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420:. However, the war that Smith hoped to stem as a result of the settlement continued unabated. Mugabe and Nkomo rejected the settlement, ending any realistic chance for Muzorewa to gain any international legitimacy. While ZANU and ZAPU could have taken part in the elections if they laid down their arms, they refused to do so. The internal settlement was also condemned by the
263:. He was a school teacher at Mrewa between 1943 and 1947 before becoming a full-time lay preacher at Mtoko between 1947 and 1949. He then studied theology at Old Umtali Biblical College (1949–1952) and was ordained a Minister at Umtali in August 1953. He was a pastor at Chiduku, near Rusape, from 1955 to 1958.
509:
On 21 June 2007, Muzorewa said citizens, black and white alike, came to his house and asked him to run for president. He said
Zimbabwe was "bleeding, economically and socially. It is painful to listen to them talk." He asked people to pray that negotiations between ZANU-PF and the MDC, mediated by
456:
took place at the end of
February 1980, after a campaign filled with much intimidation by Mugabe's ZANU. The British government briefly considered disqualifying ZANU from participating in the elections for flagrant violation of the Lancaster House Agreement, but in the end did nothing. On 4 March
473:
on 21 October 1983. He urged Mugabe to establish diplomatic relations, saying his political policies hurt
Zimbabwe's agriculture and technology industries. The Zimbabwean government arrested Muzorewa on 1 November on charges of conspiring against Mugabe for the
288:
In July 1963, Muzorewa became pastor of Old Umtali. A year later he was appointed
National Director of the Christian Youth Movement and was seconded to the Christian Council. In 1966, he became Secretary of the Student Christian Movement. In 1968, at Masera in
1609:
457:
1980, the elections resulted in a majority for Mugabe and ZANU. The UANC won only three out of 80 seats reserved for
Africans in the House of Assembly. Under Mugabe, "Zimbabwe Rhodesia" became the Republic of Zimbabwe, or "
1229:
270:. By then he had a wife and three sons, who lived with him in prefabricated student housing, while his sons attended a segregated school. His youngest son Wesley and playmate Mark Elrod (son of the college librarian
720:
530:
on 8 April 2010. The
Director of Christian Care, Reverend Forbes Matonga, described Muzorewa's legacy as including "his role in the country's transition to independence, the Methodist Church and the founding of
1616:
450:
on 11 December 1979 and dissolved itself. As part of a transition to internationally recognised independence, the country once again became the
British colony of Southern Rhodesia pending elections.
393:
This
Executive Council was to run the affairs of state prior to elections taking place. A new constitution was drafted reserving 10 seats in the Senate and 28 seats in the House of Assembly for the
1404:
2174:
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446:, the British Foreign Secretary. Muzorewa was persuaded to accept fresh elections, to be held in early 1980. In accordance with the final agreement, Muzorewa's government revoked the
2135:
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442:. Nkomo and Mugabe attended the conference under the "Patriotic Front" (PF) banner. The conference was held from 10 September to 15 December 1979, under the chairmanship of
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turned down his bid to postpone the elections on the basis that the electoral rules were unfair (as state funds were only available to parties with 15 or more seats in
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that provided for a transition to "majority rule" in exchange for an end to sanctions against the government. Muzorewa joined an inexperienced cleric, the
Reverend
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The proposed referendum was withdrawn and
Muzorewa found himself a national leader and an international personality. The government opposition movements—the
2101:
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Waddy, Nicholas. "The Strange Death of ‘Zimbabwe-Rhodesia’: The Question of British Recognition of the Muzorewa Regime in Rhodesian Public Opinion, 1979."
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in Nashville, Tennessee, they were turned away from an eating facility, an incident he mentions in his autobiography. However, he later graduated as a
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Interview with Abel Muzorewa by Carl Fredrik Hallencreutz within the project Nordic Documentation on the Liberation Struggle in Southern Africa
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of 1978, which declared any settlement drafted under the "illegal racist minority regime" to be "illegal and unacceptable."
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The British government asked all parties to come to London for negotiations to find a lasting solution to the
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On 3 March 1978, Muzorewa, Sithole and other non-exiled leaders signed an agreement at Government House,
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after disagreements with Sithole) and ZAPU undertook guerrilla warfare, the UANC was the only legal
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against 'conspiring'. Muzorewa then went on a hunger strike, which lasted from 3 to 11 November.
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691:
Southern African Political History: A chronological of key political events from independence to
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274:) attempted to integrate the ice cream counter of the local drug store, but were turned away.
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514:, would be successful and for Zimbabwe's "salvation." Ultimately Muzorewa did not run in the
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840:"PASSINGS: Timothy White, Christopher Cazenove, Bishop Abel Muzorewa, Peter Ramsbotham"
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Muzorewa was the eldest of a lay preacher's five children and was educated at the
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721:"Bishop Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean Transitional Figure of 1970s, Dies in Harare"
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that took place in January 1979. An overwhelming majority of 85% voted yes.
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said Muzorewa's legacy in Zimbabwe would be that of "a man of peace".
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positions. The constitution was approved in a nearly whites-only
953:(1923–1965, the internationally accepted legal name until 1980)
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506:). He remained on the ballot and won 4.8% of the popular vote.
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Muzorewa attended Central College in Fayette, Missouri, later
211:(14 April 1925 – 8 April 2010), also commonly referred to as
464:
16:
First and only prime minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia (1979-80)
326:(UANC) to oppose the settlement, under the acronym NIBMAR (
830:"Abel Muzorewa, African Cleric and Politician, Dies at 85"
703:
Zimbabwe President's Last Rival Withdraws From Election
489:
639:Mudambanuki, Tafadzwa; Tanton, Tim (8 April 2010).
587:
546:Bishop Muzorewa and his wife are buried at the Old
314:In 1971 the British government struck a deal with
309:
790:White farmer vows to challenge Muzorewa farm grab
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590:African nationalist leaders in Rhodesia who's who
526:Muzorewa died aged 84 from cancer at his home in
2305:
564:List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
422:United Nations Security Council Resolution 423
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1230:
1159:
913:
796:http://www.themukiwa.com/rhodesianwar/sfa.htm
669:"Zimbabwe: Muzorewa plots political comeback"
247:leader, he held office for less than a year.
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427:
753:Soames, Lord. "From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe."
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778:Dictionary of African Christian Biography
465:Visit to Israel, arrest and hunger strike
285:from Scarritt (now a conference center).
662:
660:
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373:
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408:Elections were held, and the UANC won.
2339:English-language writers from Zimbabwe
2306:
588:Cary, Robert; Mitchell, Diana (1977).
448:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
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279:Scarritt College for Christian Workers
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494:Muzorewa stood against Mugabe in the
490:1996 and 2008 presidential elections
328:no independence before majority rule
65:1 June 1979 – 18 April 1980
2359:Zimbabwean United Methodist bishops
2349:Central Methodist University alumni
874:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
521:
360:party, since it rejected violence.
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53:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
13:
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535:in the eastern Zimbabwean city of
277:When Elrod took Muzorewa to visit
14:
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223:who served as the first and only
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765:South African Historical Journal
671:. New Zimbabwe via allAfrica.com
592:. Bulawayo: Books of Rhodesia.
478:. Two days later Mugabe warned
343:Zimbabwe African People's Union
335:Zimbabwe African National Union
324:United African National Council
310:United African National Council
179:United African National Council
727:. 9 April 2010. Archived from
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581:
1:
705:New York Times, 16 March 1996
574:
496:presidential election of 1996
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784:American Committee on Africa
293:, he was consecrated as the
268:Central Methodist University
7:
794:Security Force Auxiliaries
689:Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey.
557:
498:, but pulled out after the
10:
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1176:1st Parliament of Zimbabwe
569:Security Force Auxiliaries
516:2008 presidential election
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1200:Leader of the Opposition:
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641:"Bishop Abel T. Muzorewa"
550:Mission Station, Mutare,
539:". Political commentator
434:Lancaster House Agreement
428:Lancaster House Agreement
259:School, Old Umtali, near
237:Lancaster House Agreement
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801:21 February 2020 at the
510:South African President
476:South African government
390:, along with Ian Smith.
454:Parliamentary elections
397:, and a quarter of the
295:United Methodist Church
241:United Methodist Church
209:Abel Tendekayi Muzorewa
127:Abel Tendekayi Muzorewa
2329:Zimbabwean politicians
1654:Simbarashe Mumbengegwi
1013:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
820:"Bishop Abel Muzorewa"
757:56#3 (1980): 405–419.
614:"Bishop Abel Muzorewa"
379:
2354:Zimbabwean Methodists
2334:Rhodesian politicians
1087:an unrecognised state
1055:an unrecognised state
1016:(1953–1963, of which
767:66.2 (2014): 227–248.
755:International Affairs
667:Lebo Nkatazo (2007).
377:
965:Howard Unwin Moffat
935:and its antecedents
824:The Daily Telegraph
552:Manicaland Province
370:Internal Settlement
364:Internal Settlement
352:After ZANU (led by
337:(ZANU) of Reverend
233:Internal Settlement
2324:People from Mutare
1119:a recognised state
853:Political offices
834:The New York Times
480:Ndabaningi Sithole
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339:Ndabaningi Sithole
165:Borrowdale, Harare
74:Josiah Zion Gumede
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1626:House of Assembly
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1271:Deputy President:
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1133:Morgan Tsvangirai
1082:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
1018:Southern Rhodesia
950:Southern Rhodesia
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881:Succeeded by
844:Los Angeles Times
786:: Election report
693:, 1999. Page 726.
533:Africa University
469:Muzorewa visited
418:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
229:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
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148:Southern Rhodesia
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620:. 9 April 2010
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599:0-86920-152-2
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500:Supreme Court
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410:Josiah Gumede
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354:Robert Mugabe
350:
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321:
320:Canaan Banana
317:
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297:'s Bishop of
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137:14 April 1925
125:
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104:
103:Robert Mugabe
101:
95:
91:
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75:
72:
68:
62:
57:
54:
50:
46:
39:
34:
30:Abel Muzorewa
27:
22:
19:
2288:
2086:Joshua Nkomo
2001:R. Chinamano
1991:J. Chinamano
1677:Bassopo-Moyo
1650:
1636:
1550:Mashayamombe
1270:
1256:
1199:
1185:
1095:
1053:(1965–1979,
1032:Roy Welensky
872:
843:
833:
823:
764:
754:
733:. Retrieved
729:the original
698:
690:
685:
673:. Retrieved
645:. Retrieved
634:
622:. Retrieved
618:The Guardian
617:
608:
589:
583:
545:
541:John Makumbe
525:
508:
493:
484:Joshua Nkomo
468:
452:
437:
407:
392:
381:
351:
347:Joshua Nkomo
332:
313:
287:
276:
265:
254:
212:
208:
207:
160:(2010-04-08)
158:8 April 2010
98:Succeeded by
60:
18:
2319:2010 deaths
2314:1925 births
2284:Mundawarara
2131:van der Byl
1947:Ushewokunze
1917:Shamuyarira
1897:Rambanepasi
1837:Mumbengegwi
1682:Chidyausiku
1501:Independent
1302:Chinengundu
1178:(1980–1985)
780:: Biography
624:7 September
512:Thabo Mbeki
245:nationalist
243:bishop and
239:in 1979. A
219:bishop and
107:of Zimbabwe
90:of Rhodesia
81:Preceded by
2308:Categories
2236:Stuttaford
2136:Cartwright
2081:John Nkomo
2071:J. Ngwenya
2066:D. Ngwenya
1912:Sekeramayi
1907:Sanyangare
1842:Munyaradzi
1812:Mombeshora
1581:Charumbira
1555:Msikavanhu
1312:Culverwell
878:1979-1980
814:Obituaries
675:6 December
575:References
504:parliament
403:referendum
345:(ZAPU) of
251:Early life
221:politician
217:Zimbabwean
193:Profession
144:Manicaland
133:1925-04-14
2061:E. Ndlovu
2056:C. Ndlovu
2051:A. Ndlovu
1968:Jekanyika
1962:J. Zvobgo
1957:E. Zvobgo
1937:Tavarwisa
1927:Shirihuru
1902:Rutanhire
1877:Nhiwatiwa
1857:Mutumbuka
1847:Murambiwa
1822:Mudzingwa
1817:Mnangagwa
1807:Mazorodze
1792:Mativenga
1767:Mangwende
1757:S. Makoni
1752:C. Makoni
1737:Kaparadza
1727:Kadungure
1687:Chikowore
1467:Rosenfels
1439:Partridge
1352:M. Ndlovu
1347:A. Ndlovu
1258:President
1203:Ian Smith
1064:Ian Smith
1020:was part)
995:Ian Smith
861:Ian Smith
414:President
384:Salisbury
316:Ian Smith
231:from the
86:Ian Smith
70:President
61:In office
2289:Muzorewa
2279:Mukarati
2231:I. Smith
2221:D. Smith
2210:Chalmers
2156:Elsworth
2145:Berkhout
2121:Andersen
2091:S. Nkomo
2046:Muchachi
1987:Chambati
1932:Taderera
1892:Pswarayi
1882:Nyagumbo
1872:Ndangana
1797:Mavhaire
1786:Malianga
1697:Chivaura
1540:Mukarati
1535:Dakamela
1530:Chitanga
1525:Chingoma
1372:Tangwena
1367:Takawira
1307:Chivende
1297:Chidzero
1114:Zimbabwe
1050:Rhodesia
933:Zimbabwe
889:Zimbabwe
866:Rhodesia
846:obituary
836:obituary
826:obituary
799:Archived
558:See also
459:Zimbabwe
440:Bush War
341:and the
299:Rhodesia
291:Botswana
215:, was a
169:Zimbabwe
2260:Cumming
2225:Probert
2216:Shields
2206:Moseley
2201:Micklem
2181:Holland
2171:Goddard
2151:Divaris
2025:Mutanga
2021:Mangena
2016:Malunga
1952:Ziyenge
1887:Nyazika
1862:Muzenda
1782:Masango
1772:Manyika
1762:Mamutse
1747:Makombe
1742:Mahachi
1692:Chitepo
1669:ZANU–PF
1658:ZANU–PF
1647:ZANU–PF
1638:Speaker
1560:Ndiweni
1434:Mussett
1429:Hartley
1410:Fleming
1377:Ziyambi
1362:Shoniwa
1342:Munyati
1327:Makunde
1322:Makanda
1289:ZANU–PF
1278:ZANU–PF
1267:ZANU–PF
1196:ZANU–PF
1085:(1979,
735:9 April
399:Cabinet
235:to the
2256:Walker
2246:Tapson
2196:Landau
2191:Irvine
2165:Thrush
2141:Cronjé
2126:Butler
2011:Lesabe
1942:Tekere
1867:Mvenge
1852:Mutasa
1832:Mujuru
1827:Mugabe
1802:Mawema
1777:Marere
1732:Kangai
1722:Kabasa
1518:Chiefs
1509:Norman
1454:Whaley
1444:Savage
1419:Wilson
1395:Ankers
1337:Mubako
1317:Hungwe
1246:Senate
1111:
1079:
1047:
1010:
947:
759:online
647:5 June
643:. UMNS
596:
548:Mutare
537:Mutare
528:Harare
471:Israel
261:Mutare
197:Clergy
185:Spouse
140:Umtali
26:Bishop
2240:Nixon
2175:Field
2161:Gaunt
2102:Mpofu
2096:Ntuta
2076:Njini
2041:Msipa
2031:Mguni
1922:Shava
1717:Hunda
1702:Dhube
1575:Whata
1570:Ncube
1565:Nyati
1545:Gwebu
1486:Msika
1448:Grubb
1423:Scott
1405:Clark
1400:Blunt
1357:Nkala
358:black
2271:UANC
2185:York
2036:Moyo
2006:Kona
1995:Mano
1979:ZAPU
1712:Hove
1707:Dube
1491:Todd
1478:ZAPU
1460:Oatt
1332:Moyo
887:(of
864:(of
737:2010
677:2007
649:2024
626:2019
594:ISBN
482:and
155:Died
123:Born
2250:Kay
1649:);
1269:);
1198:);
931:of
461:".
330:).
227:of
2310::
1993:;
1421:;
1207:RF
842:–
832:–
822:–
723:.
710:^
657:^
616:.
554:.
518:.
301:.
167:,
146:,
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2258:(
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2248:(
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2238:(
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2223:(
2212:)
2208:(
2187:)
2183:(
2177:)
2173:(
2167:)
2163:(
2147:)
2143:(
2104:)
2100:(
2027:)
2023:(
1997:)
1989:(
1970:)
1966:(
1788:)
1784:(
1660:)
1656:(
1645:(
1640::
1618:e
1611:t
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1579:(
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739:.
679:.
651:.
628:.
602:.
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131:(
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105:(
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88:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
