845:. The initial landing took place on the southern coast on 1 July, with the 18th and 21st Brigades conducting the assault while the 25th Brigade remained at sea in reserve. Following its initial success on the first day, the 21st Brigade began the advance east, capturing an airfield at Seppinggang and crossing the Batakan Ketjil river where they came up against a strong Japanese force on 3 July. Meanwhile, the 18th Brigade secured the high ground around Klandasan before capturing the town of Balikpapan on 3 July. They were then subsequently relieved by the 25th Brigade. On 4 July, the 21st Brigade, having overcome the Japanese resistance that it had encountered the previous day, resumed their advance to the east. They were subsequently engaged by Japanese coastal defence artillery near the Manggar Besar river; they were unable to overcome this until 9 July. The 21st then captured Sambodja, 18 miles (29 km) from Manggar, before sending out patrols in support of the 25th Brigade.
503:
369:
818:
67:
852:. Coming up against a well-entrenched Japanese rear guard, the advance slowed as the position was reduced with artillery and air support, as the brigade began to encircle the position. Before this could be completed, however, the Japanese were able to withdraw from the position on the night of 21/22 July. This brought an end to the main combat operations, although the Australians continued patrol operations and minor clashes continued until the war ended in August. The campaign had cost the 7th Division 185 killed and 470 wounded.
617:
899:
31:
711:
763:. On 4 January 1944, the 18th Brigade relieved the 21st. By February, following an attack on Crater Hill, the main Japanese positions had been captured and shortly afterwards, elements of the 7th Division began to return to Australia. The 25th Brigade departed throughout January and February, and the 21st followed in February and March. The 18th Brigade remained in New Guinea until May, although they were replaced around Shaggy Ridge in February by the
1306:
883:
205:
680:
Australian
Division Cavalry Regiment was awarded an immediate Military Medal for having throughout the day and night shown qualities of courage and leadership which were an inspiration to his men. Between December 1942 and March 1943, the division was withdrawn back to Australia where, in early 1943, they were converted to the
353:. The main assault was undertaken by the 2/9th Battalion on 21 March, although a company from the 2/10th and machine-gunners from the 2/12th provided support. For the loss of 15 killed and 71 wounded, the Australians captured the fortress along with 36 artillery pieces. In April, the 18th Brigade moved from
2198:
758:
was turned back on 12 October. In
November, as the Australians approached the Japanese positions around Shaggy Ridge, the 25th Brigade took over from the 21st as the division's main effort. For the following month the division confined itself to patrolling operations only. In early December, the 21st
251:
forming the third brigade. The division is sometimes known by the nickname "The Silent
Seventh", due to a perception that its achievements were unrecognised, in comparison to the other Australian divisions. The origin of this belief appears to be censorship of the part played by the 7th Division in
679:
in late 1942, in which
Australian and US forces suffered very high casualties, while capturing the main Japanese beachheads on the north coast of Papua. The 7th Division lost 750 men killed in this fighting and another 1,293 wounded. On 19 December 1942 QX5730 Sergeant Lionel Martindale Oxlade 2/7
870:
The 7th
Division was finally disbanded in 1946. This was done in stages, with the divisional headquarters disbanding in January–February, and the division's component units disbanding between December 1945 and March 1946. A total of 2,063 men from the division were killed during the war, while a
416:
and Fort Khiam and its adjacent village, were re-occupied by the
Australians. By 30 June the Australians had recaptured the initiative and the 7th Division handed over the central sector to the British. Following this, the division concentrated around Jezzine before advancing towards
475:, it was decided that the 6th and 7th Divisions were needed to defend Australia. In early January 1942, the division moved from Syria, where they had been undertaking garrison duties, to Palestine. On 30 January elements of the division embarked upon transport ships, including the
328:
which was still forming in
Australia. This enabled the division to undertake training together prior to embarking for the Middle East in October 1940. In February 1941 further changes in the division's composition occurred. The 20th and 26th Brigades were transferred to the
2214:
742:, starting on 5 October, the 21st and 25th Brigades began the advance up with the 21st Brigade moving along the Faria River, aiming towards the Kankiryo Saddle, while the 25th Brigade advanced through the Ramu valley. The Japanese positions on Kankiryo and around
412:. Both brigades advanced in two columns. The initial phase of the attack came to an end on 15 June when the Vichy French launched a counterattack, striking at Merdjayoun and recapturing it and Fort Khiam. On 21 June, the 2/25th Battalion entered
749:
Throughout
October a number of battles were fought. On 8–10 October, the 2/27th captured the high ground around Beveridge's Post, Trevor's Ridge and Pallier's Hill. On 11 October, a single platoon from the 2/14th Battalion destroyed a Japanese
759:
Brigade took over from the 25th, and throughout late
December 1943 and into January 1944 heavy fighting took place with attacks on the two Prothero features, Shaggy Ridge, Green Sniper's Pimple and the Kankiryo Saddle during the
2521:
655:
in mid
September. Having been successfully delayed, the Japanese supply lines were now over extended and in October the 25th Brigade took part in the hard-fought advance that finally pushed the Japanese out of the
534:, and fought alongside Dutch forces there, but were soon overwhelmed. Of these men, four were killed, while 206 became prisoners of war. The bulk of the division went straight to Australia, however, arriving in
2307:
2808:
786:
In early 1944, the 7th Division returned to Australia in stages and, following a six-week period of leave, it toured the country conducting welcome home marches in a number of state capitals including
730:
Following the fall of Lae, in late September 1943 the 7th Division was ordered to establish itself around Dumpu and Marawasa to guard the approaches to Lae and begin patrolling operations into the
2516:
2798:
316:, which was then based in the United Kingdom where they were undertaking garrison duties to defend against a possible invasion of that country by the Germans following the
856:
855:
Following the end of hostilities, the division remained in Borneo undertaking a variety of tasks including guarding Japanese prisoners and restoring law and order. As the
2511:
2788:
2278:
661:
621:
613:, from the 2/9th Battalion, was awarded a posthumous VC for his actions on 4 September 1942. The division's casualties at Milne Bay were 126 killed and 182 wounded.
2314:
640:
388:
land forces in the Middle East in June and July. Starting on 8 June, the division advanced along two main axes: the 21st Brigade moving along the coast road from
488:
746:
threatened the security of the airfields that had been established around Dumpu and, as a result, the decision was made for the 7th Division to capture them.
859:
began, members of the division were slowly repatriated to Australia or transferred to other units for further service. Some personnel were used to form the
794:. In April, the division began to re-form in north Queensland, where it undertook a long period of training in preparation for future operations, including
43:(centre), commander of the 7th Division, with Lt Col. Murray Moten (centre right), commander of the 2/27th Infantry Battalion and his men. (Photographer:
2228:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. IV (1st ed.). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian War Memorial.
687:
During 1943–1944, the whole 7th Division fought extensive and often bloody operations against Japanese forces in the north east of New Guinea. After the
802:
in late 1944, but this did not eventuate. Finally, in May 1945, the division received orders to deploy overseas again and by 19 June they arrived on
798:
training and brigade-level and division-level manoeuvres. Future operations were perceived to involve a possible commitment to the fighting in the
546:. There they undertook defensive duties and training in light of the perceived threat of Japanese invasion. In April, the division was assigned to
755:
491:. Spread across five convoys, the division's return was staggered. At this time, the British government requested that the division be sent to
455:, received the decoration for his exploits in June at Merdjayoun and in early July in the Damour area where he was seriously wounded. Corporal
734:. Limited by a supply line that depended entirely upon air support, the division could only deploy two brigades, the 21st and 25th. After the
2649:
463:, was the second recipient of the campaign. The division's casualties in Syria and Lebanon included 305 killed, 796 wounded and 90 captured.
285:. Approval for the formation of the new division was granted on 28 February 1940 and on 4 April its first commanding officer, Major General
2803:
2658:
2474:
1118:
639:, was awarded a posthumous VC for his actions on 29 August. The Australians withdrew from Isurava, taking part in further actions around
2783:
2506:
644:
2793:
2585:
2077:
Hold Hard, Cobbers: The Story of the 57th and 60th and 57/60th Australian Army Infantry Battalions, 1912–1990. Volume II (1930–1990)
627:
Meanwhile, the Kokoda Track campaign had become a vicious, see-sawing battle, featuring fierce fighting around Kokoda itself and at
2778:
2614:
860:
2479:
2300:
1106:
1100:
826:
672:
on 13 November. During the fighting around the Kokoda Track, 359 men from the division were killed and another 560 were wounded.
519:
2569:
2561:
2484:
2577:
2287:
2208:
2144:
2122:
2065:
864:
602:
2469:
1311:
1090:
2275:
2200:
The Foundations of Victory: The Pacific War 1943–1944. Proceedings of the 2003 Chief of Army's Military History Conference
1112:
735:
523:
365:, from May to August 1941. In the actions around Tobruk, the division suffered 135 killed, 507 wounded and 29 captured.
312:
and the other two were formed in Australia. In June 1940, however, the 19th Brigade was replaced in the division by the
2501:
2757:
2719:
2714:
2642:
2253:
2163:
2103:
2084:
2046:
1175:
1168:
830:
2729:
2606:
2601:
1158:
1085:
1080:
1075:
452:
236:
82:
597:
planes and ground staff, and a US engineer regiment, they successfully defended an airfield at the eastern tip of
941:
935:
514:. An upward-firing machine gun is fitted to the tank, to clear treetops of snipers. (Photographer: George Silk).
1854:
894:. (Left to right) "Skinny" McQueen, Ron Lord, Eric Willey and Alan F Hackett. (Photographer: Colin Halmarick.)
2635:
2533:
1062:
1056:
1050:
1032:
1026:
1017:
1004:
998:
992:
971:
965:
891:
636:
598:
460:
432:
came into effect and the division was employed on garrison duties along the coastal zone, headquartered in
324:. This was short lived, however, for the following month the division lost the 18th Brigade and gained the
959:
838:
2270:
929:
731:
594:
571:
496:
393:
502:
2704:
2699:
2338:
2132:
924:
871:
further 4,356 were wounded. Approximately 40,000 men served with the division between 1940 and 1946.
665:
413:
902:
Members of "C" Company, 2/9th Infantry Battalion digging into a newly occupied part of Shaggy Ridge.
368:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2709:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2457:
2446:
2039:
On Shaggy Ridge—The Australian Seventh Division in the Ramu Valley: From Kaiapit to the Finisterres
1040:
1012:
982:
949:
920:
916:
787:
768:
764:
476:
409:
334:
330:
325:
321:
313:
305:
301:
297:
257:
248:
2666:
2489:
2384:
1162:
1044:
986:
953:
775:
751:
714:
Troops of the 2/16th Infantry Battalion watch aircraft bombing Japanese positions prior to their
676:
590:
567:
422:
261:
2365:
834:
760:
551:
526:, and the 2/6th Field Company, as well as some transport and medic personnel, on the transport
377:
253:
163:
153:
754:
at Pallier's Hill before a counterattack by 500 Japanese troops on the 2/27th's positions on
610:
575:
2627:
774:
As a show of gratitude to the assistance provided by locals, a memorial school was built at
436:. The 18th Brigade rejoined the division in September, taking up defensive positions around
2538:
2173:
1290:
1021:
715:
684:
establishment, which saw a reduction in the division's manpower by around 4,000 personnel.
456:
405:
8:
2543:
2405:
1276:
652:
648:
606:
555:
547:
511:
448:
278:
224:
182:
158:
120:
92:
40:
2434:
2413:
1261:
795:
657:
346:
309:
848:
The 25th Brigade advanced along the Milford Highway, moving to the north-east towards
2397:
2389:
2354:
2249:
2229:
2204:
2181:
2159:
2140:
2118:
2099:
2080:
2061:
2042:
1283:
739:
688:
628:
350:
198:
186:
143:
558:
worsened, the decision was made to deploy the 7th Division. The 21st Brigade, under
817:
700:
433:
418:
2223:
616:
2346:
2292:
2282:
2034:
681:
632:
539:
362:
239:(2nd AIF). The division was raised on the British establishment of nine infantry
228:
148:
2241:
811:
803:
696:
582:
472:
444:
317:
2203:. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Army History Unit. pp. 86–101.
2772:
2156:
The Silent 7th: An Illustrated History of the 7th Australian Division 1940–46
1912:
1269:
704:
609:, and was the first outright defeat of Japanese land forces in World War II.
389:
286:
898:
2593:
2233:
2194:
2193:
Palazzo, Albert (2004). "Organising for Jungle Warfare". In Dennis, Peter;
2185:
887:
842:
743:
719:
669:
563:
559:
385:
282:
232:
138:
44:
30:
863:, which was formed to undertake occupation duties in Japan as part of the
518:
Nevertheless, elements of the division, consisting mainly of men from the
1209:
2/8th Army Field Company, RAE, Victoria (Transferred to the 6th Division)
799:
710:
692:
507:
440:, to defend against a possible invasion by German forces through Turkey.
400:, while the 25th Brigade advanced 31 miles (50 km) to the east from
381:
886:
Members of "B" Company, 2/12th Battalion, who helped silence a Japanese
723:
543:
542:
where personnel were given a brief period of leave before moving on to
354:
1128:
2/4th Field Company, Royal Australian Engineers (RAE), New South Wales
510:
of the 2/6th Armoured Regiment, shell Japanese pillboxes in the final
2098:. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military History Publications.
849:
791:
586:
429:
240:
72:
2115:
Australia's war with France: the campaign in Syria and Lebanon, 1941
882:
2809:
Military units and formations of the British Empire in World War II
975:
767:, a Victorian Militia formation transferred from command under the
566:, from where they would advance to help reinforce the units of the
535:
376:
Meanwhile, the rest of the 7th Division formed the backbone of the
290:
221:
102:
660:. During this stage of the fighting, actions were fought again at
538:
in mid-March 1942. The following month, the division was moved to
204:
2517:
89th (Cinque Ports) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
581:
Simultaneously, the 18th Brigade, under the command of Brigadier
345:
On arrival in the Middle East the division undertook training in
293:
260:
were the only divisions to serve in both the Middle East and the
244:
36:
707:
simultaneous with the 9th Division, which fell on 16 September.
506:
Giropa Point, Papua. Members of the 2/12th Battalion advance as
289:, was appointed. Upon formation the division consisted of three
2323:
807:
437:
401:
358:
2657:
2096:
Never Late: The 2/9th Australian Infantry Battalion 1939–1945
2079:. Glenhuntly, Victoria: 57/60th Battalion (AIF) Association.
1147:
492:
397:
361:, where they later played a successful defensive role in the
1857:. Rotary Club of Lae Huon Gulf, Papua New Guinea. 5 May 2013
421:. Once this was captured, the division continued on towards
2512:
51st (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
2288:
Australian Formations, Middle East @ BritishMilitaryHistory
531:
484:
443:
During the campaign, two 7th Division personnel earned the
264:. It was disbanded in 1946, following the end of the war.
471:
In December 1941, as Japanese forces advanced rapidly in
372:
Members of the 2/25th Battalion in Beirut, September 1941
778:
by the Australian 7th Division AIF Association in 1964.
281:
raised as part of the 2nd AIF following the outbreak of
699:
between 7 and 12 September. Beginning at Nadzab, where
2041:. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press.
1076:
2/4th Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery (RAA)
499:, but the Australian government declined the request.
2799:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1946
1301:
1215:
2/3rd Corps Field Park Company, RAE, South Australia
1053:, Queensland (from 24th Brigade, 9th Division, 1940)
2496:
Artillery: (some original units, some replacements)
879:The 7th Division consisted of the following units:
825:In July 1945, the whole division, supported by the
691:, west of Lae, divisional troops were flown to the
333:and in exchange the division received the 18th and
2522:13th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
2322:
2158:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
2060:. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin.
487:to begin the journey back to Australia as part of
2789:Military units and formations established in 1940
651:before the Australians made their final stand on
2770:
2180:. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications.
2117:. Newport, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing.
1212:2/9th Army Field Company, RAE, Tasmania/Victoria
1174:2/13th Army Field Regiment, RAA (converted from
1137:2/2nd Field Park Company, RAE, Western Australia
806:, where they began to prepare for operations in
574:, which were fighting a rearguard action on the
2248:. Ringwood, Victoria: Penguin Books Australia.
771:and brought under the 7th Division in January.
340:
247:and three of the original 12 battalions of the
2058:A Bastard of a Place: The Australians in Papua
349:and Egypt before the 18th Brigade was sent to
2643:
2308:
2015:
2013:
1777:
1775:
1747:
1745:
1588:
1586:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
620:25Bn of 7Div plaque, at the railway station,
231:. It was formed in February 1940 to serve in
1352:
1350:
2475:Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1726:
1724:
2650:
2636:
2507:4th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (United Kingdom)
2315:
2301:
2010:
1772:
1742:
1583:
1538:
1395:
256:. The 7th Division along with the 6th and
2659:Australian Army Divisions in World War II
1347:
1206:2/7th Army Field Company, RAE, Queensland
1134:2/6th Field Company, RAE, New South Wales
1131:2/5th Field Company, RAE, New South Wales
909:(with state of origin, where applicable)
821:Members of the 7th Division at Balikpapan
2615:90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
2153:
2131:
2074:
1958:
1855:"7th Infantry Division Returns to Situm"
1721:
1368:
897:
881:
816:
709:
615:
501:
367:
2480:70th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
2271:Australian 7th Division Vehicle Marking
2221:
2192:
2093:
2033:
1220:Base and Lines of Communications Units
1195:2/3rd Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, RAA
1192:2/2nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, RAA
942:58th/59th Australian Infantry Battalion
936:57th/60th Australian Infantry Battalion
605:. The fighting came to be known as the
351:capture an Italian position at Giarabub
2771:
2485:16th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
2240:
1107:2/3rd Australian Machine-Gun Battalion
1101:2/2nd Australian Machine-Gun Battalion
647:. The 25th Brigade joined the 21st at
243:per division and consisted of two new
2631:
2296:
2172:
2139:. Botley, Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
2112:
2055:
1445:Wilmot 1993, pp. 88, 150–151 and 280.
1232:3rd Railway Construction Company, RAE
1229:2nd Railway Construction Company, RAE
1226:1st Railway Construction Company, RAE
1186:1st Australian Anti-Aircraft Brigade
865:British Commonwealth Occupation Force
603:Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces
384:and Czechoslovakian forces defeating
2470:Czechoslovak 11th Infantry Battalion
1312:Military history of Australia portal
1150:level units attached to the division
1063:2/33rd Australian Infantry Battalion
1057:2/31st Australian Infantry Battalion
1051:2/25th Australian Infantry Battalion
1033:2/27th Australian Infantry Battalion
1027:2/16th Australian Infantry Battalion
1018:2/14th Australian Infantry Battalion
1005:2/17th Australian Infantry Battalion
999:2/15th Australian Infantry Battalion
993:2/13th Australian Infantry Battalion
972:2/12th Australian Infantry Battalion
966:2/10th Australian Infantry Battalion
378:Allied invasion of Lebanon and Syria
2804:1946 disestablishments in Australia
2137:The Australian Army in World War II
960:2/9th Australian Infantry Battalion
668:before the Australians reached the
308:. Of these, the 19th was formed in
13:
2586:101st Motorized Division "Trieste"
2502:1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery
1113:2/2nd Australian Pioneer Battalion
930:24th Australian Infantry Battalion
675:The 21st Brigade returned for the
14:
2820:
2784:Australian World War II divisions
2264:
1917:Second World War units, 1939–1945
1272:, February 1941 – June 1941;
1260:The following officers served as
1189:2/1st Anti-Aircraft Regiment, RAA
554:. In August, as the situation in
2794:1940 establishments in Australia
2607:21st Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
2602:15th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
1304:
1286:, October 1942 – July 1944;
1279:, June 1941 – October 1942;
1041:25th Australian Infantry Brigade
1013:21st Australian Infantry Brigade
983:20th Australian Infantry Brigade
950:18th Australian Infantry Brigade
917:15th Australian Infantry Brigade
839:amphibious assault on Balikpapan
277:The 7th Division was the second
252:the fierce fighting in the 1941
237:Second Australian Imperial Force
203:
83:Second Australian Imperial Force
65:
29:
2779:Infantry divisions of Australia
2570:55th Infantry Division "Savona"
2562:132nd Armored Division "Ariete"
2001:
1992:
1983:
1974:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1784:
1763:
1754:
1733:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1604:
1595:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1547:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1293:, July 1944 – August 1945.
1235:1st Railway Survey Company, RAE
1169:2/11th Army Field Regiment, RAA
756:John's Knoll and Trevor's Ridge
703:earned a VC, they successfully
2578:61st Infantry Division "Sirte"
1386:
1377:
1359:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1159:2/9th Army Field Regiment, RAA
1140:7th Aust Division Salvage Unit
39:. 2 September 1941. Maj. Gen.
1:
2610:Originally 5th Light Division
2393:(December 1940-February 1941)
2378:Allied campaigns and offences
2026:
1913:"2/1st Machine Gun Battalion"
1454:Johnston 2005, pp. 47 and 55.
1255:
1091:2/2nd Anti-Tank Regiment, RAA
892:Battle of Prothero I & II
495:to help stem the tide of the
466:
16:WW2 Australian Army formation
2534:Eighth Army (United Kingdom)
2276:Unit Colour Patches May 1941
874:
341:North Africa and Middle East
272:
7:
1980:Johnston 2005, pp. 242–243.
1875:Johnston 2005, pp. 207–208.
1247:3rd Forestry Companies, RAE
1244:2nd Forestry Companies, RAE
1241:1st Forestry Companies, RAE
1119:7th Aust Divisional Cavalry
827:2/1st Machine Gun Battalion
689:airborne landings at Nadzab
520:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion
497:Japanese advance on Rangoon
10:
2825:
2178:South West Pacific 1941–45
1181:2/1st Survey Regiment, RAA
595:Royal Australian Air Force
267:
2730:Australian Imperial Force
2728:
2665:
2554:
2427:
2377:
2339:British capture of Tobruk
2331:
1919:. Australian War Memorial
1655:Johnston 2005, pp. 91–92.
1562:Johnston 2005, pp. 80–81.
1481:Johnston 2005, pp. 63–64.
1176:2/1st Medium Regiment RAA
1171:(originally 8th Division)
1086:2/6th Field Regiment, RAA
1081:2/5th Field Regiment, RAA
781:
425:, which fell on 12 July.
197:
192:
176:
171:
134:
126:
116:
108:
98:
88:
78:
60:
52:
28:
23:
2458:3rd Indian Motor Brigade
2453:7th Division (Australia)
2447:9th Division (Australia)
2417:(November-December 1941)
2222:Wigmore, Lionel (1957).
2094:Dickens, Gordon (2005).
2075:Corfield, Robin (1991).
1297:
925:Markham and Ramu valleys
923:, January to July 1944,
701:Private Richard Kelliher
601:from a major assault by
380:; with British, Indian,
258:9th Australian Divisions
2490:4th Royal Tank Regiment
2385:Western Desert campaign
2326:in the Second World War
2281:23 October 2012 at the
2154:Johnston, Mark (2005).
2113:James, Richard (2017).
1383:Johnston 2005, pp. 2–3.
1203:General engineer units
1200:Corps Troops Engineers
1155:Corps Troops Artillery
790:, Adelaide, Sydney and
736:2/6th Commando Squadron
622:Caboolture, Queensland.
593:(a Militia formation),
524:2/2nd Pioneer Battalion
262:South West Pacific Area
2366:Axis capture of Tobruk
2332:Fighting around Tobruk
2056:Brune, Peter (2004) .
2007:Johnston 2005, p. 251.
1998:Johnston 2005, p. 243.
1989:Johnston 2005, p. 242.
1902:Johnston 2005, p. 214.
1893:Johnston 2005, p. 212.
1884:Johnston 2005, p. 211.
1790:Johnston 2005, p. 184.
1760:Johnston 2005, p. 183.
1739:Johnston 2005, p. 181.
1718:Johnston 2005, p. 174.
1709:Johnston 2005, p. 172.
1682:Johnston 2005, p. 162.
1673:Johnston 2005, p. 119.
1664:Johnston 2005, p. 102.
1418:Johnston 2005, p. 250.
1326:Dickens 2005, p. xiii.
903:
895:
857:demobilisation process
833:, was deployed in the
822:
761:Battle of Shaggy Ridge
727:
716:attack on "The Pimple"
624:
560:Brigadier Arnold Potts
515:
373:
254:Syria-Lebanon campaign
154:Syria-Lebanon campaign
2758:1st Armoured Division
2720:3rd Armoured Division
2715:2nd Armoured Division
2428:Allied units involved
2350:(April-November 1941)
2019:Johnston 2007, p. 43.
1937:Johnston 2007, p. 46.
1826:Bradley 2004, p. 241.
1781:Johnston 2007, p. 29.
1751:Dickens 2005, p. 264.
1610:Johnston 2005, p. 84.
1601:Johnston 2005, p. 83.
1592:Johnston 2005, p. 82.
1580:Johnston 2005, p. 81.
1571:Wigmore 1957, p. 457.
1544:Johnston 2005, p. 79.
1535:Johnston 2005, p. 77.
1526:Johnston 2005, p. 72.
1517:Johnston 2005, p. 69.
1508:Johnston 2005, p. 75.
1499:Johnston 2005, p. 71.
1490:Johnston 2005, p. 66.
1472:Johnston 2005, p. 61.
1463:Johnston 2005, p. 56.
1427:Johnston 2005, p. 24.
1392:Johnston 2005, p. 22.
1335:Dickens 2005, p. 367.
1264:of the 7th Division:
907:Main divisional units
901:
885:
831:1st Armoured Regiment
820:
713:
619:
505:
371:
2539:Tobruk Ferry Service
1844:Corfield 1991, p.103
1769:Bradley 2004, p. 72.
1700:Palazzo 2004, p. 91.
1691:Palazzo 2004, p. 89.
1374:Johnston 2005, p. 2.
1365:Johnston 2005, p. 1.
1277:Arthur "Tubby" Allen
1103:(until January 1942)
1072:Artillery regiments
837:, and undertook the
662:Templeton's Crossing
641:Templeton's Crossing
611:Corporal John French
562:, was dispatched to
489:Operation Stepsister
453:2/5th Field Regiment
183:Arthur "Tubby" Allen
130:"The Silent Seventh"
2555:Axis units involved
2544:Scrap Iron Flotilla
2464:Replacement units:
2406:Operation Battleaxe
2225:The Japanese Thrust
1971:Keogh 1965, p. 463.
1955:Keogh 1965, p. 462.
1946:Keogh 1965, p. 461.
1835:Keogh 1965, p. 359.
1817:Keogh 1965, p. 353.
1808:Keogh 1965, p. 348.
1799:Keogh 1965, p. 346.
1730:Keogh 1965, p. 345.
1646:Brune 2004, p. 392.
1637:Brune 2004, p. 277.
1628:Brune 2004, p. 273.
1619:Brune 2004, p. 279.
1553:Keogh 1965, p. 130.
1436:Wilmot 1993, p. 80.
1029:, Western Australia
677:Battle of Buna–Gona
607:Battle of Milne Bay
449:Arthur Roden Cutler
396:and moving towards
159:New Guinea campaign
41:A. S. "Tubby" Allen
2435:The Rats of Tobruk
2414:Operation Crusader
1344:Brune 2004, p. 48.
1262:commanding officer
904:
896:
829:and the Militia's
823:
796:amphibious assault
728:
658:Owen Stanley Range
625:
516:
374:
2766:
2765:
2625:
2624:
2611:
2598:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2398:Operation Brevity
2394:
2390:Operation Compass
2370:
2360:
2355:Twin Pimples raid
2351:
2343:
2210:978-0-646-43590-9
2146:978-1-84603-123-6
2124:978-1-925520-92-7
2067:978-1-74114-403-1
1284:George Alan Vasey
1238:HQ Forestry Group
1065:, New South Wales
1035:, South Australia
1007:, New South Wales
995:, New South Wales
968:, South Australia
732:Finisterre Ranges
682:Jungle Divisional
589:. Along with the
530:were diverted to
235:, as part of the
211:
210:
199:Unit colour patch
187:George Alan Vasey
144:Siege of Giarabub
2816:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2609:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2441:Original units:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2368:
2358:
2349:
2341:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2294:
2293:
2259:
2237:
2218:
2217:on 9 March 2016.
2213:. Archived from
2189:
2169:
2150:
2128:
2109:
2090:
2071:
2052:
2035:Bradley, Phillip
2020:
2017:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1770:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1223:HQ Railway Group
1178:, October 1940.)
637:2/14th Battalion
570:, including the
461:2/31st Battalion
207:
71:
69:
68:
33:
21:
20:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2724:
2661:
2656:
2626:
2621:
2550:
2423:
2373:
2347:Siege of Tobruk
2327:
2321:
2283:Wayback Machine
2267:
2262:
2256:
2242:Wilmot, Chester
2211:
2166:
2147:
2125:
2106:
2087:
2068:
2049:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1258:
913:Infantry units
877:
835:Borneo campaign
784:
705:advanced to Lae
633:Bruce Kingsbury
540:New South Wales
512:assault on Buna
469:
428:In mid-July an
392:, crossing the
363:Siege of Tobruk
343:
320:as part of the
275:
270:
229:Australian Army
214:
185:
178:
164:Borneo campaign
149:Siege of Tobruk
66:
64:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2822:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2604:
2591:
2583:
2575:
2567:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2536:
2528:Outside units:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2344:
2342:(January 1941)
2335:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2273:
2266:
2265:External links
2263:
2261:
2260:
2254:
2238:
2219:
2209:
2190:
2174:Keogh, Eustace
2170:
2164:
2151:
2145:
2133:Johnston, Mark
2129:
2123:
2110:
2104:
2091:
2085:
2072:
2066:
2053:
2047:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1783:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1741:
1732:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1684:
1675:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1621:
1612:
1603:
1594:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1291:Edward Milford
1289:Major General
1287:
1282:Major General
1280:
1275:Major General
1273:
1268:Major General
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1002:
996:
980:
979:
978:
969:
963:
947:
946:
945:
939:
933:
876:
873:
861:65th Battalion
812:Operation Oboe
804:Morotai Island
783:
780:
697:Markham Valley
631:where Private
583:George Wootten
572:39th Battalion
473:Southeast Asia
468:
465:
445:Victoria Cross
342:
339:
318:Fall of France
274:
271:
269:
266:
212:
209:
208:
201:
195:
194:
190:
189:
180:
174:
173:
169:
168:
167:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
62:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2821:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2710:12th Division
2708:
2706:
2705:11th Division
2703:
2701:
2700:10th Division
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2648:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2616:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2415:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2367:
2364:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2257:
2255:0-14-017584-9
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2195:Grey, Jeffrey
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2165:1-74114-191-5
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2105:1-876439-47-5
2101:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2086:0-646-04099-5
2082:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2048:0-19-555100-1
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2016:
2014:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1977:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1872:
1856:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1766:
1757:
1748:
1746:
1736:
1727:
1725:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1302:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1270:John Lavarack
1267:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1043: – from
1042:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
990:
988:
984:
981:
977:
974:, Queensland/
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
957:
955:
952: – from
951:
948:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
927:
926:
922:
919: – from
918:
915:
914:
912:
911:
910:
908:
900:
893:
889:
884:
880:
872:
868:
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
819:
815:
813:
810:, as part of
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
779:
777:
772:
770:
766:
762:
757:
753:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
725:
721:
717:
712:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
678:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
623:
618:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
513:
509:
504:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481: (AP-22)
480:
474:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
447:. Lieutenant
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
370:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
338:
336:
335:25th Brigades
332:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
292:
288:
287:John Lavarack
284:
280:
265:
263:
259:
255:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
223:
219:
213:Military unit
206:
202:
200:
196:
191:
188:
184:
181:
175:
170:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
141:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2753:9th Division
2748:8th Division
2743:7th Division
2742:
2738:6th Division
2695:5th Division
2690:4th Division
2685:3rd Division
2680:2nd Division
2675:1st Division
2594:Afrika Korps
2527:
2526:
2495:
2494:
2463:
2462:
2452:
2440:
2439:
2245:
2224:
2215:the original
2199:
2177:
2155:
2136:
2114:
2095:
2076:
2057:
2038:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1804:
1795:
1786:
1765:
1756:
1735:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1576:
1567:
1558:
1549:
1540:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1259:
1163:8th Division
1161:(originally
1146:
1145:
1097:Other units
1059:, Queensland
1045:9th Division
1001:, Queensland
987:9th Division
962:, Queensland
954:6th Division
921:3rd Division
906:
905:
888:mountain gun
878:
869:
854:
847:
843:Dutch Borneo
824:
785:
773:
769:3rd Division
765:15th Brigade
748:
744:Shaggy Ridge
729:
720:Shaggy Ridge
686:
674:
670:Kumusi River
626:
585:was sent to
580:
576:Kokoda Track
564:Port Moresby
527:
517:
508:Stuart tanks
479:Mount Vernon
478:
470:
442:
427:
386:Vichy French
375:
344:
331:9th Division
326:26th Brigade
322:6th Division
314:18th Brigade
283:World War II
276:
249:6th Division
233:World War II
218:7th Division
217:
215:
139:World War II
117:Part of
45:Frank Hurley
24:7th Division
18:
2449:(main unit)
2409:(June 1941)
2369:(June 1942)
2359:(July 1941)
2246:Tobruk 1941
985: – to
890:during the
800:Philippines
693:Ramu Valley
666:Oivi–Gorari
653:Imita Ridge
635:, from the
591:7th Brigade
406:Merdajayoun
382:Free French
135:Engagements
127:Nickname(s)
112:~17,000 men
2773:Categories
2401:(May 1941)
2027:References
1861:7 February
1356:James 2017
1256:Commanders
1125:Engineers
1115:, Victoria
1109:(mid-1941)
944:, Victoria
938:, Victoria
932:, Victoria
724:New Guinea
556:New Guinea
552:First Army
544:Queensland
467:New Guinea
457:Jim Gordon
355:Alexandria
241:battalions
179:commanders
172:Commanders
2597:(Germany)
2244:(1993) .
989:in 1941.
956:in 1941.
875:Structure
850:Samarinda
792:Melbourne
738:captured
649:Ioribaiwa
587:Milne Bay
477:USS
459:, of the
451:, of the
430:armistice
347:Palestine
310:Palestine
273:Formation
73:Australia
56:1940–1946
35:Hammana,
2279:Archived
2197:(eds.).
2176:(1965).
2135:(2007).
2037:(2004).
1923:13 April
1047:, 1941.
1022:Victoria
976:Tasmania
536:Adelaide
414:Damascus
404:towards
294:brigades
291:infantry
279:division
245:brigades
225:division
222:infantry
193:Insignia
103:Infantry
93:Division
2667:Militia
2589:(Italy)
2581:(Italy)
2573:(Italy)
2565:(Italy)
2234:3134219
2186:7185705
752:company
629:Isurava
568:Militia
548:I Corps
528:Orcades
434:Tripoli
410:Jezzine
268:History
227:of the
220:was an
177:Notable
121:I Corps
61:Country
37:Lebanon
2324:Tobruk
2252:
2232:
2207:
2184:
2162:
2143:
2121:
2102:
2083:
2064:
2045:
808:Borneo
782:Borneo
740:Kaipit
522:, the
438:Aleppo
423:Beirut
419:Damour
402:Metula
394:Litani
359:Tobruk
296:: the
79:Branch
70:
53:Active
1298:Notes
1148:Corps
841:, in
788:Perth
776:Situm
645:Efogi
599:Papua
493:Burma
398:Sidon
2250:ISBN
2230:OCLC
2205:ISBN
2182:OCLC
2160:ISBN
2141:ISBN
2119:ISBN
2100:ISBN
2081:ISBN
2062:ISBN
2043:ISBN
1925:2011
1863:2014
695:and
664:and
643:and
532:Java
485:Suez
408:and
390:Tyre
306:21st
304:and
302:20th
298:19th
216:The
109:Size
99:Role
89:Type
483:at
357:to
2775::
2012:^
1960:^
1915:.
1774:^
1744:^
1723:^
1585:^
1397:^
1349:^
1020:,
867:.
814:.
722:,
718:,
578:.
550:,
337:.
300:,
47:.)
2651:e
2644:t
2637:v
2357:(
2316:e
2309:t
2302:v
2258:.
2236:.
2188:.
2168:.
2149:.
2127:.
2108:.
2089:.
2070:.
2051:.
1927:.
1865:.
1165:)
726:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
