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elected representatives of other staff. Full "Professor" refers to the most senior academic grade, and is ideally based upon extensive publications, postgraduate supervision, academic leadership, service to the field, and recognition in the field. Professors are expected to have PhDs, but there is no equivalent to the German
518:
description provided here refers to research-intensive universities, which are generally recognized as the top tier of the university system, and which are responsible for almost all university-based research and postgraduate (Honours, Masters and
Doctoral) graduations. The academic ranking system is roughly as follows:
549:
Several universities have created posts such as "Honorary
Professor" (for appointments of lay experts) and Distinguished/Extraordinary Professor (for the most exemplary Professors). Several undergraduate teaching-focused universities award various Professorial ranks, but criteria for appointment can
541:
Professor positions are clearly separated from more junior faculty positions, but only (full) Professors sit on the
University Senate by virtue of their positions in faculty. Other grades may be present, but only through other appointments, such as being Heads of Departments or programmes, or as
517:
The appointment of professors follows the
British system, and the term "professor" is never used for school teachers. However, since the university system has long been fractured between research-intensive and undergraduate teaching-focused universities, there is no absolute consistency. The
509:-speaking universities the terms rector and vice-rector are common, whereas English-speaking universities tend to favour the terms principal and vice-principal. The use of deputy vice-chancellor seems to be phasing out pro-vice-chancellor.
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Senior
Lecturer (distinguished by publications record, holding a Doctoral degree and/ or years of meritorious service)
383:, Senior researcher (must hold a PhD, except in accounting, although sometimes appointed while still studying the PhD)
901:
310:
237:
113:
51:
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are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in
47:
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Professor emeritus (on retirement at the age of 65, and granted on application and at university discretion)
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Senior
Professor (must hold a PhD, except in accounting) (not at all universities)
870:
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783:
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710:
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380:
858:
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Distinguished/Extraordinary
Professor (must hold a PhD, except in accounting)
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Associate (or assistant) lecturer (normally: contract staff)
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474:and deputy vice-chancellor/pro-vice-chancellor
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50:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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126:Overview of academic ranks in South Africa
114:Learn how and when to remove this message
377:(must hold a PhD, except in accounting)
371:(must hold a PhD, except in accounting)
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48:adding citations to reliable sources
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63:"Academic ranks in South Africa"
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403:degree, except in accounting)
897:Universities in South Africa
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693:Research and teaching track
399:, Researcher (must hold an
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525:Lecturer (full-time staff)
389:, Researcher (must hold a
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902:Academia in South Africa
496:Departmental chairperson
423:Administrative assistant
133:Academic ranks worldwide
810:Distinguished professor
789:Postdoctoral researcher
588:Academic ranks overview
460:& vice-chancellor (
393:, except in accounting)
749:Senior research fellow
844:Professor of practice
625:North American system
434:Administrative ranks
44:improve this article
720:associate professor
687:Commonwealth system
644:Associate professor
639:Assistant professor
550:vary quite widely.
531:Associate professor
487:Programme directors
375:Associate professor
866:Teaching assistant
779:Research associate
774:Research assistant
758:research professor
739:Research assistant
701:Associate lecturer
500:head of department
491:Programme Convenor
406:Research assistant
358:Professor Emeritus
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668:Adjunct professor
414:student-assistant
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767:Junior positions
660:Non-tenure track
649:Professor (full)
606:Ranks and titles
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534:(Full) Professor
428:Senior secretary
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832:Head of college
798:Other positions
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744:Research fellow
711:Senior lecturer
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453:Vice chancellor
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391:Master's degree
381:Senior lecturer
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173:Czech Republic
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654:Endowed Chair
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611:Professorship
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513:Professorship
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104:November 2014
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65: –
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59:Find sources:
53:
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29:This article
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854:Head teacher
849:Schoolmaster
838:Privatdozent
836:
827:Habilitation
814:
631:Tenure track
616:Tenure track
548:
544:Habilitation
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483:/deputy dean
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418:demonstrator
342:South Africa
336:
273:South Africa
272:
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42:Please help
30:
468:Vice-rector
243:New Zealand
238:Netherlands
886:Categories
816:Agrégation
805:Chancellor
673:Instructor
554:References
462:dual title
440:Chancellor
74:newspapers
754:Professor
725:Professor
507:Afrikaans
481:Vice-dean
458:principal
448:honorific
369:Professor
148:Australia
143:Argentina
31:does not
706:Lecturer
678:Lecturer
594:Overview
546:system.
387:Lecturer
352:Overview
346:academia
288:Thailand
268:Slovakia
253:Portugal
233:Malaysia
168:Colombia
601:Faculty
456:Rector/
444:titular
401:Honours
203:Hungary
198:Germany
188:Finland
178:Denmark
88:scholar
52:removed
37:sources
822:Docent
716:Reader
283:Sweden
263:Serbia
258:Russia
248:Norway
223:Jordan
213:Israel
193:France
158:Canada
153:Brazil
90:
83:
76:
69:
61:
410:Tutor
278:Spain
228:Kenya
218:Italy
208:India
183:Egypt
163:China
95:JSTOR
81:books
477:Dean
446:), (
67:news
35:any
33:cite
756:or
718:or
505:In
498:or
340:in
46:by
888::
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442:(
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