2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis

1693:(CUP) demanded an unambiguous affirmation of Catalan independence, threatening to withdraw its parliamentary support from Puigdemont's government if he rescinded his independence claim. In his formal response to Rajoy's requirement hurrying the initial five-day deadline, Puigdemont failed to clarify whether independence had been declared and instead called for negotiations over the following two months. The Spanish government replied that this was not a valid response to its requirement and doubted that Puigdemont's offer for dialogue was sincere due to his lack of "clarity". The refusal from the Catalan government to either confirm or deny independence triggered a second deadline for them to backtrack before direct rule was imposed. The Spanish government subsequently offered to abort the incoming move to suspend self-rule if the Catalan government called for a regional election, but this was ruled out by the latter. 1860:) after all six of them, including Catalan parliament speaker Carme Forcadell, showed up to the summons. Puigdemont and the four other cabinet members turned themselves in to Belgian authorities on 5 November, awaiting a decision by the federal prosecutor on whether to hand them over to Spain or decline the warrant. They were released by the judge on the same day on conditions, such as they would not be able to leave the country without prior consent and would have to provide details to the police about their accommodation. On 5 December, six jailed members of the deposed government were freed on bail, while four others, including Oriol Junqueras, were required to remain imprisoned. The next day, Spain withdrew the EAW against Puigdemont just over a month after issuing it to Belgian authorities. On 18 November, while in office, Attorney General José Manuel Maza suddenly died and was succeeded 1770: 1530: 1323:

react. There is no democratic state in the world that would accept what these people are trying to do. They've been warned and they know the referendum can't take place". Rajoy also called for the Catalonia government to give up its "escalation of radicalism and disobedience", calling for them to "Go back to the law and democracy" and dubbing the referendum a "chimera", as tens of thousands gathered in the streets of Barcelona and other Catalan cities to protest police actions. The Spanish government did not rule out invoking Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution, which would allow the central government to adopt "the necessary measures to compel regional authorities to obey the law"—in practice, allowing for the autonomy's effective suspension and

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the second of the two laws that had been approved by the secessionist majority in the Catalan parliament the previous week. The probe meant that prosecutors could choose to present criminal charges—or even arrest, if failing to answer the summons—local mayors who disobeyed the Constitutional Court's ruling. As part of a series of moves to block the Catalan referendum, prosecutors had also instructed police officials to seize ballot boxes, election flyers and other items that could be of use in the illegal vote, whereas the Constitutional Court had instructed regional government officials to show how they were preventing the vote from going ahead within a 48-hour deadline. In response, the Catalan government sent a letter to

2126:. Led by businessman Nikolay Sadovnikov, the Russian emissaries offered to give the Catalan government 10,000 armed Russian soldiers for the fight for independence against the Spanish state as well as an improbable sum of $ 500 billion in aid to pay all the Catalan debt. In return for their support, the Russian delegation requested that the Catalan government passes the necessary legislation to turn Catalonia into a new Switzerland of cryptocurrency. Although the meeting ended without a deal, the relationship between the Russians and the Catalan government has continued even after the failure of the push for independence with Puigdemont's associate, Víctor Terradellas, as the main interlocutor. 1721: 1920:, Citizens' leader in the region, announced she would not try to form a government on her own, instead waiting and see how negotiations between pro-independence parties evolved, due to them commanding a majority against her hypothetical candidacy. As the candidate of the most-voted party within the pro-independence bloc, Puigdemont intended to be re-elected as president, but this was hampered by the fact he risked being arrested by Spanish authorities upon returning from Brussels. Further, pro-independence parties could only command 62 seats—six short of a majority—as in practice eight of their elected deputies were either in Brussels with Puigdemont or in 75: 1414: 64: 1169:, aimed at superseding the Spanish Constitution and the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia with a new legal framework should a simple majority vote 'Yes' to the independence choice with no minimum participation required. Besides its unconstitutional character, the law was criticized for being approved with a simple majority, in contrast with the two thirds needed to reform the Statute of Autonomy or the Spanish Constitution, the generous control it afforded the executive power over the new judicial branch and the extensive degree of immunity offered to the president of the new republic. 55: 1165:

fast-tracking the law through parliament, not allowing them to appeal the law before being put up to vote. In 2018, the Constitutional Court ruled that the rights of the opposition were indeed undermined. Shortly after the parliamentary vote, in which most of the opposition MPs walked out from the chamber without voting on the bill, the Catalan regional government signed the decree calling the referendum. On 7 September and under a similar procedure as the previous day, pro-independence lawmakers in the Parliament of Catalonia passed the

1820:. Puigdemont, however, declared that he was not in Belgium "to seek asylum" and that he would respect the 21 December election, but also noting that he would not return home until "a fair judicial process was guaranteed" in Spain. Concurrently, lack of civil unrest and work resuming as normal throughout Catalonia showed direct rule from Madrid taking hold, with Spanish authorities reasserting administrative control over Catalan territory with little resistance. On 31 October, the independence declaration was suspended by the 1310:, deputy to regional Vice-president Oriol Junqueras. This came after mayors from towns supporting the referendum were questioned in court by state prosecutors. Regional premier Carles Puigdemont condemned the actions as "anti-democratic and totalitarian", accusing the Spanish government of 'de facto' imposing a state of emergency and of suspending Catalonia's autonomy after it took effective control over Catalan finances. Public protests occurred in Barcelona after news of the arrests emerged, with left-wing political party 1887: 1375: 1949: 980:, and arrested fourteen senior Catalan officials. This led to protests outside the Catalan economy department which saw Civil Guard officers trapped inside the building for hours and several vehicles vandalized. The referendum was eventually held, albeit without meeting minimum standards for elections and amid low turnout and a police crackdown ended with hundreds injured. Also Spanish Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that up to 431 officers were injured bruised or even bitten. 8351: 8363: 1331:

for people to turn out and mobilise on 1 October, turning the social response into a "censure motion to Rajoy", stating that "If there is any possibility of change in Spain, democracy must triumph in Catalonia". As street protests continued throughout Catalonia, additional police reinforcements were sent by the Spanish government to block any moves to hold the referendum on 1 October. Spanish prosecutors formally accused some protesters in Barcelona of

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shot against the eye and the other one due to a heart attack. 893 civilians and 111 agents of the Nacional Police and the Civil Guard were reported to have been injured. According to some Spanish media these previously reported figures may have been exaggerated. The Guardian's columnist, Peter Preston, said the number of injured "hadn't been independently checked" while he still described the police action as "violent and frightening".

7658: 7672: 1273:. These complaints included the guarantee request for the members of the Government as well as a request for a notification to all mayors of Catalonia to prevent any "personal or material resource, including local" resources being provided for the celebration of referendum. The court was also asked to notify the Catalan media managers of the prohibition of inserting institutional advertising or propaganda of the referendum. 8375: 1141: 1570:

immediately announced that parliament would suspend a formal declaration of independence in order to pursue dialogue with the Spanish government. Puigdemont and other pro-independence deputies then signed a symbolic declaration of independence with no legal effect. Puigdemont's move came after pressure resulting from the business exit on the previous days as well as pleas from Barcelona's mayor

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the former Generalitat members led to increased protests in Catalonia, with thousands calling for "freedom" for whom they viewed as "political prisoners". Puigdemont declared from an undisclosed location in Belgium that he regarded the detentions as "an act that breaks with the basic principles of democracy". In contrast, a separate case against other Catalan lawmakers was adjourned by the

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pro-referendum posters, pamphlets and leaflets which had been regarded as illegal and criminal investigations ordered on the over 700 local mayors who had publicly agreed to help stage the referendum. Tensions between the two sides reached a critical point after Spanish police raided the Catalan government headquarters in Barcelona on 20 September, at the start of

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suspended but that the Catalan parliament could choose to vote on it if Spain continued its "repression". Subsequently, Rajoy announced the Spanish government would take direct control over the Generalitat of Catalonia, proceeding to remove Puigdemont and the entire Catalan government from their offices and call a regional election within six months, pending

1407:) stated that "professionalism and independence of doctors can not be questioned because they act under a deontological code to attend and diagnose patients". The judge who is currently investigating the accusations of police violence had already identified 218 people injured on 10 October, 20 of whom were police officers. 1189:

to deploy a series of legal measures intended to nullify the referendum, while also warning local councils in Catalonia to either impede or paralyse efforts to carry out the vote. Previously, local mayors had been given 48 hours by the regional government to confirm the availability of polling stations for 1 October.

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on bail after the state court in Schleswig rejected extraditing him for rebellion, though he may still be extradited on corruption charges. Ultimately, though, Spain dropped its European arrest warrant, ending the extradition attempt. Puigdemont was once again free to travel, and chose to return to Belgium.

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On 21 September, the Catalan government acknowledged that the raid and arrests in the previous day severely hampered the referendum's logistics by preventing any alternative election data centre to be established in time for the vote to take place. Nonetheless, Catalan Vice-president Junqueras called

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A decision on 13 September from Spain's public prosecutors to order a criminal probe of all local mayors who had publicly announced they would help stage the independence referendum—totalling over 700—came the day after the Constitutional Court had accepted the Spanish government's request to suspend

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to ask security forces to investigate possible preparations from the Catalan government to hold the vote, as well as announcing he would present criminal charges against members of both the regional parliament and government for voting and signing off the referendum. The national government proceeded

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announced that it would appeal the bill to the Constitutional Court, which agreed to hear all four of its unconstitutionality appeals and subsequently suspended the law and the referendum until it could rule upon the matter. Despite the referendum suspension, the Catalan government announced it would

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On 10 October, Puigdemont ambiguously declared and suspended independence during a speech in the Parliament of Catalonia, arguing his move was directed at entering talks with Spain. The Spanish government required Puigdemont to clarify whether he had declared independence or not, to which it received

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On 26 October, one day ahead of the scheduled enforcement of Article 155 by the Spanish Senate, it was announced that Puigdemont had chosen to dissolve the Parliament of Catalonia within the coming hours and call for an emergency snap election on or around 20 December in order to prevent direct rule

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am, with a further 3-day deadline until 19 October to revoke all deemed illegal acts if an affirmative answer—or no answer at all—was obtained. This requirement was a formal requisite needed to trigger article 155 of the Spanish Constitution, a so-called "nuclear option" that would allow the Spanish

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for having played central roles in orchestrating massive protests aimed at hindering Civil Guard activity. They were accused of leading the protest of tens of thousands of people that surrounded the Catalan economy department offices on 20–21 September 2017 heeding a call made by Òmnium Cultural and

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urging him to step back from declaring independence. This was met with disappointment from thousands of pro-independence supporters who had gathered nearby to watch the session on giant screens, as well as criticism from the CUP, who voiced their discontent at Puigdemont's decision not to proclaim a

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Within the next two days, nearly 74% of Catalan municipalities—comprising about 43% of the Catalan population—had agreed to provide the necessary polling stations for the referendum, whereas many of the most-populated urban areas—representing 24% of Catalan inhabitants—had voiced their opposition to

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against Puigdemont was reactivated just as he was in a visit to Finland, but he had already left the country for Belgium before Finnish authorities received it. On his way to Belgium on 25 March he was caught and detained in Germany while crossing the border from Denmark. On 4 April he was released

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Conviction for sedition shall befall those who, without being included in the felony of rebellion, public and tumultuously rise up to prevent, by force or outside the legal channels, application of the laws, or any authority, official corporation or public officer from lawful exercise of the duties

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as new speaker, Puigdemont was proposed as candidate for re-election as President of the Generalitat. However, facing arrest on possible charges of rebellion, sedition and misuse of public funds, the Catalan parliament delayed Puigdemont's investiture after Constitutional Court ruled that he could

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for Puigdemont and four other members who had remained in Belgium and refused to attend the hearing. The EAW demanding Puigdemont and his allies' arrest was officially issued to Belgium the next day, on 3 November, which Belgium said they would "study" before making any decisions. The detention of

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delivered an unusually strongly worded televised address in which he condemned the referendum organizers for acting "outside the law", accusing them of "unacceptable disloyalty" and of "eroding the harmony and co-existence within Catalan society itself". He also warned the referendum could put the

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were deployed throughout Catalonia in an effort to close off polling stations and seize all election material to prevent the vote from taking place. The Spanish government was forced to call off police raids after clashes with protesters resulted in two people seriously injured, one for a gum ball

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to support the Spanish government's response to the referendum, which was rejected by 166 votes to 158. Rajoy defended his government's actions in that "What we're seeing in Catalonia is an attempt to eliminate the constitution and the autonomous statute of Catalonia... Logically, the state has to

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said on 15 November: "The Spanish authorities, NATO, and the newspapers did not bring up a single worthwhile argument to back these claims. We consider these claims to be groundless, and more likely a deliberate or inadvertent continuation of the same hysteria that is now happening in the United

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Many messages and operations that were seen via social networks come from Russian territory. And I use the correct expression: from Russian territory. That's not to say necessarily that we have determined that it is the Russian government. As such, we must act with extreme caution. We have to be

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If a self-governing community does not fulfil the obligations imposed upon it by the constitution or other laws, or acts in a way that is seriously prejudicial to the general interest of Spain, the government may take all measures necessary to compel the community to meet said obligations, or to

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remained trapped until midnight inside the building and had to flee by the roof, while several agents were trapped throughout the night as demonstrators shouted outside "You won't get out!". The Civil Guard agents cornered into the building made 6 calls for help to the autonomous police force of

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later said it had confirmed that Russian actors and Venezuela had attempted to destabilize the nation and Europe by means of propaganda, though it would not confirm if the Russian government was directly involved and warned that similar misinformation actions may take place in future elections.

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not assume the presidency from abroad. With other pro-independence leaders assuring the pro-independence movement should outlive Puigdemont in order to end the political deadlock, the former Catalan president announced on 1 March he would step his claim aside in order to allow detained activist

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announcing that it would stop sending weekly financial accounts to Spain's central government, a previously established obligation that was meant to verify whether the region was using public money for the promotion of its independence drive as well as a requirement for the region's access to a

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against citizens in Catalonia. Social bots, anonymous accounts and official state media accounts shared 97% of the anti-Spain messages while only 3% of the messages were shared by real social media members. Leaders of the George Washington University study displayed concern about the findings,

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On 19 October, Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy confirmed that the Spanish government would trigger Article 155 and move to suspend Catalonia's autonomy after a cabinet meeting scheduled for 21 October, following a letter from Puigdemont in which he said that the independence declaration remained

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In an ambiguous speech during a parliamentary session in the Parliament of Catalonia on 10 October, Puigdemont declared that "Catalonia had earned the right to be an independent state" and that he defended "the mandate of the people of Catalonia to become an independent republic". However, he

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that was to provide the legal framework for the intended independence referendum scheduled for 1 October. The way in which the law had been pushed through Parliament and the clear unconstitutionality of the law became an issue of controversy. Catalan opposition parties accused JxSí and CUP of

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abstaining, resulting in a 64–65 defeat. The next day and less than 24 hours before he was due to attend the second ballot, the Supreme Court announced that thirteen senior Catalan leaders—including Turull—would be charged with rebellion over their roles in the 2017 unilateral referendum and

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stating that "democratic systems have the obligation to investigate these signs and implement systematic methods of monitoring and responding to alleged disruptions of foreign agents" and that it appeared the authors of the propaganda are the same as the ones who allegedly interfered in the

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in response to the Spanish government's move to trigger Article 155. In the end Puigdemont chose not to dissolve Parliament, allegedly because of the Spanish government's refusal to call off the Article 155 procedure even though an election was called by Puigdemont. A debate over a possible

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from Spain, with most deputies of the opposition boycotting a vote considered illegal for violating the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Spain, as the lawyers of the Parliament of Catalonia warned. As a result, the government of Spain invoked the Constitution to remove the regional

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and state prosecutors. By 15 September, as pro-Catalan independence parties began their referendum campaigns, the Spanish government had launched an all-out legal offensive to thwart the upcoming vote, including threats of a financial takeover of much of the Catalan budget, police seizing

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also announcing or considering their intention to move their HQs out of Catalonia. The Spanish government announced on Friday 6 October that it would issue a decree allowing companies based in Catalonia to move out of the region without holding a shareholders' meeting. On 11 October,

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On 9 June 2017, Puigdemont announced that the planned independence referendum would be held on 1 October the same year. The Catalan government criticised the attitude of the Spanish government in refusing to negotiate a referendum and accused it of behaving undemocratically.

1835:) summoned Puigdemont and 13 other members of his dismissed government to appear on 2 November to respond to the criminal charges pressed against them. It was later ordered by the judge that eight members of the deposed Catalan government—including Puigdemont's deputy and 1390:

Despite the suspension, the Catalan referendum was held on 1 October 2017, as scheduled by the Generalitat. The absention rate was 58%, with the 2,044,038 voters in favour of independence amounting to 39% of all 5,313,564 registered voters. Over 12,000 officers from the

1201:, refusing to make a statement whether the municipality would provide logistic support to the referendum or not while rejecting putting public servants at risk; she, however, voiced her support for the people's right to vote in a fair and legal referendum. Concurrently, 1561:

Simultaneously, pro-unity groups increasingly took to the streets throughout Spain, with some gatherings leading to scuffles in Barcelona and Valencia. The Mossos d'Esquadra were put under investigation for disobedience, accused of not complying with a command from the

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issued an official statement considering the charge of sedition and the preventive imprisonment as "excessive" and called for their immediate release, but several days later made it clear that it did not consider them "political prisoners". Some Catalan media, such as

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declaration of independence then went ahead as planned in the Parliament of Catalonia later that day and into the next morning, simultaneous to the Spanish Senate debating the enforcement of Article 155. At the end of the debate, the Catalan parliament voted for a

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no clear answer. A further requirement was met with an implicit threat from the Generalitat that it would lift the suspension on the independence declaration if Spain "continued its repression", in response to the imprisonment of the leaders of pro-independence

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On 11 October, after a special cabinet meeting intended to address the events on the previous day, Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy announced he was formally requiring the Catalan government to confirm whether it had declared independence before 16 October at

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alliance, to become president instead. However, as Spain's Supreme Court did not allow Sànchez to be freed from jail to attend his investiture ceremony, Sànchez ended up giving up his candidacy on 21 March in favour of former Catalan government spokesman

1977:—fled the country to Switzerland in self-exile. As a result, the Parliament speaker Roger Torrent cancelled Turull's second investiture ballot. Thousands took the streets of dozens of Catalan cities to show discomfort with the decision of the court. 962:

Puigdemont's government announced that neither central Spanish authorities nor the courts would halt their plans and that it intended to hold the vote anyway, sparking a legal backlash that quickly spread from the Spanish and Catalan governments to

1454:'s leaders expressed support for the King's words in public, but were reported to be privately dissatisfied that the King had not made any call to encourage understanding or dialogue between the Spanish and Catalan governments. On 5 October the 1020:

authorities and enforce direct rule the next day, with a regional election being subsequently called for 21 December 2017 to elect a new Parliament of Catalonia. Puigdemont and part of his cabinet fled to Belgium after being ousted, as the

7522: 2728: 1107:, when about 80% of those who voted were believed to have backed independence for the region, and up to 91.8% supported Catalonia becoming a state—albeit on an estimated turnout around or below 40%. The Catalan government invoked the 6310: 1669:, reported that footage from the incident showed Cuixart and Sànchez trying to call off the protests, contradicting that part of the judicial order imprisoning them which said that they had not tried "to call off the demonstration". 4111: 4052: 1216:—faced charges of disobedience, misusing public funds and making deliberately unlawful decisions as elected officials as the High Court of Justice of Catalonia agreed to hear the criminal complaints filled by state prosecutors. 3878: 2091:

said in response: "Probably they are arranging this kind of scandalous, sensational hysteria in order to distract the attention of their electorate from their inability to resolve their problems at home." Kremlin Spokesman

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On 7 October, tens of thousands of demonstrators rallied in Madrid and Barcelona dressed in white and without flags with the slogan 'Shall we talk?', asking for a deescalation of the political conflict. On 8 October, the

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which were ignored, the first of them performed at 9:14 am with the subject: "Urgent - Request for support to Mossos". According to the judge the actions of Sànchez and Cruixat are into the scope of sedition, a

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and Barcelona mayor Ada Colau joining the growing criticism of Mariano Rajoy's government crackdown on public servants, dubbing it as an "authoritarian regression". The previous day, the

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Pro-independence politicians and organizations, including Catalan President Carles Puigdemont, have referred to Cuixart and Sànchez as political prisoners. The Spanish Justice Minister

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In a search on 19 September, Spanish police seized significant election material which had been in store by referendum organizers at the offices of a private delivery company in

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Turull was defeated in the first ballot of a hastily convened investiture session held on 22 March, with only his Together for Catalonia alliance and ERC voting for him and the

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The 21 December regional election called by Rajoy resulted in pro-independence parties retaining a reduced majority with 70 seats overall, with Puigdemont's coalition,

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funding programme to autonomous communities established in 2012. The Spanish government then proceeded to take direct control of most of Catalonia's invoice payments.

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that granted new powers of self-rule to the region. The ruling came after four years of deliberation concerning a constitutional appeal filed by the conservative

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Crowd protesting in front of the Catalan Ministry for Economy and Finance (top); polling station on 1 October (middle left); Carles Puigdemont presenting the

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until it ruled on the issue. Some international media outlets have described the events as "one of the worst political crises in modern Spanish history".

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were both arrested on 17 October 2017. Senior Generalitat figures were officially dismissed from office on 28 October 2017 after direct rule was enforced.

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clear on the origins. They are partly from Russian territory, partly from elsewhere, also outside the EU. We are determining this at the current time.

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government to suspend Catalonia's political autonomy and impose direct rule from Madrid. Pressure mounted within the pro-independence coalition as the

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the ensuing week, which had seen sharp falls in the group's share prices the previous day and rating agencies downgrading the region. Concurrently,

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The events of 1 October sparked a public outcry in Catalonia, with hundreds of thousands taking to the streets to protest Spanish police violence.

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suspended a future session of the Catalan Parliament (scheduled for 9 October) that had been planned to push for a Declaration of Independence.

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ANC, during which three vehicles of the Civil Guard were vandalised and their occupants forced to flee into the Economy Department building, a

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En relación con la pregunta de referencia, se informa que 111 miembros de las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado fueron contusionados

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allegedly collaborated on disseminating negative propaganda against the Spanish government days before and after the referendum. Russia's

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These complaints were admitted by the TSJC on 14 September without accepting the request for a deposit for the members of the Government.

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officials also made comments stating that Russia has been attempting to undermine Western governments through disinformation campaigns.

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replaced Mas as President of the Generalitat. Puigdemont promised to organise a binding independence referendum based on results from a

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Catalan republic right away and did not rule out abandoning the Parliament until the signed declaration of independence was effective.

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would assume co-ordination over all security forces in Catalonia. The previous day, several hundred students had announced a permanent

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and several representatives of the opposition parties in the Catalan parliament delivered speeches against the independence process.

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and Catalonia's political, economical and cultural background to back up its proposal for a referendum on Catalan independence. The

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to provide logistical support and help for the electoral process to be carried out—, as well as to the Constitutional Court, the

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economy of the entire north-east region of Spain at risk. Reactions to the King's speech were mixed. Party officials from the

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dropping bid as a result of detainment; Jordi Turull charged with rebellion and put under detention after first failed ballot.

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against Puigdemont and other Catalan leaders, it transpired that the ousted President and five of his ministers had fled to

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raided Generalitat offices and arrested fourteen senior officials from the Catalan government—most notably, these included

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Political deadlock in the Parliament of Catalonia over investiture. Puigdemont prevented from being elected from abroad;

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because of their involvement in the 20 September events. On 21 October, it was announced by Prime Minister Rajoy that

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approved the activation of article 155 of the Constitution for Catalonia in a 214–47 vote, with one abstention.

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Spanish court orders a jail sentence for 8 of Puigdemont's cabinet members (most later released on bail) and

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criticised it as "unworthy and irresponsible", paving the way for a harsh intervention in Catalan autonomy.

8140: 7632: 7576: 5668:"Spain: charges for sedition and pre-trial detention against Jordi Cuixart and Jordi Sanchez are excessive" 5474:"Las claves del auto de Sànchez y Cuixart: actuaron contra la Guardia Civil para "proteger" a altos cargos" 1836: 1704: 1315: 1295:. These included voting cards contained in envelopes with the Catalan government's logo. The next day, the 1120: 343: 8010: 7965: 6823: 6702: 5693: 5151: 2870: 2295: 2008: 1119:, opposed such a vote, arguing that any referendum on Catalan independence would go against the country's 8191: 8108: 7826: 7801: 4530: 4502: 2069: 1595: 1426: 1383: 1369: 1001: 985: 964: 424: 419: 376: 220: 8040: 8015: 7434: 5855: 5509: 5427: 4015: 3936: 3499: 2522: 2413: 1933: 1587: 908: 665: 272: 8500: 8450: 8445: 8415: 8395: 8341: 8203: 7764: 1869: 1828: 1773:

Demonstration under the slogan "Freedom for Political Prisoners, We are a Republic" on 11 November 2017

1583: 1005: 997: 738: 462: 237: 7186:"Torrent suspende la votación de investidura y realiza un pleno simbólico de apoyo a los encarcelados" 5198: 5118: 4693: 3671: 2602:"Interior asegura que 431 policías y guardias civiles resultaron heridos en el dispositivo por el 1-O" 1720: 1648:

argued that they were not "political prisoners" but "imprisoned politicians". An article published in

1526:(MACBA) since 2010. Within two weeks, more than 1,000 business and firms would move out of Catalonia. 8420: 8400: 8030: 7849: 4455: 4103:"Catalonia referendum: Catalonian government 'de facto' suspended by Spain, President of region says" 1911: 1435: 1197:—accounting for about 20% of the region's population—was caught in the middle, with its local mayor, 1173: 1073: 1049: 530: 265: 7697: 1724:

Special Senate Commission on the Invocation of Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution (presidency).

8410: 6096:"Puigdemont no convoca elecciones tras fracasar la negociación con el Gobierno para retirar el 155" 6042:"Dimiten los diputados Albert Batalla y Jordi Cuminal del PDeCAT por la convocatoria de elecciones" 5881:"El Gobierno cree que la carta de Puigdemont "parece que no responde a lo que se le ha solicitado"" 4075:"Catalan crisis: 'State of emergency' as Madrid cracks down on referendum by rounding up officials" 1798: 1790: 1742:, by secret ballot, which was backed 70–10, with two MPs casting a blank ballot, with all MPs from 1634:

thereof or implementation of the resolutions thereof, or of administrative or judicial resolutions.

1267: 1182: 1021: 968: 930: 512: 467: 297: 8060: 5908:"El Gobierno duda de la oferta de diálogo de Puigdemont y pone en marcha el segundo requerimiento" 4907: 3753:"El TSJC admite la querella contra Puigdemont, Junqueras y todos los consellers por el referéndum" 3670:

Galán, Javier; Alameda, David; Abad Liñán, José Manuel; Pueyo Busquets, Jordi (7 September 2017).

2930:"PPC, PSC y Ciudadanos abandonarán el Parlament si se vota la resolución de Junts pel Sí y la CUP" 2383: 2233:"Balanç de les càrregues de l'1-O: 1.066 ferits, 23 d'ells més grans de 79 anys i dos menors d'11" 940:—the government of the autonomous community of Catalonia until 28 October 2017— over the issue of 640: 8169: 7702: 6683:

Luis Navajas, teniente fiscal del Supremo, releva a Maza hasta que el Gobierno designe un sucesor

4074: 2109: 1981: 1961: 1848: 1782: 1759: 1733:. This move sparked an outcry within pro-independence ranks, as they wished to hold a vote for a 1690: 1348: 1161: 1153: 1116: 1092: 1016: 949: 731: 564: 360: 310: 251: 159: 128: 2786:"Rajoy aprueba la intervención completa de Catalunya para cesar al Govern y convocar elecciones" 1413: 1244:

Protests in Barcelona after the arrest of fourteen Catalan government officials on 20 September.

770: 8425: 8405: 8269: 8157: 7975: 7859: 7854: 1853: 1202: 457: 348: 74: 63: 8246: 7970: 2049: 2039: 1843:—be remanded in custody without bail after testifying for posing a flight risk, with a ninth— 1659: 1626: 1392: 922: 489: 6302:"Carles Puigdemont says he can't return to Catalonia because Spain is intent on 'vengeance'" 6248:"Spain takes charge of Catalonia- Deputy PM handed CONTROL of region amid fears of violence" 5907: 5750:"El Gobierno exige que Puigdemont aclare su posición sobre la independencia antes del lunes" 5040:"Diez cotizadas catalanas pueden usar el decreto del Gobierno para permitir mudanzas exprés" 4855:"Dirigentes socialistas echan en falta una llamada al entendimiento en las palabras del rey" 4326:"El fiscal comunica a los Mossos que Interior asume el control de la seguridad en Catalunya" 3909: 8295: 7774: 7380:

Spain blames RUSSIA for Catalonia crisis as Madrid accuses Moscow of DESTABILISING country

5667: 1921: 1617: 1603: 1344: 1336: 1037: 941: 679: 669: 628: 618: 608: 598: 506: 321: 183: 30: 8264: 7687: 5723:"Un vídeo muestra cómo Cuixart y Sànchez intentaron disolver la manifestación de Economia" 5066:"Aguas de Barcelona (Agbar) también decide trasladar su sede social de Barcelona a Madrid" 2084:

Members of Catalonia's separatist groups have denied allegations of foreign interference.

1447: 1284: 717: 8: 7864: 7707: 7662: 7577:"El 'emisario' de Putin ofreció 10.000 soldados rusos a Puigdemont para la independencia" 5777:"Rajoy anuncia el requerimiento a la Generalitat previo a la aplicación del artículo 155" 5776: 2120: 1396: 1296: 1112: 926: 501: 409: 8186: 7712: 5585: 4583:"La Generalidad dio orden de confundir heridos y atendidos el día del referéndum ilegal" 2020:

condemned Catalonia's independence referendum as "illegal". However, an analysis by the

1965:

subsequent declaration of independence. Llarena sent five of them, including Turull and

1801: 1270: 1185: 925:

took place in Spain from 2017 to 2018 as the result of a political conflict between the

727: 278:

EAW against Puigdemont reactivated; Puigdemont was detained in Germany on 25 March 2018.

8305: 8225: 6851:"El PSC aguarda el plan de Cs para la Mesa pero "facilitará" un presidente no 'indepe'" 4482:"Over 840 people injured in Catalonia during referendum: Catalonia regional government" 4162:"Catalonia: Thousands take to streets of Barcelona to protest crackdown on separatists" 1555: 1430: 1262:(TSJC) against the Government and the Bureau of Parliament for crimes of disobedience, 1108: 722: 696: 452: 163: 8198: 8113: 5152:"La salida de empresas de Cataluña se dispara y llega al récord de 268 en un solo día" 3555:"La ley de transitoriedad contempla el control político absoluto de jueces y fiscales" 1599: 1566:

to prevent the referendum and with their passivity allowing polling stations to open.

989: 381: 203:

elected as the new President of the Generalitat of Catalonia, with the formation of a

8050: 8000: 7922: 7844: 7414:'Illegal' Putin condemns Catalonia referendum and will continue to treat Spain as one 5988:"El Gobierno frenaría el artículo 155 si Puigdemont convocase elecciones autonómicas" 5126: 2116: 1953: 1914:

was severely mauled after being reduced to 4.2% of the share and 4 out of 135 seats.

1519: 1205: 1100: 937: 588: 404: 7985: 7980: 6069:"La CUP se irrita con el nuevo rumbo de Puigdemont hacia las elecciones autonómicas" 5199:"Masiva manifestación en Barcelona a favor de la Constitución y la unidad de España" 1917: 760: 8230: 8070: 7881: 7784: 7749: 5698: 5540: 4750:"King Felipe: Catalonia's authorities have 'scorned' all Spaniards with referendum" 4507: 4044:"Spanish police storm Catalan government buildings to stop independence referendum" 2875: 2521:

Ortega Dolz, Patricia; Andrés, Guillen; Pérez, Fernando Jesús (22 September 2017).

1225: 977: 685: 438: 397: 213: 204: 167: 8075: 6195:"Rajoy cesa a Puigdemont y su Govern y convoca elecciones para el 21 de diciembre" 5510:"El testimonio que puede llevar a prisión a Trapero: "Sentí terror y humillación"" 4016:"Civil Guard raids Catalan government offices, arrests 14 over illegal referendum" 3801:"The TSJC avoids claiming a deposit to the members of the Government for the 1- O" 2178:"El despliegue de la Policía Nacional y la Guardia Civil se mantendrá en Cataluña" 1906:, performing above expectations. With 36 seats, the main anti-independence party, 1645: 1324: 750: 712: 54: 8367: 8035: 8025: 7806: 7556:

Russia Calls Spain's Accusations It May Have Meddled In Catalonia Vote 'Hysteria'

7353: 7259: 7233: 7084: 7032: 7006: 6980: 6902: 6876: 6735: 6665: 6619: 6593: 6567: 6489: 6463: 6437: 6220: 6147: 5962:"Furious Spain sets Catalonia new deadline as it REFUSES to confirm independence" 5182: 4880: 4722: 4531:"Contamos como agresiones hasta las ansiedades por ver las cargas por televisión" 4503:"Contamos como agresiones hasta las ansiedades por ver las cargas por televisión" 4194:"Spanish crackdown has undermined Catalan independence bid, regional leader says" 4133: 3988: 3962: 3269: 3162: 3073: 3044: 3018: 2989: 2960: 2844: 2755: 2688: 2659: 2548: 2325: 2053: 1974: 1966: 1840: 1763: 1754:

boycotting the vote because of its illegality for violating the decisions of the

1714: 1550:, the local police estimating at about 400,000 the number of participants. Later 1506: 1213: 1209: 1009: 624: 594: 445: 8123: 6699:"El Gobierno elige a Julián Sánchez Melgar como nuevo fiscal general del Estado" 6015:"Puigdemont convocará elecciones en Catalunya para el miércoles 20 de diciembre" 5640:"Political Prisoner or Jailed Politician? It's Catalans' Spin Battle With Spain" 2148:"Guardia Civil y Policía Nacional movilizan mil antidisturbios más en Catalunya" 1149: 1088: 333: 88:(middle right); Mariano Rajoy announcing the enforcement of direct rule (bottom) 5644: 5371:"Two Catalan independence leaders taken into custody by Spanish national court" 5013:"Catalonia seeks to prevent business exit in event of independence declaration" 4247:"Junqueras: "La mejor moción de censura a Rajoy es el referéndum en Catalunya"" 3937:"Catalonia to central government ahead of referendum: No more spending reports" 3104:"La Fiscalía se querella contra Puigdemont y el Govern por rebelión y sedición" 2720:"Catalonia: Spanish judge jails two independence leaders for possible sedition" 2414:"Prosecutors take action against Catalan officials after referendum law passed" 2123: 2017: 1895: 1462: 1443: 187: 171: 8080: 4014:

Hernández, José Antonio; Carranco, Rebeca; García, Jesús (20 September 2017).

3645:"Catalonian mayors prepare for separatist vote as Spain ramps up legal action" 1374: 8389: 8162: 8055: 8045: 7990: 5856:"Puigdemont letter fails to provide clear answer on independence declaration" 5130: 4665: 2934: 2902:"Los letrados del Parlament advierten de que la votación de la DUI es ilegal" 2871:"Un Parlament semivacío consuma en voto secreto la rebelión contra el Estado" 2093: 2088: 1928: 1886: 1665: 1591: 1510: 1177: 1056:—then the country's second-largest party, in opposition to the government of 1053: 952: 912: 755: 702: 675: 650: 353: 5262:"Siete jueces investigan a los Mossos por desobediencia al no frenar el 1-O" 2104:(OCCRP), in Barcelona on the evening of 26 October 2017, the day before the 8379: 8215: 8179: 8145: 7779: 5694:"Amnistía no ve como presos políticos a los dirigentes catalanes detenidos" 4694:"El juez que investiga las cargas policiales: "No era ilegal" votar el 1-O" 4661:"Juez contabiliza 218 heridos en las cargas policiales en Barcelona el 1-O" 3779:"The criminal prosecution proceeds the Government and the Parliament table" 2816:"Catalonia crisis escalates as Spain set to impose direct rule within days" 2033: 1970: 1942: 1891: 1865: 1813: 1502: 765: 645: 614: 604: 7313:"Germany refuses to extradite Catalonia's Puigdemont on rebellion charges" 6824:"Arrimadas no intentará la investidura para evitar el desgaste ante el PP" 6274:"Catalonia crisis: deposed leader Puigdemont says he'll respect elections" 5288:"Spanish judge calls on Catalan police chief to testify in sedition probe" 1658:(PACE) Sànchez and Cuixart could not be considered "political prisoners". 8005: 7744: 7717: 7336:"Puigdemont Cannot Be Extradited on Rebellion Charge, German Court Rules" 7033:"Catalonia Spain: Judge refuses to release Jordi Sanchez for investiture" 6385:"El Constitucional suspende la declaración de independencia de Catalunya" 5397:"Spain High Court jails Catalan separatist leaders pending investigation" 5178:"Rallies in Barcelona and Madrid urge leaders to hold talks on Catalonia" 4557:"1-O: Denuncian que Salut dio órdenes de 'confundir' heridos y atendidos" 1612: 1575: 1478: 1266:

and misappropriation of public funds, as announced the day before by the

264:, but pro-independence parties retain their majority. Total collapse for 8362: 7396: 6173: 5341:"La CUP lanza un ultimátum a Puigdemont y podría abandonar el Parlament" 4802:"El PP destaca que el rey 'se ha vuelto a comprometer con la legalidad'" 3418:"El Parlament aprueba la ley para declarar la independencia tras el 1-O" 3134:"Spanish prosecutor calls for rebellion charges against Catalan leaders" 1948: 1498: 8355: 8065: 7995: 7112:"Catalan parties propose third potential leader in race against courts" 6178: 3879:"Catalonia refuses to send weekly accounts to Madrid before referendum" 2906: 2045: 1844: 656: 200: 7439: 3619:"Spain's PM to Catalan secessionists: "Stop walking toward the abyss"" 3529:"Catalonia's parliament approves law aimed at independence from Spain" 2523:"Spanish prosecutors formally accuse Barcelona protesters of sedition" 2204:"Thousands of Spanish police and Civil Guards deploy across Catalonia" 1650: 8020: 5803:"Spain moves towards activating "nuclear option" on Catalonia crisis" 5536:"Desvelan las 6 llamadas de auxilio de la Guardia Civil a los Mossos" 4961:"Top bank moving HQ out of Catalonia over threat of split from Spain" 4300:"Catalan leader accuses Spanish government of Franco-style crackdown" 2029: 1894:

and Rachel Lindon take case of Catalonia's jailed politicians to the

1805: 1571: 1547: 1534: 1494: 1470: 1379: 1263: 1251: 1235: 1198: 1194: 1077: 1025: 179: 109: 43: 8350: 5830:"Catalonia crisis: Rajoy opens way to suspending region's self-rule" 4777:"King of Spain accuses Catalan leaders of 'unacceptable disloyalty'" 4352:"El movimiento estudiantil anuncia la ocupación indefinida de la UB" 3935:

Sixto Baquero, Camilo; Sérvulo González, Jesús (14 September 2017).

3672:"¿Qué ayuntamientos han dicho ya sí o no al referéndum de Cataluña?" 3669: 3381:"Catalonia to hold self-determination referendum on October 1, 2017" 3189:"Spanish Constitutional Court cuts back Catalan Statute of Autonomy" 2573: 1068:. Shortly afterward the PP took power in Spain, and after a massive 8300: 8174: 7435:"Russian network used Venezuelan accounts to deepen Catalan crisis" 6755:"Catalan pro-independence parties keep their majority in snap poll" 6650: 3323:"Catalonia plans an independence vote whether Spain lets it or not" 2267:"El govern espanyol va quadruplicar la xifra d'agents ferits l'1-O" 1945:, who was also under investigation for his role in the referendum. 1809: 1607: 1332: 1292: 993: 155: 7212:"Spain Catalonia: Protesters clash with police after court ruling" 6930:"Puigdemont could return to Catalonia in attempt to retake office" 6359:"Work resumes normally in Catalonia as Spain enforces direct rule" 6334:"Catalonia Bows to Spanish Authority as Rajoy's Strategy Prevails" 6332:

Tadeo, Maria; Strauss, Marine; Duarte, Esteban (30 October 2017).

4610:"Violence in Catalonia needed closer scrutiny in age of fake news" 3827:"Spain threatens to arrest over 700 Catalan pro-referendum mayors" 1442:

praised the King's "commitment to legality", whereas leaders from

1084:

and set out to initiate Catalonia's process towards independence.

1015:

On 27 October, the Catalan parliament voted in a secret ballot to

260:

called for 21 December; plurality for the anti-independence party

7500: 7159:"Spanish court remands Catalan presidential candidate in custody" 7085:"Catalonia crisis: Jailed activist Jordi Sanchez drops candidacy" 6877:"Catalonia MPs elect separatist speaker as parliament reconvenes" 6412:"Spanish judge jails eight members of deposed Catalan government" 5217:"Las caras conocidas de la manifestación por la unidad de España" 4486: 3908:

Estévez Torreblanca, Marina; Carreño, Belén (15 September 2017).

3163:"Catalan independence: Spain high court summons dismissed leader" 2467:"Spain's crisis sharpens as Catalonia referendum campaign begins" 1817: 1482: 1474: 1418: 244: 175: 7060:"Catalan leader cannot leave jail to attend debate, court rules" 5935:"Catalan president Carles Puigdemont ignores Madrid's ultimatum" 5119:"El Macba afirma que la seguridad de sus obras está garantizada" 4775:

Clarke, Hillary; Rebaza, Claudia; Soares, Soa (3 October 2017).

2631:"Catalonia's president puts off declaration of split from Spain" 1167:

Law of transitional jurisprudence and foundation of the Republic

7234:"Spain Catalonia: Ex-leader Puigdemont 'avoids Finnish arrest'" 6956:"Catalan parliament delays vote on leader but backs Puigdemont" 4987:"Catalonia banks prepare to move amid fears of customer exodus" 4934:"Catalonia banks prepare to move amid fears of customer exodus" 4829:"El discurso del rey enciende a Unidos Podemos y los 'comunes'" 4134:"Catalonia referendum: Spain PM calls for 'escalation' to stop" 3355:"Catalan president says Madrid is suspending region's autonomy" 3216:"Catalonia can call itself a 'nation', rules Spain's top court" 2689:"Catalonia leader Puigdemont fails to clarify independence bid" 2062: 2025: 2022:

George Washington University School of Media and Public Affairs

1730: 1622: 1144:

Pro-independence supporters during a rally on 11 September 2017

1140: 114: 7496:"Spain sees Russian interference in Catalonia separatist vote" 6516:"Spanish court orders detention of 8 former Catalan ministers" 6221:"Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría - Madrid's enforcer for Catalonia" 5564:"¿Qué es el delito de sedición? Así lo regula el Código Penal" 4404:"Students occupy Barcelona university in support of secession" 2384:"Spanish national police raid Catalan government headquarters" 2353:"Spain's constitutional court suspends Catalan referendum law" 415:

Ministry of the Presidency and for Territorial Administrations

6903:"Catalonia's Puigdemont cannot lead from abroad, court rules" 5614:""We have political prisoners again", says Catalan president" 4723:"Catalan referendum: Vote illegal – Spain's King Felipe" 3934: 3726:"Colau pide garantías a la Generalitat para facilitar el 1-O" 3474:"Catalonia to hold independence vote despite anger in Madrid" 3243:"Catalan independence rally brings Barcelona to a standstill" 1490: 7523:"The Latest: Ex-Catalan president to lead party in election" 7463:"Spain: 'Misinformation' on Catalonia vote came from Russia" 6793:"Total collapse of the PP in Catalonia leaves Rajoy exposed" 6646:"Spain says nation's chief prosecutor has died in Argentina" 6123:"Catalan leader stumbles in bid for independence from Spain" 3045:"Catalonia independence: Rajoy dissolves Catalan parliament" 1910:, emerged as the largest in the Parliament, whereas Rajoy's 1847:—being granted a €50,000 bail. Spanish prosecutors sought a 1123:, as it made no provision for a vote on self-determination. 6718:"Spain's crisis re-ignited as Catalan separatists win vote" 2078: 2024:

of over five million social media messages found that some

1672: 7007:"Catalonia Spain: Fugitive Puigdemont abandons presidency" 3907: 3573:"Los puntos más polémicos de la ley del referendo catalán" 3403:"6 y 7 de septiembre, los días que rompieron el Parlament" 7467: 5315:"Catalan government suspends declaration of independence" 4670: 3989:"Catalonia referendum: Spain steps up raids to halt vote" 2660:"Catalonia independence declaration signed and suspended" 2574:

Vasco Cotovio; Isa Soares; Hilary Clarke (October 2017).

1777:

Subsequently, on 28 October, Mariano Rajoy dismissed the

1654:

argued that according to the criteria established by the

1004:

of the Spanish Constitution would be invoked, leading to

7461:

Cotovio, Vasco; Grinberg, Emanuella (13 November 2017).

7287:"Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont held by German police" 7260:"Carles Puigdemont: Former Catalan president 'detained'" 6981:"Jailed Catalan leader: We must unite to retake control" 4378:"Spain Takes Over Coordinating Police Work in Catalonia" 3500:"Catalan parliament passes controversial referendum law" 2961:"Catalan crisis: Regional MPs debate Spain takeover bid" 2845:"Catalonia independence: Spain pushes to remove leaders" 2050:

typically promote the Bolivarian government in Venezuela

1158:

Law on the Referendum on Self-determination of Catalonia

1044:

ruling in 2010, which struck down parts of the regional

5428:"The "Jordis" are not political prisoners – here's why" 4273:"Spain sends more police to block Catalonia referendum" 4013: 3963:"Catalonia referendum: Spanish raid deals blow to vote" 3910:"El Gobierno asume los pagos de las facturas catalanas" 3592:"Catalonia Independence Bid Pushes Spain Toward Crisis" 2493:"Spanish police confiscate Catalan referendum material" 2326:"Spain Catalonia: Court blocks independence referendum" 1403:

However, the Official College of Doctors of Barcelona (

7354:"Catalan case: Spain drops warrant against Puigdemont" 6543:"Carles Puigdemont turns himself in to Belgian police" 6272:

Rankin, Jennifer; Burguen, Stephen (31 October 2017).

2712: 2710: 2520: 2227: 2225: 1995:

Reactions to the Catalan independence referendum, 2017

8339: 7137:"Spain charges 13 Catalan politicians with rebellion" 6148:"Catalan parliament declares independence from Spain" 5986:

Mármol, Iolanda; Martín, Patricia (18 October 2017).

5364: 5362: 4430:"Catalan self-determination referendum: results 2017" 3853:"Spain summons Catalan mayors over independence vote" 3297:"Catalonia calls independence referendum for October" 1988: 1973:—ERC's general secretary and deputy leader to jailed 1518:

announced that it was repatriating its collection of

1193:

the vote. The largest city and capital of Catalonia,

7285:

Burgen, Stephen; Oltermann, Philip (25 March 2018).

6697:

Vázquez, Ángeles; Santos, Pilar (24 November 2017).

6186: 5260:

G. Labat, Jesús; Vázquez, Ángeles (1 October 2017).

4653: 3699:"Catalan officials defy Madrid on independence vote" 2990:"Catalan crisis: Spain PM Rajoy demands direct rule" 2922: 2896: 2894: 1875: 1625:

regulated by the article 544 and subsequents of the

1152:(JxSí) coalition and its parliamentary partner, the 7907:

White Paper on the National Transition of Catalonia

6174:"Spanish senate approves article 155 for Catalonia" 3348: 3346: 3344: 3127: 3125: 2809: 2807: 2779: 2777: 2707: 2222: 2074:

Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation

1606:without bail pending an investigation into alleged 1359: 7609:. Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project 7311: 6331: 6300: 6121:Dewan, Angela; Rebaza, Claudia (26 October 2017). 5422: 5420: 5418: 5359: 4985:Linsell, Katie; Duarte, Esteban (6 October 2017). 4906:Stothard, Michael; Buck, Tobias (5 October 2017). 4774: 4160: 4101: 4042: 3467: 3465: 2718: 1789:for 21 December 2017 and handed coordination over 1544:largest demonstration against Catalan independence 944:. It started after the law intending to allow the 852:1,066 (according to the Catalan Health Department) 5092:"La crise catalane fait fuir les collectionneurs" 4959:Petroff, Alanna; Liakos, Chris (6 October 2017). 4685: 4192:Toyer, Julien; Edwards, Sam (21 September 2017). 3353:Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen (20 September 2017). 2891: 2629:Sanchez, Ray; Gallón, Natalie (10 October 2017). 2576:"Catalonia independence vote descends into chaos" 2028:media and accounts on social networks related to 1425:On 3 October 2017, as huge protest rallies and a 1087:After a pro-independence coalition formed by the 8387: 6765: 6753:Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen (22 December 2017). 6094:Tomàs, Newus; Puente, Arturo (26 October 2017). 6039: 5686: 4908:"Big bank to move headquarters out of Catalonia" 3341: 3122: 2984: 2982: 2955: 2953: 2804: 2774: 2412:Noguer, Miquel; Tena, Berta (8 September 2017). 2407: 2405: 2290: 2288: 2102:Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project 1516:Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art 7489: 7487: 7485: 7460: 7284: 6954:Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen (30 January 2018). 5594:(Organic Law 10) (in Spanish). 23 November 1995 5415: 5259: 4494: 3462: 2863: 2516: 2514: 1656:Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1008:by the Spanish government once approved by the 896:12 (according to the Catalan Health Department) 8104:Association of Municipalities for Independence 7428: 7426: 4291: 3157: 3155: 3068: 3066: 2839: 2837: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2683: 2681: 2654: 2652: 2624: 2622: 1533:Demonstration against Catalan independence in 948:was denounced by the Spanish government under 7640: 6696: 6271: 6192: 5905: 5774: 5747: 4984: 4958: 4717: 4715: 3750: 3523: 3521: 3383:. Barcelona. Catalan News Agency. 9 June 2017 3097: 3095: 2979: 2950: 2783: 2628: 2402: 2285: 2260: 2258: 2171: 2169: 1698:protect the above-mentioned general interest. 1219: 1176:-led Spanish government under Prime Minister 1095:won a slim majority in the Parliament in the 1072:took place in Barcelona on 11 September 2012— 436: 313:(dissolved 28 October 2017 – 17 January 2018) 236:Article 155 of the Constitution enforced and 99:(8 months, 3 weeks and 5 days) 7482: 7397:Spain joins call for EU action on propaganda 6464:"Spain issues warrant for Catalan ex-leader" 6012: 5985: 4905: 4881:"Spain court halts independence move by MPs" 4191: 2716: 2599: 2511: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2298:(Report) (in Spanish). Senado. 22 March 2018 1181:proceed with the vote anyway. This prompted 16:Political conflict over Catalan independence 7931:Law on the Referendum on Self-determination 7423: 6953: 6752: 6120: 6093: 6040:Pardo Torregrosa, Iñaki (26 October 2017). 5566:(in Spanish). El Periódico. 17 October 2017 5037: 4456:"¿Cuántos heridos hubo en realidad el 1-O?" 3885:. Madrid. 14 September 2017. Archived from 3352: 3261: 3152: 3063: 2834: 2743: 2678: 2649: 2619: 2175: 243:Puigdemont and part of his cabinet flee to 8119:Committees for the Defense of the Republic 7891:Draft Constitution of the Catalan Republic 7647: 7633: 6716:Aguado, Sonya Dowsett (22 December 2017). 6620:"Catalan leaders' arrest warrants dropped" 6594:"Four Catalan separatists to stay in jail" 6568:"Catalan ex-leader freed by Belgian judge" 6490:"Catalan protest against Spain jail moves" 6193:Ponce de León, Rodrigo (27 October 2017). 5906:Ponce de León, Rodrigo (16 October 2017). 5775:Ponce de León, Rodrigo (11 October 2017). 5748:Ponce de León, Rodrigo (11 October 2017). 4712: 4253:(in Spanish). Barcelona. 21 September 2017 3518: 3270:"Catalonia's collision course with Madrid" 3092: 2784:Ponce de León, Rodrigo (21 October 2017). 2717:Fotheringham, Alasdair (16 October 2017). 2411: 2255: 2239:(in Catalan). October 2017. Archived from 2166: 387:Committees for the Defense of the Republic 7915:Initiation of the Process of Independence 7550: 7548: 6438:"EU warrant sought for ex-Catalan leader" 6245: 6066: 5853: 3751:Solé Altimira, Oriol (8 September 2017). 2756:"Spain moves to suspend Catalan autonomy" 2370: 2313: 2097:States and a number of other countries." 1952:Protest march in Barcelona in support of 1639:Article 544 of the Spanish Criminal Code. 1552:High Representative of the European Union 1028:and misuse of public funds against them. 307:(suspended 28 October 2017 – 17 May 2018) 8221:Republican Left of the Valencian Country 7574: 7432: 6013:García Pagán, Isabel (26 October 2017). 5471: 5117:Montañés, José Ángel (13 October 2017). 5116: 4691: 4500: 2549:"'More than 700 hurt' in Catalonia poll" 2464: 2381: 2141: 2139: 2059:2016 United States presidential election 2052:to criticize the Spanish government and 1947: 1885: 1868:until the appointment on 11 December of 1768: 1719: 1673:Independence declaration and direct rule 1546:in recent Spanish history took place in 1528: 1412: 1373: 1139: 1105:multi-question, non-binding vote in 2014 7770:2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis 7600: 6736:"Catalan ex-leader demands Spain talks" 5959: 5721:Calvet, Josep Maria (17 October 2017). 5452: 5038:Muñoz Vélez, Antonio (6 October 2017). 5010: 4607: 4158: 3267: 3101: 2382:Stothard, Michael (20 September 2017). 2350: 2145: 1250:On 8 September the Attorney General of 1135: 24:2017–2018 Spanish constitutional crisis 8388: 8129:Socialist Party of National Liberation 7545: 7493: 7183: 6848: 6715: 6540: 5827: 5720: 5368: 4692:Requeijo, Alejandro (6 October 2017). 4589:(in European Spanish). 11 October 2017 3723: 3616: 3589: 3415: 3268:Jackson, Patrick (14 September 2017). 3240: 2813: 2440:"Catalonia pushes Spain toward crisis" 2106:unilateral declaration of independence 2100:According to the investigation by the 1740:unilateral declaration of independence 1735:unilateral declaration of independence 1467:unilateral declaration of independence 1066:anger and street protests in Catalonia 219:Street protests throughout Catalonia; 7628: 7109: 7057: 6927: 6790: 6666:"Spain's attorney general dies at 66" 6409: 6298: 5932: 5854:Vallespín, Ivanna (16 October 2017). 5312: 5196: 4747: 4297: 4218: 4099: 4040: 3696: 3506:. Barcelona, Madrid. 6 September 2017 3471: 3395: 3294: 3241:Burgen, Stephen (11 September 2012). 3213: 3131: 3013: 3011: 2264: 2136: 1927:After the Catalan parliament elected 1366:Catalan independence referendum, 2017 1109:right of people to self-determination 425:Ministry of Finance and Civil Service 254:against Puigdemont (later withdrawn). 199:Direct rule enforced for six months. 8253:Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia 7433:Alandete, David (11 November 2017). 6821: 6365:. Barcelona, Madrid. 30 October 2017 6246:Mansfield, Katie (28 October 2017). 5472:Pinheiro, Marcos (17 October 2017). 3590:Minder, Raphael (8 September 2017). 3102:Guindal, Carlota (30 October 2017). 3074:"Sacked Catalan leader 'in Belgium'" 3051:. Barcelona, Madrid. 27 October 2017 2351:Strange, Hannah (7 September 2017). 2146:Sellart, Jaume (12 September 2017). 1594:—leaders of pro-independence groups 1524:Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art 1386:held in Catalonia on 3 October 2017. 946:2017 Catalan independence referendum 137:2017 Catalan independence referendum 8259:Democratic Convergence of Catalonia 8211:Catalan Solidarity for Independence 7947:Catalan declaration of independence 6067:B. García, Luis (26 October 2017). 5960:Couzens, Gerard (16 October 2017). 5369:Hannah, Strange (16 October 2017). 5011:Burguen, Stephen (6 October 2017). 4826: 3781:(in Catalan). Ara. 8 September 2017 3724:Puente, Arturo (8 September 2017). 3617:Noguer, Miquel (8 September 2017). 3416:Puente, Arturo (8 September 2017). 2814:Burgen, Stephen (21 October 2017). 2465:Hedgecoe, Guy (15 September 2017). 1793:functions to Deputy Prime Minister 1679:Catalan declaration of independence 1036:The recent increase in support for 967:—as local mayors were urged by the 210:Referendum held despite suspension. 86:Catalan declaration of independence 13: 8286:Young Republican Left of Catalonia 7817:2019 trial of independence leaders 7755:2014 self-determination referendum 7723:2009–2011 independence referendums 7529:. 15 November 2017. Archived from 7494:Emmott, Robin (13 November 2017). 6774:"Catalonia election: full results" 6771: 6541:Boffey, Daniel (5 November 2017). 4501:Iglesias, Leyre (9 October 2017). 4159:Marsden, Sam (20 September 2017). 3008: 1989:Alleged international interference 1564:High Court of Justice of Catalonia 1554:Josep Borrell, Nobel Prize winner 1351:, protesting the state's actions. 1260:High Court of Justice of Catalonia 1258:, presented two complaints to the 1130: 973:High Court of Justice of Catalonia 955:and subsequently suspended by the 473:High Court of Justice of Catalonia 227:Independence unilaterally declared 14: 8512: 8135:Catalan European Democratic Party 6849:Romero, Juanma (3 January 2018). 6791:Meler, Isaac (22 December 2017). 5586:Criminal Code Organic Law of 1995 5453:Badcock, James (4 October 2017). 4608:Preston, Peter (8 October 2017). 4221:"20-S, golpe letal al referéndum" 4219:Tomàs, Neus (20 September 2017). 3697:Parra, Aritz (8 September 2017). 2296:RESPUESTA D EL GOBIERNO 684/37958 1876:Regional election and investiture 1024:pressed for charges of sedition, 1017:unilaterally declare independence 339:Catalan European Democratic Party 8373: 8361: 8349: 7670: 7656: 7594: 7568: 7515: 7454: 7406: 7389: 7372: 7346: 7328: 7324:from the original on 1 May 2022. 7304: 7300:– via www.theguardian.com. 7278: 7252: 7226: 7204: 7184:Puente, Arturo (24 March 2018). 7177: 7173:– via www.theguardian.com. 7151: 7129: 7125:– via www.theguardian.com. 7103: 7077: 7073:– via www.theguardian.com. 7051: 7025: 6999: 6973: 6969:– via www.theguardian.com. 6947: 6943:– via www.theguardian.com. 6921: 6895: 6869: 6842: 6815: 6784: 6780:– via www.theguardian.com. 6761:– via www.theguardian.com. 6746: 6728: 6709: 6690: 6676: 6658: 6638: 6612: 6586: 6560: 6534: 6508: 6482: 6456: 6430: 6403: 6377: 6351: 6325: 6292: 6265: 6239: 6213: 6166: 6140: 6114: 6087: 6060: 6033: 6006: 5979: 5953: 5926: 5899: 5873: 5847: 5821: 5795: 5768: 5741: 5714: 5660: 5632: 5606: 5578: 5556: 5528: 5502: 5498:(in Spanish). 22 September 2017. 5484: 5465: 5446: 5389: 5333: 5306: 5280: 5253: 5227: 5209: 5197:Piñol, Àngels (9 October 2017). 5190: 5170: 5144: 5110: 5084: 5058: 5031: 5004: 4978: 4952: 4926: 4899: 4873: 4847: 4298:Jones, Sam (22 September 2017). 4100:Stone, Jon (20 September 2017). 4041:Stone, Jon (20 September 2017). 1360:Referendum and subsequent events 1347:of the historic building of the 1234: 1148:On 6 September 2017, the ruling 1062:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 891:Spanish Ministry of the Interior 543:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party 526:Parliamentary political groups: 329:Parliamentary political groups: 73: 62: 53: 42: 8496:Russian intelligence operations 7740:2012 independence demonstration 7601:Baquero, Antonio; Hall, Kevin. 7575:González, Germán (9 May 2022). 7561:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 7139:. Deutsche Welle. 23 March 2018 6822:Piña, Raúl (27 December 2017). 6313:from the original on 1 May 2022 5828:Rogers, Jon (11 October 2017). 5268:(in Spanish). Barcelona, Madrid 4820: 4794: 4768: 4741: 4639:Col·legi de Metges de Barcelona 4627: 4601: 4575: 4549: 4523: 4474: 4448: 4422: 4396: 4370: 4358:(in Spanish). 22 September 2017 4344: 4332:(in Spanish). 23 September 2017 4318: 4265: 4239: 4212: 4185: 4173:from the original on 1 May 2022 4152: 4126: 4114:from the original on 1 May 2022 4093: 4067: 4055:from the original on 1 May 2022 4034: 4007: 3981: 3955: 3928: 3901: 3871: 3845: 3819: 3793: 3771: 3744: 3717: 3690: 3678:(in Spanish). Barcelona, Madrid 3663: 3637: 3610: 3583: 3565: 3547: 3492: 3472:Jones, Sam (6 September 2017). 3436: 3409: 3373: 3315: 3288: 3234: 3207: 3181: 3037: 2731:from the original on 1 May 2022 2600:Europa Press (2 October 2017). 2593: 2567: 2541: 2485: 2458: 2432: 1882:Catalan regional election, 2017 1574:and European Council President 1405:Col·legi de Metges de Barcelona 807:Police detachment in Catalonia: 555:Citizens–Party of the Citizenry 8491:Foreign electoral intervention 8461:September 2017 events in Spain 8456:Protests in the European Union 8291:Nationalist Youth of Catalonia 7812:2017 Catalan regional election 6928:Jones, Sam (27 January 2018). 6410:Jones, Sam (2 November 2017). 6299:Stone, Jon (31 October 2017). 5933:Jones, Sam (16 October 2017). 5313:Jones, Sam (10 October 2017). 4827:Gil, Andrés (3 October 2017). 4410:. Barcelona. 23 September 2017 4384:. Barcelona. 23 September 2017 3807:(in Catalan). 8 September 2017 3132:Jones, Sam (30 October 2017). 2344: 2196: 2176:Agencia EFE (2 October 2017). 1779:Executive Council of Catalonia 1748:Socialists' Party of Catalonia 1354: 1076:—the Catalan government under 798:17,000 (until 28 October 2017) 730:(until 18 November 2017) 548:Socialists' Party of Catalonia 305:Executive Council of Catalonia 97:6 September 2017 – 1 June 2018 1: 8476:December 2017 events in Spain 8471:November 2017 events in Spain 8431:Catalan independence movement 6391:(in Spanish). 31 October 2017 5887:(in Spanish). 16 October 2017 5516:(in Spanish). 15 October 2017 5347:(in Spanish). 10 October 2017 5158:(in Spanish). 20 October 2017 4748:Jones, Sam (3 October 2017). 4641:(in Catalan). 13 October 2017 3651:. Barcelona. 7 September 2017 3214:Govan, Fiona (29 June 2010). 2938:(in Spanish). 27 October 2017 2910:(in Spanish). 27 October 2017 2879:(in Spanish). 27 October 2017 2129: 1822:Constitutional Court of Spain 1762:warned. Soon after that, the 1756:Constitutional Court of Spain 1456:Constitutional Court of Spain 1318:had voted down a motion from 1031: 822:17,000 (from 28 October 2017) 480:Constitutional Court of Spain 143:Catalan independence movement 31:Catalan independence movement 8481:January 2018 events in Spain 8466:October 2017 events in Spain 8141:Republican Left of Catalonia 7790:2017 independence referendum 7110:Jones, Sam (22 March 2018). 5544:(in Spanish). 6 October 2017 5241:(in Spanish). 1 October 2017 5098:(in French). 18 October 2017 5072:(in Spanish). 7 October 2017 4861:(in Spanish). 3 October 2017 4808:(in Spanish). 3 October 2017 4462:(in Spanish). 3 October 2017 1705:Spanish Constitution of 1978 1115:, now with Mariano Rajoy as 1058:José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero 344:Republican Left of Catalonia 7: 8328:marks defunct organisations 8109:Assemblea Nacional Catalana 7939:Law of juridical transition 7827:2019 Catalan general strike 7802:2017 Catalan general strike 7693:1918-1919 autonomy campaign 7058:Jones, Sam (9 March 2018). 4279:. Madrid. 22 September 2017 4140:. Madrid. 20 September 2017 2265:Serra, Ot (20 April 2018). 2210:. Barcelona. 1 October 2017 2070:Spanish Ministry of Defence 1370:2017 Catalan general strike 1256:José María Romero de Tejada 536:People's Party of Catalonia 377:Assemblea Nacional Catalana 221:2017 Catalan general strike 131:'s refusal to abide by the 10: 8517: 7899:Declaration of Sovereignty 3535:. Madrid. 7 September 2017 3295:Jones, Sam (9 June 2017). 3019:"Catalonia's longest week" 2007:—Spanish Defence Minister 1992: 1879: 1795:Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría 1676: 1604:preventively put into jail 1363: 1223: 1220:Judicial and police action 1070:independence demonstration 1006:direct rule over Catalonia 708:Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría 8319: 8278: 8240:Autonomist and federalist 8239: 8096: 8089: 7958: 7873: 7850:Principality of Catalonia 7837: 7775:2017 National Day for Yes 7680: 5992:El Periódico de Catalunya 5434:. Madrid. 18 October 2017 5403:. Madrid. 17 October 2017 5266:El Periódico de Catalunya 2152:El Periódico de Catalunya 2009:María Dolores de Cospedal 1596:Catalan National Assembly 1487:Fersa Energias Renovables 1429:took place in Catalonia, 986:Catalan National Assembly 907: 838: 833: 785: 780: 582: 577: 495:Police Intervention Units 437: 289: 284: 193: 151: 122: 103: 93: 36: 28: 23: 8016:Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira 2086:Russian Foreign Minister 1799:Spanish Attorney General 1791:Generalitat of Catalonia 1758:, as the lawyers of the 1074:Catalonia's National Day 1046:2006 Statute of Autonomy 1022:Spanish Attorney General 931:Generalitat de Catalunya 744:Diego Pérez de los Cobos 430:Ministry of the Interior 298:Generalitat de Catalunya 113:(some events throughout 8170:Popular Unity Candidacy 7703:Catalan Republic (1931) 7147:– via www.dw.com. 2154:(in Spanish). Barcelona 2119:met with the envoys of 2110:Parliament of Catalonia 1982:European Arrest Warrant 1962:Popular Unity Candidacy 1890:Lawyers Jessica Jones, 1849:European Arrest Warrant 1783:Parliament of Catalonia 1760:Parliament of Catalonia 1691:Popular Unity Candidacy 1349:University of Barcelona 1162:Parliament of Catalonia 1154:Popular Unity Candidacy 1093:Popular Unity Candidacy 637:(until 28 October 2017) 565:Societat Civil Catalana 509:(since 28 October 2017) 368:(from 13 November 2017) 361:Popular Unity Candidacy 324:(until 28 October 2017) 311:Parliament of Catalonia 240:imposed over Catalonia. 129:Government of Catalonia 8486:Russia–Spain relations 8270:Proposta per les Illes 7976:Josep Puig i Cadafalch 7860:Anti-Catalan sentiment 7855:Republican Generalitat 7698:Plot of Prats de Molló 5591:Official State Gazette 3329:. Madrid. 15 July 2017 2004: 1957: 1938:Together for Catalonia 1904:Together for Catalonia 1899: 1857: 1832: 1804:called for charges of 1787:snap regional election 1774: 1725: 1710: 1642: 1538: 1422: 1387: 1203:President of Catalonia 1145: 1097:2015 regional election 1082:snap regional election 965:Catalan municipalities 889:111 (according to the 653:(from 17 January 2018) 513:Municipal Police Corps 366:Together for Catalonia 349:Democrats of Catalonia 205:new Catalan government 8441:Politics of Catalonia 8436:Constitutional crises 8247:Assembly of Catalonia 7971:Enric Prat de la Riba 7785:2017 Operation Anubis 7735:2010 autonomy protest 7667:independence movement 6280:. Brussels, Barcelona 5672:Amnesty International 4563:(in European Spanish) 2044:would use Venezuelan 1999: 1951: 1889: 1870:Julián Sánchez Melgar 1772: 1723: 1695: 1660:Amnesty International 1631: 1627:Spanish Criminal Code 1532: 1416: 1393:National Police Corps 1377: 1143: 923:constitutional crisis 834:Casualties and losses 817:Catalan police force: 793:Catalan police force: 739:Julián Sánchez Melgar 688:(since 24 March 2018) 560:Civil organizations: 518:Barcelona Urban Guard 490:National Police Corps 372:Civil organizations: 135:'s suspension of the 7807:2017 Wake Up Europe! 7214:. BBC. 24 March 2018 6830:(in Spanish). Madrid 6797:Catalan News Monitor 5994:(in Spanish). Madrid 3889:on 14 September 2017 1922:preventive detention 1797:. On 30 October, as 1316:Congress of Deputies 1136:Referendum suspended 1042:Constitutional Court 1038:Catalan independence 957:Constitutional Court 942:Catalan independence 771:Xavier García Albiol 231:Constitutional Court 133:Constitutional Court 8265:Catalonia in Common 8153:Junts per Catalunya 7708:Events of 6 October 7663:Catalan nationalism 7533:on 16 November 2017 7527:The Washington Post 7403:. 13 November 2017. 6803:on 16 November 2018 6742:. 22 December 2017. 6672:. 18 November 2017. 6654:. 18 November 2017. 4914:. Madrid, Barcelona 4200:. Madrid, Barcelona 4081:. 20 September 2017 4022:. Barcelona, Madrid 3995:. 20 September 2017 3969:. 19 September 2017 3943:. Barcelona, Madrid 3859:. 14 September 2017 3833:. 13 September 2017 3831:The Daily Telegraph 3579:. 6 September 2017. 3361:. Madrid, Barcelona 3276:. Barcelona, Madrid 3220:The Daily Telegraph 2529:. Barcelona, Madrid 2499:. 18 September 2017 2420:. Barcelona, Madrid 2357:The Daily Telegraph 1703:Article 155 of the 1582:On 17 October, the 1113:Government of Spain 1040:has its roots in a 927:Government of Spain 635:Josep Lluís Trapero 420:Ministry of Justice 410:Government of Spain 229:, then annulled by 207:ending direct rule. 8226:Democratic Tsunami 7822:2019–2020 protests 7420:28 September 2017. 6987:. 21 February 2018 6182:. 27 October 2017. 4382:The New York Times 3596:The New York Times 3450:. 29 November 2017 2606:www.europapress.es 2446:. 9 September 2017 2332:. 8 September 2017 2243:on 22 October 2017 2016:Russian President 1958: 1900: 1833:Audiencia Nacional 1775: 1726: 1556:Mario Vargas Llosa 1539: 1520:Art & Language 1423: 1421:on 3 October 2017. 1388: 1156:(CUP), passed the 1146: 1064:—and was met with 723:Juan Ignacio Zoido 659:(from 17 May 2018) 453:Judiciary of Spain 164:civil disobedience 8501:Carles Puigdemont 8451:Protests in Spain 8446:Politics of Spain 8416:2018 in Catalonia 8396:2017 in Catalonia 8337: 8336: 8315: 8314: 8051:Carles Puigdemont 8001:Josep Tarradellas 7923:Let Catalans Vote 7845:Catalan Countries 7780:2017 Yes Campaign 7765:2016 We are ready 7688:¡Cu-Cut! incident 7565:16 November 2017. 7386:13 November 2017. 6909:. 27 January 2018 6883:. 17 January 2018 6626:. 5 December 2017 6600:. 4 December 2017 6574:. 6 November 2017 6522:. 2 November 2017 6496:. 2 November 2017 6470:. 3 November 2017 6444:. 2 November 2017 6227:. 28 October 2017 6154:. 27 October 2017 5809:. 11 October 2017 5702:. 8 November 2017 5674:. 18 October 2017 5648:. 18 October 2017 5620:. 16 October 2017 5223:. 8 October 2017. 5186:. 7 October 2017. 4673:. 10 October 2017 4490:. 1 October 2017. 3577:La Voz de Galicia 3169:. 31 October 2017 3080:. 30 October 2017 3025:. 4 November 2017 2996:. 27 October 2017 2967:. 26 October 2017 2851:. 21 October 2017 2762:. 19 October 2017 2695:. 16 October 2017 2666:. 10 October 2017 2121:Russian president 2117:Carles Puigdemont 2114:Catalan president 1954:Carles Puigdemont 1618:Mossos d'Esquadra 1537:on 8 October 2017 1522:works on loan at 1448:Catalunya en Comú 1417:Demonstration in 1378:Demonstration in 1341:Interior Ministry 1337:Mossos d'Esquadra 1285:Cristóbal Montoro 1282:Treasury Minister 1208:, Vice-president 1206:Carles Puigdemont 1121:1978 Constitution 1101:Carles Puigdemont 1091:alliance and the 938:Carles Puigdemont 919: 918: 903: 902: 863:18 (in Catalonia) 846:Civilians injured 829: 828: 718:Cristóbal Montoro 589:Carles Puigdemont 573: 572: 507:Mossos d'Esquadra 322:Mossos d'Esquadra 258:Regional election 247:to avoid charges. 108:Spain, primarily 8508: 8421:2018 in politics 8401:2017 in politics 8378: 8377: 8376: 8366: 8365: 8354: 8353: 8345: 8231:Catalan Alliance 8187:Més per Mallorca 8097:Pro-independence 8094: 8093: 8071:Elisenda Paluzie 7966:Valentí Almirall 7951: 7950:(10/27 Oct 2017) 7943: 7935: 7927: 7919: 7911: 7903: 7895: 7887: 7882:Bases de Manresa 7750:2014 Catalan Way 7745:2013 Catalan Way 7713:Operation Garzón 7675: 7674: 7673: 7661: 7660: 7659: 7649: 7642: 7635: 7626: 7625: 7619: 7618: 7616: 7614: 7598: 7592: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7572: 7566: 7552: 7543: 7542: 7540: 7538: 7519: 7513: 7512: 7510: 7508: 7491: 7480: 7479: 7477: 7475: 7458: 7452: 7451: 7449: 7447: 7430: 7421: 7410: 7404: 7393: 7387: 7376: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7365: 7350: 7344: 7343: 7332: 7326: 7325: 7320:. 5 April 2018. 7315: 7308: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7282: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7256: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7245: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7221: 7219: 7208: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7181: 7175: 7174: 7172: 7170: 7155: 7149: 7148: 7146: 7144: 7133: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7122: 7107: 7101: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7081: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7070: 7055: 7049: 7048: 7046: 7044: 7029: 7023: 7022: 7020: 7018: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6968: 6966: 6951: 6945: 6944: 6942: 6940: 6925: 6919: 6918: 6916: 6914: 6899: 6893: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6873: 6867: 6866: 6864: 6862: 6846: 6840: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6819: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6808: 6799:. 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5897: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5877: 5871: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5851: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5825: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5718: 5712: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5690: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5636: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5610: 5604: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5582: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5560: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5549: 5532: 5526: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5506: 5500: 5499: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5450: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5439: 5424: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5393: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5382: 5366: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5337: 5331: 5330: 5328: 5326: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5294:. 4 October 2017 5284: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5231: 5225: 5224: 5213: 5207: 5206: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5148: 5142: 5141: 5139: 5137: 5114: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5088: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5062: 5056: 5055: 5053: 5051: 5035: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5008: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4973: 4971: 4956: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4940:. 6 October 2017 4930: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4892: 4887:. 5 October 2017 4877: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4824: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4798: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4745: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4734: 4729:. 3 October 2017 4719: 4710: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4689: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4631: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4620: 4605: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4587:Libertad Digital 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4561:Redacción Médica 4553: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4498: 4492: 4491: 4478: 4472: 4471: 4469: 4467: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4415: 4408:Fox News Channel 4400: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4337: 4322: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4164: 4156: 4150: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4105: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4046: 4038: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3932: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3737: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3694: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3658: 3656: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3525: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3496: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3469: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3377: 3371: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3350: 3339: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3159: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3129: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3070: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3041: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3015: 3006: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2957: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2926: 2920: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2898: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2858: 2856: 2841: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2811: 2802: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2781: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2752: 2741: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2722: 2714: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2685: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2656: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2626: 2617: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2597: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2571: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2555:. 1 October 2017 2545: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2518: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2462: 2456: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2409: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2379: 2368: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2348: 2342: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2322: 2311: 2310: 2305: 2303: 2292: 2283: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2262: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2229: 2220: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2173: 2164: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2143: 2012: 1956:on 15 April 2018 1858:Tribunal Supremo 1802:José Manuel Maza 1781:, dissolved the 1708: 1687: 1640: 1309: 1301:Josep Maria Jové 1271:José Manuel Maza 1268:Attorney General 1238: 1226:Operation Anubis 1186:José Manuel Maza 1183:Attorney General 978:Operation Anubis 840: 839: 787: 786: 728:José Manuel Maza 686:Elisenda Paluzie 468:Attorney General 442: 441: 439:Cortes Generales 398:Kingdom of Spain 334:Together for Yes 291: 290: 214:Operation Anubis 168:civil resistance 77: 66: 57: 46: 21: 20: 8516: 8515: 8511: 8510: 8509: 8507: 8506: 8505: 8411:2017 beginnings 8386: 8385: 8384: 8374: 8372: 8360: 8348: 8340: 8338: 8333: 8311: 8274: 8235: 8199:Més per Menorca 8114:Òmnium Cultural 8085: 8036:Carme Forcadell 8026:Oriol Junqueras 7954: 7949: 7941: 7933: 7925: 7917: 7909: 7901: 7893: 7885: 7869: 7833: 7676: 7671: 7669: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7623: 7622: 7612: 7610: 7599: 7595: 7585: 7583: 7573: 7569: 7553: 7546: 7536: 7534: 7521: 7520: 7516: 7506: 7504: 7492: 7483: 7473: 7471: 7459: 7455: 7445: 7443: 7431: 7424: 7411: 7407: 7394: 7390: 7377: 7373: 7363: 7361: 7352: 7351: 7347: 7342:. 5 April 2018. 7334: 7333: 7329: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7295: 7293: 7283: 7279: 7269: 7267: 7266:. 25 March 2018 7258: 7257: 7253: 7243: 7241: 7240:. 24 March 2018 7232: 7231: 7227: 7217: 7215: 7210: 7209: 7205: 7195: 7193: 7182: 7178: 7168: 7166: 7165:. 23 March 2018 7157: 7156: 7152: 7142: 7140: 7135: 7134: 7130: 7120: 7118: 7108: 7104: 7094: 7092: 7091:. 21 March 2018 7083: 7082: 7078: 7068: 7066: 7056: 7052: 7042: 7040: 7031: 7030: 7026: 7016: 7014: 7005: 7004: 7000: 6990: 6988: 6979: 6978: 6974: 6964: 6962: 6952: 6948: 6938: 6936: 6926: 6922: 6912: 6910: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6886: 6884: 6875: 6874: 6870: 6860: 6858: 6855:El Confidencial 6847: 6843: 6833: 6831: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6789: 6785: 6770: 6766: 6751: 6747: 6734: 6733: 6729: 6714: 6710: 6695: 6691: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6644: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6618: 6617: 6613: 6603: 6601: 6592: 6591: 6587: 6577: 6575: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6551: 6549: 6539: 6535: 6525: 6523: 6514: 6513: 6509: 6499: 6497: 6488: 6487: 6483: 6473: 6471: 6462: 6461: 6457: 6447: 6445: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6421: 6419: 6408: 6404: 6394: 6392: 6383: 6382: 6378: 6368: 6366: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6342: 6340: 6330: 6326: 6316: 6314: 6307:The Independent 6297: 6293: 6283: 6281: 6270: 6266: 6256: 6254: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6219: 6218: 6214: 6204: 6202: 6191: 6187: 6172: 6171: 6167: 6157: 6155: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6131: 6129: 6119: 6115: 6105: 6103: 6092: 6088: 6078: 6076: 6065: 6061: 6051: 6049: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6011: 6007: 5997: 5995: 5984: 5980: 5970: 5968: 5958: 5954: 5944: 5942: 5931: 5927: 5917: 5915: 5904: 5900: 5890: 5888: 5879: 5878: 5874: 5864: 5862: 5852: 5848: 5838: 5836: 5826: 5822: 5812: 5810: 5801: 5800: 5796: 5786: 5784: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5757: 5746: 5742: 5732: 5730: 5719: 5715: 5705: 5703: 5692: 5691: 5687: 5677: 5675: 5666: 5665: 5661: 5651: 5649: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5597: 5595: 5584: 5583: 5579: 5569: 5567: 5562: 5561: 5557: 5547: 5545: 5534: 5533: 5529: 5519: 5517: 5508: 5507: 5503: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5470: 5466: 5451: 5447: 5437: 5435: 5426: 5425: 5416: 5406: 5404: 5395: 5394: 5390: 5380: 5378: 5367: 5360: 5350: 5348: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5324: 5322: 5311: 5307: 5297: 5295: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5271: 5269: 5258: 5254: 5244: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5215: 5214: 5210: 5195: 5191: 5183:TheGuardian.com 5176: 5175: 5171: 5161: 5159: 5150: 5149: 5145: 5135: 5133: 5115: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5075: 5073: 5064: 5063: 5059: 5049: 5047: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5009: 5005: 4995: 4993: 4983: 4979: 4969: 4967: 4957: 4953: 4943: 4941: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4912:Financial Times 4904: 4900: 4890: 4888: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4864: 4862: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4838: 4836: 4825: 4821: 4811: 4809: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4773: 4769: 4759: 4757: 4746: 4742: 4732: 4730: 4721: 4720: 4713: 4703: 4701: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4633: 4632: 4628: 4618: 4616: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4540: 4538: 4529: 4528: 4524: 4514: 4512: 4499: 4495: 4480: 4479: 4475: 4465: 4463: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4428: 4427: 4423: 4413: 4411: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4361: 4359: 4350: 4349: 4345: 4335: 4333: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4296: 4292: 4282: 4280: 4271: 4270: 4266: 4256: 4254: 4245: 4244: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4217: 4213: 4203: 4201: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4167:The Independent 4157: 4153: 4143: 4141: 4138:Financial Times 4132: 4131: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4108:The Independent 4098: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4058: 4056: 4049:The Independent 4039: 4035: 4025: 4023: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3987: 3986: 3982: 3972: 3970: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3933: 3929: 3919: 3917: 3906: 3902: 3892: 3890: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3862: 3860: 3851: 3850: 3846: 3836: 3834: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3784: 3782: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3749: 3745: 3735: 3733: 3722: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3695: 3691: 3681: 3679: 3668: 3664: 3654: 3652: 3643: 3642: 3638: 3628: 3626: 3615: 3611: 3601: 3599: 3588: 3584: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3538: 3536: 3527: 3526: 3519: 3509: 3507: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3483: 3481: 3470: 3463: 3453: 3451: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3427: 3425: 3414: 3410: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3384: 3379: 3378: 3374: 3364: 3362: 3351: 3342: 3332: 3330: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3306: 3304: 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3266: 3262: 3252: 3250: 3239: 3235: 3225: 3223: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3172: 3170: 3161: 3160: 3153: 3143: 3141: 3130: 3123: 3113: 3111: 3100: 3093: 3083: 3081: 3072: 3071: 3064: 3054: 3052: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3028: 3026: 3017: 3016: 3009: 2999: 2997: 2988: 2987: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2951: 2941: 2939: 2928: 2927: 2923: 2913: 2911: 2900: 2899: 2892: 2882: 2880: 2869: 2868: 2864: 2854: 2852: 2843: 2842: 2835: 2825: 2823: 2812: 2805: 2795: 2793: 2782: 2775: 2765: 2763: 2754: 2753: 2744: 2734: 2732: 2725:The Independent 2715: 2708: 2698: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2679: 2669: 2667: 2658: 2657: 2650: 2640: 2638: 2627: 2620: 2610: 2608: 2598: 2594: 2584: 2582: 2572: 2568: 2558: 2556: 2547: 2546: 2542: 2532: 2530: 2519: 2512: 2502: 2500: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2471:The Irish Times 2463: 2459: 2449: 2447: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2423: 2421: 2410: 2403: 2393: 2391: 2388:Financial Times 2380: 2371: 2361: 2359: 2349: 2345: 2335: 2333: 2324: 2323: 2314: 2301: 2299: 2294: 2293: 2286: 2276: 2274: 2263: 2256: 2246: 2244: 2231: 2230: 2223: 2213: 2211: 2202: 2201: 2197: 2187: 2185: 2174: 2167: 2157: 2155: 2144: 2137: 2132: 2054:police violence 2014: 2006: 1997: 1991: 1975:Oriol Junqueras 1967:Carme Forcadell 1898:, February 2018 1884: 1878: 1841:Oriol Junqueras 1764:Senate of Spain 1709: 1702: 1685: 1681: 1675: 1641: 1638: 1600:Òmnium Cultural 1507:San Miguel Beer 1372: 1362: 1357: 1327:of the region. 1303: 1248: 1247: 1246: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1239: 1228: 1222: 1214:Carme Forcadell 1210:Oriol Junqueras 1138: 1133: 1131:Start of crisis 1034: 990:Òmnium Cultural 933:under the then- 899: 877: 825: 801: 776: 775: 747: 691: 662: 625:Carme Forcadell 595:Oriol Junqueras 569: 524: 485:Police forces: 446:Senate of Spain 391: 382:Òmnium Cultural 327: 317:Police forces: 188:general strikes 118: 112: 98: 89: 82: 81: 80: 79: 78: 69: 68: 67: 59: 58: 49: 48: 47: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8514: 8504: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8383: 8382: 8370: 8358: 8335: 8334: 8332: 8331: 8320: 8317: 8316: 8313: 8312: 8310: 8309: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8282: 8280: 8276: 8275: 8273: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8256: 8250: 8243: 8241: 8237: 8236: 8234: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8207: 8206: 8196: 8195: 8194: 8184: 8183: 8182: 8177: 8167: 8166: 8165: 8160: 8150: 8149: 8148: 8138: 8132: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8100: 8098: 8091: 8087: 8086: 8084: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8011:Guillem Agulló 8008: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7986:Lluís Companys 7983: 7981:Francesc Macià 7978: 7973: 7968: 7962: 7960: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7952: 7944: 7936: 7928: 7920: 7912: 7904: 7896: 7888: 7877: 7875: 7871: 7870: 7868: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7830: 7829: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7798: 7797: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7731: 7730: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7684: 7682: 7678: 7677: 7652: 7651: 7644: 7637: 7629: 7621: 7620: 7593: 7567: 7544: 7514: 7481: 7453: 7422: 7418:Express.co.uk. 7405: 7388: 7384:Express.co.uk. 7371: 7360:. 19 July 2018 7345: 7340:New York Times 7327: 7303: 7277: 7251: 7225: 7203: 7176: 7150: 7128: 7102: 7076: 7050: 7039:. 9 March 2018 7024: 7013:. 1 March 2018 6998: 6972: 6946: 6920: 6894: 6868: 6841: 6814: 6783: 6772:Clarke, Seán. 6764: 6745: 6727: 6708: 6701:(in Spanish). 6689: 6675: 6657: 6637: 6611: 6585: 6559: 6533: 6507: 6481: 6455: 6429: 6402: 6376: 6350: 6324: 6291: 6264: 6238: 6212: 6185: 6165: 6139: 6113: 6086: 6059: 6032: 6005: 5978: 5952: 5925: 5898: 5872: 5846: 5820: 5794: 5767: 5740: 5713: 5685: 5659: 5645:Bloomberg News 5631: 5605: 5577: 5555: 5527: 5501: 5483: 5464: 5445: 5414: 5388: 5358: 5332: 5305: 5279: 5252: 5226: 5208: 5189: 5169: 5143: 5125:(in Spanish). 5109: 5083: 5057: 5030: 5003: 4977: 4951: 4925: 4898: 4872: 4846: 4819: 4793: 4767: 4740: 4711: 4684: 4652: 4626: 4600: 4574: 4548: 4522: 4493: 4473: 4447: 4436:. 21 July 2023 4421: 4395: 4369: 4343: 4317: 4290: 4264: 4238: 4211: 4184: 4151: 4125: 4092: 4066: 4033: 4006: 3980: 3954: 3927: 3900: 3870: 3844: 3818: 3792: 3770: 3743: 3716: 3689: 3662: 3636: 3609: 3582: 3564: 3546: 3517: 3491: 3461: 3435: 3408: 3394: 3372: 3340: 3314: 3287: 3260: 3233: 3206: 3195:. 29 June 2010 3180: 3151: 3121: 3091: 3062: 3036: 3007: 2978: 2949: 2921: 2890: 2862: 2833: 2803: 2773: 2742: 2706: 2677: 2648: 2618: 2592: 2566: 2540: 2510: 2484: 2457: 2431: 2401: 2369: 2343: 2312: 2284: 2254: 2221: 2195: 2165: 2134: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2124:Vladimir Putin 2018:Vladimir Putin 1998: 1990: 1987: 1918:Inés Arrimadas 1912:People's Party 1896:United Nations 1880:Main article: 1877: 1874: 1829:National Court 1752:People's Party 1700: 1674: 1671: 1636: 1584:National Court 1463:Banco Sabadell 1461:On 5 October, 1444:Unidos Podemos 1431:King Felipe VI 1427:general strike 1384:general strike 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1243: 1242: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1230: 1229: 1224:Main article: 1221: 1218: 1174:People's Party 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1117:Prime Minister 1050:People's Party 1033: 1030: 998:National Court 950:Prime Minister 917: 916: 905: 904: 901: 900: 898: 897: 894: 883:Agents injured 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