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437:, such as human cells, they are often a target for antibiotics. In 2000 and 2001, she determined the complete high-resolution structures of both ribosomal subunits and discovered within the otherwise asymmetric ribosome, the universal symmetrical region that provides the framework and navigates the process of polypeptide polymerization. Consequently, she showed that the ribosome is a
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and came from a rabbinical family. They settled in
Jerusalem and ran a grocery, but found it difficult to make ends meet. They lived in cramped quarters with several other families, and Yonath remembers "books" being the only thing she had to keep her occupied. Despite their poverty, her parents sent
510:
453:. In 1993 she visualized the path taken by the nascent proteins, namely the ribosomal tunnel, and recently revealed the dynamics elements enabling its involvement in elongation arrest, gating, intra-cellular regulation and nascent chain trafficking into their folding space.
507:
316:
Yonath was accepted to Tichon Hadash high school although her mother could not pay the tuition. She gave math lessons to students in return. As a youngster, she says she was inspired by the Polish and naturalized-French scientist
494:
prisoners, saying that "holding
Palestinians captive encourages and perpetuates their motivation to harm Israel and its citizens ... once we don't have any prisoners to release they will have no reason to kidnap soldiers".
987:
1306:
Hope, H.; Frolow, F.; von BĂśhlen, K.; Makowski, I.; Kratky, C.; Halfon, Y.; Danz, H.; Webster, P.; Bartels, K. S.; Wittmann, H. G.; Yonath, A. (1 April 1989). "Cryocrystallography of ribosomal particles".
506:
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468:, deciphered the structural basis for antibiotic selectivity and showed how it plays a key role in clinical usefulness and therapeutic effectiveness, thus paving the way for structure-based
321:. However, she stresses that Curie, whom she as a child was fascinated by after reading her biography, was not her "role model". She returned to Jerusalem for college, graduating from the
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out of ten
Israeli Nobel laureates, the first woman from the Middle East to win a Nobel prize in the sciences, and the first woman in 45 years to win the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
429:, by ribosomal crystallography, a research line she pioneered over twenty years ago despite considerable skepticism of the international scientific community. Ribosomes translate
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Traub, Wolfie; Yonath, Ada (1966). "Polymers of
Tripeptides as Collagen Models .I. X-RAY Studies of Poly (L-PROLYL-GLYCYL-L-PROLINE) and related Polytripeptides".
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for her pioneering contributions to protein biosynthesis in the field of ribosomal crystallography and her introduction of innovative techniques in
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She has one daughter, Hagit Yonath, a doctor at Sheba
Medical Center, and a granddaughter, Noa. She is the cousin of anti-occupation activist
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Yonath, Ada; Traub, Wolfie (1969). "Polymers of
Tripeptides as Collagen Models .4. Structure Analysis of Poly (L-PROLYL-GLYCYL-L-PROLINE)".
781:
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848:"Transcript of the telephone interview with Ada E. Yonath immediately following the announcement of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry"
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Talk given at Moriah
College, Sydney, 18 February 2010 as noted by a student present from James Ruse Agricultural High School
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2015:
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234:. She is the current director of the Helen and Milton A. Kimmelman Center for Biomolecular Structure and Assembly of the
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479:, which became routine in structural biology and allowed intricate projects otherwise considered formidable.
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for her studies on the structure and function of the ribosome, becoming the first
Israeli woman to win the
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1727:
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At the
Weizmann Institute, Yonath is the incumbent of the Martin S. and Helen Kimmel Professorial Chair.
1712:
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neighborhood to assure her a good education. When her father died at the age of 42, the family moved to
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691:
684:
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372:
1503:
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683:, the De La Salle University, Manila/Philippines; the Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble/France; the
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2019:
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134:
1620:"Commencement Speakers and Honorary Degree Recipients â Leadership â Carnegie Mellon University"
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into protein and because they have slightly different structures in microbes, when compared to
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crystallography laboratory in Israel. Then, from 1979 to 1984 she was a group leader with
8:
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74:
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422:, Germany (1986â2004) in parallel to her research activities at the Weizmann Institute.
230:
and Nobel laureate in
Chemistry, best known for her pioneering work on the structure of
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538:. On Saturday, 18 October 2014, Professor Yonath was named an ordinary member of the
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1973:
indicate a Nobel Memorial Prize, i.e. not one of the original Prizes bequested by
1259:"New chemistry Nobelist was UChicago visiting prof, conducted research at Argonne"
1179:"Israel's Prof. Ada Yonath wins Nobel Prize for Chemistry â Haaretz â Israel News"
1015:"Former 'village fool' takes the prize â Science and Environment â Jerusalem Post"
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379:(1970). While a postdoc at MIT she spent some time in the lab of subsequent 1976
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Telephone interview with Ada Yonath during the announcement of the Nobel Prize
39:
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Additionally, Yonath elucidated the modes of action of over twenty different
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For enabling ribosomal crystallography Yonath introduced a novel technique,
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988:"Israeli professor receives Life's Work Prize for women in science"
438:
342:
310:
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1368:
419:
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274:
4413:
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1358:
Israeli Nobel Laureate calls for release of all Hamas prisoners
394:
In 1970, she established what was for nearly a decade the only
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293:
285:
90:
78:
4956:
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
2014:
1315:(2). International Union of Crystallography (IUCr): 190â199.
491:
301:
266:
3692:
1305:
938:
Candid Science VI: More Conversations with Famous Scientists
990:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 28 July 2008. Archived from
782:"Israel Prize Official Site (in Hebrew) â Recipient's C.V."
415:
277:
430:
376:
4886:
Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
702:
In 2023, she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the
391:
where she was inspired to pursue very large structures.
823:
Women in Leadership: Contextual Dynamics and Boundaries
4891:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
4881:
Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
679:
In 2015, she was awarded Honorary Doctorates from the
4876:
Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts
4871:
L'OrĂŠal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science laureates
1309:
Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science
878:"×× ×"× ××××× × (p. 4; 18.11.09 "×××ע×ת ××ר×× ×ת") PDF"
690:
In 2018, she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from
490:
She has called for the unconditional release of all
1724:"APS user shares the âIsraeli Nobelâ for chemistry"
1453:"Ada YonathâFirst Israeli Woman to win Nobel Prize"
649:). She was the first Israeli woman to be awarded a
934:
840:
460:targeting the ribosome, illuminated mechanisms of
826:. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. p. 191.
687:, Lodz/Poland; and the University of Warwick, UK.
4801:Albert Einstein World Award of Science Laureates
4762:
4115:Albert Einstein World Award of Science Laureates
1289:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 â Speed Read"
1012:
333:in 1964. In 1968, she obtained her PhD from the
273:. Her parents, Hillel and Esther Lifshitz, were
140:L'OrĂŠal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science (2008)
4911:Academic staff of Weizmann Institute of Science
1752:Talk of Ada Yonath at the Origins 2011 congress
1737:The Official Site of Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize
3414:
1479:"Medalists Archive â ALL MEDALISTS SINCE 1921"
1247:, 48, Am. Chem. Soc., p. 35, 30 November 2009.
1065:Talk given at Moriah College, 18 February 2010
4399:
4099:
3678:
3400:
2000:
1783:
1414:
1404:"Albert Einstein World Award of Science 2008"
613:(Medicine) and Professor Eli Keshet (Biology)
549:Her awards and honors include the following:
406:in Berlin. She was visiting professor at the
1234:Lipscomb Feted in Honor of his 90th Birthday
1226:
928:
425:Yonath focuses on the mechanisms underlying
265:Ada Lifshitz (later Yonath) was born in the
1141:
1106:
607:The EMET Prize for Art, Science and Culture
404:Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
4406:
4392:
4106:
4092:
3685:
3671:
3407:
3393:
2007:
1993:
1790:
1776:
1760:
1742:Weizmann Institute of Science, Yonath-Site
1572:"Honorary Graduand Orations â Summer 2015"
1170:
1013:Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy (17 January 2012).
618:Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize
520:United States National Academy of Sciences
371:Yonath accepted postdoctoral positions at
1091:
1006:
528:Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
498:
3515:(Hong Kong/United Kingdom/United States)
787:
502:
359:
345:, with Wolfie Traub as her PhD advisor.
4831:Israeli people of Polish-Jewish descent
1527:. German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
1076:"(IUCr) European Crystallography Prize"
960:(In this source the surname is spelled
941:. Imperial College Press. p. 390.
609:in Life Sciences, along with Professor
536:European Molecular Biology Organization
4763:
1444:
980:
819:
793:
628:Albert Einstein World Award of Science
144:Albert Einstein World Award of Science
4387:
4087:
3666:
3388:
1988:
1771:
1450:
1256:
1208:Former 'village fool' takes the prize
1176:
935:Hargittai, I.; Hargittai, M. (2006).
906:
813:
796:"Nobel Prize Winner 'Happy, Shocked'"
674:German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
524:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
449:formation and for substrate-mediated
221:
4951:Foreign members of the Royal Society
4916:Weizmann Institute of Science alumni
4816:Israel Prize in chemistry recipients
1547:"Past Recipients â Honorary Degrees"
1432:from the original on 10 October 2009
1299:
532:European Academy of Sciences and Art
355:
296:in 1933 before the establishment of
698:Foreign Member of the Royal Society
672:In 2013 she became a member of the
226:; born 22 June 1939) is an Israeli
214:
13:
4931:Carnegie Mellon University fellows
1732:United States Department of Energy
1080:Journal of Applied Crystallography
914:"Ada Yonathâ L'OrĂŠal-UNESCO Award"
485:
329:in 1962, and a master's degree in
14:
4967:
4921:Wolf Prize in Chemistry laureates
1688:
1504:"Laureaci Medali i NagrĂłd PTChem"
1245:Chemical and Engineering News, 87
794:Lappin, Yaakov (7 October 2009).
774:
681:University of Southern California
4141:Monokombu Sambasivan Swaminathan
2237:
1799:
1695:
1483:Wilhelm Exner Medaillen Stiftung
1455:. Jewish Journal. Archived from
1051:. 5 October 2011. Archived from
854:. 6 October 2015. Archived from
38:
1659:
1637:
1612:
1582:
1564:
1539:
1517:
1496:
1471:
1422:"Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009"
1396:
1374:
1351:
1281:
1250:
1201:
1177:Ilani, Ofri (3 December 2009).
1135:
1100:
1068:
1059:
1045:"ISRAEL21c â Uncovering Israel"
1037:
737:List of Israeli Nobel laureates
727:List of Israel Prize recipients
3558:(United Kingdom/United States)
3436:(United States/United Kingdom)
1730:Advanced Photon Source (APS),
1590:"Uniwersytet Medyczny w Ĺodzi"
1451:Wills, Adam (7 October 2009).
971:
920:. 8 March 2008. Archived from
870:
742:List of Jewish Nobel laureates
732:List of female Nobel laureates
540:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
441:that places its substrates in
323:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
104:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
1:
4946:21st-century women scientists
4941:20th-century women scientists
4906:University of Chicago faculty
4861:Jews from Mandatory Palestine
4821:Israel Prize women recipients
1747:Ada Yonath's Publication list
1121:10.1016/S0022-2836(66)80182-1
767:
366:Weizmann Institute of Science
335:Weizmann Institute of Science
305:her to school in the upscale
241:In 2009, Yonath received the
236:Weizmann Institute of Science
175:Weizmann Institute of Science
109:Weizmann Institute of Science
4786:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
1388:(in Italian). Archived from
1156:10.1016/0022-2836(69)90352-0
1144:Journal of Molecular Biology
1109:Journal of Molecular Biology
757:Timeline of women in science
341:studies on the structure of
325:with a bachelor's degree in
282:British Mandate of Palestine
260:
75:British Mandate of Palestine
7:
1728:Argonne National Laboratory
710:
696:In 2020, she was elected a
16:Israeli chemist (born 1939)
10:
4972:
692:Carnegie Mellon University
685:Medical University of Lodz
579:Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize
518:Yonath is a member of the
373:Carnegie Mellon University
4896:Scientists from Jerusalem
4697:
4685:
4429:
4310:
4239:
4168:
4121:
4032:
3949:
3886:
3817:
3724:
3701:
3590:
3565:
3546:(United States/Australia)
3534:
3503:
3479:
3455:
3424:
3043:
2744:
2485:
2246:
2235:
2026:
1968:
1812:
1329:10.1107/s0108768188013710
1217:, Judy Siegel-Itzkovich,
1093:10.1107/S0021889800008281
410:in 1977â78. She headed a
200:
184:
170:
162:
155:
125:
117:
96:
86:
49:
37:
30:
23:
4901:Scientists from Tel Aviv
4846:Israeli women scientists
3161:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2440:Wendell Meredith Stanley
2020:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1086:(4): 1195. August 2000.
647:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
639:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
632:cryo bio-crystallography
477:cryo bio-crystallography
385:William N. Lipscomb, Jr.
247:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
243:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
149:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
121:Cryo bio-crystallography
31:
4936:Massry Prize recipients
4866:Jewish women scientists
4796:Israeli Nobel laureates
3965:Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
3695:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
1806:Israeli Nobel laureates
1551:honorarydegrees.usc.edu
1363:8 February 2010 at the
1213:17 January 2012 at the
747:List of peace activists
704:Jagiellonian University
668:Polish Chemical Society
585:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
135:Wolf Prize in Chemistry
4841:Israeli women chemists
3596:Nobel Prize recipients
3536:Physiology or Medicine
3521:(Canada/United States)
3325:Emmanuelle Charpentier
3313:M. Stanley Whittingham
2284:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
820:Klenke, Karin (2011).
752:List of RNA biologists
722:History of RNA biology
573:Paul Karrer Gold Medal
515:
499:Awards and recognition
368:
339:X-ray crystallographic
280:who immigrated to the
4791:Women Nobel laureates
4576:Raymond Pierrehumbert
4182:Albrecht Fleckenstein
3861:Samuel J. Danishefsky
2695:Christian B. Anfinsen
2335:FrĂŠdĂŠric Joliot-Curie
513:
408:University of Chicago
400:Heinz-GĂźnter Wittmann
381:chemistry Nobel Prize
363:
179:University of Chicago
4366:Jean-Pierre Changeux
3798:Raphael David Levine
3744:John Charles Polanyi
3581:Oliver E. Williamson
3357:Karl Barry Sharpless
2854:Dudley R. Herschbach
2679:Luis Federico Leloir
1667:"Honorary Doctorate"
1239:14 July 2014 at the
427:protein biosynthesis
412:Max-Planck Institute
223:[ËadajoËnat]
4811:Israeli biochemists
4781:People from Rehovot
4468:William C. Campbell
4058:Benjamin F. Cravatt
4054:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
4019:Stephen L. Buchwald
3758:Harden M. McConnell
3754:Herbert S. Gutowsky
3544:Elizabeth Blackburn
3349:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
3261:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
2998:Jens Christian Skou
2966:F. Sherwood Rowland
2878:Charles J. Pedersen
2842:Herbert A. Hauptman
2535:Vincent du Vigneaud
2152:Richard Willstätter
2036:Jacobus van 't Hoff
1392:on 22 October 2014.
1321:1989AcCrB..45..190H
924:on 17 January 2012.
658:Wilhelm Exner Medal
641:(co-recipient with
300:. Her father was a
4740:Ramamoorthy Ramesh
4571:Oliver L. Phillips
4503:François Guillemot
4447:Malcolm J. Bennett
4348:Ewine van Dishoeck
4224:Charles R. Goldman
4218:Jean-Marie Ghuysen
4188:Raymond U. Lemieux
4040:Leslie Leiserowitz
3936:William E. Moerner
3908:K. Barry Sharpless
3778:Albert Eschenmoser
3748:George C. Pimentel
3434:Venki Ramakrishnan
3309:John B. Goodenough
3237:William E. Moerner
3117:Richard R. Schrock
3089:Roderick MacKinnon
3061:K. Barry Sharpless
2886:Johann Deisenhofer
2715:Geoffrey Wilkinson
2711:Ernst Otto Fischer
2635:Robert S. Mulliken
2571:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝
2519:Hermann Staudinger
2339:Irène Joliot-Curie
1819:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
1759:on Nobelprize.org
1576:www2.warwick.ac.uk
1382:"Rinunce e nomine"
1220:The Jerusalem Post
1189:on 3 December 2009
1025:on 17 January 2012
762:Women in chemistry
516:
389:Harvard University
369:
364:Ada Yonath at the
4836:Israeli pacifists
4806:Crystallographers
4758:
4757:
4735:Margaret Kivelson
4536:Alexander Makarov
4522:Andrew P. Jackson
4381:
4380:
4271:Ralph J. Cicerone
4206:Herbert H. Jasper
4153:Margaret Burbidge
4081:
4080:
4050:Bonnie L. Bassler
4003:Robert G. Bergman
3975:Charles M. Lieber
3871:Gabor A. Somorjai
3808:Alan R. Battersby
3784:David C. Phillips
3774:Elias James Corey
3768:Rudolph A. Marcus
3693:Laureates of the
3660:
3659:
3567:Economic Sciences
3472:(Germany/Romania)
3382:
3381:
3365:Moungi G. Bawendi
3285:Richard Henderson
3129:Roger D. Kornberg
3097:Aaron Ciechanover
2930:Rudolph A. Marcus
2834:Robert Merrifield
2770:Peter D. Mitchell
2543:Cyril Hinshelwood
2304:Friedrich Bergius
2228:Richard Zsigmondy
2144:Theodore Richards
2092:Ernest Rutherford
1982:
1981:
1877:Aaron Ciechanover
948:978-1-86094-885-5
858:on 6 October 2015
833:978-0-85724-561-8
664:Marie Curie Medal
511:
414:Research Unit at
356:Scientific career
204:
203:
157:Scientific career
4963:
4926:Women biologists
4856:Jewish pacifists
4725:Else Marie Friis
4654:Richard Thompson
4644:Andrew M. Stuart
4639:Donna Strickland
4605:Michael Rudnicki
4493:Adam Eyre-Walker
4483:Vikram Deshpande
4408:
4401:
4394:
4385:
4384:
4301:John T. Houghton
4259:Daniel H. Janzen
4200:Sherwood Rowland
4129:Ricardo Bressani
4108:
4101:
4094:
4085:
4084:
4072:Jeffery W. Kelly
3997:Stuart Schreiber
3981:Robert S. Langer
3894:F. Albert Cotton
3825:Richard R. Ernst
3687:
3680:
3673:
3664:
3663:
3598:
3550:Carol W. Greider
3440:Thomas A. Steitz
3409:
3402:
3395:
3386:
3385:
3375:
3373:Alexei I. Ekimov
3359:
3353:Morten P. Meldal
3343:
3331:
3319:
3303:
3287:
3277:Jacques Dubochet
3271:
3255:
3239:
3223:
3207:
3201:Robert Lefkowitz
3195:
3187:
3171:
3165:Thomas A. Steitz
3155:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3113:Robert H. Grubbs
3107:
3091:
3079:
3063:
3036:
3034:Hideki Shirakawa
3020:
3012:
3000:
2984:
2968:
2952:
2944:
2932:
2924:
2922:Richard R. Ernst
2916:
2908:
2896:
2880:
2864:
2848:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2800:
2798:Frederick Sanger
2784:
2778:Herbert C. Brown
2772:
2764:
2756:
2754:William Lipscomb
2737:
2725:
2717:
2705:
2689:
2687:Gerhard Herzberg
2681:
2673:
2661:
2653:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2601:
2589:
2581:
2573:
2565:
2563:Frederick Sanger
2557:
2549:
2547:Nikolay Semyonov
2537:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2501:
2499:Glenn T. Seaborg
2478:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2426:
2424:Artturi Virtanen
2418:
2410:
2408:George de Hevesy
2402:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2381:
2369:
2361:
2349:
2341:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2314:
2306:
2294:
2286:
2274:
2266:
2264:Heinrich Wieland
2258:
2256:Theodor Svedberg
2241:
2240:
2230:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2154:
2146:
2138:
2130:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2068:Adolf von Baeyer
2062:
2054:
2052:Svante Arrhenius
2046:
2038:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1961:
1946:
1929:
1916:
1903:
1888:
1871:
1856:
1839:
1826:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1699:
1698:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1596:. Archived from
1586:
1580:
1579:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1459:on 22 April 2016
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1426:Nobel Foundation
1418:
1412:
1411:
1410:on 4 March 2014.
1406:. Archived from
1400:
1394:
1393:
1378:
1372:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1265:. Archived from
1254:
1248:
1230:
1224:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1185:. Archived from
1174:
1168:
1167:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1055:on 24 June 2016.
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1021:. Archived from
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
994:on 29 March 2019
984:
978:
975:
969:
959:
957:
955:
932:
926:
925:
910:
904:
903:
901:
899:
894:on 25 April 2012
893:
887:. Archived from
882:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
844:
838:
837:
817:
811:
810:
808:
806:
791:
785:
784:
778:
596:Rothschild Prize
512:
251:Thomas A. Steitz
228:crystallographer
225:
220:
216:
195:F. Albert Cotton
186:Doctoral advisor
67:
63:
61:
42:
21:
20:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4851:Jewish chemists
4761:
4760:
4759:
4754:
4745:Wendelin Werner
4710:Francis Collins
4693:
4681:
4664:Nicholas Turner
4649:Sarah Teichmann
4609:William Schafer
4518:Ehud Hrushovski
4478:G. Marius Clore
4455:Zulfiqar Bhutta
4437:Timothy Behrens
4425:
4412:
4382:
4377:
4330:Michael Grätzel
4306:
4289:Fraser Stoddart
4253:Niels Birbaumer
4235:
4230:Robert Weinberg
4164:
4117:
4112:
4082:
4077:
4028:
4023:John F. Hartwig
3971:Paul Alivisatos
3945:
3920:Richard N. Zare
3882:
3877:Raymond Lemieux
3829:Alexander Pines
3813:
3720:
3697:
3691:
3661:
3656:
3594:
3586:
3583:(United States)
3577:(United States)
3561:
3556:Jack W. Szostak
3552:(United States)
3530:
3527:(United States)
3525:George E. Smith
3499:
3496:(United States)
3475:
3451:
3442:(United States)
3420:
3413:
3383:
3378:
3362:
3346:
3337:David MacMillan
3334:
3329:Jennifer Doudna
3322:
3306:
3290:
3274:
3265:Fraser Stoddart
3258:
3249:Paul L. Modrich
3242:
3226:
3210:
3198:
3190:
3185:Ei-ichi Negishi
3177:Richard F. Heck
3174:
3158:
3145:Osamu Shimomura
3142:
3134:
3126:
3110:
3094:
3082:
3066:
3053:William Knowles
3050:
3039:
3030:Alan MacDiarmid
3023:
3015:
3003:
2987:
2982:Richard Smalley
2971:
2958:Paul J. Crutzen
2955:
2947:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2899:
2883:
2874:Jean-Marie Lehn
2867:
2851:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2803:
2787:
2775:
2767:
2759:
2751:
2740:
2735:Vladimir Prelog
2728:
2720:
2708:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2664:
2656:
2640:
2632:
2627:Robert Woodward
2624:
2619:Dorothy Hodgkin
2616:
2604:
2592:
2584:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2552:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2504:
2492:
2481:
2469:
2464:William Giauque
2461:
2453:
2448:Robert Robinson
2445:
2432:James B. Sumner
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2379:Leopold RuĹžiÄka
2375:Adolf Butenandt
2372:
2364:
2352:
2344:
2332:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2312:Irving Langmuir
2309:
2297:
2289:
2277:
2269:
2261:
2253:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2197:Frederick Soddy
2194:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2141:
2133:
2124:Victor Grignard
2121:
2113:
2105:
2100:Wilhelm Ostwald
2097:
2089:
2081:
2073:
2065:
2057:
2049:
2041:
2033:
2022:
2013:
1983:
1978:
1964:
1949:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1891:
1874:
1863:Daniel Kahneman
1859:
1842:
1829:
1816:
1808:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1647:. Royal Society
1643:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1600:on 4 March 2016
1588:
1587:
1583:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1460:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1371:10 October 2009
1365:Wayback Machine
1356:
1352:
1304:
1300:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1269:on 10 June 2010
1255:
1251:
1241:Wayback Machine
1231:
1227:
1215:Wayback Machine
1206:
1202:
1192:
1190:
1175:
1171:
1140:
1136:
1105:
1101:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
986:
985:
981:
976:
972:
953:
951:
949:
933:
929:
912:
911:
907:
897:
895:
891:
880:
876:
875:
871:
861:
859:
846:
845:
841:
834:
818:
814:
804:
802:
792:
788:
780:
779:
775:
770:
717:Women of Israel
713:
666:awarded by the
503:
501:
488:
486:Political Views
462:drug resistance
443:stereochemistry
358:
263:
218:
177:
166:Crystallography
147:
142:
138:
133:
113:
97:Alma mater
82:
68:
65:
59:
57:
56:
55:
45:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4969:
4959:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4730:Regine Kahmann
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4705:Frances Arnold
4701:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4687:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4673:Alan M. Wilson
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4624:Stephen Smartt
4621:
4616:
4614:Nigel Scrutton
4611:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4546:Iain McCulloch
4543:
4541:Keith Matthews
4538:
4533:
4528:
4526:George Jackson
4523:
4520:
4515:
4513:Marian Holness
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4411:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4388:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4372:Zhong Lin Wang
4369:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4345:
4339:
4333:
4327:
4321:
4318:Julio Montaner
4314:
4312:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4298:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4197:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4088:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4061:
4047:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4016:
4006:
4000:
3993:K. C. Nicolaou
3990:
3984:
3978:
3968:
3961:Ching Wan Tang
3957:Stuart A. Rice
3953:
3951:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3933:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3900:Henri B. Kagan
3897:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3874:
3864:
3854:
3847:Richard Lerner
3844:
3838:
3832:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3804:Duilio Arigoni
3801:
3794:Joshua Jortner
3791:
3781:
3771:
3765:
3751:
3741:
3735:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3712:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3690:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3667:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3578:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3522:
3516:
3513:Charles K. Kao
3509:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3490:
3488:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3464:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3443:
3437:
3430:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3412:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3389:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3360:
3344:
3332:
3320:
3304:
3297:Gregory Winter
3293:Frances Arnold
3288:
3272:
3256:
3240:
3224:
3217:Michael Levitt
3213:Martin Karplus
3208:
3196:
3188:
3172:
3156:
3153:Roger Y. Tsien
3149:Martin Chalfie
3140:
3132:
3124:
3108:
3092:
3080:
3064:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3026:Alan J. Heeger
3021:
3013:
3001:
2994:John E. Walker
2985:
2969:
2953:
2945:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2897:
2894:Hartmut Michel
2881:
2870:Donald J. Cram
2865:
2849:
2837:
2829:
2821:
2813:
2810:Roald Hoffmann
2801:
2794:Walter Gilbert
2785:
2773:
2765:
2762:Ilya Prigogine
2757:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2731:John Cornforth
2726:
2718:
2706:
2699:Stanford Moore
2690:
2682:
2674:
2662:
2654:
2647:Ronald Norrish
2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2602:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2555:Alexander Todd
2550:
2538:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2502:
2495:Edwin McMillan
2489:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2459:
2451:
2443:
2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2370:
2362:
2355:Norman Haworth
2350:
2342:
2330:
2322:
2315:
2307:
2295:
2287:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2189:Walther Nernst
2184:
2177:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2139:
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2508:
2507:Archer Martin
2503:
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2456:Arne Tiselius
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1960:
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1954:
1948:
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1939:Arieh Warshel
1936:
1931:
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1922:Dan Shechtman
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1895:Robert Aumann
1890:
1886:
1882:
1881:Avram Hershko
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643:Thomas Steitz
640:
637:In 2009, the
636:
633:
629:
626:In 2008, the
625:
623:
619:
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612:
608:
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600:Life Sciences
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445:suitable for
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207:Ada E. Yonath
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66:(age 85)
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
25:Ada E. Yonath
22:
19:
4826:Israeli Jews
4749:
4591:Carol Prives
4498:Daniel Frost
4464:Gordon Brown
4342:Philip Cohen
4294:
4283:Ahmed Zewail
4247:Frank Fenner
4159:Martin Kamen
4135:Werner Stumm
4068:Hiroaki Suga
3930:George Feher
3925:
3904:RyĹji Noyori
3867:Gerhard Ertl
3841:Ahmed Zewail
3738:Joseph Chatt
3732:Henry Eyring
3626:
3494:Barack Obama
3470:Herta MĂźller
3445:
3301:George Smith
3181:Akira Suzuki
3168:
3137:Gerhard Ertl
3121:Yves Chauvin
3069:John B. Fenn
3057:Ryoji Noyori
3044:2001âpresent
3018:Ahmed Zewail
2978:Harold Kroto
2962:Mario Molina
2890:Robert Huber
2862:John Polanyi
2846:Jerome Karle
2782:Georg Wittig
2667:Derek Barton
2659:Lars Onsager
2611:Giulio Natta
2607:Karl Ziegler
2599:John Kendrew
2367:Richard Kuhn
2292:Hans Fischer
2108:Otto Wallach
2044:Emil Fischer
1975:Alfred Nobel
1970:
1951:
1908:
1893:
1861:
1845:Shimon Peres
1711:
1710:
1709:profile for
1706:
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1671:en.uj.edu.pl
1670:
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1651:19 September
1649:. Retrieved
1645:"Ada Yonath"
1639:
1629:21 September
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1525:"Ada Yonath"
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799:
789:
776:
622:Harry Noller
611:Peretz Lavie
589:George Feher
567:Massry Prize
561:Harvey Prize
555:Israel Prize
548:
544:Pope Francis
517:
489:
481:
474:
455:
447:peptide bond
424:
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370:
347:
331:biochemistry
315:
307:Beit HaKerem
290:ZduĹska Wola
264:
240:
206:
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191:Wolfie Traub
171:Institutions
156:
130:Harvey Prize
64:22 June 1939
54:Ada Lifshitz
18:
4771:1939 births
4720:Ben Feringa
4677:Steve Young
4659:Jack Thorne
4586:Cathy Price
4566:Hugh Osborn
4551:Linda Nazar
4508:David Harel
4488:John Endler
4265:Martin Rees
4147:Hugh Huxley
3715:Herman Mark
3417:Nobel Prize
3269:Ben Feringa
3253:Aziz Sancar
3233:Stefan Hell
3229:Eric Betzig
3006:Walter Kohn
2974:Robert Curl
2950:George Olah
2938:Kary Mullis
2914:Elias Corey
2906:Thomas Cech
2858:Yuan T. Lee
2826:Henry Taube
2359:Paul Karrer
2347:Peter Debye
2327:Harold Urey
2213:Fritz Pregl
2174:Fritz Haber
2116:Marie Curie
1726:, from the
1624:www.cmu.edu
1594:www.umed.pl
1509:22 February
1273:27 November
1257:anonymous.
1183:haaretz.com
885:syaga.co.il
651:Nobel Prize
620:along with
587:along with
470:drug design
458:antibiotics
375:(1969) and
319:Marie Curie
269:quarter of
255:Nobel Prize
245:along with
87:Citizenship
4765:Categories
4750:Ada Yonath
4629:Ralf Speth
4619:John Shine
4581:John Plane
4336:Paul Nurse
4295:Ada Yonath
4044:Meir Lahav
3926:Ada Yonath
3835:John Pople
3788:David Blow
3457:Literature
3446:Ada Yonath
3105:Irwin Rose
3085:Peter Agre
3010:John Pople
2818:Aaron Klug
2723:Paul Flory
2671:Odd Hassel
2595:Max Perutz
2476:Kurt Alder
2472:Otto Diels
2300:Carl Bosch
1909:Ada Yonath
1823:Literature
1713:Ada Yonath
1386:vatican.va
768:References
435:eukaryotes
219:pronounced
60:1939-06-22
4451:Ben Berks
4194:Ali Javan
3426:Chemistry
3419:laureates
2790:Paul Berg
2745:1976â2000
2486:1951â1975
2416:Otto Hahn
2247:1926â1950
2027:1901â1925
2016:Laureates
1957:Economics
1943:Chemistry
1926:Chemistry
1913:Chemistry
1899:Economics
1885:Chemistry
1867:Economics
1463:7 October
1436:7 October
1337:0108-7681
1049:Israel21c
898:5 October
805:7 October
662:In 2011,
656:In 2010,
616:In 2007,
605:In 2006,
594:In 2006,
583:In 2006,
577:In 2005,
571:In 2004,
565:In 2004,
559:In 2002,
553:In 2002,
466:synergism
451:catalysis
327:chemistry
271:Jerusalem
261:Biography
232:ribosomes
71:Jerusalem
4686:Honorary
4421:elected
4064:Chuan He
3932:(2006/7)
3863:(1995/6)
3853:(1994/5)
3770:(1984/5)
3764:(1983/4)
3448:(Israel)
1430:Archived
1361:Archived
1237:Archived
1211:Archived
711:See also
534:and the
439:ribozyme
343:collagen
311:Tel Aviv
215:ע×× ××× ×Ş
77:(now in
32:ע×× ××× ×Ş
4698:Foreign
4430:Fellows
4423:in 2020
4417:of the
4415:Fellows
3505:Physics
2018:of the
1971:Italics
1705:has an
1703:Scholia
1488:9 March
1369:Haaretz
1345:2619959
1317:Bibcode
1193:9 March
1164:5401228
1129:5954171
1029:9 March
998:31 July
954:9 March
862:9 March
420:Hamburg
402:at the
396:protein
383:winner
288:) from
275:Zionist
91:Israeli
4531:Xin Lu
4374:(2019)
4368:(2018)
4362:(2017)
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126:Awards
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4033:2020s
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3627:2009
3481:Peace
3415:2009
1853:Peace
1836:Peace
1604:1 May
966:shitz
892:(PDF)
881:(PDF)
492:Hamas
302:rabbi
284:(now
267:Geula
3652:2014
3647:2013
3642:2012
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1125:PMID
1031:2021
1000:2008
956:2021
943:ISBN
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645:and
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416:DESY
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278:Jews
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