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559:, approximately 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 kilometers) from the northernmost centers of the slave trade in the Bight of Biafra and southward. The navy department did not move the depot location until 1859, when it was set up at
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The squadron was an outgrowth of the 1819 treaty between the United States and the United
Kingdom that was an early step in stopping the trade, and further defined by the
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in an attempt to crack down on sailors and slavers use of sea-letters to claim
American nationality in their attempt to further the slave trade on the African coast.
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238:), which was not being covered. In the two years of Perry's leadership, only one slaver was reported to have been captured, and that ship was later acquitted by a
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The majority of the squadron's cruising in its first decade was along the coast of
Western Africa, with particular attention to
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The squadron was generally ineffective, since the ships were too few, and since much of the trading activity had shifted to the
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interests. By the 1850s much of the slave trade in this area had been eliminated by the
British, based in their colony at
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from writing the
President of the United States to bolster the Africa Squadron's "fleet" in 1855 in accordance with the
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went to trial. These slavers were acquitted or only lightly fined. Other commanders, however, were more successful.
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567:, about eight degrees south latitude. At the same time the department put Madeira out of bounds for the squadron.
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along the coast of West Africa. However, the term was often ascribed generally to
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was a unit of the United States Navy that operated from 1819 to 1861 in the
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109:(date unknown). She captured two slave ships with the Africa Squadron.
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court. In the 16 years of squadron operation, only the crews of 19
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was the first commander of the squadron, and based himself in
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Africa
Squadron: The U.S. Navy and the Slave Trade, 1842–1861
758:
547:
The Africa
Squadron's cruising area eventually ranged from
555:
in the north. However, the squadron's supply depot was in
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This however, did not stop the board of directors of the
217:, in practice the American contingent worked on its own.
209:
of 1842. Although technically coordinated with a
British
1442:
African
Squadron: Ashburton Treaty: Consular Sea Letters
1750:
Military units and formations established in the 1840s
1464:
Historical
Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau
1760:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1861
534:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
551:to the south (about 18 degrees south latitude), to
1462:Richard Andrew Lobban Jr. and Peter Karibe Mendy,
312:Suppression of the slave trade in the Persian Gulf
1721:
1528:
1514:
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249:
289:
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79:Learn how and when to remove this message
1755:1843 establishments in the United States
1740:Ship squadrons of the United States Navy
1366:, Potomac Books, 2006, pp. 233–234
524:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
437:Convention of Saint-Germain-en-Laye 1919
347:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
42:This article includes a list of general
1735:United States Navy in the 19th century
1722:
1477:
1502:
1439:
327:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
263:
105:A photograph of the sloop-of-war USS
198:during the period leading up to the
28:
13:
1633:South Atlantic Blockading Squadron
1623:North Atlantic Blockading Squadron
597:
48:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1781:
1466:, 3rd ed. (Scarecrow Press, 1997
592:
364:African Slave Trade Patrol (U.S.)
1770:Anti-slavery military operations
332:Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1880
145:
127:
33:
1446:Philadelphia: William G. Geddes
379:Eastern Naval Division (Brazil)
352:Brussels Conference Act of 1890
1440:Foote, Commander A.H. (1855).
1433:
1:
1638:West Gulf Blockading Squadron
1613:East Gulf Blockading Squadron
1484:. Washington, D.C.: Potomac.
1426:
583:American Colonization Society
1608:Atlantic Blockading Squadron
578:, as well as the Liberians.
512:Temporary Slavery Commission
7:
1369:
529:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
359:West Africa Squadron (U.K.)
20:anti-slavery squadron, see
10:
1786:
1618:Mississippi River Squadron
1478:Canney, Donald L. (2006).
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256:African Slave Trade Patrol
253:
250:African slave trade patrol
172:African Slave Trade Patrol
15:
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1539:
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167:
157:
140:
122:
114:
98:
93:
1704:Special Service Squadron
1416:Indian Ocean slave trade
587:Webster-Ashburton treaty
234:delta area (present-day
207:Webster–Ashburton Treaty
135:United States of America
1694:South Atlantic Squadron
1679:North Atlantic Squadron
1557:Chesapeake Bay Flotilla
1401:North Atlantic Squadron
517:1926 Slavery Convention
502:Treaty of Jeddah (1927)
487:Battle of Little Bereby
291:Slave trade suppression
196:anti-slavery operations
63:more precise citations.
1765:Abolitionism in Africa
1745:19th century in Africa
1699:South Pacific Squadron
1684:North Pacific Squadron
1572:Mediterranean Squadron
1391:Mediterranean Squadron
1362:Source: Canney, D.L.,
557:Cape Verde archipelago
466:Bombardment of Johanna
374:Brazil Squadron (U.S.)
369:Africa Squadron (U.S.)
1709:Squadron of Evolution
225:Portuguese Cape Verde
1592:West Indies Squadron
1582:New Orleans Squadron
1411:Zanzibar slave trade
1386:West Indies Squadron
211:West Africa Squadron
22:West Africa Squadron
1664:Bering Sea Squadron
1643:West India Squadron
1562:East India Squadron
1421:Red Sea slave trade
1406:East India Squadron
561:SĂŁo Paulo de Luanda
1530:United States Navy
1249:26 September 1860
1107:21 September 1859
1085:21 September 1859
879:11 September 1850
691:30 September 1845
671:27 September 1845
337:Blockade of Africa
200:American Civil War
188:Blockade of Africa
152:United States Navy
1730:Slavery in Africa
1717:
1716:
1669:European Squadron
1360:
1359:
1291:25 February 1861
1027:Cape Coast Castle
1023:28 December 1858
1001:8 September 1858
735:15 December 1845
565:Portuguese Angola
544:
543:
342:Kanunname of 1889
177:
176:
89:
88:
81:
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1659:Asiatic Squadron
1628:Potomac Flotilla
1587:Pacific Squadron
1523:
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1474:) pp. 66–68
1450:
1449:
1448:. pp. 1–16.
1444:. Philadelphia:
1437:
1376:Pacific Squadron
1294:Possibly Loango
1269:10 October 1860
1127:6 February 1860
981:6 November 1857
939:3 November 1853
919:23 January 1853
899:3 November 1852
755:15 January 1846
713:3 December 1845
602:
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384:Slave Trade Acts
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190:to suppress the
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16:For the earlier
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492:Hamerton Treaty
458:Capture of the
429:Capture of the
423:Veloz Passagera
421:Capture of the
413:Capture of the
405:Capture of the
397:Capture of the
389:Capture of the
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184:Africa Squadron
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1353:14 June 1861
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1102:Constellation
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69:February 2013
62:
58:
52:
51:
45:
40:
31:
30:
27:
23:
19:
1546:
1540:19th century
1480:
1463:
1441:
1435:
1363:
1361:
1347:
1341:
1333:20 May 1861
1327:
1321:
1307:
1300:
1285:
1277:
1263:
1257:
1243:
1237:
1223:
1217:
1203:
1195:
1181:
1175:
1161:
1155:
1150:Porto Praya
1141:
1135:
1121:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1079:
1073:
1059:
1053:
1039:
1033:
1017:
1011:
995:
989:
975:
969:
955:
949:
934:Constitution
933:
927:
922:Porto Praya
913:
907:
902:Porto Praya
893:
887:
873:
867:
859:6 June 1850
853:
847:
831:
825:
820:Cape Palmas
811:
805:
791:
785:
771:
765:
749:
743:
729:
723:
717:Sierra Leone
707:
701:
685:
679:
665:
659:
645:
639:
625:
619:
580:
576:Sierra Leone
569:
546:
497:Frere Treaty
479:
471:
459:
450:
442:
430:
422:
414:
407:El Almirante
406:
398:
390:
368:
302:Abolitionism
229:
219:
215:Sierra Leone
204:
183:
181:
106:
75:
66:
47:
26:
1301:Nightingale
1264:San Jacinto
1224:San Jacinto
1147:6 May 1860
759:Porto Praya
674:Cape Mount
472:Mary Carver
391:Providentia
244:slave ships
240:New Orleans
232:Niger River
192:slave trade
61:introducing
1724:Categories
1427:References
1218:Storm King
1142:Portsmouth
1122:Portsmouth
1080:Portsmouth
1012:Julia Dean
970:W.G. Lewis
914:Germantown
908:R.P. Brown
894:Germantown
868:Chatsworth
832:John Adams
806:Chancellor
654:Pongas R.
451:La Amistad
415:Marinerito
399:Presidente
44:references
18:Royal Navy
1601:Civil War
1533:squadrons
1116:Virginian
1018:Vincennes
950:Glamorgan
826:Excellent
750:Jamestown
708:Jamestown
634:Gallinas
614:Location
549:Cape Frio
431:Brillante
213:based in
118:1819–1861
107:Jamestown
1370:See also
1342:Falmouth
1316:Kabenda
1308:Saratoga
1286:Saratoga
1170:Kabenda
1136:Falmouth
1110:Kabenda
1054:Ardennes
990:Brothers
800:Kabenda
780:Kabenda
738:Kabenda
730:Yorktown
702:Merchant
686:Yorktown
666:Yorktown
660:Patuxent
640:Spitfire
626:Porpoise
572:Liberian
482:Incident
460:Emanuela
453:Incident
1457:Sources
1348:Sumpter
1279:Express
1204:Mohican
1190:Loango
1096:Delicia
1005:Mayumba
888:Advance
882:Ambriz
862:Ambriz
812:Dolphin
724:Panther
695:Kabenda
646:Truxtun
553:Madeira
236:Nigeria
123:Country
57:improve
1488:
1470:
1356:Kongo
1336:Kongo
1322:Triton
1272:Kongo
1258:Bonito
1252:Kongo
1232:Kongo
1212:Kongo
1182:Mystic
1176:Triton
1162:Mystic
1130:Kongo
1089:Loango
1068:Kongo
1060:Marion
1048:Kongo
1040:Marion
996:Marion
984:Kongo
964:Kongo
848:Martha
841:Ambriz
792:Marion
786:Casket
766:Malaga
608:Captor
605:Vessel
474:Affair
443:Creole
141:Branch
132:
115:Active
46:, but
1074:Emily
1034:Orion
956:Perry
943:Kongo
874:Perry
854:Perry
772:Boxer
620:Uncas
563:, in
1486:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1238:Cora
1197:Erie
976:Dale
680:Pons
611:Date
445:case
182:The
168:Role
158:Type
1726::
227:.
202:.
1522:e
1515:t
1508:v
1494:.
283:e
276:t
269:v
82:)
76:(
71:)
67:(
53:.
24:.
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