455:(850 AM), which would be devoted entirely to R&B recordings, with Freed as host. On July 11, 1951, Freed began playing rhythm and blues records on WJW. While R&B records were played for many years on lower-powered, inner city radio stations aimed at African-Americans, this is arguably the first time that authentic R&B was featured regularly on a major, mass audience station. Freed called his show "The Moondog House" and billed himself as "The King of the Moondoggers". He had been inspired by an instrumental piece called "Moondog Symphony" that had been recorded by New York-based composer and street musician Louis T. Hardin, known professionally as
514:. Hardin, the original Moondog, later took a court action suit against WINS for damages against Freed for infringement in 1956, arguing prior claim to the name "Moondog", under which he had been composing since 1947. Hardin collected a $ 6,000 judgment from Freed, as well as an agreement to give up further usage of the name Moondog. Freed left the station in May 1958 "after a riot at a dance in Boston featuring Jerry Lee Lewis". WINS eventually became an around-the-clock Top 40 rock and roll radio station, and would remain so until April 19, 1965, long after Freed left and three months after he had died—when it became an all-news outlet.
448:(channel 9, now WJW channel 8) in the middle of 1950 as an announcer, Freed moved to Cleveland, which at 39 miles (63 km) from Akron was within the range of the still in force non-compete clause. However, in April, through the help of William Shipley, RCA's Northern Ohio distributor, he was released from the non-compete clause. He was then hired by WJW radio for a midnight program sponsored by Main Line, the RCA Distributor, and Record Rendezvous. Freed peppered his speech with hipster language, and, with a rhythm and blues record called "Moondog" as his theme song, broadcast R&B hits into the night.
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364:. The lyrics include the line, "I rock 'em, roll 'em all night long", however, Freed did not accept that inspiration (or that meaning of the expression) in interviews, and explained his view of the term as follows: "Rock 'n roll is really swing with a modern name. It began on the levees and plantations, took in folk songs, and features blues and rhythm".
486:. This event is now considered to have been the first major rock and roll concert. Crowds attended in numbers far beyond the arena's capacity, and the concert was shut down early due to overcrowding and a near-riot. Freed gained notoriety from the incident. WJW immediately increased the airtime allotted to Freed's program, and his popularity soared.
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He helped bridge the gap of segregation among young teenage
Americans, presenting music by black artists (rather than cover versions by white artists) on his radio program, and arranging live concerts attended by racially mixed audiences. Freed appeared in several motion pictures as himself. In the
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On August 22, 1943, Freed married first wife Betty Lou Bean. They had two children, daughter Alana (deceased) and son Lance. They divorced on
December 2, 1949. On August 12, 1950, Freed married Marjorie J. Hess. They also had two children, daughter Sieglinde and son Alan Freed, Jr. They divorced on
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Freed's importance to the musical genre is confirmed by his induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and his 1991 star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame. The DJ was also inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1988. The organization's Web page states that "despite his personal tragedies, Freed’s
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in 2015 recalled "Freed’s sizable contributions to rock 'n' roll and to teenagers' more tolerant view of integration in the 1950s". The publication praised the help he gave to "hundreds of black and white artists" and said that "his tireless efforts helped create thousands of jobs for studio
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Alan Freed has secured a place in
American music history as the first important rock 'n' roll disc jockey. His ability to tap into and promote the emerging black musical styles of the 1950s to a white mainstream audience is seen as a vital step in rock's increasing dominance over American
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created a fictionalized account of Freed's last days in New York radio by using real-life elements outside of their actual chronology, the film does accurately convey the fond relationship between Freed, the musicians he promoted, and the audiences who listened to them. The film starred
824:(payments from record companies to play specific records), a practice that was highly controversial at the time. He initially denied taking payola but later admitted to his fans that he had accepted bribes. Freed refused to sign a statement for the FCC while working at
441:. Record Rendezvous, one of Cleveland's largest record stores, had begun selling rhythm and blues records. Mintz told Freed that he had noticed increased interest in the records at his store, and encouraged him to play them on the radio. In 1951, having already joined
241:. His "role in breaking down racial barriers in U.S. pop culture in the 1950s, by leading white and black kids to listen to the same music, put the radio personality 'at the vanguard' and made him 'a really important figure'", according to the executive director.
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on July 12, 1957. The show was scheduled for a summer run, with the understanding that if there were enough viewers, it would continue into the 1957–58 television season. Although the ratings for the show were strong, it was suddenly terminated.
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were often welcomed with tremendous enthusiasm by teenagers because they brought visual depictions of their favorite
American acts to the big screen, years before music videos would present the same sort of image on the small television screen.
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In 1958, Freed faced controversy in Boston when he told the audience, "It looks like the Boston police don't want you to have a good time." As a result, Freed was arrested and charged with inciting to riot, and was fired from his job at WINS.
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In those days, Cleveland was considered by the music industry to be a "breakout" city, where national trends first appeared in a regional market. Freed's popularity made the pop music business take notice. Soon, tapes of Freed's program,
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Freed was the first radio disc jockey and concert producer who frequently played and promoted rock and roll; he popularized the phrase "rock and roll" on mainstream radio in the early 1950s. (The term already existed and had been used by
463:, who tended to sound more subdued and low-key in manner. He addressed his listeners as if they were all part of a make-believe kingdom of hipsters, united in their love for black music. He also began popularizing the phrase "
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Alan Freed did not coin the phrase rock and roll; however, by way of his radio show, he popularized it and redefined it. Once slang for sex, it came to mean a new form of music. This music had been around for several years,
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was seen on TV dancing with a white audience member". Two more episodes were aired but the show was suddenly cancelled. Some sources indicate that the cancellation was triggered by an uproar among ABC's local affiliates in
374:, Freed tells the audience that "rock and roll is a river of music which has absorbed many streams: rhythm and blues, jazz, ragtime, cowboy songs, country songs, folk songs. All have contributed greatly to the big beat."
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One source said that "No man had as much influence on the coming culture of our society in such a short period of time as Alan Freed, the real King of Rock n Roll". Another source summarized his contribution as follows:
850:". Taking partial credit allowed him to receive part of a song's royalties, which he could help increase by heavily promoting the record on his own program. Berry was eventually able to regain the writing credit.
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Earlier, in 1956, Freed had hosted "The Camel Rock and Roll Dance Party", so named for the sponsor Camel cigarettes. The half hour program headlined Count Basie and his
Orchestra and later
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By the middle of the 20th century, the phrase "rocking and rolling" was slang for sex in the black community but Freed liked the sound of it and felt the words could be used differently.
962:. On August 1, 2014, the Hall of Fame asked Alan Freed's son, Lance Freed, to remove the ashes permanently, which he did. The Freed family later interred his ashes at Cleveland's
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yet took a writing credit for it and received the royalties. Maybellene .... Mr. Berry went to court eventually and succeeded in having Mr. Freed's name removed as co-writer.
402:. Freed also had brief run-ins with management and was at one point temporarily fired for violating studio rules and failing to show up for work for several days in a row.
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He began drinking heavily ... he was accused of taking lucrative songwriting credits for songs that were actually written by members of the young groups he championed.
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Mr. Jackson, who wrote the Freed biography, said that two members of the virtuoso group the
Moonglows told him that Mr. Freed had no involvement with their big hit
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starting in May 1958 but was fired from that station on
November 21, 1959, after refusing to sign a statement for the FCC that he had never accepted payola bribes.
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Because of the negative publicity from the payola scandal, no prestigious station would employ Freed, and he moved to the West Coast in 1960, where he worked at
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Later that year, Freed promoted dances and concerts featuring the music he was playing on the radio. He was one of the organizers of a five-act show called "
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425:; Berk's successful implementation of the non-compete is now recognized within the industry as a model for broadcasters regarding on-air talent contracts.
421:(1350 AM) several days later, Berk and WAKR sued Freed to enforce the clause. Freed repeatedly lost in court, even after appealing his case to the
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and ordered to pay $ 37,920 in taxes on income he had allegedly not reported. Most of that income was said to be from payola sources.
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scandal that hit the broadcasting industry, as well as by allegations of taking credit for songs he did not write and by his chronic
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musical Rock & Roll Man follows Freed's rise and influence in radio using various songs that he played on the radio.
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with the
Trustees Award. In 2017 he was inducted into the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame in Detroit, Michigan.
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in 1991. The organization's website posted this note: "He became internationally known for promoting
African-American
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2397:"ALAN FREED IS OUT IN 'PAYOLA' STUDY; Disk Jockey Refuses to Sign WABC Denial on Principle – Says He Took No Bribes"
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Several sources suggest that he first discovered the term (as a euphemism for sexual intercourse) on the record "
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Freed appeared in several motion pictures that presented many of the big musical acts of his day, including:
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allegations, that he had taken songwriting co-credits that he did not deserve. The most notable example was
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July 25, 1958. On August 8, 1958, Freed married Inga Lil Boling. They remained together until his death.
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295:. Freed's initial ambition was to be a bandleader; however, an ear infection put an end to that dream.
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2508:"November 21, 1959: Alan Freed, Originator of the Term "Rock and Roll" is Fired from His Job as a DJ!"
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Freed also appeared in a number of pioneering rock and roll motion pictures during this period. These
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inserted by owner S. Bernard Berk, preventing Freed from working at any station within a radius of 75
2266:"Alan Freed and His Rock and Roll Band – Rock and Roll Boogie (from the movie Rock Rock Rock – 1956)"
1139:" as one of the band's idols. Other songs that reference Freed include "The King of Rock 'n Roll" by
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At the height of his popularity in 1948, Freed signed a contract extension with WAKR that included a
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and His Orchestra, and featured weekly rock n roll guests such as LaVern Baker, Clyde McPhatter and
2734:"Alan Freed's ashes, evicted from Rock Hall, have a final resting place of prominence in Cleveland"
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905:. In 1962, after KDAY refused to allow him to promote "rock and roll" stage shows, Freed moved to
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In 1960, payola was made illegal. In December 1962, after being charged on multiple counts of
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1875:. Vol. 62, no. 8. The Billboard Publishing Company. February 25, 1950. p. 16
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innovations helped make rock and roll and the Top-40 format permanent fixtures of radio".
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musicians, engineers, record producers, concert promoters and instrument manufacturers".
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749:. Chuck Berry also played Freed's pal and sidekick, a groundbreaking role in those days.
529:. The radio program was also referred to as "Alan Freed's Rock 'n' Roll Dance Party" on
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1906:. Vol. 62, no. 9. The Billboard Publishing Company. March 4, 1950. p. 20
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music on the radio in the United States and Europe under the name of rock and roll".
954:. In March 2002, Judith Fisher Freed, his daughter-in-law, carried his ashes to the
865:, also claimed that Freed had wrongly taken writing credit for some of their songs.
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was inspired by Freed's contribution to the rock and roll scene. Although director
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During this period, Freed was seen on other popular programs of the day, including
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1051:. In 1998, The Official Website of Alan Freed went online with the jumpstart from
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1325:"Son of DJ Alan Freed says Rock Hall of Fame no longer want his cremated remains"
1268:"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ousts DJ Alan Freed's ashes, adds Beyonce's leotards"
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Freed's career was significantly affected when it was shown that he had accepted
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The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present
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1413:"Alan Freed, the disc jockey known as "Moondog," was born 98 years ago today"
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produced and published a humorous commentary for the 1956 musical drama film
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1078:", and was portrayed by Mitchell Butel in its television adaptation for the
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In July 1954, following his success on the air in Cleveland, Freed moved to
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An archived sample of Freed's introduction on the Moondog Show was used by
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On January 23, 1986, Freed was part of the first group inducted into the
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306:, Freed landed broadcasting jobs at smaller radio stations, including
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2193:"Rhino Factoids: Alan Freed's Rock 'n' Roll Dance Party | Rhino"
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to state that he never received bribes. That led to his termination.
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The Pied Pipers of Rock and Roll: Radio Deejays of the 50s and 60s
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Rock Around the Clock: The Record That Started the Rock Revolution
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in Cleveland. In 1988, he was also posthumously inducted into the
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summarized the end of the program as follows. "Four episodes into
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Big Beat Heat: Alan Freed and the Early Years of Rock & Roll
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Flowers in the Dustbin: The Rise of Rock and Roll, 1947–1977
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mini-series. He was the subject of a 1999 television movie,
1022:, performing in the recording studio and concert sequences.
226:(December 15, 1921 – January 20, 1965) was an American
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Cemeteries of Northeast Ohio: Stones, Symbols & Stories
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Moondog, The Viking of 6th Avenue: The Authorized Biography
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beneath a jukebox-shaped memorial featuring Freed's image.
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insisted Freed's name was not merely a credit on the song "
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3139:
Rock Eras: Interpretations of Music and Society, 1954–1984
3036:"Alan Freed: More Than Just The Man Who Named Rock N Roll"
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Stopher, Robert H.; Jackson, James S. (February 8, 1948).
330:), where, in 1945, he became a local favorite for playing
2773:"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame to remove Alan Freed's ashes"
2054:"'Moondog' Alan Freed dead at 43: Life Stories Revisited"
1038:
451:
Mintz proposed buying airtime on Cleveland radio station
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American disc jockey and rock-and-roll figure (1921–1965)
2799:"Alan Freed, 'father of rock,' gets a memorial in stone"
2128:"Alan Freed's Rock 'N' Roll Dance Party .. Episodic log"
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He subsequently arrived at a small Los Angeles station,
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In the early 1960s, Freed's career was destroyed by the
1601:"Local history: Before they were stars, they were ours"
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In 1964 Freed was indicted by a federal grand jury for
861:" and that he did actually co-write it. Another group,
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McCarty, James F.; Dealer, The Plain (March 1, 2016).
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Los Angeles Radio People, Where are They Now? – F
1033:. On December 10, 1991, Freed was given a star on the
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https://catalog.afi.com/Film/52285-MISTER-ROCKANDROLL
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archives as well as a home page biography written by
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Small. Daytime-only at the time. Though it did have
1636:"A Personal Message From Alan Freed (Advertisement)"
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as a disc jockey with a loose resemblance to Freed.
433:
In the late 1940s, while working at WAKR, Freed met
2848:. National Radio Hall Of Fame. 2017. Archived from
2709:
The Best Guide Ever to Palm Springs Celebrity Homes
2362:"How the world's first rock concert ended in chaos"
2029:"How the world's first rock concert ended in chaos"
1923:
1921:
1197:, in which Freed appeared on as a show presenter.
927:Living in the Racquet Club Estates neighborhood of
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2754:. Cleveland, OH: Gray & Company, Publishers.
1063:. On February 26, 2002, Freed was honored at the
920:area for a short stint at the Long Beach station
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3236:Rock 'N' Film: Cinema's Dance with Popular Music
2711:. Horatio Limburger Oglethorpe. pp. 41–43.
2602:"Alan Freed to Play Disks On Miami Station WQAM"
2449:"Radio: How a disgraced DJ made his way to KDAY"
2233:"Radio: How a disgraced DJ made his way to KDAY"
1929:"Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, Rock'n'Roll"
1918:
811:
2939:
2916:"The Man Who Knew It Wasn't Only Rock 'n' Roll"
1895:"Court Slaps Ban On Alan Freed In Jockey Fight"
1353:"The Man Who Knew It Wasn't Only Rock 'n' Roll"
1171:, and "This Is Not Goodbye, Just Goodnight" by
547:(1580 AM) and worked there for about one year.
3375:https://catalog.afi.com/Person/8764-Alan-Freed
1780:
753:Freed was given a weekly primetime TV series,
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3318:. Cleveland: Gray & Company, Publishers.
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1818:
1816:
1814:
1664:
3713:United States Army personnel of World War II
2824:"Alan Freed – 1986 – Category:Non-Performer"
2142:"The Alan Freed Collection 1956 (LP Side 1)"
1231:inducted Alan Freed into the class of 2017.
684:featuring Freed, Bill Haley and His Comets,
353:as early as 1946, but it remained obscure.)
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2945:"60's Payola Is His First Taste of America"
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2020:
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1006:as Freed and included cameo appearances by
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3658:American people of Russian-Jewish descent
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2671:, Alanfreed.com, retrieved March 6, 2012.
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1528:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 18.
3668:Burials at Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland
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2017:
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1229:National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame
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2299:Sagolla, Lisa Jo (September 12, 2011).
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2253:and 50,000 watts, so it wasn't all bad.
1964:"D. J.s must change for TV, says Freed"
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1087:Mr. Rock 'n' Roll: The Alan Freed Story
1047:produced an episode on Freed featuring
985:You're Never Alone with a Schizophrenic
969:
931:, Freed died on January 20, 1965, from
279:immigrant father, Charles S. Freed, in
3708:Radio personalities from New York City
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3252:
3195:Dream Boogie: The Triumph of Sam Cooke
3164:
3134:
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2148:from the original on December 11, 2021
1992:
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474:Concert poster for the Coronation Ball
3408:
3233:
3171:Concise Dictionary of Popular Culture
2878:. Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. 2017
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2222:
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1961:
1825:"Contract clause led to Freed's fame"
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1598:
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244:Freed was honored with a star on the
237:In 1986, Freed was inducted into the
3688:People from Palm Springs, California
3653:American people convicted of bribery
3643:Alcohol-related deaths in California
2826:. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. 2017
2634:. September 27, 1991. Archived from
2467:
1822:
1599:Price, Mark J. (November 14, 2016).
1385:
1381:
1379:
1312:
1137:Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?
1120:in a segment on Freed's legacy. The
853:In another example, Harvey Fuqua of
501:
3062:"Freed, Alan 'Moondog' (1921–1965)"
1962:Denny, Frank (September 30, 1950).
1914:– via American Radio History.
1883:– via American Radio History.
1783:"Behind The Front Page: Miscellany"
467:" to describe the music he played.
283:. In 1933, Freed's family moved to
13:
3703:Radio personalities from Cleveland
3274:
1707:Offineer, Bee (January 16, 1946).
1574:
1494:"Ch. 3 "Rockin' Around The Clock""
1076:You Know They Got a Hell of a Band
14:
3724:
3698:People from Windber, Pennsylvania
3330:
2302:Rock 'n' Roll Dances of the 1950s
2106:Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
1376:
1151:, "They Used to Call it Dope" by
1070:Freed was used as a character in
946:He was initially interred in the
700:, Dave Appell and His Applejacks.
3663:American people of Welsh descent
3337:
3316:Cleveland Rock and Roll Memories
2669:AlanFreed.Com: death certificate
2027:Sheerin, Jude (March 21, 2012).
1163:, "The Ballad of Dick Clark" by
916:During 1964, he returned to the
875:
428:
382:In June 1945, Alan Freed joined
234:music throughout North America.
174:
149:
3638:20th-century American musicians
3094:Turning Points in Rock and Roll
3054:
3028:
3002:
2976:
2962:
2933:
2904:
2864:
2838:
2816:
2790:
2764:
2744:
2725:
2700:
2674:
2662:
2650:
2620:
2594:
2585:
2559:
2526:
2500:
2484:. June 10, 2016. Archived from
2441:
2415:
2389:
2380:
2354:
2345:
2319:
2305:. Performing Arts. p. 74.
2292:
2283:
2258:
2185:
2160:
2134:
2120:
2064:
2046:
2008:
1955:
1946:
1887:
1856:
1744:Offineer, Bee (July 23, 1947).
1737:
1624:
1592:
1583:
1568:
1542:
1515:
1486:
893:Freed's gravestone in Cleveland
192:
170:
145:
3400:DVD review of Mr. Rock 'n Roll
1823:Dyer, Bob (October 14, 1990).
1672:"Whiteman Off, Freed On Again"
1575:Larkin, Colin. "Freed, Alan".
1460:
1430:
1405:
1345:
1286:
1260:
1245:
1227:The board of directors of the
266:
1:
3198:. Little, Brown and Company.
2144:. Youtube. February 8, 2017.
1577:Encyclopedia of Popular Music
1522:Ennis, Philip (May 9, 2012).
1234:
812:Legal trouble, payola scandal
583:Freddie Bell and the Bellboys
377:
38:
3683:Ohio State University alumni
3678:Military personnel from Ohio
3299:Smith, Wes (Robert Weston).
3174:. Rowman & Littlefield.
2771:Alan Duke (August 3, 2014).
1746:"Freed Premiers 'Wax Works'"
1709:"Freed Sings And Fans Write"
1498:Michigan Rock n Roll Legends
1257:, January 27, 1965, page 54.
1239:
1128:is named in honor of Freed.
1081:Nightmares & Dreamscapes
982:", from Hunter's 1979 album
978:in the opening of the song "
482:" on March 21, 1952, at the
275:mother, Maude Palmer, and a
7:
3387:Mister Rock and Roll (1957)
3362:The Alan Freed Tribute Page
3238:. Oxford University Press.
3098:. New York: Citadel Press.
2289:Brooks & Marsh, p. 136.
1973:. p. 3. Archived from
1864:"Akron Jockey, WAKR Tangle"
1684:. June 30, 1948. p. 20
1525:The History of American Pop
1031:National Radio Hall of Fame
838:There was also a series of
575:Bill Haley & His Comets
480:The Moondog Coronation Ball
362:Billy Ward and his Dominoes
10:
3729:
3436:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
3116:; Marsh, Earle F. (2009).
3010:"Moondog's Final Sign Off"
2797:Feran, Tom (May 8, 2016).
2750:Vigil, Vicki Blum (2007).
2659:, retrieved March 6, 2012.
2327:"Moondog's Final Sign Off"
1988:– via AlanFreed.com.
1027:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
956:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
498:), in Newark, New Jersey.
239:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
3597:
3570:
3538:
3446:
3213:Jackson, John A. (1991).
3135:Curtis, James M. (1987).
2086:(Preface by Philip Glass)
1386:Chad (October 25, 2019).
1200:
1147:, "Ballrooms of Mars" by
341:
205:
126:
118:
108:
93:
74:
48:
30:
23:
3259:. Simon & Schuster.
3234:James, David E. (2015).
3090:Bordowitz, Hank (2004).
2707:Meeks, Eric G. (2014) .
991:The 1978 motion picture
929:Palm Springs, California
903:Santa Monica, California
312:New Castle, Pennsylvania
86:Palm Springs, California
3693:People from Salem, Ohio
2632:Rockabilly Hall of Fame
2482:Rockabilly Hall of Fame
2070:Scotto, Robert (2007).
1417:Frank Beacham's Journal
1112:portrayed Freed on the
1101:Telling Lies in America
767:The Wall Street Journal
287:, where Freed attended
3253:Miller, James (1999).
2074:Process Music edition
2058:Cleveland Plain Dealer
1392:Hollywood Walk of Fame
1225:
1131:Freed is mentioned in
1035:Hollywood Walk of Fame
894:
475:
246:Hollywood Walk of Fame
3673:Deaths from cirrhosis
3573:(Ahmet Ertegun Award)
3314:Wolff, Carlo (2006).
3280:Dawson, Jim (2005) .
1554:Ultimate Classic Rock
1220:
1159:, "Done Too Soon" by
1012:Screamin' Jay Hawkins
892:
885:Later years and death
759:, which premiered on
673:Screamin' Jay Hawkins
570:Rock Around the Clock
536:Freed also worked at
473:
461:traditional pop music
423:Supreme Court of Ohio
300:Ohio State University
281:Windber, Pennsylvania
67:Windber, Pennsylvania
3598:Lifetime achievement
3303:. Longstreet Press.
3084:General bibliography
2914:(October 14, 1999).
2512:History and Headline
2427:Ohio Central History
1830:Akron Beacon Journal
1788:Akron Beacon Journal
1751:Akron Beacon Journal
1714:Akron Beacon Journal
1677:Akron Beacon Journal
1641:Akron Beacon Journal
1634:(November 2, 1947).
1606:Akron Beacon Journal
1184:Constantine Maroulis
1155:, "Payola Blues" by
970:In the popular media
840:conflict of interest
681:Don't Knock the Rock
643:and Teddy Randazzo,
636:Mister Rock and Roll
394:, the early-evening
271:Freed was born to a
173: 1950;
148: 1943;
3490:The Everly Brothers
2943:(October 9, 1997).
2688:. November 27, 1991
2514:. November 21, 2014
2455:. December 23, 2019
2403:. November 22, 1959
2239:. December 23, 2019
2060:. January 20, 2011.
1980:on January 28, 2020
1211:Wall Street Journal
1122:Cleveland Cavaliers
952:Hartsdale, New York
614:and the Teenagers,
551:Film and television
437:record store owner
3648:American radio DJs
3068:. January 11, 2019
3042:. February 7, 2019
3040:Seniors' Lifestyle
3016:. January 19, 2015
2990:. January 20, 1989
2988:Radio Hall of Fame
2949:The New York Times
2920:The New York Times
2852:on January 2, 2018
2540:. October 14, 1999
2386:Guralnick, p. 235.
2333:. January 20, 2021
2108:. December 2, 2017
2005:Miller, pp. 57–61.
1556:. January 15, 2015
1361:. October 14, 1999
1358:The New York Times
964:Lake View Cemetery
948:Ferncliff Cemetery
895:
833:commercial bribery
519:Sam The Man Taylor
510:(1010 AM) in
476:
443:television station
407:non-compete clause
386:(1590 AM) in
98:Lake View Cemetery
53:Albert James Freed
3615:
3614:
3324:978-1-886228-99-3
3284:. Backbeat Books/
3150:978-0-87972-369-9
3143:. Popular Press.
3105:978-0-8065-2631-7
2912:Weinraub, Bernard
2760:978-1-59851-025-6
2608:. August 29, 1962
2168:"RadioEchoes.com"
2084:978-0-9760822-8-6
2014:Bordowitz, p. 63.
1793:Knight Newspapers
1756:Knight Newspapers
1719:Knight Newspapers
1682:Knight Newspapers
1646:Knight Newspapers
1550:"Alan Freed Dies"
1474:. January 4, 2011
1195:Rock, Rock, Rock!
1074:'s short story, "
789:To Tell the Truth
709:featuring Freed,
639:featuring Freed,
598:featuring Freed,
573:featuring Freed,
502:New York stations
289:Salem High School
213:
212:
119:Years active
63:December 15, 1921
3720:
3539:Early influences
3429:
3422:
3415:
3406:
3405:
3381:Mr. Rock 'n Roll
3358:
3357:
3355:Official website
3347:
3345:Biography portal
3342:
3341:
3340:
3270:
3249:
3230:
3209:
3190:Guralnick, Peter
3185:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3142:
3131:
3120:. Random House.
3109:
3097:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3066:encyclopedia.com
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2972:. June 28, 2024.
2970:"Rock Rock Rock"
2966:
2960:
2959:
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2955:
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2857:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2803:The Plain Dealer
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2768:
2762:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2729:
2723:
2722:
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2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2638:on June 15, 2017
2624:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2598:
2592:
2591:Jackson, p. 214.
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2573:. March 17, 1964
2563:
2557:
2556:
2547:
2545:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2488:on June 15, 2017
2474:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2429:. March 17, 1964
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2368:. March 21, 2012
2358:
2352:
2351:Jackson, p. 168.
2349:
2343:
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2024:
2015:
2012:
2006:
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1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1968:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
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1338:
1333:. August 5, 2014
1321:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1274:. August 4, 2014
1264:
1258:
1249:
1098:. The 1997 film
1094:and directed by
1044:Behind The Music
994:American Hot Wax
595:Rock, Rock, Rock
557:jukebox musicals
398:and the nightly
392:Jukebox Serenade
371:Rock, Rock, Rock
358:Sixty Minute Man
320:Youngstown, Ohio
298:While attending
250:rhythm and blues
196:
194:
178:
176:
172:
160:Marjorie J. Hess
153:
151:
147:
81:
78:January 20, 1965
62:
60:
43:
40:
35:
21:
20:
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3718:
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3611:
3593:
3572:
3566:
3534:
3515:Jerry Lee Lewis
3442:
3433:
3353:
3352:
3343:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3277:
3275:Further reading
3267:
3246:
3227:
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3153:
3151:
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3086:
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2963:
2953:
2951:
2941:Holden, Stephen
2938:
2934:
2924:
2922:
2909:
2905:
2901:Danesi, p. 121.
2900:
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2172:Radioechoes.com
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2035:
2025:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2004:
1993:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1966:
1960:
1956:
1952:Jackson, p. 35.
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1919:
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1907:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1888:
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1843:
1841:
1837:. pp. F1,
1821:
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1579:(4th ed.).
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1536:
1520:
1516:
1503:
1501:
1500:. June 22, 2020
1492:
1491:
1487:
1477:
1475:
1472:History of Rock
1466:
1465:
1461:
1447:
1445:
1444:. March 4, 2018
1436:
1435:
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1242:
1237:
1203:
1173:Kill Your Idols
1061:Ben Fong-Torres
1020:Jerry Lee Lewis
980:Cleveland Rocks
972:
960:Cleveland, Ohio
887:
878:
814:
739:Jo Ann Campbell
713:, Chuck Berry,
665:Clyde McPhatter
663:, Chuck Berry,
616:Johnny Burnette
553:
533:from New York.
504:
484:Cleveland Arena
431:
380:
344:
269:
201:
198:
195: 1958)
190:
186:
185:Inga Lil Boling
180:
177: 1958)
168:
164:
161:
155:
152: 1949)
143:
139:
136:
102:Cleveland, Ohio
89:
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3592:
3591:
3584:
3576:
3574:
3571:Non-performers
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3557:
3554:Jimmie Rodgers
3550:
3547:Robert Johnson
3542:
3540:
3536:
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3533:
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3525:
3522:Little Richard
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3332:
3331:External links
3329:
3328:
3327:
3312:
3297:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3250:
3245:978-0199387625
3244:
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3210:
3204:
3186:
3181:978-1442253124
3180:
3166:Danesi, Marcel
3162:
3149:
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3127:978-0307483201
3126:
3110:
3104:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3079:
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3027:
3001:
2975:
2961:
2932:
2903:
2889:
2876:Walkoffame.com
2863:
2837:
2815:
2789:
2763:
2743:
2724:
2718:978-1479328598
2717:
2699:
2673:
2661:
2649:
2619:
2606:New York Times
2593:
2584:
2571:New York Times
2558:
2538:New York Times
2525:
2499:
2466:
2440:
2414:
2401:New York Times
2388:
2379:
2353:
2344:
2318:
2312:978-0313365560
2311:
2291:
2282:
2257:
2221:
2219:Curtis, p. 37.
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2016:
2007:
1991:
1954:
1945:
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1855:
1850:Newspapers.com
1810:
1805:Newspapers.com
1773:
1768:Newspapers.com
1736:
1731:Newspapers.com
1699:
1694:Newspapers.com
1663:
1658:Newspapers.com
1623:
1591:
1582:
1567:
1541:
1535:978-1420506723
1534:
1514:
1485:
1459:
1429:
1404:
1375:
1344:
1311:
1300:. May 27, 1991
1285:
1259:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1202:
1199:
1186:played Freed.
1167:, a member of
1114:Comedy Central
1110:Jack Macbrayer
1049:Roger Steffens
971:
968:
939:brought on by
886:
883:
877:
874:
813:
810:
806:Kitty Carlisle
751:
750:
715:Ritchie Valens
706:Go, Johnny Go!
701:
690:Little Richard
676:
657:Little Richard
645:Lionel Hampton
641:Rocky Graziano
631:
600:Teddy Randazzo
590:
552:
549:
503:
500:
430:
427:
400:Request Review
379:
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273:Welsh-American
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2188:
2173:
2169:
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2147:
2143:
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2123:
2107:
2103:
2102:"Freed, Alan"
2097:
2095:
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2080:0-9760822-8-4
2077:
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2011:
2002:
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1998:
1996:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1949:
1934:
1930:
1924:
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1905:
1904:
1903:The Billboard
1896:
1890:
1874:
1873:
1872:The Billboard
1865:
1859:
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1840:
1836:
1835:Knight Ridder
1832:
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1648:. p. 11B
1647:
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1607:
1602:
1595:
1589:James, p. 59.
1586:
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1141:Terry Cashman
1138:
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1123:
1119:
1118:Drunk History
1115:
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1103:
1102:
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1065:Grammy Awards
1062:
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876:Personal life
873:
871:
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864:
863:The Flamingos
860:
856:
855:The Moonglows
851:
849:
845:
841:
836:
834:
829:
827:
823:
818:
809:
807:
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799:
798:Ralph Bellamy
795:
791:
790:
784:
782:
777:
776:Frankie Lymon
773:
769:
768:
762:
758:
757:
748:
747:The Moonglows
744:
740:
736:
735:Sandy Stewart
732:
731:The Cadillacs
728:
727:Jackie Wilson
724:
723:The Flamingos
720:
719:Eddie Cochran
716:
712:
711:Jimmy Clanton
708:
707:
702:
699:
695:
694:the Upsetters
691:
687:
683:
682:
677:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
653:Frankie Lymon
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:
632:
629:
628:The Moonglows
625:
624:The Flamingos
621:
617:
613:
612:Frankie Lymon
609:
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541:
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528:
527:the Teenagers
524:
523:Frankie Lymon
520:
515:
513:
512:New York City
509:
499:
497:
493:
487:
485:
481:
472:
468:
466:
465:rock and roll
462:
458:
454:
449:
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429:WJW Cleveland
426:
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94:Resting place
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68:
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34:
29:
22:
19:
3606:John Hammond
3604:
3588:Sam Phillips
3586:
3580:
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3561:Jimmy Yancey
3559:
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3379:
3315:
3300:
3281:
3255:
3235:
3219:. Schirmer.
3215:
3194:
3170:
3156:November 20,
3154:. Retrieved
3138:
3117:
3093:
3070:. Retrieved
3065:
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3039:
3030:
3018:. Retrieved
3013:
3004:
2992:. Retrieved
2987:
2984:"ALAN FREED"
2978:
2964:
2952:. Retrieved
2948:
2935:
2923:. Retrieved
2919:
2906:
2880:. Retrieved
2875:
2872:"Alan Freed"
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2850:the original
2846:"Alan Freed"
2840:
2828:. Retrieved
2818:
2806:. Retrieved
2802:
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2776:
2766:
2751:
2746:
2737:
2727:
2708:
2702:
2690:. Retrieved
2685:
2682:"Alan Freed"
2676:
2664:
2652:
2640:. Retrieved
2636:the original
2631:
2628:"Alan Freed"
2622:
2610:. Retrieved
2605:
2596:
2587:
2575:. Retrieved
2570:
2567:"Alan Freed"
2561:
2551:
2549:
2542:. Retrieved
2537:
2534:"Alan Freed"
2528:
2516:. Retrieved
2511:
2502:
2490:. Retrieved
2486:the original
2481:
2478:"Alan Freed"
2457:. Retrieved
2452:
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2426:
2423:"Alan Freed"
2417:
2405:. Retrieved
2400:
2391:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2365:
2356:
2347:
2335:. Retrieved
2330:
2321:
2301:
2294:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2260:
2248:
2241:. Retrieved
2236:
2200:. Retrieved
2196:
2187:
2175:. Retrieved
2171:
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2136:
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2105:
2071:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2036:. Retrieved
2032:
2010:
1982:. Retrieved
1975:the original
1970:
1957:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1933:Ech.cwru.edu
1932:
1908:. Retrieved
1901:
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1870:
1858:
1848:– via
1842:. Retrieved
1828:
1803:– via
1797:. Retrieved
1795:. p. 2B
1786:
1776:
1766:– via
1760:. Retrieved
1749:
1739:
1729:– via
1723:. Retrieved
1712:
1702:
1692:– via
1686:. Retrieved
1675:
1666:
1656:– via
1650:. Retrieved
1639:
1631:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1604:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1553:
1544:
1524:
1517:
1509:
1502:. Retrieved
1497:
1488:
1476:. Retrieved
1471:
1468:"Alan Freed"
1462:
1453:
1446:. Retrieved
1441:
1438:"Alan Freed"
1432:
1422:September 6,
1420:. Retrieved
1416:
1407:
1397:September 6,
1395:. Retrieved
1391:
1388:"Alan Freed"
1370:
1363:. Retrieved
1356:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1330:The Guardian
1328:
1302:. Retrieved
1298:Walk of Fame
1297:
1294:"ALAN FREED"
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1271:
1262:
1252:
1247:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1208:
1204:
1188:
1180:off-Broadway
1177:
1161:Neil Diamond
1153:Public Enemy
1130:
1099:
1085:
1079:
1072:Stephen King
1069:
1057:Michael Ochs
1053:Brian Levant
1042:
1024:
1016:Frankie Ford
1004:Tim McIntire
999:Floyd Mutrux
992:
990:
983:
973:
945:
926:
915:
896:
879:
867:
852:
837:
830:
819:
815:
794:Polly Bergen
787:
785:
772:The Big Beat
771:
765:
756:The Big Beat
754:
752:
743:Harvey Fuqua
704:
698:The Treniers
679:
669:LaVern Baker
661:Brook Benton
649:Ferlin Husky
634:
620:LaVern Baker
604:Tuesday Weld
593:
579:The Platters
568:
562:
554:
542:
535:
516:
505:
491:
488:
477:
450:
432:
404:
399:
395:
391:
381:
369:
366:
355:
348:
345:
338:recordings.
304:World War II
297:
270:
254:
243:
236:
223:
219:
216:Albert James
215:
214:
80:(1965-01-20)
18:
3633:1965 deaths
3628:1921 births
3508:Buddy Holly
3500:Phil Everly
3483:Fats Domino
3469:Ray Charles
3462:James Brown
3455:Chuck Berry
3286:Hal Leonard
3114:Brooks, Tim
3072:February 3,
3046:February 3,
3020:February 3,
2994:February 4,
2782:November 6,
2692:February 4,
2642:January 27,
2612:February 4,
2577:February 3,
2544:February 4,
2518:February 4,
2492:February 3,
2459:February 4,
2433:February 4,
2407:February 4,
2372:February 4,
2337:February 4,
2243:February 4,
2202:October 11,
2177:October 11,
2112:February 4,
1984:January 28,
1938:November 6,
1910:January 31,
1879:January 31,
1844:February 9,
1758:. p. 7
1725:January 28,
1721:. p. 4
1688:February 7,
1652:February 9,
1632:Freed, Alan
1616:February 8,
1611:Black Press
1560:January 28,
1504:January 28,
1478:January 28,
1448:February 3,
1365:February 3,
1337:February 4,
1304:January 27,
1278:January 27,
1165:Skip Battin
1133:The Ramones
1106:Kevin Bacon
1092:Judd Nelson
1090:, starring
1008:Chuck Berry
918:Los Angeles
870:tax evasion
844:Chuck Berry
608:Chuck Berry
388:Akron, Ohio
328:Akron, Ohio
285:Salem, Ohio
267:Early years
228:disc jockey
113:Disc jockey
42: 1958
3622:Categories
3581:Alan Freed
3496:Don Everly
3447:Performers
3367:Alan Freed
2954:January 5,
2925:January 5,
2882:January 5,
2856:January 5,
2830:January 5,
2808:January 1,
2686:Reel Radio
1442:Britannica
1235:References
1157:Neil Young
1149:Marc Bolan
1145:Tommy West
976:Ian Hunter
941:alcoholism
848:Maybellene
802:Hy Gardner
415:kilometers
378:WAKR Akron
368:1956 film
261:alcoholism
109:Occupation
59:1921-12-15
25:Alan Freed
3476:Sam Cooke
2738:cleveland
2552:Sincerely
2251:Art Laboe
2197:Rhino.com
2152:August 7,
2038:March 12,
1251:Obituary
1240:Citations
1189:In 2024,
1178:The 2023
1169:the Byrds
1124:' mascot
1096:Andy Wolk
937:cirrhosis
901:/1580 in
859:Sincerely
826:WABC (AM)
781:the South
686:Alan Dale
587:Lisa Gaye
538:WABC (AM)
531:CBS Radio
439:Leo Mintz
435:Cleveland
396:Wax Works
350:Billboard
122:1945–1965
3192:(2005).
3168:(2016).
2366:BBC News
2146:Archived
2033:BBC News
1971:TV Today
1223:culture.
1191:RiffTrax
1135:' song "
332:hot jazz
293:trombone
206:Children
2275:May 31,
2270:YouTube
1799:May 23,
1762:May 22,
1254:Variety
1126:Moondog
1041:series
924:/97.9.
492:Moondog
457:Moondog
322:); and
197:
189:
179:
167:
163:
154:
142:
138:
127:Spouses
3322:
3307:
3292:
3263:
3242:
3223:
3202:
3178:
3147:
3124:
3102:
2758:
2715:
2309:
2078:
1532:
1201:Legacy
1104:stars
1037:. The
933:uremia
822:payola
703:1959:
678:1957:
633:1957:
592:1956:
567:1956:
342:Career
257:payola
104:, U.S.
88:, U.S.
69:, U.S.
37:Freed
1978:(PDF)
1967:(PDF)
1898:(PDF)
1867:(PDF)
1116:show
911:Miami
413:(121
411:miles
360:" by
224:Freed
191:(
187:
169:(
165:
144:(
140:
3390:IMDb
3370:IMDb
3320:ISBN
3305:ISBN
3290:ISBN
3261:ISBN
3240:ISBN
3221:ISBN
3200:ISBN
3176:ISBN
3158:2011
3145:ISBN
3122:ISBN
3100:ISBN
3074:2021
3048:2021
3022:2020
2996:2021
2956:2017
2927:2017
2884:2017
2858:2017
2832:2017
2810:2020
2784:2014
2756:ISBN
2713:ISBN
2694:2021
2644:2021
2614:2021
2579:2021
2546:2021
2520:2021
2494:2021
2461:2021
2435:2021
2409:2021
2374:2021
2339:2021
2307:ISBN
2277:2021
2245:2021
2204:2019
2179:2019
2154:2020
2114:2021
2076:ISBN
2040:2014
1986:2020
1940:2014
1912:2020
1881:2020
1846:2020
1801:2020
1764:2020
1727:2020
1690:2020
1654:2020
1618:2020
1562:2021
1530:ISBN
1506:2021
1480:2021
1455:but…
1450:2021
1424:2022
1399:2022
1367:2021
1339:2021
1306:2021
1280:2021
1209:The
1143:and
1055:and
1018:and
935:and
922:KNOB
907:WQAM
899:KDAY
846:'s "
804:and
745:and
692:and
545:KDAY
525:and
508:WINS
496:WNSW
446:WXEL
419:WADC
384:WAKR
334:and
324:WAKR
316:WKBN
308:WKST
220:Alan
175:div.
150:div.
75:Died
49:Born
3014:WSJ
2777:CNN
2331:WSJ
1272:CNN
1039:VH1
958:in
950:in
909:in
761:ABC
453:WJW
336:pop
314:);
3624::
3498:,
3438:–
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