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about man. We know what he makes, but we do not know what he is or what to expect of him. Is it not conceivable that our entire civilization is built upon a misinterpretation of man? Or that the tragedy of man is due to the fact that he is a being who has forgotten the question: Who is Man? The failure to identify himself, to know what is authentic human existence, leads him to assume a false identity, to pretend to be what he is unable to be or to not accepting what is at the very root of his being. Ignorance about man is not lack of knowledge, but false knowledge.”
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832:, and what it means for one to be a prophet. This section gives us his idea of revelation as an event, as opposed to a process. This relates to Israel's commitment to God. Section three discusses his views of how a Jew should understand the nature of Judaism as a religion. He discusses and rejects the idea that mere faith (without law) alone is enough, but then cautions against rabbis he sees as adding too many restrictions to Jewish law. He discusses the need to correlate ritual observance with spirituality and love, the importance of
804:, the Jewish Sabbath. It is rooted in the thesis that Judaism is a religion of time, not space, and that the Sabbath symbolizes the sanctification of time. Heschel wrote that "Technical civilization is man's conquest of space. It is a triumph frequently achieved by sacrificing an essential ingredient of existence, namely, time." And that "To enhance our power in the world of space is our main objective" while warning that "We have often suffered from degradation by poverty, now we are threatened with degradation through power."
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824:. In this book Heschel discusses the nature of religious thought, how thought becomes faith, and how faith creates responses in the believer. He discusses ways that people can seek God's presence, and the radical amazement that we receive in return. He offers a criticism of nature worship; a study of humanity's metaphysical loneliness, and his view that we can consider God to be in search of humanity. The first section concludes with a study of
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859:, Abraham Joshua Heschel describes the unique aspect of the Jewish prophets as compared to other similar figures. Whereas other nations have soothsayers and diviners who attempt to discover the will of their gods, according to Heschel the Hebrew prophets are characterized by their experience of what he calls theotropism—God turning towards humanity. Heschel argues for the view of Hebrew prophets as receivers of the "Divine
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experiencing the presence of the Divine. Heschel then goes on to explore the problems of doubts and faith; what
Judaism means by teaching that God is one; the essence of humanity and the problem of human needs; the definition of religion in general and of Judaism in particular; and human yearning for spirituality. He offers his views as to Judaism being a pattern for life.
449:. According to some scholars, he was more interested in spirituality than in critical text study; the latter was a specialty of many scholars at JTS. He was not given a graduate assistant for many years and he was mainly relegated to teach in the education school or the Rabbinical school, not in the academic graduate program. Heschel became friendly with his colleague
930:, and the third Hebrew volume was published posthumously by JTS Press in the 1990s. A new edition, including an expanded third volume, due to manuscripts which were found and edited by Dr. Dror Bondi, was published by Magid Press in 2021. An English translation of all three volumes, with notes, essays and appendices, was translated and edited by Rabbi
993:, and it even exists in modern times. Heschel's work on prophetic inspiration in the Middle Ages originally appeared in two long Hebrew articles. In them, he concentrated on the idea that prophetic inspiration was even possible in post-Talmudic times, and, indeed, it had taken place at various schools in various times, from the
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work, and discusses their psychological state. In it
Heschel puts forward what would become a central idea in his theology: that the prophetic (and, ultimately, Jewish) view of God is best understood not as anthropomorphic (that God takes human form) but rather as anthropopathic—that God has human feelings.
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in May 1963, Dr. Heschel inquires into the logic of being human: What is meant by being human? What are the grounds on which to justify a human being's claim to being human? In the author's words, “We have never been as openmouthed and inquisitive, never as astonished and embarrassed at our ignorance
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who saw kabbalah as reflecting the influence of non-Jewish thought. While
Scholem's school focused on the metaphysics and history of kabbalistic thought, Heschel focused on kabbalistic descriptions of the human religious experience. In recent years, a growing body of kabbalah scholarship has followed
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This work started out as his PhD thesis in German, which he later expanded and translated into
English. Originally published in a two-volume edition, this work studies the books of the Hebrew prophets. It covers their lives and the historical context that their missions were set in, summarizes their
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offers
Heschel's views on how people can comprehend God. Judaism views God as being radically different from humans, so Heschel explores the ways that Judaism teaches that a person may have an encounter with the ineffable. A recurring theme in this work is the radical amazement that people feel when
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The publisher of this book states, "The standard Jewish view is that prophecy ended with the ancient prophets, somewhere early in the Second Temple era. Heschel demonstrated that this view is not altogether accurate. Belief in the possibility of continued prophetic inspiration, and belief in its
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to eliminate or modify passages in its liturgy which demeaned the Jews, or referred to an expected conversion of the Jews to
Christianity. His theological works argued that religious experience is a fundamentally human impulse, not just a Jewish one. He believed that no religious community could
375:. He never returned to Germany, Austria or Poland. He once wrote, "If I should go to Poland or Germany, every stone, every tree would remind me of contempt, hatred, murder, of children killed, of mothers burned alive, of human beings asphyxiated."
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Prophecy is the voice that God has lent to the silent agony, a voice to the plundered poor, to the profane riches of the world. It is a form of living, a crossing point of God and man. God is raging in the prophet's
863:", of the wrath and sorrow of God over his nation that has forsaken him. In this view, prophets do not speak for God so much as they remind their audience of God's voice for the voiceless, the poor and oppressed.
915:, the revelation of God to mankind, prophecy, and the ways that Jews have used scriptural exegesis to expand and understand these core Jewish texts. In this work, Heschel views the 2nd century sages
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area Neo-Nazi group who cleaned the stretch of highway as part of an "Adopt-A-Highway" program. Heschel's daughter, Susannah, has objected to the adoption of her father's name in this context.
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He also criticized what he specifically called "pan-halakhism", or an exclusive focus upon religiously compatible behavior to the neglect of the non-legalistic dimension of rabbinic tradition.
938:. In its own right it can be the subject of intense study and analysis, and provides insight into the relationship between God and Man beyond the world of Judaism and for all Monotheism.
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Abraham Joshua
Heschel was born in Warsaw in 1907, the youngest of six children of Moshe Mordechai Heschel and Reizel Perlow Heschel. He was descended from preeminent European
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Heschel discusses the nature and role of man. In these three lectures, originally delivered in somewhat different form as The
Raymond Fred West Memorial Lectures at
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as an outgrowth of classical rabbinic sources which describe God's dependence on man to implement the divine plan for the world. This contrasts with scholars like
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840:. He engages in a discussion of religious behaviorism—when people strive for external compliance with the law, yet disregard the importance of inner devotion.
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752:. . 2 v. (694 p.) Tel-Aviv: ha-Menorah, 1973. Added t.p.: Kotzk: the struggle for integrity (A Hebrew translation of vol. 1, Jerusalem: Magid, 2015).
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Five schools have been named for
Heschel, in Buenos Aires, Argentina the rabbinical School of the Seminario Rabinico Latinoamericano, the
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called
Heschel "a truly great prophet." Heschel actively participated in the Civil Rights movement, and was a participant in the third
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inaugurated the Abraham J. Heschel Center for Catholic-Jewish Relations, attended by Catholic and Jewish figures, including Rabbi
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486:" school in which God is independent and unchangeable. In Heschel's language, the "Maimonidean" perspective is associated with
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Reuven Kimelman, "Abraham Joshua Heschel's Theology of Judaism and the Rewriting of Jewish Intellectual History",
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Heschel's emphasis on the mystical experience of kabbalah and on its continuity with earlier Jewish sources.
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in 1916 when Abraham was nine. He was tutored by a Gerrer Hasid who introduced him to the thought of Rabbi
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Heschel married Sylvia Straus, a concert pianist, on December 10, 1946, in Los Angeles. Their daughter,
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Heschel arrived in New York City in March 1940. He soon left for Cincinnati, serving on the faculty of
891:) to be his masterwork. The three volumes of this work are a study of classical rabbinic theology and
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were a clarion call for social action in the United States and inspired by this belief, he worked for
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until his death in 1972. At the time of his death, Heschel lived near JTS at 425 Riverside Drive in
274:. His siblings were Sarah, Dvora Miriam, Esther Sima, Gittel, and Jacob. Their father Moshe died of
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729:. . 2 vols. London: Soncino Press, 1962. Third volume, New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 1995.
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1402:"Theological Affinities in the Writings of Abraham Joshua Heschel and Martin Luther King, Jr."
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This article is about the Polish-born American philosopher. For the Polish Hasidic rabbi, see
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in present-day Poland. His mother was also a descendant of Avraham Yehoshua Heshel and other
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Heschel's sister Esther was killed in a German bombing. His mother was murdered by the
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In late October 1938, while living in a rented room in the home of a Jewish family in
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on both sides of his family. His paternal great-great-grandfather and namesake was
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theologians and Jewish philosophers of the 20th century. Heschel, a professor of
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Heschel is a widely read Jewish theologian whose most influential works include
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Heschel explicated many facets of Jewish thought, including studies on medieval
1579:"Inauguration of the Heschel Center for Catholic-Jewish Relations - October 17"
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poetry group, Jung Vilna, and in 1933, published a volume of Yiddish poems,
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1686:, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University.
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edited by Steven T. Katz, p.132, B'nai B'rith Books, Washington D.C. 1993
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Heschel is notable as a recent proponent of what one scholar calls the "
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Heschel's role in Vatican II and his advocacy of interreligious respect
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Duke to Acquire Papers of Rabbi Heschel, Influential Religious Leader
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The Earth Is the Lord's: The Inner World of the Jew in Eastern Europe
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claim a monopoly on religious truth. For these and other reasons,
223:(January 11, 1907 – December 23, 1972) was a Polish-American
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as paradigms for the two dominant world-views in Jewish theology
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Spiritual Radical: Abraham Joshua Heschel in America, 1940–1972
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Spiritual Radical: Abraham Joshua Heschel in America, 1940–1972
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Prophetic Inspiration After the Prophets: Maimonides and Others
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Heschel, left, presenting the Judaism and World Peace Award to
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at Warsaw's Institute for Jewish Studies. Six weeks before the
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1623:"The Encyclopedia of Hasidism" edited by Rabinowicz, Tzvi M.:
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in the Jewish Thought category for Israel: An Echo of Eternity
317:. His mentor in Berlin was David Koigen. Heschel later taught
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The Heschel Center for Environmental Learning and Leadership
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Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion faculty
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education and studying for Orthodox rabbinical ordination (
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1141:"A Rabbi of His Time, With a Charisma That Transcends It."
1554:"Pope Francis welcomes opening of Jewish-Catholic center"
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Two Hebrew volumes were published during his lifetime by
899:(Jewish law). It explores the views of the rabbis in the
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Abraham Joshua Heschel: Prophetic Witness, Edward Kaplan
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
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Interpreters of Judaism in the Late Twentieth Century,
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has welcomed the establishment of the Heschel Center.
770:). 45 p. Originally published: New-York: Shoken, 1946.
371:, and two other sisters, Gittel and Devorah, died in
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Hochschule fĂĽr die Wissenschaft des Judentums alumni
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Heavenly Torah: As Refracted Through the Generations
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Heavenly Torah: As Refracted Through the Generations
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Man's Quest for God: Studies in Prayer and Symbolism
301:. There he studied under notable scholars including
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965:Heschel wrote a series of articles, originally in
889:Torah from Heaven in the mirror of the generations
724:Torah min ha-shamayim be'aspaklariya shel ha-dorot
356:, Heschel fled Warsaw for London with the help of
297:and rabbinic ordination at the non-denominational
34:. For the 17th-century chief rabbi of Krakow, see
989:actual occurrence existed throughout much of the
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1343:https://doi.org/10.1163/105369909X12506863090512
885:Torah min HaShamayim BeAspaklariya shel HaDorot
1788:Jewish Theological Seminary of America faculty
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1635:Kaplan, Edward K.; Samuel H. Dresner (1998).
1060:Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
817:God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism
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630:God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism
299:Hochschule fĂĽr die Wissenschaft des Judentums
973:in 70 CE. These essays were translated into
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413:, became a Jewish scholar in her own right.
239:, authored a number of widely read books on
1743:Activists for African-American civil rights
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800:is a work on the nature and celebration of
456:Heschel believed that the teachings of the
1843:Participants in the Second Vatican Council
1700:Arnold Jacob Wolf Review of Heavenly Torah
1684:Guide to the Abraham Joshua Heschel Papers
1071:John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
783:Man Is Not Alone: A Philosophy of Religion
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590:Man Is Not Alone: A Philosophy of Religion
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27:Polish-American Conservative Judaism Rabbi
1705:David Blumenthal review of Heavenly Torah
1637:Abraham Joshua Heschel: Prophetic Witness
1607:Abraham Joshua Heschel: Prophetic Witness
1230:McFadden, Robert D. (December 24, 1972).
696:I asked for Wonder: A spiritual anthology
1456:. Perspectiva Publishing. p. 1333.
1371:Prophetic Inspiration after the Prophets
1339:Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy
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1156:Robert D. McFadden (December 24, 1972).
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959:Prophetic Inspiration After the Prophets
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490:and the "Nachmanidean" perspective with
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293:), Heschel pursued his doctorate at the
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1126:"The Legacy of Abraham Joshua Heschel."
798:The Sabbath: Its Meaning for Modern Man
603:The Sabbath: Its Meaning for Modern Man
394:. He remained with JTS as professor of
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388:Jewish Theological Seminary of America
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1858:Jewish American anti-racism activists
1813:Polish emigrants to the United States
1388:Conservative Judaism: The New Century
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828:. Section two deals with the idea of
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733:The Ineffable Name of God: Man: Poems
1778:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
1868:American anti–Vietnam War activists
1848:Jewish American non-fiction writers
1695:Alan Brill Review of Heavenly Torah
1232:"Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel Dead"
1158:"Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel Dead"
344:. He spent ten months lecturing on
189:Higher Institute for Jewish Studies
24:
1883:20th-century American philosophers
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1282:Dreier, Peter (January 17, 2015).
981:by the American Judaica publisher
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1878:African American–Jewish relations
1763:American male non-fiction writers
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1514:Cooper, Michael (June 23, 2009).
1390:. Behrman House Inc. p. 163.
1058:Heschel's papers are held in the
1893:20th-century Polish philosophers
1613:, biography by Edward K. Kaplan
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748:Kotsk: in gerangl far emesdikeyt
425:Heschel (2nd from right) in the
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1264:Interview with Susannah Heschel
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1863:American anti-racism activists
1542:, Duke University, August 2012
1309:"Beyond the Letter of the Law"
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340:and deported to Poland in the
336:, Heschel was arrested by the
327:Der Shem Hamefoyrosh: Mentsch,
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1023:building at 30 West End Ave,
727:; Theology of Ancient Judaism
1888:20th-century American rabbis
1748:American Conservative rabbis
836:(intention) when performing
758:Der mizrekh-Eyropeyisher Yid
563:, accompanying Dr. King and
390:(JTS), the main seminary of
382:(HUC), the main seminary of
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1823:Selma to Montgomery marches
1758:American Jewish theologians
1193:September 26, 2007, at the
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670:Israel: An Echo of Eternity
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1715:November 16, 2017, at the
1654:Kaplan, Edward K. (2007).
1631:Jason Aronson, Inc., 1996.
1313:American Jewish University
1011:National Jewish Book Award
468:and spoke out against the
313:, Alexander Guttmann, and
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1838:American poets in Yiddish
1710:About Rabbi A. J. Heschel
1662:. Yale University Press.
1639:. Yale University Press.
1418:"Heschel Selected Photos"
1284:"'Selma's' Missing Rabbi"
820:is a companion volume to
561:Selma to Montgomery march
546:, as a representative of
510:Influence outside Judaism
354:German invasion of Poland
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1146:. Accessed May 25, 2014.
1131:. Accessed May 25, 2014.
1041:Agoura Hills, California
1005:Awards and commemoration
883:Many consider Heschel's
768:The Eastern European Jew
550:, Heschel persuaded the
427:Selma Civil Rights march
373:Nazi concentration camps
280:Menachem Mendel of Kotzk
243:and was a leader in the
36:Avraham Yehoshua Heschel
1803:Philosophers of Judaism
1405:The Rabbinical Assembly
1341:, 17(2), 207-238. doi:
1107:List of peace activists
826:Jews as a chosen people
264:Avraham Yehoshua Heshel
227:and one of the leading
214:Theologian, philosopher
201:Theologian, philosopher
32:Avraham Yehoshua Heshel
1793:Rabbis from Cincinnati
1453:The Matter with Things
1188:Abraham Joshua Heschel
1037:Northridge, California
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557:Martin Luther King Jr.
544:Second Vatican Council
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520:Martin Luther King Jr.
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221:Abraham Joshua Heschel
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1833:Jewish American poets
1053:Springfield, Missouri
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245:civil rights movement
1558:Catholic News Agency
1400:Heschel, Susannah.
1269:May 6, 2009, at the
1069:On 17 October 2022,
911:about the nature of
877:Torah min HaShamayim
809:God in Search of Man
532:God in Search of Man
392:Conservative Judaism
380:Hebrew Union College
362:Hebrew Union College
295:University of Berlin
285:After a traditional
184:University of Berlin
1828:Activists from Ohio
1494:Jewish Book Council
1428:on December 4, 2007
971:Temple in Jerusalem
951:Stanford University
683:A Passion for Truth
1798:Rabbis from Warsaw
1768:American pacifists
1753:American ethicists
1520:The New York Times
1236:The New York Times
1163:The New York Times
1144:The New York Times
1035:of New York City,
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921:Ishmael ben Elisha
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522:, December 7, 1965
497:Heschel described
447:Hasidic philosophy
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358:Julian Morgenstern
1669:978-0-300-13769-9
1646:978-0-300-07186-3
1463:978-1-9145680-6-0
1422:Dartmouth College
1021:AJ Heschel School
977:and published as
462:African Americans
439:Jewish philosophy
346:Jewish philosophy
272:Hasidic dynasties
241:Jewish philosophy
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98:December 23, 1972
16:(Redirected from
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1064:Duke University
1033:Upper West Side
1007:
991:medieval period
963:
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881:
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813:
795:
780:
573:
571:Published works
552:Catholic Church
512:
503:Gershon Scholem
458:Hebrew prophets
451:Mordecai Kaplan
419:
360:, president of
311:Julius Guttmann
253:
193:
176:Alma mater
146:
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59:Heschel in 1964
48:
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28:
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18:Abraham Heschel
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19:
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1586:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1557:
1547:
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1519:
1509:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:
1484:
1477:The Prophets
1476:
1472:
1451:
1442:
1430:. Retrieved
1426:the original
1412:
1407:, 1998, PDF.
1404:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1370:
1362:
1355:The Prophets
1354:
1349:
1338:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1303:
1291:. Retrieved
1287:
1277:
1259:
1249:February 16,
1247:. Retrieved
1235:
1225:
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1201:
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1128:
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1079:Pope Francis
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978:
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935:
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888:
884:
882:
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869:
865:
857:The Prophets
856:
855:In his book
854:
850:
845:The Prophets
844:
821:
815:
814:
808:
797:
796:
790:
782:
781:
775:
755:
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732:
721:
708:
695:
682:
669:
656:
644:The Prophets
643:
628:
615:
602:
589:
576:
540:The Prophets
539:
536:The Sabbath,
535:
531:
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496:
480:Nachmanidean
477:
474:
466:civil rights
455:
436:
408:
377:
366:
331:
326:
284:
254:
220:
219:
169:Conservative
161:Denomination
100:(1972-12-23)
40:
1738:1972 deaths
1733:1907 births
1588:October 27,
1563:October 27,
1499:January 23,
943:Who is Man?
934:, entitled
917:Rabbi Akiva
866:He writes:
791:The Sabbath
657:Who Is Man?
492:Rabbi Akiva
484:Maimonidean
470:Vietnam War
342:Polenaktion
1727:Categories
1583:www.kul.pl
1479:Ch. 1
1367:Moshe Idel
1113:References
999:Maimonides
830:revelation
565:John Lewis
211:Profession
198:Profession
76:1907-01-11
1525:March 26,
1373:, p. ix-x
1353:Heschel,
1293:March 13,
1244:0362-4331
542:. At the
404:Manhattan
400:Mysticism
334:Frankfurt
315:Leo Baeck
276:influenza
251:Biography
1713:Archived
1450:(2021).
1386:(1993).
1318:July 29,
1267:Archived
1191:Archived
1085:See also
735:. 2004.
711:. 2005.
698:. 1983.
685:. 1973.
672:. 1969.
646:. 1962.
633:. 1955.
618:. 1954.
605:. 1951.
592:. 1951.
579:. 1949.
499:kabbalah
443:Kabbalah
417:Ideology
165:Orthodox
155:Susannah
151:Children
118:Religion
110:New York
65:Personal
1049:Ontario
1045:Toronto
975:English
909:Midrash
901:Mishnah
897:halakha
893:aggadah
838:mitzvot
834:Kavanah
802:Shabbat
764:Yiddish
338:Gestapo
323:Yiddish
291:semicha
287:yeshiva
235:at the
145:
137:
122:Judaism
1666:
1643:
1627:
1617:
1609:&
1460:
1242:
1129:Tikkun
1043:, and
1009:1970:
995:Geonim
967:Hebrew
961:(1966)
945:(1965)
905:Talmud
879:(1962)
871:words.
861:Pathos
847:(1962)
811:(1955)
793:(1951)
778:(1951)
739:
715:
702:
689:
676:
663:
659:1965.
650:
637:
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596:
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445:, and
319:Talmud
257:rabbis
229:Jewish
128:Spouse
112:, U.S.
88:Poland
84:Warsaw
1552:CNA.
1357:, 468
913:Torah
429:with
369:Nazis
350:Torah
261:Rebbe
225:rabbi
139:(
135:
1664:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1625:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1590:2022
1565:2022
1527:2010
1501:2020
1458:ISBN
1434:2020
1320:2020
1295:2015
1251:2023
1240:ISSN
983:Ktav
919:and
907:and
737:ISBN
713:ISBN
700:ISBN
687:ISBN
674:ISBN
661:ISBN
648:ISBN
635:ISBN
620:ISBN
607:ISBN
594:ISBN
581:ISBN
538:and
398:and
348:and
95:Died
70:Born
1062:at
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887:, (
268:Apt
266:of
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762:(
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20:)
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