202:
811:, and Alexander sent a herald to tell the defenders that if they looked up, they would see that he had found his winged men. The defenders were so surprised and demoralised by this that they surrendered, even though they outnumbered the mountaineers by a hundred to one and Alexander's main force still had no way to reach the summit. The defenders had thought that the Rock was impregnable, and with one bold stroke Alexander showed them how wrong they were. The enemy's quick surrender validated Alexander's insightful use of psychological warfare.
547:
683:
479:
496:
564:
649:
581:
530:
598:
700:
513:
615:
632:
666:
441:
448:
455:
209:
857:(section 4.18.4-19.6). However P. J. Rhodes points out that "this version produces a very empty 328 and a very full early 327, so we should probably prefer the alternative tradition. In this second tradition instead of the Sogdian Rock and the Rock of Chorienes the same stratagems are used against the Rock of Arimazes and the Rock of Sisimithres in the summer of 328".
822:
From
Sogdian Rock, Alexander advanced into Parsetakene which contained another supposedly impregnable craggy fortress known as the Rock of Chorienes, but it was no match for Alexander and it was soon captured. From there Alexander went to
806:
lines, they climbed the cliff face at night, losing about 30 of their number during the ascent. In accordance with
Alexander's orders, they signalled their success to the troops below by waving bits of
798:
Alexander asked for volunteers, whom he would reward if they could climb the cliffs under the fortress. There were some 300 men who from previous sieges had gained experience in rock-climbing. Using
819:
Alexander is said to have fallen in love with Roxane on sight. The
Macedonians claimed that Roxane was "the loveliest woman they had seen in Asia, with the one exception of Darius' wife".
716:
257:
831:
with a division of the
Macedonian army to complete the pacification of Parsetakene. Alexander remained at Bactra, preparing for his expedition across the
222:
201:
250:
990:
243:
847:
The story of the siege of the
Sogdian Rock is told in many histories, but it is based on the history written by the Greek historian
1124:
393:
790:
When
Alexander asked the defenders to surrender, they refused, telling him that he would need "men with wings" to capture it.
74:
288:
1106:
1084:
1062:
281:
1139:
1097:, Dorset Oress Reprints Series (2, reprint, illustrated ed.), Barnes & Noble Publishing, pp.
873:
Sogdian Rock was located in the northern hemisphere so this would have been in the first quarter of 327 BC.
478:
17:
267:
134:
41:
447:
1134:
580:
563:
440:
361:
355:
783:, to take refuge in the fortress, as it was thought to be impregnable, and was provisioned for a long
848:
1075:, Blackwell History of the Ancient World, vol. 11 (2 ed.), John Wiley & Sons, p.
631:
343:
1000:
699:
648:
512:
412:
337:
325:
313:
1076:
1041:
1098:
1054:
940:
1004:
1093:
Savill, Agnes (1990), "Chapter VI: The Rocks to the
Hydaspes, Winter 328 to May 326 B.C.",
8:
757:
597:
433:
349:
158:
1027:
995:
853:
546:
373:
367:
1102:
1080:
1058:
761:
139:
682:
495:
418:
319:
300:
235:
1129:
1022:
665:
529:
400:
331:
294:
1118:
89:
76:
385:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
832:
614:
379:
68:
749:
902:
828:
799:
772:
753:
745:
163:
145:
64:
776:
741:
1018:
986:
824:
780:
406:
836:
808:
784:
760:
in the early spring of 327 BC as part of his conquest of the
930:
928:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
803:
925:
881:
29:
Alexander the Great's siege of
Sogdian fortress (327 BC)
952:
1073:
A History of the
Classical Greek World: 478 – 323 BC
964:
265:
839:. It was while in Bactra that he married Roxana.
779:had sent his wife and daughters, one of whom was
1116:
949:, Section 21: Capture of the Rock of Chorienes.
1023:"Section 21: Capture of the Rock of Chorienes"
1049:Horn, LT Bernd; Spencer, Emily, eds. (2012),
251:
1048:
1031:, vol. 4b, translated by Chinnock, E.J
896:
258:
244:
867:
14:
1117:
1092:
1070:
1040:, vol. 12, John Murray, pp.
1017:
985:
970:
958:
946:
919:
1051:No Easy Task: Fighting in Afghanistan
1035:
934:
239:
208:
24:
25:
1151:
842:
1095:Alexander the Great and His Time
756:, was captured by the forces of
698:
681:
664:
647:
630:
613:
596:
579:
562:
545:
528:
511:
494:
477:
453:
446:
439:
207:
200:
1125:Battles of Alexander the Great
740:, a fortress located north of
13:
1:
1053:, Dundurn Press Ltd, p.
979:
767:
814:
226:Location of the Sogdian Rock
7:
119:Alexander captures Sogdiana
42:Wars of Alexander the Great
10:
1156:
277:
195:
182:
169:
152:
127:
47:
39:
35:Siege of the Sogdian Rock
34:
860:
793:
897:Horn & Spencer 2012
1071:Rhodes, P. J. (2011),
1036:Grote, George (1856),
922:, section 4.18.4-19.6.
153:Commanders and leaders
1001:Sélincourt, Aubrey de
991:"section 4.18.4-19.6"
183:Casualties and losses
1140:Ancient Central Asia
726: current battle
223:class=notpageimage|
1038:A history of Greece
937:, p. 289, 290.
849:Arrian of Nicomedia
758:Alexander the Great
434:Alexander the Great
394:Indian subcontinent
270:Alexander the Great
159:Alexander the Great
86: /
961:, pp. 91, 92.
109:Macedonian victory
1135:320s BC conflicts
762:Achaemenid Empire
738:Rock of Ariamazes
428:
427:
234:
233:
140:League of Corinth
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
1147:
1111:
1089:
1067:
1045:
1032:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1003:, archived from
999:, translated by
974:
968:
962:
956:
950:
944:
938:
932:
923:
917:
900:
894:
874:
871:
725:
718:
712:
707:
702:
695:
690:
685:
678:
673:
668:
661:
656:
651:
644:
639:
634:
627:
622:
617:
610:
605:
600:
593:
588:
583:
576:
571:
566:
559:
554:
549:
542:
537:
532:
525:
520:
515:
508:
503:
498:
491:
486:
481:
474:
469:
464:
457:
456:
450:
443:
419:Mallian campaign
272:
260:
253:
246:
237:
236:
211:
210:
204:
101:
100:
98:
97:
96:
91:
87:
84:
83:
82:
79:
49:
48:
32:
31:
21:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1087:
1065:
1010:
1008:
982:
977:
969:
965:
957:
953:
945:
941:
933:
926:
918:
903:
895:
882:
878:
877:
872:
868:
863:
845:
817:
796:
770:
730:
729:
728:
727:
723:
720:
719:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
458:
454:
451:
444:
436:
429:
424:
273:
269:
266:
264:
230:
229:
228:
227:
225:
219:
218:
217:
216:
212:
191:Presumably none
138:
115:
94:
92:
88:
85:
80:
77:
75:
73:
72:
71:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1153:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1090:
1085:
1068:
1063:
1046:
1033:
1015:
981:
978:
976:
975:
973:, p. 257.
963:
951:
939:
924:
901:
879:
876:
875:
865:
864:
862:
859:
844:
843:Historiography
841:
827:while he sent
816:
813:
795:
792:
769:
766:
722:
721:
714:
709:
704:
697:
692:
687:
680:
675:
670:
663:
658:
653:
646:
641:
636:
629:
624:
619:
612:
607:
602:
595:
590:
585:
578:
573:
568:
561:
556:
551:
544:
539:
534:
527:
522:
517:
510:
505:
500:
493:
488:
483:
476:
471:
466:
459:
452:
445:
438:
437:
432:
431:
430:
426:
425:
423:
422:
416:
410:
404:
397:
396:
390:
389:
383:
377:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
341:
335:
329:
323:
317:
310:
309:
305:
304:
298:
292:
285:
284:
278:
275:
274:
263:
262:
255:
248:
240:
232:
231:
221:
220:
214:
213:
206:
205:
199:
198:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
185:
184:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
167:
166:
161:
155:
154:
150:
149:
142:
130:
129:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
67:, present-day
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
37:
36:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1152:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1110:
1108:9780880295918
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1086:9781444358582
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1064:9781459701649
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1007:on 2016-05-04
1006:
1002:
998:
997:
992:
988:
984:
983:
972:
967:
960:
955:
948:
943:
936:
931:
929:
921:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
899:, p. 40.
898:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
880:
870:
866:
858:
856:
855:
850:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
820:
812:
810:
805:
801:
791:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
717:
701:
684:
667:
650:
633:
616:
599:
582:
565:
548:
531:
514:
497:
480:
449:
442:
435:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
398:
395:
392:
391:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
326:Halicarnassus
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
311:
307:
306:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
286:
283:
280:
279:
276:
271:
261:
256:
254:
249:
247:
242:
241:
238:
224:
203:
194:
190:
187:
186:
181:
177:
174:
173:
168:
165:
162:
160:
157:
156:
151:
148:
147:
143:
141:
137:
136:
132:
131:
126:
118:
113:
112:
108:
105:
104:
99:
90:40.4°N 69.4°E
70:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
1094:
1072:
1050:
1037:
1026:
1009:, retrieved
1005:the original
994:
966:
954:
942:
869:
852:
846:
821:
818:
797:
789:
771:
752:), ruled by
737:
734:Sogdian Rock
733:
731:
553:Persian Gate
536:Sogdian Rock
386:Sogdian Rock
362:Persian Gate
356:Uxian Defile
289:Mount Haemus
268:Campaigns of
215:Sogdian Rock
144:
133:
128:Belligerents
40:Part of the
26:
18:Sogdian Rock
971:Rhodes 2011
959:Savill 1990
947:Arrian 1893
920:Arrian 1958
802:and strong
114:Territorial
93: /
1119:Categories
1011:2020-03-26
980:References
935:Grote 1856
833:Hindu-Kush
768:Background
604:Alexandria
95:40.4; 69.4
69:Tajikistan
851:, in his
815:Aftermath
800:tent pegs
750:Samarkand
587:Gaugamela
368:Cyropolis
350:Gaugamela
1028:Anabasis
1021:(1893),
996:Anabasis
989:(1958),
854:Anabasis
829:Craterus
773:Oxyartes
754:Arimazes
746:Sogdiana
689:Granicus
502:Hydaspes
463:820miles
421:(326 BC)
415:(326 BC)
413:Hydaspes
409:(326 BC)
403:(327 BC)
388:(327 BC)
382:(328 BC)
376:(329 BC)
374:Jaxartes
370:(329 BC)
364:(330 BC)
358:(331 BC)
352:(331 BC)
346:(332 BC)
340:(332 BC)
334:(333 BC)
328:(334 BC)
322:(334 BC)
316:(334 BC)
314:Granicus
303:(335 BC)
297:(335 BC)
291:(335 BC)
170:Strength
164:Arimazes
146:Sogdiana
65:Sogdiana
60:Location
777:Bactria
742:Bactria
672:Miletus
485:Malavas
468:Babylon
320:Miletus
282:Balkans
178:Unknown
135:Macedon
116:changes
81:69°24′E
78:40°24′N
1130:327 BC
1105:
1101:, 93,
1083:
1061:
1019:Arrian
987:Arrian
825:Bactra
804:flaxen
781:Roxane
748:(near
724:
570:Uxians
519:Cophen
461:1200km
407:Aornos
401:Cophen
308:Persia
301:Thebes
295:Pelium
106:Result
55:327 BC
1044:, 290
861:Notes
837:India
835:into
809:linen
794:Siege
785:siege
706:Pella
655:Issus
380:Gabai
332:Issus
1103:ISBN
1081:ISBN
1059:ISBN
732:The
638:Tyre
621:Gaza
344:Gaza
338:Tyre
52:Date
1077:257
1042:289
775:of
744:in
736:or
175:300
1121::
1099:90
1079:,
1057:,
1055:40
1025:,
993:,
927:^
904:^
883:^
787:.
764:.
558:10
541:11
524:12
507:13
490:14
473:15
188:30
711:1
694:2
677:3
660:4
643:5
626:6
609:7
592:8
575:9
259:e
252:t
245:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
