726:
750:
86:
53:
299:
The area of these annexed territories was 94,000 square kilometres and the population was about 10 million, the great majority of whom were Poles. The annexed parts were controlled by a German administration ruled by a
Gauleiter, a system similar in practice to that of the Reich itself. Nearly 1
161:
gives the following numbers in regards to the ethnic composition of these areas: 38% Poles (ca. 5.1 million people), 37% Ukrainians, 14.5% Belarusians, 8.4% Jews, 0.9% Russians and 0.6% Germans. There were also 336,000 refugees from areas occupied by
Germany, most of them Jews (198,000). Areas
1002:
was formed. Its purpose was to administer the territories earmarked for the return to the newly reformed Poland. Starting with the communist decrees of 1946, the legal powers were passed on to local administration (see
17:
124:) in their entirety by Nazi Germany, and finally (following Soviet push westwards) by the Soviet Union again. In 1946, administrative control of the areas not annexed by the Soviet Union was returned to Poland.
1358:
1127:
according to the last official Polish census, the population was over 38% Poles (5.1 million), 37% Polish
Ukrainians (4.7 million), 14.5% Belarusians, 8.4% Jews, 0.9% Russians and 0.6% Germans.
157:
By the end of the Polish
Defensive War the Soviet Union had taken over 52.1% of the territory of Poland (circa 200,000 km), with over 13,700,000 people. The estimates vary; Professor
272:
Under the terms of two decrees by Hitler (8 October and 12 October 1939), large areas of western Poland were annexed to
Germany. These included all the territories taken by Prussia in
983:
of 1945. However, in terms of international politics, a far more important victory was won by Joseph Stalin already in 1943, when the
Western Allies yielded to his demands during the
1353:
1327:
1388:
1004:
245:). The total area, including the area given to Lithuania, was 201,000 square kilometres, with a population of 13.5 million. A small strip of land that was part of
175:
1378:
300:
million Poles were expelled from this German ruled area, while 600,000 Germans from eastern Europe and 400,000 from the German Reich were settled there.
1414:
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region, which was annexed by
Germany. These territories were largely inhabited by Ukrainians and Belarusians, with minorities of
810:
in the larger cities, particularly Warsaw, and the use of Polish civilians as forced and slave labour in German war industries.
827:
802:, was appointed "Governor-General of the occupied Polish territories" on 26 October 1939. Frank oversaw the segregation of the
430:
388:
183:
640:
368:
966:
267:
135:
was ethnically diverse: Poles were the largest single ethnic group, but there were non-Polish majorities in some regions:
823:
91:
1337:
616:
465:
398:
1266:
1258:
1227:
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363:
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Soviet forces returned to former territories of the Second Polish
Republic during the 1944 summer offensive,
425:
408:
191:
725:
901:
749:
359:
198:
62:
1278:
980:
976:
933:
915:
893:
460:
143:
in the north. Many of these people had felt alienated in the interwar Poland and welcomed the
Soviets.
822:, the June 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Polish territories previously annexed to the
1250:
456:
417:
318:
1145:
1287:(Great hunt: the persecutions of AK soldiers in the People's Republic of Poland). Internet Archive.
1106:
1016:
941:
1105:(1997). Włodzimierz Bonusiak; Stanisław Jan Ciesielski; Zygmunt Mańkowski; Mikołaj Iwanow (eds.).
1206:
Ryszard
Kaczmarek Górnoślązacy i górnośląscy gauleiterzy Biuletyn IPN NR 6–7 (41–42) 2004 page 46
421:
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33:
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819:
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273:
121:
75:
1305:
1015:
Throughout World War II, Poland had a unique underground administration maintained by the
8:
972:
678:
440:
58:
944:, which was incorporated into the General-Government and became its fifth district, the
1167:
1133:
764:
758:
598:
128:
42:
788:
131:, they partitioned the country. Germany took most of the ethnically Polish territory.
1262:
1254:
1223:
1186:
1112:
1083:
984:
945:
763:
The remaining block of territory was placed under a German administration called the
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325:
848:
780:
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742:
693:
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not incorporated into, but administered by Gau East Prussia, attached after the
478:
1044:
906:
884:
784:
730:
509:
187:
1403:
1300:
1242:
1108:
Sowietyzacja oświaty w Małopolsce Wschodniej pod radziecką okupacją 1939–1941
1024:
1020:
674:
649:
589:
289:
234:
85:
52:
1373:
1111:. Kielce: Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna im. Jana Kochanowskiego. p. 294.
872:
860:
574:
447:
292:, as well as a large area east of these territories, including the city of
285:
206:
202:
163:
117:
113:
844:
840:
557:
474:
470:
293:
1158:
Piotr Eberhardt, Political Migrations in Poland, 1939–1948, Warsaw 2006,
807:
729:
Hans Frank with districts administrators in 1942 from left: Ernst Kundt,
491:
333:
242:
140:
645:
538:
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1019:. For regional divisions of Poland by the underground army known as
772:
653:
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928:
250:
1035:
proceeded to eliminate all structures originating from the prewar
708:
in 1940, thus the Regierungsbezirk's name was changed accordingly.
660:
Gau or Regierungsbezirk only partially comprised annexed territory
487:
482:
910:
852:
565:
246:
222:
18:
Administrative division of Polish territories during World War II
682:
the annexed parts are also referred to as "East Upper Silesia" (
663:
the annexed parts are also referred to as "South East Prussia" (
1032:
868:
633:
582:
522:
499:
1010:
956:
871:
counties, which was "attached to" (but not incorporated into)
205:, annexed all Polish territory east of the line of the rivers
90:
Changes in administration of Polish territories following the
775:. The General Government was subdivided into four districts,
210:
171:
990:
With full Soviet control and sponsorship, in July 1944, the
987:, for the annexation of eastern Poland by the Soviet Union.
261:
1335:
1028:
803:
288:, as well as territories divided after plebiscites such as
238:
108:
can be divided into several phases. The territories of the
1284:
Wielkie polowanie: Prześladowania akowców w Polsce Ludowej
1219:
Stalin's Curse: Battling for Communism in War and Cold War
753:
Administrative map of the General Government, August 1941
1027:
Following the German surrender, Soviet agencies such as
769:
Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete
65:; division of Polish territories in the years 1939–1941
1005:
Administrative division of People's Republic of Poland
813:
129:
Germany and the Soviet Union conquered Poland in 1939
106:
Subdivision of Polish territories during World War II
1101:
201:, adjusted by agreement on 28 September 1939, the
1057:German military administration in occupied Poland
720:
1401:
1215:
677:was created in 1941, before it was part of Gau
276:which Germany subsequently lost under the 1918
712:Nazi German invasion of the Soviet Union, 1941
1321:
1097:
1095:
1039:. Over 20,000 Poles, including the hero of
1011:Destruction of the Polish Underground State
957:Return of Soviet administration (1944–1945)
1328:
1314:
1092:
830:were organized by the Germans as follows:
256:
146:
1415:Former administrative divisions of Poland
262:Annexation of selected Polish territories
1152:
1125:Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union
1123:Of the 13.5 million civilians living in
748:
724:
153:Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union
94:in 1941. The map shows the state in 1944
992:Polish Committee of National Liberation
963:Polish Committee of National Liberation
122:the German invasion of the Soviet Union
14:
1402:
1191:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1047:, were murdered in communist prisons.
1309:
1301:Map of Poland under German occupation
1247:God's Playground: A History of Poland
909:" (the western section of modern-day
1272:
1069:
996:Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego
967:Rape during the liberation of Poland
924:Generalbezirk Wolhynien und Podolien
798:A German lawyer and prominent Nazi,
268:Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany
221:, except for the area around Wilno (
133:The area annexed by the Soviet Union
814:German invasion of the Soviet Union
92:German invasion of the Soviet Union
24:
1338:administrative divisions of Poland
1236:
931:, which was incorporated into the
25:
1426:
1294:
414:initially Reichsgau West Prussia
306:Nazi German administrative units
112:were first administered first by
1410:Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
1222:. Oxford U.P. pp. 177–178.
170:, with the exception of area of
84:
51:
1025:areas and regions of operation.
891:, itself incorporated into the
249:before 1914, was also given to
120:(in the east), then (following
1209:
1200:
721:Creation of General Government
13:
1:
1253:, 1982 and several reprints.
1082:, pp. 4, 5, Princeton, 2005,
1000:Polish provisional government
409:Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia
309:Annexed administrative units
913:) was incorporated into the
692:named after the chief city,
7:
1389:People's Republic of Poland
1354:Crown of the Polish Kingdom
1050:
902:Generalbezirk Weißruthenien
168:annexed to Soviet territory
10:
1431:
1121:– via Google Books.
960:
934:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
916:Reichskommissariat Ostland
894:Reichskommissariat Ostland
756:
352:initially Reichsgau Posen
265:
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1251:Columbia University Press
1216:Robert Gellately (2013).
927:– the Polish province of
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1017:Polish Underground State
700:. The German equivalent
771:), with its capital at
257:German zone (1939–1945)
199:Molotov–Ribbentrop pact
197:Under the terms of the
147:Soviet zone (1939–1941)
37:by the occupying powers
1379:Second Polish Republic
1080:Revolution from Abroad
1037:Second Polish Republic
981:Vistula–Oder Offensive
977:Lublin–Brest Offensive
975:, specifically in the
887:was incorporated into
843:), which included the
828:Byelorussian republics
754:
746:
697:
687:
668:
241:(see exact numbers in
225:), which was given to
116:(in the west) and the
110:Second Polish Republic
880:Generalbezirk Litauen
752:
728:
184:soon attached to USSR
1103:Elżbieta Trela-Mazur
820:Operation Barbarossa
412:(Danzig-Westpreußen)
347:Reichsgau Wartheland
329:(government region)
278:Treaty of Versailles
274:Partitions of Poland
159:Elżbieta Trela-Mazur
1281:, 02.10.04 Nr 232,
1249:. Vol 2. New York:
1197:: 10,568,000 people
973:Operation Bagration
608:Autonomous Silesian
549:(attached in 1941)
441:Free City of Danzig
61:– aftermath of the
59:Partition of Poland
1173:on 18 October 2011
765:General Government
759:General Government
755:
747:
453:southernmost part
431:Greater Pomeranian
1397:
1396:
1374:Privislinsky Krai
1349:Kingdom of Poland
985:Tehran Conference
950:Distrikt Galizien
946:Galician District
718:
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595:easternmost part
139:in the south and
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16:(Redirected from
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1166:. Archived from
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1076:Jan Tomasz Gross
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836:Bezirk Bialystok
741:, Ernst Zörner,
704:was rendered to
688:Ostoberschlesien
546:Bezirk Bialystok
326:Regierungsbezirk
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280:, including the
162:occupied by the
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63:Nazi–Soviet Pact
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743:Richard Wendler
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593:(Oberschlesien)
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282:Polish Corridor
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192:Soviet republic
176:was transferred
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757:Main article:
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1202:
1175:. Retrieved
1168:the original
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1079:
1071:
1014:
995:
989:
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949:
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873:East Prussia
834:
817:
808:Nazi ghettos
797:
792:
768:
762:
739:Otto Wächter
705:
701:
662:
537:and part of
451:(Ostpreußen)
448:East Prussia
426:Marienwerder
298:
286:Wielkopolska
271:
203:Soviet Union
196:
156:
126:
118:Soviet Union
114:Nazi Germany
105:
104:
76:
43:
32:Division of
26:
1142:|work=
998:, PKWN), a
767:(in German
403:one county
350:(Warthegau)
334:voivodeship
322:(province)
243:Curzon line
182:, although
141:Belarusians
1404:Categories
1359:Partitions
1177:8 February
1118:8371331002
961:See also:
800:Hans Frank
735:Hans Frank
389:Pomeranian
360:Hohensalza
229:, and the
137:Ukrainians
1144:ignored (
1134:cite book
1041:Auschwitz
889:Lithuania
865:Volkovysk
845:Białystok
841:Białystok
824:Ukrainian
630:Zawiercie
622:Sosnowiec
599:Kattowitz
579:Volkovysk
558:Białystok
553:Białystok
530:Białystok
519:Sochaczew
510:Ostrołęka
504:parts of
496:Przasnysz
475:Działdowo
471:Ciechanów
461:Gumbinnen
341:Counties
315:Reichsgau
227:Lithuania
190:became a
188:Lithuania
180:Lithuania
1187:cite web
1051:See also
929:Volhynia
650:Oświęcim
646:Chrzanów
539:Augustów
457:Zichenau
418:Bromberg
251:Slovakia
174:, which
942:Galicia
911:Belarus
861:Sokółka
853:Grajewo
679:Silesia
575:Sokółka
566:Grajewo
535:Suwałki
514:Pułtusk
332:Polish
247:Hungary
231:Suwałki
223:Vilnius
186:, when
77:1941–44
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869:Grodno
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789:Kraków
787:, and
781:Lublin
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1336:Past
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