381:
412:
160:"It strikes me that our protagonist signed his name indiscriminately as Angellinus de Dulceto or Angellinus Dulceti on Latin legends. Whether this was a Latinisation of the Genoese toponym Dulcedo or that of the Catalan surname Dolcet, is a question I shall leave to those who pursue national glory. As far as cartography is concerned, it makes absolutely no difference where he was born. What interests us is where he trained as a cartographer and where he engaged in his professional career as such, and the toponymy of his charts leaves no room for doubt about the Genoese provenance of his cartographic-toponymic pattern.
431:
260:
170:
380:
208:
In many ways, the 1325 Dalorto portolan marks a transition point in
European portolans, between the Genoese and Majorcan cartographic schools. For the most part, Dalorto follows the restrained coast-focused Italian style, exemplified by the early portolans of his Genoese predecessor
213:, but he also begins moving away from its sparseness by illustrating inland details, such as miniature cities, mountain ranges and rivers, a tendency will flourish in the later Majorcan school. Indeed, some of Dalorto's details here presage the standard Majorcan stylings (e.g.
134:
However, more recent readings claim the signatures on the maps have been previously misread, that the 'Dalorto' in the 1325 chart should be read as "Dulceto" and the "Dulcert" in the 1339 chart is in fact "Dulceti". This implies
Angelino originates from Dulceto, or
155:
nationality have tended to argue that
Dalorto and Dulcert are two different men, that the Catalan Dulcert might simply have been "inspired" by the Genoese Dalorto. Pujades (2007), touching only briefly on the controversy, concludes
747:
Winter (1958) is among the few who consider the London chart the earliest of the
Dulceti trio. This is disputed by Caraci (1959) and Crone (1962). Campbell (1987, 2011) and Pujades (2007) date it between 1339 and 1350, probably
150:
The identity and nationality of
Angelino Dulceti/Dolcet/Dalorto/Dulcert has been a longstanding item of contention between scholars, often attenuated by nationalist sentiments. Scholars who seek to claim Dulcert to be wholly of
761:
648:
453:
In the 20th century, a third map has emerged, which is unsigned and which has become commonly attributed to
Angelino Dulceti/Dolcet/Dalorto/Dulcert on account of its features. It is held by the
147:. This reinforces the common assumption that he was an Italian immigrant who settled in Majorca. However, others have noted the existence of the "Dolcet" surname in earlier Majorcan records.
930:
Note sur une carte catalane de
Dulceri antérieure à l'Atlas Catalan de 1375, lue à la Société de Géographie de Paris dans la seance du 7 janvier 1887" Paris: Société de géographie.
645:
298:. Although some of its features were already presaged in the Dalorto map, it goes further in the inland illustrations, in particular including miniature illustrations of people.
411:
457:
in London, UK (Add.MS.25691). It thought to have been composed sometime in the 1340s, although some scholars have suggested it may even precede the
Dalorto 1325 map.
729:
As noted above, however, Pujades (2007: 491) however, concludes that there is "no room for doubt about the
Genoese provenance of his cartographic-toponymic pattern".
807:
Campbell, T. (2011) "Complete chronological listing of works assigned to the period pre-1501 (with a note of high quality reproductions and place-name lists)"
136:
301:
In many ways, the
Dulcert 1339 map is very similar to the 1325 Dalorto map. On the other hand, the portolan's keys and legends are written in
430:
1004:
493:
Oldham, R.D. (May 1925). "The Portolan Maps of the RhĂ´ne Delta: A Contribution to the History of the Sea Charts of the Middle Ages".
897:
Magnaghi, A. (1899) "Il Mappamondo del Genovese Angellinus del Dalorto (1325): Contributo alla storia della cartografia mediovale",
770:—Translation in English of the works of Riera i Sans and Gabriel Llompart on the Jewish Majorcan Map-makers of the Late Middle Ages
853:
Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1888) "Descubrimiento de una carta a marear española del año 1339, su autor Angelino Dulceri ó Dulcert",
370:, on the Dulcert 1339 Map, with blazon: Or, double-headed eagle Gules. Above the name of the city of "Scopi" is written "Servia" (
64:, the "Dalorto" chart of 1325 and the "Dulcert" chart of 1339. The latter is the first portolan known to have been produced in
1014:
1009:
232:
Among its advances in geographic knowledge, the Dalorto map gives a better picture of northern Europe (particularly the
80:
Virtually nothing is known of Angelino Dulceti/Dolcet/Dalorto/Dulcert. A common assumption is that he was an Italian of
908:
Magnaghi, A (1909). "Sulle origini del portolano normale nel Medio Evo e della Cartografia dell'Europa occidentale".
873:
Garcia Camarero, E. (1959) "La Escuela Cartografica de Mallorca", Revista General de Marina, vol. 157, p. 10-22
790:
Blázquez, Antonio (1906) "Estudio acerca de la cartografĂa española en la Edad Media, acompañado de varios mapas",
584:
Pujades (2007: p.491). This in fact had been proposed over a century earlier by P. Amat di S.Filippo (1888: 272-73)
268:
999:
969:
Winter, Heinrich (1958). "Catalan Portolan Maps and their place in the total view of cartographic development".
958:
Petrus Amat di S. Filippo (1888) "Recenti Ritrovimenti di Carte Nautiche in Parigi in Londra ed in Firenze",
471:
295:
69:
874:
127:, possibly as a commercial agent for his family's trading house, and took up the name 'Dulcert' as a more
363:
332:, and affixes a Genoese shield to mark the island (a custom which will be retained by future mapmakers).
882:
The portolan chart of Angellino de Dalorto, MCCCXXV, in the collection of Prince Corsini at Florence
841:
240:
868:
863:
Fernández Duro, Cesáreo (1892) "Los cartógrafos mallorquines: Angelino Dulceti, Jafudá Cresques",
619:
594:
626:), A. Magnaghi(1909). For a modern reprise, see Winter (1958), Caraci (1959, 1960), Crone (1962).
963:
902:
892:
858:
795:
695:
682:
669:
656:
623:
615:
611:
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568:
555:
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607:
72:. He is also believed to be the author of a third undated and unsigned chart held in London.
946:
942:
785:
329:
644:
A copy of the "Dalorto 1325" map is reproduced in Hinks (1929) and can be found online at
8:
352:
887:
Llabrés, Gabriel (1890) "Cartógrafos Mallorquines: ¿Fué mallorquin Angelinus Dulceti?",
899:
Atti del terzo Congresso geografico italiano tenuto in Firenze dal 12 al 17 aprile 1898
510:
316:
The 1339 Dulcert map is notable for giving the first modern depiction of the island of
466:
348:
108:
96:
978:
827:
502:
128:
259:
934:
652:
454:
277:
ano MCCCXXXVIIII mense Augusto Angelino Dulcert in civitate Maioricarum composuit
218:
210:
800:
Campbell, T. (1987) "Portolan Charts from the Late Thirteenth Century to 1500".
191:
Hoc opus fecit Angelinus de Dalorto ano dñi MCCXXV de mense martii composuit hoc
920:
Marcel, Gabriel (1887) "Note sur une carte catalane de Dulceri datée de 1339",
321:
291:
181:
chart commonly dated 1325 (now revised to 1330), privately held by the Prince
152:
65:
61:
47:
982:
831:
993:
437:
169:
104:
386:
267:
Angelino "Dulcert" is known for a portolan chart dated 1339 and held by the
417:
402:
390:
120:
54:
421:
394:
514:
233:
116:
366:
surviving to the present time, or discovered so far, is the banner of
239:
The Dalorto chart is also the first to depict the legendary island of
317:
284:
205:", thus the revision of the name to "Dulceto" and the year to 1330).
111:
speaks of receiving a Petraneus da Lorto, former Genoese governor of
100:
506:
287:
pages, joined together as a single map, measuring 75 Ă— 102 cm.
804:. Volume 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 371–463.
441:
186:
178:
953:
Les cartes portolanes: la representaciĂł medieval d'una mar solcada
767:
356:
336:
244:
214:
182:
140:
124:
89:
81:
51:
31:
23:
371:
367:
310:
294:, the Dulcert 1339 map is considered the founding piece of the
280:
226:
606:
For a taste of the old controversy, see Gabriel Marcel (1887:
99:"Dell'Orto" family. The latter were known to be active in the
306:
302:
272:
144:
112:
95:
Angelino 'Dalorto' was once thought connected to the notable
85:
839:
Crone, Gerald Roe (1962). "Origin of Early Marine Charts".
279:". Unlike its predecessor, it is composed not on a single
222:
812:
Italiani e Catalani nella primitiva cartografia medievale
818:
Caraci, G (1960). "A Preliminary Reply to Herr Winter".
698:). Nansen (p.229n3) connects "montonis" to the French
922:
Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de Géographie
939:
In Northern Mists; Arctic exploration in early times
123:. It was conjectured that Angelino Dalorto moved to
655:. For a detailed description see Magnaghi (1899:
362:The oldest heraldic representation connected with
991:
488:
486:
305:, and it contains features not usually found on
399:Hic dominatur Usbech, dominus imperator de Sara
60:He is responsible for two notable 14th-century
243:, as circular disk-shaped island southwest of
483:
960:Bollettino della SocietĂ geografica italiana
889:BoletĂn de la Sociedad ArqueolĂłgica Luliana,
702:(sheep), but considers alternative readings.
668:Pujades (2007), P. Amat di S.Filippo (1888:
335:Dulcert also introduces what seems like the
189:. Its signature was traditionally read as "
865:BoletĂn de la Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid
68:, and considered the founding piece of the
855:BoletĂn de la Real Academia de la Historia
221:shaped like a palm tree, the chicken-foot
16:14th-century Italian-Majorcan cartographer
173:Part of 1325 portolan of Angelino Dalorto
34:1320s), and whose real name was probably
26:1339), probably the same person known as
907:
275:, France (B.696). Its signature reads: "
258:
168:
527:Pujades (2007: p.491); Campbell (1987).
328:, a reference to the Genoese navigator
193:" (and since re-read as "Angelinus de D
992:
968:
817:
792:BoletĂn Real de la Sociedad Geográfica
492:
251:" ("isle of sheep (?) or of brasil").
884:, London: Royal Geographical Society.
838:
536:Caraci (1959), Campbell (1987, 2011).
448:
951:Pujades i Bataller, Ramon J. (2007)
928:) (Offprint published 1887, titled
501:(5). Blackwell Publishing: 403–424.
401:, "Here rules Ă–zbeg, the Emperor of
254:
164:
13:
1005:14th-century Italian cartographers
249:Insula de montonis siue de brazile
177:Angelino "Dalorto" is known for a
131:-sounding version of his surname.
14:
1026:
754:
424:, on the map of Angelino Dulcert.
92:some time in the 1320s or 1330s.
610:), P. Amat di S. Filippo (1888:
429:
410:
379:
347:(legendary names for two of the
269:Bibliotheque Nationale de France
247:. It is denoted by the caption "
814:, Rome: UniversitĂ degli studi.
741:
732:
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705:
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143:, a little down the coast from
901:, vol. 2, Florence: M. Ricci,
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561:
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539:
530:
521:
326:Insula de Lanzarotus Marocelus
88:and subsequently emigrated to
1:
1015:14th-century writers in Latin
75:
1010:Medieval Spanish geographers
782:The Dawn of Modern Geography
472:Majorcan cartographic school
296:Majorcan cartographic school
70:Majorcan cartographic school
7:
460:
10:
1031:
802:The History of Cartography
774:
139:, a small Italian town in
983:10.1080/03085695408592053
941:. New York: F.A. Stokes.
832:10.1080/03085696008592185
236:) than its predecessors.
842:The Geographical Journal
545:e.g. Crone (1962: p.114)
495:The Geographical Journal
477:
768:www.cresquesproject.net
339:islands, named here as
263:Map of Angelino Dulcert
201:to'" and "ano dñi MCCXX
1000:Majorcan cartographers
264:
174:
162:
780:Beazley, C.R. (1906)
764:at Internet Culturale
635:Pujades (2007: p.491)
262:
172:
158:
711:Beazley, 1906: p.522
355:, as found in, e.g.
330:Lancelotto Malocello
910:Memorie Geografiche
880:Hinks. A.R. (1929)
353:classical antiquity
36:Angelino de Dulceto
28:Angelino de Dalorto
810:Caraci, G. (1959)
762:Dalorto 1325 chart
651:2016-03-16 at the
646:Internet Culturale
622:, Blázquez (1906:
614:), Llabrés (1890:
449:London c. 1340 map
265:
175:
593:e.g. Duro (1892:
571:), Nansen (1911:
467:Rhumbline network
349:Fortunate Islands
217:colored red, the
109:Pope Benedict XII
84:, who trained in
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255:Dulcert 1339 Map
229:'s "hillocks").
165:Dalorto 1325 Map
115:and emissary of
107:, e.g. in 1340,
20:Angelino Dulcert
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935:Fridtjof Nansen
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760:Online copy of
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442:Kingdom of Saba
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420:, ruler of the
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219:Atlas Mountains
211:Pietro Vesconte
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62:portolan charts
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55:cartographer
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42:or possibly
39:
35:
27:
19:
18:
971:Imago Mundi
962:, Vol. 25,
820:Imago Mundi
794:, vol. 48,
422:Mali Empire
395:Dulcert map
313:portolans.
105:Asian trade
994:Categories
867:, Vol.31,
826:: 113–14.
784:. London.
397:. Legend:
387:Ă–zbeg Khan
234:Baltic Sea
117:Uzbeg Khan
76:Background
859:p.287-314
849:(1): 114.
796:p.190-237
440:, of the
364:Macedonia
318:Lanzarote
285:parchment
101:Black Sea
46:, was an
977:: 1–12.
869:p.283-94
649:Archived
461:See also
341:Capraria
311:Venetian
290:Made in
187:Florence
179:portolan
103:and the
52:Majorcan
937:(1911)
926:p.28-35
775:Sources
681:Nansen,
657:p.506ff
608:p.28-35
515:1782548
357:Ptolemy
345:Canaria
337:Madeira
307:Genoese
245:Ireland
215:Red Sea
183:Corsini
153:Catalan
141:Liguria
137:Dulcedo
129:Catalan
125:Majorca
119:of the
97:Genoese
90:Majorca
82:Liguria
48:Italian
40:Dulceti
964:p.268-
947:vol. 2
943:vol. 1
903:p.506-
875:online
786:vol. 3
700:mouton
513:
372:Serbia
368:Skopje
281:vellum
241:Brasil
227:Danube
225:, the
893:p.347
877:(PDF)
748:1340.
696:p.228
683:p.227
670:p.273
624:p.232
620:p.283
616:p.347
612:p.268
595:p.285
573:p.226
569:p.522
556:p.249
511:JSTOR
478:Notes
324:, as
303:Latin
292:Palma
273:Paris
145:Genoa
113:Caffa
86:Genoa
66:Palma
436:The
403:Sara
343:and
223:Alps
979:doi
924:. (
847:128
828:doi
503:doi
374:).
359:).
351:of
309:or
271:in
38:or
32:fl.
24:fl.
996::
975:11
973:.
945:,
912:.
845:.
824:15
822:.
509:.
499:65
497:.
485:^
405:".
199:ce
57:.
985:.
981::
914:4
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830::
685:)
672:)
659:)
597:)
575:)
558:)
517:.
505::
203:X
197:l
195:u
50:-
30:(
22:(
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