49:
528:
22:
355:
754:
has traditionally been regarded as the most reliable extant narrative source for
Alexander's campaigns. Since the 1970s, however, a more critical view of Arrian has become widespread, due largely to the work of A. B. Bosworth, who has drawn scholars' attention to Arrian's tendency to
515:. One of Arrian's main aims in writing his history seems to have been to correct the standard "Vulgate" narrative of Alexander's reign that was current in his own day, primarily associated with the lost writings of the historian
662:(327–326 BC), with a notable departure from chronological sequence at 4.7–14, where Arrian collects many of the most notorious stories tending to Alexander's discredit in a single apologetic digression (the killing of
457:
between 336 and 323 BC. Both the unusual title "Anabasis" (literally "a journey up-country from the sea") and the work's seven-book structure reflect Arrian's emulation (in structure, style, and content) of the
1155:
586:(332 BC). This book also recounts the defeat of King Darius of Persia and how Alexander treated Darius's family after his death. The trial of the Gordian Knot is also included in this book.
483:
is by far the fullest surviving account of
Alexander's conquest of the Persian empire. It is primarily a military history, reflecting the content of Arrian's model, Xenophon's
771:
The only complete
English translation of Arrian available online is a rather antiquated translation by E.J. Chinnock, published in 1884. The original Greek text used by the
331:
742:, and Alexander's own death (324–323 BC). The very end of this book concludes with speculation about how Alexander died, and whether it was by poisoning or something else.
590:
550:(336–323 BC), with a particular focus on military matters. After a short Preface concerning Arrian's sources, the seven books describe the reign of Alexander the Great.
379:
499:). Nor does Arrian aim to provide a complete history of the Greek-speaking world during Alexander's reign. Arrian's chief sources in writing the
345:
1202:
287:
90:
793:(with facing Greek text), in two volumes. The work first appeared in 1929 and was later revised with a new introduction and appendices by
776:
340:
1173:
1053:. Translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt. Revised, with a new introduction and notes by James R. Hamilton. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
1067:
763:, not to mention several passages where Arrian can be shown (by comparison with other ancient sources) to be downright misleading.
372:
1212:
622:(331 BC). The latter half of the book describes Alexander's pursuit of Darius through northern Iran, the revolt of the pretender
683:
659:
235:
1129:, with Greek and English text, edited by Jeffrey Henderson, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. Books I–IV:
827:, 2010), and translated by Pamela Mensch. The Landmark edition includes extensive margin notes and maps on every other page.
1222:
1207:
883:
319:
292:
718:(326–325 BC) is described, including the increasingly brutal violence inflicted on the local inhabitants by the Macedonians
558:
This book covers the early years of
Alexander's reign (336–334 BC), including notable descriptions of Alexander's sack of
365:
1197:
964:
1142:
1134:
179:
129:
1083:
101:
1091:
165:
148:
106:
1023:
303:
272:
547:
277:
836:
508:
198:
738:
marriages, the Opis mutiny, the multiple predictions and omens of
Alexander's own death, the death of
574:
The majority of this book is dominated by three large set-piece military operations: the campaign and
48:
437:
324:
80:
1227:
1217:
779:
170:
1111:
801:
1163:
1159:
956:
950:
790:
563:
446:
254:
158:
139:
134:
26:
1170:
1036:
491:
throne in 336 BC, and has nothing to say about
Alexander's early life (in contrast, say, to
607:
442:
8:
878:. Translated by Martin Hammond; John Atkinson. Oxford University Press. pp. xi–xiv.
615:
543:
488:
468:
450:
184:
63:
1064:
1005:
997:
504:
282:
217:
1138:
1130:
1087:
1009:
960:
879:
663:
473:
454:
309:
989:
805:
734:
The last of the books recounts the events of
Alexander's final year, including the
259:
203:
116:
1177:
1071:
873:
687:
575:
244:
193:
153:
111:
831:
559:
412:
398:
993:
783:
1191:
1115:
772:
579:
459:
21:
1181:
824:
715:
671:
222:
808:
in 1958. This edition was revised and annotated by J.R. Hamilton in 1971.
527:
85:
794:
756:
739:
711:
667:
516:
428:
1126:
933:
695:
651:
619:
611:
1001:
631:
583:
424:
861:. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina. pp. 60–114.
820:
760:
723:
691:
655:
627:
512:
492:
463:
354:
686:
of 326 BC, including
Alexander's arrival at Nysa, the battle with
432:
212:
34:
789:
Probably the most widely used scholarly
English translation is
647:
643:
623:
420:
249:
903:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–38.
472:
in seven books concerned the earlier campaign "up-country" of
834:
with introduction and notes by John
Atkinson appeared in the
699:
603:
402:
30:
735:
589:
901:
A Historical Commentary on Arrian's History of Alexander
503:
were the lost contemporary histories of the campaign by
542:
gives a broadly chronological account of the reign of
722:(notably at the Malli town), and the crossing of the
614:(winter 332/331 BC), before turning to the battle of
487:; the work begins with Alexander's accession to the
980:Bosworth, A. B. (1976-01-01). "Errors in Arrian".
602:Book three begins with an account of Alexander in
918:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–37.
1189:
1084:Alexander the Great: The Anabasis and the Indica
875:Alexander the Great: The Anabasis and the Indica
817:The Landmark Arrian: The Campaigns of Alexander,
670:affair, the pages' conspiracy and the death of
952:Alexander and the East: The Tragedy of Triumph
441:(which survives complete in seven books) is a
865:
373:
955:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
642:This book begins with describing the long
380:
366:
16:2nd century AD work by Arrian of Nicomedia
682:This book continues the narrative of the
1118:, 1958 and numerous subsequent reprints.
1026:Tufts University and Leipzig University
979:
948:
913:
898:
815:edited by Robert B. Strassler, includes
588:
526:
20:
856:
1190:
1048:
871:
684:Indian campaign of Alexander the Great
1203:Historiography of Alexander the Great
1184:, translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt
927:
925:
431:, most probably during the reign of
819:edited by James Romm (Professor of
453:, specifically his conquest of the
13:
1100:
931:
766:
14:
1239:
1148:
922:
1082:Arrian, M Hammond, J Atkinson –
353:
47:
1076:
1057:
1042:
1037:Anabasis of Alexander, Volume I
694:river, and the decision at the
646:campaign of 329–327 BC against
1213:Roman-era Greek historiography
1086:Oxford University Press, 2013
1065:the Landmark Ancient Histories
1029:
1016:
973:
942:
907:
892:
850:
791:Loeb Classical Library edition
658:, and the early stages of the
125:Conquest of the Persian Empire
1:
1156:(section 1.13–16) (pp. 18–19)
843:
606:, including his visit to the
1223:Phoenicia in ancient sources
1208:Ancient Greek military books
1169:Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri,
1154:Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri,
745:
698:not to push on further into
7:
1108:Life of Alexander the Great
1039:Loeb Classical Library 236
813:Landmark Ancient Histories,
578:(333 BC) and the sieges of
10:
1244:
1123:The Campaigns of Alexander
1051:The Campaigns of Alexander
800:An English translation by
522:
511:and, for his later books,
403:
1198:2nd-century history books
994:10.1017/S0009838800033905
935:The Anabasis of Alexander
394:The Anabasis of Alexander
1137:Books V–VII and Indica:
916:From Arrian to Alexander
914:Bosworth, A. B. (1988).
899:Bosworth, A. B. (1980).
857:Stadter, Philip (1980).
56:This article is part of
982:The Classical Quarterly
949:Bosworth, A.B. (1996).
837:Oxford World's Classics
773:Perseus Digital Library
660:campaigns in the Punjab
1160:Battle of the Granicus
1035:P. A. Brunt, Arrian –
726:Desert (325–324 BC).
594:
564:battle of the Granicus
535:
416:
102:Consolidation of power
91:Personal relationships
37:
1171:(section 4.18.4–19.6)
830:A new translation by
710:The journey down the
592:
530:
231:Expedition into India
27:Alexander Sarcophagus
24:
1112:Aubrey de Sélincourt
1022:Arrian. A.G. Roos –
802:Aubrey de Sélincourt
626:, and the deaths of
608:oracle of Zeus-Ammon
1063:Strassler, R.B. –
859:Arrian of Nicomedia
593:Arrian of Nicomedia
566:in summer 334 BC.
544:Alexander the Great
451:Alexander the Great
409:Alexándrou Anábasis
404:Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἀνάβασις
341:Cultural depictions
65:Alexander the Great
1176:2016-05-04 at the
1070:2017-03-24 at the
595:
536:
532:Alexandri anabasis
419:) was composed by
417:Anabasis Alexandri
283:Hellenistic period
38:
25:Cavalryman on the
1114:, Harmondsworth,
885:978-0-19-958724-7
497:Life of Alexander
474:Cyrus the Younger
429:second century AD
390:
389:
310:Alexander Romance
73:
72:
1235:
1125:, translated by
1110:, translated by
1094:
1080:
1074:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1040:
1033:
1027:
1020:
1014:
1013:
977:
971:
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946:
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929:
920:
919:
911:
905:
904:
896:
890:
889:
869:
863:
862:
854:
840:series in 2013.
806:Penguin Classics
775:is the standard
406:
405:
382:
375:
368:
357:
346:Islamic theories
268:Death and legacy
236:Indian campaigns
69:
68:
66:
59:
51:
44:
43:
40:
39:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1228:Ptolemy I Soter
1218:Works by Arrian
1188:
1187:
1178:Wayback Machine
1151:
1103:
1101:Further reading
1098:
1097:
1081:
1077:
1072:Wayback Machine
1062:
1058:
1049:Arrian (1971).
1047:
1043:
1034:
1030:
1021:
1017:
978:
974:
967:
947:
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930:
923:
912:
908:
897:
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886:
872:Arrian (2013).
870:
866:
855:
851:
846:
780:Teubner edition
769:
767:Modern editions
748:
634:(331–329 BC).
576:battle of Issus
562:in 335 and the
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299:Cultural impact
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107:Balkan campaign
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1149:External links
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988:(1): 117–139.
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966:978-0198149910
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1182:Sogdian Rock
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825:Bard College
816:
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804:appeared in
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788:
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749:
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719:
716:Indian Ocean
709:
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704:
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672:Callisthenes
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467:
466:, whose own
436:
408:
393:
392:
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325:
308:
223:Sogdian Rock
199:Persian Gate
18:
1162:, from the
757:hagiography
740:Hephaestion
668:proskynesis
517:Cleitarchus
509:Aristobulus
476:in 401 BC.
180:Mesopotamia
1192:Categories
1127:P.A. Brunt
1092:0199587248
844:References
797:in 1976.
795:P.A. Brunt
786:in 1907.
652:Spitamenes
620:Darius III
489:Macedonian
462:historian
332:Chronology
204:Persepolis
130:Asia Minor
97:Early rule
81:Early life
1010:170453455
777:A.G. Roos
750:Arrian's
746:Criticism
724:Gedrosian
632:Parmenion
616:Gaugamela
447:campaigns
425:Nicomedia
218:Cyropolis
185:Gaugamela
86:Education
1174:Archived
1166:edition.
1121:Arrian,
1106:Arrian,
1068:Archived
1024:Anabasis
932:Arrian.
821:Classics
761:apologia
752:Anabasis
720:en route
696:Hyphasis
692:Hydaspes
656:Oxyartes
628:Philotas
540:Anabasis
513:Nearchus
501:Anabasis
493:Plutarch
485:Anabasis
481:Anabasis
469:Anabasis
464:Xenophon
438:Anabasis
326:Anabasis
255:Hydaspes
135:Granicus
784:Leipzig
714:to the
690:at the
664:Cleitus
644:Sogdian
548:Macedon
523:Content
505:Ptolemy
445:of the
443:history
435:. The
433:Hadrian
427:in the
304:Legends
260:Mallian
213:Bactria
35:Lebanon
1141:
1133:
1090:
1008:
1002:638409
1000:
963:
882:
730:Book 7
706:Book 6
678:Book 5
666:, the
654:, and
648:Bessus
638:Book 4
624:Bessus
598:Book 3
570:Book 2
560:Thebes
554:Book 1
534:, 1575
421:Arrian
288:Cities
250:Aornos
245:Cophen
194:Persia
117:Thebes
112:Pelium
1006:S2CID
998:JSTOR
957:31–65
712:Indus
700:India
688:Porus
612:Siwah
604:Egypt
460:Greek
413:Latin
399:Greek
273:Death
166:Egypt
154:Issus
149:Syria
31:Sidon
29:from
1164:Loeb
1139:ISBN
1131:ISBN
1088:ISBN
961:ISBN
880:ISBN
811:The
759:and
736:Susa
674:).
630:and
584:Gaza
582:and
580:Tyre
538:The
507:and
479:The
293:Cult
278:Tomb
171:Gaza
159:Tyre
990:doi
823:at
702:.
610:at
546:of
495:'s
449:of
423:of
1194::
1180:,
1158:,
1004:.
996:.
986:26
984:.
959:.
924:^
650:,
519:.
415::
411:;
407:,
401::
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1012:.
992::
969:.
938:.
888:.
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