1389:
49:
1499:
1306:
1430:
646:
1463:
638:
546:
using assisted loading, of 120 mm (4.7 in). On 18 August 1938 the development of the
Mounting T1 was approved as well. The new design seemed so much better than developments of the older three-inch that work on the three-inch T9 was canceled in 1938, just as it became production-ready. On 21 March 1940, the second development of the 90 mm design, the T2, was standardized as the
1369:) and had a higher muzzle velocity using new ammunition loaded to produce higher chamber pressures. The new ammunition had a slightly longer shoulder to prevent accidental chambering in the older M3 variants. The T119 was backwards compatible with the ammunition used on the M3A1. Upon standardization of the M47 in 1951, the T119E1 version was redesignated as the 90 mm gun M36.
1479:
gun able to depress to −10 degrees. To protect the crew, a large metal shield was added. The M2 was the standard weapon by May 13, 1943. From the march it could fire from its wheels in three minutes, and from a fully emplaced position in seven minutes. In 1944 the weapon was enhanced with the addition of
733:
penetrator sub-caliber projectile with a muzzle velocity of 3,350 ft/s (1,020 m/s), or the T33 AP with a re-heat-treated projectile with ballistic windshield and a muzzle velocity of 2,800 ft/s (850 m/s). The HVAP could compete with the KwK 43's penetration performance when firing
545:
However, the US Army became interested in a much more capable weapon instead, and on June 9, 1938, it issued a development contract calling for two new guns, one of 90 mm, which it felt was the largest possible size that was still capable of being manually loaded at high elevations, and another,
1478:
A complete redesign to make the gun dual role, functioning as an anti-tank gun as well as an anti-aircraft gun. The ammunition feed was upgraded and an automatic fuze setter-rammer, the M20, was added. This enabled the rate of fire to reach up to 24 rounds per minute. Elevation was improved with the
1344:
Near the end of World War II, more experimental versions of the 90 mm gun were tested including the higher-velocity T18 and T19 main guns. The T19 was a T18 modified in an attempt to reduce barrel wear. Other versions included the T21, which was intended for wheeled vehicles, and the T22, which
1420:
each. Typically two of the 90 mm guns were on T3/M3 fixed mounts and two were on towed M1A1 or M2 mounts, with the 37 mm or 40 mm weapons on single towed mounts. The T3/M3 mount was designed for anti-surface or anti-aircraft fire. Emplacements for at least 90 batteries of two fixed guns each,
565:
in
November 1940, with the first unit shipped in September 1941. The M1A1 included an improved mount and spring-rammer on the breech, with the result that firing rates went up to 20 rounds per minute. Several thousand were available when the US entered the war, and the M1A1 was their standard
725:(armor-piercing capped ballistic cap) shot used by German forces, with the result that the former's penetration fell far short of the standard projectile fired by that German tank. As a result, US ordnance provided some T26/M26 tank crews with the 90 mm
470:
barrel, giving it a length of 15 ft (4.6 m). It was capable of firing a 3.5 in × 23.6 in (90 mm × 600 mm) shell 62,474 ft (19,042 m) horizontally, or a maximum altitude of 43,500 ft (13,300 m).
1151:
and the T15 series. The 90 mm T15E1 L/73, with its 21 ft (6.4 m) long barrel, was designed and developed as an AT gun that could match or surpass the performance of the 8.8 cm KwK43 L/71 cannon, the famous long 88 on the Tiger II.
625:, the M1A1 was used against tanks in combat but, unlike the others, it could not be depressed to fire against them. On September 11, 1942, the Army issued specifications for a new mount to allow it to be used in this role, which resulted in the
1191:: An M82 projectile with increased nose hardness and overall better design. Same muzzle velocity 3,200 ft/s, but increased penetration, equal to the KwK43. 9.1–9.3 in (231–236 mm) against vertical armor at point-blank range.
669:
was slaved to the radar with a beam width set so that the target would be somewhere in the beam when it was turned on, at which point the engagement continued as in the day. In 1944, the system was upgraded with the addition of the
1352:
In the post-World War II era, development of the T15 continued redesignated as the T54, which used a slightly shorter and fatter propellent casing than that of the T15E1. The T54 served as the main gun on the M26E1 Pershing.
1167:
A solid shot, it was a modified T33 for use by the T15. It had a muzzle velocity of 3,200 ft/s (980 m/s) and therefore increased penetration capabilities. It could punch through 4 in (100 mm) of armor
541:
and other arsenals. There had been several upgrades to the weapon over its history, including the experimental T8 and T9 versions developed in the early 1930s, that were intended to enter service later in that decade.
1178:
Modified M82 projectile of the M3 cannon, fired at a much higher velocity of 3,200 ft/s, than the normal 2,670 ft/s. It could defeat up to 8.5 in (220 mm) of vertical armor at 30 ft
1340:
and a
Panther. However, the Tiger II claim is disputed by historians on the grounds that the nearest unit known to be equipped with Tiger IIs was 70 miles from Dessau on the date when the kill was claimed.
1142:
Because the standard fifteen-and-a-half foot long M3 90 mm main tank gun proved incapable of penetrating the heaviest frontal armor of the heaviest German tanks such as the Tiger II tank and the rarer
629:, introducing yet another new mount, one that could be depressed to 10 degrees below the horizontal and featured a new electrically-assisted rammer. It became the standard weapon from May 13, 1943.
705:
tank. The M3 fired an M82 APC shot with a muzzle velocity of 2,650 ft/s (810 m/s). However, both the muzzle velocity of the standard M3 gun and the quality of the steel used in the M82
561:, which entered production in late 1940, and was accepted as the standard on May 22, 1941. Since national arsenals had limited capacity, production of first 300 gun mounts was contracted to
1320:
where it was enhanced with additional armor plates. Its gun was fired in anger on only one occasion, on April 4, 1945, where it engaged and destroyed a German armored vehicle, probably a
1185:
Modified M304(T30E16) for use out of the T15. Muzzle velocity of 3,750 ft/s (1,140 m/s). Maximum penetration of 15 in (380 mm) of vertical armor at 30 ft.
674:
microwave radar, which was accurate to about 0.06 degrees (1 mil) and also provided automatic tracking. With the SCR-584, direction and range information was sent directly to the
474:
The 90 mm gun was the US Army's primary heavy anti-aircraft gun from just prior to the opening of World War II into 1946, complemented by small numbers of the much larger
1862:
706:
2781:
2796:
1704:
D-Day Museum. This gun belonged to the 116th AAA Gun
Battalion and was lost in the Channel 6 June 1944. The gun was recovered by locals after the war.
2766:
1817:
665:
in 1941, which was not accurate enough to directly lay the guns, but provided accurate ranging throughout the engagement. For night-time use, a
1515:
and bore evacuator, used on M46 Patton and early versions of the M48 Patton tanks and refurbished M36 tank destroyers during the Korean War.
482:
presented a perceived threat from Soviet bombers. The anti-aircraft guns were phased out in the middle 1950s as their role was taken over by
1491:
A tank-mounted anti-tank version of the gun. It was used to equip the M36 tank destroyer and the M26 Pershing tank. It is also known as the
2771:
1316:
By mid-March 1945, a T26E1 pilot was equipped with the 90 mm T15E1 and was sent to Europe in a ''trial by combat''. It was given to the
1796:
1412:
and US territories. The guns were organized in anti-motor torpedo boat (AMTB) batteries, typically with four 90 mm guns and two
2751:
1401:
514:
1459:
Towed anti-aircraft gun. Production began in 1940. It featured the M8A1 spring rammer. Its rate of fire was 20 rounds per minute.
689:
The M3 was also adapted as the main gun for various armored vehicles, starting with the experimental T7 which was accepted as the
2776:
1734:
2465:
566:
anti-aircraft gun for the rest of the conflict. Production rates continued to improve, topping out in a few thousand per month.
1872:
1147:
tank destroyer variant, a number of improved versions of the M3 were developed, including the T14 which included a standard
2756:
2440:
2409:
2313:
1317:
2260:
1131:
An unsuccessful anti-tank variant was the T8 gun on the T5 carriage. The gun was an M1 with the recoil mechanism from the
1852:
1908:
1467:
17:
2197:
2164:
2079:
2030:
1372:
The lightweight variant of the T119, designated as the T139 and standardized as the 90 mm gun M41, equipped the
510:
1951:
1313:
Two versions of the T15 were made: the T15E1 with single-piece ammunition and the T15E2 with two-piece ammunition.
1376:
tanks used in the
Vietnam War. The M41 with a modified recoil system was mounted as the 90 mm gun M54 on the
2761:
2588:
2256:
United States War
Department TM 9-374 Technical Manual 90-MM Gun M3 Mounted in Combat Vehicles. 11 September 1944
1587:
1417:
681:, and M9 director, which could direct and lay the guns automatically, all the crews had to do was load the guns.
2139:
1349:
howitzer. The T21 and T22 were designed to use larger powder charges. None of these versions entered service.
2694:
1421:
plus mobile weapons, were constructed in CONUS, Panama, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and elsewhere in 1943.
517:. Each gun cost roughly $ 50,000 to make in 1940 and utilized up to 30 separate contractors to manufacture.
2725:
2669:
1693:
2103:
Report AD301343 An
Analytical Study of Data on Armor Penetration by Tank-Fired Kinetic Energy Projectiles.
1788:
Military Museum, (the museum has several barrels and was restoring at least one weapon as of
October 2014)
2603:
1728:
1657:
534:
2786:
2277:
1811:
1687:
1670:
2547:
537:(76.2 mm L/50), a widely used caliber for this class of weapon. Similar weapons were in British,
2730:
2715:
1755:, São Paulo, Brazil, located at an open museum which belongs to the 11ª Brigade of the Brazilian Army
1631:
1607:
2791:
2306:
1676:
1576:
841:
259:
1999:
1884:
1388:
1135:. Eventually a version of the T8 with the T20E1 gun and T15 carriage was tested; this led to the
653:
In anti-aircraft use, the guns were normally operated in groups of four, controlled by the M7 or
2214:"United States War Department TM 9-374 Technical Manual 90-MM Gun M3 Mounted in Combat Vehicles"
1939:
1361:
In 1948 an improved version of the M3A1, designated as the T119, was designed to be used on the
2699:
1985:
1781:
483:
360:
2255:
2213:
2404:
1770:
1600:
455:
319:
M3 APC: 3.5 in × 38.24 in (90 mm × 970 mm) (M82 complete round)
31:
2649:
322:
M3 AP: 3.5 in × 32.75 in (90 mm × 830 mm) (M77 complete round)
316:
M3 HE: 3.5 in × 37.44 in (90 mm × 950 mm) (M71 complete round)
2470:
678:
2291:
8:
2475:
2343:
2299:
1857:
1745:
1724:
1664:
467:
340:
M82 APC: 24.11 lb (10.94 kg) projectile, 42.75 lb (19.39 kg) complete
1928:
1160:
The T15 90 mm L/73 anti-tank gun utilized many types of armor piercing ammunition.
343:
M77 AP: 23.40 lb (10.61 kg) projectile, 42.04 lb (19.07 kg) complete
337:
M71 HE: 23.29 lb (10.56 kg) projectile, 41.93 lb (19.02 kg) complete
2644:
2557:
2521:
2495:
1902:
1683:
698:
694:
658:
622:
498:
329:
308:
116:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2664:
2193:
2170:
2160:
2135:
2075:
2026:
1823:
1708:
1617:
1447:
557:
A few hundred M1s were completed when several improvements were added to produce the
67:
2720:
2659:
2639:
2629:
2598:
2593:
2353:
1896:
1405:
530:
2562:
2460:
1624:
1593:
1562:
1362:
654:
487:
407:
1905:: contemporary British anti-aircraft gun, firing a 28 pounds (13 kg) shell
1785:
1611:
1480:
797:
562:
2745:
2654:
2613:
2567:
2552:
2542:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2450:
2445:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2045:, Washington, D.C., U.S. Army: Office of the Chief of Ordnance (January 1945)
1890:
1346:
1132:
718:
710:
551:
475:
463:
71:
2174:
1332:. According to the memoirs of John P. Irwin, it knocked out a King Tiger in
2583:
2526:
2399:
2348:
2338:
1512:
1498:
1413:
1377:
1328:, at a range of 4,500 ft (1,400 m) during the fighting along the
1325:
1148:
1136:
702:
526:
506:
502:
390:
138:
48:
1644:
One AAA M1A1 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, US Army Air
Defense Artillery Museum.
2455:
2265:
2094:
Report ADA954868 Comparative
Effectiveness of Armor Defeating Ammunition.
1867:
1763:
1647:
One AAA M2A2 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, US Army Air Defense Artillery Museum
1393:
1329:
743:
Calculated penetration at range (90 degrees) using 50% success criteria.
666:
1955:
1800:
1738:
1717:
1701:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1373:
1366:
1305:
380:
250:
143:
54:
2192:(Second ed.). CDSG Press. pp. 80–81, 200–223, 233, 249–251.
1429:
645:
27:
Type of anti-aircraft gun and anti-tank gun (M1, M2) and tank gun (M3)
2516:
2511:
2323:
1638:
1583:
1337:
1144:
675:
459:
2271:
734:
standard APCBC, but tungsten ammunition was always in short supply.
1759:
1752:
730:
714:
494:
479:
77:
2236:
TM 9-2300 standard artillery and fire control material. dated 1944
1878:
1769:
One seacoast M1 on barbette, carriage Model T3 (shield scrapped),
1835:
One at Mémorial du Débarquement et de la Libération en Provence,
1827:
1569:
1462:
1321:
671:
662:
350:
478:. Both were widely deployed in the United States postwar as the
1840:
1836:
1807:
1792:
1774:
1697:
1333:
30:
For the French 90mm field gun of 1877 used in World War I, see
637:
1551:, Fairfield, California, near the entrance to the skeet range
1409:
722:
649:
View of a 90 mm anti-aircraft gun emplacement, Okinawa, 1945
466:. It had a 3.5 in (90 mm) diameter bore, and a 50
2321:
1653:
One AAA M1A1 at US Veterans Memorial Museum, Huntsville, AL
726:
538:
1713:
One AAA M1A1 at Halifax, Nova Scotia, Royal Artillery Park
1155:
1404:
adopted the 90 mm M1 to supplement or replace aging
1392:
90 mm M1 gun on T3/M3 seacoast mount at Battery Parrott,
1893:: contemporary German tank gun, mounted on Tiger I Tanks
1952:"US Army AAA Gun Site Program 1951-59 at ed-thelen.org"
1863:
List of U.S. Army weapons by supply catalog designation
1172:(from vertical) up to about 1,300 ft (400 m).
2074:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. pp. 90–92.
1443:
Towed anti-aircraft gun. Approved for service in 1940.
709:(armor-piercing capped) shot, while comparable to the
1650:
One AAA M1A1 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, 31st ADA Brigade
505:
tank, as well as a number of post-war tanks like the
2055:
Bird, Lorrin Rexford; Livingston, Robert D. (2001).
2000:"The United States Army in World War II: Statistics"
1530:
M82 APC – 24.11 lb (10.94 kg) (projectile)
1527:
M77 AP – 23.40 lb (10.61 kg) (projectile)
1524:
M71 HE – 23.29 lb (10.56 kg) (projectile)
509:. It was also briefly deployed from 1943–1946 as a
2132:Pershing: A History Of The Medium Tank T20 Series
1641:, Oklahoma, US Army Air Defense Artillery Museum.
265:M3: 186 in (4,700 mm) L/53 (53 caliber)
2743:
2268:at the Coastal Defense Study Group, Inc. website
2159:(1st ed.). Novato, Calif.: Presidio Press.
2154:
1780:One seacoast on barbette, carriage Model T3, at
661:. Radar direction was common, starting with the
1975:The Ordnance Department: Procurement and Supply
1879:Weapons of comparable role, performance and era
1818:Historical Military Museum of Cartagena (Spain)
2072:British and American Artillery of World War II
2054:
684:
2307:
2190:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
713:mounted on the Tiger I, were inferior to the
693:. The test firing of the M3 took place on an
529:, the primary US anti-aircraft guns were the
2272:FortWiki, lists all CONUS and Canadian forts
2043:Armor-Piercing Ammunition for Gun, 90-mm, M3
414:M3 HE and AP: 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s)
235:M3: 2,260 lb (1,030 kg) (gun only)
2782:World War II artillery of the United States
2797:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s
2314:
2300:
2266:List of all US coastal forts and batteries
2150:
2148:
1832:One at Ft Miles Artillery Museum, Delaware
697:in early 1943. The M3 gun was used on the
632:
462:gun, playing a role similar to the German
1986:"Hearings, March 5-13, 1947 and appendix"
1762:, carriage Model T3, at Battery Parrott,
258:M1: 200 in (5,100 mm) L/55 (55
1899:: contemporary Italian anti-aircraft gun
1758:One seacoast M1 (No. 6931 Chevrolet) on
1735:U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection
1502:An M36 tank destroyer with the 90 mm gun
1497:
1461:
1428:
1387:
1304:
644:
636:
515:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
2767:Anti-aircraft guns of the United States
2278:"90mm M1A1 & M2 ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS"
2145:
1911:: contemporary Soviet anti-aircraft gun
1887:: contemporary German anti-aircraft gun
1356:
1156:High-velocity 90 mm gun T15 performance
14:
2744:
2187:
2126:
2124:
417:M3 APC: 2,670 ft/s (810 m/s)
2295:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1873:Seacoast defense in the United States
1534:
550:, while its larger cousin became the
2441:75 mm field gun M1897 on M2 carriage
2410:75 mm field gun M1897 on M2 carriage
2069:
442:M1A1: 43,500 ft (13,300 m)
434:M1A1: 62,474 ft (19,042 m)
229:M1A1: 19,000 lb (8,600 kg)
2772:Anti-tank guns of the United States
2219:. 11 September 1944. pp. 90–91
2121:
1940:FTA- Le canon US de 90mm antiaérien
1853:184th AAA Battalion (United States)
1309:An experimental 90 mm anti-tank gun
621:Like the German 88 and the British
400:10 rpm in the anti-aircraft variant
232:M2: 32,300 lb (14,700 kg)
24:
2112:
2057:WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery
2036:
2006:
1909:85 mm air defense gun M1939 (52-K)
1468:United States Army Ordnance Museum
1383:
1345:used the breech from the standard
25:
2808:
2249:
1797:Museum of the Great Patriotic War
1092:1,018 m/s (3,340 ft/s)
2033:, 076033112X (2008), pp. 118-122
1518:
729:(high-velocity, armor-piercing)
47:
2752:World War II anti-aircraft guns
2206:
2181:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2063:
1051:853 m/s (2,800 ft/s)
1010:853 m/s (2,800 ft/s)
969:853 m/s (2,800 ft/s)
928:808 m/s (2,650 ft/s)
887:808 m/s (2,650 ft/s)
846:823 m/s (2,700 ft/s)
802:823 m/s (2,700 ft/s)
283:M1A1: 10.1 ft (3.1 m)
275:M1A1: 13.6 ft (4.1 m)
245:M1A1: 29.6 ft (9.0 m)
2777:Tank guns of the United States
2059:. Overmatch Press. p. 63.
2048:
1992:
1978:
1969:
1944:
1933:
1922:
1408:in harbor defense commands in
737:
497:it was the main weapon of the
424:Maximum firing range
397:6 rpm in the anti-tank variant
165:
13:
1:
2188:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2004).
2115:M26/M46 Pershing Tank 1943–53
1929:CANON ANTIAÉRIEN M1A1 DE 90MM
1915:
1707:One AAA M1A3 (built 1954) at
1603:, Canada (private collection)
1596:, Canada (private collection)
721:main gun firing its standard
2726:12-inch coast defense mortar
2670:12-inch coast defense mortar
2434:Field, medium and heavy guns
1694:Sainte-Marie-du-Mont, Manche
1620:, National Guard Fairgrounds
1544:NTC, California, post museum
7:
2757:World War II anti-tank guns
2604:3-inch anti-aircraft gun M3
2481:155 mm gun M1/M2 "Long Tom"
1846:
1812:Pima Air & Space Museum
1729:National Electronics Museum
1424:
685:Main anti-tank developments
535:3-inch anti-aircraft gun M3
296:M2: 8 (1× gunner 7× loader)
293:M1: 8 (1× gunner 7× loader)
171:133,833 (M1,M2) (1940–1945)
10:
2813:
2261:M3 armor penetration table
1777:, Alaska, outside Bldg 600
1720:, Texas, Fort Bliss Museum
1688:Deming Luna Mimbres Museum
1671:Greenville, South Carolina
1511:M3 gun with single baffle
755:
520:
208:T15 later redesignated T54
29:
2708:
2622:
2576:
2535:
2504:
2433:
2392:
2331:
2155:Hunnicutt, R. P. (1984).
1632:Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
1608:Colwood, British Columbia
1446:Fixed on T3/M3 mount for
750:
747:
703:T26 (later, M26) Pershing
423:
406:
389:
379:
359:
349:
328:
307:
302:
287:
279:
271:
249:
241:
223:
218:
177:
164:
156:
151:
132:
107:
99:
94:
87:Place of origin
86:
61:
46:
39:
1677:Anderson, South Carolina
1577:Whycocomagh, Nova Scotia
1400:During World War II the
1007:Late M82 APC versus FHA
966:Late M82 APC versus RHA
533:(76.2 mm L/40) and
355:90 mm (3.5 in)
1885:8.8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41
1806:One 90 mm M2A1 at
1773:(formerly Shemya AFB),
1748:, National Guard Armory
1506:
1454:
1137:105 mm anti-tank gun T8
633:Anti-aircraft operation
484:surface-to-air missiles
452:90 mm gun M1/M2/M3
2762:World War II tank guns
2700:16-inch howitzer M1920
2142:, 9780891416937 (1999)
1503:
1470:
1434:
1397:
1310:
1201:Muzzle velocity (m/s)
650:
642:
454:was an American heavy
391:Rate of fire
2695:16-inch Marks 2 and 3
2568:8 inch howitzer M1/M2
2536:Other vehicle-mounted
2486:8 inch howitzer M1/M2
2466:155 mm howitzer M1918
2070:Hogg, Ian V. (2002).
1782:San Pedro, California
1771:Eareckson Air Station
1733:Two Anti/Tank T-8 at
1627:, Canada, Legion Hall
1601:Lemberg, Saskatchewan
1501:
1486:
1473:
1465:
1437:
1432:
1402:Coast Artillery Corps
1391:
1308:
648:
641:M7 gun director, 1944
640:
32:De Bange 90 mm cannon
2623:Coast artillery guns
2543:75 mm howitzer M2/M3
1658:Broadalbin, New York
1586:, Manitoba, Canada,
1433:90 mm guns M2, Korea
1357:Further developments
1133:M2A1 105 mm howitzer
679:M3 gun data computer
430:Maximum horizontal:
408:Muzzle velocity
1858:Fire-control system
1746:Reidsville, Georgia
1725:Linthicum, Maryland
1665:Roswell, New Mexico
1380:anti-tank vehicle.
1270:140 g explosive D.
925:M82 APC versus RHA
884:M82 APC versus FHA
744:
659:Kerrison predictors
2645:155 mm gun M1918MI
2577:Anti-aircraft guns
2558:155 mm gun M1917MI
2553:105 mm howitzer M2
2522:4.2 inch mortar M2
2496:240 mm howitzer M1
2476:155 mm gun M1918MI
2471:155 mm howitzer M1
2456:105 mm howitzer M3
2451:105 mm howitzer M2
2369:105 mm howitzer M4
2344:75 mm gun M2/M3/M6
2134:, Presidio Press,
2023:Tiger Tanks At War
1903:QF 3.7-inch AA gun
1684:Deming, New Mexico
1572:, Alberta, Canada.
1547:One, possibly M1,
1535:Surviving examples
1504:
1471:
1435:
1398:
1318:3rd Armor Division
1311:
1250:140g explosive D.
1048:T33 AP versus RHA
742:
719:KwK 43 L/71 8.8 cm
711:8.8 cm KwK 36 L/56
699:M36 tank destroyer
695:M10 tank destroyer
651:
643:
623:QF 3.7 inch AA gun
499:M36 tank destroyer
152:Production history
117:United States Army
18:90 mm Gun M1/M2/M3
2787:Coastal artillery
2739:
2738:
2709:Railway artillery
2690:16-inch gun M1919
2685:16-inch gun M1895
2680:14-inch gun M1907
2675:12-inch gun M1895
2665:10-inch gun M1895
2650:7"/45 caliber gun
2446:75 mm howitzer M1
1824:Kalmthoutse Heide
1791:Two AAA M1A1s in
1709:Raton, New Mexico
1618:Savannah, Georgia
1558:, Ontario, Canada
1448:coastal artillery
1303:
1302:
1207:Penetration (mm)
1129:
1128:
756:Penetration (mm)
619:
618:
448:
447:
438:Maximum ceiling:
373:M3: -10° to +23°
370:M2: -10° to +90°
367:M1: -10° to +90°
68:Anti-aircraft gun
16:(Redirected from
2804:
2721:8-inch gun M1888
2660:8-inch gun M1888
2640:6-inch gun M1903
2630:3-inch gun M1903
2599:3-inch gun M1918
2594:3-inch gun M1917
2316:
2309:
2302:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2218:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2152:
2143:
2130:Hunnicutt, R.P.
2128:
2119:
2118:
2113:Zaloga, Steven.
2110:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2025:, Zenith Press,
2021:Green, Michael,
2019:
2004:
2003:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1954:. Archived from
1948:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1926:
1897:Cannone da 90/53
1723:One AAA M1A1 at
1716:One AAA M1A1 at
1198:Ammunition type
1195:
1194:
745:
741:
569:
568:
531:3-inch M1918 gun
513:weapon with the
313:90 x 600-615mmR
167:
51:
42:
37:
36:
21:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2792:90 mm artillery
2742:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2704:
2618:
2572:
2548:75 mm gun M1897
2531:
2517:81 mm mortar M1
2512:60 mm mortar M2
2500:
2461:4.5 inch gun M1
2429:
2388:
2339:37 mm gun M5/M6
2327:
2326:of World War II
2320:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2252:
2233:
2232:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2186:
2182:
2167:
2153:
2146:
2129:
2122:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2082:
2068:
2064:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2020:
2007:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1961:
1959:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1881:
1849:
1625:Arundel, Quebec
1594:Shilo, Manitoba
1563:Labelle, Quebec
1537:
1521:
1509:
1493:90 mm L/53
1489:
1481:proximity fused
1476:
1457:
1440:
1427:
1406:three-inch guns
1386:
1384:Coast artillery
1359:
1244:T41 APCBC(M82)
1158:
752:
751:Muzzle velocity
748:Ammunition type
740:
687:
655:M9 gun director
635:
559:90 mm M1A1
523:
488:MIM-3 Nike Ajax
303:
214:
172:
100:In service
95:Service history
57:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2810:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
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2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
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2754:
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2718:
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2697:
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2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
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2533:
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2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
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2499:
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2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2393:Anti-tank guns
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2379:120 mm gun T53
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2322:United States
2319:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2258:
2251:
2250:External links
2248:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2205:
2198:
2180:
2165:
2144:
2120:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2080:
2062:
2047:
2035:
2005:
1991:
1977:
1968:
1943:
1932:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1888:
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1860:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1833:
1830:
1820:
1814:
1804:
1799:, supplied as
1789:
1786:Fort MacArthur
1778:
1767:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1731:
1721:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1690:
1680:
1673:
1667:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1637:One AAA M2 at
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1612:Fort Rodd Hill
1604:
1597:
1590:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
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881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
840:M77 AP versus
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
796:M77 AP versus
793:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
758:
757:
754:
749:
739:
736:
686:
683:
634:
631:
617:
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611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
592:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
563:Allis-Chalmers
522:
519:
446:
445:
444:
443:
440:
435:
432:
425:
421:
420:
419:
418:
415:
410:
404:
403:
402:
401:
398:
393:
387:
386:
383:
377:
376:
375:
374:
371:
368:
363:
357:
356:
353:
347:
346:
345:
344:
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338:
333:
326:
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305:
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284:
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266:
263:
254:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
230:
225:
221:
220:
219:Specifications
216:
215:
213:
212:
209:
206:
203:
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194:
191:
188:
185:
181:
179:
175:
174:
169:
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161:
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149:
148:
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146:
141:
134:
130:
129:
128:
127:
124:
121:
120:
119:
113:United States
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
82:
81:
75:
63:
59:
58:
53:A 90 mm M1 at
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2809:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2732:
2731:14-inch M1920
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2716:8-inch Mk. VI
2714:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2655:8-inch Mk. VI
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:155 mm gun M2
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:8-inch gun M1
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
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2432:
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2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2384:155 mm gun T7
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:105 mm gun T5
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2364:90 mm gun T15
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:3-inch gun M7
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2279:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2215:
2209:
2201:
2199:0-9748167-0-1
2195:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2166:0-89141-230-1
2162:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2116:
2109:
2100:
2091:
2083:
2081:1-85367-478-8
2077:
2073:
2066:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2031:9780760331125
2028:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2001:
1995:
1987:
1981:
1972:
1958:on 2020-09-16
1957:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1891:8.8 cm KwK 36
1889:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
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1859:
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1557:
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1546:
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1539:
1538:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1519:M3 ammunition
1516:
1514:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1422:
1419:
1418:40 mm AA guns
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1390:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1350:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1336:as well as a
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1307:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
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1239:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:PB (10yards)
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1179:(9.1 m).
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:angled at 60°
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1124:
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1118:
1115:
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1100:
1097:
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1087:
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1077:
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1021:
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1009:
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986:
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746:
735:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
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696:
692:
691:90 mm M3
682:
680:
677:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
647:
639:
630:
628:
627:90 mm M2
624:
615:
612:
609:
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603:
600:
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593:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
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564:
560:
555:
553:
552:120 mm M1 gun
549:
548:90 mm M1
543:
540:
536:
532:
528:
518:
516:
512:
511:coast defense
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:120 mm M1 gun
472:
469:
465:
464:8.8cm Flak 18
461:
457:
456:anti-aircraft
453:
441:
439:
436:
433:
431:
428:
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422:
416:
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282:
278:
274:
270:
264:
261:
257:
256:
255:
252:
248:
244:
240:
234:
231:
228:
227:
226:
222:
217:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
182:
180:
176:
170:
163:
159:
155:
150:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
135:
131:
125:
122:
118:
115:
114:
112:
111:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
90:United States
89:
85:
79:
76:
73:
72:anti-tank gun
69:
66:
65:
64:
60:
56:
50:
45:
38:
33:
19:
2634:
2608:
2527:Little David
2363:
2359:90 mm gun M3
2358:
2349:76 mm gun M1
2281:. Retrieved
2221:. Retrieved
2208:
2189:
2183:
2156:
2131:
2114:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2071:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2022:
1994:
1980:
1971:
1960:. Retrieved
1956:the original
1946:
1935:
1924:
1816:One M1A3 at
1751:One M1A3 at
1744:One M1A3 at
1513:muzzle brake
1510:
1492:
1490:
1477:
1458:
1399:
1378:M56 Scorpion
1371:
1360:
1351:
1343:
1315:
1312:
1221:2,000 yards
1220:
1215:1,000 yards
1214:
1208:
1204:H.E. filler
1188:
1182:
1175:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1149:muzzle brake
1141:
1130:
1089:T30E16 HVAP
690:
688:
652:
626:
620:
613:
558:
556:
547:
544:
527:World War II
524:
507:M56 Scorpion
503:M26 Pershing
492:
486:such as the
473:
451:
449:
437:
429:
253: length
173:6,648 (M1A1)
139:World War II
108:Used by
1868:Rangekeeper
1822:One at the
1810:, Arizona,
1803:during WWII
1764:Fort Monroe
1692:One AAA at
1682:One AAA at
1675:One AAA at
1669:One AAA at
1663:One AAA at
1656:One AAA at
1630:One AAA at
1606:One AAA at
1599:One AAA at
1592:One AAA at
1582:Two AAA at
1575:One AAA at
1568:One AAA at
1561:One AAA at
1554:One AAA at
1540:One AAA at
1394:Fort Monroe
1365:(and later
1330:Weser River
1290:Solid shot
1233:Solid shot
738:Performance
667:searchlight
595:Production
168: built
2746:Categories
2223:6 November
2140:0891416935
1962:2020-07-10
1916:References
1801:Lend-Lease
1795:, Russia,
1766:, Virginia
1741:, Georgia.
1739:Fort Moore
1718:Fort Bliss
1702:Utah Beach
1679:, VFW post
1610:, Canada,
1588:RCA Museum
1556:CFB Borden
1549:Travis AFB
1542:Fort Irwin
1466:M2 in the
1396:, Virginia
1374:M48 Patton
1367:M47 Patton
1264:T50 APCBC
1176:T41 APCBC:
701:, and the
144:Korean War
55:CFB Borden
2614:120 mm M1
2415:3 inch M5
2332:Tank guns
2324:artillery
2242:TM 9-1370
1639:Fort Sill
1584:CFB Shilo
1579:, Canada.
1347:105 mm M2
1338:Panzer IV
1284:T44 HVAP
1227:T43 APBC
1189:T50 APCBC
1183:T44 HVAP:
1165:T43 APBC:
1145:Jagdtiger
676:Bell Labs
525:Prior to
460:anti-tank
361:Elevation
103:1938–1960
41:90 mm M1
2635:90 mm M1
2609:90 mm M1
2589:40 mm M1
2584:37 mm M1
2425:105mm T8
2420:90 mm T8
2405:57 mm M1
2400:37 mm M3
2245:SNL D-28
2239:TM 9-370
2175:11043006
1847:See also
1760:barbette
1753:Campinas
1634:, Canada
1565:, Canada
1483:shells.
1425:Variants
1279:~180 mm
1276:~205 mm
791:3,000 m
788:2,500 m
785:2,000 m
782:1,750 m
779:1,500 m
776:1,250 m
773:1,000 m
731:tungsten
715:Tiger II
495:tank gun
480:Cold War
381:Traverse
178:Variants
157:Produced
78:Tank gun
74:(M1, M2)
2505:Mortars
2283:12 July
2002:. 1953.
1988:. 1947.
1828:Belgium
1623:One at
1616:One at
1570:Sangudo
1450:service
1326:Panther
1322:Tiger I
1299:241 mm
1296:302 mm
1293:373 mm
1273:235 mm
1259:175 mm
1256:190 mm
1253:216 mm
672:SCR-584
663:SCR-268
521:History
468:caliber
351:Caliber
260:caliber
211:T18–T21
2196:
2173:
2163:
2157:Patton
2138:
2078:
2029:
1841:France
1837:Toulon
1808:Tucson
1793:Moscow
1775:Shemya
1698:France
1334:Dessau
1287:1,143
770:750 m
767:500 m
764:250 m
761:100 m
590:Total
539:Soviet
332:weight
280:Height
251:Barrel
242:Length
160:1940 -
126:France
123:Canada
2217:(PDF)
1414:37 mm
1410:CONUS
753:(m/s)
723:APCBC
493:As a
330:Shell
309:Shell
272:Width
2285:2017
2225:2014
2194:ISBN
2171:OCLC
2161:ISBN
2136:ISBN
2076:ISBN
2027:ISBN
1507:M3A1
1455:M1A1
1267:975
1247:975
1230:975
1125:151
1122:171
1119:193
1116:205
1113:218
1110:232
1107:246
1104:262
1101:278
1098:295
1095:306
1084:128
1081:139
1078:150
1075:157
1072:164
1069:170
1066:178
1063:185
1060:193
1057:201
1054:206
1043:104
1040:115
1037:127
1034:133
1031:138
1028:144
1025:147
1022:151
1019:155
1016:159
1013:161
1002:116
999:123
996:132
993:136
990:140
987:144
984:151
981:157
978:164
975:168
972:169
958:104
955:114
952:119
949:125
946:131
943:137
940:143
937:150
934:156
931:164
920:107
917:115
914:123
911:127
908:131
905:135
902:140
899:144
896:147
893:150
890:151
870:105
867:115
864:125
861:137
858:150
855:163
852:179
849:188
823:102
820:112
817:122
814:134
811:146
808:159
805:168
727:HVAP
614:7831
604:4074
601:3286
587:1945
584:1944
581:1943
578:1942
575:1941
572:Year
501:and
458:and
450:The
385:360°
288:Crew
224:Mass
202:M3A1
190:M1A1
133:Wars
80:(M3)
62:Type
1416:or
1363:T42
1324:or
1219:0°
1213:0°
961:92
879:68
876:81
873:96
842:RHA
835:60
832:72
829:86
826:94
798:FHA
717:'s
707:APC
657:or
607:300
598:171
166:No.
2748::
2169:.
2147:^
2123:^
2008:^
1839:,
1826:,
1784:,
1737:,
1727:,
1700:,
1696:,
1686:,
1495:.
1487:M3
1474:M2
1438:M1
1139:.
554:.
490:.
205:T8
199:M3
196:T7
193:M2
187:M1
184:T2
70:,
2315:e
2308:t
2301:v
2287:.
2227:.
2202:.
2177:.
2117:.
2084:.
1965:.
1660:.
610:0
262:)
34:.
20:)
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