1018:
36:
1124:. In some points the Republicans were only eight kilometers from the urban center. In the capital of Granada the rebel forces did not have a large number of forces and within the city they were still There are many supporters or possible sympathizers of the Republic. On the outskirts of Granada, the town of Víznar became an important strategic point for the rebels since from there they could intercept all possible Republican incursions into Granada, especially from the mountainous positions that the Republic had to the north of the city. During the rest of the contest the Republicans kept these positions under their control, which did not suffer any significant alteration. Despite its proximity to the war front, Víznar also became famous for being a place where the rebels took many of their victims to be shot.
105:
93:
1292:, which were a critical point during the attack. The republican columns, especially the one led by Pérez Salas, managed to approach the outskirts of the city, but were unable to penetrate it. Planes from the Tableda Airfield decimated Pérez Salas' column when it was barely eight kilometers from the urban center. The attack It was terminated on August 22. Shortly after, the rebellious units counterattacked and took the towns located around Córdoba; In many towns after the conquest, strong repression was unleashed. For example, in
1185:, a union congress was scheduled to be held and a large number of mining union leaders were there. The congress was suspended, but Peñarroya became the center of operations for the north of the province and for the mining militias. Although it was planned, the Civil Guard in the area finally did not join the rebels. From Peñarroya an attempt was made to reconquer the provincial capital, although the attempts were unsuccessful. to prosper and the attempts focused more on reconquering nearby towns that had revolted, such as
1014:
The arrival of reinforcements from the Army of Africa and the formation of local militias made it possible to ensure control of the rest of the province of Cádiz by the end of August. In fact, for the August 18, most of the cities or towns in Cadiz were under the control of the rebel forces. The repression in the province was especially harsh: in almost all towns there were executions. The Tercio Mora-Figueroa stood out for its actions, which conquered several towns in its advance to the Serranía de Ronda.
892:, main leader of the conspiracy in Andalusia, arrested the commanders of the II Organic Division and took control of it. Although he encountered strong popular resistance in various parts of the city, Queipo de Llano managed to dominate the urban center and the Tablada airfield. He then gave the order to the remaining Andalusian garrisons to revolt, without waiting until the 19th as planned in
1222:. Finally, the threat that loomed over the capital of Granada ended when in the middle of the month Varela's forces managed to unite the city with the rest of the rebellious area. That meant isolation geographic of the province of Malaga. However, Varela's forces did not head towards the capital of Malaga. Varela received the order to go to Córdoba to reinforce the local garrison.
1240:, made up of landowners and in charge of carrying out surveillance and repression in the rear. The bullfighter José García Carranza «el Algabeño» took charge of this Volunteer Mounted Police, by appointment of Queipo de Llano; During the time he was in charge of this "mounted police" he had a prominent participation in the repression of the rear, cooperating with Varela's forces.
1321:
decided that the mines and local industry would not be destroyed. Peñarroya finally fell into the hands of the rebels on
October 14, and two days later it was visited by Queipo de Llano himself, who gave a speech from the balcony of the City Hall. With this the rebels took control of the important mining basin in the north of the province. Although the directors of the
990:, who in a quick raid would end up taking Huelva on July 29. The rebels led by Carranza entered the city after discovering that many of the republican authorities had fled by sea. With this action, the majority of towns that went to the Portuguese border fell into the hands of the rebel columns. Next, the rebels launched themselves into the mining basins of
1189:. The local Defense Committee constituted the « Terrible Battalion", although it took a long time to be definitively organized and able to act on the front. The deputy Eduardo Blanco, who became one of the republican leaders in the north of the province, moved to Madrid to try to obtain weapons and ammunition.
1320:
The republican militias in the area were unable to stop the advance, which caused a massive flight of civilians towards
Pozoblanco, Villanueva de Córdoba or Puertollano. On the night of October 12 to 13, the evacuation of Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo was organized; the local authorities of the Popular Front
1209:
After gathering enough
African troops, at the beginning of August General José Enrique Varela launched an offensive with the intention of establishing communications between Seville, Cádiz, Córdoba and Granada. At the head of a tabor of Moroccans, composed of about 400 troops, Varela managed to cross
1300:
on
September 6, after a bloody assault by the Moroccan troops. Very broken, the Republican forces withdrew towards Montoro. This failure distanced the threat that loomed over the capital of Cordoba, while the republican forces did not launch any new offensive. Shortly after, Miaja was dismissed and
1013:
In Cádiz the rebels dominated from the first days Cádiz and its naval base, Algeciras, Jerez de la
Frontera and other important towns. There were important pockets of resistance in places like San Fernando or La Línea de la Concepción, where they even had to send the 2nd Tabor of Regulars of Ceuta.
941:
On the afternoon of July 22, the rebel forces managed to secure control of
Seville. This allowed them to have a very important base of operations in the south of Spain, as well as an important logistics and communications center. From Seville, various expeditions began to be sent to the surrounding
1312:
In mid-October the rebel forces began a new offensive in the north of the Córdoba province. Various forces were organized. A column under the command of Álvarez
Rementería attacked from Hornachuelos, while Sáenz de Buruaga's column attacked from El Vacar; From the north of the province of Seville,
1252:
was in charge of directing this column, which was nourished by military forces from
Castellón, Alcoy, Alicante, Murcia and Cartagena. All of these forces joined in Albacete, from where they marched through the provinces of Ciudad Real, Jaén and Córdoba, picking up militia volunteers along the way.
1140:
After the triumph of the uprising in the capital of
Cordoba, an important part of the province remains faithful to the Republic. Numerous municipalities initially fell into the hands of the rebels, but after the On July 21, many of the rebellious towns would once again be under Republican control:
1340:
Towards the autumn of 1936, the rebel advances in
Andalusia subsided, consolidating their conquests. Seville had constituted an important base of operations from which various rebellious offensives departed from Huelva, the Ronda mountain range, the Guadalquivir valley, Extremadura and Madrid. By
959:, which fell the next day after a brief artillery and aerial bombardment. In revenge for the murders that some leftists had carried out after the outbreak of the war, the conquerors undertook a very harsh repression: between 600 and 1,000 people were shot, sometimes entire families were executed.
868:
and the inability of the republican forces allowed the rebels to gain control of most of western Andalusia, uniting the main centers that they controlled. . However, the bulk of the rebel forces headed towards Extremadura and the central area of the peninsula, so the Andalusian front would end up
1127:
With the city surrounded by Republican territory, they tried to recover it. During the first days the government forces carried out several aerial bombardments over the city. On July 30, a column of militiamen tried to reconquer Granada by attacking the sector of Huétor Santillán, but these were
1381:
On the contrary, most of eastern Andalusia, as well as part of the province of Córdoba and almost all of the province of Málaga remained under republican control. In Malaga the Republicans had an important port. However, Málaga and its province were virtually isolated from the republican zone.
1196:
advanced on Puente Genil, a town that it managed to take without much difficulty despite the strong resistance offered by its inhabitants. Something similar happened in Baena, which after initially being dominated by an anarchist committee, on July 28 was taken with blood and fire by a column
950:
by anarchist militias, although this town would finally be taken the following day after being subjected to intense artillery fire. These movements were important, since the conquest of Dos Hermanas made it possible to secure communications from Seville with Cádiz, while Carmona assured them
1062:
These rapid advances by the rebellious columns managed, already at the end of July, to dominate a large territory that went from the Portuguese border to Huelva and Seville, and from there to Algeciras. This allowed the rebels to link together some of the original centers of the uprising,
998:, of great strategic importance. The rest of the province remained in Republican hands until the end of August. The resistance in the mining regions was very tough, despite the serious military inferiority in which the militias found themselves. On September 19, 1936, with the taking of
927:
finally on the afternoon of July 20, and managed to take full control of the city only several days later, after subduing popular resistance. For their part, Huelva, Jaén and Almería remained faithful to the republican authorities, despite the failed attempt at rebellion in Almería.
1229:, after overcoming the resistance of local militias. The column's operations extended during the months of August and September, with his troops also participating in repression work in the rear. At the beginning of September his forces returned to the south, to the Malaga sector.
1365:. In addition, the rebels had an important logistics, industrial and military center in Seville Queipo de Llano also had the Pirotecnia de Sevilla, which one year had considerably increased arms production. with the ports of Algeciras, Cádiz, Huelva and Seville—in addition to the
877:
On July 17, in the afternoon, the military garrison of Melilla unexpectedly revolted. After Melilla, the other places of the protectorate of Morocco followed, and then the day following the uprising of the garrison of the Canary Islands took place, under the command of General
1389:
was appointed commander of the Army of the South and became one of the main leaders of the insurrection zone. In fact, he ended up becoming a kind of Andalusian viceroy, given the powers he had and the broad autonomy with which he administered the Andalusian provinces.
1075:
By July 25, the rebels already controlled Granada and the surrounding towns, but they found themselves isolated in the middle of the republican zone, since most of the province remained faithful to the Republic. During the first days of the war the front line passed by
1177:
returned to Republican control after a strong fight. Despite this, several towns in the province remained under the control of the rebels. In the capital of the province, the garrison was very small and barely had support from other rebel troops.
1128:
rejected by the defenders; The militiamen withdrew, leaving behind a good number of dead and a large amount of abandoned weapons. That was the only significant Republican attempt to recover the city. At the beginning of August a flag of the
1377:
and Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo coal basin. In Seville the rebels had the important Military Pyrotechnics, while in Granada they controlled the Gunpowder and Explosives Factory of El Fargue, which was the largest explosives factory of Andalusia.
1042:
managed to cross the Strait of Gibraltar and transfer another 3,000 African soldiers to the peninsula along with all their equipment. With all these troops a powerful military column could be organized that He left Seville on August 2 and
912:(general Francisco Patxot). The uprising in the capital of Malaga failed miserably and left this province under government control; On the contrary, the triumph of the uprising in the province of Cádiz gave the opportunity to cross the
1037:
to the Iberian Peninsula. Between July 29 and August 5, the airlift managed to transport some 1,500 African troops. From that day on, the number of soldiers transported by air daily to the peninsula was 500. Furthermore, on August 5 a
1059:; the latter was captured on August 9, after which the rebel forces unleashed a brutal repression. Previously, after the uprising, the Popular Front militias had carried out 92 murders. which led to the murder of some 990 people.
1397:
was about to take place. In contrast to the situation of the previous summer, Andalusia became a secondary front although it continued to have a certain role. Within the republican zone a group of civil guards and their families
981:
with the intention of quelling the uprising in Seville. The column left Huelva and picked up volunteers on its way to the capital of Seville, but on the morning of July 19 it suffered an ambush in La Pañoleta, near
896:. A few hours later, in the city of Córdoba, Colonel Ciriaco Cascajo revolted the artillery regiment and proclaimed a state of war, managing to dominate the city. Throughout In the afternoon the garrisons of
1422:
Seidman (2011). p. 177-178: A year after the beginning of the war, the province of Seville has had the greatest industrial growth in Spain that year and also became the headquarters of several foreign firms.
1257:, where its advance was stopped. Despite its military superiority, Miaja did not launch any attack on the capital of Cordoba and he dedicated himself more to carrying out small tactical operations in the
1325:(SMMP) sympathized with the rebels, not everything was happy: the majority of workers and Technicians had fled Peñarroya and the company was momentarily left without qualified personnel.
1288:. If the city's garrison had initially been very weak, by then it had been reinforced enough to be able to resist a powerful attack. General Varela's forces reinforced the positions in
1236:
As they advanced, in the rear the rebels reorganized the police and repressive services. In some territories, a "Volunteer Mounted Police" was organized under the direction of Colonel
966:
left Seville heading east, and in a series of raids his forces managed to conquer Alcalá de Guadaira, La Puebla de Cazalla, and Morón de la Frontera. , Écija, Osuna, Estepa and
1233:
fell on September 16, causing a massive flight of civilians towards Malaga. Moroccan troops managed to prevent the militiamen from dynamiting the bridge known as new bridge.
1225:
This meant that Varela assumed control of the rebellious columns that operated in the province of Córdoba. On the way to the capital of Córdoba he conquered the town of
676:
654:
633:
970:. The taking of Alcalá de Guadaira was significant, due to its important bakery production. In another action, on July 26, Castejón's forces took the Huelva town of
189:
515:
1399:
381:
1248:
The republican government, aware that it did not have organized military forces in Andalusia, organized the sending of a column to the south. General
1322:
1017:
35:
288:
182:
2570:
814:
253:
221:
2425:
834:
109:
885:
838:
774:
647:
247:
241:
175:
924:
2551:
2494:
2475:
2415:
2387:
2363:
477:
376:
884:
That day the uprising spread to the Iberian Peninsula. At two in the afternoon on July 18, a part of the Seville garrison
767:
214:
986:, and was practically destroyed. Shortly after, the rebels organized a column under the command of Lieutenant Commander
2456:
2437:
2341:
453:
1304:
Despite sending the Miaja column to the South, the Republicans were unable to regain control of western Andalusia.
467:
420:
259:
386:
1406:
to try to link with Jaén and liberate the besieged Andújar, although the attack did not achieve its objectives.
2532:
2513:
413:
347:
1354:
1370:
1030:
991:
864:—, but most of the territory remained loyal to the Republic. The arrival of powerful reinforcements from the
460:
396:
281:
1722:
955:
fell, after which between 146 and 1,600 people were executed. On August 7, a column from Seville to conquer
274:
1193:
963:
134:
1374:
995:
738:
664:
577:
1393:
However, by the fall of 1936 the bulk of military operations were around the capital of Spain, where an
1198:
1317:. The objective was to converge in Peñarroya, conquer the town and ensure control of the mining basin.
233:
1186:
691:
472:
628:
618:
491:
229:
1166:
718:
584:
2397:
803:
696:
623:
337:
1182:
2407:
1386:
889:
750:
733:
391:
126:
97:
967:
942:
towns in order to ensure control of the capital of Seville. On the 19th they managed to conquer
599:
305:
2575:
1258:
1034:
978:
917:
865:
371:
322:
130:
1366:
1109:
1081:
1039:
798:
788:
728:
497:
317:
1362:
327:
1270:
1146:
1056:
1052:
1044:
971:
901:
681:
503:
425:
358:
311:
294:
1342:
1289:
1285:
1266:
987:
793:
352:
8:
1358:
1350:
913:
782:
755:
723:
701:
556:
544:
532:
401:
332:
2401:
1346:
1274:
1077:
999:
808:
744:
713:
659:
612:
550:
527:
2329:
853:
565:
2547:
2528:
2509:
2490:
2471:
2452:
2433:
2411:
2383:
2377:
2359:
2337:
1403:
1093:
842:
707:
605:
589:
439:
342:
199:
27:
1226:
1158:
848:
The military coup had managed to triumph in several Andalusian provincial capitals —
364:
264:
2351:
1329:
879:
762:
670:
639:
594:
537:
509:
485:
446:
430:
1296:
a local landowner murdered 300 Republican sympathizers. Varela's forces conquered
1293:
833:
refers to the set of military operations that took place in Andalusia between the
1394:
1113:
1003:
686:
521:
407:
269:
104:
956:
1314:
1170:
1129:
983:
947:
2564:
2373:
1297:
1215:
1161:
take control of the towns after massacring the most prominent right-wingers;
1154:
1142:
1105:
1253:
The advance of Miaja's forces was very slow. On July 28, the column reached
1249:
1237:
1051:. On their way they managed to conquer some towns in the mountains, such as
1048:
121:
1192:
On August 1, a column from Seville under the command of Lieutenant Colonel
1174:
1033:
had provided transport planes to the rebels to transport the troops of the
1026:
943:
1089:
2449:
The column of death. The advance of Franco's army from Seville to Badajoz
893:
1341:
then the « rebels" had managed to take control of the provinces of
1278:
1150:
1402:
near Andújar. Still at the end of the year Queipo de Llano launched a
1121:
1219:
1211:
1132:
was sent by air and garrisoned in the city to reinforce its defense.
1064:
1007:
905:
61:
1101:
1097:
1085:
909:
167:
571:
1117:
897:
861:
1254:
1162:
857:
849:
1262:
952:
2525:
Seville was the key: republic, uprising, Civil War (1931-1939)
1181:
In the core of the mining basin in the north of the province,
1230:
92:
65:
1021:
Women of Constantina imploring mercy from the rebels (1936).
869:
becoming a secondary sector during the rest of the contest.
1301:
placed at the head of the military government of Valencia.
1243:
2356:
The Spanish Civil War: Revolution and Counterrevolution
2379:
The Battle for Spain. The Spanish civil war, 1936–1939
946:. Two days later a column of regulars was rejected in
2506:
From the military coup to the Civil War: Seville 1936
40:
Women of Constantina imploring mercy from the rebels
977:From Huelva the republican authorities organized a
2446:
2562:
2403:The Spanish Civil War. A very short introduction
2350:
1010:it was considered occupied the entire province.
2328:
951:communications with Córdoba. On the 22nd also
936:
2372:
1328:This was the last major offensive before the
183:
2468:Mining conflicts in Alto Guadiato, 1881-1936
2465:
2396:
1261:area, where the republican forces recovered
931:
2424:
1369:—, and with the important mining basins of
1313:two other columns left and marched towards
2358:. The University of North Carolina Press.
2336:. Barcelona: Flower of the Wind Editions.
1047:, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel
190:
176:
962:A column commanded by Lieutenant Colonel
1323:Sociedad Minero Metalúrgica de Peñarroya
1307:
1016:
382:Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza
2541:
2522:
2484:
1404:limited offensive in the Córdoba sector
841:forces, during the first months of the
2563:
2487:The Spanish Republic and the civil war
2470:. Sevilla: Andalusian Studies Center.
1892:Solé i Sabaté Villarroya 2003 p. 32-33
1353:, as well as part of the provinces of
1067:» in the southern territory of Spain.
1723:"75 years since the taking of Huelva"
1244:Republican response: the Miaja column
908:(lieutenant colonel Manuel Coco) and
197:
171:
2503:
1400:resisted under siege in a sanctuary
1204:
13:
14:
2587:
1153:fell. On the 22nd, peasants from
979:column of miners and civil guards
2571:Battles of the Spanish Civil War
2430:History of the Spanish Civil War
1361:, and the northern strip of the
1284:On August 20, Miaja launched an
1210:Andalusia and headed to Granada.
1135:
1070:
904:(commander Salvador de Arizón),
888:against the Government. General
103:
91:
34:
2309:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1416:
1335:
1214:fell on August 12, followed by
2546:. Madrid: Editorial Alliance.
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1:
2225:García Parody 2009 p. 121-122
1429:
974:, after a brief bombardment.
872:
2135:Martínez Bande 1985 p. 91-92
2126:Moreno Gómez 2008 p. 436-470
1928:Martínez Bande 1985 p. 91-92
900:(general José López-Pinto),
7:
2447:Francisco Espinosa (2003).
1063:constituting an important «
937:Seville, base of operations
10:
2592:
2382:. Londres: Penguin Books.
2322:
2542:Seidman, Michael (2011).
2485:Jackson, Gabriel (2010).
2234:García Parody 2009 p. 122
2216:García Parody 2009 p. 121
2207:García Parody 2009 p. 121
2198:García Parody 2009 p. 121
2171:Sánchez Ruano 2004 p. 177
2072:Sánchez Ruano 2004 p. 177
1964:García Parody 2009 p. 120
1955:García Parody 2009 p. 120
1946:García Parody 2009 p. 119
1937:García Parody 2009 p. 119
1286:offensive against Córdoba
932:Development of operations
209:
153:
140:
115:
84:
44:
33:
25:
20:
2432:. Barcelona: Book club.
2297:Jackson 2010 p. 317, 439
2162:Moreno Gómez 2008 p. 415
2144:Moreno Gómez 2008 p. 483
2117:Moreno Gómez 1985 p. 246
2108:Moreno Gómez 1985 p. 243
2099:Moreno Gómez 2008 p. 528
1409:
923:The garrison of Granada
920:that would be decisive.
2408:Oxford University Press
1982:Preston 2013 p. 240-242
1838:Álvarez Rey 2006 p. 182
1739:Aróstegui 2006 p. 65-67
1712:Preston 2013 p. 217-218
1685:Álvarez Rey 2006 p. 181
1649:Álvarez Rey 2006 p. 180
1631:Preston 2013 p. 233-234
1550:Aróstegui 2006 p. 70-71
1478:Aróstegui 2006 p. 42-45
1387:Gonzalo Queipo de Llano
1367:San Fernando Naval Base
1169:also fell; On July 23,
1025:Since the end of July,
127:Gonzalo Queipo de Llano
2489:. Barcelona: Crítica.
2451:. Barcelona: Crítica.
2306:El Merroun 2003 p. 104
2279:Thomas 1976 p. 631-635
2252:Álvaez Rey 2006 p. 187
2009:Thomas 1976 p. 412-413
1883:Gibson 1981 p. 238-241
1757:Preston 2013 p. 43-244
1622:Preston 2013 p. 32-233
1595:Ortiz 2006 p. 146, 164
1469:Thomas 1976 p. 239-241
1460:El Merroun 2003 p. 104
1451:Thomas 1976 p. 402-409
1259:Valle de los Pedroches
1167:Villafranca de Córdoba
1022:
768:Sant Vicenç de Calders
116:Commanders and leaders
2466:Manuel Ángel (2009).
2334:Why July 18… And then
2261:Seidman 2011 p. 51-52
1820:Salas 2009 p. 609-610
1811:Salas 2009 p. 543-544
1667:Ortiz 2006 p. 136-139
1559:Ortiz 2006 p. 165-169
1514:Hurtado 2011 p. 19-20
1487:Salas 1992 p. 247-260
1375:Riotinto mining basin
1308:Fighting in Peñarroya
1183:Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo
1045:headed to Extremadura
1020:
996:Riotinto mining basin
916:to some units of the
318:Convoy de la Victoria
260:Cuartel de la Montaña
154:Casualties and losses
2544:The national victory
2189:Aróstegui 1997 p. 56
2180:Bolloten 1991 p. 292
1919:Aróstegui 2006 p. 68
1910:Aróstegui 2006 p. 70
1856:Aróstegui 2006 p. 70
1703:Aróstegui 2006 p. 65
1676:Aróstegui 2006 p. 65
1505:Aróstegui 2006 p. 68
1271:Villanueva del Duque
992:Tharsis mining basin
972:La Palma del Condado
902:Jerez de la Frontera
414:Ciudad Universitaria
2090:Preston 2013 p. 243
2063:Preston 2013 p. 244
2045:Preston 2013 p. 242
2018:Preston 2013 p. 250
1973:Preston 2013 p. 232
1766:Preston 2013 p. 244
1748:Preston 2013 p. 243
1694:Andrade 1979 p. 222
1658:Preston 2013 p. 217
1640:Preston 2013 p. 217
1613:Preston 2013 p. 228
914:Strait of Gibraltar
289:German intervention
131:José Enrique Varela
76:Nationalist victory
52:July – October 1936
2315:Thomas 1976 p. 536
2288:Thomas 1976 p. 684
2243:Thomas 1976 p. 417
2153:Thomas 2001 p. 368
2081:Preston 2006 p. 38
2054:Graham 2005 p. 110
2036:Thomas 1976 p. 413
2027:Gibson 1981 p. 106
2000:Beevor 2006 p. 127
1991:Thomas 1976 p. 412
1901:Gibson 1981 p. 106
1874:Gibson 1981 p. 237
1865:Gibson 1981 p. 105
1847:Thomas 1976 p. 282
1829:Thomas 1976 p. 355
1802:Espinosa 2003 p. 8
1793:Thomas 1976 p. 403
1784:Thomas 1976 p. 402
1775:Thomas 1976 p. 402
1727:Huelva Information
1541:Gibson 1981 p. 103
1532:Thomas 1976 p. 289
1442:Thomas 1976 p. 282
1363:province of Málaga
1275:Hinojosa del Duque
1023:
1000:Cumbres de Enmedio
831:Andalusia Campaign
230:July 1936 uprising
21:Andalusia campaign
2553:978-84-206-0863-1
2496:978-84-08-05500-6
2477:978-84-612-9794-8
2417:978-0-19-280377-1
2389:978-0-14-303765-1
2365:978-1-4696-2446-4
2270:Gibson 1981 p. 95
1604:Ortiz 2006 p. 146
1586:Ortiz 2006 p. 164
1577:Ortiz 2006 p. 147
1568:Ortiz 2006 p. 146
1523:Ortiz 2006 p. 144
1496:Salas 1992 p. 265
1040:convoy rebellious
988:Ramón de Carranza
843:Spanish Civil War
824:
823:
275:Cuartel de Loyola
201:Spanish Civil War
166:
165:
110:Nationalist Spain
80:
79:
28:Spanish Civil War
2583:
2557:
2538:
2523:Nicolás (1992).
2519:
2500:
2481:
2462:
2443:
2421:
2393:
2369:
2352:Burnett Bolloten
2347:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2136:
2133:
2127:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1632:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1423:
1420:
1395:important battle
1330:Battle of Madrid
1205:Varela Offensive
1199:Sáenz de Buruaga
1110:Huétor Santillán
880:Francisco Franco
510:War in the North
468:3rd Corunna Road
454:2nd Corunna Road
421:1st Corunna Road
348:Sierra Guadalupe
204:
202:
192:
185:
178:
169:
168:
135:Antonio Castejón
108:
107:
98:Spanish Republic
96:
95:
46:
45:
38:
18:
17:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2561:
2560:
2554:
2535:
2516:
2508:. RD Editores.
2497:
2478:
2459:
2440:
2418:
2390:
2366:
2344:
2330:Julio Aróstegui
2325:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1338:
1310:
1246:
1207:
1138:
1073:
1004:Cumbres Mayores
939:
934:
890:Queipo de Llano
875:
827:
826:
825:
820:
815:Final offensive
492:Cape Machichaco
222:List of battles
205:
200:
198:
196:
133:
129:
102:
90:
68:
39:
12:
11:
5:
2589:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2559:
2558:
2552:
2539:
2533:
2527:. Castillejo.
2520:
2514:
2501:
2495:
2482:
2476:
2463:
2457:
2444:
2438:
2422:
2416:
2394:
2388:
2370:
2364:
2348:
2342:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2146:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1804:
1795:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1579:
1570:
1561:
1552:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1337:
1334:
1315:Fuente Obejuna
1309:
1306:
1245:
1242:
1227:Castro del Río
1206:
1203:
1159:Castro del Río
1141:that same day
1137:
1134:
1072:
1069:
1035:Army of Africa
938:
935:
933:
930:
918:Army of Africa
874:
871:
866:Army of Africa
822:
821:
819:
818:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
778:
777:
771:
770:
765:
760:
753:
748:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
667:
662:
657:
651:
650:
644:
643:
636:
631:
626:
624:Cape Cherchell
621:
616:
609:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
575:
568:
563:
562:
561:
560:
559:
547:
542:
541:
540:
535:
530:
518:
516:Cantabrian Sea
506:
501:
494:
489:
482:
481:
480:
470:
464:
463:
457:
456:
451:
450:
449:
435:
428:
423:
418:
417:
416:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
368:
367:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
308:
303:
298:
291:
285:
284:
278:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
250:
245:
237:
236:
226:
225:
218:
210:
207:
206:
195:
194:
187:
180:
172:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
138:
137:
124:
118:
117:
113:
112:
100:
87:
86:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
60:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
31:
30:
23:
22:
16:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2588:
2577:
2576:1936 in Spain
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2507:
2504:Juan (2006).
2502:
2498:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2458:84-8432-431-1
2454:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2439:84-226-0874-X
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2374:Antony Beevor
2371:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2343:84-96495-13-2
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1729:(in Spanish).
1728:
1724:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1419:
1415:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:Cerro Muriano
1295:
1294:Palma del Río
1291:
1287:
1282:
1281:(August 15).
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:(August 14),
1268:
1265:(August 10),
1264:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1202:
1200:
1197:commanded by
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:Santa Eufemia
1144:
1143:Nueva Carteya
1136:Córdoba Front
1133:
1131:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:Cogollos Vega
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1082:Sierra Nevada
1079:
1078:Güéjar Sierra
1071:Granada Front
1068:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1031:Fascist Italy
1028:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
975:
973:
969:
965:
960:
958:
954:
949:
945:
929:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
882:
881:
870:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
817:
816:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
784:
780:
779:
776:
773:
772:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
758:
754:
752:
749:
747:
746:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
709:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
682:3rd Barcelona
680:
678:
675:
673:
672:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
649:
646:
645:
642:
641:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
614:
610:
608:
607:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
580:
576:
574:
573:
572:2nd Barcelona
569:
567:
564:
558:
555:
554:
553:
552:
548:
546:
543:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
524:
523:
519:
517:
514:
513:
512:
511:
507:
505:
502:
500:
499:
495:
493:
490:
488:
487:
483:
479:
478:Road massacre
476:
475:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
462:
459:
458:
455:
452:
448:
445:
444:
443:
442:
441:
436:
434:
433:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
415:
412:
411:
410:
409:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
392:Cerro Muriano
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
366:
363:
362:
361:
360:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
296:
292:
290:
287:
286:
283:
280:
279:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
255:
254:1st Barcelona
251:
249:
246:
244:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
228:
227:
224:
223:
219:
217:
216:
212:
211:
208:
203:
193:
188:
186:
181:
179:
174:
173:
170:
161:
158:
157:
152:
148:
145:
144:
139:
136:
132:
128:
125:
123:
120:
119:
114:
111:
106:
101:
99:
94:
89:
88:
83:
75:
72:
71:
67:
63:
59:
56:
55:
51:
48:
47:
43:
37:
32:
29:
24:
19:
2543:
2524:
2505:
2486:
2467:
2448:
2429:
2402:
2398:Helen Graham
2378:
2355:
2333:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2248:
2239:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2158:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1418:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1339:
1336:Consequences
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1283:
1247:
1235:
1224:
1208:
1191:
1187:Villaviciosa
1180:
1175:Puente Genil
1139:
1126:
1074:
1061:
1027:Nazi Germany
1024:
1012:
976:
961:
957:Lora del Río
944:Dos Hermanas
940:
922:
883:
876:
847:
830:
828:
813:
781:
756:
743:
719:Los Blázquez
706:
677:2nd Belchite
669:
638:
619:1st Belchite
611:
604:
578:
570:
549:
520:
508:
496:
484:
438:
437:
431:
406:
397:Cape Spartel
372:Monte Pelado
357:
323:Almendralejo
310:
300:
293:
252:
240:
220:
213:
85:Belligerents
26:Part of the
2426:Hugh Thomas
1057:Constantina
894:Emilio Mola
835:nationalist
789:Valsequillo
751:2nd Gandesa
697:1st Gandesa
579:Deutschland
498:Guadalajara
312:Extremadura
2565:Categories
2534:8480580003
2515:8493474185
1430:References
1279:Pozoblanco
1267:Belalcázar
1250:José Miaja
1238:Juan Seguí
1151:Pedro Abad
1049:Juan Yagüe
873:Background
839:republican
799:La Garriga
739:2nd Mérida
729:Granollers
692:2nd Lérida
665:Cape Palos
655:Valladolid
634:1st Lérida
629:Sabiñánigo
600:Albarracín
504:Pozoblanco
426:Villarreal
333:1st Mérida
295:Guadarrama
234:Revolution
215:Background
122:José Miaja
1220:Archidona
1212:Antequera
1090:La Malahá
1065:beachhead
1008:Hinojales
906:Algeciras
809:Cartagena
783:Catalonia
757:Cantabria
557:El Mazuco
545:Santander
301:Andalusia
62:Andalusia
2428:(1976).
2400:(2005).
2376:(2006).
2354:(1991).
2332:(2006).
1385:General
1194:Castejón
1094:Santa Fe
964:Castejón
925:revolted
886:revolted
724:Alicante
714:Balaguer
660:Alfambra
613:Zaragoza
551:Asturias
533:Guernica
440:Aceituna
377:Talavera
359:Gipuzkoa
328:Sigüenza
141:Strength
57:Location
2323:Sources
1371:Tharsis
1359:Granada
1355:Córdoba
1351:Seville
1290:Alcolea
1255:Montoro
1171:Posadas
1163:Montoro
1122:Quéntar
1098:Láchar
1053:Cazalla
968:La Roda
948:Carmona
858:Granada
854:Córdoba
850:Seville
804:Minorca
708:Levante
606:Brunete
590:Segovia
585:Almería
528:Durango
353:Córdoba
343:Majorca
338:Badajoz
306:Alcázar
248:Seville
242:Melilla
162:Unknown
159:Unknown
149:Unknown
146:Unknown
2550:
2531:
2512:
2493:
2474:
2455:
2436:
2414:
2386:
2362:
2340:
1347:Huelva
1263:Adamuz
1155:Espejo
1130:Legion
1102:Íllora
1086:Órgiva
953:Arahal
910:Málaga
794:Xàtiva
734:Bielsa
671:Aragon
640:Teruel
595:Huesca
538:Bilbao
522:Biscay
486:Jarama
473:Málaga
447:Lopera
432:Ursula
408:Madrid
402:Seseña
387:Guinea
270:Oviedo
73:Result
1410:Notes
1343:Cádiz
1231:Ronda
1118:Dúdar
984:Camas
898:Cádiz
862:Cádiz
763:Cabra
702:Segre
687:Caspe
265:Gijón
66:Spain
2548:ISBN
2529:ISBN
2510:ISBN
2491:ISBN
2472:ISBN
2453:ISBN
2434:ISBN
2412:ISBN
2384:ISBN
2360:ISBN
2338:ISBN
1357:and
1349:and
1277:and
1218:and
1216:Loja
1173:and
1165:and
1157:and
1149:and
1120:and
1114:Beas
1029:and
1006:and
994:and
837:and
829:The
775:1939
745:Ebro
648:1938
566:Jaén
461:1937
365:Irún
282:1936
49:Date
1055:or
860:or
2567::
2410:.
2406:.
1725:.
1345:,
1332:.
1273:,
1201:.
1145:,
1116:,
1112:,
1108:,
1104:,
1100:,
1096:,
1092:,
1088:,
1084:,
1080:,
1002:,
856:,
852:,
845:.
232:/
64:,
2556:.
2537:.
2518:.
2499:.
2480:.
2461:.
2442:.
2420:.
2392:.
2368:.
2346:.
1373:-
191:e
184:t
177:v
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