667:, links have been discovered with the synaptic plasticity for reward functions involved in the trait of addiction within mammals. Synaptic plasticity is the idea that the synapses will become stronger or weaker depending on how much those specific synapses are used. Conditioning of these synapses can lead them to become stronger or weaker by causing the neurons to fire or not fire when influenced by a stimulus. The conditioning of behavioral traits is based on the idea of a reward function. A reward function is when a stimulus is conditioned to fire according to a certain stimulus. The neurons will adapt to that stimulus, and fire those neurons more easily, even if the stimulus has a negative effect on the subject (in this case the Aplysia). In mammals, the reward function is mainly controlled by ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons. During conditioning (in mammals), the VTA dopamine neurons have an increased effect on the stimuli being conditioned, and a decreased effect on the stimuli not being conditioned. This induces the synapses to form an expectation for reward for the stimuli being conditioned. The properties of the synapses displayed in the tests on conditioning involving the
771:
416:
63:
743:
mixing of all the molecules can result in a toxic chemical cloud. When the sea hare feels threatened it immediately begins the process of defending itself by mixing the distinct molecules in an additional part of the body used specifically for that purpose. At which point, enzymes within the sea slug begin the process of making the substance toxic, and the mixture is ejected out at the predator in self-defense.
40:
742:
species to hold toxins within their bodies without poisoning themselves is a result of the unique way that the toxin is stored within the slug. Different molecules essential to the creation of the toxin are accumulated in separate parts of the body of the slug, rendering them benign, as only the
639:
species serve as an ideal model system for the physical studying of food-reward learning, due to "the neuronal components of parts of its ganglionic nervous system that are responsible for the generation of feeding movements." As a result,
597:) occurs as a response to DNA damage. Thus the finding of activation of PARP-1 during learning and its requirement for long-term memory was surprising. Cohen-Aromon et al. suggested that fast and transient decondensation of
559:, making it a favorite subject for investigation by neuroscientists. Also, the 'tongue' on the underside is controlled by only two neurons, which allowed complete mapping of the innervation network to be carried out.
3079:
Cunha, C. M.; Rosenberg, G. (2019). Type specimens of
Aplysiida (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, with taxonomic remarks. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 95(2):
635:. Because operant conditioning involves intricate interaction between an action and a stimulus (in this case food) it is closely associated with the acquisition of compulsive behavior. The
655:
to pull back its siphon and gill for protection. The links between the synapses during the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex are directly correlated with many behavioral traits in the
2778:
524:
species, when threatened, frequently release clouds of ink, it is believed in order to blind the attacker (though they are in fact considered edible by relatively few species).
616:
In 2018, scientists from the
University of California, Los Angeles, have shown that the behavioral modifications characteristic of a form of nonassociative long-term memory in
3073:
2850:
Cummins SF, Nichols AE, Schein CH, Nagle GT (March 2006). "Newly identified water-borne protein pheromones interact with attractin to stimulate mate attraction in
Aplysia".
651:, the primary reflex studied by scientists while studying operant conditioning is the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex. The gill and siphon withdrawal reflex allows the
1823:
730:. Instead, recent research has made it clear that these sea slugs are able to produce and secrete multiple compounds within their ink, including the chemodeterrant
2179:
1855:
1317:
810:
2503:
Cohen-Armon M, Visochek L, Katzoff A, Levitan D, Susswein AJ, Klein R, Valbrun M, Schwartz JH (18 June 2004). "Long-term memory requires polyADP-ribosylation".
1519:
663:
to identify correlations with conditioning in mammals, mainly regarding behavioral responses such as addiction. Through experiments on the conditioning of the
1614:
1593:
1341:
846:
1504:
1434:
1200:
671:(which has dopamine neurons but not a ventral tegmental area) are proposed to be directly comparable to behavioral responses such as addiction in mammals.
1565:
1454:
1242:
891:
876:
1579:
1535:
1444:
1150:
1100:
1014:
1004:
942:
1673:
1550:
1489:
1160:
1125:
861:
1417:
644:
has been used in associative learning studies to derive certain aspects of feeding and operant conditioning in the context of compulsive behavior.
3228:
1382:
1302:
1135:
989:
3267:
2960:
1130:
Golestani, Crocetta, Padula, Camacho, Langeneck, Poursanidis, Pola, Yokeş, Cervera, Jung, Gosliner, Araya, Hooker, Schrödl & Valdés, 2019
1105:
Golestani, Crocetta, Padula, Camacho, Langeneck, Poursanidis, Pola, Yokeş, Cervera, Jung, Gosliner, Araya, Hooker, Schrödl & Valdés, 2019
2439:
555:
to fire synchronously. This quick neural response is necessary for a speedy reaction to danger by the animal. Aplysia has only about 20,000
2779:"Possible contributions of a novel form of synaptic plasticity in Aplysia to reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in mammalian brain"
3036:
European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification
686:, meaning each adult individual sea hare possesses both male and female reproductive structures that may be mature at the same time.
540:
609:, further research was done with mice and it was found that polyADP-ribosylation is also required for long-term memory formation in
3202:
3241:
3351:
2484:
3356:
3246:
2687:
Cropper, Elizabeth; Evans, Colin; Hurwitz, Itay; Jing, Jian; Proekt, Alex; Romero, Adarli; Rosen, Steven (15 August 2003).
2997:
755:
are as follows. This list follows the studies of Medina et al. who established a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus
692:
have the ability to store and digest allosperm (sperm from a partner) and often mate with multiple partners. A potent
3028:
2893:
Ludwig AN, Walsh PJ (December 2008). "Multiple mating, sperm storage, and mating preference in
Aplysia californica".
3313:
3272:
171:
3254:
2826:
2988:
2597:"RNA from Trained Aplysia Can Induce an Epigenetic Engram for Long-Term Sensitization in Untrained Aplysia"
3163:
3150:
683:
1194:
Description: no purple gland, therefore no ink secretions; posterior end of the foot can act as a sucker
3168:
2476:
586:
1176:
3361:
3318:
3282:
927:
62:
3051:
602:
2318:
2117:
2055:
1872:
1759:
973:
3034:
Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001).
659:
such as its habits, reflexes, and conditioning. Scientists have studied the conditioning of the
3346:
3090:
1045:
951:
900:
605:
needed to form long-term memory without strand-breaks in DNA. Subsequent to these findings in
498:
herbivorous creatures can become rather large compared with most other mollusks. They graze in
3233:
3305:
3021:
The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the
British Isles and surrounding seas
1951:
1282:
3295:
2463:
Redish, Edward F. (2003). "Chapter 2: Cognitive
Principles and Guidelines for Instruction".
3189:
3137:
2653:
2512:
628:
1361:
Distribution: Indian Ocean; West
Pacific; common along the north, east and south coast of
8:
2468:
1180:
916:
830:
770:
708:
48:
2657:
2516:
696:, the water-borne protein attractin, is employed in promoting and maintaining mating in
2926:
2910:
2875:
2803:
2759:
2621:
2596:
2536:
1665:
1426:
820:
548:
209:
57:
787:
3290:
3176:
3128:
3024:
2918:
2867:
2808:
2751:
2710:
2669:
2626:
2577:
2572:
2555:
2528:
2480:
1351:
1251:
117:
2930:
2879:
2763:
2540:
3341:
3181:
2902:
2863:
2859:
2798:
2790:
2741:
2700:
2661:
2616:
2608:
2567:
2520:
2414:
2397:
2365:
1808:
1629:
1464:
1261:
1110:
1068:
967:
782:
776:
594:
431:
1392:
1221:
1170:
499:
3259:
3142:
2612:
415:
3155:
2983:
1470:
1400:
1370:
Description: greenish brown, with small brown to black spots with white centres
532:
528:
511:
482:
2746:
2729:
3335:
3113:
2226:
1889:
1276:
800:
731:
693:
515:
352:
167:
2995:
2665:
2556:"PolyADP-ribosylation is required for long-term memory formation in mammals"
2524:
726:
species was once thought to use ink to escape from predators, much like the
700:. Attractin interacts with three other Aplysia protein pheromones (enticin,
2922:
2871:
2812:
2755:
2714:
2630:
2581:
2532:
1362:
1094:
Description: sometimes has a red border to the parapodia and oral tentacles
760:
536:
507:
179:
2794:
2673:
3215:
3122:
3056:
2554:
Goldberg S, Visochek L, Giladi E, Gozes I, Cohen-Armon M (October 2009).
1327:
140:
2914:
715:
have provided insights on how conflicts between the sexes are resolved.
3207:
3078:
2472:
580:
150:
104:
2705:
2688:
1806:; different geographical populations of the same species): synonym of
593:
cells tested, the addition of polyADP-ribosyl groups to proteins (poly
39:
3220:
2906:
598:
590:
485:
130:
74:
3084:
3107:
791:
764:
632:
503:
478:
474:
94:
20:
3023:. Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK.
2595:
Bédécarrats A, Chen S, Pearce K, Cai D, Glanzman D (14 May 2018).
3194:
2502:
735:
727:
701:
556:
495:
488:
1085:
Distribution: East
Atlantic, Mediterranean, West Africa, Red Sea
298:(unavailable name: not diagnosed and no type species designated)
2730:"Learning and Memory: How Sea Slug Behaviors Become Compulsive"
704:
or seductin) in a binary fashion to stimulate mate attraction.
610:
583:
572:
568:
552:
84:
449:
2996:
Mónica Medina; Timothy
Collins; Patrick J. Walsh (May 2005).
470:
2644:
2440:"Eric Kandel: Learning about the human brain from sea slugs"
1376:
Behaviour: hides by day; emerges at night to feed on seaweed
1236:
Color: dark brown to purplish black, dotted with white spots
3052:"Scanning electron microscope studies of gastropod radulae"
2553:
1188:
Distribution: cosmopolitan, circumtropical in all warm seas
461:
455:
434:
936:
Description: large black rings on the mantle; good swimmer
2849:
446:
2594:
3038:. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
2686:
1574:
Distribution: East Australia, Japan; Northwest Pacific
510:
Ocean (23 species); but they can also be found in the
1802:
mottled sea hare, sooty sea hare (junior synonym of
443:
440:
2944:Cutraro, Hennifer (March 27, 2006). "Toxic Blast".
998:
Distribution: Southeast Atlantic, Southwest Pacific
437:
3049:
514:(12 species), with a few species occurring in the
1405:Distribution: worldwide in warm to temperate seas
3333:
2689:"Feeding Neural Networks in the Mollusc Aplysia"
980:Distribution: Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean.
3002:clade based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data"
2827:"Sea Hare - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics"
1652:Description: no purple ink; huge internal shell
1311:Distribution: Southwest Atlantic, South Pacific
345:(junior homonym of Aplysiopsis Deshayes, 1853 )
2992:, 4th ed., p. 180. McGraw-Hill, New York.
601:structure by polyADP-ribosylation enables the
19:For a synonym for a genus of sea sponges, see
1059:Distribution: Western Australia, New Zealand.
933:Color: from pale gray to green to dark brown.
2886:
2843:
1636:California black sea hare (possibly ?=
2892:
2547:
589:1 (PARP-1) is activated. In virtually all
2437:
1191:Color: various, from uniform to pale brown
38:
3048:SEM images of the radula can be found at
3019:Howson, C.M.; Picton, B.E. (Ed.) (1997).
2802:
2745:
2704:
2620:
2571:
1643:Distribution: Pacific Coast of California
1287:Atlantic black sea hare, sooty sea hare
1270:Distribution : Western Indian Ocean
1119:Distribution: Indian Ocean, West Pacific
961:Distribution: Indian Ocean, West Pacific
885:Distribution: Indian Ocean, West Pacific
769:
571:that mediate several forms of long-term
506:zones of tropical waters, mostly in the
414:
52:releasing a toxic cloud in self-defense
3050:Thompson, T.E.; Bebbington, A. (1973).
2943:
2776:
2727:
2643:
2588:
2498:
2496:
2465:Teaching Physics With The Physics Suite
623:
296:M. Medina, T. Collins & Walsh, 2005
3334:
2986:, Schwartz, J.H., Jessell, T.M. 2000.
2462:
3089:
3088:
2958:
2456:
983:Description: thin, yellow inner shell
738:for self-defense. The ability of the
3283:9bde3f9b-112f-4e9c-bd90-1e70a2e1ff18
2493:
2438:Foundation, Lasker (10 March 2020).
1296:Color: black to deep brown; no spots
631:is considered a form of associative
322:· accepted, alternate representation
284:· accepted, alternate representation
270:· accepted, alternate representation
256:· accepted, alternate representation
229:· accepted, alternate representation
1885:(Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1960)
1646:Length: very big – up to 75 cm
1373:Habitat: shallow bays and estuaries
707:Studies of multiple matings in the
562:
473:of medium-sized to extremely large
13:
786:(below) grazing in a tide pool in
531:, the genus has been studied as a
336:accepted, alternate representation
14:
3373:
3042:
541:gill and siphon withdrawal reflex
2728:Kemenes, György (13 July 2009).
2573:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06296.x
1608:Description: not clearly defined
1290:Distribution: Northwest Atlantic
430:
61:
2998:"Phylogeny of sea hares in the
2952:
2937:
2819:
1587:Distribution: Southwest Pacific
1544:Distribution: Northeast Pacific
1529:Distribution: Northeast Pacific
1513:Distribution: Southwest Pacific
1498:Distribution: Northeast Pacific
1144:Distribution: Southeast Pacific
1039:Distribution: Northwest Pacific
910:Distribution: Southwest Pacific
855:Distribution: Northeast Pacific
840:Distribution: Northeast Pacific
718:
674:
2864:10.1016/j.peptides.2005.08.026
2770:
2721:
2680:
2637:
2431:
930:; tropical and temperate seas.
1:
3352:Animal models in neuroscience
2424:
1684:Species brought into synonymy
763:DNA (mtDNA) sequence data of
759:through study of the partial
734:and toxic substances such as
2989:Principles of Neural Science
2959:Australia, Atlas of Living.
2231:Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830
2011:synonym of Aplysia punctata
1956:(A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
1062:Length: more than 40 cm
851:(Bartsch & Rehder, 1939)
805:Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830
7:
3357:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
2613:10.1523/ENEURO.0038-18.2018
2477:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1411:Color: brown to green spots
1209:Distribution: South Pacific
1091:Color: dark brown to black.
1036:(alternate representation)
870:Distribution: West Atlantic
684:simultaneous hermaphrodites
620:can be transferred by RNA.
10:
3378:
3006:Bulletin of Marine Science
2961:"Species: Aplysia juliana"
2607:(3): ENEURO.0038–18.2018.
2323:(Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
2060:(Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
1828:(Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
1623:Distribution: Indian Ocean
1559:Distribution: Indian Ocean
1397:(Guilding in Moerch, 1863)
1256:A. Adams & Reeve, 1850
1247:A. Adams & Reeve, 1850
958:(possible senior synonym)
866:(Dall & Simpson, 1901)
746:
587:poly ADP ribose polymerase
18:
3097:
2747:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.052
1947:(Adams & Reeve, 1850)
1824:Barnardaclesia cirrhifera
1477:Distribution: NE Atlantic
1356:(Adams & Reeve, 1850)
751:Species within the genus
215:
208:
201:
196:
185:
178:
58:Scientific classification
56:
46:
37:
30:
2777:Hawkins, Robert (2013).
2314:Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
2306:Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
2051:Quoy & Gaimard, 1825
2028:Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
1819:Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
1230:Distribution: NW Pacific
780:(above) and a couple of
3031:. vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp
2666:10.1126/science.7244649
2525:10.1126/science.1096775
2319:Stylocheilus longicauda
2118:Dolabrifera dolabrifera
2056:Stylocheilus longicauda
1917:Adams & Reeve, 1850
1873:Dolabrifera dolabrifera
1760:Dolabrifera dolabrifera
1602:Distribution: Australia
1019:Adams in M.E.Gray, 1850
1155:G. B. Sowerby II, 1869
1082:is a junior synonym).
1046:Aplysia extraordinaria
952:Aplysia extraordinaria
901:Aplysia extraordinaria
795:
551:, which allow several
527:Following the lead of
481:, which are a kind of
420:
2831:www.sciencedirect.com
2795:10.1101/lm.031237.113
2783:Learning & Memory
2444:The Lasker Foundation
2180:Petalifera petalifera
1991:Aplysia griffithsiana
1952:Syphonota geographica
1894:(A. E. Verrill, 1901)
1856:Phyllaplysia depressa
1725:G.B. Sowerby II, 1869
1318:Aplysia nigra brunnea
811:Aplysia atromarginata
773:
418:
2095:Aplysia norfolkensis
1707:Aplysia albopunctata
1520:Aplysia reticulopoda
1483:Color: very variable
907:(uncertain synonym)
837:California sea hare
713:Aplysia californica,
629:Operant conditioning
624:Operant conditioning
357:(incorrect spelling)
2658:1981Sci...213..501S
2517:2004Sci...304.1820C
2382:Aplysia dactylomela
2335:Aplysia dactylomela
2288:Aplysia dactylomela
2273:Aplysia dactylomela
2243:Aplysia dactylomela
2211:Aplysia dactylomela
2164:Aplysia dactylomela
2149:Aplysia dactylomela
2134:Aplysia dactylomela
2087:Aplysia californica
2072:Aplysia dactylomela
1944:Aplysia geographica
1921:Aplysia dactylomela
1899:Aplysia eusiphonata
1865:Aplysia dolabrifera
1789:Aplysia dactylomela
1774:Aplysia dactylomela
1744:Aplysia dactylomela
1729:Aplysia dactylomela
1699:Aplysia dactylomela
1638:Aplysia cedrocensis
1615:Aplysia tanzanensis
1594:Aplysia sydneyensis
1342:Aplysia nigrocincta
917:Aplysia dactylomela
847:Aplysia cedrocensis
835:(J.G. Cooper, 1863)
831:Aplysia californica
709:California sea hare
549:electrical synapses
545:Aplysia californica
49:Aplysia californica
2358:Aplysia tigrinella
2343:Aplysia tigrinella
2281:Aplysia scutellata
2172:Aplysia petalifera
2110:Aplysia oahouensis
2090:J. G. Cooper, 1863
2048:Aplysia longicauda
1961:Aplysia gilchristi
1816:Aplysia cirrhifera
1797:Aplysia brasiliana
1737:Aplysia annulifera
1605:Length: 15 cm
1526:net-foot sea hare
1505:Aplysia reticulata
1480:Length: 20 cm
1435:Aplysia perviridis
1367:Length: 15 cm
1332:Length: 10 cm
1293:Length: 40 cm
1233:Length: 30 cm
1212:Length: 25 cm
1201:Aplysia keraudreni
1088:Length: 40 cm
1077:Aplysia brasiliana
821:Aplysia brasiliana
796:
547:, is mediated by
421:
254:J. G. Cooper, 1863
16:Genus of sea slugs
3329:
3328:
3291:Open Tree of Life
3091:Taxon identifiers
2740:(13): R515–R517.
2706:10.1159/000076159
2486:978-0-471-39378-8
2420:
2411:
2403:
2394:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2362:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2332:
2324:
2315:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2270:
2262:
2255:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2223:
2219:Aplysia pulmonica
2215:
2208:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2176:
2168:
2161:
2153:
2146:
2138:
2131:
2123:
2114:
2106:
2099:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2069:
2065:Aplysia megaptera
2061:
2052:
2044:
2037:
2029:
2022:
2018:Aplysia hamiltoni
2014:
2010:
2002:
1995:
1987:
1980:
1972:
1965:
1957:
1948:
1940:
1933:
1929:Aplysia gargantua
1925:
1918:
1914:Aplysia fimbriata
1910:
1903:
1895:
1886:
1878:
1869:
1861:
1860:(Cantraine, 1835)
1852:
1844:
1837:
1829:
1820:
1801:
1793:
1786:
1782:Aplysia bourailli
1778:
1771:
1767:Aplysia benedicti
1756:
1748:
1741:
1733:
1726:
1718:
1703:
1696:
1679:
1666:taxon inquirendum
1662:
1635:
1620:
1599:
1584:
1571:
1566:Aplysia sagamiana
1556:
1541:
1525:
1510:
1495:
1474:
1460:
1455:Aplysia pulmonica
1450:
1440:
1427:taxon inquirendum
1423:
1408:Length: 6 cm
1398:
1388:
1358:spotted sea hare
1357:
1352:Aplysia oculifera
1347:
1346:von Martens, 1880
1335:Color: dark brown
1323:
1308:
1286:
1267:
1257:
1252:Aplysia oculifera
1248:
1243:Aplysia lineolata
1227:
1215:Color: dark brown
1206:
1185:Walking sea hare
1184:
1166:
1156:
1141:
1131:
1116:
1106:
1081:
1074:
1051:
1035:
1021:: represented as
1020:
1010:
995:
977:
957:
948:
923:spotted sea hare
922:
906:
897:
892:Aplysia cronullae
882:
877:Aplysia cornigera
867:
852:
836:
826:
816:
806:
413:
412:
407:
399:
381:
373:
369:Phyllobranchopsis
365:
356:
344:
335:
321:
297:
283:
269:
255:
242:
228:
174:
118:Euopisthobranchia
3369:
3362:Gastropod genera
3322:
3321:
3309:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3286:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3263:
3262:
3260:NBNSYS0000173901
3250:
3249:
3237:
3236:
3224:
3223:
3211:
3210:
3198:
3197:
3185:
3184:
3172:
3171:
3159:
3158:
3146:
3145:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3086:
3085:
3065:
3013:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2907:10.2307/25470710
2890:
2884:
2883:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2806:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2749:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2624:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2575:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2511:(5678): 1820–2.
2500:
2491:
2490:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2435:
2418:
2415:Aplysia fasciata
2409:
2401:
2398:Aplysia fasciata
2393:(Hellprin, 1886)
2392:
2390:Aplysia willcoxi
2384:
2377:
2369:
2366:Aplysia maculata
2360:
2352:
2350:Aplysia maculata
2345:
2337:
2330:
2322:
2313:
2305:
2298:
2290:
2283:
2275:
2268:
2266:Aplysia schrammi
2260:
2258:Aplysia punctata
2253:
2245:
2238:
2230:
2221:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2196:Aplysia maculata
2191:
2189:Aplysia poikilia
2183:
2174:
2166:
2159:
2151:
2144:
2136:
2129:
2127:Aplysia ocellata
2121:
2112:
2104:
2097:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2067:
2059:
2050:
2042:
2040:Aplysia punctata
2035:
2027:
2020:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1998:Aplysia punctata
1993:
1985:
1983:Aplysia fasciata
1978:
1976:Aplysia gracilis
1970:
1968:Aplysia maculata
1963:
1955:
1946:
1938:
1936:Aplysia maculata
1931:
1923:
1916:
1908:
1906:Aplysia maculata
1901:
1893:
1884:
1876:
1867:
1859:
1850:
1848:Aplysia depressa
1842:
1835:
1827:
1818:
1809:Aplysia fasciata
1804:Aplysia fasciata
1799:
1791:
1784:
1776:
1769:
1754:
1752:Aplysia ascifera
1746:
1739:
1731:
1724:
1716:
1714:Aplysia punctata
1701:
1694:
1692:Aplysia aequorea
1678:Pruvot-Fol, 1953
1677:
1660:
1633:
1630:Aplysia vaccaria
1619:Bebbington, 1974
1618:
1597:
1582:
1580:Aplysia sowerbyi
1569:
1555:Bebbington, 1974
1554:
1539:
1536:Aplysia robertsi
1523:
1508:
1493:
1468:
1465:Aplysia punctata
1458:
1448:
1445:Aplysia pilsbryi
1438:
1421:
1399:pygmy sea hare,
1396:
1387:Pruvot-Fol, 1953
1386:
1355:
1345:
1321:
1306:
1280:
1265:
1262:Aplysia maculata
1255:
1246:
1225:
1204:
1174:
1164:
1154:
1151:Aplysia japonica
1139:
1129:
1114:
1111:Aplysia gigantea
1104:
1101:Aplysia ghanimii
1079:
1072:
1069:Aplysia fasciata
1054:Aplysia gigantea
1049:
1033:
1018:
1015:Aplysia euchlora
1008:
1005:Aplysia elongata
993:
971:
968:Aplysia depilans
955:
946:
943:Aplysia denisoni
920:
904:
895:
880:
865:
850:
834:
824:
814:
804:
783:Aplysia punctata
777:Aplysia fasciata
595:ADP-ribosylation
563:Long-term memory
543:, as studied in
468:
467:
464:
463:
458:
457:
452:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
419:Aplysia egg mass
405:
398:Pruvot-Fol, 1933
397:
379:
371:
363:
351:
342:
333:
320:Pruvot-Fol, 1933
319:
295:
281:
267:
253:
240:
226:
187:Aplysia depilans
166:
66:
65:
42:
28:
27:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3317:
3312:
3304:
3302:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3279:
3271:
3266:
3258:
3253:
3245:
3240:
3232:
3227:
3219:
3214:
3206:
3201:
3193:
3188:
3180:
3175:
3167:
3162:
3154:
3149:
3141:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3093:
3074:MondoMarino.net
3045:
3016:
2979:
2978:
2969:
2967:
2957:
2953:
2942:
2938:
2891:
2887:
2848:
2844:
2835:
2833:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2789:(10): 580–591.
2775:
2771:
2734:Current Biology
2726:
2722:
2685:
2681:
2652:(4507): 501–4.
2642:
2638:
2593:
2589:
2552:
2548:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2461:
2457:
2448:
2446:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2407:Aplysia winneba
2375:Aplysia velifer
2328:Aplysia tigrina
2311:Aplysia striata
2303:Aplysia juliana
2296:Aplysia sibogae
2284:Ehrenberg, 1831
2239:Ehrenberg, 1831
2236:Aplysia radiata
2142:Aplysia odorata
2130:d'Orbigny, 1839
2102:Aplysia parvula
2080:Aplysia nettiae
2033:Aplysia hybrida
2025:Aplysia juliana
2006:Aplysia guttata
1851:Cantraine, 1835
1840:Aplysia parvula
1833:Aplysia concava
1674:Aplysia vistosa
1634:(Winkler, 1955)
1598:(Sowerby, 1869)
1551:Aplysia rudmani
1490:Aplysia rehderi
1439:(Pilsbry, 1895)
1393:Aplysia parvula
1307:d'Orbigny, 1837
1222:Aplysia kurodai
1171:Aplysia juliana
1161:Aplysia juanina
1140:d'Orbigny, 1837
1126:Aplysia hooveri
862:Aplysia cervina
788:Póvoa de Varzim
765:ribosomal genes
749:
721:
677:
626:
565:
537:neurobiologists
477:, specifically
460:
454:
433:
429:
192:
189:
165:
60:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3375:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3310:
3300:
3287:
3277:
3264:
3251:
3238:
3225:
3212:
3199:
3186:
3173:
3160:
3147:
3134:
3119:
3103:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3083:
3082:
3076:
3066:
3044:
3043:External links
3041:
3040:
3039:
3032:
3015:
3014:
2993:
2984:Kandel Eric R.
2980:
2977:
2976:
2965:bie.ala.org.au
2951:
2936:
2885:
2858:(3): 597–606.
2842:
2818:
2769:
2720:
2699:(1–2): 70–86.
2679:
2636:
2587:
2546:
2492:
2485:
2455:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2404:
2387:
2372:
2355:
2340:
2325:
2308:
2293:
2278:
2269:Deshayes, 1857
2263:
2261:(Cuvier, 1803)
2248:
2233:
2216:
2204:Aplysia protea
2201:
2186:
2169:
2157:Aplysia operta
2154:
2139:
2124:
2113:Souleyet, 1852
2107:
2092:
2077:
2062:
2045:
2043:(Cuvier, 1803)
2030:
2015:
2013:(Cuvier, 1803)
2003:
2001:(Cuvier, 1803)
1988:
1973:
1958:
1941:
1926:
1911:
1896:
1879:
1862:
1845:
1830:
1813:
1794:
1779:
1764:
1749:
1734:
1722:Aplysia angasi
1719:
1717:(Cuvier, 1803)
1710:Deshayes, 1853
1704:
1695:Heilprin, 1888
1688:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1670:
1658:Aplysia venosa
1655:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1524:(Beeman, 1960)
1516:
1515:
1514:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1461:
1451:
1449:(Letson, 1898)
1441:
1431:
1418:Aplysia peasei
1414:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1401:dwarf sea hare
1389:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1348:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1326:Distribution:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1258:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1167:
1157:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1107:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1073:(Poiret, 1798)
1065:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1011:
1001:
1000:
999:
986:
985:
984:
981:
964:
963:
962:
939:
938:
937:
934:
931:
926:Distribution:
913:
912:
911:
888:
887:
886:
873:
872:
871:
858:
857:
856:
843:
842:
841:
827:
817:
807:
748:
745:
720:
717:
676:
673:
625:
622:
564:
561:
539:, because its
533:model organism
529:Eric R. Kandel
512:Atlantic Ocean
411:
410:
409:
408:
400:
392:
382:
374:
366:
364:A. Adams, 1861
358:
346:
337:
323:
309:
299:
285:
271:
268:A. Adams, 1861
257:
243:
230:
227:Linnaeus, 1767
213:
212:
206:
205:
199:
198:
194:
193:
190:
183:
182:
176:
175:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
121:
120:
115:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
54:
53:
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3374:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3347:Animal models
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3029:0-948150-06-8
3026:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3012:(3): 691–698.
3011:
3007:
3003:
3001:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2966:
2962:
2955:
2947:
2946:Science World
2940:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2901:(3): 265–71.
2900:
2896:
2889:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2693:Neuro-Signals
2690:
2683:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2497:
2488:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2430:
2417:
2416:
2412:: synonym of
2408:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2395:: synonym of
2391:
2388:
2383:
2380:: synonym of
2376:
2373:
2368:
2367:
2363:: synonym of
2359:
2356:
2351:
2348:: synonym of
2344:
2341:
2336:
2333:: synonym of
2329:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2316:: synonym of
2312:
2309:
2304:
2301:: synonym of
2297:
2294:
2289:
2286:: synonym of
2282:
2279:
2274:
2271:: synonym of
2267:
2264:
2259:
2256:: synonym of
2252:
2251:Aplysia rosea
2249:
2244:
2241:: synonym of
2237:
2234:
2229:
2228:
2227:Aplysia argus
2224:: synonym of
2220:
2217:
2212:
2209:: synonym of
2205:
2202:
2197:
2194:: synonym of
2190:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2177:: synonym of
2173:
2170:
2165:
2162:: synonym of
2158:
2155:
2150:
2147:: synonym of
2143:
2140:
2135:
2132:: synonym of
2128:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2115:: synonym of
2111:
2108:
2103:
2100:: synonym of
2098:Sowerby, 1869
2096:
2093:
2088:
2085:: synonym of
2083:Winkler, 1959
2081:
2078:
2073:
2070:: synonym of
2068:Verrill, 1900
2066:
2063:
2058:
2057:
2053:: synonym of
2049:
2046:
2041:
2038:: synonym of
2036:Sowerby, 1806
2034:
2031:
2026:
2023:: synonym of
2019:
2016:
2009:Sars M., 1840
2007:
2004:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1966:: synonym of
1962:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1949:: synonym of
1945:
1942:
1937:
1934:: synonym of
1930:
1927:
1922:
1919:: synonym of
1915:
1912:
1907:
1904:: synonym of
1900:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:Aplysia morio
1887:: synonym of
1883:
1882:Aplysia donca
1880:
1875:
1874:
1870:: synonym of
1866:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1853:: synonym of
1849:
1846:
1841:
1838:: synonym of
1836:Sowerby, 1869
1834:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1821:: synonym of
1817:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1795:
1790:
1787:: synonym of
1783:
1780:
1775:
1772:: synonym of
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1757:: synonym of
1753:
1750:
1745:
1742:: synonym of
1738:
1735:
1730:
1727:: synonym of
1723:
1720:
1715:
1712:: synonym of
1711:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1697:: synonym of
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1583:Pilsbry, 1895
1581:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1542:
1540:Pilsbry, 1895
1538:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1422:(Tryon, 1895)
1420:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1383:Aplysia parva
1380:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1303:Aplysia nigra
1300:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:A. E. Verrill
1279:
1278:
1277:Aplysia morio
1274:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1249:: synonym of
1245:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:(Bergh, 1898)
1163:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1115:Sowerby, 1869
1113:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1050:(Allan, 1932)
1048:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1009:(Pease, 1860)
1007:
1006:
1002:
997:
996:
992:
991:
987:
982:
979:
978:
975:
970:
969:
965:
960:
959:
956:(Allan, 1932)
954:
953:
949:: synonym of
945:
944:
940:
935:
932:
929:
925:
924:
919:
918:
914:
909:
908:
905:(Allan, 1932)
903:
902:
898:: synonym of
894:
893:
889:
884:
883:
881:Sowerby, 1869
879:
878:
874:
869:
868:
864:
863:
859:
854:
853:
849:
848:
844:
839:
838:
833:
832:
828:
823:
822:
818:
813:
812:
808:
803:
802:
801:Aplysia argus
798:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:
779:
778:
772:
768:
766:
762:
761:mitochondrial
758:
754:
744:
741:
737:
733:
732:Aplysioviolin
729:
725:
716:
714:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
694:sex pheromone
691:
687:
685:
681:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
645:
643:
638:
634:
630:
621:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
603:transcription
600:
596:
592:
588:
585:
582:
578:
574:
570:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
517:
516:Mediterranean
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
492:
490:
487:
484:
480:
476:
472:
466:
427:
426:
417:
404:
401:
396:
393:
390:
386:
383:
378:
377:Pruvotaplysia
375:
370:
367:
362:
359:
354:
350:
347:
341:
338:
331:
327:
324:
317:
313:
310:
307:
303:
300:
293:
289:
286:
279:
278:Pruvotaplysia
275:
272:
265:
261:
258:
251:
247:
244:
241:Pilsbry, 1951
238:
234:
231:
224:
220:
217:
216:
214:
211:
207:
204:
200:
195:
188:
184:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
163:
159:
156:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:
142:
139:
137:Superfamily:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
64:
59:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
36:
33:
29:
26:
22:
3098:
3069:
3061:
3055:
3035:
3020:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2987:
2968:. Retrieved
2964:
2954:
2945:
2939:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2834:. Retrieved
2830:
2821:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2737:
2733:
2723:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2563:
2560:J. Neurochem
2559:
2549:
2508:
2504:
2479:p. 18.
2464:
2458:
2447:. Retrieved
2443:
2433:
2419:Poiret, 1789
2413:
2406:
2402:Poiret, 1789
2396:
2389:
2381:
2374:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2342:
2334:
2327:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2265:
2257:
2254:Rathke, 1799
2250:
2242:
2235:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2203:
2195:
2188:
2184:(Rang, 1828)
2178:
2171:
2163:
2156:
2148:
2145:Risbec, 1928
2141:
2133:
2126:
2122:(Rang, 1828)
2116:
2109:
2101:
2094:
2086:
2079:
2071:
2064:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2032:
2024:
2017:
2005:
1997:
1990:
1986:Poiret, 1789
1982:
1979:Eales, 1960:
1975:
1967:
1960:
1950:
1943:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1913:
1905:
1898:
1888:
1881:
1877:(Rang, 1828)
1871:
1864:
1854:
1847:
1839:
1832:
1822:
1815:
1812:Poiret, 1789
1807:
1803:
1800:(Rang, 1828)
1796:
1788:
1785:Risbec, 1951
1781:
1773:
1766:
1763:(Rang, 1828)
1758:
1751:
1743:
1740:Thiele, 1930
1736:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1698:
1691:
1672:
1664:
1661:Hutton, 1875
1657:
1649:Color: black
1637:
1628:
1613:
1592:
1570:(Baba, 1949)
1564:
1549:
1534:
1518:
1503:
1488:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1433:
1425:
1416:
1391:
1381:
1363:South Africa
1350:
1340:
1322:Hutton, 1875
1316:
1301:
1275:
1260:
1250:
1241:
1226:(Baba, 1937)
1220:
1199:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1136:Aplysia inca
1134:
1124:
1109:
1099:
1076:
1067:
1053:
1052:(possibly =
1044:
1034:(Gray, 1850)
1030:
1026:
1022:
1013:
1003:
990:Aplysia dura
988:
966:
950:
941:
928:Cosmopolitan
921:(Rang, 1828)
915:
899:
890:
875:
860:
845:
829:
819:
809:
799:
781:
775:
756:
752:
750:
739:
723:
722:
719:Self-defense
712:
706:
697:
689:
688:
679:
678:
675:Reproduction
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
646:
641:
636:
627:
617:
615:
606:
576:
566:
544:
526:
521:
520:
508:Indo-Pacific
493:
424:
423:
422:
402:
394:
388:
384:
376:
368:
360:
348:
339:
334:Eales, 1960·
329:
325:
315:
311:
305:
301:
291:
287:
277:
273:
263:
259:
249:
245:
236:
232:
222:
218:
202:
191:Gmelin, 1791
186:
180:Type species
161:
160:
124:
111:
47:
31:
25:
3216:iNaturalist
3123:Wikispecies
3057:Malacologia
2566:(1): 72–9.
2410:Eales, 1957
2378:Bergh, 1905
2299:Bergh, 1905
2222:Gould, 1852
2192:Bergh, 1908
2160:Burne, 1906
2105:Mørch, 1863
1996:synonym of
1994:Leach, 1852
1981:synonym of
1964:Bergh, 1908
1932:Bergh, 1908
1902:Bergh, 1908
1843:Mørch, 1863
1770:Eliot, 1899
1509:Eales, 1960
1494:Eales, 1960
1459:Gould, 1852
1328:New Zealand
994:Eales, 1960
947:Smith, 1884
896:Eales, 1960
815:Bergh, 1905
406:Eales, 1960
380:Engel, 1936
372:Eliot, 1905
343:Bergh, 1898
340:Aplysiopsis
282:Engel, 1936
141:Aplysioidea
3336:Categories
3068:Photos of
3064:: 147–165.
2970:2020-11-05
2895:Biol. Bull
2836:2020-10-27
2473:New Jersey
2449:2020-10-31
2425:References
2385:Rang, 1828
2370:Rang, 1828
2361:Gray, 1850
2353:Rang, 1828
2346:Gray, 1850
2338:Rang, 1828
2331:Rang, 1828
2291:Rang, 1828
2276:Rang, 1828
2246:Rang, 1828
2214:Rang, 1828
2207:Rang, 1828
2199:Rang, 1828
2175:Rang, 1828
2167:Rang, 1828
2152:Rang, 1828
2137:Rang, 1828
2075:Rang, 1828
2021:Kirk, 1882
1971:Rang, 1828
1939:Rang, 1828
1924:Rang, 1828
1909:Rang, 1828
1868:Rang, 1828
1792:Rang, 1828
1777:Rang, 1828
1755:Rang, 1828
1747:Rang, 1828
1732:Rang, 1828
1702:Rang, 1828
1266:Rang, 1828
1205:Rang, 1828
1080:Rang, 1828
1027:Phycophila
825:Rang, 1828
591:eukaryotic
581:DNA repair
361:Phycophila
292:Subaplysia
264:Phycophila
237:Metaplysia
151:Aplysiidae
105:Gastropoda
599:chromatin
486:gastropod
479:sea hares
475:sea slugs
250:Neaplysia
203:See text
131:Anaspidea
81:Kingdom:
75:Eukaryota
3195:46448985
3108:Wikidata
2931:40050992
2923:19098147
2915:25470710
2880:37063802
2872:16309784
2852:Peptides
2813:24049187
2764:13533793
2756:19602413
2715:15004426
2631:29789810
2582:19645746
2541:20680175
2533:15205535
1031:euchlora
792:Portugal
767:(rDNA).
633:learning
504:subtidal
353:Linnaeus
349:Laplysia
210:Synonyms
197:Species
168:Linnaeus
147:Family:
95:Mollusca
91:Phylum:
85:Animalia
71:Domain:
21:Aplysina
3342:Aplysia
3306:4075419
3234:1345099
3208:2297330
3156:Aplysia
3143:Aplysia
3129:Aplysia
3114:Q136564
3099:Aplysia
3080:361-372
3070:Aplysia
3000:Aplysia
2804:3768196
2674:7244649
2654:Bibcode
2646:Science
2622:5962046
2513:Bibcode
2505:Science
2469:Hoboken
1473:, 1803)
1285:, 1901)
1183:, 1832)
1181:Gaimard
1023:Aplysia
976:, 1791)
757:Aplysia
753:Aplysia
747:Species
740:Aplysia
736:ammonia
728:octopus
724:Aplysia
702:temptin
698:Aplysia
690:Aplysia
680:Aplysia
669:Aplysia
665:Aplysia
661:Aplysia
657:Aplysia
653:Aplysia
649:Aplysia
642:Aplysia
637:Aplysia
618:Aplysia
611:mammals
607:Aplysia
577:Aplysia
569:neurons
557:neurons
553:neurons
522:Aplysia
496:benthic
489:mollusk
469:) is a
425:Aplysia
389:Aplysia
326:Aplysia
312:Aplysia
302:Aplysia
288:Aplysia
274:Aplysia
260:Aplysia
246:Aplysia
233:Aplysia
223:Aplysia
219:Aplysia
162:Aplysia
157:Genus:
101:Class:
32:Aplysia
3319:137654
3303:uBio:
3296:126322
3280:NZOR:
3027:
2929:
2921:
2913:
2878:
2870:
2811:
2801:
2762:
2754:
2713:
2672:
2629:
2619:
2601:eNeuro
2580:
2539:
2531:
2483:
1471:Cuvier
1179:&
974:Gmelin
584:enzyme
579:, the
573:memory
494:These
483:marine
403:Varria
395:Tullia
385:Tethys
355:, 1767
330:Varria
316:Tullia
306:Tethys
3314:WoRMS
3247:78029
3229:IRMNG
3221:48657
3182:7NPDX
2927:S2CID
2911:JSTOR
2876:S2CID
2760:S2CID
2537:S2CID
500:tidal
471:genus
125:Clade
112:Clade
3273:6499
3268:NCBI
3242:ITIS
3203:GBIF
3169:5923
3164:BOLD
3025:ISBN
2919:PMID
2868:PMID
2809:PMID
2752:PMID
2711:PMID
2670:PMID
2627:PMID
2578:PMID
2529:PMID
2481:ISBN
1177:Quoy
682:are
502:and
172:1767
3255:NBN
3190:EoL
3177:CoL
3151:AFD
3138:ADW
2903:doi
2899:215
2860:doi
2799:PMC
2791:doi
2742:doi
2701:doi
2662:doi
2650:213
2617:PMC
2609:doi
2568:doi
2564:111
2521:doi
2509:304
774:An
647:In
575:in
567:In
535:by
3338::
3316::
3293::
3270::
3257::
3244::
3231::
3218::
3205::
3192::
3179::
3166::
3153::
3140::
3125::
3110::
3072:-
3062:14
3060:.
3054:.
3010:76
3008:.
3004:.
2963:.
2925:.
2917:.
2909:.
2897:.
2874:.
2866:.
2856:27
2854:.
2829:.
2807:.
2797:.
2787:20
2785:.
2781:.
2758:.
2750:.
2738:19
2736:.
2732:.
2709:.
2697:13
2695:.
2691:.
2668:.
2660:.
2648:.
2625:.
2615:.
2603:.
2599:.
2576:.
2562:.
2558:.
2535:.
2527:.
2519:.
2507:.
2495:^
2475::
2471:,
2467:.
2442:.
1640:)
1075:(
1056:)
1029:)
790:,
711:,
613:.
518:.
491:.
332:)
318:)
294:)
280:)
266:)
252:)
239:)
225:)
170:,
127::
114::
2973:.
2948:.
2933:.
2905::
2882:.
2862::
2839:.
2815:.
2793::
2766:.
2744::
2717:.
2703::
2676:.
2664::
2656::
2633:.
2611::
2605:5
2584:.
2570::
2543:.
2523::
2515::
2489:.
2452:.
1669:)
1663:(
1469:(
1430:)
1424:(
1281:(
1175:(
1025:(
972:(
794:.
465:/
462:ə
459:)
456:i
453:(
450:ʒ
447:ɪ
444:l
441:p
438:ˈ
435:ə
432:/
428:(
391:)
387:(
328:(
314:(
308:)
304:(
290:(
276:(
262:(
248:(
235:(
221:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
