42:
333:
208:. A decreased FEV1/FVC ratio (versus the normal of about 80%) is indicative of airway obstruction, as the normal amount of air can no longer be exhaled in the first second of expiration. An airway restriction would not produce a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio, but would reduce the
197:. It is different from airway restriction (which prevents air from diffusing into the pulmonary arteries because of some kind of blockage in the lungs). Diseases that cause lower airway obstruction are termed
403:
424:
Balata, Haval; Harvey, Jonathan; Barber, Phil V; Colligan, Denis; Duerden, Rebecca; Elton, Peter; Evison, Matthew; Greaves, Melanie; Howells, John; Irion, Klaus; Karunaratne, Devinda (15 Jul 2020).
426:"Spirometry performed as part of the Manchester community-based lung cancer screening programme detects a high prevalence of airflow obstruction in individuals without a prior diagnosis of COPD"
73:
Airway obstruction is a life-threatening condition and requires urgent attention, and assistance when it is needed. The assistance to clear an upper airway obstruction would begin employing
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189:(usually from a decreased radius of the bronchioles) that reduces the amount of air inhaled in each breath and the
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212:. The ventilation is therefore affected leading to a ventilation-perfusion mismatch and hypoxia.
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380:"Lung health checks in supermarket car parks reach older smokers in deprived communities"
62:
that hinders the free flow of air. It can be broadly classified into being either in the
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Lower airway obstruction is mainly caused by increased resistance in the
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232:(COPD), a common breathing disorder that is a risk factor for
759:
144:
120:
708:
423:
340:. January 2010 by American Academy of Family Physicians.
559:
272:"Diagnosis and management of upper airway obstruction"
494:
269:
1626:
270:Aboussouan, L.S.; Stoller, J.K (15 March 1994).
204:Lower airway obstruction can be measured using
545:
155:airway obstructions are often referred to as
174:
91:Causes of upper airway obstruction include
80:
552:
538:
40:
1152:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
441:
1176:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
1635:Symptoms and signs: Respiratory system
1627:
99:, penetrating laryngotracheal trauma,
533:
386:(Plain English summary). 2020-08-05.
230:chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
355:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library
1609:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
13:
1198:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
561:Diseases of the respiratory system
16:Blockage in the respiratory system
14:
1646:
490:
302:from the original on 25 June 2021
75:first-aid anti-choking techniques
474:from the original on 22 May 2022
406:from the original on 2022-03-14
361:from the original on 2021-06-25
215:
1614:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
417:
372:
343:
326:Acute Upper Airway Obstruction
314:
263:
1:
1188:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
443:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213584
288:10.1016/S0272-5231(21)01054-6
256:
220:Airway obstruction may cause
1171:Respiratory hypersensitivity
1109:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
251:Recurrent airway obstruction
226:post-obstructive pneumonitis
7:
1080:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
239:
228:. It can also be a sign of
10:
1651:
933:Acute exacerbation of COPD
178:
84:
1576:
1549:
1479:
1465:
1419:
1377:
1356:
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1219:
1210:
1139:
1024:
1004:
887:
867:
707:
587:
567:
498:
276:Clinics in Chest Medicine
199:obstructive lung diseases
29:
24:
996:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
989:Bronchiolitis obliterans
855:Laryngotracheal stenosis
802:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
780:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
738:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
666:Nasal septum perforation
181:Obstructive lung disease
175:Lower airway obstruction
95:, blunt laryngotracheal
81:Upper airway obstruction
744:Retropharyngeal abscess
322:Respiratory Emergencies
222:obstructive pneumonitis
141:retropharyngeal abscess
93:foreign body aspiration
1437:Pulmonary hypertension
1166:Eosinophilic pneumonia
818:Vocal cord dysfunction
661:Nasal septum deviation
1564:Mediastinal emphysema
1343:Healthcare-associated
1273:Legionnaires' disease
699:Peritonsillar abscess
671:Nasal septal hematoma
179:Further information:
161:Management of airways
153:advanced life support
133:peritonsillar abscess
101:tonsillar hypertrophy
85:Further information:
1311:Mendelson's syndrome
1183:Hamman–Rich syndrome
351:"Airway Obstruction"
1584:Respiratory failure
1551:Mediastinal disease
1119:Bird fancier's lung
694:Adenoid hypertrophy
392:10.3310/alert_40661
169:invasive techniques
1489:Pleuritis/pleurisy
1442:Pulmonary embolism
1338:Community-acquired
1263:Atypical bacterial
1162:Löffler's syndrome
943:Status asthmaticus
928:Chronic bronchitis
813:Vocal fold paresis
627:Vasomotor rhinitis
336:2020-03-14 at the
195:pulmonary arteries
52:Airway obstruction
25:Airway obstruction
1622:
1621:
1572:
1571:
1529:Empyema/pyothorax
1461:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1415:
1414:
1348:Hospital-acquired
1206:
1205:
1070:Caplan's syndrome
863:
862:
808:Vocal fold nodule
632:Atrophic rhinitis
527:
526:
331:FP Essentials 368
193:that reaches the
117:laryngotracheitis
54:is a blockage of
49:
48:
19:Medical condition
1642:
1507:Pleural effusion
1500:Hemopneumothorax
1477:
1476:
1231:
1230:
1217:
1216:
1060:Bauxite fibrosis
1025:External agents/
1022:
1021:
953:Exercise-induced
909:Acute bronchitis
885:
884:
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165:minimal-invasive
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1618:
1568:
1545:
1481:Pleural disease
1470:
1453:
1411:
1373:
1357:By distribution
1352:
1331:By vector/route
1326:
1224:
1212:
1202:
1157:Pulmonary edema
1135:
1030:
1026:
1013:
1009:
1000:
965:Cystic fibrosis
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872:
859:
703:
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338:Wayback Machine
319:
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163:relies on both
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1467:Pleural cavity
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1129:Lycoperdonosis
1126:
1121:
1116:
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1104:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
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1057:
1052:
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1040:Pneumoconiosis
1036:
1034:
1019:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
992:
991:
981:
976:
974:
968:
967:
962:
960:Bronchiectasis
957:
956:
955:
950:
945:
936:
930:
920:
918:
912:
911:
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904:
898:
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829:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
799:
797:
789:
788:
783:
777:
772:
770:Laryngeal cyst
767:
765:Laryngomalacia
762:
757:
755:
747:
746:
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735:
734:
733:
723:
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499:Classification
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491:External links
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436:(8): 655–660.
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258:
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210:vital capacity
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119:such as viral
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27:
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15:
9:
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1579:
1577:Other/general
1575:
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1559:Mediastinitis
1557:
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1321:
1317:
1314:
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1308:
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1302:noninfectious
1300:
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1283:
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1244:
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1229:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1211:Obstructive /
1209:
1199:
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1191:
1189:
1186:
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1177:
1174:
1173:
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1163:
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1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1124:Farmer's lung
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1107:
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1101:
1098:
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1088:
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1029:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
990:
987:
986:
985:
984:Bronchiolitis
982:
980:
977:
975:
973:
970:
969:
966:
963:
961:
958:
954:
951:
949:
946:
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937:
934:
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929:
926:
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919:
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397:
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389:
385:
384:NIHR Evidence
381:
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57:
53:
43:
37:
34:
32:
28:
23:
1496:Pneumothorax
1449:Lung abscess
1431:
1301:
1290:Pneumocystis
1251:Pneumococcal
1032:lung disease
1028:occupational
1006:Interstitial
971:
915:
901:
874:lung disease
840:
834:Epiglottitis
824:
792:
786:Laryngospasm
750:
731:Strep throat
716:
679:
655:nasal septum
653:
612:
596:
511:
476:. Retrieved
433:
429:
419:
408:. Retrieved
383:
374:
363:. Retrieved
354:
345:
325:
321:
316:
304:. Retrieved
282:(1): 35–53.
279:
275:
265:
219:
216:Consequences
203:
184:
156:
143:, spasmodic
129:epiglottitis
123:, bacterial
90:
72:
68:lower airway
64:upper airway
51:
50:
1594:Common cold
1541:Fibrothorax
1524:Chylothorax
1519:Hydrothorax
1472:mediastinum
1432:circulatory
1427:Atelectasis
1234:By pathogen
1226:pneumonitis
1213:Restrictive
1193:Sarcoidosis
1065:Berylliosis
1011:restrictive
972:unspecified
894:obstructive
877:(including
794:vocal cords
726:Pharyngitis
689:Tonsillitis
644:Nasal polyp
579:common cold
572:(including
234:lung cancer
187:bronchioles
56:respiration
36:Pulmonology
1514:Hemothorax
1316:Aspiration
1278:Chlamydiae
1268:Mycoplasma
1256:Klebsiella
1114:Bagassosis
1100:Byssinosis
1075:Chalicosis
1050:Asbestosis
1045:Aluminosis
979:Bronchitis
850:Tracheitis
826:epiglottis
775:Laryngitis
649:Rhinorrhea
410:2024-07-01
365:2021-06-25
324:, section
257:References
206:spirometry
157:A-problems
125:tracheitis
113:vocal fold
109:vocal cord
1589:Influenza
1534:Malignant
1297:Parasitic
1246:Bacterial
1221:Pneumonia
1090:Silicosis
1085:Siderosis
1055:Baritosis
889:Bronchial
637:Hay fever
606:Sinusitis
468:218855570
452:0040-6376
400:243394660
137:pertussis
105:paralysis
66:(UPA) or
31:Specialty
1629:Category
1604:COVID-19
1397:BOOP-COP
1364:Broncho-
1307:Chemical
1095:Talcosis
1016:fibrosis
869:Lower RT
622:Rhinitis
569:Upper RT
472:Archived
460:32444437
404:Archived
359:Archived
334:Archived
300:Archived
240:See also
115:, acute
70:(LOA).
916:chronic
842:trachea
718:pharynx
598:sinuses
518:D000402
329:. From
306:25 June
296:8200192
246:Stridor
107:of the
87:Choking
58:in the
1285:Fungal
939:Asthma
752:larynx
681:tonsil
478:1 July
466:
458:
450:
430:Thorax
398:
294:
191:oxygen
97:trauma
60:airway
38:
1420:Other
1369:Lobar
1320:Lipid
1241:Viral
1140:Other
902:acute
879:LRTIs
804:(LPR)
782:(LPR)
760:Croup
740:(LPR)
574:URTIs
464:S2CID
396:S2CID
149:basic
147:. In
145:croup
121:croup
1599:SARS
1402:NSIP
1147:ARDS
948:AERD
923:COPD
709:Neck
614:nose
589:Head
513:MeSH
480:2024
456:PMID
448:ISSN
308:2021
292:PMID
167:and
151:and
1392:DIP
1387:UIP
1379:IIP
438:doi
388:doi
284:doi
224:or
111:or
1631::
1407:RB
516::
470:.
462:.
454:.
446:.
434:75
432:.
428:.
402:.
394:.
382:.
357:.
353:.
298:.
290:.
280:15
278:.
274:.
236:.
201:.
171:.
159:.
139:,
135:,
131:,
127:,
103:,
77:.
1498:/
1469:/
1318:/
1309:/
1223:/
1164:/
1018:)
1014:(
1008:/
941:(
935:)
891:/
881:)
871:/
581:)
576:,
553:e
546:t
539:v
505:D
482:.
440::
413:.
390::
368:.
310:.
286::
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