286:, who was a member of the IRB Supreme Council. He was to fall out with the IRB over allegations of misappropriating election funds, and became progressively less radical. O'Connor Power believed that Westminster was the best platform to argue Ireland's case for self-government. Withdrawal from Parliament would be an abandonment of the Home Rule party to those who favoured conciliation rather than confrontation. By 1876 it was clear that the HRL would never be able to organise a national convention, and MPs elected with its endorsement would remain at Westminster. An alternative to abstentionism was
1235:
1259:
819:
1247:
730:, both the SDLP and Sinn FĂ©in have taken their seats in that body. SDLP MPs have consistently taken their seats in Westminster, in contrast to Sinn FĂ©in MPs, who refuse to take their seats there. Sinn FĂ©in MPs believe that as British political institutions should play no part in governing the people of Ireland, they as MPs should not make decisions on behalf of British people.
456:. Other parties reached accommodation with the southern state but not Northern Ireland. Some groups have boycotted elections within either jurisdiction; others have been abstentionist; others abstained from some bodies but not others. Abstentionism has often been a divisive issue within Republicanism.
684:, but adopted abstentionism to avoid giving a free run to Sinn FĂ©in. Brian Feeney suggests that Sinn FĂ©in's "active abstention", where those elected acted as local spokespeople in the media, was more effective than the SDLP's policy of sending its representatives instead to the
633:
was elected to both the
Stormont and Westminster parliaments under a variety of nationalist labels between the 1920s and the 1960s. He was abstentionist in Stormont until 1927 and at Westminster from 1950 to 1952. In the 1930s, Healy led the
382:
of 3 February 1917. Plunkett did not categorically state his abstentionism until after his victory. Plunkett's
Liberty League, Griffith's monarchist Sinn FĂ©in, and the northern Irish Nation League merged later that year into a reconstituted
1385:. To contrast, the Bolsheviks criticised abstentionism and advocated for the creation of "a new, unusual, non-opportunist, non-careerist parliamentarism", a tactic which they described as "revolutionary parliamentarism". Disillusioned with
1405:
on an abstentionist platform (winning only 1.9% of the vote). Aldred's election run was criticised by
Pankhurst herself who, despite by this point having moved to a policy of electoral boycott, supported the candidacy of John MacLean's
1328:
charged that "the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made State machinery, and wield it for its own purposes". Aldred proposed the fielding of communist candidates on an abstentionist platform, outlining that:
2377:
2344:
527:. The split created two parties calling themselves "Sinn Féin". The anti-abstentionist party was known as "Official" Sinn Féin. It changed its name to "Sinn Féin the Workers Party" (SFWP) and won a seat in the Dáil in
339:(UIL) adopt abstentionism caused a near-riot; he left the UIL but continued to sit at Westminster until he joined Sinn FĂ©in in 1917. Abstentionism was opposed by most nationalists, especially after the
535:". The abstentionist party was initially referred to as "Provisional" Sinn FĂ©in, but after 1982 it was known simply as "Sinn FĂ©in"; it continued to abstain from taking seats won in all institutions.
767:
party, was established in 2016, it had not decided whether to contest elections, but said it would in any case abstain from taking up any seats won in
Stormont, Westminster or Leinster House.
2256:
371:
candidate Frank J. Healy, a supporter interned after the 1916 Rising, but withdrew support when Healy declared his intention to take his seat; the confusion contributed to Healy's defeat.
2408:
649:
before standing, precluding Sinn FĂ©in from doing so. This did not apply at
Westminster elections, where Sinn FĂ©in often gave non-Sinn FĂ©in abstentionist nationalists a free run to avoid
2367:
1751:
1908:
2334:
1382:
1361:
to gauge support for the communist movement, both tactics which he supported alongside that of abstentionism. By 1919, Aldred's call to abstentionism was also taken up by
612:
414:
stood aside in 1918 in favour of Sinn FĂ©in, having at first proposed to be abstentionist until emergency laws were lifted. Sinn FĂ©in was unsure whether to boycott the
623:
for a further forty years. They did so on 2 February 1965 but withdrew from opposition again in
October 1968, two weeks after police batoned demonstrators at a
2400:
585:
was seen as representing the interests of nationalists in
Northern Ireland and had a policy of not recognising the Northern Irish government. Catholic bishop
755:
continue their long standing policy of abstentionism. It is not a registered party in
Northern Ireland, but members have contested the Assembly elections as
742:
79:, but the Hungarians did not send representatives, arguing the council was usurping authority properly belonging to the Diet. Emulating the Hungarians, the
4007:
430:. It decided to contest the Northern election for tactical reasons and the Southern one for consistency, with its returned MPs becoming the TDs of the
597:, and was worried that the policy of non-recognition would result in Northern Irish nationalists having to "fight alone", but his advice was ignored.
1402:
1289:
2248:
745:, where he had been a Sinn Féin MP in the 1920s. Fianna Fáil registered as a political party within Northern Ireland in 2007. In 2014 its leader
624:
601:
47:
political movements in the United
Kingdom and Ireland since the early 19th century. It was also used by Hungarian and Czech nationalists in the
582:
2827:"Information on the issue of Abstentionism, particularly the debate that took place at the Sinn Féin Ard Fheis in Dublin on 1–2 November 1986"
2286:
2130:
1033:
664:(SDLP) became the Opposition on its formation on 21 August 1970 but that party withdrew from Stormont in July 1971. The SDLP participated in
2964:
1419:
1153:
523:(annual conference), Sinn FĂ©in split again on the issue of whether or not to reverse its long-standing policy of refusing to take seats in
340:
258:
Kickham envisaged a "great national conference" calling on Irish MPs to withdraw from
Westminster. A motion to that effect was proposed by
2709:
Jung, Theo (2018). "Auftritt durch Austritt. Debattenboykotts als parlamentarische Praxis in Großbritannien und Frankreich (1797–1823)".
1133:
513:
155:
1808:
1743:
4027:
2102:
673:
328:
581:
After Partition, most non-abstentionist parties in the southern state did not organise at all in Northern Ireland. In early 1922, the
3272:
2575:
1900:
19:
This article is about the political strategy in parliament. For Christian theological positions relating to alcoholic beverages, see
2075:
559:
1059:
4058:
1394:
1076:
1044:
700:
182:
786:
in potential balance of power, Gerry Adams reiterated Sinn FĂ©in's long-standing position that their elected MPs would not swear
3943:
1096:
734:
252:
3140:
2852:
2613:
2317:
2042:
1987:
1682:
1523:
1407:
712:
2148:
Healy, who had previously been elected on an abstentionist ticket, would ultimately take up his seat at Westminster in 1952.
2049:
In 1934 Stormont banned Sinn Fein from taking part in local elections, since it refused to take an oath to attend sessions.
1415:
1398:
1315:
1282:
771:
608:
423:
419:
275:
39:
while refusing to take up any seats won or otherwise participate in the assembly's business. Abstentionism differs from an
3543:
2889:
2738:
Lynn, Brendan (2002). "Tactic or Principle? The Evolution of Republican Thinking on Abstentionism in Ireland, 1970-1998".
1009:
319:", formulated between 1905 and 1907, called for Irish MPs to abstain from Westminster and sit in a parallel parliament in
1390:
1113:
1091:
646:
92:
749:
announced it would contest elections from 2019. It has not made clear whether it will contest elections to Westminster.
2984:
661:
387:, agreeing after contentious disputation that abstentionism was a principle rather than merely a tactic. Sinn FĂ©in MPs
271:
197:, which withdrew from the Repeal Association in 1847, resolved in favour of immediate abstention; however, its founder
500:
was boycotted by the anti-Treaty TDs. These refounded Sinn FĂ©in in 1923 and based their continued abstention from the
3416:
2949:
2651:
2632:
2135:
2068:
1802:
1733:
1583:
1311:
1123:
283:
3510:
3500:
2899:
2815:
1366:
1163:
696:
379:
352:
324:
151:
2011:
1345:
is established which could possibly spread like wild-fire, as these innovations do, and eventually challenge the
1275:
1049:
681:
665:
232:
3608:
2775:
Pyne, Peter (1974). "The politics of parliamentary abstentionism: Ireland's four Sinn Fein parties, 1905–1926".
3928:
3553:
3170:
2994:
2694:
2680:
1118:
594:
445:
427:
3115:
2092:
3232:
1468:
1138:
1054:
481:
437:
344:
3328:
2924:
4053:
4048:
1478:
1435:
1333:
Successful candidates would not go to parliament, but would remain in their constituencies till they had a
869:
477:
391:
refused to take their seats there and instead constituted themselves in Dublin in January 1919 as the TDs (
220:
60:
2160:
Norton, Christopher (2007). "The Internment of Cahir Healy M.P., Brixton Prison July 1941-December 1942".
604:
was effectively prohibited by a 1934 law requiring candidates to take an oath to attend council sessions.
555:
2989:
2004:"Extract from the minutes of a meeting of the provisional government from Provisional Government Minutes"
1443:
1086:
563:
538:
Sinn Féin split in 1986, as in 1970, over whether to take seats in Dáil Éireann. The larger group led by
532:
528:
493:
388:
244:
113:
3913:
3698:
3693:
3598:
3548:
3538:
2909:
919:
639:
620:
509:
364:
189:
movement. However, the committee felt that MPs already sitting could not withdraw without breaking the
76:
48:
3863:
2845:
3773:
3613:
1423:
783:
723:
570:
360:
126:
3095:
2914:
589:(who later became Archbishop of Armagh and a Cardinal) indicated to the Provisional Government that
547:
274:
from 1871 to 1875, spoke in Westminster only to raise nationalist protests, and refused to vote. In
3788:
3372:
3333:
2278:
1081:
638:, which supported his policy of intermittent tactical abstentionism, whereas the otherwise-similar
228:
198:
163:
20:
3903:
3663:
3633:
3463:
3242:
2959:
2954:
3209:
3080:
2401:"Gerry Adams confirms Sinn FĂ©in will not swear allegiance to the Queen to take Westminster seats"
1473:
1320:
1064:
904:
802:
787:
779:
635:
259:
117:
arguing for a British–Irish dual monarchy similar to the 1867 compromise. Griffith's subsequent "
3668:
3480:
3411:
2974:
2877:
752:
543:
316:
307:
3708:
1513:
1158:
1143:
756:
716:
689:
411:
368:
295:
279:
159:
88:
3453:
3020:
1723:
3150:
3060:
2944:
1792:
1128:
727:
669:
375:
336:
267:
205:
proposed that Irish MPs expelled from Westminster should sit in a separate Irish parliament.
36:
3733:
3443:
3065:
2838:
3468:
2672:
764:
485:
441:
415:
348:
178:
3683:
2904:
43:
in that abstentionists participate in the election itself. Abstentionism has been used by
8:
3918:
3828:
3748:
3380:
3282:
2811:
2072:
1575:
1463:
1374:
1208:
874:
844:
839:
746:
708:
616:
508:
split from Sinn FĂ©in in 1926 and abandoned abstentionism in the Free State in 1927. From
449:
236:
202:
194:
24:
3961:
3090:
3678:
3673:
3385:
3338:
3180:
3055:
3050:
2763:
1873:
1865:
1548:
1393:
and reaffirmed their commitment to abstentionism, while Aldred himself established the
864:
465:
216:
in 1878, who envisaged abstentionist Irish MPs meeting in a separate Irish parliament.
174:
147:
84:
3893:
3803:
3045:
2662:
738:
501:
4063:
3783:
3763:
3688:
3638:
3568:
3528:
3496:
3343:
3312:
3277:
3145:
3105:
2792:
2767:
2755:
2726:
2686:
2676:
2647:
2628:
2609:
2372:
2313:
2187:
2064:
2038:
1983:
1877:
1798:
1729:
1678:
1579:
1519:
1483:
1381:'s Labour Abstentionist Party, which would both become founding organisations of the
1198:
1168:
994:
964:
914:
685:
524:
359:, and the IPP itself withdrew from Westminster in April 1918, to protest against the
167:
3718:
3506:
3292:
2664:
Anti-Parliamentary Communism: The Movement for Workers' Councils in Britain, 1917–45
531:, which it took. The following year it dropped "Sinn FĂ©in" from its name to become "
331:
for the IPP, he resigned after joining Sinn FĂ©in, and lost the ensuing by-election.
3986:
3175:
3070:
2784:
2747:
2718:
2177:
2169:
1857:
1362:
1354:
1338:
1251:
1239:
989:
984:
879:
677:
496:
featured a "Sinn FĂ©in panel" of pro- and anti-Treaty candidates, but the resulting
473:
469:
453:
332:
263:
44:
40:
3888:
3848:
3738:
3643:
3583:
3307:
3267:
3237:
3204:
3155:
3130:
3040:
2979:
2969:
2939:
2339:
2079:
1439:
1378:
1263:
1148:
1039:
949:
775:
489:
312:
224:
209:
108:
100:
72:
68:
64:
3981:
3818:
3658:
3573:
3227:
551:
394:
3908:
3878:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3823:
3648:
3628:
3593:
3421:
3390:
3348:
3302:
3165:
1346:
999:
979:
944:
859:
849:
810:
654:
650:
586:
407:
287:
190:
104:
3247:
2929:
2788:
1980:
IRA internments and the Irish government: subversives and the state, 1939-1962
1861:
1341:, insisting on the right to represent the district which elected them. Thus a
1306:'s policy of abstentionism, one of which was the Glaswegian anarcho-communist
505:
431:
4042:
3976:
3971:
3798:
3793:
3703:
3653:
3618:
3160:
3135:
3125:
3085:
3075:
3035:
3030:
2796:
2759:
2730:
2690:
2368:"Hardline republicanism shows public face with Saoradh launch at swish hotel"
2249:"I'm a Sinn FĂ©in MP. This is why I won't go to Westminster, even over Brexit"
2191:
1213:
1203:
1014:
969:
959:
909:
834:
699:" in 1981, and first contested modern elections in Northern Ireland with the
590:
356:
255:; O'Donovan Rossa was in prison at his election, while Mitchel was in exile.
186:
96:
3578:
2335:"Fianna Fáil leader confirms party will run candidates in the North in 2019"
1004:
569:
RSF has retained the policy of abstentionism from both Dáil Éireann and the
497:
400:
133:
of the post-1867 empire, and its delegates abandoned abstentionism in 1879.
3933:
3898:
3808:
3623:
3603:
3563:
3474:
3222:
2894:
2722:
2644:
The IRB: The Irish Republican Brotherhood from the Land League to Sinn FĂ©in
1447:
1411:
974:
248:
130:
2861:
2173:
2125:
1303:
516:
and took its seats, arguing this did not amount to recognising the state.
384:
3991:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3853:
3813:
3758:
3558:
3257:
3190:
3100:
2244:
1451:
1107:
954:
630:
539:
213:
2919:
2062:
Holding the Ground: The Nationalist Party in Northern Ireland, 1945–1972
1869:
1552:
1258:
3966:
3923:
3883:
3728:
3426:
3395:
3364:
3262:
3252:
3214:
2003:
1386:
1370:
1369:, which took an anti-parliamentary line even against the wishes of the
1358:
1342:
1307:
1193:
291:
122:
2751:
2182:
1848:
Laffan, Michael (March 1971). "The Unification of Sinn Fein in 1917".
3185:
2934:
1325:
1218:
939:
899:
854:
520:
3458:
1108:
Hunan Provincial Proletarian Revolutionary Great Alliance Committee
704:
818:
3588:
2097:
760:
294:. This was practised by the HRL and its successor, the IPP under
1539:
Kettle, T. M. (January 1908). "A Note on Sinn Fein in Ireland".
484:. The Treaty split Sinn FĂ©in, mainly over the Oath rather than "
2668:
1571:
1334:
1173:
1101:
320:
240:
80:
1246:
459:
1725:
Nationalism and the Irish Party: Provincial Ireland 1910-1916
1302:
Some British political activists were themselves inspired by
2830:
2576:"PQ MNAs denied access to the legislature amid oath dispute"
1794:
The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916–1923
406:, which was claimed to be the legitimate parliament of the
2555:
645:
From 1953, Stormont candidates were required to take the
2625:
The Making of Ireland: From Ancient Times to the Present
2543:
2531:
1675:
That Irishman: The Life and Times of John O'Connor Power
1418:
on an abstentionist platform, this time for the seat of
35:
is the political practice of standing for election to a
2447:
1450:
after they refused to swear the oath of office to King
239:
for election, knowing they were precluded as convicted
181:(MPs) to withdraw from Westminster. It was proposed by
2777:
The Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics
2423:
2310:
Fianna Fáil, Partition and Northern Ireland, 1926–1971
75:
reserved places for Hungary in the indirectly elected
2519:
2507:
2495:
2483:
2471:
2459:
2435:
1353:
Aldred additionally proposed the organisation of an
688:in Dublin. The SDLP's participation in the 1996–98
657:candidate against non-abstentionist nationalists.
323:. The first Sinn FĂ©in abstentionist candidate was
4008:List of current Sinn FĂ©in elected representatives
251:(twice in 1875) were returned at by-elections in
4040:
1901:"Irish Labour Party won't take seats if elected"
1310:, who advised the Scottish socialist politician
166:. Repeal of the Act of Union was a goal of many
1744:"The MP for Ireland: Laurence Ginnell and 1916"
653:the nationalist vote, but conversely fielded a
2332:
1928:
1926:
1797:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 73–75.
1515:The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown
1357:or the use of elections as little more than a
593:and his party members wanted to enter the new
583:Provisional Government of the Irish Free State
2846:
2131:Northern Ireland Social and Political Archive
1283:
374:The first abstentionist MP elected was Count
208:Other early abstentionist advocates included
129:(IPP) countered that Bohemia had remained in
2597:
2203:
2201:
201:continued to speak at Westminster. In 1848,
2965:Sinn FĂ©in Printing & Publishing Company
1923:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1314:to adopt the "Sinn FĂ©in tactic" during the
460:In the Irish Free State/Republic of Ireland
392:
156:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
91:in 1864. Hungarian demands were met by the
2853:
2839:
2153:
1615:
1613:
1290:
1276:
733:Fianna Fáil's sole Stormont election came
514:local elections in the Republic of Ireland
347:at Westminster and secured passage of the
2301:
2198:
2181:
550:, retained it. Sinn FĂ©in's first sitting
355:. The nationalist mood changed after the
2398:
2035:Ulster and its future after the troubles
1721:
1496:
793:
741:agreed to stand as an abstentionist for
2660:
2573:
2561:
2549:
2537:
2525:
2513:
2501:
2489:
2477:
2465:
2453:
2441:
2429:
1977:
1610:
1395:Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation
1077:Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation
703:, from which they abstained. The 1983
642:regarded abstentionism as a principle.
389:elected to Westminster in November 1918
4041:
4028:European United Left–Nordic Green Left
2603:
2380:from the original on 27 September 2016
2243:
2159:
2126:"Fermanagh and South Tyrone 1950–1970"
2032:
1911:from the original on 29 September 2018
1847:
1811:from the original on 23 September 2021
1790:
1538:
576:
278:, 59 HRL MPs were returned, including
107:was ruled by a revived Diet. In 1904,
3010:
2834:
2641:
2622:
2365:
2307:
2123:
2105:from the original on 20 December 2013
1754:from the original on 15 November 2019
1565:
1511:
1389:, Pankhurst's group later joined the
790:nor take their seats in Westminster.
615:. Despite forming the second-largest
173:In 1845, a motion was carried at the
2774:
2737:
2708:
2606:Sinn FĂ©in: A Hundred Turbulent Years
2366:Breen, Suzanne (26 September 2016).
2312:. Irish Academic Press. p. 34.
2289:from the original on 3 November 2011
2259:from the original on 8 February 2021
2138:from the original on 14 October 2014
1982:. Irish Academic Press. p. 80.
1316:1918 United Kingdom general election
611:did not take their seats during the
424:House of Commons of Southern Ireland
420:House of Commons of Northern Ireland
361:extension of conscription to Ireland
262:and passed at the convention of the
2574:Authier, Philip (2 December 2022).
2333:O'Halloran, Marie (22 March 2014).
1114:International Socialists of Germany
1097:Communist Workers' Party of Germany
613:first Stormont parliament (1921–25)
270:, "independent nationalist" MP for
141:
16:Political strategy in a legislature
13:
2702:
2347:from the original on 22 March 2014
2014:from the original on 25 April 2012
1741:
1518:. Hoover Press. pp. 1895–96.
1408:Scottish Workers' Republican Party
662:Social Democratic and Labour Party
619:, they did not accept the role of
243:from taking seats. On this basis,
193:they had taken upon election. The
14:
4075:
2890:1918 Sinn FĂ©in election manifesto
2804:
2162:Twentieth Century British History
2093:"Contributions by Mr Cahir Healy"
2008:Documents on IRISH FOREIGN POLICY
440:, in remaining loyal to this pre-
231:favoured abstentionism. In 1869,
150:, Ireland was represented in the
87:withdrew in 1863, and those from
23:. For the US legal doctrine, see
2900:Armalite and ballot box strategy
2816:Conflict Archive on the Internet
2411:from the original on 9 June 2017
1728:. OUP Oxford. pp. 121–122.
1391:Communist Workers' International
1337:, then they would constitute an
1257:
1245:
1233:
1092:Communist Workers' International
1060:Internationalist Communist Party
817:
697:Armalite and ballot box strategy
235:suggested nominating imprisoned
2985:Willie O'Dea affidavit incident
2567:
2399:Lonergan, Aidan (9 June 2017).
2392:
2359:
2326:
2271:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2210:
2117:
2098:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
2085:
2054:
2037:. Highfield Press. p. 40.
2026:
1996:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1893:
1884:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1784:
1775:
1766:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1442:were denied their seats in the
1050:International Communist Current
1045:Communist Workers' Organisation
722:Since the establishment of the
715:. Sinn FĂ©in abstained from the
711:, as the 1985 ardfheis did for
542:abandoned abstentionism, while
438:One strand within Republicanism
367:, Sinn FĂ©in initially endorsed
95:, with the empire becoming the
4059:Politics of the United Kingdom
3011:
2995:32 County Sovereignty Movement
2308:Kelly, Stephen (10 May 2013).
1640:
1631:
1622:
1601:
1592:
1559:
1532:
1119:League for Proletarian Culture
782:as the largest party with the
707:resolved to take seats in the
595:Parliament of Northern Ireland
428:Government of Ireland Act 1920
327:in 1908. Having sat as MP for
121:policy" developed this model.
1:
2860:
2646:. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
2279:"When Dev stood for Stormont"
1959:Feeney 2002, pp. 156–7, 168–9
1941:Feeney 2002, pp. 168–170, 174
1469:Irish republican legitimatism
1367:Workers' Socialist Federation
1164:Workers' Socialist Federation
1139:Revolutionary Workers Ferment
1134:Revolutionary Socialist Party
1055:International Communist Party
772:June 2017 UK general election
341:January 1910 general election
136:
54:
2124:Kelly, Conal (1 June 2007).
1512:Agnew, Hugh LeCaine (2004).
1489:
1479:Oath of Allegiance (Ireland)
1436:2022 Quebec general election
1429:
1414:, Aldred once again ran for
870:Proletarian internationalism
676:. It originally intended to
627:in Derry on 5 October 1968.
529:the general election of 1981
301:
221:Irish Republican Brotherhood
61:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
7:
2711:Archiv fĂĽr Sozialgeschichte
1856:(67): 353–379: 361–3, 373.
1457:
1444:National Assembly of Quebec
713:that year's local elections
444:Irish Republic, denies the
380:North Roscommon by-election
177:'s committee for all Irish
114:The Resurrection of Hungary
10:
4080:
2910:Cumann na nGaedheal (1900)
1907:. RTÉ. 28 September 2018.
1750:. RaidiĂł TelefĂs Éireann.
1722:Wheatley, Michael (2005).
1568:The Young Ireland Movement
1426:, netting only 300 votes.
920:Situationist International
647:British oath of allegiance
640:Northern Council for Unity
365:1916 West Cork by-election
335:'s 1909 proposal that the
305:
18:
4020:
4000:
3942:
3775:Northern Ireland Assembly
3772:
3747:
3717:
3527:
3520:
3489:
3442:
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3357:
3321:
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3114:
3019:
3003:
2870:
2789:10.1080/14662047408447211
2598:General and cited sources
1862:10.1017/S0021121400113495
1541:The North American Review
1424:United Socialist Movement
788:allegiance to the monarch
724:Northern Ireland Assembly
674:Constitutional Convention
571:Northern Ireland Assembly
127:Irish Parliamentary Party
49:Austrian Imperial Council
2623:Lydon, James F. (1998).
2033:Sheane, Michael (1977).
1968:Feeney 2002, pp. 158–160
1932:Feeney 2002, pp. 130–131
1850:Irish Historical Studies
1791:Laffan, Michael (1999).
1318:, citing a passage from
1082:Communist Bulletin Group
245:Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa
21:Christianity and alcohol
3521:Elected representatives
3490:Presidential candidates
2740:Irish Political Studies
2216:Feeney 2002, pp. 308–10
1566:Davis, Richard (1987).
1474:Oath of Allegiance (UK)
1321:The Civil War in France
1065:The Invisible Committee
701:1982 Assembly elections
695:Sinn FĂ©in adopted the "
636:Irish Union Association
290:, including the use of
260:Charles Guilfoyle Doran
3405:Directors of publicity
2915:Comhairle na dTeachtaĂ
2661:Shipway, Mark (1988).
2604:Feeney, Brian (2002).
2225:Feeney 2002, pp. 316–7
1978:Maguire, John (2008).
1712:Feeney 2002, pp. 49–50
1703:Feeney 2002, pp. 33–34
1351:
1144:Socialism or Barbarism
774:, which resulted in a
717:Northern Ireland Forum
690:Northern Ireland Forum
512:, Sinn FĂ©in contested
482:Free State legislators
472:, with an opt-out for
393:
369:All-for-Ireland League
353:the Liberal government
343:when the IPP held the
296:Charles Stuart Parnell
3664:Donnchadh Ă“ Laoghaire
3634:Pádraig Mac Lochlainn
3464:Sinn FĂ©in Front Bench
2960:Sinn FĂ©in (newspaper)
2078:11 March 2010 at the
2060:Brendan Lynn (1979),
1331:
1129:Marxist Working Group
794:In the United Kingdom
728:Good Friday Agreement
670:Sunningdale Agreement
564:1997 general election
376:George Noble Plunkett
337:United Ireland League
298:from the late 1870s.
199:William Smith O'Brien
179:members of parliament
59:When suppressing the
37:deliberative assembly
3481:Friends of Sinn FĂ©in
2975:Republican Sinn FĂ©in
2878:History of Sinn FĂ©in
2723:10.6094/UNIFR/151306
2642:McGee, Owen (2005).
2168:(2): 170–193: fn.4.
1677:, pp. 70–71, 73–74.
1576:Gill & Macmillan
1252:Socialism portal
1240:Communism portal
765:dissident republican
753:Republican Sinn FĂ©in
678:boycott the election
556:CaoimhghĂn Ă“ Caoláin
544:Republican Sinn FĂ©in
349:Third Home Rule Bill
308:History of Sinn FĂ©in
268:"Honest" John Martin
183:Thomas Osborne Davis
4054:Politics of Ireland
4049:Irish republicanism
3914:MáirtĂn Ă“ Muilleoir
3750:European Parliament
3454:Leader of Sinn FĂ©in
3381:Lucilita Bhreatnach
3358:General secretaries
2564:, pp. 198–199.
2234:Feeney 2002, p. 328
2207:Feeney 2002, p. 199
2174:10.1093/tcbh/hwm007
2010:. 30 January 1922.
1950:Feeney 2002, p. 135
1890:Feeney 2002, p. 112
1464:Disappearing quorum
1422:as a member of the
1403:Glasgow Shettleston
1375:Third International
1264:Politics portal
1209:Industrial unionism
1159:Workers' Opposition
845:Class consciousness
840:Anti-Stalinist left
709:European Parliament
617:parliamentary party
577:In Northern Ireland
450:Republic of Ireland
280:John O'Connor Power
203:Charles Gavan Duffy
195:Irish Confederation
25:Abstention doctrine
3734:Niall Ă“ Donnghaile
3386:Mitchel McLaughlin
3339:Mitchel McLaughlin
3210:Tomás Ó Dubhghaill
3151:Michael O'Flanagan
3081:Tomás Ó Dubhghaill
3066:Cathal Ă“ Murchadha
3061:Michael O'Flanagan
1838:Feeney 2002, p. 63
1781:Feeney 2002, p. 97
1772:Feeney 2002, p. 53
1619:Lydon 1998, p. 325
1547:(626): 46–59: 50.
1040:Communist Struggle
865:Organic centralism
737:, when its leader
692:was intermittent.
625:civil rights march
602:at local elections
533:The Workers' Party
494:June 1922 election
488:", and caused the
478:Oath of Allegiance
466:Anglo-Irish Treaty
412:Irish Labour Party
175:Repeal Association
168:Irish nationalists
152:British Parliament
105:the Hungarian half
93:Compromise of 1867
4036:
4035:
4016:
4015:
3784:Caoimhe Archibald
3764:Kathleen Funchion
3689:Maurice Quinlivan
3684:Aengus Ă“ Snodaigh
3639:Mary Lou McDonald
3569:Rose Conway-Walsh
3497:Martin McGuinness
3438:
3437:
3344:Mary Lou McDonald
3313:Rose Conway-Walsh
3278:Mary Lou McDonald
3201:CriostĂłir O'Neill
3146:Jennie Wyse Power
3106:Mary Lou McDonald
3096:Ruairà Ó Brádaigh
2905:Clann na hÉireann
2752:10.1080/714003200
2615:978-0-86278-770-7
2608:. O'Brien Press.
2552:, pp. 17–18.
2540:, pp. 16–17.
2373:Belfast Telegraph
2319:978-0-7165-3186-9
2285:. December 2003.
2044:978-0-906221-00-6
1989:978-0-7165-2943-9
1683:978-1-84588-698-1
1628:McGee 2005, p. 39
1525:978-0-8179-4492-6
1484:Testimonial party
1438:, members of the
1300:
1299:
1199:Classical Marxism
995:Antonie Pannekoek
965:Bruno Fortichiari
915:Council communism
686:New Ireland Forum
609:Nationalist Party
548:Ruairà Ó Brádaigh
476:and requiring an
276:the 1874 election
148:Act of Union 1800
131:the Austrian half
71:. Austria's 1861
4071:
3987:Cathal Mallaghan
3962:Ă“rfhlaith Begley
3953:
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3945:House of Commons
3919:Michelle O'Neill
3904:Carál NĂ ChuilĂn
3776:
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3445:Party structures
3431:Rosaleen Doherty
3369:Cathleen Knowles
3295:
3283:Michelle O'Neill
3243:Dáithà Ó Conaill
3176:Margaret Buckley
3118:
3091:Tomás Mac Giolla
3071:Margaret Buckley
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2925:Election results
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519:In 1970, at its
474:Northern Ireland
470:Irish Free State
468:established the
454:Northern Ireland
398:
345:balance of power
333:Laurence Ginnell
317:Sinn FĂ©in Policy
264:Home Rule League
219:From the 1860s,
164:House of Commons
142:Before partition
77:Imperial Council
45:Irish republican
41:election boycott
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3674:Louise O'Reilly
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3644:Denise Mitchell
3609:Mairéad Farrell
3584:David Cullinane
3529:
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3444:
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3400:
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3308:David Cullinane
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3238:Cathal Goulding
3219:Rory O'Driscoll
3205:Michael Traynor
3198:Padraig de Paor
3195:Seamus Mitchell
3181:John J. O'Kelly
3156:P. J. Ruttledge
3131:Arthur Griffith
3117:Vice presidents
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3051:John J. O'Kelly
3046:Éamon de Valera
3041:Arthur Griffith
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2980:United Irishman
2970:Republican News
2950:Provisional IRA
2940:Gaelic American
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2812:"Abstentionism"
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2703:Further reading
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1272:
1269:
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1266:
1254:
1242:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:Related topics
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1169:Workers' Truth
1166:
1161:
1156:
1154:Workers' Group
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
1000:Lorenzo Parodi
997:
992:
987:
982:
980:Grandizo Munis
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
945:Amadeo Bordiga
942:
936:
935:
932:
931:
928:
927:
923:
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896:
895:
892:
891:
888:
887:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
850:Class struggle
847:
842:
837:
831:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
814:
813:
811:Left communism
807:
806:
795:
792:
747:MĂcheál Martin
600:Abstentionism
587:Joseph MacRory
578:
575:
560:Cavan–Monaghan
546:(RSF), led by
504:on Partition.
461:
458:
426:set up by the
416:1921 elections
408:Irish Republic
303:
300:
288:obstructionism
247:(in 1870) and
223:(IRB) leaders
191:oath of office
160:House of Lords
143:
140:
138:
135:
83:delegates for
67:abolished the
56:
53:
51:in the 1860s.
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4076:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3977:Chris Hazzard
3975:
3973:
3972:John Finucane
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:abstentionist
3947:
3941:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
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3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
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3877:
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3867:
3865:
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3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3799:Cathal Boylan
3797:
3795:
3794:Nicola Brogan
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
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3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3704:Pauline Tully
3702:
3700:
3699:Brian Stanley
3697:
3695:
3694:Patricia Ryan
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3654:Johnny Mythen
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3619:Johnny Guirke
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:Paul Donnelly
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:Martin Browne
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:Chris Andrews
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3519:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3329:Seán MacManus
3327:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3161:Kathleen Lynn
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Bulmer Hobson
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3126:John Sweetman
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:Paddy McLogan
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3076:Paddy McLogan
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:John Sweetman
3034:
3032:
3031:Edward Martyn
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3018:
3009:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2955:Sinn FĂ©in MPs
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
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2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2883:Abstentionism
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2798:
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2782:
2778:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2655:
2653:1-85182-972-5
2649:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2634:0-415-01347-X
2630:
2627:. Routledge.
2626:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2601:
2581:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2558:
2551:
2546:
2539:
2534:
2528:, p. 15.
2527:
2522:
2516:, p. 94.
2515:
2510:
2504:, p. 19.
2503:
2498:
2492:, p. 11.
2491:
2486:
2480:, p. 12.
2479:
2474:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2443:
2438:
2431:
2426:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2395:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2321:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2202:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2120:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2069:1-85521-980-8
2066:
2063:
2057:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1991:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1965:
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1887:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1810:
1806:
1804:9781139426299
1800:
1796:
1795:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1735:9780191556838
1731:
1727:
1726:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1637:McGee, pg. 43
1634:
1625:
1616:
1614:
1607:Davis, p. 256
1604:
1598:Davis, p. 122
1595:
1587:
1585:0-7171-1543-7
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1554:
1550:
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1527:
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1480:
1477:
1475:
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1467:
1465:
1462:
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1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1399:1922 election
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1214:Ultra-leftism
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1204:Impossibilism
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1028:Organizations
1025:
1024:
1016:
1015:Julien Coupat
1013:
1011:
1010:Karl Schröder
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
970:Herman Gorter
968:
966:
963:
961:
960:Onorato Damen
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
937:
930:
929:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
910:Communization
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
897:
890:
889:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
835:Anti-Leninism
833:
832:
825:
824:
820:
816:
815:
812:
809:
808:
804:
800:
799:
791:
789:
785:
781:
780:Conservatives
777:
773:
768:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
748:
744:
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
682:1982 Assembly
679:
675:
672:, and in the
671:
667:
663:
658:
656:
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
632:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
574:
572:
567:
565:
561:
558:, elected in
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:
397:
396:
395:Teachtaà Dála
390:
386:
381:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:North Leitrim
326:
325:Charles Dolan
322:
318:
314:
309:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
217:
215:
212:in 1862, and
211:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:Young Ireland
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
134:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
97:dual monarchy
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
33:Abstentionism
30:
26:
22:
3982:Dáire Hughes
3950:
3934:Emma Sheerin
3899:Conor Murphy
3819:Sinéad Ennis
3809:Linda Dillon
3659:Eoin Ă“ Broin
3624:Martin Kenny
3614:Thomas Gould
3604:Dessie Ellis
3574:RĂ©ada Cronin
3564:Sorca Clarke
3530:Dáil Éireann
3475:An Phoblacht
3473:
3322:Chairpersons
3228:Seán Caughey
3223:Larry Grogan
3141:Thomas Kelly
2895:Anti H-Block
2882:
2819:. Retrieved
2780:
2776:
2746:(2): 74–94.
2743:
2739:
2714:
2710:
2693:– via
2663:
2643:
2624:
2605:
2583:. Retrieved
2579:
2569:
2562:Shipway 1988
2557:
2550:Shipway 1988
2545:
2538:Shipway 1988
2533:
2526:Shipway 1988
2521:
2514:Shipway 1988
2509:
2502:Shipway 1988
2497:
2490:Shipway 1988
2485:
2478:Shipway 1988
2473:
2468:, p. 9.
2466:Shipway 1988
2461:
2454:Shipway 1988
2449:
2444:, p. 7.
2442:Shipway 1988
2437:
2430:Shipway 1988
2425:
2413:. Retrieved
2404:
2394:
2384:26 September
2382:. Retrieved
2371:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2338:
2328:
2309:
2303:
2291:. Retrieved
2282:
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2253:The Guardian
2252:
2245:Maskey, Paul
2239:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2147:
2140:. Retrieved
2129:
2119:
2107:. Retrieved
2096:
2087:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2034:
2028:
2016:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1979:
1973:
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1915:28 September
1913:. Retrieved
1904:
1895:
1886:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1793:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1758:13 September
1756:. Retrieved
1747:
1724:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1694:McGee, p. 53
1690:
1674:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1646:McGee, pg.48
1642:
1633:
1624:
1603:
1594:
1567:
1561:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1514:
1448:Nathalie Roy
1433:
1412:World War II
1352:
1332:
1319:
1312:John Maclean
1301:
1070:
1069:
1032:
975:Paul Mattick
769:
757:independents
751:
732:
721:
694:
666:the assembly
659:
644:
629:
606:
599:
580:
568:
552:Teachta Dála
537:
525:Dáil Éireann
518:
463:
448:of both the
436:
402:
373:
311:
257:
249:John Mitchel
229:John O'Leary
218:
207:
172:
145:
118:
112:
58:
32:
31:
29:
3992:Paul Maskey
3929:Pat Sheehan
3909:John O'Dowd
3874:Cathy Mason
3869:Alex Maskey
3859:Liz Kimmins
3854:Gerry Kelly
3814:Jemma Dolan
3789:Danny Baker
3759:Lynn Boylan
3559:Matt Carthy
3554:Pat Buckley
3422:Rita O'Hare
3391:Rita O'Hare
3373:Tom Hartley
3334:Tom Hartley
3273:Pat Doherty
3258:Gerry Adams
3248:Máire Drumm
3191:Tom Maguire
3171:John Madden
3101:Gerry Adams
2945:German Plot
2930:Fianna Fáil
2293:22 February
2142:19 December
2109:19 December
2018:22 November
1452:Charles III
1446:by speaker
955:Marc Chirik
860:Mass strike
631:Cahir Healy
540:Gerry Adams
506:Fianna Fáil
432:Second Dáil
357:1916 Rising
237:republicans
233:G. H. Moore
214:John Dillon
4043:Categories
3967:Pat Cullen
3924:Emma Rogan
3884:Fra McCann
3864:Seán Lynch
3729:Paul Gavan
3579:Seán Crowe
3544:John Brady
3427:Dawn Doyle
3396:Dawn Doyle
3377:Joe Reilly
3365:Joe Cahill
3263:Phil Flynn
3253:Joe Cahill
3233:Joe Clarke
3215:Tony Magan
3022:Presidents
3013:Leadership
3004:Leadership
2821:14 January
2682:033343613X
2585:2 December
2405:Irish Post
2263:28 January
2183:2436/27182
1387:Bolshevism
1371:Bolsheviks
1359:straw poll
1308:Guy Aldred
1194:Autonomism
1149:Solidarity
1005:Otto RĂĽhle
770:After the
743:South Down
621:Opposition
591:Joe Devlin
498:Third Dáil
446:legitimacy
378:after the
306:See also:
292:filibuster
146:After the
137:In Ireland
123:Tom Kettle
111:published
55:In Hungary
4021:Alliances
3709:Mark Ward
3186:Liam Raul
2935:Fine Gael
2863:Sinn FĂ©in
2797:0306-3631
2768:143901459
2760:0790-7184
2731:0066-6505
2717:: 37–67.
2691:468642120
2673:Macmillan
2192:0955-2359
1878:191810580
1815:1 October
1490:Citations
1430:In Canada
1326:Karl Marx
1324:in which
1304:Sinn FĂ©in
1219:Workerism
940:Jan Appel
900:Bordigism
893:Movements
855:Communism
778:with the
651:splitting
521:Ard Fheis
486:Partition
464:The 1921
442:Partition
399:) of the
385:Sinn FĂ©in
363:. At the
302:Sinn FĂ©in
253:Tipperary
158:, in the
119:Sinn FĂ©in
103:in which
4064:Boycotts
3459:Ardfheis
2920:Éire Nua
2695:AF-North
2409:Archived
2378:Archived
2351:22 March
2345:Archived
2287:Archived
2257:Archived
2136:Archived
2103:Archived
2076:Archived
2012:Archived
1909:Archived
1870:30005764
1809:Archived
1752:Archived
1553:25106060
1458:See also
1416:election
1410:. After
1339:assembly
905:In China
828:Concepts
803:a series
801:Part of
705:ardfheis
162:and the
3589:Pa Daly
2871:History
1373:in the
1102:Forward
1071:Defunct
761:Saoradh
759:. When
735:in 1933
680:to the
655:spoiler
562:at the
418:to the
266:(HRL).
185:of the
154:of the
125:of the
89:Moravia
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2669:London
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2415:9 June
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1572:Dublin
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1377:, and
1335:quorum
1174:Tiqqun
1034:Extant
933:People
492:. The
410:. The
401:first
321:Dublin
241:felons
63:, the
4001:Lists
2764:S2CID
1874:S2CID
1866:JSTOR
1549:JSTOR
1347:state
351:from
272:Meath
81:Czech
3511:2018
3501:2011
2823:2008
2793:ISSN
2756:ISSN
2727:ISSN
2687:OCLC
2677:ISBN
2648:ISBN
2629:ISBN
2610:ISBN
2587:2022
2417:2017
2386:2016
2353:2014
2314:ISBN
2295:2014
2265:2021
2188:ISSN
2144:2013
2111:2013
2065:ISBN
2039:ISBN
2020:2011
1984:ISBN
1917:2018
1817:2020
1799:ISBN
1760:2019
1730:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1580:ISBN
1520:ISBN
763:, a
660:The
607:The
554:was
510:1955
480:for
452:and
422:and
403:Dáil
315:'s "
284:Mayo
227:and
2785:doi
2748:doi
2719:doi
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