265:, being a significant source of energy due to their strong chemical bonds, were a prime source for scientific study in the Aegean Sea oil spill. Chemical markers were placed in a sample of the crude oil spilled, with interesting data revealed. Alkanes and acyclic hydrocarbons, both having single bonds, appeared to have deteriorated in only six months, while triterpane and steranane were still present after years of weathering. Both triterpane and steranane have multiple bonds, which is the reason they were still present after so many years. Researchers concluded that chemical markers can be of effective use against oil spills. These markers can allow scientists to determine how long the oil has contaminated seawater, and how the seawater affects the oil collected with water. This can be helpful in the process where spilled oil is collected and processed for reuse. Chemical markers may now be placed in the oil to determine how much the oil must be cleaned to be satisfactory for use.
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the
Fisheries Council aided the fishers with some reimbursements, these were nowhere close to fully compensating the fishermens' losses. A flood of claims from fishermen and the tourist industry came to the Spanish Court, totalling around 287 million dollars by 2001. Most of these claims were settled, but some claims remain litigious. The International Oil Pollution Compensation (IOPC), the Spanish Government, and the ship owner finally came to a settlement, with the last payment made in December 2003. In addition to the monetary settlements, the captain, Constantine Stavrides, and the pilot were also found criminally liable for negligence and for failing to follow regulations.
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The
Galician coast was an extremely vital source of income for Spain's fishing industry. Crab and lobster harvesting, salmon farming, and the main profit industry of shellfish farming were all affected by the spill. Soon after the oil spill, Spain ordered a study of the ecosystem in order to evaluate
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The Aegean Sea oil spill affected countless amounts of sea life. A Coruña's fishing industry received the hardest blow, with the ban of all fishing by the
Fisheries Council. A claim for fishermens' assistance that totalled nearly 3.53 million dollars was implemented soon after the oil spill. Although
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the ship was carrying. Spilled oil was contained through the use of booms, skimmers, and pumps, and with half of the ship still above water, the rescue team used pumps to drain the still intact tanks. Soon after, however, the ship caught on fire and continued to burn for a period of five days. The
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Clean-up crews were immediately sent to the disaster site, both on and offshore. Oil booms were placed around the spill in order to contain the oil. The booms collected around 5,000 cubic meters of an oil/water mixture. On shore, 1,200 cubic meters of contaminated sand and debris were treated for
182:, Spain, from Sullom Voe, Scotland. As the vessel prepared to enter the docks of A Coruña, the wind speed was above 50 kn (93 km/h; 58 mph), and visibility was under 100 m (110 yd), causing her to lose her assigned course and run aground off the coast of Galicia, near the
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seemed to be affected the worst by the oil spill, and experienced a high mortality rate and low abundance rate, up to the spring of 1995. Soon after, the species seemed to recover until the end of the study in 1996. Towards the end of the study, a trend was discovered in which resistant species
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scraped the bottom of the channel entrance in A Coruña, causing the ship to spill its cargo of 107,000 tons of oil. This affected sea life as well as subtidal sediments, but the surviving sea life developed defense mechanisms which allowed them to survive such a crisis. The sea life in A Coruña
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city of A Coruña was temporarily evacuated to protect its citizens from the hazards of the oil smoke. The remaining oil drifted with the strong currents produced by the wind, and as much as 300 km of coast line, as well as sea life along the coast, were affected by the spill.
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To determine the impact of the spill on sea life, a study was conducted to determine species richness, abundance, and biomass. Scientist analyzed changes from
December 1992 to November 1996, and found that the
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the damage done to the benthic fauna in the region, and muddy sediments. This study was enforced due to the fact that an earlier oil spill had occurred in the same area: on 12 May 1976, the supertanker
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A rescue team was sent immediately, and a helicopter was able to rescue all of the thirty-two man crew. However, the ship broke in half, allowing the release of 67,000 tonnes of the 79,000 tonnes of
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Aegean Sea. (n.d.). Cedre : Centre de documentation, de recherche et d'expérimentations sur les pollutions accidentelles des eaux. Retrieved 21 April 2013, from
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479:"The Aegean Sea Oil Spill in the Galicia coast (NW Spain). I. Distribution and fate of the Crude Oil and Combustion Products in Subtidal Sediments"
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conditions and affected the
Galician coast resulting in ecosystem damage, as well as damage to the fishing and tourist industries in A Coruña.
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Aegean Sea "Tankers, Big Oil and
Pollution Liability." (n.d.). Tankers, Big Oil and Pollution Liability. Retrieved 21 April 2013, from
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528:"Impact of the Aegean Sea oil spill on the subtidal fine sand macrobenthic community of the Ares-Betanzos Ria (Northwest Spain)"
336:, carrying 77,000 tons of oil split into two and spilled its cargo. About 10,000 tons of oil was spilled but the sunken hull of
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communities living in the coast of the affected areas displayed a similar trend as the original organisms affected by the
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coast. The ship had successfully passed all required tests and revisions. The accident occurred during
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A third oil spill occurred around the same area in A Coruña in
November 2002, in which a tanker,
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had sunk, pumps were placed in the stern that pumped out the remaining oil.
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that occurred on 3 December 1992 when the double-bottomed Greek-flagged
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360:: another oil tanker that sank off the Galician coast in 2002
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in A Coruña, and at the
Philippe Cousteau Museum at Salinas,
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1992 environmental disaster off the coast of
Galicia, Spain
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Pastor, D.; Sanchez, J.; Porte, C.; Albaiges, J. (2001).
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Tower of
Hercules in the light of the flames of the
340:is still leaking oil from her tanks to this day.
303:appeared to remain stable until the wreck of the
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174:On 3 December 1992, the Greek oil-ore carrier
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417:"El "Mar Egeo" y otros buques desmantelados"
526:Gomez Gesteira, J.L.; Dauvin, J.C. (2004).
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405:http://www.cedre.fr/en/spill/aegean_sea/ae
201:were recovered, and are now on display at
602:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1992
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80:Learn how and when to remove this message
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927:Environmental issues in Spain
535:Marine Environmental Research
506:10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00048-0
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419:(in Spanish). Archived from
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922:Maritime incidents in Spain
912:Man-made disasters in Spain
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238:Aftermath and investigation
230:oil. Since only the bow of
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917:Maritime incidents in 1992
327:dominated the ecosystem.
907:1992 industrial disasters
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486:Marine Pollution Bulletin
101:burning off the coast of
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902:1992 in the environment
64:more precise citations.
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932:Oil spills in Europe
283:Aquarium Finisterrae
203:Aquarium Finisterrae
18:Aegean Sea oil spill
942:History of A Coruña
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631:Vitse-Admiral Drozd
498:2001MarPB..42..895P
197:The two anchors of
167:burning behind the
423:on 8 February 2012
350:List of oil spills
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249:after the accident
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136:, en route to the
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258:Hydrocarbon study
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169:Tower of Hercules
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628:Mar :
62:introducing
891:Categories
861:43°23′20″N
783:K-276 Crab
735:Kısmetim-1
725:Aegean Sea
609:Shipwrecks
365:References
305:Aegean Sea
279:Aegean Sea
232:Aegean Sea
225:oil tanker
223:Aegean Sea
199:Aegean Sea
176:Aegean Sea
165:Aegean Sea
134:Aegean Sea
130:oil tanker
120:Aegean Sea
99:Aegean Sea
45:references
864:8°24′36″W
818:USS
799:Ingersoll
797:USS
788:collision
775:USS
713:TCG
692:USS
673:Mullinnix
671:USS
660:USS
619:USS
427:28 August
389:28 August
324:Amphipods
247:Oil spill
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651:Katina P
648:26 Apr:
641:Katina P
638:17 Apr:
555:15769501
383:Archived
357:Prestige
344:See also
338:Prestige
333:Prestige
317:Urquiola
300:Urquiola
293:, Spain
287:A Coruña
207:Asturias
180:A Coruña
156:Incident
146:Galician
142:A Coruña
103:A Coruña
70:May 2021
816:2 Oct:
806:7 Aug:
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617:7 Jan:
494:Bibcode
291:Galicia
107:Galicia
58:improve
745:Norsel
621:Darter
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138:Repsol
124:was a
47:, but
755:Titan
662:Indra
562:(PDF)
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513:(PDF)
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459:1 May
320:'
126:spill
111:Spain
846:1993
833:1991
704:Rozi
551:PMID
461:2013
429:2012
391:2012
117:The
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502:doi
355:MV
307:.
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281:at
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