Federal Aviation Administration

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that had last been done in 2008. Thousands were hired, including veterans, Collegiate Training Initiative graduates, and people who are true "off the street" hires. The move was made to open the job up to more people who might make good controllers but did not go to a college that offered a CTI program. Before the change, candidates who had completed coursework at participating colleges and universities could be "fast-tracked" for consideration. However, the CTI program had no guarantee of a job offer, nor was the goal of the program to teach people to work actual traffic. The goal of the program was to prepare people for the FAA Academy in Oklahoma City, OK. Having a CTI certificate allowed a prospective controller to skip the Air Traffic Basics part of the academy, about a 30- to 45-day course, and go right into Initial Qualification Training (IQT). All prospective controllers, CTI or not, have had to pass the FAA Academy in order to be hired as a controller. Failure at the academy means FAA employment is terminated. In January 2015 they launched another pipeline, a "prior experience" bid, where anyone with an FAA Control Tower Operator certificate (CTO) and 52 weeks of experience could apply. This was a revolving bid, every month the applicants on this bid were sorted out, and eligible applicants were hired and sent directly to facilities, bypassing the FAA academy entirely.

4992: 1680: 1087: 59: 47: 1812: 1878: 1592: 5150: 1379:(DOT) combined major federal responsibilities for air and surface transport. The Federal Aviation Agency's name changed to the Federal Aviation Administration as it became one of several agencies (e.g., Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration, the Coast Guard, and the Saint Lawrence Seaway Commission) within DOT. The FAA administrator no longer reported directly to the president, but instead to the Secretary of Transportation. New programs and budget requests would have to be approved by DOT, which would then include these requests in the overall budget and submit it to the president. 1399: 71: 4966: 2103: 1968: 268: 2035: 1990: 1636: 1834: 2596: 1790: 1768: 2324:(and in many cases all MAX variants) due to safety concerns, but the FAA declined to ground MAX 8 aircraft operating in the U.S. On March 12, the FAA said that its ongoing review showed "no systemic performance issues and provides no basis to order grounding the aircraft." Some U.S. Senators called for the FAA to ground the aircraft until an investigation into the cause of the Ethiopian Airlines crash was complete. U.S. Transportation Secretary 1658: 1614: 1189: 1900: 1477:", provides a lifetime series of grouped proficiency activities at three levels (Basic, Advanced, and Master) for pilots who have undergone several hours of ground and flight training since their last WINGS award, or "Phase". The FAA encourages volunteerism in the promotion of aviation safety. The FAA Safety Team, or FAASTeam, works with Volunteers at several levels and promotes safety education and outreach nationwide. 5011: 1702: 2610: 2080: 2012: 1746: 1922: 263: 2176:

experts have been critical of the constraints and expectations under which the FAA is expected to operate. The dual role of encouraging aerospace travel and regulating aerospace travel are contradictory. For example, to levy a heavy penalty upon an airline for violating an FAA regulation which would impact their ability to continue operating would not be considered encouraging aerospace travel.

1856: 1395:. The FAA became more involved with the environmental aspects of aviation in 1968 when it received the power to set aircraft noise standards. Legislation in 1970 gave the agency management of a new airport aid program and certain added responsibilities for airport safety. During the 1960s and 1970s, the FAA also started to regulate high altitude (over 500 feet) kite and balloon flying. 2057: 1945: 1724: 1344:. This legislation passed the CAA's functions to a new independent body, the Federal Aviation Agency. The act also transferred air safety regulation from the CAB to the FAA, and gave it sole responsibility for a joint civil-military system of air navigation and air traffic control. The FAA's first administrator, 1312:(CAB). CAA was responsible for ATC, airman and aircraft certification, safety enforcement, and airway development. CAB was entrusted with safety regulation, accident investigation, and economic regulation of the airlines. The CAA was part of the Department of Commerce. The CAB was an independent federal agency. 2583:

The House T&I Committee began the new reauthorization process for the FAA in February 2017. It is expected that the committee will again urge Congress to consider and adopt air traffic control reform as part of the reauthorization package. Shuster has additional support from President Trump, who,

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Neither type of DER is an employee of either the FAA or the United States government. While a DER represents the FAA when acting under the authority of a DER appointment; a DER has no federal protection for work done or the decisions made as a DER. Neither does the FAA provide any indemnification for

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to members of the same committee sent before a meeting to discuss air traffic control privatization noted a 35-year legacy of failed air traffic control modernization management, including NextGen. The letter said the FAA initially described NextGen as fundamentally transforming how air traffic would

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said there was a "culture of coziness" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and "a systematic breakdown" in the FAA's culture that resulted in "malfeasance, bordering on corruption". In 2008 the FAA proposed to fine Southwest $ 10.2 million for failing to inspect older planes for cracks, and

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took over the Civil Aeronautics Board's (CAB) role of investigating and determining the causes of transportation accidents and making recommendations to the secretary of transportation. CAB was merged into DOT with its responsibilities limited to the regulation of commercial airline routes and fares.

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to ATC helped controllers in their drive to keep abreast of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation. In 1946, meanwhile, Congress gave CAA the added task of administering the federal-aid airport program, the first peacetime program of financial assistance aimed exclusively at development of

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In 2014, the FAA modified its approach to air traffic control hiring. It launched more "off the street bids", allowing anyone with either a four-year degree or five years of full-time work experience to apply, rather than the closed college program or Veterans Recruitment Appointment bids, something

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Map depicting the FAA's air traffic control jurisdictions over all U.S. territories and some international waters, including (in yellow) regions where the U.S. provides enroute air traffic control services over land, (in blue) regions where the U.S. provides oceanic air traffic control services over

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regulations that prohibit any airborne calls using mobile phones. From a technological standpoint, cellular service would not work in-flight because of the rapid speed of the airborne aircraft: mobile phones cannot switch fast enough between cellular towers at an aircraft's high speed. However, the

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said that "If the FAA identifies an issue that affects safety, the department will take immediate and appropriate action." The FAA resisted grounding the aircraft until March 13, 2019, when it received evidence of similarities in the two accidents. By then, 51 other regulators had already grounded

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in 1981 forced temporary flight restrictions but failed to shut down the airspace system. During the following year, the agency unveiled a new plan for further automating its air traffic control facilities, but progress proved disappointing. In 1994, the FAA shifted to a more step-by-step approach

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More precise Performance Based Navigation can reduce fuel burn, emissions, and noise exposure for a majority of communities, but the concentration of flight tracks also can increase noise exposure for people who live directly under those flight paths. A feature of the NextGen program is GPS-based

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In the process of promoting diversity, the FAA revised its hiring process. The FAA later issued a report that the "bio-data" was not a reliable test for future performance. However, the "Bio-Q" was not the determining factor for hiring, it was merely a screening tool to determine who would take a

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to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year "cooling off" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of

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In the 1990s, satellite technology received increased emphasis in the FAA's development programs as a means to improvements in communications, navigation, and airspace management. In 1995, the agency assumed responsibility for safety oversight of commercial space transportation, a function begun

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Specialized Experience – Amateur-Built and Light-Sport Aircraft DARs Both Manufacturing DARs and Maintenance DARs may be authorized to perform airworthiness certification of light-sport aircraft. DAR qualification criteria and selection procedures for amateur-built and light-sport aircraft

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story: "Penalties against airlines that violate FAA directives should be stiffer. At $ 25,000 per violation, Gutheinz said, airlines can justify rolling the dice and taking the chance on getting caught. He also said the FAA is often too quick to bend to pressure from airlines and pilots." Other

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The FAA issues a number of awards to holders of its certificates. Among these are demonstrated proficiencies as an aviation mechanic (the AMT Awards), a flight instructor (Gold Seal certification), a 50-year aviator (Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award), a 50-year mechanic (Charles Taylor Master

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calls would still be prohibited (and use of cellular networks during any point when aircraft doors are closed remains prohibited to-date). Implementation initially varied among airlines. The FAA expected many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in

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In December 2015, a reverse discrimination lawsuit was filed against the FAA seeking class-action status for the thousands of men and women who spent up to $ 40,000 getting trained under FAA rules before they were abruptly changed. The prospects of the lawsuit are unknown, as the FAA is a

1290:(ATC) along the airways. In 1936, the Bureau itself took over the centers and began to expand the ATC system. The pioneer air traffic controllers used maps, blackboards, and mental calculations to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling along designated routes between cities. 1510:, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013. Devices must be held or put in the seat-back pocket during the actual takeoff and landing. Mobile phones must be in airplane mode or with mobile service disabled, with no signal bars displayed, and cannot be used for voice communications due to 1254:'s regulation of civil aviation. This landmark legislation was passed at the urging of the aviation industry, whose leaders believed the airplane could not reach its full commercial potential without federal action to improve and maintain safety standards. The Act charged the 2254:

revised Air Traffic Standardized Aptitude Test (ATSAT). Due to cost and time, it was not practical to give all 30,000 some applicants the revised ATSAT, which has since been validated. In 2015 Fox News levied criticism that the FAA discriminated against qualified candidates.

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waypoints, which result in consolidated flight paths for planes. The result of this change is that many localities experience huge increases in air traffic over previously quiet areas. Complaints have risen with the added traffic and multiple municipalities have filed suit.

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a repairman certificate and be employed at a repair station certificated under 14 CFR part 145, or an air carrier operating certificate holder with an FAA-approved continuous airworthiness program, and must meet the qualification requirements of Order 8100.8, Chapter

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and with FAA Security, is one of the most outspoken critics of FAA. Rather than commend the agency for proposing a $ 10.2 million fine against Southwest Airlines for its failure to conduct mandatory inspections in 2008, he was quoted as saying the following in an

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The FAA gradually assumed additional functions. The hijacking epidemic of the 1960s had already brought the agency into the field of civil aviation security. In response to the hijackings on September 11, 2001, this responsibility is now primarily taken by the

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U.S. law requires that the FAA's budget and mandate be reauthorized on a regular basis. On July 18, 2016, President Obama signed a second short-term extension of the FAA authorization, replacing a previous extension that was due to expire that day.

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The Aeronautics Branch was renamed the Bureau of Air Commerce in 1934 to reflect its enhanced status within the Department. As commercial flying increased, the Bureau encouraged a group of airlines to establish the first three centers for providing

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to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors. Audits of other airlines resulted in two airlines grounding hundreds of planes, causing thousands of flight cancellations. The

2162:, "in which the airline industry openly dictates to its regulators its governing rules, arranging for not only beneficial regulation, but placing key people to head these regulators." Retired NASA Office of Inspector General Senior Special Agent 2378:

A Designated Engineering Representative (DER) is an engineer who is appointed under 14 CFR section 183.29 to act on behalf of a company or as an independent consultant (IC). The DER system enables the FAA to delegate certain involvement in

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prototype rocket violated the company's license. Musk said the agency's regulations are tailored for "a handful of expendable launches per year from a few government facilities", and that humanity would never get to Mars under those rules.

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A DAR is an individual appointed in accordance with 14 CFR 183.33 who may perform examination, inspection, and testing services necessary to the issuance of certificates. There are two types of DARs: manufacturing, and maintenance.

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A Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community (commonly abbreviated as CANIC) is a notification from the FAA to civil airworthiness authorities of foreign countries of pending significant safety actions.

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Airports (ARP): plans and develops the national airport system; oversees standards for airport safety, inspection, design, construction, and operation. The office awards $ 3.5 billion annually in grants for airport planning and

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initially concentrated on such functions as safety regulations and the certification of pilots and aircraft. It took over the building and operation of the nation's system of lighted airways, a task initiated by the

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published an investigative report that showed overworked air traffic controllers at understaffed facilities making errors that resulted in 46 near collisions in the air and on the ground in the month of July alone.

2224:, former chairman of the committee, said its investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse and widespread regulatory lapses, allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with 3799: 2344:

Further investigations also revealed that the FAA and Boeing had colluded on recertification test flights, attempted to cover up important information and that the FAA had retaliated against whistleblowers.

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a. A CANIC is used to notify civil airworthiness authorities of other countries of pending significant safety actions. A significant safety action can be defined as, but not limited to, the following:

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principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word "customer" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.

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Security and Hazardous Materials Safety (ASH): responsible for risk reduction of terrorism and other crimes and for investigations, materials safety, infrastructure protection, and personnel security.

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noted that NextGen, as currently executed, was not broadly transformational and that it is a set of programs to implement a suite of incremental changes to the National Airspace System (NAS).

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exams, tests, and inspections to qualified technical people outside of the FAA. Qualifications and policies for appointment of Designated Airworthiness Representatives are established in

1301:. The legislation also expanded the government's role by giving the CAA the authority and the power to regulate airline fares and to determine the routes that air carriers would serve. 4412: 4167: 3024: 2565: 2217: 4277: 3568: 5135: 4020: 2167: 759: 4677: 4464: 4313: 1319:, CAA began to extend its ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports. This expanded role eventually became permanent after the war. The application of 3998: 3414: 4345: 974: 902: 4773: 4903: 3807: 3228: 2577: 4546: 3055: 3670: 3485: 2291: 2286: 4798: 3169: 3110: 2406:

Consultant DERs are appointed to act as independent DERs and may approve, or recommend that the FAA approves, technical data produced by any person or organization.

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The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 gives the FAA one year to establish minimum pitch, width and length for airplane seats, to ensure they are safe for passengers.

5031: 4252: 3757: 3136: 2752: 1423: 737: 4598: 3942: 3731: 5831: 5120: 4189: 3253: 144: 4116: 3295: 5140: 1262:, certifying aircraft, establishing airways, and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation. The newly created Aeronautics Branch, operating under the 4841: 4576: 6423: 6413: 5204: 4051: 3871: 3590: 5402: 5024: 4926:"Congressional Hearings on FAA Reauthorization and Automated Vehicles; FTA Withholds Funding from DC, MD, VA for Missing WMATA Safety Oversight Deadline" 4145: 2137:

on August 12, 2019. On February 16, 2022, Dickson announced his resignation as FAA Administrator, effective March 31, 2022. In September 2023, President

1053:. In ATO, employees operate air traffic control facilities comprising Airport Traffic Control Towers (ATCT), Terminal Radar Approach Control Facilities ( 3376: 2719: 5865: 5397: 4730: 2258:

self-governing entity and therefore can alter and experiment with its hiring practices, and there was never any guarantee of a job in the CTI program.

4925: 2199:, inspectors Charalambe "Bobby" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the 6398: 2930: 895: 4493: 6418: 5088: 5078: 4606:. FAA. May 17, 2010. pp. Chapter 6, section 8. Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community (CANIC). FAA-IR-M-8040.1C. 4517: 2633: 2187:

In September 2009, the FAA administrator issued a directive mandating that the agency use the term "customers" to refer to only the flying public.

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announced that he would be nominating Mike Whitaker to lead the FAA. Whitaker previously served as deputy administrator of the FAA under President

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Company DERs act on behalf of their employer and may only approve, or recommend that the FAA approves, technical data produced by their employer.

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from the FAA to a non-profit corporation, as many other nations, such as Canada, Germany and the United Kingdom, have done. Shuster's bill, the

5130: 2280: 3070: 440: 4408: 4386: 4171: 1950: 1392: 3198: 3014: 2908: 2887: 5158: 4707: 3854: 2868: 2849: 2830: 2649: 2130:, to be the next FAA Administrator. On July 24, 2019, the Senate confirmed Dickson by a vote of 52–40. He was sworn in as Administrator by 888: 4871: 3833: 5105: 3558: 244: 2996: 1501:, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but 5462: 5047: 2241:

would pay a $ 7.5 million penalty and would adopt new safety procedures, with the fine doubling if Southwest failed to follow through.

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Aviation Safety (AVS): responsible for aeronautical certification of personnel and aircraft, including pilots, airlines, and mechanics.

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for the airspace of the United States and for the New York (Atlantic) and Oakland (Pacific) oceanic areas. It is a full member of the

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On March 18, 2008, the FAA ordered its inspectors to reconfirm that airlines are complying with federal rules after revelations that

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The 2016 extension (set to expire itself in September 2017) left out a provision pushed by Republican House leadership, including

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eleven years before by an office within DOT headquarters. The agency was responsible for the decision to ground flights after the

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and computer technology. This system required enhancement to keep pace with air traffic growth, however, especially after the

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in a meeting with aviation industry executives in early 2017 said the U.S. air control system is "....totally out of whack."

584: 5452: 5437: 4110:"Committee Hearing on "The Need to Reform FAA and Air Traffic Control to Build a 21st Century Aviation System for America"" 3444: 3340: 3241:

Section 577 of the bill requires the FAA to issue rules establishing minimum width, length and seat pitch of airline seats.

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On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the

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On March 19, 2019, President Donald Trump announced he would nominate Stephen Dickson, a former executive and pilot at

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transferred the federal civil aviation responsibilities from the Commerce Department to a new independent agency, the

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in 1934, which handles most such matters today—and introduced radio beacons as an effective aid to air navigation.

1058: 1014: 834: 804: 390: 6367: 6326: 6138: 5110: 4974: 4822: 4568: 3885: 2207:, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. This was validated by a report by the 1474: 1462: 769: 552: 400: 1033:

Developing and carrying out programs to control aircraft noise and other environmental effects of civil aviation

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Manufacturing DARs must possess aeronautical knowledge, experience, and meet the qualification requirements of

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the plane, and by March 18, 2019, all 387 aircraft in service were grounded. Three major U.S. airlines--

6256: 6118: 5897: 5387: 5313: 1877: 447: 385: 3912: 3623: 6113: 5715: 5492: 5318: 5303: 4864:"H.R.4441 - 114th Congress (2015-2016): Aviation Innovation, Reform, and Reauthorization Act of 2016" 3963: 2977: 2307: 1108: 849: 709: 507: 502: 283: 6408: 6331: 6173: 6088: 5917: 5497: 5487: 5293: 2643: 1458: 1419: 1278:. The Department of Commerce improved aeronautical radio communications—before the founding of the 1074:(AST): ensures protection of U.S. assets during the launch or reentry of commercial space vehicles. 1050: 1046: 1027: 764: 674: 628: 410: 4368: 1308:

split the authority into two agencies in 1940: the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) and the

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By the mid-1970s, the agency had achieved a semi-automated air traffic control system using both

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for 24 hours. The ban was extended for a further 24 hours but was lifted about six hours later.

6288: 6251: 5803: 5555: 4863: 1597: 1367:(USSR) launch of the first manmade satellite. NASA assumed NACA's aeronautical research role. 1345: 864: 415: 2462: 1967: 1515:

ban is due to potential radio interference with aircraft avionics. If an air carrier provides

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Ember, Sydney; Steel, Emily; Abraham, Leanne; Lutz, Eleanor; Koeze, Ella (August 21, 2023).

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Records of the Federal Aviation Administration in the National Archives (Record Group 237)

3829: 3286:"NASA certifies SpaceX's Crew Dragon for astronaut flights, gives 'go' for Nov. 14 launch" 1484:

flew dozens of aircraft without certain mandatory inspections. The FAA exercises surprise

1095:, several U.S. island territories, and some small, foreign island nations and territories. 8: 6226: 6178: 6103: 6078: 6043: 6038: 5912: 5885: 5575: 5427: 5262: 4731:"Former FAA safety inspector urges caution over Boeing 737: 'I've never, ever done this'" 4632: 3850: 3657: 3535: 3472: 2775: 2747: 2573: 2317: 1441:

by residential retrofit programs. Throughout the 1980s, these charters were implemented.

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a mechanic's certificate with an airframe and powerplant rating, under 14 CFR part 65

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On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism from

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In 1979, Congress authorized the FAA to work with major commercial airports to define

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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Budget and Programs and Chief Financial Officer

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phased out the CAB's economic regulation of the airlines. A nationwide strike by the

1142: 1124: 997: 950:, setting standards for airports, and protection of U.S. assets during the launch or 824: 809: 430: 380: 2955: 2415:. "The FAA cannot shelter or protect DERs from the consequences of their findings." 1485: 6108: 6068: 5965: 5932: 5860: 5695: 5675: 5660: 5627: 5622: 5507: 5482: 5356: 5328: 4996: 4987: 3767: 2435: 2384: 2321: 2172: 1795: 1641: 1403: 1247: 1100: 598: 462: 457: 137: 76: 2034: 1989: 6336: 6298: 6266: 6241: 6123: 6025: 5995: 5980: 5975: 5785: 5777: 5512: 5059:

Headquarters: 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE (Transportation Department Building)

4978: 4142:"Latest Inspector General Report Underscores Need for Air Traffic Control Reform" 3946: 3926: 3858: 3837: 3000: 2981: 2962: 2891: 2872: 2853: 2834: 2815: 2615: 2361: 2334: 2163: 2127: 1861: 1773: 1707: 1663: 1431: 869: 685: 472: 420: 405: 352: 300: 267: 4278:"U.S. Senate to hold crash hearing as lawmakers urge grounding Boeing 737 MAX 8" 4245:"US and Canada are the only two nations still flying many Boeing 737 MAX planes" 3436: 3336: 3160:"House passes bill to require minimum standards for airplane seat size, legroom" 2475:

8. Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community (CANIC).

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Another CANIC notified the ungrounding of the MAX, ending a 20-month grounding.

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Encouraging and developing civil aeronautics, including new aviation technology

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U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure

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Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community (CANIC)

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crash five months earlier, most airlines and countries began grounding the

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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Aviation and International Affairs

4021:"Unqualified air traffic control candidates cheating to pass FAA exams?" 2244: 1789: 1086: 6362: 5710: 5517: 1767: 1213: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 839: 655: 650: 633: 5231: 4971: 4336:"Editorial: Why was the FAA so late to deplane from Boeing's 737 Max?" 3254:"Crew-1 is headed to Space Station, launching the NASA/SpaceX venture" 2522:(5) Other high interest event (e.g., a special certification review). 1258:

with fostering air commerce, issuing and enforcing air traffic rules,

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Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community

4168:"FAA facing backlash over noise issues created by PBN flight paths" 3626:(Press release). Federal Aviation Administration. August 12, 2019. 3106: 2535:

The FAA issued a CANIC to state the continued airworthiness of the

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criticized the FAA as moving too slowly, after a 2020 launch of a

2204: 2200: 951: 947: 613: 4310:"U.S. to mandate design changes on Boeing 737 MAX 8 after crashes" 4186:"A Closer Look at How FAA is 'Tone-Deaf' on NextGen Noise Impacts" 1899: 1855: 1119:, for training. The FAA has nine regional administrative offices: 5955: 5947: 5772: 5735: 5642: 5474: 5341: 5270: 4668:"FAA says reviewing 737 Max software fix is 'an agency priority'" 4409:"FAA and Boeing manipulated 737 Max tests during recertification" 4282: 4076:"Airline Close Calls Happen Far More Often Than Previously Known" 3881: 1701: 1160: 1154: 1130: 603: 5172:

Office of Policy Development, Strategic Planning and Performance

4115:. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. May 12, 2017. 3913:"FAA's 'culture of coziness' targeted in airline safety hearing" 2418: 2168:

Office of Inspector General for the Department of Transportation

2079: 2011: 1042:

The FAA operates five "lines of business". Their functions are:

5720: 4700:"FAA Says Boeing 737 MAX 8 Is 'Airworthy' Despite Second Crash" 3559:"Trump To Nominate Former Delta Airlines Executive To Lead FAA" 2353: 1745: 1556: 1473:

Mechanic Award) or as a proficient pilot. The latter, the FAA "

1172: 1092: 854: 760:

National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service

315: 5214:

National Surface Transportation and Innovative Finance Bureau

5196:

Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology

5046: 3940:

Southwest Air Agrees to $ 7.5 Million Fine, FAA Says (Update2)

3365:

Hsu, Tiffany; Kaplan, Thomas; Wichter, Zach (March 19, 2019).

3048:"The Internet Is Thanking Nick Bilton for the FAA's New Rules" 2471:

The FAA Airworthiness Directives Manual, states the following:

2056: 1944: 3404:"White House to Nominate Steve Dickson as Permanent FAA Head" 3225:"Summary of Final Compromise FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018" 1516: 1415: 1320: 1081: 5166:

Office of the Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy

3800:"Bill proposes distance between airlines and FAA regulators" 2274: 1457:

In December 2000, an organization within the FAA called the

262: 4672: 3988:"Affirmative Action Lands in the Air Traffic Control Tower" 3468:"Top FAA safety official named as interim leader of agency" 3258: 3164: 2856:. FAA.gov (November 29, 2018). Retrieved on March 14, 2019. 2776:"Regulatory Monitors: Policing Firms in the Compliance Era" 2654: 2578:

Aviation Innovation, Reform, and Reauthorization (AIRR) Act

2566:

House Transportation and Infrastructure (T&I) Committee

2412: 1360: 1336:

travel (and a series of midair collisions—most notably the

278: 4436:"SpaceX to the FAA: The industry needs you to move faster" 3591:"U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 116th Congress - 1st Session" 2837:. FAA.gov (December 5, 2017). Retrieved on March 14, 2019. 2281:

Next Generation Air Transportation System § Criticism

1519:

service during flight, passengers may use it. Short-range

4248: 3563: 2580:, expired in the House at the end of the 114th Congress. 3133:"British Airways CEO insists flights over Iraq are safe" 2504:(3) A safety action that affects many people, operators; 2373: 1723: 977:(CAA). In 1967, the FAA became part of the newly formed 5832:

Air route authority between the United States and China

5121:

Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation

4959: 1427:

that has provided controllers with advanced equipment.

1269:

In fulfilling its civil aviation responsibilities, the

1266:

assumed primary responsibility for aviation oversight.

222: 5141:

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

3652:"FAA administrator Steve Dickson to resign next month" 2894:. FAA.gov (June 5, 2018). Retrieved on March 14, 2019. 2572:(R-PA). The provision would have moved authority over 2459:

airworthiness functions are provided in Order 8100.8.

954:

of commercial space vehicles. Powers over neighboring

4072: 3694:"Mike Whitaker Is President Biden's Pick to Lead FAA" 2974: 2245:

Changes to air traffic controller application process

1567:

The administrator is appointed for a five-year term.

981:

and was renamed the Federal Aviation Administration.

5205:

John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center

4791:"FAA reauthorization signed into law: Travel Weekly" 3751: 3749: 2591: 2397:

Designated Engineering Representative (DER) Handbook

996:

Regulating air navigation facilities' geometric and

4433: 2446:

Certification: Airmen Other Than Flight Crewmembers

1023:

and navigation for both civil and military aircraft

1006:

Issuing, suspending, or revoking pilot certificates

4821: 4074: 3986: 3830:H.R.6493 - Aviation Safety Enhancement Act of 2008 3650: 3402: 2994:FAA looking to see if airlines made safety repairs 2556:FAA reauthorization and air traffic control reform 1049:(ATO): provides air navigation service within the 4993:Works by or about Federal Aviation Administration 4367:Austen, Ian; Gebrekidan, Selam (March 13, 2019). 3746: 2513:(4) A Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR); 2218:House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee 6385: 5185:Office of International Transportation and Trade 4366: 3851:S.3440 - Aviation Safety Enhancement Act of 2008 3401:Pasztor, Andy; Tangel, Andrew (March 19, 2019). 3364: 3012: 2634:Aviation Safety Knowledge Management Environment 2391:. Working procedures for DERs are prescribed in 1562: 1534:, the FAA suspended flights by U.S. airlines to 27:U.S. government agency regulating civil aviation 5871:Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives 5175:Office of Infrastructure Finance and Innovation 4543:"Designated Airworthiness Representative (DAR)" 4369:"Trump Announces Ban of Boeing 737 Max Flights" 3938:John Hughes for Bloomberg News. March 2, 2009. 3720:"The Government's Elite and Regulatory Capture" 3711: 3437:"Billy Nolen, FRAeS–FAA Administrator (Acting)" 2661:United States government role in civil aviation 993:Regulating U.S. commercial space transportation 755:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5131:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 3958:Shapiro, Adam; Browne, Pamela (May 20, 2015). 3907: 3905: 3903: 3758:"Southwest Airlines faces $ 10.2 million fine" 2550: 973:as the Federal Aviation Agency, replacing the 958:were delegated to the FAA by authority of the 5247: 5032: 4820:Carey, Susan; Pasztor, Andy (July 13, 2016). 3957: 3400: 3315: 3313: 3103:"At last! FAA green lights gadgets on planes" 2419:Designated Airworthiness Representative (DAR) 2301: 1363:(NASA), which was created in response to the 1361:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 896: 5159:Under Secretary of Transportation for Policy 4819: 3872:"FAA will stop calling airlines 'customers'" 3793: 3791: 3789: 2931:"Regional Offices & Aeronautical Center" 2650:Office of Dispute Resolution for Acquisition 2495:(2) The pending issuance of an Emergency AD; 1530:In July 2014, in the wake of the downing of 6424:Regulatory authorities of the United States 6414:Civil aviation authorities in North America 5106:Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 3900: 3337:"Dan Elwell: 5 Fast Facts You Need To Know" 2190: 1250:of May 20, 1926, is the cornerstone of the 777:Department of State Office of Space Affairs 63:Flag of the Federal Aviation Administration 51:Seal of the Federal Aviation Administration 5254: 5240: 5048:United States Department of Transportation 5039: 5025: 4964: 4210: 3718:Solomon, Steven Davidoff (June 11, 2010). 3618: 3616: 3328: 3310: 2541:the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 2166:, who used to be a Special Agent with the 1467:Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation 1082:Regions and Aeronautical Center operations 1013:, especially through local offices called 1011:transportation safety in the United States 903: 889: 738:Department of Energy national laboratories 266: 261: 112:Civil Aeronautics Administration 69: 30:"FAA" redirects here. For other uses, see 3786: 3459: 2905:"Security and Hazardous Materials Safety" 2885:Office of Commercial Space Transportation 2275:Next Generation Air Transportation System 1409: 1359:The same year witnessed the birth of the 1229:Learn how and when to remove this message 1072:Office of Commercial Space Transportation 960:International Civil Aviation Organization 748:Office of Commercial Space Transportation 6399:1958 establishments in the United States 5002:Works by Federal Aviation Administration 4823:"Senate Passes FAA Reauthorization Bill" 4434:Christian Davenport (October 17, 2023). 4272: 4270: 3429: 2743:"FAA Chief To Become Aerospace Lobbyist" 2741:Birnbaum, Jeffrey H. (August 22, 2007). 2740: 2158:The FAA has been cited as an example of 1397: 1085: 6419:Government agencies established in 1958 5261: 4779:from the original on November 24, 2020. 4729:Rodrigo, Chris Mills (March 11, 2019). 4728: 4389:from the original on September 13, 2019 4045: 3717: 3613: 3396: 3394: 3360: 3358: 3334: 3172:from the original on September 28, 2018 3157: 3083:from the original on September 30, 2019 3045: 2773: 2425:Designated Airworthiness Representative 1370: 965:The FAA was created in August 1958 782:Office of Science and Technology Policy 14: 6386: 4874:from the original on February 15, 2017 4665: 4549:from the original on December 17, 2013 4499:from the original on October 29, 2019. 4225:from the original on December 18, 2019 4192:from the original on December 18, 2019 4148:from the original on December 23, 2018 3755: 3691: 3673:from the original on February 20, 2022 3648: 3556: 3528: 3465: 3298:from the original on November 13, 2020 3266:from the original on November 16, 2020 3158:Josephs, Leslie (September 27, 2018). 3125: 3068: 2937:from the original on November 17, 2018 1488:drills on national airports annually. 5235: 5020: 4743:from the original on October 20, 2019 4680:from the original on October 20, 2019 4647:from the original on November 3, 2019 4523:from the original on January 18, 2022 4267: 4122:from the original on January 20, 2018 4027:from the original on January 23, 2016 3984: 3734:from the original on January 20, 2020 3222: 3113:from the original on November 1, 2013 2686:"F.A.A. Chief to Lead Industry Group" 2374:Designated Engineering Representative 2368: 2211:which found FAA managers had allowed 1019:Developing and operating a system of 1009:Regulating civil aviation to promote 935:in the United States and surrounding 4001:from the original on January 2, 2016 3884:. September 18, 2009. Archived from 3797: 3692:Tangel, Andrew (September 7, 2023). 3391: 3355: 3013:Dwight Silverman (October 7, 2013). 2683: 2285:A May 2017 letter from staff of the 2153: 1384:National Transportation Safety Board 1211:adding citations to reliable sources 1182: 1111:, for support and research, and the 5200:Bureau of Transportation Statistics 4844:from the original on March 12, 2017 4613:from the original on August 6, 2020 4255:from the original on April 12, 2019 4046:Shapiro, Adam (December 30, 2015). 3601:from the original on August 4, 2019 3571:from the original on March 20, 2019 3488:from the original on March 27, 2022 3447:from the original on April 18, 2022 3417:from the original on March 19, 2019 3379:from the original on March 20, 2019 3204:from the original on August 3, 2019 3046:Clampet, Jason (October 31, 2013). 2684:Wald, Matthew L. (22 August 2007). 1437:and investigate the feasibility of 1402:FAA Joint Surveillance Site radar, 1338:1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision 1315:On the eve of America's entry into 24: 5089:Deputy Secretary of Transportation 5079:Deputy Secretary of Transportation 4936:from the original on March 9, 2017 4906:from the original on March 9, 2017 4801:from the original on March 9, 2017 4415:from the original on July 10, 2022 4348:from the original on July 20, 2021 4290:from the original on July 10, 2019 3630:from the original on July 31, 2020 3522: 3343:from the original on July 31, 2020 3231:from the original on July 28, 2019 3223:Davis, Jeff (September 24, 2018). 3058:from the original on May 25, 2015. 2911:from the original on June 24, 2021 2875:. FAA. Retrieved on June 20, 2021. 2755:from the original on July 27, 2020 2666:Weather Information Exchange Model 2312:As a result of the March 10, 2019 2290:be managed. In 2015, however, the 1105:William J. Hughes Technical Center 984: 560:Pacific Spaceport Complex – Alaska 536:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station 25: 6435: 5809:Environmental effects of aviation 4951: 4710:from the original on May 21, 2019 4579:from the original on June 7, 2020 4467:from the original on June 8, 2009 4211:McLaughlin, Katy (July 6, 2018). 3649:Duncan, Ian (February 16, 2022). 3510:. Federal Aviation Administration 3227:. Eno Center for Transportation. 3192:"FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018" 3027:from the original on May 25, 2015 2790:from the original on June 4, 2020 2722:from the original on 28 July 2019 2529: 2348: 2341:—were affected by this decision. 1512:Federal Communications Commission 1377:U.S. Department of Transportation 1280:Federal Communications Commission 1113:Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center 1059:Air Route Traffic Control Centers 1015:Flight Standards District Offices 979:U.S. Department of Transportation 946:, certification of personnel and 929:U.S. Department of Transportation 212:U.S. Department of Transportation 6404:Air navigation service providers 5188:Office of International Aviation 5148: 5009: 4899:Competitive Enterprise Institute 4316:from the original on May 2, 2019 3985:Reily, Jason L. (June 2, 2015). 3798:Lowe, Paul (September 1, 2008). 3557:Naylor, Brian (March 19, 2019). 3529:Duncan, Ian (October 24, 2023). 3335:Farrell, Paul (March 13, 2019). 3069:Bilton, Nick (October 9, 2013). 2818:FAA. Retrieved on June 20, 2021. 2774:Van Loo, Rory (August 1, 2018). 2608: 2594: 2101: 2078: 2055: 2033: 2010: 1988: 1966: 1943: 1920: 1898: 1876: 1854: 1832: 1810: 1788: 1766: 1744: 1722: 1700: 1678: 1656: 1634: 1612: 1590: 1420:Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 1187: 1091:international waters, including 1037: 975:Civil Aeronautics Administration 57: 45: 6394:Federal Aviation Administration 6368:Aviation taxation and subsidies 6327:Aircraft maintenance technician 6139:Pre-flight safety demonstration 5209:Transportation Safety Institute 5111:Federal Railroad Administration 5096:Federal Aviation Administration 4984:Federal Aviation Administration 4918: 4886: 4856: 4813: 4783: 4770:Federal Aviation Administration 4755: 4722: 4692: 4666:LeBeau, Phil (March 20, 2019). 4659: 4625: 4600:Airworthiness Directives Manual 4591: 4561: 4535: 4503: 4479: 4453: 4427: 4401: 4360: 4328: 4302: 4237: 4204: 4178: 4160: 4134: 4102: 4066: 4039: 4013: 3978: 3951: 3932: 3864: 3843: 3822: 3756:Koenig, David (March 6, 2008). 3685: 3642: 3583: 3550: 3500: 3441:Federal Aviation Administration 3278: 3246: 3216: 3184: 3151: 3095: 3062: 3039: 3006: 2987: 2968: 2949: 2923: 1553:took place on November 15, 2020 1548:The first FAA licensed orbital 1463:air navigation service provider 1452: 1393:Department of Homeland Security 1198:needs additional citations for 1026:Researching and developing the 917:Federal Aviation Administration 770:Space Weather Prediction Center 743:Federal Aviation Administration 553:Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport 133:Orville Wright Federal Building 40:Federal Aviation Administration 5116:Federal Transit Administration 5101:Federal Highway Administration 4050:. Fox Business. Archived from 4023:. Fox Business. May 20, 2015. 3962:. Fox Business. Archived from 3466:Duncan, Ian (March 26, 2022). 2897: 2878: 2859: 2840: 2821: 2802: 2767: 2734: 2677: 2261: 715:National Reconnaissance Office 13: 1: 6247:Flight cancellation and delay 5876:European Common Aviation Area 5169:Office of the Chief Economist 3135:. The UK News. Archived from 2671: 2624:Acquisition Management System 2486:(1) Urgent safety situations; 2314:Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 2220:held hearings in April 2008. 1563:History of FAA Administrators 1424:air traffic controllers union 1324:the nation's civil airports. 1241: 4312:. Euronews. March 12, 2019. 2657:, Safety Alert for Operators 2639:Federal Aviation Regulations 2441:Maintenance DARs must hold: 2389:Designee Management Handbook 2209:Department of Transportation 2148: 1342:Federal Aviation Act of 1958 1327: 1135:Northwestern Pacific – 1099:The FAA is headquartered in 370:Robotic spaceflight programs 7: 6202:Airline reservations system 6154:Special visual flight rules 5191:Office of Aviation Analysis 5136:Office of Inspector General 5070:Secretary of Transportation 5008:(public domain audiobooks) 3945:September 24, 2015, at the 3929:. Retrieved April 11, 2011. 2629:Airport Improvement Program 2587: 2551:Proposed regulatory reforms 1532:Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 1299:Civil Aeronautics Authority 1271:U.S. Department of Commerce 720:United States Space Command 570:Vandenberg Space Force Base 336:International Space Station 254:United States space program 10: 6440: 6257:Government contract flight 6119:Flight information service 5898:Hague Hijacking Convention 5891:EU–US Open Skies Agreement 5483:Pilot in command (Captain) 2422: 2305: 2302:Boeing 737 MAX controversy 2278: 1340:) prompted passage of the 1178: 1129:Northwest Mountain – 295:Human spaceflight programs 135:800 Independence Avenue SW 29: 6350: 6317: 6187: 6114:Flight information region 6024: 5946: 5817: 5794: 5734: 5716:Low-cost carrier terminal 5641: 5541: 5473: 5370: 5327: 5284:Airline holding companies 5269: 5157: 5146: 5087: 5054: 4977:January 16, 2017, at the 3925:January 23, 2013, at the 2308:Boeing 737 MAX groundings 2292:National Research Council 1540:2014 Israel–Gaza conflict 1109:Atlantic City, New Jersey 989:The FAA's roles include: 850:Sierra Nevada Corporation 794:Commercial space industry 710:United States Space Force 234: 229: 217: 207: 190: 175: 129: 119: 105: 87: 82: 68: 56: 44: 6332:Aircraft ground handling 6174:Upper information region 6089:Civil aviation authority 5918:Paris Convention of 1919 3857:October 1, 2021, at the 3836:October 1, 2021, at the 2975:Air Traffic Organization 2828:Air Traffic Organization 2644:Civil aviation authority 2237:and the FAA agreed that 2191:Lax regulatory oversight 2132:Transportation Secretary 1459:Air Traffic Organization 1382:At the same time, a new 1103:, and also operates the 1051:National Airspace System 1047:Air Traffic Organization 1028:National Airspace System 765:Office of Space Commerce 441:Solar System Exploration 6164:Terminal control center 6129:Instrument flight rules 5986:Baggage handling system 5827:Air transport agreement 5618:In-flight entertainment 5126:Maritime Administration 4930:The National Law Review 4829:The Wall Street Journal 4640:. FAA. March 11, 2019. 4218:The Wall Street Journal 3994:The Wall Street Journal 3410:The Wall Street Journal 2999:March 21, 2008, at the 2980:April 19, 2007, at the 1352:general and adviser to 1332:The approaching era of 1310:Civil Aeronautics Board 1252:U.S. federal government 1137:Los Angeles, California 1117:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 925:U.S. federal government 704:National security space 548:Wallops Flight Facility 124:U.S. federal government 6289:Round-the-world ticket 6252:Frequent-flyer program 4573:lessonslearned.faa.gov 3960:"Trouble in the Skies" 2965:from official website. 2933:. FAA. April 6, 2011. 2814:June 28, 2021, at the 2548: 2527: 1598:Elwood Richard Quesada 1410:1970s and deregulation 1406: 1276:Post Office Department 1264:Department of Commerce 1123:Alaskan Region – 1096: 865:United Launch Alliance 93:; 66 years ago 6279:Passenger name record 6197:Airline booking ploys 6169:Uncontrolled airspace 6159:Terminal control area 5796:Environmental effects 5706:International airport 5613:Crew rest compartment 5566:Premium economy class 5309:Non-scheduled airline 4902:. December 12, 2016. 4870:. February 11, 2016. 4772:. November 18, 2020. 4411:. December 18, 2020. 3774:on September 25, 2012 3294:. November 11, 2020. 3262:. November 10, 2020. 2961:July 2, 2008, at the 2890:May 19, 2020, at the 2871:May 12, 2013, at the 2847:Aviation Safety (AVS) 2533: 2473: 1686:Alexander Butterfield 1401: 1306:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1295:Civil Aeronautics Act 1256:Secretary of Commerce 1173:Boston, Massachusetts 1149:Kansas City, Missouri 1089: 1030:and civil aeronautics 585:Space launch vehicles 160:38.88694°N 77.02278°W 6149:Special use airspace 6059:Airport crash tender 6049:Aircraft safety card 5849:Cross-strait charter 5843:Bermuda II Agreement 5217:Build America Bureau 4795:www.travelweekly.com 4487:"FAA Order 8110.37F" 4174:on October 21, 2016. 3966:on December 22, 2015 3888:on December 24, 2010 3320:"William F. McKee". 2852:May 8, 2013, at the 2833:May 7, 2013, at the 2602:United States portal 1527:, can also be used. 1447:September 11 attacks 1371:1960s reorganization 1354:President Eisenhower 1207:improve this article 956:international waters 937:international waters 541:Kennedy Space Center 491:NASA Astronaut Corps 91:August 23, 1958 75:FAA headquarters in 32:FAA (disambiguation) 6227:Codeshare agreement 6179:Visual flight rules 6104:Controlled airspace 6079:Area control center 6044:Air traffic service 6039:Air traffic control 5928:Sabotage Convention 5913:Montreal Convention 5886:Freedoms of the air 5576:Basic economy class 5263:Commercial aviation 4511:"FAA Order 8100.8D" 4440:The Washington Post 3810:on January 15, 2013 3698:Wall Street Journal 3658:The Washington Post 3536:The Washington Post 3508:"Polly Trottenberg" 3473:The Washington Post 3197:. October 5, 2018. 2780:Faculty Scholarship 2748:The Washington Post 2574:air traffic control 2411:a DER from general 2318:Lion Air Flight 610 1559:on behalf of NASA. 1288:air traffic control 1171:New England – 1153:Great Lakes – 1131:Seattle, Washington 1021:air traffic control 944:air traffic control 942:Its powers include 680:Space Launch System 165:38.88694; -77.02278 156: / 41: 6217:Bereavement flight 5866:Chicago Convention 5856:Beijing Convention 5845:(UK–US, 1978–2008) 5839:(UK–US, 1946–1978) 5314:Passenger airlines 4374:The New York Times 4344:. March 14, 2019. 4286:. March 12, 2019. 4251:. March 12, 2019. 4188:. April 19, 2015. 4081:The New York Times 4054:on January 1, 2016 3728:The New York Times 3372:The New York Times 3324:: 76. August 1989. 3076:The New York Times 2691:The New York Times 2369:Regulatory process 2268:The New York Times 2213:Southwest Airlines 2160:regulatory capture 1928:Robert A. Sturgell 1840:Thomas C. Richards 1550:human space flight 1536:Ben Gurion Airport 1525:wireless keyboards 1523:accessories, like 1498:The New York Times 1482:Southwest Airlines 1407: 1167:New York, New York 1097: 927:agency within the 448:Planetary Observer 426:Planetary Missions 39: 18:Aeronautics Branch 6381: 6380: 6342:Flight dispatcher 6237:Electronic ticket 6212:Airline timetable 6054:Airport authority 5961:Baggage allowance 5938:Warsaw Convention 5837:Bermuda Agreement 5671:Airport rail link 5593:Aircraft seat map 5588:Aircraft lavatory 5319:Regional airlines 5304:Low-cost airlines 5229: 5228: 5075:Polly Trottenberg 4569:"Lessons Learned" 4341:Los Angeles Times 3921:(April 3, 2008). 3918:Los Angeles Times 3139:on August 8, 2014 3020:Houston Chronicle 2984:Official website. 2393:FAA Order 8110.37 2339:American Airlines 2195:In 2007, two FAA 2154:Conflicting roles 2124: 2123: 2113:October 27, 2023 2086:Polly Trottenberg 1818:James B. Busey IV 1555:, carried out by 1346:Elwood R. Quesada 1239: 1238: 1231: 1155:Chicago, Illinois 1143:Fort Worth, Texas 1141:Southwest – 1125:Anchorage, Alaska 998:flight inspection 913: 912: 825:Firefly Aerospace 810:Bigelow Aerospace 238: 237: 16:(Redirected from 6431: 6109:Evacuation slide 6069:Airport security 5966:Baggage carousel 5933:Tokyo Convention 5861:Cape Town Treaty 5696:Domestic airport 5676:Airport terminal 5661:Airport check-in 5623:Inflight smoking 5508:Flight attendant 5357:Vanilla Alliance 5294:Charter airlines 5256: 5249: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5152: 5151: 5041: 5034: 5027: 5018: 5017: 5013: 5012: 4997:Internet Archive 4988:Federal Register 4968: 4963: 4962: 4960:Official website 4946: 4945: 4943: 4941: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4890: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4860: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4825: 4817: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4806: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4767: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4696: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4663: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4652: 4646: 4639: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4612: 4605: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4522: 4515: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4491: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4431: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4405: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4394: 4364: 4358: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4274: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4241: 4235: 4234: 4232: 4230: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4170:. 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Archived from 3768:Associated Press 3753: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3689: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3654: 3646: 3640: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3620: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3406: 3398: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3362: 3353: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3317: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3238: 3236: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3203: 3196: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3066: 3060: 3059: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3010: 3004: 2991: 2985: 2972: 2966: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2927: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2901: 2895: 2882: 2876: 2863: 2857: 2844: 2838: 2825: 2819: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2681: 2618: 2613: 2612: 2611: 2604: 2599: 2598: 2597: 2436:FAA Order 8100.8 2385:FAA Order 8100.8 2322:Boeing 737 MAX 8 2226:FAA safety rules 2173:Associated Press 2109:Michael Whitaker 2105: 2093:October 27, 2023 2082: 2059: 2037: 2018:Daniel K. Elwell 2014: 1992: 1970: 1947: 1924: 1902: 1880: 1858: 1836: 1814: 1796:T. Allan McArtor 1792: 1770: 1748: 1726: 1704: 1682: 1660: 1642:William F. McKee 1638: 1616: 1594: 1570: 1569: 1439:noise mitigation 1404:Canton, Michigan 1260:licensing pilots 1248:Air Commerce Act 1234: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1214: 1191: 1183: 1161:Atlanta, Georgia 1159:Southern – 1101:Washington, D.C. 972: 970: 931:which regulates 905: 898: 891: 845:Northrop Grumman 411:Mars Exploration 284:U.S. Space Force 270: 265: 256: 240: 239: 225: 198:Michael Whitaker 191:Agency executive 182:19.807 billion ( 171: 170: 168: 167: 166: 161: 157: 154: 153: 152: 149: 138:Washington, D.C. 106:Preceding agency 101: 99: 94: 77:Washington, D.C. 73: 61: 49: 42: 38: 21: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6433: 6432: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6409:Aviation safety 6384: 6383: 6382: 6377: 6346: 6337:Baggage handler 6313: 6267:Open-jaw ticket 6242:Fare basis code 6189:Airline tickets 6183: 6124:Flight recorder 6026:Aviation safety 6020: 5996:Checked baggage 5981:Baggage handler 5976:Baggage reclaim 5942: 5923:Rome Convention 5813: 5790: 5778:Travel document 5730: 5637: 5537: 5513:Flight engineer 5469: 5366: 5323: 5265: 5260: 5230: 5225: 5153: 5149: 5144: 5083: 5062: 5050: 5045: 5010: 4979:Wayback Machine 4958: 4957: 4954: 4949: 4939: 4937: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4909: 4907: 4892: 4891: 4887: 4877: 4875: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4847: 4845: 4818: 4814: 4804: 4802: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4776: 4765: 4761: 4760: 4756: 4746: 4744: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4698: 4697: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4664: 4660: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4637: 4631: 4630: 4626: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4603: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4582: 4580: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4541: 4540: 4536: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4516:. p. 3-1. 4513: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4496: 4492:. p. 2-1. 4489: 4485: 4484: 4480: 4470: 4468: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4444: 4442: 4432: 4428: 4418: 4416: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4392: 4390: 4365: 4361: 4351: 4349: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4319: 4317: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4276: 4275: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4243: 4242: 4238: 4228: 4226: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4140: 4139: 4135: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4093: 4091: 4071: 4067: 4057: 4055: 4044: 4040: 4030: 4028: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4004: 4002: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3956: 3952: 3947:Wayback Machine 3937: 3933: 3927:Wayback Machine 3910: 3901: 3891: 3889: 3870: 3869: 3865: 3859:Wayback Machine 3849:Congress.gov, " 3848: 3844: 3838:Wayback Machine 3828:Congress.gov, " 3827: 3823: 3813: 3811: 3796: 3787: 3777: 3775: 3754: 3747: 3737: 3735: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3690: 3686: 3676: 3674: 3647: 3643: 3633: 3631: 3622: 3621: 3614: 3604: 3602: 3589: 3588: 3584: 3574: 3572: 3555: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3527: 3523: 3513: 3511: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3464: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3399: 3392: 3382: 3380: 3363: 3356: 3346: 3344: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3318: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3269: 3267: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3234: 3232: 3221: 3217: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3194: 3190: 3189: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3086: 3084: 3067: 3063: 3044: 3040: 3030: 3028: 3011: 3007: 3001:Wayback Machine 2992: 2988: 2982:Wayback Machine 2973: 2969: 2963:Wayback Machine 2954: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2929: 2928: 2924: 2914: 2912: 2903: 2902: 2898: 2892:Wayback Machine 2883: 2879: 2873:Wayback Machine 2864: 2860: 2854:Wayback Machine 2845: 2841: 2835:Wayback Machine 2826: 2822: 2816:Wayback Machine 2807: 2803: 2793: 2791: 2772: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2739: 2735: 2725: 2723: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2616:Aviation portal 2614: 2609: 2607: 2600: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2558: 2553: 2532: 2465: 2427: 2421: 2376: 2371: 2351: 2310: 2304: 2283: 2277: 2266:In August 2023 2264: 2247: 2193: 2164:Joseph Gutheinz 2156: 2151: 2128:Delta Air Lines 2041:Stephen Dickson 1862:David R. Hinson 1774:Donald D. Engen 1708:John L. McLucas 1664:John H. Shaffer 1579:Term start date 1565: 1455: 1432:noise pollution 1412: 1375:In 1967, a new 1373: 1348:, was a former 1330: 1244: 1235: 1224: 1218: 1215: 1204: 1192: 1181: 1165:Eastern – 1147:Central – 1084: 1040: 987: 985:Major functions 968: 966: 909: 880: 879: 870:Virgin Galactic 830:Lockheed Martin 795: 787: 786: 733: 725: 724: 705: 697: 696: 587: 577: 576: 526: 518: 517: 493: 483: 482: 401:Lunar Precursor 391:Large Strategic 371: 363: 362: 341:Commercial Crew 296: 288: 252: 221: 203: 200:, Administrator 164: 162: 158: 155: 150: 147: 145: 143: 142: 141: 136: 134: 115: 97: 95: 92: 83:Agency overview 74: 64: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6437: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6375: 6373:Mile high club 6370: 6365: 6360: 6354: 6352: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6323: 6321: 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6309:Travel website 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6284:Red-eye flight 6281: 6276: 6269: 6264: 6262:One-way travel 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6232:Continent pass 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6207:Airline ticket 6204: 6199: 6193: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6134:Overwing exits 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6084:Brace position 6081: 6076: 6074:Airspace class 6071: 6066: 6064:Airport police 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6030: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6018: 6013: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5952: 5950: 5944: 5943: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5903:Hague Protocol 5900: 5895: 5894: 5893: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5823: 5821: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5811: 5806: 5800: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5788: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5763:Departure card 5760: 5753:Border control 5750: 5744: 5742: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5666:Airport lounge 5663: 5658: 5653: 5647: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5583:Aircraft cabin 5580: 5579: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5561:Business class 5558: 5547: 5545: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5523:Aircraft pilot 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5493:Second officer 5490: 5485: 5479: 5477: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5467: 5466: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5444:Other regions 5442: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5415: 5409:United States 5407: 5406: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5379:International 5376: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5362:U-FLY Alliance 5359: 5354: 5352:Value Alliance 5349: 5344: 5339: 5333: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5275: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5259: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5236: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5223: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5207: 5202: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5178: 5177: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5163: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5091: 5085: 5084: 5082: 5081: 5072: 5066:Pete Buttigieg 5061: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5052: 5051: 5044: 5043: 5036: 5029: 5021: 5015: 5014: 4999: 4990: 4981: 4969: 4953: 4952:External links 4950: 4948: 4947: 4917: 4885: 4855: 4812: 4782: 4754: 4721: 4691: 4658: 4624: 4590: 4560: 4534: 4502: 4478: 4452: 4426: 4400: 4359: 4327: 4301: 4266: 4236: 4203: 4177: 4159: 4133: 4101: 4065: 4038: 4012: 3977: 3950: 3931: 3899: 3863: 3842: 3821: 3785: 3745: 3710: 3684: 3641: 3612: 3582: 3549: 3521: 3499: 3458: 3428: 3390: 3354: 3327: 3309: 3277: 3245: 3215: 3183: 3150: 3124: 3094: 3061: 3038: 3005: 2986: 2967: 2948: 2922: 2896: 2877: 2858: 2839: 2820: 2801: 2766: 2733: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2652: 2647: 2646:(generic term) 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2620: 2619: 2605: 2589: 2586: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2537:Boeing 737 MAX 2531: 2530:Notable CANICs 2528: 2526: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2517: 2516: 2515: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2506: 2505: 2499: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2490: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2481: 2480: 2464: 2461: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2439: 2423:Main article: 2420: 2417: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2350: 2349:Space division 2347: 2316:crash and the 2303: 2300: 2279:Main article: 2276: 2273: 2263: 2260: 2246: 2243: 2197:whistleblowers 2192: 2189: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2114: 2111: 2106: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2083: 2075: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2060: 2052: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2038: 2030: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2015: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1996:Michael Huerta 1993: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1971: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1948: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1925: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1886: 1881: 1873: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1859: 1851: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1837: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1815: 1807: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1793: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1771: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1749: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1730:Langhorne Bond 1727: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1705: 1697: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1683: 1675: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1661: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1617: 1609: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1595: 1587: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1564: 1561: 1454: 1451: 1411: 1408: 1372: 1369: 1329: 1326: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1195: 1193: 1186: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1169: 1163: 1157: 1151: 1145: 1139: 1133: 1127: 1083: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1069: 1065: 1062: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1031: 1024: 1017: 1007: 1004: 1001: 994: 986: 983: 933:civil aviation 911: 910: 908: 907: 900: 893: 885: 882: 881: 878: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 805:Ball Aerospace 802: 796: 793: 792: 789: 788: 785: 784: 779: 774: 773: 772: 767: 762: 752: 751: 750: 740: 734: 731: 730: 727: 726: 723: 722: 717: 712: 706: 703: 702: 699: 698: 695: 694: 692:Vulcan Centaur 689: 682: 677: 672: 667: 660: 659: 658: 653: 648: 643: 636: 626: 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 588: 583: 582: 579: 578: 575: 574: 573: 572: 562: 557: 556: 555: 545: 544: 543: 538: 527: 524: 523: 520: 519: 516: 515: 510: 505: 500: 494: 489: 488: 485: 484: 481: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 444: 443: 438: 433: 423: 418: 416:New Millennium 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 372: 369: 368: 365: 364: 361: 360: 355: 350: 345: 344: 343: 333: 332: 331: 318: 313: 308: 303: 297: 294: 293: 290: 289: 287: 286: 281: 275: 272: 271: 258: 257: 249: 248: 236: 235: 232: 231: 227: 226: 219: 215: 214: 209: 205: 204: 202: 201: 194: 192: 188: 187: 177: 173: 172: 131: 127: 126: 121: 117: 116: 114: 113: 109: 107: 103: 102: 89: 85: 84: 80: 79: 66: 65: 62: 54: 53: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6436: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6351:Miscellaneous 6349: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6316: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6304:Travel agency 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6271:Overbooking ( 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6222:Boarding pass 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6186: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6023: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5991:Baggage sizer 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5945: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5881:Flight permit 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5850: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5829: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5804:Hypermobility 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5793: 5787: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5758: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5737: 5733: 5727: 5726:Transit hotel 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5571:Economy class 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5553: 5552: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5498:Third officer 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5488:First officer 5486: 5484: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5472: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5408: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5373: 5369: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5347:Star Alliance 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5326: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5299:Flag carriers 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5289:Cargo airline 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5279:Airline codes 5277: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5257: 5252: 5250: 5245: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5234: 5221: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5179: 5174: 5171: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5086: 5080: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5058: 5057: 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