1144:
420:
929:
498:
451:
315:
984:
263:. This would have entailed him being fostered in the household of a mature knight outwith his family, where he would undergo training in horsemanship and in the use of weapons, he would care for the knight's armour and weapons, and care for the knight's horses. He would also serve the knight meals at the table. Moray is not known to have attained knighthood within his lifetime.
1138:
by far the greater part of your counties of the realm of
Scotland are still unprovided with keepers, as ; and some have given up their bailiwicks, and others neither will nor dare return; and in some counties the Scots have established and placed bailiffs and ministers, so that no county is in proper
1059:
This was a highly dubious explanation when one considers the Comyn family pacified for the Scots king the province of Moray in the early thirteenth century. It appears more likely that neither side wished to fight men that they did not consider their enemies. But if Cheyne thought he could save face
757:
English tax collectors began to impose heavy taxes on the Scots, corruptly exploiting the populace to enrich themselves as they collected the king's taxes. Cressingham had by the end of May 1297 dispatched ÂŁ5,188 6s. 8d. to the
English treasury. Edward also sought to conscript Scots, including the
995:
King Edward I while preparing to campaign in
Flanders sought to deal with the threat posed by Andrew Moray by making use of Scots nobles released from his prisons. The king issued orders on 11 June 1297 to several apparently loyal Scots lords to raise their retinues and march into the province of
1174:
The earl ... to whom our king committed the care and custody of the
Kingdom of Scotland, because of the awful weather, said that he could not stay there and keep his health. He stayed in England, but in the northern part and sluggishly pursued the exiling enemy, which was the root of our later
662:
1072:
Cressingham clearly did not believe that the Scots lords tasked with dealing with Moray had done their duty, believing they were playing a double game at King Edward's expense. He was especially dismissive of the account of confrontation at the Spey, writing to King
649:
Mar, Ross, Menteith ... have destroyed
Tindale to cinders and coals, The town of Corbridge, and two monasteries, Hexham and Lanercost, they have annihilated by burning; They have made slaughter of the people of the country, Carried off the goods driven away the
1264:
was the zenith of Moray the younger's military career. He was no skilled soldier by accident. The training for knighthood that he had received as a baron's son equipped him with the skills to fulfil a leadership role in
Scotland's feudal host.
1120:, allowing him to come to England, was issued under the king's seal on 28 August 1297. It is not known if this letter ever reached him, but if it did, it was ignored and his father remained confined in the Tower, dying there on 4 April 1298.
1273:
There is seemingly contradictory evidence about the death of Andrew Moray the younger. Two letters, issued in autumn 1297, appear to indicate he survived for some months after the fighting at
Stirling Bridge. The first letter was sent from
1353:. Nevertheless, in the late twentieth century, there was increased recognition of the importance of Moray's role in the events of 1297. One historian recently described his actions as "the greatest threat to the English government".
1340:
Andrew Moray the younger's early death has meant that his achievements have not received the recognition that he deserved. There are neither statues nor monuments to him. Moray's deeds are often obscured by the greater fame of
572:. Balliol was eventually awarded the Crown, and duly swore fealty to Scotland's new English overlord, Edward I. This decision was widely accepted by the Scottish political community, including many who had previously supported
909:. Cheyne was alarmed by the growth of Moray's rebellion, writing to the king to request assistance. In response to the king's orders to suppress the rebellion, Sir Reginald ordered his subordinates to a meeting at
1050:
An extremely ambiguous account of events at Enzie was sent on 25 August 1297 from
Inverness to King Edward by Bishop Cheyn, It relates that after some discussion, Moray and his rebel army withdrew into
1332:
In response to these apparently conflicting facts, most historians choose to believe that Moray the younger was wounded at
Stirling Bridge, later dying of his injuries sometime around November 1297.
772:
Scotland may have been easily conquered by King Edward in 1296, but outbreaks of violence soon followed against the
English occupiers and their Scots allies. These are usually dated to May 1297.
959:, advised him to surrender. Moray, lacking siege strength, unsuccessfully tried to take the castle in a night attack. He left Sir William to send an account of this mĂŞlee to his king.Urquha
477:, was in the closing years of the thirteenth century a rector of Bothwell church in central Scotland and a canon of Moray. He would subsequently be consecrated in the summer of 1299 as
1325:
or ascribes to him any role in this raid, which Walter Guisborough's chronicle says was led by Wallace. The letters issued to the mayors of LĂĽbeck and Hamburg, and to the prior of
556:
was the claimants' acknowledgement of him as overlord of Scotland. Edward duly presided over a court to assess the merits of these claims. The most serious claims were advanced by
1112:
In summer 1297, King Edward proposed to release the younger Moray's father, Sir Andrew Moray of Petty, from imprisonment in the Tower to serve in the ranks of the English army in
329:. Sir Andrew acted from 1289 as the king's chief law officer in north Scotland (the Justiciar) and may have been co-opted to the guardianship following in the premature death of
2295:
2275:
1404:
703:
which was stripped from his surcoat (thereby earning him the enduring title Toom Tabard, 'Empty Coat'). King Edward undertook an extended march across Scotland, reaching
1232:
Walter of Guisborough stated that Surrey lost one hundred knights and five thousand infantrymen at Stirling. This is likely an over estimate. The most notable death was
673:
condemned this slaughter as a "crime" and recorded that fifteen thousand "of both sexes perished, some by the sword, others by fire, in the space of a day and a half".
259:
Nothing is known of the formative years of Moray the younger's life. Similarly to other members of his social class, he likely embarked in his youth on the training for
1229:
The casualties of the Scottish army, composed largely of anonymous infantry soldiers, were unrecorded. But there was one recorded casualty: Andrew Moray the younger.
1024:, together with his brother, Alexander. The Comyn brothers, related to Moray via his mother, were to remain in the province until the rebellion had been stamped out.
590:
King Edward I became a constant presence in Scottish legal and political affairs. The Scottish political community did not welcome his involvement, and by late 1295
1313:
The inclusion of Moray the younger's name in these letters is apparently contradicted by a formal inquisition into the affairs of his recently deceased uncle, Sir
2107:
1085:
was active in west-central Scotland, a rising led by Scotland's traditional feudal leaders was underway in the south of the kingdom. Amongst its leaders were
654:
King Edward I assembled a large army on the Anglo-Scottish border for the invasion of Scotland. By 30 March it was besieging the prosperous Scottish port of
1134:
By late summer 1297, King Edward I had lost control of Scotland. The extent of the breakdown in his rule was described in a letter to him from Cressingham:
722:. Sir Andrew spent the remainder of his life there, dying on 8 April 1298. Andrew Moray the younger, a prisoner of less significance, was imprisoned in
1298:
The second was sent just under a month later, on 7 November, during a Scottish raid on the northern counties of England. It was issued to the prior of
1077:
Sir Andrew de Rait is going to you with a credence, which he has shown to me, and which is false in many points ... you will give little weight to it.
979:
a very large body of rogues swept through the province of Moray towards the Spey, destroying the lands of Duffus, laid waste and captured the castle.
447:. It was clearly intended as an unequivocal statement of his influence and wealth. Moray the younger was also heir to his uncle's lands and castles.
548:
had already unsuccessfully attempted in November 1286 to seize it in an armed coup. In this uncertain time, Scotland's leaders sought support from
1222:, this vanguard was destroyed. The bulk of Surrey's army, which had still not crossed the bridge, fled. Surrey led this flight. He galloped for
1147:
A Victorian depiction of the battle. The bridge collapse suggests that the artist has been influenced by Blind Harry's account of the battle.
605:
in March 1296 in preparation for war with England. He was likely part of his father's retinue. A part of Scottish host, led by the earls of
1226:, causing one English chronicler, Walter of Guisborough, to sneer that Surrey's "charger never once tasted food during the whole journey".
1372:, uniting the north and south branches of the Murray family. He would play a major role in leading the resistance to the attempts of King
1407:, called for a national debate on an appropriate monument to Moray. He stated that it should raise awareness of Moray's historical role.
1086:
1068:
Sire, the peace on the other side of the Scottish Sea is still in obscurity, as it is said, as to the doings of the earls who are there.
1218:
Surrey deployed the vanguard of his army across it. Moray and Wallace struck when only part of the English vanguard had crossed. In the
311:(this sea-loch was almost completely drained in the 18th and 19th centuries to bring hundreds of acres of land into agricultural use).
1321:
in November 1300 and determined that Moray the younger was: "slain at Stirling against the king." No chronicle source places Moray at
1102:
501:
A depiction of a meeting of the English Parliament in 1278 in which King Alexander III is shown sitting at King Edward I's right.
827:
and Richard Lundie. Andrew Moray the younger was also involved in the uprising against English rule. He raised his standard at
333:. Sir Andrew Moray of Petty had close personal connections to the most politically influential family in Scottish society, the
2285:
2126:
271:
The Morays of Petty was a wealthy and politically influential baronial family whose power base was located in the province of
565:
553:
762:. This plan caused widespread alarm across Scotland and further contributed to growing restlessness against English rule.
1163:
776:"In the month of May of the same year ", the Hemingsburgh Chronicle notes, "the perfidious race of Scots began to rebel."
681:
606:
799:
were in rebellion, attacking Edward I's MacDonald supporters, killing royal officials and destroying royal property. In
718:
were sent to prisons across England. The most important prisoners, such as Sir Andrew Moray of Petty, were taken to the
585:
349:
209:
152:
2043:
2270:
1244:"to the saddle, From his steed in its course fell under foot, His body was cut to pieces by the ribalds of Scotland".
545:
244:
was born late in the second half of the 13th century. The date and place of his birth are unknown. Andrew's father
1098:
1021:
1983:
Source Book of Scottish History, eds. W. C. Dickinson, G. Donaldson & I. A. Milne. vol. 1, pp. 136–137.
2300:
991:, built in the early 14th century to replace the earlier structure on that site burned by Andrew Moray in 1297.
955:
unexpectedly arrived on the scene with her retinue. The countess, whose husband was held by King Edward in the
537:, having predeceased him. The child-queen was never crowned, dying in 1290 during the sea passage to Scotland.
685:
20:
1329:, may, for reasons now unknown and unclear to us, have been issued in Moray's name but also in his absence.
232:
on 11 September 1297. He was severely wounded in that battle, dying at an unknown date and place that year.
902:
886:
769:, but sometime in winter 1296–97 he escaped and made his way back to his father's lands in north Scotland.
765:
While the Scots suffered under English occupation, Andrew Moray the younger continued to be imprisoned in
598:. King Edward was reputedly enraged by such defiance, making hostilities between the kingdoms inevitable.
443:. Its design was influenced by the latest continental European trends in castle construction, for example
1294:"Andrew de Moray and William Wallace, leaders of the kingdom of Scotland and the community of the realm."
522:
462:
2305:
2290:
2265:
1017:
796:
618:
1314:
1261:
1219:
1129:
506:
405:
330:
326:
229:
159:
66:
1214:"a narrow bridge which a pair of horsemen could scarely and with difficulty cross at the same time."
1202:
Surrey was outmanoeuvred and outfought in the ensuing battle. The key to it was the bridge over the
2280:
1275:
882:
804:
610:
526:
353:
338:
325:
The Morays of Petty possessed significant political influence. The family were loyal agents of the
253:
245:
91:
86:
792:
1361:
1256:"a broad strip ... taken from the head to the heel, to make therewith a baldrick for his sword".
677:
614:
457:, from the south-east. Construction of it was begun under the supervision of Bishop Andrew Moray.
76:
1908:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLXVIII, pp. 227–228.
874:
1899:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLXVII, pp. 225–227.
1106:
754:
were English appointees. Most of Scotland's former royal castles were held by English nobles.
1887:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLVII, pp. 211–213.
1839:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCXXXI, pp. 170–173.
1776:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCXXIX, pp. 167–169.
1373:
1207:
1167:
1005:
177:
1306:"Andrew de Moray and William Wallace, the leaders of the army and of the realm of Scotland."
2260:
1385:
1381:
1166:
finally acted against Moray and Wallace. He was subsequently vilified for this indolence.
743:
486:
8:
2140:
1431:
1396:
1377:
1249:
1233:
1061:
739:
670:
549:
534:
530:
427:, construction of which was begun by Sir William Moray before war broke out with England.
296:
249:
217:
125:
734:
King Edward's English administration in the defeated Scottish kingdom was headed by the
1346:
1318:
1223:
1001:
655:
482:
466:
699:
castle. The symbols of the Scottish kingship were taken from him, including the royal
1803:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLXXII, p. 217.
1044:
972:
943:
returned to his castle accompanied by an escort of men-at-arms. A few miles south of
940:
914:
898:
871:
832:
626:
252:(1289?–1296), and his mother was the historically-anonymous fourth daughter of
1869:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLVII, p. 212.
341:, and his second wife was Euphemia Comyn. The Morays of Petty also had links to the
321:. The stone-built bailey is a 14th-century addition to the site of Freskin's castle.
220:. He soon had successfully regained control of the north for the absent Scots king,
1436:
1389:
1287:
1094:
948:
906:
852:
831:
in the first days of May 1297. News of Moray's actions drew supporters to him. Sir
816:
573:
569:
561:
557:
518:
474:
444:
389:
300:
101:
2104:
New information on the Guardians' appointment in 1286 and Wallace's rising in 1297
1926:
Documents Illustrative of Scotland, ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, vol. 2, CCCCLV, p. 207.
975:. The devastation of Sir Reginald Cheyne's lands was later reported to King Edward
505:
The late thirteenth century was a time of upheaval in Scotland. On 19 March 1286,
2093:
2084:
2075:
1578:
Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 1178, p. 300
1416:
1342:
1196:
1082:
1013:
968:
956:
932:
918:
836:
824:
812:
719:
696:
478:
470:
454:
436:
424:
404:
and Botriphnie. Andrew Moray the younger was heir to these lands and castles.
357:
241:
225:
1587:
Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 725, p. 168
1143:
1544:
Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 307, p. 84
1473:
1441:
1237:
1090:
1009:
847:"Some evil disposed people have joined Andrew Moray at the castle of in Ross."
784:
766:
735:
723:
642:
638:
393:
292:
185:
1347:
The Acts and Deeds of the Illustrious and Valiant Champion Sir William Wallace
419:
2254:
1426:
1180:
997:
988:
928:
913:
Castle on 25 May 1297 to discuss how to deal with Moray. One participant was
497:
392:. Amongst Sir Andrew's estates at Petty were lands at Alturile, Brachlie and
318:
304:
601:
Andrew Moray the younger was part of the Scottish feudal host assembling at
594:
had renounced his fealty to the English king and entered into a treaty with
408:, the elder brother of Andrew the younger's father, held extensive lands in
2181:
2047:
1400:
1117:
1116:, if his son was prepared to take his father's place as a royal hostage. A
1055:"very great stronghold of bog and wood" "no horseman could be of service".
971:, he continued to prosecute a vigorous campaign against his enemies in the
952:
951:. Next day, Sir William found himself besieged in his castle by Moray. The
708:
704:
700:
591:
413:
369:
342:
334:
221:
213:
881:, Sir Henry de Latham, was ordered on 11 June 1297 to deal with rebels in
2233:. 3 vol., 2nd ed., eds. W. C. Dickson, G. Donaldson and I. A. Milne, 1958
1421:
1350:
1203:
1188:
1152:
996:
Moray to relieve fitz Warin and restore English authority. They included
440:
409:
377:
361:
308:
935:, which Andrew Moray sought to capture by night assault in late May 1297
676:
It had been many years since Scotland had mobilized for war, and at the
509:
died after apparently being thrown from his horse as he made his way to
1064:. Cressingham, having seen this letter, wrote to the king on 5 August:
1032:
1031:
in early July 1297, and Moray the younger met them on the banks of the
867:
622:
541:
385:
365:
1696:
Calendar of Documents, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 742, pp. 176–178.
1345:, much of which is attributable to the 11,000-line biographical poem,
897:
In May 1297 Andrew Moray the younger was leading the rebellion in the
1357:
1040:
944:
922:
910:
856:
840:
602:
373:
2001:
Taylor, 'Fighting for the Lion' in History Scotland, September 2005.
1662:
The Chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft, ed. T. Wright, vol. II, p. 237.
1279:
450:
360:, which was controlled from Hallhill manor on the south bank of the
1369:
1192:
1184:
1113:
1036:
1028:
878:
803:
the rebels seized English-held castles. There was also violence in
800:
759:
751:
634:
510:
401:
276:
46:
1395:
Moray the younger's lack of recognition has been discussed in the
823:, was murdered on 3 May 1297, during an attack on the town led by
669:
Berwick soon fell and was sacked by the English army. The English
661:
266:
2175:
1283:
356:
the head of the north branch of the family, held the lordship of
288:
280:
1360:(25 May) 1298, Andrew Moray's widow bore him a son, also named
1349:, written in the late fifteenth-century reputedly by Scots poet
314:
1812:
Broun, 'New information on the Guardians and Wallace's rising'.
1326:
1322:
1299:
1156:
983:
863:
820:
788:
780:
747:
715:
711:
for a few days, taking the fealty of a number of Scots nobles.
689:
595:
435:
due to his extensive personal wealth, was in 1296 constructing
397:
381:
284:
260:
205:
742:
was appointed Treasurer, and Walter Amersham, Chancellor. The
552:. The price of Edward I's involvement in what became known as
352:
the Moray family was established in north and south Scotland.
1365:
947:, he was unsuccessfully ambushed by a force led by Moray and
828:
272:
1860:
Calendar of Documents, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 922, p. 239.
1794:
Calendar of Documents, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 894, p. 234.
1714:
Calendar of Documents, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 871, p. 229.
1680:
Calendar of Documents, ed. J. Bain, vol. 2, no. 789, p. 182.
1356:
One legacy that is not in doubt is the birth of his son. At
1139:
order, excepting Berwick and Roxburgh, and this only lately.
2063:
Anglo-Scottish Relations 1174–1328: Some Selected Documents
1380:, to conquer Scotland in the 1330s. He was twice appointed
1043:
forded the waters of the river, on the eastern edge of the
808:
514:
1944:
Quoted in Kightly, Outlaw General, in Folk Heroes, p. 167.
680:
the Scots were overwhelmed quickly by a detachment led by
1187:
to meet him. They deployed their men to the north of the
1895:
1893:
1183:, entrusted the siege to the townspeople and marched to
1081:
While Andrew Moray seized control of north Scotland and
695:
Scotland now capitulated. Edward I deposed King John at
525:. The Crown passed to his three-year-old granddaughter,
1974:
Chronicle of Lanercost, ed. H. Maxwell, vol. 1, p. 164.
1671:
Chronicle of Lanercost, ed. H. Maxwell, vol. 1, p. 135.
1562:
Barron, Scottish Wars of Independence, pp. 33 & 204
1105:, they entered negotiations in June and capitulated at
2296:
Scottish pre-union military personnel killed in action
688:
records the death of eight thousand Scots soldiers at
228:, and jointly led the combined army to victory at the
1917:
Barrow, Robert Bruce, Fourth Edition, n. 111, p. 445.
1890:
1821:
Barron, Scottish War of Independence, pp. 19–20.
1705:
Barrow, Robert Bruce, fourth edition, p. 445, n. 111.
2276:
Scottish people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
1992:
Stones, Anglo-Scottish Relations, no. 26(a), p. 155.
1310:
Moray's name does not appear on any later document.
1364:. The child eventually acceded to the lordships of
758:nobility, into the armies being raised to fight in
665:
Image of King Edward from a contemporary memorandum
967:Although Andrew Moray the younger was thwarted at
815:and his sons led the rising. In Central Scotland,
224:. Moray subsequently merged his army with that of
212:, initially raising a small band of supporters at
2245:Under the Hammer: Edward I and Scotland 1286–1306
1848:Barron, Scottish War of Independence, pp. 35, 42.
901:. King Edward's Scots lieutenant in the area was
2252:
889:and Walter Clifford, to suppress the rebellion.
633:, 120 villages. More Scots raiders crossed from
2238:Fighting for the Lion: The Life of Andrew Moray
877:to suppress the rebels. The English Sheriff of
750:(i.e. the territories north of the Forth), and
473:early in the thirteenth century, and an uncle,
461:The Morays of Petty also had a presence in the
267:The Morays of Petty’s place in Scottish society
885:. Men were dispatched from England, including
465:. A forebear of Moray the younger, also named
2240:, in History Scotland, September/October 2005
1856:
1854:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1097:, the future king. Faced with an army led by
2154:Documents Illustrative of Scotland 1286–1306
2050:, 26 December 2009 – accessed 3 January 2010
1878:Barron, Scottish War of Independence, p. 50.
1830:Barron, Scottish War of Independence, p. 60.
1459:Barrow, Robert Bruce, fourth edition, p. 98.
1123:
892:
540:Scots nobles vied for the vacant crown. The
248:was an influential north Scotland baron and
2173:
2088:Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm
2079:Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm
1618:Oram, Kings & Queens of Scotland, p. 89
1468:Andrew Fisher, "Murray, Andrew (d. 1297)",
1060:with this letter, he failed to reckon with
1012:and whose father was currently held in the
859:, and a number of burgesses from the town.
707:on 26 July 1296. He remained in the town's
529:, the children of his previous marriage to
2120:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland
1935:Quoted in Watson, Under the Hammer, p. 39.
1851:
1683:
1565:
962:
337:Sir Andrew’s first wife was a daughter of
1785:Watson, Under the Hammer, pp. 42–43.
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
19:For other people named Andrew Moray, see
1142:
982:
927:
787:were the scenes of earlier violence. In
660:
496:
449:
418:
313:
2213:, vol. 2, Edinburgh: David Douglas
1470:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
492:
485:, and become a vociferous supporter of
2253:
2156:," ed. Rev. J. Stevenson, 2 vols. 1870
2127:The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
1513:
579:
295:during the 12th-century reign of King
1488:, pp. 99–100, 110–11
843:, wrote to King Edward in July 1297:
279:. The family traced their origins to
2208:
2141:The Chronicle of Lanercost 1272–1346
2034:Brown, The Wars of Scotland, p. 183.
1758:Scalacronica, ed. H. Maxwell, p. 18.
1278:on 11 October 1297 to the mayors of
862:King Edward I ordered supporters in
521:to be with his young Flemish queen,
339:John (I) 'the Red' Comyn of Badenoch
2225:The Scalacronica of Sir Thomas Gray
2203:David I: The King who made Scotland
2148:The Chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft
1963:The Chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft
1087:James, the High Steward of Scotland
216:in early summer 1297 to fight King
208:. He rose to prominence during the
13:
1286:, two of the leading towns of the
645:, an English chronicler, records:
619:John Comyn the younger of Badenoch
586:First War of Scottish Independence
210:First Scottish War of Independence
153:First War of Scottish Independence
14:
2317:
2231:A Source Book of Scottish History
2209:Paul, James Balfour, ed. (1905),
1965:, ed. T. Wright, vol. II, p. 301.
1091:Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow
987:The remnant of the stone keep at
921:standing on the western shore of
350:the Scottish Wars of Independence
2196:The Kings and Queens of Scotland
2122:, 4 vol., ed. J. Bain, 1881–1888
2070:The Scottish War of Independence
1472:, Oxford University Press, 2004
1376:, grandson of his father's foe,
1236:. According to the chronicle of
1162:In the late summer of 1297, the
2176:Foedera, Conventiones, Litterae
2037:
2028:
2016:
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1986:
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1947:
1938:
1929:
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1881:
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1842:
1833:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1752:
1739:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1634:
1621:
1612:
1603:
1590:
1581:
1556:
1510:Oram, David I, pp. 104–105
682:John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
629:, destroying, according to The
566:Robert Bruce, lord of Annandale
364:; the lordship of Avoch in the
291:, who was granted lands in the
2114:The Wars of Scotland 1214–1371
1953:Fisher, William Wallace, p. 55
1642:Kings & Queens of Scotland
1629:Kings & Queens of Scotland
1547:
1538:
1529:
1504:
1491:
1478:
1462:
1453:
1403:, a Conservative List MSP for
1035:at Enzie, where the road from
568:and grandfather of the future
431:Sir William, who was known as
65:Due to wounds received at the
49:, exact place of birth unknown
1:
2286:People from Ross and Cromarty
2150:, ed. T Wright, 2 vol. 1866–8
2056:
1553:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 109.
1191:, close to the old bridge at
1179:Moray and Wallace, besieging
686:Chronicle of Bury St. Edmunds
637:, burning homes and farms in
406:Sir William Moray of Bothwell
21:Andrew Moray (disambiguation)
16:13th-century Scottish esquire
1767:Prestwich, Edward I, p. 476.
1723:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 99.
1653:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 24.
1609:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 152
1260:The defeat of Surrey at the
1159:remained in English hands.
1151:Of the castles north of the
729:
240:Andrew Moray the younger of
235:
7:
1535:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 36
1526:Barrow, Robert Bruce, p. 98
1410:
1027:Thewe nobles departed from
835:, the English constable of
10:
2322:
2227:, ed. Sir H. Maxwell, 1907
2136:, ed. M. A. Anderson, 1938
2065:, ed. E. L. G Stones, 1970
1240:Cressingham, unaccustomed
1127:
1018:John Comyn, Earl of Buchan
583:
18:
2024:A New History of Scotland
1335:
1315:William Moray of Bothwell
1262:Battle of Stirling Bridge
1252:claims that Wallace had:
1220:Battle of Stirling Bridge
1130:Battle of Stirling Bridge
1124:Battle of Stirling Bridge
893:Attack on Castle Urquhart
819:, the English sheriff of
714:Scots nobles captured at
631:St. Edmundsbury Chronicle
354:Sir Andrew Moray of Petty
303:castle on these lands at
246:Sir Andrew Moray of Petty
230:Battle of Stirling Bridge
167:
160:Battle of Stirling Bridge
147:
139:
131:
121:
116:
108:
97:
87:Sir Andrew Moray of Petty
82:
72:
67:Battle of Stirling Bridge
61:
53:
42:
37:
30:
2271:Scottish Roman Catholics
2130:, ed. H. Rothwell, 1957;
2097:The Kingdom of the Scots
1598:The Kingdom of the Scots
1447:
1268:
939:After this meeting, Sir
550:King Edward I of England
527:Margaret, Maid of Norway
463:Scottish medieval church
372:situated to the east of
254:John Comyn I of Badenoch
92:John Comyn I of Badenoch
62:Cause of death
2108:breakingofbritain.ac.uk
1384:during the minority of
1095:Robert Bruce of Carrick
963:King Edward fights back
181:
90:an unnamed daughter of
2189:Folk Heroes of Britain
2174:
2144:, ed. H. Maxwell, 1913
1749:, pp. 33–34
1736:, pp. 31–32
1308:
1296:
1258:
1246:
1216:
1177:
1148:
1141:
1079:
1070:
1057:
992:
981:
936:
915:Sir William fitz Warin
875:Alexander of the Isles
849:
778:
744:Justiciars for Lothian
666:
652:
502:
458:
428:
380:; and the lordship of
322:
307:on the north shore of
189:
2301:Guardians of Scotland
2134:Chronicle of Holyrood
1405:Mid Scotland and Fife
1397:Scotland's parliament
1382:Guardian of the Realm
1374:Edward III of England
1304:
1292:
1254:
1242:
1212:
1208:Walter of Guisborough
1172:
1168:Walter of Guisborough
1146:
1136:
1075:
1066:
1053:
1022:Constable of Scotland
986:
977:
931:
845:
797:RuaidhrĂ Mac RuaidhrĂ
793:Lachlann Mac RuaidhrĂ
774:
664:
647:
500:
453:
422:
317:
132:Years of service
2194:Oram, Richard, Ed.,
1486:Kingdom of the Scots
1399:. In December 2009,
1368:, Boharm, Petty and
493:A kingdom in turmoil
412:and at Lilleford in
376:and overlooking the
1474:accessed 2 Aug 2007
1432:History of Scotland
1290:. It was issued by:
1250:Lanercost Chronicle
1062:Hugh de Cressingham
1006:Sir Gartnait of Mar
903:Sir Reginald Cheyne
740:Hugh de Cressingham
671:Lanercost Chronicle
580:Invasion and defeat
533:, a sister of King
348:At the outbreak of
297:David I of Scotland
250:Justiciar of Scotia
218:Edward I of England
126:Kingdom of Scotland
2106:, September 2011,
1319:Berwick-upon-Tweed
1238:Pierre de Langtoft
1149:
1103:Robert de Clifford
1002:Bishop of Aberdeen
993:
941:William fitz Warin
937:
851:Amongst them were
833:William fitz Warin
667:
643:Pierre de Langtoft
507:King Alexander III
503:
483:Pope Boniface VIII
459:
429:
388:, controlled from
368:, controlled from
331:King Alexander III
323:
299:. Freskin built a
190:Andreas de Moravia
2306:De Moravia family
2291:Scottish escapees
2266:Scottish generals
2211:The Scots Peerage
1499:The Scots Peerage
1317:. It was held in
1210:said that it was
1045:province of Moray
973:province of Moray
899:province of Moray
872:Sheriff of Argyll
855:, a burgess from
839:on the shores of
554:'The Great Cause'
204:, was a Scottish
192:), also known as
171:
170:
77:Sir Andrew Murray
2313:
2214:
2179:
2094:Barrow, G. W. S.
2085:Barrow, G. W. S.
2076:Barrow, G. W. S.
2072:, 2nd ed., 1934;
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1288:Hanseatic League
1234:Hugh Cressingham
953:Countess of Ross
949:Alexander Pilche
907:sheriff of Elgin
853:Alexander Pilche
817:William Hesilrig
678:Battle of Dunbar
625:. It marched to
562:lord of Galloway
519:Edinburgh Castle
445:Chateau de Coucy
439:overlooking the
390:Gauldwell Castle
345:of Douglasdale.
301:motte-and-bailey
117:Military service
38:Personal details
28:
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2281:Scottish rebels
2251:
2250:
2236:Taylor, J. G.,
2217:Prestwich, M.,
2201:Oram, Richard,
2168:William Wallace
2161:William Wallace
2099:, 2nd ed., 2003
2090:, 4th ed., 2005
2081:, 3rd ed., 1988
2068:Barron, E. M.,
2059:
2054:
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2017:
2012:Freedom's Sword
2010:Peter Traquair
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1417:Bothwell Castle
1413:
1343:William Wallace
1338:
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1197:Stirling Castle
1132:
1126:
1083:William Wallace
1014:Tower of London
969:urquhart Castle
965:
957:Tower of London
933:Urquhart Castle
919:Urquhart Castle
895:
837:Urquhart Castle
825:William Wallace
813:MacDuff of Fife
732:
720:Tower of London
588:
582:
495:
487:King Robert I's
479:Bishop of Moray
471:bishop of Moray
455:Elgin Cathedral
437:Bothwell Castle
425:Bothwell Castle
269:
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226:William Wallace
198:Andrew of Moray
194:Andrew de Moray
182:Andreu de Moray
112:Military leader
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1388:, the heir of
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1170:, said of him:
1164:earl of Surrey
1128:Main article:
1125:
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1099:Henry de Percy
1010:earldom of Mar
1008:, heir to the
964:
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894:
891:
870:to assist the
767:Chester castle
736:Earl of Surrey
731:
728:
724:Chester Castle
639:Northumberland
584:Main article:
581:
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494:
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423:The donjon of
400:were lands at
293:Laich of Moray
275:in north-east
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713:
701:coat of arms
694:
675:
668:
653:
648:
630:
600:
589:
558:John Balliol
539:
504:
475:David Murray
460:
432:
430:
414:Lincolnshire
370:Avoch Castle
347:
324:
270:
258:
239:
222:John Balliol
214:Avoch Castle
201:
197:
193:
178:Anglo-Norman
174:Andrew Moray
173:
172:
151:
148:Battles/wars
32:Andrew Moray
25:
2261:1297 deaths
2166:Fisher, A,
2112:Brown, M.,
1422:Clan Murray
1204:river Forth
1189:River Forth
1175:difficulty.
1153:River Forth
887:Henry Percy
441:River Clyde
410:Lanarkshire
378:Moray Firth
362:Moray Firth
309:Loch Spynie
102:David Moray
2255:Categories
2102:Broun, D,
2057:References
1351:Blind Hary
1276:Haddington
1109:in July.
1033:River Spey
623:Cumberland
621:, entered
489:kingship.
386:Banffshire
366:Black Isle
327:Scots king
261:knighthood
122:Allegiance
109:Occupation
2187:Kightly,
1600:, p. 218
1358:Pentecost
1041:Inverness
945:Inverness
923:Loch Ness
911:Inverness
857:Inverness
841:Loch Ness
730:Rebellion
603:Caddonlee
592:King John
546:Annandale
396:, and at
374:Inverness
343:Douglases
236:Childhood
143:Commander
98:Relatives
83:Parent(s)
2219:Edward I
1745:Watson,
1732:Watson,
1596:Barrow,
1484:Barrow,
1411:See also
1390:Robert I
1378:Edward I
1370:Bothwell
1193:Stirling
1185:Stirling
1114:Flanders
1037:Aberdeen
1029:Aberdeen
879:Aberdeen
811:, where
801:Galloway
760:Flanders
752:Galloway
697:Montrose
635:Jedburgh
627:Carlisle
535:Edward I
531:Margaret
511:Kinghorn
433:le riche
402:Arndilly
277:Scotland
73:Children
47:Scotland
1644:, p. 93
1284:Hamburg
1224:Berwick
1155:, only
1073:Edward:
807:and in
656:Berwick
650:canons.
523:Yolande
517:, from
335:Comyns.
289:Lothian
281:Freskin
206:esquire
104:(uncle)
2247:, 1998
2221:, 1990
2191:, 1982
2184:, 1816
2170:, 1992
2163:, 1938
2116:, 2004
1640:Oram,
1627:Oram,
1497:Paul.
1362:Andrew
1336:Legacy
1327:Hexham
1323:Hexham
1300:Hexham
1280:LĂĽbeck
1157:Dundee
1107:Irvine
1093:, and
1016:, and
905:, the
864:Argyll
821:Lanark
789:Argyll
781:Argyll
748:Scotia
738:. Sir
716:Dunbar
709:castle
690:Dunbar
684:. The
613:, and
607:Atholl
596:France
564:, and
560:, the
542:Bruces
469:, was
467:Andrew
398:Boharm
382:Boharm
305:Duffus
285:Uphall
2180:, ed
1448:Notes
1366:Avoch
1269:Death
829:Avoch
705:Elgin
574:Bruce
513:, in
358:Petty
287:, in
273:Moray
242:Petty
200:, or
186:Latin
1282:and
1248:The
1195:and
1101:and
1020:and
868:Ross
866:and
809:Fife
795:and
785:Ross
783:and
617:and
611:Ross
570:king
515:Fife
394:Croy
140:Rank
135:1297
57:1297
54:Died
43:Born
1302:by:
1206:.
1199:.
1047:.
1039:to
615:Mar
544:of
481:by
416:.
384:in
283:of
2257::
2046:,
1892:^
1853:^
1685:^
1567:^
1515:^
1392:.
1089:,
1004:,
1000:,
925:.
791:,
746:,
726:.
692:.
658:.
641:.
609:,
576:.
256:.
196:,
188::
184:;
180::
176:(
155::
23:.
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