1973 Chilean coup d'état

3857: 2834:, were facing pressure from an increasingly hardline anti-Allende faction within the Army. Prats had coined the idea of an Allende–Armed Forces government, including a "political peace treaty" with the Christian Democrats and restricted participation of the Chilean Communist party and a group of Socialists. Prats argued that "only thus will we prevent the extremist workers from rebelling." This idea had the support of Generals Joaquin Lagos Osorio, Herman Brady Roche, Washington Carrasco Fernandez, Hector Bravo Munoz, Mario Sepulveda Squella, Guillermo Pickering, and Orlando Urbina Herrera, but with variations. While Lagos Osorio and Urbina Herrera did not object to the Prats plan, the other five generals thought the Allende–Armed Forces government ought to be "transitional" and of "short duration," to prepare conditions for a "purely military government including the military police." The hardline faction, consisting of Generals Oscar Bonilla, 67: 2821:

Chile had a more democratic government than that over which I have the honor to preside ... I solemnly reiterate my decision to develop democracy and a state of law to their ultimate consequences...Congress has made itself a bastion against the transformations ... and has done everything it can to perturb the functioning of the finances and of the institutions, sterilizing all creative initiatives." Adding that economic and political means would be needed to relieve the country's current crisis, and that the Congress was obstructing said means; having already paralyzed the state, they sought to destroy it. He concluded by calling upon the workers and all democrats and patriots to join him in defending the Chilean constitution and the revolutionary process.

2565:'s "Track I" operation was a plan to influence the Congress to choose Alessandri, who would resign after a short time in office, forcing a second election. Frei would then be eligible to run. Alessandri announced on 9 September that if Congress chose him, he would resign. Allende signed a Statute of Constitutional Guarantees, which stated that he would follow the constitution during his presidency trying to shore up support for his candidacy. Congress then decided on Allende. The U.S. feared the example of a "well-functioning socialist experiment" in the region and exerted diplomatic, economic, and covert pressure upon Chile's elected socialist government. At the end of 1971, the Cuban Prime Minister 275: 2796:

Constitution ... a permanent system of conduct". Essentially, most of the accusations were about the government disregarding the separation of powers, and arrogating legislative and judicial prerogatives to the executive branch of government. Finally, the resolution condemned the "creation and development of government-protected armed groups, which ... are headed towards a confrontation with the armed forces". President Allende's efforts to re-organize the military and the police forces were characterised as "notorious attempts to use the armed and police forces for partisan ends, destroy their institutional hierarchy, and politically infiltrate their ranks".

1903: 1289: 438: 449: 2105: 3426:, two navy lieutenants, one navy corporal, four naval cadets, three navy conscripts and fifteen carabineros. In mid-September, the Chilean military junta claimed its troops suffered another 16 dead and 100 injured by gunfire in mopping-up operations against Allende supporters, and Pinochet said: "sadly there are still some armed groups who insist on attacking, which means that the military rules of wartime apply to them." A press photographer also died in the crossfire while attempting to cover the event. On 23 October 1973, 23-year-old army corporal Benjamín Alfredo Jaramillo Ruz, who was serving with the 2910:, Robert Dallek concluded that both of them used the CIA to actively destabilize the Allende government. In one particular conversation about the news of Allende's overthrow, Kissinger complained about the lack of recognition of the American role in the overthrow of a "communist" government, upon which Nixon remarked, "Well, we didn't – as you know – our hand doesn't show on this one." A later CIA report contended that US agents maintained close ties with the Chilean military to collect intelligence but no effort was made to assist them and "under no circumstances attempted to influence them." 472: 414: 403: 392: 483: 505: 14805: 1897: 494: 326: 220: 3321: 5263:

percent of the vote on 4 September was a plurality, not the majority required by the Constitution to prevent Congressional reaffirmation of the victory. The Station and the Embassy, working through intermediaries, urged Frei to use his influence with Congress to convince non-leftist forces to vote for Alessandri. The scenario was to have Congress elect Alessandri as President; he would then resign, thereby allowing Frei to run as a candidate against Allende in a new election.

461: 208: 56: 3392:) were killed, some of them in combat with the soldiers that took the Moneda. However, a report of 1999 published by an organization of ex-GAP which survived the events around the coup d'état, says that no one among the GAP members were killed in La Moneda combat. The source affirms that there were only 50 members of the GAP at that time, totally. The same information about the number of GAP members was later confirmed in an academic publication. 2646:. Castro gave four pieces of advice: convince technicians to stay in Chile, sell only copper for US dollars, do not engage in extreme revolutionary acts which would give opponents an excuse to wreck or seize control of the economy, and maintain a proper relationship with the Chilean military until local militias could be established and consolidated. Allende attempted to follow Castro's advice, but the latter two recommendations proved difficult. 236: 197: 3503:

final speech to the nation. It is not known how many Chileans actually heard the last words of Allende as he spoke them, but a transcript and audio of the speech survived the military government. Chilean scholar Lidia M. Baltra details how the military took control of the media platforms and turned them into their own "propaganda machine". The only two newspapers that were allowed to continue publishing after the military takeover were

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force support." It further noted that the far-right paramilitary group, Fatherland and Freedom "has been blocking roads and provoking clashes with the national police, adding to the tension caused by continuing strikes and opposition political moves. President Allende earlier this week said he believed the armed forces will ask for his resignation if he does not change his economic and political policies."

7612: 2473: 3214:; the president rejected the proposition. According to Tanya Harmer, Allende's refusal to lead an insurgency against the coup is evidence of his unrelenting desire to bring about change through non-violent methods. The military attempted negotiations with Allende, but the President refused to resign, citing his constitutional duty to remain in office. Finally, at 10:30 am, Allende gave a 3492: 2550:. Allende received 36.6% of the vote, while Alessandri was a very close second with 35.3%, and Tomic third with 28.1%, in what was a close three-way election. Although Allende received the highest number of votes, according to the Chilean constitution and since none of the candidates won by an absolute majority, the National Congress had to decide among the candidates. 3515:. The military government detained Jara in the days following the coup. He, along with many other leftists, was held in Estadio Nacional, or the National Stadium of Chile in the capital of Santiago. Initially, the Junta tried to silence him by crushing his hands, but ultimately, he was murdered. Immediately after the coup the military sought television host 2817:

with a declaration full of affirmations that had already been refuted beforehand and which in substance and process (directly handing it to the ministers rather than directly handing it to the president) violated a dozen articles of the then-current constitution. He further argued that the legislature was usurping the government's executive function.

3265: 78: 3580:. One of the first measures of the dictatorship was to set up a Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud (SNJ, National Youth Office). This was done on 28 October 1973, even before the Declaration of Principles of the junta made in March 1974. This was a way of mobilizing sympathetic elements of the civil society in support for the dictatorship. 3848:

collection of declassified CIA, FBI, Defense Department, and White House records illustrating the U.S. role in the dictatorship and the coup. Conferences and seminars on the subject of coup were also held. Various series and interviews with politicians on the subject of the coup and the dictatorship were aired on Chilean TV in 2013.

2813:, thus the Congress was "invoking the intervention of the armed forces and of Order against a democratically-elected government" and "subordinat political representation of national sovereignty to the armed institutions, which neither can nor ought to assume either political functions or the representation of the popular will." 2948:

spreading anti-Allende propaganda. As described in the Church Committee report, the CIA was involved in multiple plots designed to remove Allende and then let the Chileans vote in a new election where he would not be a candidate. The first, non-military, approach involved attempting a constitutional coup. This was known as the

3469:"that they are inclined to conclude that Allende was assassinated." Two forensics experts said they believed he was shot with a small-calibre weapon prior to the AK-47. One expert, Luis Ravanal, noted the lack of blood on his collar, sweater and throat suggested someone else fired the AK-47 when he was already dead. 2800:

it is their duty to put an immediate end to all situations herein referred to that breach the Constitution and the laws of the land with the aim of redirecting government activity toward the path of Law". The resolution was later used by Pinochet a way to justify the coup, which occurred two weeks later.

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had an extensive part to play in fabricating the conspiracy and in selling it to the press, both in Chile and internationally. Although later discredited and officially recognized as the product of political propaganda, Gonzalo Vial has pointed to the similarities between the alleged Plan Z and other

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On 23 August 1973, with the support of the Christian Democrats and National Party members, the Chamber of Deputies passed 81–47 a resolution that asked "the President of the Republic, Ministers of State, and members of the Armed and Police Forces" to "put an immediate end" to "breach the Constitution

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The political action program under consideration called for the Embassy and Station to influence the Chilean Congress as it took up the matter. This involved encouraging Congress to vote for Alessandri for President in spite of the fact Allende received a slightly higher popular vote. Allende's 36.3

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A coup d'état or the violation of the human rights of those who think differently is never justifiable. It is crucial to clearly state that the coup d'état cannot be separated from what came afterward. Human-rights violations of Chilean men and women began right from the moment of the coup It was a

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Prior to Allende's suicide, he addressed the nation one final time and stated hope for Chile in the future and wishing for the people to stay strong willed and overcome the darkness. In his own words he said: "Workers of my country, I have faith in Chile and its destiny. Other men will overcome this

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found "extensive evidence" of United States complicity in the coup. He states that its covert support was crucial to engineering the coup, as well as for the consolidation of power by the Pinochet regime following the takeover. Winn documents an extensive CIA operation to fabricate reports of a coup

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peering into the colonies from distant Rome, Nixon said the choice of government by the Chileans was unacceptable to the president of the United States. The attitude in the White House seemed to be, "If in the wake of Vietnam I can no longer send in the Marines, then I will send in the CIA."—Senator

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It can be argued that the resolution called upon the armed forces to overthrow the government if it did not comply, as follows: "To present the President of the Republic, Ministers of State, and members of the Armed and Police Forces with the grave breakdown of the legal and constitutional order ...

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A number of new films, theatre plays, and photography expositions were held to cast light on the abuses and censorship of the dictatorship. The number of new books published on the subject in 2013 was such that it constituted an editorial boom. The Museum of Memory and Human Rights also displayed a

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This is consistent with reports in newspapers and broadcasts in Concepción about the activities of the Armed Forces, which mentioned clashes with "extremists" on several occasions from 11 to 14 September. Nocturnal skirmishes took place around the Hotel Alonso de Ercilla in Colo Colo and San Martín

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President Allende died in La Moneda during the coup. The junta officially declared that he committed suicide with a rifle given to him by Fidel Castro, two doctors from the infirmary of La Moneda stated that they witnessed the suicide, and an autopsy labelled Allende's death a suicide. Vice Admiral

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According to official reports prepared after the return of democracy, at La Moneda only two people died: President Allende and the journalist Augusto Olivares (both by suicide). Two more were injured, Antonio Aguirre and Osvaldo Ramos, both members of President Allende's entourage; they would later

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Allende wrote: "Chilean democracy is a conquest by all of the people. It is neither the work nor the gift of the exploiting classes, and it will be defended by those who, with sacrifices accumulated over generations, have imposed it ... With a tranquil conscience ... I sustain that never before has

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On 24 August 1973, two days after the resolution, Allende responded. He accused the opposition of trying to incite a military coup by encouraging the armed forces to disobey civilian authorities. He described the Congress's declaration as "destined to damage the country's prestige abroad and create

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Prior to the coup, the Chilean military had undergone a process of de-politicization since the 1920s, when military officers had held cabinet positions. Subsequently, most military officers remained under-funded, having only subsistence salaries. Because of the low salaries, the military spent much

2014:, which had played a role in creating favorable conditions for the coup, promptly recognized the junta government and supported its efforts to consolidate power. During the air raids and ground attacks preceding the coup, Allende delivered his final speech, expressing his determination to remain at 3635:

Besides political leaders and participants, the coup also affected many everyday Chilean citizens. Thousands were killed, went missing, and were injured. Because of the political instability in their country, many relocated elsewhere. Canada, among other countries, became a main point of refuge

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On 13 September, the Junta dissolved Congress, outlawed the parties that had been part of the Popular Unity coalition, and all political activity was declared "in recess". The military government took control of all media, including the radio broadcasting that Allende attempted to use to give his

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Allende argued that he had obeyed constitutional means for including military men to the cabinet at the service of civic peace and national security, defending republican institutions against insurrection and terrorism. In contrast, he said that Congress was promoting a coup d'état or a civil war

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phone call reacting to news of the 1973 coup in Chile Kissinger grumbled that American newspapers, 'instead of celebrating,' were 'bleeding because a pro-Communist government has been overthrown.' 'Isn't that something?' Nixon remarked. 'In the Eisenhower period, we would be heroes,' Kissinger

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finally declassified President Nixon's daily briefs related to Chile from 8 to 11 September 1973. The document for 8 September read: "A number of reports have been received… indicating the possibility of an early military coup. Navy men plotting to overthrow the government now claim army and air

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The 40th anniversary of the coup in 2013 was particularly intense. That year the name of Avenida 11 de Septiembre was reversed to the original Avenida Nueva Providencia. The Association of Chilean Magistrates issued a public statement in early September 2013 recognizing the past unwillingness of

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presidential palace. When the troops moved forward, they were forced to retreat after coming under fire from GAP snipers perched on rooftops. General Arellano called for helicopter gunship support from the commander of the Chilean Army Puma helicopter squadron and the troops were able to advance

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Although CIA did not instigate the coup that ended Allende's government on 11 September 1973, it was aware of coup-plotting by the military, had ongoing intelligence collection relationships with some plotters, and—because CIA did not discourage the takeover and had sought to instigate a coup in

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state terrorist organization (whose attack against a former Chilean foreign minister in 1976 in Washington, D.C., resulted in two deaths, including that of an American). "Reports that NDU hired foreign military officers with histories of involvement in human rights abuses, including torture and

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in Washington, D.C., has been under investigation by the Department of Defense Office of Inspector General. Insider national security whistleblower complaints included that the Center knowingly protected a CHDS professor from Chile who was a former top advisor to Pinochet after belonging to the

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At the time, few of Allende's supporters believed the explanation that Allende had killed himself. Allende's body was exhumed in May 2011. The exhumation was requested by members of the Allende family, including his daughter Isabel who viewed the question of her father's death as "an insult to

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leaders must have imprisoned the general. Only at 8:30 am, when the armed forces declared their control of Chile and that Allende was deposed, did the president grasp the magnitude of the military's rebellion. Despite the lack of any military support, Allende refused to resign his office.

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and a public protest of the wives of his generals at his house. General Augusto Pinochet replaced him as Army commander-in-chief the same day. In late August 1973, 100,000 Chilean women congregated at Plaza de la Constitución to protest against the government for the rising cost and increasing

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While fatalities in the battle during the coup might have been relatively small, the Chilean security forces sustained 162 dead in the three following months as a result of continued resistance, and tens of thousands of people were arrested during the coup and held in the National Stadium. An

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The U.S. Government's hostility to the election of Allende in 1970 in Chile was substantiated in documents declassified during the Clinton administration, which show that CIA covert operatives were inserted in Chile in order to prevent a Marxist government from arising and for the purpose of

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The resolution declared that the Allende government sought "to conquer absolute power with the obvious purpose of subjecting all citizens to the strictest political and economic control by the state ... the goal of establishing a totalitarian system", claiming it had made "violations of the

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It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup. It would be much preferable to have this transpire prior to 24 October but efforts in this regard will continue vigorously beyond this date. We are to continue to generate maximum pressure toward this end utilizing every

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publicly complained about the government's inability to enforce the law of the land. On 22 August, the Christian Democrats united with the National Party of the Chamber of Deputies accused the government of unconstitutional acts and called upon the military to enforce constitutional order.

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In mid-July, a month before the resolution of the Chamber of Deputies, there was general agreement in the heart of the Army's high command on the desirability of terminating the Unidad Popular "experiment." How to do it was still nebulous. The constitutional generals, gathered around Army

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dictatorship until the end Reconciliation is not achieved through neutrality or distance but by unequivocally standing with those who were victims of the horror. Reconciliation, dear compatriots, does not involve attempting to equate the responsibilities between victims and perpetrators.

3136:" (GAP). By 8:00 am, the Army had closed most radio and television stations in Santiago city; the Air Force bombed the remaining active stations; the President received incomplete information and was convinced that only a sector of the Navy conspired against him and his government. 2809:

internal confusion", and predicted: "It will facilitate the seditious intention of certain sectors." He observed that the declaration (passed 81–47 in the Chamber of Deputies) had not obtained the two-thirds Senate majority "constitutionally required" to convict the president of

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Patricio Carvajal, one of the primary instigators of the coup, claimed that "Allende committed suicide and is dead now." Patricio Guijon, one of the president's doctors, had testified to witnessing Allende shoot himself under the chin with the rifle while seated on a sofa.

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group as officers frequently married the sisters of their comrades or the daughters of high-ranked older officers. Many officers also had relatives in the military. In 1969 elements of the military made their first act of rebellion in 40 years when they participated in the

3511:, both of which were anti-Allende under his leadership. The dictatorship's silencing of the leftist point of view extended past the media and into "every discourse that expressed any resistance to the regime". An example of this is the torturing and death of folk singer 5120:

In the run-up to the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States this month, a leading Chilean university, the University of Concepción, held a series of panel discussions on their legacy. The program referred to the events as 'the other Sept.

3892:—signed an declaration titled "Commitment: For Democracy, Forever", stating that it should "confront the challenges of democracy with more democracy" and it should defend and promote human rights. The right-wing opposition called it "biased" and refused to sign it. 3460:

However, on 31 May 2011, Chile's state television station reported that a top-secret military account of Allende's death had been discovered in the home of a former military justice official. The 300-page document was found only when the house was destroyed in the

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dark and bitter moment when treason seeks to prevail. Keep in mind that, much sooner than later, the great avenues will again be opened through which will pass free men to construct a better society. Long live Chile! Long live the people! Long live the workers!"

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Surveys showed that 60% of Chileans surveyed were not interested in the commemoration, while another poll claimed that nearly 40% believed Pinochet "modernised" the country. Other data found that more than a third of Chileans believed the coup was justified.

3430:, became the first fatal casualty of the counterinsurgency operations in the mountainous area of Alquihue in Valdivia after being shot by a sniper. The Chilean Army suffered 12 killed in various clashes with MIR guerrillas and GAP fighters in October 1973. 3383:

confirmed the number as fewer than 3,000 killed and reduced the number of cases of forced disappearance; but some 28,000 people were arrested, imprisoned, and tortured. Sixty individuals died as a direct result of fighting on 11 September, although the

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Initially, there were four leaders of the junta: In addition to General Augusto Pinochet, from the Army, there were General Gustavo Leigh Guzmán, of the Air Force; Admiral José Toribio Merino Castro, of the Navy (who replaced Constitutionalist Admiral

3399:, but the use of brute military force, especially the use of Hawker Hunters, may have handicapped many GAP fighters from further action. Which was the case of some GAP members during the Hawker Hunters attack against Allende's residence in Tomás Moro. 4757: 2777:

national police, suspecting them of disloyalty. On 9 August, Allende appointed General Carlos Prats as Minister of Defense. He was forced to resign both as defense minister and as the Army commander-in-chief on 24 August 1973, embarrassed by the

2631:; but, by then, the informal alliance between Popular Unity and the Christian Democrats ended. The Christian Democrats allied with the right-wing National Party, who were opposed to Allende's government; the two right-wing parties formed the 2042:

era. At the time, Chile was a middle-class country, with about 30% or 9 million Chileans being middle class. The collapse of Chilean democracy marked the end of a series of democratic governments that had held elections since 1932. Historian

5365:, University of Texas: English translations of Castro speeches based upon the records of the (United States) Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS). See locations of speeches for November–December 1971. Retrieved 22 September 2006. 3632:

Street, one block away from the Army and military police administrative headquarters. A recently published testimony about the clashes in Concepción offers several plausible explanations for the reticence of witnesses to these actions.

6154:"I.T.T. OFFICE HERE DAMAGED BY BOMB; Caller Linked Explosion at Latin-American Section to 'Crimes in Chile' I.T.T. Latin-American Office on Madison Ave. Damaged by Bomb Fire in Rome Office Bombing on the Coast Rally the Opponents" 2980:

operatives contacted senior Chilean military officers and informed them that the U.S. would actively support a coup, but would revoke all military aid if such a coup did not happen. In addition, the CIA gave extensive support for

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The report stated that the CIA "actively supported the military Junta after the overthrow of Allende but did not assist Pinochet to assume the Presidency." After a review of recordings of telephone conversations between Nixon and

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again. Chilean Air Force aircraft soon arrived to provide close air support for the assault (by bombing the Palace), but the defenders did not surrender until nearly 2:30 pm. First reports said the 65-year-old president had

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Despite evidence that all branches of the Chilean armed forces were involved in the coup, Allende hoped that some units remained loyal to the government. Allende was convinced of Pinochet's loyalty, telling a reporter that the

3128:, strategically stationing ships and marine infantry in the central coast and closed radio and television networks. The Province Prefect informed President Allende of the Navy's actions; immediately, the president went to the 4552:

Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who overthrew Chile's democratically elected Communist government in a 1973 coup and ruled for 17 years, died Sunday without ever having been condemned for the human rights abuses committed during his

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presidential palace if he resisted being deposed. The Socialist Party along with his Cuban advisors proposed to Allende that he escape to the San Joaquín industrial zone in southern Santiago, to later re-group and lead a

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as the winner of the presidential election. Alessandri, who was an accessory to the conspiracy, was ready to then resign and call for fresh elections. This approach completely failed in 1970 and was not attempted again.

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To respond to Section 311 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (referred to hereafter as the Hinchey Amendment), the Intelligence Community (IC), led by the National Intelligence Council, reviewed

6330: 5123:'Other' because, in Chile, Sept. 11 is best known as the date of the country's own national tragedy: the 1973 U.S.-backed coup against leftist President Salvador Allende that ushered in over 16 years of military rule. 2715:

the coup d'état wave that swept through the region. The poor conditions of the Chilean military contrasted with the change of fortune the military of neighboring countries experienced as they came to power in coups.

2596:, Rafael Cumsille, Guillermo Elton, Eduardo Arriagada – expected to depose the elected government. Other than damaging the national economy, the principal effect of the 24-day strike was drawing Army head, General 2956:, attempted to bribe the Chilean legislature, tried to influence public opinion against Allende, and provided funding to strikes designed to coerce him into resigning. It also attempted to get congress to confirm 2879:

Many people in different parts of the world immediately suspected the U.S. of foul play. In early newspaper reports, the U.S. denied any involvement or previous knowledge of the coup. Prompted by an incriminating

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were unable to communicate with military leaders. Admiral Montero, the Navy's commander and an Allende loyalist, was rendered incommunicado; his telephone service was cut, and his cars were sabotaged before the

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A number of cargo shipments involving trade with Cuba were affected by government policy decisions, and subsequently performance of the trade contracts underlying the shipping deliveries was made illegal under

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against Allende, as justification for the imposition of military rule. Peter Kornbluh asserts that the CIA destabilized Chile and helped create the conditions for the coup, citing documents declassified by the

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for many Chilean citizens. Through an operation known as "Special Movement Chile", more than 7,000 Chileans were relocated to Canada in the months following 11 September 1973. These refugees are now known as

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left the building. By 9:00 am, the armed forces controlled Chile, except for the city centre of the capital, Santiago. Allende refused to surrender, despite the military's declaring they would bomb the

2792:. . . with the goal of redirecting government activity toward the path of Law and ensuring the Constitutional order of our Nation, and the essential underpinnings of democratic co-existence among Chileans". 4748: 13622: 3831:

explained that attendance was not viable as Piñera's government was "packed with passive accomplices" of the dictatorship. Some right-wing politicians also declined the invitation. Presidential candidate

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Valenzuela, J.S., & Valenzuela, A. (1993). "Modernisation and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin-American Underdervelopment", in M.A. Seligson & J.T. Pass-Smith (Eds.),

3683:, who was imprisoned on 11 September was shocked to hear about the degree of violence the coup was carried out with. Despite being an arduous opponent of Unidad Popular he had expected a cleaner coup. 1267: 13600: 13240: 13957: 7351: 3816:

judges to protect those persecuted by dictatorship. On 11 September 2013 hundreds of Chileans posed as dead in the streets of Santiago in remembrance of the ones "disappeared" by the dictatorship.

13272: 13250: 8469: 4618: 13262: 11971: 8603: 3010:, although it was widely reported that the CIA was directly involved in orchestrating and carrying out the coup, subsequently released sources suggest a much reduced role of the US government. 8545:, number 14. An extensive Spanish-language site providing a day-by-day chronology of the Allende era. This is clearly a partisan, pro-Allende source, but the research and detail are enormous. 7915: 14689: 3616:, identifying among the 'local bosses' Fernando Alvarez, then Concepción Province's head authority appointed by Allende (executed one month thereafter); and among the fighting 'extremists', 2592:

economy. In October 1972, Chile suffered the first of many strikes. Among the participants were small-scale businessmen, some professional unions, and student groups. Its leaders – Vilarín,

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which provides documents obtained from FOIA requests regarding U.S. involvement in Chile, beginning with attempts to promote a coup in 1970 and continuing through U.S. support for Pinochet

5661: 3535:) (who replaced Constitutionalist General Director José María Sepúlveda). Coup leaders soon decided against a rotating presidency and named General Pinochet permanent head of the junta. 5749:

United States and Chile During the Allende Years, 1970-1973: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Inter-American Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives ...

13936: 13764: 13589: 13584: 13564: 13501: 13465: 13430: 13364: 13219: 13188: 13183: 13173: 13163: 14416: 14410: 11807: 10221: 13845: 13612: 2029:, and the United States government, which had described Allende as a dangerous communist, were aware of the military's plans to overthrow Allende in the days before the coup d'état. 8189: 2991:. Financial assistance was also given to Allende's political opponents, and for organizing strikes and unrest to destabilize the government. By 1970, the U.S. manufacturing company 13861: 13698: 13516: 13455: 13344: 13559: 13403: 13318: 13277: 13224: 13198: 13168: 6244: 8604: 8162: 5461:, part of series "Icarito > Enciclopedia Virtual > Historia > Historia de Chile > Del gobierno militar a la democracia" on LaTercera.cl. Retrieved 22 September 2006. 5387:, part of series "Icarito > Enciclopedia Virtual > Historia > Historia de Chile > Del gobierno militar a la democracia" on LaTercera.cl. Retrieved 22 September 2006. 3724:

had purchased sugar from the Cuban business entity, Cubazukar, and several shipments were at different stages of the shipping and delivery process. The ships involved included:

1260: 13408: 12150: 3840:. President Piñera held an unusual speech in which he denounced "passive accomplices" like news reporters who deliberately changed or omitted the truth and judges who rejected 13450: 4167: 5197: 4265: 2968:

approach, was an attempt to encourage a military coup by creating a climate of crisis across the country. A CIA telegram sent to the Chile station on 16 October 1970 stated:

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Chile had previously been regarded as a symbol of democracy and political stability in South America, while other countries in the region suffered under military juntas and

3554:, "The White Book of the Change of Government in Chile"), where they attempted to justify the coup by claiming that they were in fact anticipating a self-coup (the alleged 13856: 13728: 13723: 8574: 5317: 3784:

The commemoration of the coup is associated to competing narratives on its cause and effects. The coup has been commemorated by detractors and supporters in various ways.

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that could have saved lives. People who knew things or could have known things but decided to stay quiet were also criticized as passive accomplices in Piñera's speech.

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scientific intelligence." A scientific autopsy was performed, and the autopsy team delivered a unanimous finding on 19 July 2011 that Allende committed suicide using an

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Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America.

12915: 12712: 8207: 7473:"El "Golpe Generacional" y la Secretaría Nacional de la Juventud: purga, disciplinamiento y resocialización de las identidades juveniles bajo Pinochet (1973–1980)" 5602: 5444: 8667: 7681: 15411: 8136: 7537: 3652: 12761: 3860:

Pro–Pinochet protester holding a sign with Pinochet's face that says "We want order" in May 2023. In the background, there is another sign with Allende's face.

3350:, reported that Mr Bachelet died after a basketball game, citing his poor cardiac health. Michelle Bachelet and her mother were imprisoned and tortured in the 3317:

The government arrested some 130,000 people in a three-year period; the dead and disappeared numbered thousands in the first months of the military government.

7885: 6788: 14850: 13693: 12613: 11998: 10407: 8260: 4801: 2727: 12143: 14235: 9838: 7475:[The "Generational Putsch" and the National youth Office: Purge, disciplining and resocialization of youth identities under Pinochet (1973–1980)]. 5008: 3673:, D-Vermont, the author of the "Leahy Law" prohibiting U.S. assistance to military units and members of foreign security forces that violate human rights. 13130: 7223: 6218: 3915:

attended an commemoration in La Moneda presidential palace to commemorate the coup and its aftermath. Others who attended were former Uruguayan president

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to have him report on the events. Don Francisco declined the offer, encouraging the captain that had approached him to take the role of reporter himself.

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on September 11, 1973, by the Chilean Armed Forces; a journalist and policemen during the coup; and detainees and torture victims being detained at the

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appropriate resource. It is imperative that these actions be implemented clandestinely and securely so that the USG and American hand be well hidden."

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The U.S. view of the coup continues to spark controversy. Beginning in late 2014 in response to a request by Senate Armed Services Committee Chair

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Allende's Cuban-trained guard would have had about 300 elite commando-trained GAP fighters at the time of the coup, according to a book of 2005 by

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Richard Norton-Taylor (1999). "Truth will out: Unearthing the declassified documents in America which give the lie to Lady Thatcher's outburst",

1542: 6939: 6109: 5111: 3041: 14729: 12993: 12562: 11627: 9136: 8945: 7088: 6851: 2253: 1927: 3088: 14900: 13021: 12813: 12620: 7398: 7120: 7017: 6459: 3269: 1729: 1607: 1532: 96: 8286: 5774: 5568: 5503:(in Spanish), vol. 3: El Chile contemporáneo. De 1925 a nuestros días (4th ed.), Santiago de Chile: Aguilar Chilena de Ediciones, 3060: 1157: 11617: 8812: 8802: 2999:. The CIA used ITT as a means of disguising the source of the illegitimate funding Allende's opponents received. On 28 September 1973, the 2350: 1834: 1805: 1778: 14380: 12327: 8660: 7444: 13653: 12505: 12447: 12412: 11898: 11751: 11591: 10478: 8208:"A 50 años del golpe de Estado en Chile, mandatarios y personalidades de todo el mundo se reúnen en La Moneda para los actos de homenaje" 7812: 4322: 3556: 2048: 1577: 1387: 1088: 7147: 5858: 5615: 4291: 2915:

Since Allende’s inauguration, U.S. policy has been to maintain maximum covert pressure to prevent the Allende regime’s consolidation. —

2635:(CODE). The internecine parliamentary conflict between the legislature and the executive branch paralyzed the activities of government. 15416: 12680: 12304: 11741: 11708: 11581: 6972: 6248: 3067: 2505: 1382: 1042: 1026: 749: 8538: 3807:. This entrance to the presidential palace had been erased during the repairs the dictatorship did to the building after the bombing. 14563: 14364: 14258: 13054: 12779: 12170: 11991: 11756: 11670: 8822: 3589: 3408: 2441: 1669: 1510: 993: 13537: 5965:"145. Memorandum From Director of Central Intelligence Colby to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger)" 5778: 5135: 3472:

Allende's widow and family escaped the military government and were accepted for exile in Mexico, where they remained for 17 years.

3215: 13047: 12419: 12025: 12016: 11622: 9655: 4234: 2104: 1884: 1869: 1829: 1824: 1800: 1795: 1773: 1768: 1753: 1446: 1439: 14030: 13123: 5646:"el Presidente de la República y a los señores Ministros de Estado y miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas y del Cuerpo de Carabineros" 2965: 1083: 15406: 12943: 12768: 12657: 12636: 11058: 9702: 8436: 4779: 4539: 3074: 2949: 1788: 907: 66: 14194: 8653: 7379: 6968: 6082: 5321: 1132: 862: 14596: 12841: 12519: 12127: 11938: 11551: 9823: 7829:

Empresa Exportadora de Azucar (Cubazucar) v Industria Azucarera Nacional SA (IANSA) (England, Court of Appeal, Civil Division.)

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Jack Devine & Peter Kornbluh, 'Showdown in Santiago: What Really Happened in Chile?', Foreign Affairs 93 (2014), 168-174.

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Ferrada de Noli Marcello (2021), Fighting Pinochet. Libertarian Books Europe, Stockholm / Bergamo. ISBN 978-91-88747-00-6.

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Sigmund, P.E. (1986). "Development Strategies in Chile, 1964–1983: The Lessons of Failure", Chapter 6 in I.J. Kim (Ed.),

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be allegedly kidnapped from the hospital and disappeared. In November 2006, the Associated Press noted that more than 15

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surrounded La Moneda presidential palace with his tank regiment and failed to depose the Allende Government. That failed

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Informe de la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación", Volume I, Page 441, Santiago, Chile, 1991. (SM, V, Chro)

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and GAP continued to fight the following day. It has been put forward that, in all, 46 of Allende's guard (the GAP,

1171: 1078: 15476: 15441: 14422: 14066: 12855: 12790: 11736: 10463: 10458: 9953: 9916: 9645: 9091: 8782: 6179: 4749:"Hortensia Bussi De Allende: Widow of Salvador Allende who helped lead opposition to Chile's military dictatorship" 3896: 3612:" while others were "extremists who had attacked the armed forces with firearms". The photo was reproduced 2013 in 3496: 3486: 3121: 1734: 1201: 1147: 867: 155: 14501: 14490: 13931: 13883: 13804: 13789: 13769: 13703: 13688: 13668: 13544: 13511: 13460: 13415: 13354: 13158: 10141: 10003: 9687: 6998: 5448: 5382: 2712: 2684: 1990:

was established, and suspended all political activities in Chile and suppressed left-wing movements, particularly

1166: 1137: 555: 15356: 14993: 14865: 14845: 14756: 14737: 14609: 14189: 13086: 12892: 12576: 12491: 12475: 12433: 12290: 12099: 12092: 12085: 12078: 12071: 11918: 11183: 10564: 10493: 10393: 10271: 10043: 10033: 9620: 9007: 3516: 2858: 2406: 2368: 2187: 2064: 626: 573: 476: 418: 14463: 14173: 13995: 13941: 13921: 13868: 13824: 13819: 13799: 13794: 13774: 13574: 13445: 13425: 13349: 13303: 13287: 13267: 9958: 9845: 9833: 8787: 6308: 5662:"La Cámara de Diputados de Chile lee la resolución de 1973 que acusó de inconstitucional al Gobierno de Allende" 4720: 3466: 3169: 2700: 850: 330: 15451: 15058: 14386: 13713: 13435: 12929: 12922: 12526: 11701: 10614: 10383: 9963: 9865: 9598: 9042: 9037: 8843: 8710: 8486: 8137:"Gabriel Boric y cuatro ex presidentes firmaron un "compromiso por la democracia" a 50 años del golpe en Chile" 8085: 7233: 4651: 4631: 4348: 4221: 3648: 3045: 2519: 2498: 2327: 2056: 1662: 1019: 187: 14163: 14076: 13638: 13323: 13308: 10283: 9524: 9296: 8562: 6814: 6181:

Sing a Battle Song: The Revolutionary Poetry, Statements, and Communiques of the Weather Underground 1970-1974

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Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America

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and aides were taken from the palace during the coup and are still unaccounted for; in 2006 Augusto Pinochet

3081: 2889: 1913: 1739: 1587: 10008: 9717: 9640: 9311: 4486: 2010:(MIR). Pinochet swiftly consolidated power and was officially declared president of Chile in late 1974. The 15032: 14988: 14835: 14786: 14641: 14374: 14158: 14143: 14122: 14045: 14035: 13926: 13878: 13663: 13385: 13359: 12908: 12901: 12440: 12382: 11787: 10594: 10554: 10524: 10473: 10333: 10251: 10247: 10118: 10048: 9813: 9630: 9396: 9291: 9223: 6415: 6069:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume XXI, Chile, 1969–1973 - Office of the Historian" 4318: 3792: 3577: 3180:

presidential palace. When Defense Minister Letelier arrived at the Ministry of Defense, controlled by Adm.

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article, the U.S. Senate opened an investigation into U.S. interference in Chile. A report prepared by the

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and rejecting offers of safe passage for exile. Although he died in the palace, the exact circumstances of

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Affairs, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Inter-American (1975).

3164:, General of the Air Force, did not answer Allende's telephone calls to them. The General Director of the 15481: 15421: 15315: 15240: 15169: 14681: 14626: 12885: 12643: 12007: 11913: 11566: 11038: 11033: 10750: 10428: 10156: 9901: 9860: 9804: 9707: 9588: 9546: 9451: 8976: 8930: 7733: 7701: 5900: 5249: 4665:"CIA Acknowledges Ties to Pinochet's Repression: Report to Congress Reveals U.S. Accountability in Chile" 3656: 3565: 2937: 2609: 2210: 2113: 1434: 1320: 1142: 835: 7981: 7828: 7569: 5429:, "The body of the text reflects information available as of 31 March 1994." Accessed 22 September 2006. 4204: 3799:, Santiago, was renamed Avenida 11 de Septiembre in 1980. In the 30th anniversary of the coup President 3625: 2638:

Allende began to fear his opponents, convinced they were plotting his assassination. Using his daughter

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Empresa Exportadora de Azucar v. Industria Azucarera Nacional S.A. (The Playa Larga and Marble Islands)

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to stay calm and "not do as Allende". Argentine students protested the coup at the Chilean embassy in

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La misión era matar: el juicio a la caravana Pinochet-Arellano, By Jorge Escalante Hidalgo, Page 43,

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A Century of Revolution: Insurgent and Counterinsurgent Violence during Latin America's Long Cold War

3443: 3332:, who survived to publicize in the UK the human rights violations in Chile. Among those detained was 3285: 3239: 3133: 2525: 2491: 2421: 2411: 2286: 2084: 2019: 1597: 1355: 1012: 963: 892: 465: 303: 212: 150: 13683: 8112:"50 Years After the Coup in Chile, the U.S. Has Finally Declassified Documents Relating to Its Role" 8058: 7682:"Flagship military university hired foreign officers linked to human rights abuses in Latin America" 7428:

Vial Correa, Gonzalo (23 September 2003). "Carlos Altamirano, el Plan Z y la "Operación Blanqueo"".

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The secret government: the Constitution in crisis : with excerpts from "An essay on Water-gate"

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rifle. The team was composed of international forensic experts to assure an independent evaluation.

3233:. Pinochet ordered an armoured and infantry force under General Sergio Arellano to advance upon the 2047:

described the 1973 coup as one of the most violent events in Chilean history. It led to a series of

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estimated 40,000 Chileans were tortured under the Pinochet regime in the years following the coup.

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had not attempted to discourage, and died three days later.) General Prats supported the legalist

2604:, who had been assassinated (Schneider had been shot on 22 October 1970 by a group led by General 1152: 15159: 14885: 14825: 14105: 13974: 13070: 13030: 13014: 12984: 12726: 12696: 11943: 10488: 10433: 10418: 10358: 10166: 10146: 9906: 9583: 9188: 7786: 7705: 7247: 6383: 5969: 5844: 5576: 4802:"Chile's Coup at 50: Kissinger Briefed Nixon on Failed 1970 CIA Plot to Block Allende Presidency" 3955: 3877: 3259: 3034: 2676:

who were in power in 1969 committed the error of not taking the military's grievances seriously.

1706: 1687: 1058: 646: 13506: 9391: 6578: 6357:"Chile Issues Report on Pinochet Torture | Article from AP Online | HighBeam Research" 6134:

The Pinochet File: How U.S. Politicians, Banks and Corporations Aided Chilean Coup, Dictatorship

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was murdered, along with 70 other people in a series of killings perpetrated by the death squad

2711:) were overthrown in US-backed coups and replaced by military governments. In June 1973 Uruguay 2668:. The Tacnazo was not a proper coup, but a protest against under-funding. In retrospect General 2600:, into the government as Interior Minister, an appeasement to the right wing. replacing General 1288: 15396: 15280: 15022: 14890: 13475: 13313: 13038: 12689: 12345: 11923: 11278: 10782: 10176: 9850: 9326: 9086: 9081: 8874: 8287:"Chile president defends democracy 50 years after coup ushered in brutal military dictatorship" 7854:"A cuarenta años del golpe militar en Chile. Reflexiones en torno a conmemoraciones y memorias" 3972: 3773: 3695:

condemned the coup calling it a "fatality for the continent". Before the coup Perón had warned

3680: 3560:, or Plan Z) that Allende's government or its associates were purportedly preparing. Historian 2933: 2764: 2757: 2149: 2119: 1693: 1645: 1127: 14227: 12253: 11488: 8756: 6485:

Pérez de Arce, Hermógenes (15 January 2006). "Michelle Bachelet, ¿quién es realmente usted?".

5933:

said. 'Well, we didn't – as you know – our hand doesn't show on this one,' the president said.

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Porpora, Douglas V.; Nikolaev, Alexander G.; May, Julia Hagemann; Jenkins, Alexander (2013).

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State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies)

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the military killed thousands of Chilean leftists, both real and suspected, or forced their "

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Armed forces put the country under military control. Little and unorganized civil resistance.

8478: 7565: 6032: 4851:"Salvador Allende's Brief Experiment in Radical Democracy in Chile Began 50 Years Ago Today" 3692: 15426: 15225: 15126: 15121: 15048: 15017: 15005: 14771: 14538: 14451: 14294: 13964: 13898: 13809: 13470: 13000: 12276: 11053: 10820: 10675: 10629: 10544: 10539: 10338: 10237: 10186: 10181: 10073: 10028: 9983: 9921: 9752: 9727: 9677: 9605: 9519: 9369: 8971: 8950: 8635: 7352:"Don Francisco contó desconocido episodio vivido el día después al golpe de Estado de 1973" 6819: 6463: 4056: 3895:

On the day of the anniversary, Boric, Bachelet, and many world leaders, including Mexico's

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During the decades prior to the coup, the military became influenced by the United States'

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through torture, murder, and exile, which significantly weakened leftist opposition to the

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The Murder of Chile: Eyewitness Accounts of the Coup, the Terror, and the Resistance Today

6046: 4982: 3605: 3230: 3148:, to ensure he could not thwart the opposition. Leadership of the Navy was transferred to 8: 15436: 15330: 15220: 15053: 14965: 14950: 14646: 14358: 14284: 12970: 12705: 12198: 11746: 11498: 11413: 11408: 11308: 11171: 10968: 10852: 10767: 10655: 10508: 10503: 10483: 10468: 10378: 10373: 10278: 10211: 10201: 10113: 10108: 10098: 9998: 9938: 9911: 9737: 9722: 9692: 9670: 9456: 9446: 9173: 9096: 9066: 9050: 8797: 8447: 7407: 6555: 6437: 5013: 4163: 4114: 4107: 4077: 4043: 3543: 3000: 1623: 988: 802: 782: 721: 593: 13733: 10353: 10266: 6274:. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA: The University of North Carolina Press. p. 11. 5198:"Chile's Attempt at Democratic Socialism Combined State Action and Bottom-Up Initiative" 4242: 3889: 15300: 15252: 15230: 15215: 15179: 14983: 14960: 14940: 14875: 14813: 14657: 14457: 14288: 13229: 12977: 11652: 11448: 11433: 11358: 11338: 11333: 11318: 11165: 10913: 10665: 10549: 10303: 10206: 10191: 10103: 10093: 10068: 10063: 9828: 9782: 9697: 9682: 9625: 9441: 9364: 9240: 9131: 9121: 8695: 8579: 8551: 7756: 7317: 5944: 5728: 4904: 4523: 4028: 3796: 3569:

existing paramilitary plans of the Popular Unity parties in support of its legitimacy.

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did not allow a person to be president for consecutive terms. The incumbent president,

2268: 2215: 1957: 1953: 1122: 1068: 948: 716: 603: 562: 11348: 11177: 8261:"Chile president defends democracy 50 years after coup ushered in brutal dictatorship" 8025:"Chile: oposición no asistirá al acto del Gobierno de conmemoración del golpe militar" 7870: 7853: 7383: 6086: 3791:(lit. Flame of Liberty) to commemorate the coup. This flame was extinguished in 2004. 701: 15310: 15247: 15146: 15080: 15072: 14919: 14761: 14665: 14000: 13554: 13138: 12954: 12862: 12461: 12040: 11866: 11802: 11665: 11518: 11463: 11438: 11393: 11323: 11298: 11263: 11253: 11222: 11109: 10993: 10963: 10700: 10690: 10604: 10498: 10343: 10058: 9855: 9712: 9665: 9563: 9514: 9488: 9466: 9306: 9286: 9230: 9218: 9032: 8867: 8725: 8482: 8442: 8411: 7760: 7356: 7321: 7313: 7174: 6976: 6884: 6686: 6682:

The Nixon Administration and the Death of Allende's Chile: A Case of Assisted Suicide

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Post-Ethical Society: The Iraq War, Abu Ghraib, and the Moral Failure of the Secular

5136:"'The other 9/11': As US marks attack anniversary, another infamous milestone looms" 4825:"Previously classified documents released by U.S. show knowledge of 1973 Chile coup" 3989: 2617: 2601: 1975:, faced significant social unrest, political tension with the opposition-controlled 15349: 15272: 15174: 15109: 14880: 14855: 14830: 14705: 14617: 14468: 14433: 14300: 14148: 13738: 13527: 12548: 12230: 12206: 11838: 11797: 11782: 11777: 11717: 11428: 11353: 11283: 11268: 11248: 11195: 10978: 10973: 10953: 10903: 10893: 10720: 10685: 10670: 10619: 10348: 10288: 10128: 9787: 9767: 9476: 9418: 9412: 9379: 9359: 9349: 9198: 8999: 8991: 8792: 8751: 8746: 7865: 7748: 7486: 7309: 7279:

La Prensa Chilena En La Encrucijada: Entre La Voz Monocorde Y La Revolución Digital

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On the day of the coup, the only high-ranking military officers to remain loyal to

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The centre-left opposition refused to attend the commemoration event organized by

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extrajudicial killings of civilians, are stunning, and they are repulsive", said

3396: 2992: 2920: 2907: 2639: 2144: 2026: 1628: 1547: 1537: 1239: 817: 651: 598: 9610: 4323:"'Our major interest is copper': Britain backed Pinochet's bloody coup in Chile" 3573: 2593: 812: 15365: 15325: 15305: 15262: 15205: 14673: 14474: 13873: 12214: 12191: 12177: 11473: 11398: 11388: 11383: 11243: 10983: 10772: 10695: 10423: 10328: 10078: 10018: 9650: 9568: 9471: 9431: 9401: 9301: 9256: 8705: 8567: 8464: 7538:"Personal testimony by a revolutionary professor on the military coup in Chile" 7049: 6707: 6631: 6138: 5791: 4613: 4093: 4049: 3983: 3961: 3864:

Ahead of the 50th anniversary of the coup in 2023, the United States under the

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official; he was tortured and died on 12 March 1974, the right-wing newspaper,

3329: 3295: 2866: 2810: 2745: 2720: 2585: 2577: 2543: 2477: 2172: 1987: 1640: 1612: 1520: 1515: 1399: 897: 498: 493: 7778: 7695: 6880:

Latin America's Wars Volume II: The Age of the Professional Soldier, 1900–2001

5838: 5096: 4694: 4664: 3916: 3303: 15385: 12426: 11961: 11833: 11828: 11637: 11483: 11378: 11343: 11328: 11288: 10830: 10660: 10398: 10308: 10171: 10151: 10038: 9799: 9777: 9742: 9321: 9316: 9271: 9193: 9153: 8902: 8761: 8474: 7282: 7228: 7178: 6964: 6295: 5724: 5221: 4900: 4623: 4535: 4498: 4004: 3994: 3904: 3881: 3873: 3800: 3670: 3380: 3299: 3290: 3226: 3161: 2916: 2605: 2071:

in the United States, it has sometimes been referred to as "the other 9/11".

1592: 1303: 958: 953: 925: 902: 777: 772: 661: 366: 279: 8623:

was created from a revision of this article dated 27 November 2017

7043: 6766:"Chile court upholds Pinochet bail in one case, removes immunity in another" 6734:"Pinochet indicted for deaths of Allende bodyguards, put under house arrest" 5555:

Estado de guerra – de la gestación del golpe del 73 a la caída de Bordaberry

5061: 4292:"EXCLUSIVE: SECRET CABLES REVEAL BRITAIN INTERFERED WITH ELECTIONS IN CHILE" 3125: 2584:

policies that increased the amount of circulating currency and devalued the

2573:, alarming American observers worried about the "Chilean Way to Socialism". 15370: 15151: 15090: 15085: 14975: 14168: 12468: 11893: 11823: 11423: 11373: 11303: 11293: 11147: 11135: 11122: 10928: 10755: 10256: 9504: 9354: 9213: 9208: 9203: 8909: 8817: 8715: 8493: 7665: 7644: 7542: 7449: 7208: 7199: 7125: 7072: 6388: 6018: 5076: 3768:

cargo. Subsequent appeals by both parties were dismissed. In regard to the

3731:(delivery in Chile was underway but was not completed before the ship left) 3700: 3613: 3320: 2953: 2871: 2849:

were Admiral Montero of the Navy and General Sepúlveda of the Carabineros.

2831: 2669: 2656: 2643: 2597: 2589: 2566: 2463: 2205: 1559: 1107: 319: 252: 247: 20: 8190:"Politically divided Chile commemorates 50th anniversary of military coup" 5840:

The Secret Government – The Constitution In Crisis -Bill Moyers (PBS 1987)

4954: 4644:

Nixon, Kissinger, and Allende: U.S. Involvement in the 1973 Coup in Chile.

4168:"Chapter 5: "Industrial repression" and Operation Condor in Latin America" 3225:

Leigh ordered the presidential palace bombed but was told the Air Force's

3120:

By 6:00 am on 11 September 1973, a date chosen to match a historical

14650: 14480: 14305: 13521: 12583: 12184: 12113: 11468: 11073: 11043: 10898: 10888: 10787: 10650: 10443: 9932: 9762: 9747: 9558: 9406: 9374: 9261: 9076: 8981: 8920: 7893: 6487: 6044: 5589:, originally on RebelYouth.ca. Unsigned, but with citations. Archived on 5041: 4205:

The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy

4086: 3924: 3753: 3512: 3346: 3007: 2987: 2964:

The other approach of the CIA in 1970 (but not later), also known as the

2134: 2034: 1498: 691: 686: 8470:

The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability

7752: 7068:"Chilean president Salvador Allende committed suicide, autopsy confirms" 5996:

The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability

5418: 4619:

The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability

3927:, who said that the United States "shares responsibility" for the coup. 3703:, where part of them chanted that they were "ready to cross the Andes" ( 3172:, and the head of the Investigations Police (plain clothes detectives), 13888: 12539: 11227: 10938: 10908: 10862: 10777: 10745: 10737: 10680: 10368: 10083: 9772: 9660: 9266: 8730: 5732: 5700: 5475:(2nd ed.). Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. pp. 213–214. 5426: 4698: 4147:

The only armed resistance came in a handful of factories, the La Legua

4022: 3644: 3596: 3561: 3048: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2995:

owned 70% of Chitelco (the Chilean Telephone Company), and also funded

2977: 2928: 2842:, which posited that the Allende–Armed Forces phase was not necessary. 2739: 2182: 2044: 1745: 1493: 739: 55: 12269: 9881: 8368:

The Pinochet Generation: The Chilean Military in the Twentieth Century

8339:"A divided Chile marks 50 years since Pinochet's bloody military coup" 5767: 5765: 5763: 5346:, CIA, Center for the Study of Intelligence. Retrieved 21 August 2007. 4908: 4876: 3361:, a multi-partisan truth commission, in 1991 reported the location of 196: 14210: 14081: 13480: 13143: 11523: 11368: 11217: 11190: 11003: 10958: 10867: 10835: 10815: 10807: 10136: 9926: 8563:

11 September 1973, When US-Backed Pinochet Forces Took Power in Chile

8526:

Development and Underdevelopment: The Political Economy of Inequality

8500: 7920: 7640:"Unpunished U.S. Southern Command role in '09 Honduran military coup" 7570:

https://archive.org/details/fighting-pinochet/Fighting%20Pinochet%20/

7297: 4175: 4170:. In Esparza, Marcia; Henry R. Huttenbach; Daniel Feierstein (eds.). 3908: 3804: 3717: 3404: 2940:, agents of which allegedly secured the missiles used to bombard the 2688: 1995: 1991: 1979:. On 11 September 1973, a group of military officers, led by General 744: 621: 487: 482: 7639: 5716: 4597:

Winn, Peter (2010). Grandin & Joseph, Greg & Gilbert (ed.).

3242:

fighting troops, but later police sources reported he had committed

3023: 2783:

shortages of food and fuels, but they were dispersed with tear gas.

2588:, which increased inflation to 140 percent in 1972 and engendered a 2067:. Due to the coup's coincidental occurrence on the same date as the 15235: 13594: 13234: 12396: 11686: 11102: 10943: 10840: 10715: 10534: 10438: 9578: 9436: 8890: 7951:"Municipio cambia de señalética de avenida por "Nueva Providencia"" 5808: 5792:"The murder of Allende and the end of the Chilean way to socialism" 5760: 4892: 3978: 3419: 3415: 3229:

jet aircraft would take forty minutes to arrive from their base at

2723: 2660: 2581: 1967:

coalition government. Allende, who has been described as the first

37: 11808:

Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina

10222:

Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

3357:

After Gen. Pinochet lost the election in the 1988 plebiscite, the

14574: 14532: 13946: 13914: 13850: 11048: 10933: 10923: 10872: 10413: 9158: 8235:"Tom Morello goes to Chile for 50th anniversary of Pinochet coup" 7709: 7045:

The murder of Allende and the end of the Chilean way to socialism

5473:

Liberators, patriots, and leaders of Latin America 32 biographies

5318:"New declassified files shed light on US role in ousting Allende" 4071: 3491: 3362: 3243: 2704: 1968: 1186: 8382:

Marxism and democracy in Chile: From 1932 to the fall of Allende

8059:"Plantón a Piñera en el acto de conmemoración del golpe militar" 7916:"Apagan la "Llama Eterna de la Libertad" encendida por Pinochet" 7886:"Ministerio de Defensa pagará el gas de la llama de la libertad" 7121:"Exhumation fails to end mystery over death of Salvador Allende" 7018:"Exhumation fails to end mystery over death of Salvador Allende" 6940:"Chileans honor those tortured, killed after 1973 military coup" 14495: 14257: 13909: 11116: 10918: 10857: 9792: 7782: 7779:"DiFilm – Protesta de estudiantes en la Embajada de Chile 1973" 7774: 7477: 6028: 4349:"Remembering Canada's support for the right-wing coup in Chile" 2680: 509: 504: 471: 6178:

Ayers, Bill; Dohrn, Bernardine; Jones, Jeff (4 January 2011).

5859:"Estados Unidos niega en forma rotunda participación en golpe" 3823:'s right-wing government organizing instead a separate event. 3600:

published on its front page a photograph showing prisoners at

2726:

in the context of various cooperation programs, including the

14605: 13397: 13374: 11601: 11557:

American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation

11063: 10846: 8925: 8558:

US Dept. of State FOIA Church Report (Covert Action in Chile)

6045:

Ad Hoc Interagency Working Group on Chile (4 December 1970).

6024: 3454: 1181: 182: 120: 8519:

Development and Cultural Change: Cross-Cultural Perspectives

6579:"Pinochet stripped of immunity in torture, kidnapping cases" 5078:

Chile 1973, the Other 9/11: The Downfall of Salvador Allende

14528:

United States involvement in regime change in Latin America

14099: 13903: 12006: 11141: 11023: 8915: 8859: 8395:), Chilean Institute of Humanistic Studies (ICHEH) / CESOC. 7298:"A Weak Force: On the Chilean Dictatorship and Visual Arts" 5344:"CIA Machinations in Chile in 1970: Reexamining the Record" 4983:"National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 33" 4405:. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. pp. 4010:

United States involvement in regime change in Latin America

3284:". The military imprisoned 40,000 political enemies in the 3272:

were used as a detention and torture center after the coup.

3222:

and his refusal to resign his elected office under threat.

3003:

bombed ITT's headquarters in New York City in retaliation.

2696: 1971:

to be democratically elected president in a Latin American

430: 6714:. Dispositivo de Seguridad del Presidente Salvador Allende 6699: 4721:"From the archive: Allende 'dead' as generals seize power" 4439: 4437: 3006:

According to an article written by lifelong CIA operative

12849:

National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

11596: 11576: 11571: 7789:

from the original on 2 November 2021 – via YouTube.

7566:

https://libertarianbooks.eu/2021/05/20/fighting-pinochet/

5881:

Hostile Intent:U.S. Covert Operations in Chile, 1964–1974

5289: 5040:

Aguilera, Pilar; Fredes, Ricardo; Dorfman, Ariel (2003).

4849:

Lilley, Sasha; Schlotterbeck, Marian (4 September 2020).

4151:

in Santiago and in isolated gunfights with MIR activists.

2562: 12916:

Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

12713:

Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974

7583:"Chile's 1973 Coup, 40 Years Later: Observances, Part 2" 6529:"Chile's Pinochet Charged for Torture, Probed over Gold" 4564: 3756:

trade terms. Iansa sued Cubazukar for non-delivery. The

3465:. After reviewing the report, two forensic experts told 2786: 8552:

National Security Archive's Chile Documentation Project

8521:, New York: Paragon House Publishers, pp. 159–178. 7339:. New York: Everest House Publishers. pp. 208–236. 7204:"Junta general names himself as new President of Chile" 6384:"Right rejoices as general's foes vow to keep up fight" 6331:"Document #28: 'Final Speech,' Salvador Allende (1973)" 6110:"Edward Korry, 81, Is Dead; Falsely Tied to Chile Coup" 5809:

Bill D. Moyers; Henry Steele Commager (December 1990).

4434: 3653:

William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies

3546:

and Admiral Patricio Carvajal, published a book titled

3324:

Pictures of persons missing after the 1973 Chilean coup

2771:

For months, the government had feared calling upon the

2038:; the Chilean period prior to the coup is known as the 16:

Overthrow of President Salvador Allende by the military

12762:

Emergency Daylight Saving Time Energy Conservation Act

7531: 7529: 6708:"El Regreso de los GAP – La Vida por Salvador Allende" 6632:"El Regreso de los GAP – La Vida por Salvador Allende" 5439: 5437: 5435: 3748:(hire was cancelled before the cargo had been loaded). 3379:

and Víctor Jara Stadium. Later, in November 2004, the

2838:, and Javier Palacios formed another group, joined by 2763:

In August 1973, a constitutional crisis occurred; the

2051:, who initiated a brutal and long-lasting campaign of 12614:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

8675: 5226:

Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II

5039: 4941:. In Grandin & Joseph, Greg & Gilbert (ed.). 3414:

On the military side, there were 34 deaths: two army

3176:

answered Allende's calls and immediately went to the

2952:

approach, in which the CIA, with the approval of the

2756:

tank putsch – had been organized by the nationalist "

2649: 19:"11 de Septiembre" redirects here. For the date, see 7445:"Los informes secretos de la CIA sobre Jaime Guzmán" 5989: 5987: 5883:. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books. pp. 12, 203. 5373: 5371: 4592: 4590: 4588: 3576:

was by then already tasked to study the creation of

14340:

United States involvement in the Mexican Revolution

12734:

Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act of 1972

12390:

Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants

8512:

How Allende fell: A study in U.S.–Chilean relations

8459:

National Security Decision 93: Policy Towards Chile

7526: 7089:"Chile TV: Secret report suggests Allende murdered" 6870: 6712:

Salvador Allende GAP. Aporte a la memoria histórica

6404: 6335:

Modern Latin America, 8th Edition Companion Website

5432: 4848: 3872:The week before the anniversary, Chilean President 3764:cargo and to restitution of the price paid for the 2623:Despite the declining economy, President Allende's 983:

National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons

11959: 8433:Operating guidance cable on coup plotting in Chile 8259:Vergara, Eva; Politi, Daniel (11 September 2023). 7708:from the original on 22 December 2021 – via 7400:Comisión Nacional sobre Prisión Política y Tortura 7154:. 14 September 1973 – via Google Newspapers. 5865:. 13 September 1973 – via Google Newspapers. 5810: 5277:The Chilean Revolution: Conversations with Allende 4881:Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 4747: 3604:Camp who had been captured during the fighting in 2063:held under the military junta led to the peaceful 2025:In 2023 declassified documents showed that Nixon, 857:Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations 7858:Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales 7815:, n.d., archived 4 May 2014, accessed 27 May 2021 7505: 6906:In Chile, a New Generation Revisits Haunted Space 6876: 6438:"Chile's Bachelet visits site of her own torture" 6430: 5984: 5499:Sagredo, Rafael; Gazmuri, Cristián, eds. (2005), 5419:Development and Breakdown of Democracy, 1830–1973 5368: 5081:. Solihull, West Midlands: Helion & Company. 4585: 4524:"Controversial legacy of former Chilean dictator" 4235:"Brazil Conspired with U.S. to Overthrow Allende" 3354:detention and torture centre on 10 January 1975. 15383: 13146:, and attempted coups in the Americas since 1900 11542:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 8406:(in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Santiago de Chile: 7680:Hart, Julia; Smith, R. Jeffrey (31 March 2015). 7659:Taylor, Marisa; Hall, Kevin G. (27 March 2015). 7589:. Canadian International Council. Archived from 5701:"The Politics of the Allende Overthrow in Chile" 4373:Engler, Yves; Schalk, Owen (10 September 2023). 2936:. Other authors point to the involvement of the 2655:time in military leisure-time facilities (e.g., 1983:, seized power in a coup, ending civilian rule. 1103:1959–2000 assassination attempts on Fidel Castro 12879:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 12741:Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 9979:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 9386:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 8541:, Salvador-Allende.cl, originally published in 8510:James F. Petras & Morris H. Morley (1974). 7847: 7845: 7843: 7841: 7839: 7837: 7831:, 2 Lloyd's Rep. 171, accessed 27 November 2022 7514:. Stockholm, Sweden (published 13 October 2018) 6678: 6272:Allende's Chile and the Inter-American Cold War 6177: 6022:Chili, le Dossier Noir. (Chile: The Black File) 4037:The Border Crossing: Der Übergang, a DEFA drama 3876:, along with all four living former presidents— 3548:El Libro Blanco del cambio de gobierno en Chile 3184:, he was arrested as the first prisoner of the 2561:, was therefore ineligible as a candidate. The 12563:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 8445:(1979). "Dictatorships and Double Standards", 8083: 8005: 8003: 8001: 7999: 6852:"Mártires De Las Ff.Aa., De Orden Y Seguridad" 5498: 4662: 4241:. George Washington University. Archived from 2803: 2642:as a messenger, he explained the situation to 1143:1965–66 Indonesia, Transition to the New Order 14590: 14243: 13124: 12621:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 11992: 11702: 8875: 8661: 8373:Simon Collier & William F. Sater (1996). 8258: 7945: 7943: 7924:(in Spanish). 19 October 2004. Archived from 7878: 7613:"2011 National Household Survey: Data tables" 6484: 6270:Harmer, Tanya (2011). Odd Arne Westad (ed.). 5642: 5640: 5539: 5537: 5248:. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from 4945:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. p. 4812:– via The George Washington University. 4790:– via The George Washington University. 4695:"Salvador Allende's Last Speech – Wikisource" 4656: 4375:"Unmasking Canada's Role in the Chilean Coup" 3640:people and have a population of over 38,000. 2627:coalition increased its vote to 43.2% in the 2499: 1921: 1261: 1020: 11618:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 9169:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 8803:Attempted assassination of Bernardo Leighton 8528:, Boulder: Lynnes Rienner, pp. 203–216. 7834: 7442: 7087:Vegara, Eva; Warren, Michael (31 May 2011). 7086: 6247:. La Tercera Edición Impresa. Archived from 5660:Agouborde, María Victoria (23 August 2023). 5274: 4782:. National Security Archive. 3 November 2020 4372: 3776:and therefore Cubazukar were not in breach. 14259:United States intervention in Latin America 12835:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act 12448:Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 12413:Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 10479:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 8052: 8050: 7996: 7725: 7697:Chilean 70's torture survivor seeks justice 7506:Diario La Tercera, Chile (6 October 1973). 7499: 7427: 7382:(Report). 18 September 2000. Archived from 6969:"Chile: The Continuing Historical Conflict" 5938: 5781:on Wikisource. Retrieved 22 September 2006. 5336: 4976: 4974: 2859:U.S. intervention in Chile § 1973 coup 2059:(1973–1990). The internationally supported 2049:human rights abuses in Chile under Pinochet 15472:United States involvement in regime change 15412:Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990) 14597: 14583: 14545:Nicaragua's case against the United States 14250: 14236: 13131: 13117: 12681:Securities Investor Protection Corporation 11999: 11985: 11709: 11695: 11582:United States involvement in regime change 9137:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 8882: 8868: 8668: 8654: 8370:. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 7940: 7658: 7464: 7224:"Economist.com – Country Briefings: Chile" 6973:World Association of International Studies 6789:"Martires y Victimas de la Unidad Popular" 6478: 6151: 5637: 5534: 5494: 5492: 5195: 5002: 5000: 4874: 4804:. National Security Archive. 8 August 2023 4603:. Duke University Press. pp. 270–271. 4487:"Chile: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream" 4015: 3986:– secret CIA operations to unseat Allende. 3538:In the months that followed the coup, the 3480: 3302:. In October 1973, the Chilean songwriter 2985:against Allende, channeled mostly through 2506: 2492: 1928: 1914: 1268: 1254: 1027: 1013: 12651:Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act 8084:Peter Kornbluh, ed. (11 September 2017). 7869: 7679: 7490: 7380:Hinchey Report on CIA Activities in Chile 7349: 7295: 7276: 6551:"Chile Leader Visits Site of Her Torture" 6381: 6152:Montgomery, Paul L. (29 September 1973). 5878: 5752:U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 5659: 5170:(in Spanish). p. 120. Archived from 4980: 4930: 4875:Nogee, Joseph L.; Sloan, John W. (1979). 4822: 3686: 3108:Learn how and when to remove this message 2919:, September 16, 1973, in a memorandum to 2679:Throughout the 1960s, the governments of 994:Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet 12420:Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 11970:) is being considered for deletion. See 8631:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 8614: 8461:, Washington: National Security Council. 8426:Globalisation and the postcolonial world 8398: 8377:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 8047: 7978:"La Moneda abrió su puerta a la memoria" 7807: 7805: 7637: 7535: 7470: 7443:Basso Prieto, Carlos (5 November 2013). 7390: 7148:"Mexico dio asilo a la viuda de Allende" 6705: 6629: 5993: 5698: 5161:"El Partido Socialista de Chile Tomo II" 5074: 5009:"Now open – Pinochet's torture chambers" 4971: 4162: 3855: 3572:A document from September 13 shows that 3490: 3319: 3263: 1372:36th Vice President of the United States 1177:1979–1992 Afghanistan, Operation Cyclone 14625: 12944:Water Resources Development Act of 1974 12769:Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act 12658:Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 12637:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission 9708:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 8404:La Conjura: Los mil y un días del golpe 8109: 8056: 8011:"Protesta a 40 años del golpe en Chile" 7851: 7580: 7334: 7118: 7015: 6245:"El balcón del adiós | Reportajes" 6216: 5745: 5489: 5110:Osborn, Catherine (10 September 2021). 5006: 4997: 4924:Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA 4745: 4450:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 3803:inaugurated the Morandé 80 entrance to 3156:and executive officer to Adm. Montero. 3139:President Allende and Defense Minister 2852: 2074: 908:Navy Petty-Officers School of Mechanics 15462:September 1973 events in South America 15402:Central Intelligence Agency operations 15384: 12842:National Ambient Air Quality Standards 12520:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 11939:University of Chile Student Federation 11552:Russian espionage in the United States 9824:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 8849:Human rights violations under Pinochet 8187: 7773: 7731: 7638:Andersen, Martin Edwin (24 May 2016). 7272: 7270: 7268: 7060: 6963: 6269: 6217:Laborde, Antonia (11 September 2023). 5920:"Robert Dallek on Nixon and Kissinger" 5546: 5109: 4921: 4346: 4317: 4289: 4140: 3787:On 11 September 1975 Pinochet lit the 2616:and refused military involvement in a 2254:Colonization of the Strait of Magellan 2061:1989 Chilean constitutional referendum 14578: 14564:Latin America–United States relations 14231: 13112: 12798:Environmental Quality Improvement Act 12570:Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1970 12455:Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act 11980: 11690: 11547:Soviet espionage in the United States 9703:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 9482:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 9147:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 8863: 8649: 8573:Miliband, Ralph (11 September 2015). 8232: 7975: 7802: 7041: 6938:Fison, Maryrose (12 September 2013). 6937: 6706:Carvallo, Mauricio (September 1999). 6651: 6630:Carvallo, Mauricio (September 1999). 6605:"Pinochet Stripped of Legal Immunity" 6212: 6210: 6107: 5962: 5917: 5874: 5872: 5847:from the original on 2 November 2021. 5608: 5552: 5470: 5153: 5007:Collins, Stephen (16 December 2000). 4780:"Allende and Chile: 'Bring Him Down'" 4675:from the original on 28 November 2006 4447:Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey 4443: 4398: 4283: 4263: 4196: 3742:for Chile but was diverted elsewhere) 3590:Armed resistance in Chile (1973–1990) 3583: 3294:(disappeared) were the U.S. citizens 2901:1970—probably appeared to condone it. 2787:Resolution by the Chamber of Deputies 15392:1970s coups d'état and coup attempts 14851:Fjords, channels, sounds and straits 14417:Occupation of the Dominican Republic 14411:Occupation of the Dominican Republic 12360:Minority Business Development Agency 11884:Families of the Detained-Disappeared 11716: 11623:Soviet Union–United States relations 9974:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 8505:Socialism, Economics and Development 8387:Ignacio González Camus, ed. (1988). 8233:Mango, Agustín (11 September 2023). 7908: 7799:Law No. 1256 of the Republic of Cuba 7536:Romelsjö, Anders (13 October 2018). 7198: 7164: 6184:. Seven Stories Press. p. 257. 6047:"Memorandum for Mr. Henry Kissinger" 5501:Historia de la vida privada en Chile 4936: 4718: 4663:Peter Kornbluh (19 September 2000). 4596: 4521: 4257: 4232: 3336:(father of future Chilean President 3328:Those include the British physician 3046:adding citations to reliable sources 3017: 2886:United States Intelligence Community 14559:Foreign policy of the United States 12902:Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement 12667:Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act 12374:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act 12305:Prevention of Nuclear War Agreement 11587:Soviet involvement in regime change 8691:United States intervention in Chile 8384:, New Haven: Yale University Press. 8110:Johnson, Jake (11 September 2023). 8057:Barreno, Jorge (9 September 2013). 7265: 6531:. Globalpolicy.org. 27 October 2006 6049:. United States Department of State 5899:, 18 September 2000, archived from 5775:La respuesta del Presidente Allende 5616:"The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream" 5423:Library of Congress Country Studies 5238: 4823:Wilkinson, Tracy (29 August 2023). 4719:Gott, Richard (12 September 2009). 4101:ReMastered: Massacre at the Stadium 4000:United States intervention in Chile 3851: 3810: 3542:, with authoring work by historian 1430:37th President of the United States 13: 14604: 14371:Separation of Panama from Colombia 12755:Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act 12674:Securities Investor Protection Act 12607:Occupational Safety and Health Act 12591:Economic Stabilization Act of 1970 12513:District of Columbia Home Rule Act 11899:Committee of Cooperation for Peace 11628:Soviet Union–United States summits 9102:1947 Polish parliamentary election 8987:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 8601: 8188:Genoux, Flora (8 September 2023). 8031:. 1 September 2013. Archived from 7350:Contreras, Emilio (13 July 2017). 6503:"Chile head revisits torture site" 6207: 5869: 5215: 5196:Schweitzer, Oren (18 March 2023). 4347:Engler, Yves (11 September 2018). 4290:McEvoy, John (22 September 2020). 3950:1970 Chilean presidential election 3930:At the commemoration, Boric said: 3836:planned to spend the day visiting 3662:Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional 3437: 3013: 2650:Chilean military prior to the coup 2629:March 1973 parliamentary elections 2532:1970 Chilean presidential election 841:Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional 14: 15493: 12870:Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970 12805:National Environmental Policy Act 11974:to help reach a consensus. › 10389:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 10324:United States invasion of Grenada 9594:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 9535:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 8823:Indictment and arrest of Pinochet 8808:Assassination of Orlando Letelier 8532: 6903: 6772:. 11 January 2006. Archived from 5963:Colby, W.E. (16 September 1973). 5648:Acuerdo de la Cámara de Diputados 4571:. Allen & Unwin. p. 36. 4565:Genaro Arriagada Herrera (1988). 4264:Daley, Paul (10 September 2021). 3838:Museum of Memory and Human Rights 3705:dispuestos a cruzar la cordillera 3697:the more radical of his followers 3260:Forced disappearance § Chile 2888:in 2000, at the direction of the 2040:Presidential Republic (1925–1973) 1415:1962 California gubernatorial bid 1133:1963 South Vietnamese coup d'état 755:Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR) 750:People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) 14803: 12856:New Source Performance Standards 12791:Council on Environmental Quality 11909:Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front 10464:United States invasion of Panama 10314:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 9954:1971 Turkish military memorandum 9917:Communist insurgency in Thailand 9887:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 9819:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 9646:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 9574:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 9092:Restatement of Policy on Germany 8613: 8331: 8305: 8279: 8252: 8226: 8200: 8181: 8155: 8129: 8103: 8077: 8017: 7969: 7818: 7793: 7767: 7716: 7688: 7673: 7652: 7631: 7605: 7574: 7558: 7436: 7421: 7372: 7343: 7328: 7314:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.14.1.0099 7289: 7240: 7216: 7192: 7158: 7140: 7112: 7080: 7056:– via RRojasDatabank.info. 7035: 7009: 6991: 6957: 6931: 6897: 6844: 6835: 6807: 6786: 6780: 6758: 6726: 6672: 6645: 6382:MacAskill, Ewen (3 March 2000). 6309:"ROME NEWS TRIBUNE Sep 11, 1973" 6108:Stout, David (30 January 2003). 6085:. Foia.state.gov. Archived from 4542:from the original on 16 May 2008 3975:– secret KGB operations in Chile 3779: 3497:Government Junta of Chile (1973) 3487:Government Junta of Chile (1973) 3288:; among the tortured and killed 3022: 2728:U.S. Army School of the Americas 2571:a four-week state visit to Chile 2471: 2457: 2103: 1950:Golpe de Estado en Chile de 1973 1901: 1895: 1735:Center for the National Interest 1287: 1240:2012–2017 Syria, Timber Sycamore 868:Argentine Anticommunist Alliance 503: 492: 481: 470: 459: 447: 436: 423: 412: 401: 390: 371: 360: 349: 337: 324: 313: 293: 273: 234: 218: 206: 195: 181: 76: 65: 54: 12893:Coastal Zone Management Program 12814:Environmental Protection Agency 12577:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973 12492:Federal Contested Elections Act 12476:Drug Enforcement Administration 12434:End Stage Renal Disease Program 11919:Popular Unitary Action Movement 11752:Attempted assassination in 1986 11184:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 10565:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 10494:Fall of the inner German border 10394:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 10044:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 10034:Spanish transition to democracy 9994:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 9621:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 9127:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 9008:Occupation of the Baltic states 7492:10.4067/S0718-04622015000200006 7248:"Salvador Allende: Last speech" 6854:. 11 April 2008. Archived from 6623: 6597: 6571: 6543: 6521: 6495: 6452: 6440:. Alertnet.org. 6 November 2011 6375: 6349: 6323: 6301: 6288: 6263: 6237: 6198: 6171: 6145: 6127: 6101: 6075: 6061: 6038: 6012: 5956: 5911: 5887: 5851: 5831: 5802: 5784: 5739: 5692: 5680: 5653: 5596: 5561: 5525: 5516: 5464: 5425:: Chile. Undated; according to 5412: 5390: 5349: 5310: 5296:. University of Chicago Press. 5283: 5268: 5189: 5128: 5103: 5068: 5033: 4915: 4868: 4842: 4816: 4794: 4772: 4760:from the original on 1 May 2022 4739: 4712: 4687: 4636: 4607: 4568:Pinochet: The Politics of Power 4558: 4515: 4479: 4392: 3710: 3033:needs additional citations for 2824: 2188:Destruction of the Seven Cities 2065:Chilean transition to democracy 1730:Presidential Library and Museum 1118:1961 Cuba, Bay of Pigs Invasion 863:Serviço Nacional de Informações 627:National Reorganization Process 15407:Presidency of Salvador Allende 12930:Endangered Species Act of 1973 12923:Endangered Species Act of 1969 12527:Congressional Research Service 12107:VP confirmation of Gerald Ford 9964:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 9599:Mozambican War of Independence 9038:Indonesian National Revolution 8844:Criticisms of Salvador Allende 8711:Presidency of Salvador Allende 8514:, Nottingham: Spokesman Books. 7165:Gott, Richard (24 June 2009). 5953:, George Washington University 5918:Shane, Scott (18 April 2007), 4746:Davison, Phil (20 June 2009). 4522:Ross, Jen (12 December 2006). 4366: 4340: 4311: 4226: 4156: 4134: 3649:United States Southern Command 3276:In the first months after the 2520:Presidency of Salvador Allende 2057:military dictatorship of Chile 1207:1990s Iraq, failed coup d'état 1: 15417:Chile–United States relations 12748:Federal Energy Administration 12499:Federal Election Campaign Act 12284:Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 11562:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 10577:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 10530:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 10252:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 10217:Seven Days to the River Rhine 9949:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 9236:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 9164:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 8798:Assassination of Carlos Prats 8375:A History of Chile: 1808–1994 8360: 7871:10.1016/S0185-1918(14)70823-2 7508:"Los presos en la Quiriquina" 7232:. 2 July 2008. Archived from 7119:Carroll, Rory (5 June 2011). 7016:Carroll, Rory (5 June 2011). 5043:Chile: The Other September 11 4671:. National Security Archive. 3253: 2890:National Intelligence Council 1588:Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 1123:1961 Cuba, Operation Mongoose 228:Other working-class militants 15033:Comptroller General of Chile 12909:Marine Mammal Protection Act 12821:Clean Air Amendments of 1970 12441:Supplemental Security Income 12383:Education Amendments of 1972 10555:Fall of communism in Albania 10525:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 10474:Polish Round Table Agreement 9814:1968 Polish political crisis 9631:Eritrean War of Independence 9397:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 9292:East German uprising of 1953 9224:Chinese Communist Revolution 8889: 8507:, London: Allen & Unwin. 8431:Thomas Karamessines (1970). 7167:"Hortensia Bussi de Allende" 6815:"Chile wars armed civilians" 6460:"Chile: The Good Democracy?" 5879:Gustafson, Kristian (2007). 5447:(in Spanish). Archived from 5381:(in Spanish). Archived from 3752:The shipping contracts used 3475: 3467:Televisión Nacional de Chile 3218:, telling the nation of the 3202:carabineros of the La Moneda 2576:In 1972, Economics Minister 2555:Chilean Constitution of 1925 1956:of the democratic socialist 1658:Marine Mammal Protection Act 1603:Minority Business Enterprise 1187:1981–1990 Nicaragua, Contras 1089:1957–58 Indonesian rebellion 1043:United States involvement in 999:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo 851:Batallón de Inteligencia 601 7: 15258:Water supply and sanitation 14512:1989 Paraguayan coup d'état 14507:1979 Salvadoran coup d'état 14447:1954 Paraguayan coup d'état 14442:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 12886:Coastal Zone Management Act 12644:Consumer Product Safety Act 12427:National Cancer Act of 1971 12065:1970 Lincoln Memorial visit 12008:Presidency of Richard Nixon 11967:Presidency of Richard Nixon 11929:Revolutionary Left Movement 10429:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 10157:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 9902:Corrective Movement (Syria) 9866:New People's Army rebellion 9861:Sino-Soviet border conflict 9589:Angolan War of Independence 9452:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 9332:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 8977:Jamaican political conflict 8389:El día en que murió Allende 7702:McClatchy Washington Bureau 5998:. New York: The New Press. 5705:Political Science Quarterly 5699:Goldberg, Peter A. (1975). 4669:Chile Documentation Project 3943: 3897:Andrés Manuel López Obrador 3772:shipping, the contract was 3657:National Defense University 3566:Central Intelligence Agency 3160:, General of the Army, and 2938:Defense Intelligence Agency 2830:Commander-in-Chief General 2804:Salvador Allende's response 2620:against President Allende. 2610:Central Intelligence Agency 2008:Revolutionary Left Movement 1851:Vice presidential campaigns 1172:1979 Salvadoran coup d'état 1108:1959 Cambodia, Bangkok Plot 1079:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 836:Central Intelligence Agency 526:60 in total during the coup 225:Revolutionary Left Movement 10: 15498: 14502:1976 Argentine coup d'état 14491:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 14067:Trinidad and Tobago (1990) 13048:Senate Watergate Committee 12628:Permissible exposure limit 12406:Rehabilitation Act of 1973 12151:Presidential Proclamations 11889:Christian Democratic Party 10625:Sino-Indian border dispute 10454:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 10384:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 10142:1976 Argentine coup d'état 10054:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 10004:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 9688:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 9656:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 9345:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 9112:Asian Relations Conference 8451:, November, pp 34–45. 7957:(in Spanish). 14 July 2013 7581:Foster, John; Carty, Bob. 6877:Robert L. Scheina (2003). 6462:. Zmag.org. Archived from 6337:. Brown University Library 5796:The Róbinson Rojas Archive 5279:. New York: Vintage Books. 5046:. Melbourne: Ocean Press. 3964:– arms smuggling from Cuba 3624:and then professor at the 3587: 3531:, of the National Police ( 3484: 3441: 3390:Grupo de Amigos Personales 3257: 3132:with his bodyguards, the " 3057:"1973 Chilean coup d'état" 2856: 2737: 2633:Confederation of Democracy 2548:Christian Democratic Party 2536:Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez 2523: 2517: 1977:National Congress of Chile 1167:1976 Argentine coup d'état 1138:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 18: 15447:Cold War in Latin America 15343: 15271: 15201: 15192: 15117: 15108: 15071: 15041: 14974: 14931: 14927: 14918: 14821: 14812: 14801: 14749: 14634: 14616: 14554: 14520: 14481:1971 Bolivian coup d'état 14464:1964 Bolivian coup d'état 14432: 14387:Second Occupation of Cuba 14349: 14314: 14265: 14203: 14182: 14131: 14059: 13983: 13833: 13790:Dominican Republic (1963) 13747: 13631: 13489: 13337: 13296: 13212: 13151: 13080: 12953: 12937:Oil Pollution Act of 1973 12778: 12556:Fair Credit Reporting Act 12538: 12353:Revised Philadelphia Plan 12337: 12312:Threshold Test Ban Treaty 12160: 12015: 11876: 11847: 11816: 11765: 11737:Government Junta of Chile 11724: 11661: 11610: 11532: 11509:William Appleman Williams 11454:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 11236: 11208: 11157: 11089: 11082: 11016: 10881: 10806: 10736: 10729: 10638: 10585: 10517: 10230: 9969:Bangladesh Liberation War 9959:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 9874: 9846:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 9834:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 9497: 9272:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 9249: 8959: 8897: 8839:Death of Salvador Allende 8831: 8783:Government Junta of Chile 8775: 8739: 8683: 8437:National Security Council 8393:The day that Allende Died 8090:National Security Archive 8086:"Chile: Secrets of State" 7302:The New Centennial Review 7296:Cucurella, Paula (2014). 7277:M. Baltra, Lidia (2012). 7054:Fitzhenry & Whiteside 6999:"Patricio Carvajal Prado" 6414:. Pbs.org. Archived from 6412:"Chile's President-Elect" 5951:National Security Archive 5557:. Editorial Fin de Siglo. 5471:Adams, Jerome R. (2010). 5379:"Comienzan los problemas" 5246:"CIA Activities in Chile" 4528:Christian Science Monitor 4475:– via Google Books. 4444:Busky, Donald F. (2000). 4430:– via Google Books. 4239:National Security Archive 4202:Walter L. Hixson (2009). 3793:Avenida Nueva Providencia 3679:, the military leader of 3444:Death of Salvador Allende 3411:for two of their deaths. 3286:National Stadium of Chile 3134:Group of Personal Friends 2744:On 29 June 1973, Colonel 2733: 2069:11 September 2001 attacks 1483:Appointment controversies 1378:Eisenhower administration 1153:1971 Bolivian coup d'état 1148:1966 Ghanaian coup d'état 964:National Security Archive 893:Estadio Nacional de Chile 830:Organizations responsible 525: 520: 515: 383: 285: 172: 156:Military Junta Government 151:Death of Salvador Allende 103: 47: 35: 30: 15467:1970s in Santiago, Chile 14486:1973 Chilean coup d'état 14375:Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty 14365:First Occupation of Cuba 13087:← Johnson administration 12720:Agricultural Act of 1970 12263:1973 Chilean coup d'état 11972:templates for discussion 11732:1973 Chilean coup d'état 10284:1980 Turkish coup d'état 10119:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 10089:1978 Somali coup attempt 10049:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 10014:1973 Chilean coup d'état 9839:Revolutionary Government 9733:South African Border War 9525:1960 Turkish coup d'état 9442:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 9297:1953 Iranian coup d'état 9277:1952 Egyptian revolution 8721:Alejandrina Cox incident 8677:1973 Chilean coup d'état 8543:Archivo Salvador Allende 7471:González, Yanko (2015). 7335:Chavkin, Samuel (1973). 7042:Rojas, Róbinson (1975). 6915:(Report). Archived from 6679:Jonathan Haslam (2005). 6652:Pérez, Cristián (2000). 5994:Kornbluh, Peter (2003). 5356:"Castro speech database" 5075:François, David (2018). 5017:. London. Archived from 4128: 4122:The House of the Spirits 3921:Rage Against the Machine 3626:University of Concepción 3618:Marcello Ferrada de Noli 3527:); and General Director 3495:Original members of the 2780:Alejandrina Cox incident 2231:War of the Confederation 2004:Socialist Party of Chile 2000:Communist Party of Chile 1942:1973 Chilean coup d'état 1636:1973 Chilean coup d'état 1478:Supreme Court candidates 1473:Appointed federal judges 1344:House of Representatives 1296:This article is part of 1074:1953 Iranian coup d'état 657:Margarita Belén massacre 31:1973 Chilean coup d'état 15477:Labor disputes in Chile 15442:Military coups in Chile 14393:Occupation of Nicaragua 14381:Occupations of Honduras 12985:Saturday Night Massacre 12727:Farm Credit Act of 1971 12697:Alternative minimum tax 11944:Vicariate of Solidarity 10489:Fall of the Berlin Wall 10434:People Power Revolution 10419:Central American crisis 10359:1986 Black Sea incident 10009:1973 Afghan coup d'état 9907:Western Sahara conflict 9718:1966 Syrian coup d'état 9641:1963 Syrian coup d'état 9584:Portuguese Colonial War 9547:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 9312:1954 Syrian coup d'état 9189:Annexation of Hyderabad 9132:1947–1949 Palestine war 8366:John R. Bawden (2016). 7852:Waldman, Gilda (2014). 5970:Office of the Historian 5896:CIA Activities in Chile 5553:Lessa, Alfonso (1996). 5342:Kristian C. Gustafson. 4646:Lexington Books, 2009. 4600:A Century of Revolution 4399:Cohen, Youssef (1994). 4141:Lawson, George (2005). 4016:Films and documentaries 3956:Allende en su laberinto 3878:Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle 3691:President of Argentina 3655:(CHDS), located at the 3481:Installing a new regime 3463:2010 Chilean earthquake 3369:centers, among others, 2369:Transition to democracy 2264:Occupation of Araucanía 1754:Death and state funeral 1420:"Last press conference" 1182:1975–1992 Angola, UNITA 1128:1961 Dominican Republic 1064:1949 Syrian coup d'état 647:Operativo Independencia 14399:Occupation of Veracruz 13039:United States v. Nixon 12690:Tax Reform Act of 1969 12367:Native American policy 12346:Family Assistance Plan 11949:Workers' United Center 10783:Neoclassical economics 10294:Gulf of Sidra incident 9851:1969 Libyan revolution 9542:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 9327:1954 Geneva Conference 9087:Turkish straits crisis 9082:Corfu Channel incident 8609: 8589:Listen to this article 8497:, 8 July 1999, London. 8424:Anke Hoogvelt (1997). 8380:Julio Faundez (1988). 7722:González 2013, p. 385. 6883:. Potomac Books, Inc. 5569:"Second coup attempt: 4926:. New York: Doubleday. 4143:Negotiated Revolutions 3973:Operation TOUCAN (KGB) 3937: 3861: 3720:. The Chilean company 3687:International reaction 3681:Fatherland and Liberty 3499: 3325: 3273: 3268:The facilities of the 2975: 2934:Clinton administration 2924: 2903: 2876: 2760:" paramilitary group. 2758:Fatherland and Liberty 2530:Allende contested the 2526:Chile truckers' strike 2292:Parliamentary Republic 2287:1891 Chilean Civil War 1986:Following the coup, a 1949: 1763:Presidential campaigns 1694:United States v. Nixon 1663:Endangered Species Act 1113:1960 Congo coup d'état 286:Commanders and leaders 15452:False flag operations 15059:Investigations Police 14722:Presidential Republic 14698:Conservative Republic 14690:Republic Organization 13096:Ford administration → 12598:Smithsonian Agreement 12121:Judicial appointments 11757:Indictment and arrest 11633:Russia–NATO relations 11514:Jonathan Reed Winkler 10798:Democratic capitalism 10793:Supply-side economics 10761:American conservatism 10560:Breakup of Yugoslavia 10449:Bougainville conflict 10364:South Yemen civil war 10299:Martial law in Poland 10162:Nicaraguan Revolution 10137:Dirty War (Argentina) 9944:1971 JVP insurrection 9758:Years of Lead (Italy) 9636:North Yemen civil war 9554:Berlin Crisis of 1961 9530:Albanian–Soviet split 9462:1959 Tibetan uprising 9427:Syrian Crisis of 1957 9282:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 9142:1948 Arab–Israeli War 8608: 8167:La Nacíon (Argentina) 7732:Ortega, José (2014). 7202:(14 September 1973). 6685:. Verso. p. 64. 5817:. Seven Locks Press. 5543:González 2013, p. 35. 5531:González 2013, p. 29. 5522:González 2013, p. 28. 5445:"Se desata la crisis" 5275:Régis Debray (1972). 4955:10.1215/9780822392859 4939:"Furies of the Andes" 4616:(11 September 2013). 4493:. 24 September 1973. 4210:Yale University Press 3932: 3859: 3509:La Tercera de la Hora 3494: 3323: 3312:Caravana de la Muerte 3267: 2970: 2913: 2898: 2863: 2836:Sergio Arellano Stark 2559:Eduardo Frei Montalva 2351:Military dictatorship 2318:Presidential Republic 2249:Conservative Republic 2226:Civil war (1829–1830) 2140:Origin of the Mapuche 2053:political suppression 1998:parties, such as the 1653:Mideast Peace Process 1468:Judicial appointments 516:Casualties and losses 147:government overthrown 40:in South America and 15028:Constitutional Court 14906:World Heritage Sites 14738:Democracy Transition 14539:Cuban Missile Crisis 14452:Bay of Pigs Invasion 14328:Spanish–American War 14322:Mexican–American War 14295:Good Neighbor policy 13001:White House Plumbers 11894:Christian Left Party 11054:Non-Aligned Movement 10676:Peaceful coexistence 10630:North Borneo dispute 10545:German reunification 10540:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 10238:Salvadoran Civil War 10187:Grand Mosque seizure 10182:Yemenite War of 1979 10074:Mozambican Civil War 10029:Carnation Revolution 9984:Yemenite War of 1972 9922:1970 Polish protests 9753:1967 Hong Kong riots 9728:Argentine Revolution 9678:Guatemalan Civil War 9606:Cuban Missile Crisis 9520:Bay of Pigs Invasion 9392:1956 Poznań protests 9370:Geneva Summit (1955) 8972:Hukbalahap Rebellion 8951:Non-Aligned Movement 8813:Chile under Pinochet 8640:More spoken articles 8479:2nd expanded edition 8428:, London: Macmillan. 7741:Encucijada Americana 6967:(22 December 1997). 6820:The Montreal Gazette 6607:. Globalpolicy.org. 5930:on 14 January 2014, 4937:Winn, Peter (2010). 4922:Weimer, Tim (2007). 4321:(4 September 2023). 4164:McSherry, J. Patrice 3866:Biden administration 3789:Llama de la Libertad 3533:Carabineros de Chile 3200:At approx. 9:00 the 3170:José María Sepúlveda 3168:(uniformed police), 3124:, the Navy captured 3042:improve this article 2853:American involvement 2847:Chile's Constitution 2666:Tacnazo insurrection 2437:Chilean coups d'état 2281:Parliamentary period 2075:Political background 2022:are still disputed. 2016:Palacio de La Moneda 2012:Nixon administration 1409:Post-vice presidency 1084:1956–57 Syria crisis 943:Archives and reports 808:Luis Posada Carriles 793:Stefano Delle Chiaie 767:Principal operatives 642:Night of the Pencils 544:Background histories 263:Carabineros de Chile 241:Chilean Armed Forces 15096:Ministry of Defence 14405:Occupation of Haiti 14359:Paraguay expedition 14285:Roosevelt Corollary 13623:Paraguay (Sep 1949) 13055:impeachment process 12971:Operation Sandwedge 12706:Revenue Act of 1971 12506:1970 VRA Amendments 12254:Shanghai Communiqué 12247:1972 visit to China 12199:Paris Peace Accords 12171:International trips 12051:Second inauguration 11914:Party for Democracy 11869:(former son-in-law) 11747:Acto de Chacarillas 11499:Alex von Tunzelmann 11489:Vladimir Tismăneanu 11414:Thomas J. McCormick 11409:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 11309:Robert Hugh Ferrell 11172:Crusade for Freedom 10969:Illiberal democracy 10853:Ho Chi Minh Thought 10656:Eisenhower Doctrine 10509:Peaceful Revolution 10504:Romanian Revolution 10484:Revolutions of 1989 10469:1988 Polish strikes 10379:Operation INFEKTION 10374:1987 Lieyu massacre 10279:Eritrean Civil Wars 10262:Peruvian Revolution 10212:1979 Herat uprising 10202:Sino-Vietnamese War 10167:Uganda–Tanzania War 10147:Egyptian–Libyan War 10114:Third Indochina War 10109:Sino-Albanian split 10099:Ethiopian Civil War 9999:Eritrean Civil Wars 9939:Ping-pong diplomacy 9912:Cambodian Civil War 9738:Korean DMZ Conflict 9723:Cultural Revolution 9693:Dominican Civil War 9671:Tlatelolco massacre 9457:1959 Mosul uprising 9447:1958 Lebanon crisis 9174:Al-Wathbah uprising 9097:First Indochina War 9067:Iran crisis of 1946 8757:José Toribio Merino 8345:. 11 September 2023 8319:. 11 September 2023 8293:. 11 September 2023 8239:Buenos Aires Herald 8214:. 11 September 2023 8035:on 10 December 2017 7753:10.53689/ea.v6i2.67 7408:Government of Chile 7386:on 20 October 2009. 6919:on 12 February 2003 6823:. 17 September 1973 6787:Arce, Juan Alvaro. 6770:jurist.law.pitt.edu 6556:The Washington Post 6418:on 23 December 2011 6311:. 11 September 1973 5779:English translation 5687:English translation 5625:. 24 September 1973 5603:English translation 5361:30 May 2004 at the 5014:The Daily Telegraph 4115:The Black Pimpernel 4108:The Battle of Chile 3842:recursos de amparos 3550:(commonly known as 3529:César Mendoza Durán 3150:José Toribio Merino 3130:presidential palace 3001:Weather Underground 2674:Christian Democrats 2407:Agriculture history 2323:Radical governments 2307:Presidential period 2211:War of Independence 1670:Impeachment process 1624:Paris Peace Accords 1511:International trips 1338:Pre-vice presidency 989:Trial of the Juntas 803:Virgilio Paz Romero 783:Hugo Campos Hermida 722:Jorge Rafael Videla 454:Christian Democrats 15482:Counter-revolution 15422:Cold War conflicts 15170:Telecommunications 14458:Operation Mongoose 14423:Invasion of Panama 14334:Mexican Border War 14289:Big Stick ideology 13970:El Salvador (1979) 13879:El Salvador (1972) 13760:El Salvador (1961) 13755:El Salvador (1960) 13585:El Salvador (1948) 13370:El Salvador (1931) 12978:Operation Gemstone 12277:1972 Moscow Summit 12033:First inauguration 11653:Russian Revolution 11449:Mary Elise Sarotte 11434:William B. Pickett 11359:Patrick J. Hearden 11339:Gabriel Gorodetsky 11334:Timothy Garton Ash 11319:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 10914:Ethnic nationalism 10666:Hallstein Doctrine 10550:Yemeni unification 10339:1985 Geneva Summit 10304:Casamance conflict 10207:New Jewel Movement 10192:Iranian Revolution 10177:Chadian–Libyan War 10124:Cambodian conflict 10104:Lebanese Civil War 10094:Western Sahara War 10069:June 1976 protests 10064:Cambodian genocide 9829:17 July Revolution 9783:Nigerian Civil War 9698:Rhodesian Bush War 9683:Colombian conflict 9626:Ramadan Revolution 9365:Bandung Conference 9241:Operation Valuable 9122:Partition of India 8696:Schneider Doctrine 8610: 8565:– video report by 8267:. Associated Press 8169:. 9 September 2023 8143:. 9 September 2023 7984:on 1 December 2017 7928:on 8 December 2015 7827:(Civil Division), 6979:on 26 October 2006 6795:on 18 October 2009 6746:. 27 November 2006 6158:The New York Times 6142:10 September 2013. 6114:The New York Times 6089:on 20 October 2009 5924:The New York Times 5579:on 13 October 2004 5573:(the tank attack)" 5451:on 9 November 2007 5177:on 25 October 2009 4642:Lubna Z. Qureshi. 3862: 3693:Juan Domingo Perón 3671:Sen. Patrick Leahy 3584:Continued violence 3578:a new constitution 3500: 3326: 3274: 2892:, that echoed the 2614:Schneider Doctrine 2478:History portal 2442:Political scandals 2328:Allende and UP era 2269:War of the Pacific 1958:president of Chile 1954:military overthrow 1702:Resignation speech 949:Archives of Terror 717:Alfredo Stroessner 681:Government leaders 188:Chilean Government 89:From top to bottom 15432:Conflicts in 1973 15379: 15378: 15339: 15338: 15188: 15187: 15104: 15103: 15067: 15066: 14956:Political parties 14946:Foreign relations 14936:National Congress 14914: 14913: 14799: 14798: 14795: 14794: 14714:Parliamentary Era 14658:Spanish Discovery 14572: 14571: 14225: 14224: 14036:Panama (Mar 1988) 13283:Costa Rica (1917) 13106: 13105: 13031:White House tapes 13022:list of opponents 12863:Noise Control Act 12462:Shafer Commission 12328:Space exploration 12298:Washington Summit 12192:Cambodian bombing 12100:1974 SOTU Address 12093:1973 SOTU Address 12086:1972 SOTU Address 12079:1971 SOTU Address 12072:1970 SOTU Address 12041:Bring Us Together 11957: 11956: 11867:Julio Ponce Lerou 11803:Operation Colombo 11788:1980 Constitution 11773:Charaña agreement 11725:Life and politics 11684: 11683: 11671:List of conflicts 11519:Rudolph Winnacker 11464:Giles Scott-Smith 11439:Ronald E. Powaski 11394:Melvyn P. Leffler 11324:John Lewis Gaddis 11299:Robert D. English 11264:Warren H. Carroll 11254:Michael Beschloss 11223:Nuclear arms race 11204: 11203: 11110:Neues Deutschland 11012: 11011: 10994:White nationalism 10964:Liberal democracy 10701:Ulbricht Doctrine 10691:Brezhnev Doctrine 10499:Velvet Revolution 10243:Soviet–Afghan War 10059:Angolan Civil War 9856:Goulash Communism 9713:ASEAN Declaration 9666:Mexican Dirty War 9564:Annexation of Goa 9515:1960 U-2 incident 9489:Sino-Soviet split 9467:Laotian Civil War 9307:Bricker Amendment 9287:Mau Mau rebellion 9231:Malayan Emergency 9219:Chinese Civil War 9179:Tito–Stalin split 9033:Division of Korea 8857: 8856: 8726:Carlos Altamirano 8606: 8575:The Coup in Chile 8443:Jeane Kirkpatrick 8417:978-956-324-134-1 7777:(10 March 2014). 7704:. 12 March 2015. 7617:Statistics Canada 7357:Radio Cooperativa 6944:Los Angeles Times 6890:978-1-57488-452-4 6692:978-1-84467-030-7 6658:Estudios Públicos 6611:. 11 January 2006 6585:. 20 January 2006 6559:. 14 October 2006 6509:. 15 October 2006 6281:978-0-8078-3495-4 6191:978-1-58322-965-1 6005:978-1-56584-936-5 5903:on 12 June 2007, 5824:978-0-932020-85-7 5510:978-956-239-337-9 5400:. Jornada.unam.mx 5385:on 2 August 2007. 5324:on 9 October 2016 5303:978-0-226-06252-5 5234:978-0-19-928358-3 5168:Julio César Jobet 5088:978-1-912174-95-9 4964:978-0-8223-9285-9 4829:Los Angeles Times 4578:978-0-04-497061-3 4465:978-0-275-96886-1 4420:978-0-2261-1271-8 4233:Kornbluh, Peter. 4058:Ecos del Desierto 3886:Michelle Bachelet 3834:Michelle Bachelet 3620:, one founder of 3602:Quiriquina Island 3359:Rettig Commission 3338:Michelle Bachelet 3182:Patricio Carvajal 3152:, planner of the 3118: 3117: 3110: 3092: 2516: 2515: 2389:Politics of Chile 2243:Republican period 2178:Captaincy General 2006:, as well as the 1973:liberal democracy 1938: 1937: 1817:Bring Us Together 1676:Watergate scandal 1598:Philadelphia Plan 1326:Electoral history 1313: 1312: 1278: 1277: 1069:1949–1953 Albania 1037: 1036: 931:Due obedience law 734:Targeted militias 707:Leopoldo Galtieri 697:Basilio Lami Dozo 632:Operation Colombo 530: 529: 466:Radical Democrats 384:Political support 258:Chilean Air Force 168: 167: 111:11 September 1973 91:: the bombing of 15489: 15359: 15352: 15199: 15198: 15155: 15115: 15114: 14929: 14928: 14925: 14924: 14819: 14818: 14807: 14742: 14734: 14726: 14718: 14710: 14706:Liberal Republic 14702: 14694: 14686: 14678: 14670: 14666:Spanish Conquest 14662: 14654: 14632: 14631: 14623: 14622: 14599: 14592: 14585: 14576: 14575: 14469:Operation Condor 14301:Dollar diplomacy 14252: 14245: 14238: 14229: 14228: 14159:Venezuela (2002) 14118:Guatemala (1993) 14031:Haiti (Sep 1988) 14026:Haiti (Jun 1988) 14011:Guatemala (1983) 14006:Guatemala (1982) 13932:Argentina (1976) 13894:Chile (Sep 1973) 13889:Chile (Jun 1973) 13810:Argentina (1966) 13780:Guatemala (1963) 13770:Argentina (1962) 13719:Venezuela (1958) 13709:Guatemala (1957) 13684:Argentina (1955) 13679:Guatemala (1954) 13644:Argentina (1951) 13580:Venezuela (1948) 13570:Nicaragua (1947) 13550:Venezuela (1945) 13512:Argentina (1943) 13441:Nicaragua (1936) 13355:Argentina (1930) 13273:Haiti (Nov 1914) 13263:Haiti (Jan 1914) 13194:Venezuela (1908) 13133: 13126: 13119: 13110: 13109: 13099: 13090: 13073: 13066: 13057: 13050: 13043: 13033: 13024: 13017: 13010: 13003: 12996: 12987: 12980: 12973: 12966: 12946: 12939: 12932: 12925: 12918: 12911: 12904: 12895: 12888: 12881: 12872: 12865: 12858: 12851: 12844: 12837: 12830: 12823: 12816: 12807: 12800: 12793: 12771: 12764: 12757: 12750: 12743: 12736: 12729: 12722: 12715: 12708: 12699: 12692: 12683: 12676: 12669: 12660: 12653: 12646: 12639: 12630: 12623: 12616: 12609: 12600: 12593: 12586: 12579: 12572: 12565: 12558: 12551: 12549:Bank Secrecy Act 12529: 12522: 12515: 12508: 12501: 12494: 12485: 12478: 12471: 12464: 12457: 12450: 12443: 12436: 12429: 12422: 12415: 12408: 12399: 12392: 12385: 12376: 12369: 12362: 12355: 12348: 12330: 12323: 12314: 12307: 12300: 12293: 12286: 12279: 12272: 12265: 12256: 12249: 12242: 12233: 12226: 12217: 12210: 12207:Peace with Honor 12201: 12194: 12187: 12180: 12173: 12153: 12146: 12144:Executive Orders 12137: 12130: 12123: 12116: 12109: 12102: 12095: 12088: 12081: 12074: 12067: 12060: 12053: 12044: 12035: 12028: 12001: 11994: 11987: 11978: 11977: 11839:Caravan of Death 11798:Operation Condor 11778:Miracle of Chile 11718:Augusto Pinochet 11711: 11704: 11697: 11688: 11687: 11429:David S. Painter 11354:John Earl Haynes 11284:Nicholas J. Cull 11269:Adrian Cioroianu 11249:Thomas A. Bailey 11196:Voice of America 11087: 11086: 10999:White separatism 10979:Social democracy 10974:Guided democracy 10954:Authoritarianism 10904:Ultranationalism 10894:Anti-imperialism 10821:Marxism–Leninism 10734: 10733: 10721:Kinmen Agreement 10686:Johnson Doctrine 10671:Kennedy Doctrine 10587:Frozen conflicts 10570:1991 August Coup 10459:Afghan Civil War 10354:Reykjavík Summit 10349:Somali Rebellion 10289:Ugandan Bush War 10267:Gdańsk Agreement 9788:Protests of 1968 9768:War of Attrition 9477:Cuban Revolution 9413:We will bury you 9380:Cyprus Emergency 9360:Kashmir Princess 9350:Jebel Akhdar War 9199:Western betrayal 8884: 8877: 8870: 8861: 8860: 8793:Operation Condor 8752:Augusto Pinochet 8747:Salvador Allende 8670: 8663: 8656: 8647: 8646: 8630: 8628: 8617: 8616: 8607: 8597: 8595: 8590: 8548: 8421: 8400:González, Mónica 8355: 8354: 8352: 8350: 8335: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8317:Associated Press 8309: 8303: 8302: 8300: 8298: 8291:Associated Press 8283: 8277: 8276: 8274: 8272: 8256: 8250: 8249: 8247: 8245: 8230: 8224: 8223: 8221: 8219: 8204: 8198: 8197: 8185: 8179: 8178: 8176: 8174: 8159: 8153: 8152: 8150: 8148: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8124: 8122: 8107: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8081: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8054: 8045: 8044: 8042: 8040: 8029:América Economía 8021: 8015: 8014: 8007: 7994: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7980:. 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1720:Nixon interviews 1578:End of the draft 1395:Motorcade attack 1388:2nd inauguration 1383:1st inauguration 1309: 1308: 1306: 1299: 1291: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1225:2001 Afghanistan 1202:1989–1990 Panama 1059:1948–1960s Italy 1039: 1038: 1029: 1022: 1015: 985: 903:Colonia Dignidad 859: 846:Caravan of Death 788:Manuel Contreras 712:Augusto Pinochet 637:Operation Charly 590: 587:1973 coup d'état 577: 559: 556:1976 coup d'état 536:Operation Condor 532: 531: 508: 507: 497: 496: 486: 485: 475: 474: 464: 463: 462: 452: 451: 450: 441: 440: 439: 429: 427: 426: 417: 416: 415: 406: 405: 404: 395: 394: 393: 376: 375: 374: 365: 364: 363: 354: 353: 352: 344:Augusto Pinochet 342: 341: 340: 329: 328: 327: 318: 317: 316: 308: 300:Salvador Allende 298: 297: 296: 278: 277: 276: 239: 238: 237: 223: 222: 221: 211: 210: 209: 199: 186: 185: 160:Augusto Pinochet 140:Coup successful 105: 104: 97:National Stadium 80: 69: 58: 42:Operation Condor 28: 27: 15497: 15496: 15492: 15491: 15490: 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(1940) 13485: 13466:Paraguay (1937) 13436:Paraguay (1936) 13333: 13292: 13220:Paraguay (1911) 13208: 13189:Paraguay (1908) 13184:Paraguay (1905) 13174:Paraguay (1904) 13164:Paraguay (1902) 13159:Colombia (1900) 13147: 13137: 13107: 13102: 13093: 13084: 13076: 13069: 13062: 13053: 13046: 13036: 13029: 13020: 13013: 13008:Watergate Seven 13006: 12999: 12992: 12983: 12976: 12969: 12962: 12949: 12942: 12935: 12928: 12921: 12914: 12907: 12900: 12891: 12884: 12877: 12868: 12861: 12854: 12847: 12840: 12833: 12828:Clean Water Act 12826: 12819: 12812: 12803: 12796: 12789: 12781: 12774: 12767: 12760: 12753: 12746: 12739: 12732: 12725: 12718: 12711: 12704: 12695: 12688: 12679: 12672: 12665: 12656: 12649: 12642: 12635: 12626: 12619: 12612: 12605: 12596: 12589: 12582: 12575: 12568: 12561: 12554: 12547: 12540:Economic policy 12534: 12525: 12518: 12511: 12504: 12497: 12490: 12483:Cannabis policy 12481: 12474: 12467: 12460: 12453: 12446: 12439: 12432: 12425: 12418: 12411: 12404: 12395: 12388: 12381: 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Rabkin 11419:Timothy Naftali 11364:Tvrtko Jakovina 11349:Jussi Hanhimäki 11232: 11210: 11200: 11178:Paix et Liberté 11153: 11097:Active measures 11078: 11008: 10989:White supremacy 10949:Totalitarianism 10877: 10802: 10725: 10711:Reagan Doctrine 10706:Carter Doctrine 10646:Truman Doctrine 10634: 10581: 10513: 10408:Soviet reaction 10319:Ndogboyosoi War 10226: 10197:Saur Revolution 10024:1973 oil crisis 9989:Munich massacre 9897:Alcora Exercise 9892:Black September 9870: 9616:Sino-Indian War 9510:Simba rebellion 9493: 9337:Capture of the 9245: 9184:Berlin Blockade 9117:May 1947 crises 9107:Truman Doctrine 9072:Greek Civil War 9061:Blacklist Forty 9028:Gouzenko Affair 9015:Cursed soldiers 8967:Morgenthau Plan 8955: 8893: 8888: 8858: 8853: 8827: 8788:Miguel Enriquez 8771: 8735: 8679: 8674: 8644: 8643: 8632: 8626: 8624: 8621:This audio file 8618: 8611: 8602: 8599: 8593: 8592: 8588: 8546: 8535: 8455:Henry Kissinger 8418: 8363: 8358: 8348: 8346: 8337: 8336: 8332: 8322: 8320: 8311: 8310: 8306: 8296: 8294: 8285: 8284: 8280: 8270: 8268: 8257: 8253: 8243: 8241: 8231: 8227: 8217: 8215: 8206: 8205: 8201: 8196:. Buenos Aires. 8186: 8182: 8172: 8170: 8161: 8160: 8156: 8146: 8144: 8135: 8134: 8130: 8120: 8118: 8108: 8104: 8094: 8092: 8082: 8078: 8068: 8066: 8055: 8048: 8038: 8036: 8023: 8022: 8018: 8009: 8008: 7997: 7987: 7985: 7974: 7970: 7960: 7958: 7949: 7948: 7941: 7931: 7929: 7914: 7913: 7909: 7899: 7897: 7884: 7883: 7879: 7850: 7835: 7825:Court of Appeal 7823: 7819: 7810: 7803: 7798: 7794: 7772: 7768: 7736: 7734:"Perón y Chile" 7730: 7726: 7721: 7717: 7694: 7693: 7689: 7678: 7674: 7657: 7653: 7636: 7632: 7622: 7620: 7611: 7610: 7606: 7596: 7594: 7593:on 27 June 2014 7579: 7575: 7563: 7559: 7549: 7547: 7534: 7527: 7517: 7515: 7504: 7500: 7485:(512): 87–111. 7469: 7465: 7455: 7453: 7441: 7437: 7426: 7422: 7417:on 20 May 2005. 7414: 7403: 7396: 7395: 7391: 7378: 7377: 7373: 7363: 7361: 7348: 7344: 7333: 7329: 7294: 7290: 7275: 7266: 7256: 7254: 7246: 7245: 7241: 7236:on 2 July 2008. 7222: 7221: 7217: 7197: 7193: 7183: 7181: 7163: 7159: 7146: 7145: 7141: 7131: 7129: 7117: 7113: 7103: 7101: 7085: 7081: 7076:. 20 July 2011. 7066: 7065: 7061: 7040: 7036: 7026: 7024: 7014: 7010: 6997: 6996: 6992: 6982: 6980: 6962: 6958: 6948: 6946: 6936: 6932: 6922: 6920: 6911:Ford Foundation 6902: 6898: 6891: 6875: 6871: 6861: 6859: 6850: 6849: 6845: 6840: 6836: 6826: 6824: 6813: 6812: 6808: 6798: 6796: 6785: 6781: 6764: 6763: 6759: 6749: 6747: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6717: 6715: 6704: 6700: 6693: 6677: 6673: 6663: 6661: 6650: 6646: 6636: 6634: 6628: 6624: 6614: 6612: 6603: 6602: 6598: 6588: 6586: 6577: 6576: 6572: 6562: 6560: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6534: 6532: 6527: 6526: 6522: 6512: 6510: 6501: 6500: 6496: 6483: 6479: 6469: 6467: 6458: 6457: 6453: 6443: 6441: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6421: 6419: 6410: 6409: 6405: 6395: 6393: 6380: 6376: 6366: 6364: 6355: 6354: 6350: 6340: 6338: 6329: 6328: 6324: 6314: 6312: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6293: 6289: 6282: 6268: 6264: 6254: 6252: 6243: 6242: 6238: 6228: 6226: 6215: 6208: 6203: 6199: 6192: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6150: 6146: 6132: 6128: 6118: 6116: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6090: 6081: 6080: 6076: 6067: 6066: 6062: 6052: 6050: 6043: 6039: 6017: 6013: 6006: 5992: 5985: 5975: 5973: 5961: 5957: 5946:CIA 2000 report 5943: 5939: 5916: 5912: 5893: 5892: 5888: 5877: 5870: 5857: 5856: 5852: 5837: 5836: 5832: 5825: 5807: 5803: 5790: 5789: 5785: 5777:on Wikisource. 5771: 5770: 5761: 5744: 5740: 5717:10.2307/2148700 5697: 5693: 5685: 5681: 5671: 5669: 5658: 5654: 5645: 5638: 5628: 5626: 5618: 5614: 5613: 5609: 5601: 5597: 5582: 5580: 5567: 5566: 5562: 5551: 5547: 5542: 5535: 5530: 5526: 5521: 5517: 5511: 5497: 5490: 5483: 5469: 5465: 5454: 5452: 5443: 5442: 5433: 5417: 5413: 5403: 5401: 5396: 5395: 5391: 5377: 5376: 5369: 5363:Wayback Machine 5354: 5350: 5341: 5337: 5327: 5325: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5304: 5288: 5284: 5273: 5269: 5255: 5253: 5252:on 12 June 2007 5244: 5243: 5239: 5220: 5216: 5206: 5204: 5194: 5190: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5163: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5144: 5142: 5134: 5133: 5129: 5122: 5108: 5104: 5089: 5073: 5069: 5054: 5038: 5034: 5024: 5022: 5005: 4998: 4988: 4986: 4981:Michael Evans. 4979: 4972: 4965: 4935: 4931: 4920: 4916: 4873: 4869: 4859: 4857: 4847: 4843: 4833: 4831: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4754:The Independent 4744: 4740: 4730: 4728: 4717: 4713: 4703: 4701: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4678: 4676: 4661: 4657: 4641: 4637: 4612: 4608: 4595: 4586: 4579: 4563: 4559: 4545: 4543: 4520: 4516: 4503: 4501: 4485: 4484: 4480: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4442: 4435: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4397: 4393: 4383: 4381: 4371: 4367: 4357: 4355: 4345: 4341: 4331: 4329: 4327:Declassified UK 4316: 4312: 4302: 4300: 4297:Declassified UK 4288: 4284: 4274: 4272: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4231: 4227: 4201: 4197: 4190: 4161: 4157: 4145:. p. 182. 4139: 4135: 4131: 4018: 3946: 3854: 3829:Socialist Party 3825:Osvaldo Andrade 3813: 3782: 3713: 3689: 3592: 3586: 3552:El Libro Blanco 3489: 3483: 3478: 3446: 3440: 3438:Allende's death 3397:Jonathan Haslam 3262: 3256: 3216:farewell speech 3114: 3103: 3097: 3094: 3051: 3049: 3039: 3027: 3016: 3014:Military action 2993:ITT Corporation 2925: 2921:Henry Kissinger 2908:Henry Kissinger 2896:, states that: 2877: 2861: 2855: 2827: 2806: 2789: 2752:– known as the 2742: 2736: 2652: 2528: 2522: 2512: 2483: 2472: 2470: 2458: 2456: 2447: 2446: 2402: 2394: 2393: 2384:Social Outburst 2364: 2356: 2355: 2341: 2340:Pinochet regime 2333: 2332: 2308: 2300: 2299: 2282: 2274: 2273: 2244: 2236: 2235: 2201: 2200:Nation-building 2193: 2192: 2163: 2155: 2154: 2130: 2095: 2088: 2077: 2027:Henry Kissinger 2020:Allende's death 1934: 1902: 1900: 1893: 1892: 1891: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1764: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1715: 1714:Post-presidency 1711: 1672: 1667: 1629:decent interval 1620: 1617: 1574: 1571: 1567:Native American 1548:Legacy of Parks 1490: 1487: 1469: 1466: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1426: 1410: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1373: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1339: 1335: 1304: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1274: 1245: 1244: 1220: 1212: 1211: 1054: 1044: 1033: 1004: 1003: 981: 977: 969: 968: 944: 936: 935: 921: 913: 912: 881: 873: 872: 855: 831: 823: 822: 818:Michael Townley 798:José López Rega 768: 760: 759: 735: 727: 726: 702:João Figueiredo 682: 674: 673: 652:Ezeiza massacre 617: 609: 608: 584: 571: 553: 545: 502: 501: 491: 490: 480: 479: 469: 468: 460: 458: 457: 448: 446: 445: 437: 435: 424: 422: 421: 413: 411: 410: 402: 400: 399: 391: 389: 372: 370: 369: 361: 359: 358: 350: 348: 347: 338: 336: 331:Miguel Enríquez 325: 323: 322: 314: 312: 311: 304: 294: 292: 274: 272: 271: 267: 235: 233: 227: 219: 217: 207: 205: 191: 180: 158:led by General 123: 99: 86: 85: 84: 83: 82: 81: 72: 71: 70: 61: 60: 59: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 15495: 15485: 15484: 15479: 15474: 15469: 15464: 15459: 15454: 15449: 15444: 15439: 15434: 15429: 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15394: 15377: 15376: 15374: 15373: 15368: 15361: 15360: 15353: 15345: 15344: 15341: 15340: 15337: 15336: 15334: 15333: 15328: 15323: 15318: 15313: 15308: 15303: 15298: 15293: 15288: 15283: 15277: 15275: 15269: 15268: 15266: 15265: 15260: 15255: 15250: 15245: 15244: 15243: 15233: 15228: 15223: 15218: 15213: 15208: 15202: 15196: 15190: 15189: 15186: 15185: 15183: 15182: 15177: 15172: 15167: 15162: 15160:Stock Exchange 15157: 15149: 15144: 15139: 15134: 15129: 15124: 15118: 15112: 15106: 15105: 15102: 15101: 15099: 15098: 15093: 15088: 15083: 15077: 15075: 15069: 15068: 15065: 15064: 15062: 15061: 15056: 15051: 15045: 15043: 15039: 15038: 15036: 15035: 15030: 15025: 15020: 15015: 15014: 15013: 15008: 14998: 14997: 14996: 14986: 14980: 14978: 14972: 14971: 14969: 14968: 14963: 14958: 14953: 14948: 14943: 14938: 14932: 14922: 14916: 14915: 14912: 14911: 14909: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14893: 14888: 14883: 14878: 14873: 14868: 14866:National parks 14863: 14858: 14853: 14848: 14846:Extreme points 14843: 14838: 14833: 14828: 14822: 14816: 14810: 14809: 14802: 14800: 14797: 14796: 14793: 14792: 14790: 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14764: 14759: 14753: 14751: 14747: 14746: 14744: 14743: 14741:(1990–Present) 14735: 14727: 14719: 14711: 14703: 14695: 14687: 14679: 14671: 14663: 14655: 14638: 14636: 14629: 14620: 14614: 14613: 14602: 14601: 14594: 14587: 14579: 14570: 14569: 14567: 14566: 14561: 14555: 14552: 14551: 14549: 14548: 14542: 14536: 14530: 14524: 14522: 14518: 14517: 14515: 14514: 14509: 14504: 14499: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14475:Project FUBELT 14472: 14466: 14461: 14455: 14449: 14444: 14438: 14436: 14434:Covert actions 14430: 14429: 14427: 14426: 14420: 14414: 14408: 14402: 14396: 14390: 14384: 14378: 14368: 14362: 14355: 14353: 14347: 14346: 14344: 14343: 14337: 14331: 14325: 14318: 14316: 14312: 14311: 14309: 14308: 14303: 14298: 14292: 14282: 14276: 14269: 14267: 14263: 14262: 14255: 14254: 14247: 14240: 14232: 14223: 14222: 14220: 14219: 14217:attempted coup 14213: 14208: 14204: 14201: 14200: 14198: 14197: 14195:Bolivia (2024) 14192: 14186: 14184: 14180: 14179: 14177: 14176: 14171: 14166: 14161: 14156: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14139:Ecuador (2000) 14135: 14133: 14129: 14128: 14126: 14125: 14120: 14115: 14114: 14113: 14108: 14097: 14096: 14095: 14090: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14063: 14061: 14057: 14056: 14054: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14028: 14023: 14021:Bolivia (1984) 14018: 14016:Grenada (1983) 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13996:Bolivia (1980) 13993: 13987: 13985: 13981: 13980: 13978: 13977: 13975:Bolivia (1979) 13972: 13967: 13965:Grenada (1979) 13962: 13961: 13960: 13955: 13944: 13939: 13937:Ecuador (1976) 13934: 13929: 13927:Ecuador (1975) 13924: 13919: 13918: 13917: 13912: 13901: 13899:Bolivia (1974) 13896: 13891: 13886: 13884:Uruguay (1973) 13881: 13876: 13874:Ecuador (1972) 13871: 13866: 13865: 13864: 13859: 13848: 13846:Bolivia (1970) 13843: 13837: 13835: 13831: 13830: 13828: 13827: 13825:Bolivia (1969) 13822: 13817: 13812: 13807: 13802: 13800:Bolivia (1964) 13797: 13792: 13787: 13785:Ecuador (1963) 13782: 13777: 13772: 13767: 13765:Ecuador (1961) 13762: 13757: 13751: 13749: 13745: 13744: 13742: 13741: 13736: 13731: 13729:Bolivia (1959) 13726: 13724:Bolivia (1958) 13721: 13716: 13711: 13706: 13701: 13696: 13691: 13686: 13681: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13664:Bolivia (1952) 13661: 13656: 13654:Bolivia (1951) 13651: 13646: 13641: 13635: 13633: 13629: 13628: 13626: 13625: 13620: 13618:Bolivia (1949) 13615: 13610: 13609: 13608: 13603: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13565:Ecuador (1947) 13562: 13557: 13555:Bolivia (1946) 13552: 13547: 13542: 13541: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13519: 13517:Bolivia (1943) 13514: 13509: 13507:Uruguay (1942) 13504: 13499: 13493: 13491: 13487: 13486: 13484: 13483: 13478: 13473: 13468: 13463: 13458: 13456:Bolivia (1937) 13453: 13451:Ecuador (1936) 13448: 13446:Bolivia (1936) 13443: 13438: 13433: 13431:Ecuador (1935) 13428: 13426:Bolivia (1934) 13423: 13418: 13416:Uruguay (1933) 13413: 13412: 13411: 13406: 13395: 13394: 13393: 13388: 13383: 13372: 13367: 13362: 13357: 13352: 13347: 13345:Bolivia (1930) 13341: 13339: 13335: 13334: 13332: 13331: 13329:Ecuador (1925) 13326: 13321: 13316: 13311: 13306: 13304:Bolivia (1920) 13300: 13298: 13294: 13293: 13291: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13254: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13232: 13227: 13222: 13216: 13214: 13210: 13209: 13207: 13206: 13201: 13196: 13191: 13186: 13181: 13176: 13171: 13166: 13161: 13155: 13153: 13149: 13148: 13136: 13135: 13128: 13121: 13113: 13104: 13103: 13101: 13100: 13091: 13081: 13078: 13077: 13075: 13074: 13067: 13060: 13059: 13058: 13044: 13034: 13027: 13026: 13025: 13011: 13004: 12997: 12990: 12989: 12988: 12981: 12974: 12959: 12957: 12951: 12950: 12948: 12947: 12940: 12933: 12926: 12919: 12912: 12905: 12898: 12897: 12896: 12882: 12875: 12874: 12873: 12866: 12859: 12852: 12845: 12838: 12831: 12824: 12810: 12809: 12808: 12801: 12786: 12784: 12776: 12775: 12773: 12772: 12765: 12758: 12751: 12744: 12737: 12730: 12723: 12716: 12709: 12702: 12701: 12700: 12686: 12685: 12684: 12670: 12663: 12662: 12661: 12654: 12647: 12633: 12632: 12631: 12624: 12617: 12603: 12602: 12601: 12594: 12580: 12573: 12566: 12559: 12552: 12544: 12542: 12536: 12535: 12533: 12532: 12531: 12530: 12516: 12509: 12502: 12495: 12488: 12487: 12486: 12479: 12465: 12458: 12451: 12444: 12437: 12430: 12423: 12416: 12409: 12402: 12401: 12400: 12393: 12379: 12378: 12377: 12363: 12356: 12349: 12341: 12339: 12335: 12334: 12332: 12331: 12324: 12317: 12316: 12315: 12308: 12301: 12294: 12287: 12280: 12266: 12259: 12258: 12257: 12243: 12236: 12235: 12234: 12231:Linkage policy 12220: 12219: 12218: 12215:Vietnamization 12211: 12202: 12195: 12181: 12178:Nixon Doctrine 12174: 12166: 12164: 12162:Foreign policy 12158: 12157: 12155: 12154: 12147: 12140: 12139: 12138: 12131: 12117: 12110: 12103: 12096: 12089: 12082: 12075: 12068: 12061: 12054: 12047: 12046: 12045: 12029: 12021: 12019: 12013: 12012: 12004: 12003: 11996: 11989: 11981: 11955: 11954: 11952: 11951: 11946: 11941: 11936: 11931: 11926: 11921: 11916: 11911: 11906: 11901: 11896: 11891: 11886: 11880: 11878: 11874: 11873: 11871: 11870: 11864: 11861:Lucía Pinochet 11858: 11851: 11849: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11841: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11820: 11818: 11814: 11813: 11811: 11810: 11805: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11780: 11775: 11769: 11767: 11763: 11762: 11760: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11728: 11726: 11722: 11721: 11714: 11713: 11706: 11699: 11691: 11682: 11681: 11679: 11678: 11673: 11668: 11662: 11659: 11658: 11656: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11614: 11612: 11608: 11607: 11605: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11574: 11569: 11564: 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11538: 11536: 11530: 11529: 11527: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11506: 11501: 11496: 11491: 11486: 11481: 11476: 11474:Timothy Snyder 11471: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11446: 11441: 11436: 11431: 11426: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11406: 11404:Vojtech Mastny 11401: 11399:Geir Lundestad 11396: 11391: 11389:Walter Laqueur 11386: 11384:Walter LaFeber 11381: 11376: 11371: 11366: 11361: 11356: 11351: 11346: 11341: 11336: 11331: 11326: 11321: 11316: 11314:André Fontaine 11311: 11306: 11301: 11296: 11291: 11286: 11281: 11276: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11244:Gar Alperovitz 11240: 11238: 11234: 11233: 11231: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11214: 11212: 11206: 11205: 11202: 11201: 11199: 11198: 11193: 11187: 11186: 11181: 11174: 11169: 11161: 11159: 11155: 11154: 11152: 11151: 11144: 11139: 11132: 11125: 11120: 11113: 11106: 11099: 11093: 11091: 11084: 11080: 11079: 11077: 11076: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11020: 11018: 11014: 11013: 11010: 11009: 11007: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10984:Third-Worldism 10981: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10885: 10883: 10879: 10878: 10876: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10812: 10810: 10804: 10803: 10801: 10800: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10773:Libertarianism 10770: 10765: 10764: 10763: 10753: 10751:Chicago school 10748: 10742: 10740: 10731: 10727: 10726: 10724: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10696:Nixon Doctrine 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10642: 10640: 10639:Foreign policy 10636: 10635: 10633: 10632: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10591: 10589: 10583: 10582: 10580: 10579: 10574: 10573: 10572: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10521: 10519: 10515: 10514: 10512: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10496: 10491: 10486: 10481: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10424:Operation RYAN 10421: 10416: 10411: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10386: 10381: 10376: 10371: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10331: 10329:Able Archer 83 10326: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10306: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10275: 10274: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10245: 10240: 10234: 10232: 10228: 10227: 10225: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10126: 10121: 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10079:Oromo conflict 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10019:Yom Kippur War 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9878: 9876: 9872: 9871: 9869: 9868: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9842: 9841: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9802: 9797: 9796: 9795: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9674: 9673: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9651:Aden Emergency 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9602: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9569:Papua conflict 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9550: 9549: 9539: 9538: 9537: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9501: 9499: 9495: 9494: 9492: 9491: 9486: 9485: 9484: 9474: 9472:Kitchen Debate 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9432:Sputnik crisis 9429: 9424: 9416: 9409: 9404: 9402:Polish October 9399: 9394: 9389: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9302:Pact of Madrid 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9257:Bamboo Curtain 9253: 9251: 9247: 9246: 9244: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9227: 9226: 9216: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9150: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9056: 9048: 9040: 9035: 9030: 9025: 9017: 9012: 9011: 9010: 9005: 8997: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8963: 8961: 8957: 8956: 8954: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8906: 8898: 8895: 8894: 8887: 8886: 8879: 8872: 8864: 8855: 8854: 8852: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8835: 8833: 8829: 8828: 8826: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8779: 8777: 8773: 8772: 8770: 8769: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8743: 8741: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8706:Project FUBELT 8703: 8698: 8693: 8687: 8685: 8681: 8680: 8673: 8672: 8665: 8658: 8650: 8633: 8619: 8612: 8600: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8584: 8571: 8568:Democracy Now! 8560: 8555: 8549: 8534: 8533:External links 8531: 8530: 8529: 8522: 8515: 8508: 8498: 8489: 8465:Peter Kornbluh 8462: 8452: 8440: 8435:, Washington: 8429: 8422: 8416: 8396: 8385: 8378: 8371: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8356: 8330: 8304: 8278: 8251: 8225: 8199: 8180: 8154: 8128: 8116:In These Times 8102: 8076: 8046: 8016: 7995: 7968: 7939: 7907: 7892:(in Spanish). 7877: 7860:(in Spanish). 7833: 7817: 7801: 7792: 7766: 7724: 7715: 7687: 7672: 7651: 7630: 7604: 7587:Opencanada.org 7573: 7557: 7525: 7498: 7481:(in Spanish). 7463: 7435: 7420: 7389: 7371: 7342: 7327: 7288: 7264: 7239: 7215: 7191: 7157: 7139: 7111: 7079: 7059: 7050:Harper and Row 7034: 7008: 6990: 6965:Hilton, Ronald 6956: 6930: 6896: 6889: 6869: 6843: 6834: 6806: 6779: 6757: 6725: 6698: 6691: 6671: 6644: 6622: 6596: 6570: 6542: 6520: 6494: 6477: 6451: 6429: 6403: 6374: 6363:on 12 May 2011 6348: 6322: 6300: 6287: 6280: 6262: 6236: 6206: 6197: 6190: 6170: 6144: 6139:Democracy Now! 6126: 6100: 6074: 6060: 6037: 6011: 6004: 5983: 5955: 5937: 5910: 5886: 5868: 5850: 5830: 5823: 5801: 5783: 5759: 5738: 5691: 5679: 5652: 5636: 5607: 5595: 5560: 5545: 5533: 5524: 5515: 5509: 5488: 5482:978-0786455522 5481: 5463: 5431: 5411: 5389: 5367: 5348: 5335: 5309: 5302: 5282: 5267: 5237: 5214: 5188: 5152: 5127: 5116:Foreign Policy 5102: 5087: 5067: 5052: 5032: 5021:on 4 June 2012 4996: 4970: 4963: 4929: 4914: 4893:10.2307/165728 4887:(3): 339–368. 4867: 4841: 4815: 4793: 4771: 4738: 4711: 4686: 4655: 4635: 4614:Peter Kornbluh 4606: 4584: 4577: 4557: 4514: 4478: 4464: 4433: 4419: 4391: 4365: 4339: 4310: 4282: 4256: 4245:on 8 July 2018 4225: 4195: 4189:978-0415664578 4188: 4155: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4125: 4118: 4111: 4104: 4097: 4090: 4083: 4075: 4068: 4061: 4054: 4047: 4040: 4033: 4026: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3990:René Schneider 3987: 3984:Project FUBELT 3981: 3976: 3970: 3965: 3962:Cuban packages 3959: 3952: 3945: 3942: 3853: 3850: 3812: 3809: 3781: 3778: 3750: 3749: 3743: 3738:(the ship was 3732: 3712: 3709: 3688: 3685: 3677:Roberto Thieme 3610:Unidad Popular 3594:The newspaper 3585: 3582: 3485:Main article: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3442:Main article: 3439: 3436: 3352:Villa Grimaldi 3330:Sheila Cassidy 3296:Charles Horman 3258:Main article: 3255: 3252: 3116: 3115: 3098:September 2018 3030: 3028: 3021: 3015: 3012: 2912: 2882:New York Times 2862: 2854: 2851: 2826: 2823: 2811:abuse of power 2805: 2802: 2788: 2785: 2746:Roberto Souper 2735: 2732: 2721:anti-communist 2651: 2648: 2602:René Schneider 2578:Pedro Vuskovic 2544:Radomiro Tomic 2540:National Party 2518:Main article: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2503: 2496: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2481: 2467: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2427:Mining history 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2403: 2401:Related topics 2400: 2399: 2396: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2309: 2306: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2298: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2283: 2280: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2202: 2199: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2173:Colonial Chile 2170: 2164: 2162:Colonial times 2161: 2160: 2157: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2150:Incas in Chile 2147: 2145:Early Mapuches 2142: 2137: 2131: 2128: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2120:Years in Chile 2109: 2108: 2100: 2099: 2090: 2089: 2082: 2076: 2073: 1988:military junta 1936: 1935: 1933: 1932: 1925: 1918: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1894: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1887: 1882: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1845: 1844: 1843: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1822: 1821: 1820: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1751: 1750: 1749: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1710: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1648: 1641:Yom Kippur War 1638: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1618: 1616: 1615: 1613:Apollo program 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1583:Visit to China 1580: 1572: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1552: 1551: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1525: 1524: 1523: 1521:Vietnamization 1518: 1516:Nixon Doctrine 1513: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1488: 1486: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1467: 1465: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1457: 1451:Inaugurations 1449: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1423: 1422: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1400:Kitchen Debate 1397: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1364: 1363: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1310: 1298:a series about 1294: 1292: 1276: 1275: 1273: 1272: 1265: 1258: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1055: 1052: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1035: 1034: 1032: 1031: 1024: 1017: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1002: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 978: 975: 974: 971: 970: 967: 966: 961: 956: 951: 945: 942: 941: 938: 937: 934: 933: 928: 922: 919: 918: 915: 914: 911: 910: 905: 900: 898:Villa Grimaldi 895: 890: 882: 879: 878: 875: 874: 871: 870: 865: 860: 853: 848: 843: 838: 832: 829: 828: 825: 824: 821: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 769: 766: 765: 762: 761: 758: 757: 752: 747: 742: 736: 733: 732: 729: 728: 725: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 683: 680: 679: 676: 675: 672: 671: 664: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 618: 615: 614: 611: 610: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 578: 565: 560: 546: 543: 542: 539: 538: 528: 527: 523: 522: 518: 517: 513: 512: 499:United Kingdom 433: 386: 385: 381: 380: 333: 288: 287: 283: 282: 266: 265: 260: 255: 250: 229: 216: 215: 203: 175: 174: 170: 169: 166: 165: 164: 163: 153: 148: 137: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 119: 117: 113: 112: 109: 101: 100: 87: 75: 74: 73: 64: 63: 62: 53: 52: 51: 50: 49: 48: 45: 44: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15494: 15483: 15480: 15478: 15475: 15473: 15470: 15468: 15465: 15463: 15460: 15458: 15455: 15453: 15450: 15448: 15445: 15443: 15440: 15438: 15435: 15433: 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15420: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15397:1973 in Chile 15395: 15393: 15390: 15389: 15387: 15372: 15369: 15367: 15364: 15363: 15358: 15354: 15351: 15347: 15346: 15342: 15332: 15329: 15327: 15324: 15322: 15319: 15317: 15314: 15312: 15309: 15307: 15304: 15302: 15299: 15297: 15294: 15292: 15289: 15287: 15284: 15282: 15279: 15278: 15276: 15274: 15270: 15264: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15251: 15249: 15246: 15242: 15239: 15238: 15237: 15234: 15232: 15229: 15227: 15224: 15222: 15219: 15217: 15214: 15212: 15209: 15207: 15204: 15203: 15200: 15197: 15195: 15191: 15181: 15178: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15168: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15150: 15148: 15145: 15143: 15140: 15138: 15135: 15133: 15130: 15128: 15125: 15123: 15120: 15119: 15116: 15113: 15111: 15107: 15097: 15094: 15092: 15089: 15087: 15084: 15082: 15079: 15078: 15076: 15074: 15070: 15060: 15057: 15055: 15052: 15050: 15047: 15046: 15044: 15042:Public safety 15040: 15034: 15031: 15029: 15026: 15024: 15023:Supreme Court 15021: 15019: 15016: 15012: 15009: 15007: 15004: 15003: 15002: 14999: 14995: 14992: 14991: 14990: 14987: 14985: 14982: 14981: 14979: 14977: 14973: 14967: 14964: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14952: 14949: 14947: 14944: 14942: 14939: 14937: 14934: 14933: 14930: 14926: 14923: 14921: 14917: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14897: 14894: 14892: 14889: 14887: 14884: 14882: 14879: 14877: 14874: 14872: 14869: 14867: 14864: 14862: 14859: 14857: 14854: 14852: 14849: 14847: 14844: 14842: 14839: 14837: 14834: 14832: 14829: 14827: 14824: 14823: 14820: 14817: 14815: 14811: 14806: 14788: 14785: 14783: 14780: 14778: 14775: 14773: 14770: 14768: 14765: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14755: 14754: 14752: 14748: 14739: 14736: 14731: 14728: 14723: 14720: 14715: 14712: 14707: 14704: 14699: 14696: 14691: 14688: 14683: 14680: 14675: 14672: 14667: 14664: 14659: 14656: 14652: 14648: 14643: 14640: 14639: 14637: 14633: 14630: 14628: 14624: 14621: 14619: 14615: 14611: 14607: 14600: 14595: 14593: 14588: 14586: 14581: 14580: 14577: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14556: 14553: 14546: 14543: 14540: 14537: 14534: 14531: 14529: 14526: 14525: 14523: 14519: 14513: 14510: 14508: 14505: 14503: 14500: 14497: 14494: 14492: 14489: 14487: 14484: 14482: 14479: 14476: 14473: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14459: 14456: 14453: 14450: 14448: 14445: 14443: 14440: 14439: 14437: 14435: 14431: 14424: 14421: 14418: 14415: 14412: 14409: 14406: 14403: 14400: 14397: 14394: 14391: 14388: 14385: 14382: 14379: 14376: 14372: 14369: 14366: 14363: 14360: 14357: 14356: 14354: 14350:Overt actions 14348: 14341: 14338: 14335: 14332: 14329: 14326: 14323: 14320: 14319: 14317: 14313: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14296: 14293: 14290: 14286: 14283: 14280: 14277: 14274: 14271: 14270: 14268: 14264: 14260: 14253: 14248: 14246: 14241: 14239: 14234: 14233: 14230: 14218: 14214: 14212: 14209: 14206: 14205: 14202: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14187: 14185: 14181: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14167: 14165: 14162: 14160: 14157: 14155: 14152: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14136: 14134: 14130: 14124: 14121: 14119: 14116: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14094: 14091: 14089: 14086: 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14068: 14065: 14064: 14062: 14058: 14052: 14049: 14047: 14046:Panama (1989) 14044: 14042: 14039: 14037: 14034: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13988: 13986: 13982: 13976: 13973: 13971: 13968: 13966: 13963: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13951: 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13925: 13923: 13920: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13907: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13838: 13836: 13832: 13826: 13823: 13821: 13818: 13816: 13815:Panama (1968) 13813: 13811: 13808: 13806: 13805:Brazil (1964) 13803: 13801: 13798: 13796: 13793: 13791: 13788: 13786: 13783: 13781: 13778: 13776: 13773: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13763: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13752: 13750: 13746: 13740: 13737: 13735: 13734:Brazil (1959) 13732: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13720: 13717: 13715: 13712: 13710: 13707: 13705: 13702: 13700: 13697: 13695: 13694:Brazil (1956) 13692: 13690: 13689:Brazil (1955) 13687: 13685: 13682: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13649:Panama (1951) 13647: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13636: 13634: 13630: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13558: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13545:Brazil (1945) 13543: 13539: 13536: 13534: 13531: 13529: 13526: 13525: 13523: 13520: 13518: 13515: 13513: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13502:Panama (1941) 13500: 13498: 13495: 13494: 13492: 13488: 13482: 13479: 13477: 13474: 13472: 13471:Brazil (1938) 13469: 13467: 13464: 13462: 13461:Brazil (1937) 13459: 13457: 13454: 13452: 13449: 13447: 13444: 13442: 13439: 13437: 13434: 13432: 13429: 13427: 13424: 13422: 13419: 13417: 13414: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13392: 13389: 13387: 13384: 13382: 13379: 13378: 13376: 13373: 13371: 13368: 13366: 13365:Panama (1931) 13363: 13361: 13360:Brazil (1930) 13358: 13356: 13353: 13351: 13348: 13346: 13343: 13342: 13340: 13336: 13330: 13327: 13325: 13322: 13320: 13317: 13315: 13314:Brazil (1922) 13312: 13310: 13309:Mexico (1920) 13307: 13305: 13302: 13301: 13299: 13295: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13258:Mexico (1913) 13256: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13230:Mexico (1911) 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13217: 13215: 13211: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13190: 13187: 13185: 13182: 13180: 13179:Brazil (1904) 13177: 13175: 13172: 13170: 13167: 13165: 13162: 13160: 13157: 13156: 13154: 13150: 13145: 13141: 13134: 13129: 13127: 13122: 13120: 13115: 13114: 13111: 13098: 13097: 13092: 13089: 13088: 13083: 13082: 13079: 13072: 13068: 13065: 13061: 13056: 13052: 13051: 13049: 13045: 13041: 13040: 13035: 13032: 13028: 13023: 13019: 13018: 13016: 13012: 13009: 13005: 13002: 12998: 12995: 12991: 12986: 12982: 12979: 12975: 12972: 12968: 12967: 12965: 12961: 12960: 12958: 12956: 12952: 12945: 12941: 12938: 12934: 12931: 12927: 12924: 12920: 12917: 12913: 12910: 12906: 12903: 12899: 12894: 12890: 12889: 12887: 12883: 12880: 12876: 12871: 12867: 12864: 12860: 12857: 12853: 12850: 12846: 12843: 12839: 12836: 12832: 12829: 12825: 12822: 12818: 12817: 12815: 12811: 12806: 12802: 12799: 12795: 12794: 12792: 12788: 12787: 12785: 12783: 12780:Environmental 12777: 12770: 12766: 12763: 12759: 12756: 12752: 12749: 12745: 12742: 12738: 12735: 12731: 12728: 12724: 12721: 12717: 12714: 12710: 12707: 12703: 12698: 12694: 12693: 12691: 12687: 12682: 12678: 12677: 12675: 12671: 12668: 12664: 12659: 12655: 12652: 12648: 12645: 12641: 12640: 12638: 12634: 12629: 12625: 12622: 12618: 12615: 12611: 12610: 12608: 12604: 12599: 12595: 12592: 12588: 12587: 12585: 12581: 12578: 12574: 12571: 12567: 12564: 12560: 12557: 12553: 12550: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12541: 12537: 12528: 12524: 12523: 12521: 12517: 12514: 12510: 12507: 12503: 12500: 12496: 12493: 12489: 12484: 12480: 12477: 12473: 12472: 12470: 12466: 12463: 12459: 12456: 12452: 12449: 12445: 12442: 12438: 12435: 12431: 12428: 12424: 12421: 12417: 12414: 12410: 12407: 12403: 12398: 12394: 12391: 12387: 12386: 12384: 12380: 12375: 12371: 12370: 12368: 12364: 12361: 12357: 12354: 12350: 12347: 12343: 12342: 12340: 12336: 12329: 12325: 12322: 12318: 12313: 12309: 12306: 12302: 12299: 12295: 12292: 12291:SALT I Treaty 12288: 12285: 12281: 12278: 12274: 12273: 12271: 12267: 12264: 12260: 12255: 12251: 12250: 12248: 12244: 12241: 12237: 12232: 12228: 12227: 12225: 12221: 12216: 12212: 12208: 12203: 12200: 12196: 12193: 12189: 12188: 12186: 12182: 12179: 12175: 12172: 12168: 12167: 12165: 12163: 12159: 12152: 12148: 12145: 12141: 12136: 12135:controversies 12132: 12129: 12128:Supreme Court 12125: 12124: 12122: 12118: 12115: 12111: 12108: 12104: 12101: 12097: 12094: 12090: 12087: 12083: 12080: 12076: 12073: 12069: 12066: 12062: 12059: 12055: 12052: 12048: 12042: 12037: 12036: 12034: 12030: 12027: 12023: 12022: 12020: 12018: 12014: 12009: 12002: 11997: 11995: 11990: 11988: 11983: 11982: 11979: 11973: 11969: 11968: 11963: 11950: 11947: 11945: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11935: 11932: 11930: 11927: 11925: 11924:Radical Party 11922: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11912: 11910: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11900: 11897: 11895: 11892: 11890: 11887: 11885: 11882: 11881: 11879: 11875: 11868: 11865: 11862: 11859: 11856: 11855:Lucía Hiriart 11853: 11852: 11850: 11846: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11834:Valech Report 11832: 11830: 11829:Rettig Report 11827: 11825: 11822: 11821: 11819: 11815: 11809: 11806: 11804: 11801: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11771: 11770: 11768: 11764: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11729: 11727: 11723: 11719: 11712: 11707: 11705: 11700: 11698: 11693: 11692: 11689: 11677: 11674: 11672: 11669: 11667: 11664: 11663: 11660: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11638:War on terror 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11615: 11613: 11609: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11555: 11553: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11543: 11540: 11539: 11537: 11533:Espionage and 11531: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11500: 11497: 11495: 11492: 11490: 11487: 11485: 11484:Andrew Thorpe 11482: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11470: 11467: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11440: 11437: 11435: 11432: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11417: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11405: 11402: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11380: 11379:Gabriel Kolko 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11360: 11357: 11355: 11352: 11350: 11347: 11345: 11344:Fred Halliday 11342: 11340: 11337: 11335: 11332: 11330: 11329:Lloyd Gardner 11327: 11325: 11322: 11320: 11317: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11289:Norman Davies 11287: 11285: 11282: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11274:John Costello 11272: 11270: 11267: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11241: 11239: 11235: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11215: 11213: 11209:Technological 11207: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11188: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11179: 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11167: 11163: 11162: 11160: 11156: 11150: 11149: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11137: 11133: 11131: 11130: 11126: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11118: 11114: 11112: 11111: 11107: 11105: 11104: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11094: 11092: 11090:Pro-communist 11088: 11085: 11081: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11021: 11019: 11017:Organizations 11015: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10886: 10884: 10880: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10848: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10831:Eurocommunism 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10813: 10811: 10809: 10805: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10762: 10759: 10758: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10743: 10741: 10739: 10735: 10732: 10728: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10661:Domino theory 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10637: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10615:South Ossetia 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10592: 10590: 10588: 10584: 10578: 10575: 10571: 10568: 10567: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10522: 10520: 10516: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10485: 10482: 10480: 10477: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10409: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10399:8888 Uprising 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10385: 10382: 10380: 10377: 10375: 10372: 10370: 10367: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10352: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10344:Iran–Iraq War 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10310: 10309:Falklands War 10307: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10273: 10270: 10269: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10236: 10235: 10233: 10229: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10172:NDF Rebellion 10170: 10168: 10165: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10152:German Autumn 10150: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10132: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10039:Metapolitefsi 10037: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9934: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9879: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9864: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9840: 9837: 9836: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9808: 9803: 9801: 9800:Prague Spring 9798: 9794: 9791: 9790: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9778:Al-Wadiah War 9776: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9743:12-3 incident 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9586: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9548: 9545: 9544: 9543: 9540: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9502: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9487: 9483: 9480: 9479: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9422: 9417: 9414: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9387: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9340: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9322:Domino theory 9320: 9318: 9317:Petrov Affair 9315: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9254: 9252: 9248: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9225: 9222: 9221: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9194:Madiun Affair 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9154:Marshall Plan 9152: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9134: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9062: 9057: 9055: 9054: 9049: 9047: 9046: 9041: 9039: 9036: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9023: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9003: 8998: 8996: 8995: 8990: 8989: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8958: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8911: 8907: 8905: 8904: 8903:United States 8900: 8899: 8896: 8892: 8885: 8880: 8878: 8873: 8871: 8866: 8865: 8862: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8836: 8834: 8832:Controversies 8830: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8780: 8778: 8774: 8768: 8767:César Mendoza 8765: 8763: 8762:Gustavo Leigh 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8701:1970 election 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8671: 8666: 8664: 8659: 8657: 8652: 8651: 8648: 8641: 8637: 8622: 8582: 8581: 8576: 8572: 8570: 8569: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8553: 8550: 8544: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8527: 8523: 8520: 8516: 8513: 8509: 8506: 8502: 8499: 8496: 8495: 8490: 8488: 8484: 8480: 8476: 8475:The New Press 8472: 8471: 8466: 8463: 8460: 8456: 8453: 8450: 8449: 8444: 8441: 8438: 8434: 8430: 8427: 8423: 8419: 8413: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8397: 8394: 8390: 8386: 8383: 8379: 8376: 8372: 8369: 8365: 8364: 8344: 8340: 8334: 8318: 8314: 8308: 8292: 8288: 8282: 8266: 8262: 8255: 8240: 8236: 8229: 8213: 8209: 8203: 8195: 8191: 8184: 8168: 8164: 8158: 8142: 8138: 8132: 8117: 8113: 8106: 8091: 8087: 8080: 8064: 8060: 8053: 8051: 8034: 8030: 8026: 8020: 8012: 8006: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7983: 7979: 7972: 7956: 7952: 7946: 7944: 7927: 7923: 7922: 7917: 7911: 7895: 7891: 7887: 7881: 7872: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7855: 7848: 7846: 7844: 7842: 7840: 7838: 7830: 7826: 7821: 7814: 7811:Todd, P. N., 7808: 7806: 7796: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7776: 7770: 7762: 7758: 7754: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7735: 7728: 7719: 7711: 7707: 7703: 7699: 7698: 7691: 7683: 7676: 7668: 7667: 7662: 7655: 7647: 7646: 7641: 7634: 7618: 7614: 7608: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7577: 7571: 7567: 7561: 7545: 7544: 7539: 7532: 7530: 7513: 7509: 7502: 7493: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7479: 7474: 7467: 7452: 7451: 7446: 7439: 7431: 7424: 7413: 7409: 7402: 7401: 7393: 7385: 7381: 7375: 7359: 7358: 7353: 7346: 7338: 7331: 7323: 7319: 7315: 7311: 7308:(1): 99–127. 7307: 7303: 7299: 7292: 7284: 7283:LOM Ediciones 7280: 7273: 7271: 7269: 7253: 7249: 7243: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7229:The Economist 7225: 7219: 7211: 7210: 7205: 7201: 7200:Gott, Richard 7195: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7161: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7128: 7127: 7122: 7115: 7100: 7096: 7095: 7090: 7083: 7075: 7074: 7069: 7063: 7055: 7051: 7047: 7046: 7038: 7023: 7019: 7012: 7004: 7000: 6994: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6960: 6945: 6941: 6934: 6918: 6914: 6912: 6907: 6904:Wilde, Alex. 6900: 6892: 6886: 6882: 6881: 6873: 6857: 6853: 6847: 6838: 6822: 6821: 6816: 6810: 6794: 6790: 6783: 6775: 6771: 6767: 6761: 6745: 6741: 6740: 6735: 6729: 6713: 6709: 6702: 6694: 6688: 6684: 6683: 6675: 6659: 6655: 6648: 6633: 6626: 6610: 6606: 6600: 6584: 6580: 6574: 6558: 6557: 6552: 6546: 6530: 6524: 6508: 6504: 6498: 6490: 6489: 6481: 6465: 6461: 6455: 6439: 6433: 6417: 6413: 6407: 6391: 6390: 6385: 6378: 6362: 6358: 6352: 6336: 6332: 6326: 6310: 6304: 6297: 6296:LOM Ediciones 6291: 6283: 6277: 6273: 6266: 6250: 6246: 6240: 6224: 6223:El País Chile 6220: 6213: 6211: 6201: 6193: 6187: 6183: 6182: 6174: 6159: 6155: 6148: 6141: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6115: 6111: 6104: 6088: 6084: 6078: 6070: 6064: 6048: 6041: 6035:, 1974, p. 87 6034: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6019:Axelsson, Sun 6015: 6007: 6001: 5997: 5990: 5988: 5972: 5971: 5966: 5959: 5952: 5948: 5947: 5941: 5934: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5914: 5907: 5902: 5898: 5897: 5890: 5882: 5875: 5873: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5846: 5842: 5841: 5834: 5826: 5820: 5815: 5814: 5805: 5797: 5793: 5787: 5780: 5776: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5755: 5751: 5750: 5742: 5734: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5711:(1): 93–116. 5710: 5706: 5702: 5695: 5689:on Wikisource 5688: 5683: 5667: 5666:El País Chile 5663: 5656: 5649: 5643: 5641: 5624: 5617: 5611: 5605:on Wikisource 5604: 5599: 5592: 5578: 5574: 5572: 5571:El Tanquetazo 5564: 5556: 5549: 5540: 5538: 5528: 5519: 5512: 5506: 5502: 5495: 5493: 5484: 5478: 5474: 5467: 5450: 5446: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5399: 5393: 5384: 5380: 5374: 5372: 5364: 5360: 5357: 5352: 5345: 5339: 5323: 5319: 5313: 5305: 5299: 5295: 5294: 5286: 5278: 5271: 5264: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5235: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5218: 5203: 5199: 5192: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5156: 5141: 5137: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5113: 5106: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5084: 5080: 5079: 5071: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5053:1-876175-50-8 5049: 5045: 5044: 5036: 5020: 5016: 5015: 5010: 5003: 5001: 4984: 4977: 4975: 4966: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4940: 4933: 4925: 4918: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4871: 4856: 4852: 4845: 4830: 4826: 4819: 4803: 4797: 4781: 4775: 4759: 4755: 4750: 4742: 4726: 4722: 4715: 4700: 4696: 4690: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4659: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4624:The New Press 4621: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4602: 4601: 4593: 4591: 4589: 4580: 4574: 4570: 4569: 4561: 4554: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4518: 4511: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4482: 4467: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4448: 4440: 4438: 4422: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4403: 4395: 4380: 4376: 4369: 4354: 4350: 4343: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4314: 4299: 4298: 4293: 4286: 4271: 4267: 4260: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4229: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4199: 4191: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4159: 4152: 4150: 4144: 4137: 4133: 4124: 4123: 4119: 4117: 4116: 4112: 4110: 4109: 4105: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4089: 4088: 4087:¡Nae pasaran! 4084: 4082: 4080: 4076: 4074: 4073: 4069: 4067: 4066: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4053: 4052: 4048: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4025: 4024: 4020: 4019: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4005:Valech Report 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3995:Rettig Report 3993: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3957: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3905:Gustavo Petro 3903:, Colombia's 3902: 3901:António Costa 3899:, Portugal's 3898: 3893: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3882:Ricardo Lagos 3879: 3875: 3874:Gabriel Boric 3870: 3867: 3858: 3849: 3845: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3801:Ricardo Lagos 3798: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3780:Commemoration 3777: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3766:Marble Island 3763: 3759: 3755: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3736:Marble Island 3733: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3684: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3672: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3654: 3651:(USSOUTHCOM) 3650: 3646: 3641: 3639: 3633: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3598: 3591: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3558: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3520: 3518: 3517:Don Francisco 3514: 3510: 3506: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3464: 3458: 3456: 3450: 3445: 3435: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3424:army privates 3421: 3418:, three army 3417: 3412: 3410: 3406: 3400: 3398: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3382: 3381:Valech Report 3378: 3377: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3348: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3322: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3300:Frank Teruggi 3297: 3293: 3292: 3291:desaparecidos 3287: 3283: 3282:disappearance 3279: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3251: 3247: 3245: 3241: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3227:Hawker Hunter 3223: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3195: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3162:Gustavo Leigh 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3112: 3109: 3101: 3090: 3087: 3083: 3080: 3076: 3073: 3069: 3066: 3062: 3059: – 3058: 3054: 3053:Find sources: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3031:This section 3029: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3011: 3009: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2967: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2945: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2930: 2923: 2922: 2918: 2917:William Colby 2911: 2909: 2902: 2897: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2875: 2873: 2868: 2860: 2850: 2848: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2812: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2775: 2769: 2766: 2765:Supreme Court 2761: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2741: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2722: 2717: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2677: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2662: 2658: 2657:country clubs 2647: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2625:Popular Unity 2621: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2606:Roberto Viaux 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2574: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2509: 2504: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2468: 2466: 2465: 2454: 2453: 2451: 2450: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2398: 2397: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2337: 2336: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2310: 2304: 2303: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2129:Early history 2126: 2125: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2101: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2080: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2030: 2028: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1965:Popular Unity 1962: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1931: 1926: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1912: 1911: 1909: 1908: 1898: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1857: 1855: 1854: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1818: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1755: 1752: 1748: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1671: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1593:War on cancer 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1557: 1556: 1553: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1528:Environmental 1526: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1421: 1418: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1362: 1361:1950 election 1359: 1358: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1349:1946 election 1347: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1307: 1305:Richard Nixon 1293: 1290: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1271: 1266: 1264: 1259: 1257: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1248: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1216: 1215: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1050: 1049: 1046: 1045:regime change 1041: 1040: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1007: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 990: 987: 984: 980: 979: 973: 972: 965: 962: 960: 959:Valech Report 957: 955: 954:Rettig Report 952: 950: 947: 946: 940: 939: 932: 929: 927: 926:Full stop law 924: 923: 917: 916: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 888: 884: 883: 877: 876: 869: 866: 864: 861: 858: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 833: 827: 826: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 778:Orlando Bosch 776: 774: 773:Alfredo Astiz 771: 770: 764: 763: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 737: 731: 730: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 684: 678: 677: 670: 669: 668:Desaparecidos 665: 663: 662:Death flights 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 619: 613: 612: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 588: 582: 579: 575: 569: 566: 564: 561: 557: 551: 548: 547: 541: 540: 537: 534: 533: 524: 519: 514: 511: 506: 500: 495: 489: 484: 478: 473: 467: 455: 444: 434: 432: 420: 409: 398: 388: 387: 382: 379: 378:César Mendoza 368: 367:Gustavo Leigh 357: 346: 345: 334: 332: 321: 310: 309: 307: 301: 290: 289: 284: 281: 280:United States 270: 269:Supported by: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 245: 244: 243: 242: 230: 226: 214: 204: 202: 201:Popular Unity 198: 194: 193: 192: 190: 189: 184: 177: 176: 171: 162:assumed power 161: 157: 154: 152: 149: 146: 145:Popular Unity 143: 142: 141: 138: 135: 134: 130: 127: 126: 122: 118: 115: 114: 110: 107: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 79: 68: 57: 46: 43: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 15211:Demographics 15132:Central Bank 15001:Human rights 14989:Constitution 14772:Expansionism 14682:Independence 14485: 14216: 14215:no sign for 14164:Haiti (2004) 14154:Haiti (2001) 14077:Haiti (1991) 14041:Haiti (1989) 13893: 13841:Haiti (1970) 13714:Haiti (1958) 13639:Haiti (1950) 13560:Haiti (1946) 13481:Chile (1939) 13476:Chile (1938) 13324:Chile (1925) 13319:Chile (1924) 13278:Haiti (1915) 13225:Haiti (1911) 13199:Haiti (1908) 13169:Haiti (1902) 13094: 13085: 13037: 13015:Enemies List 12469:War on drugs 12262: 11965: 11824:Chicago Boys 11731: 11643:Brinkmanship 11535:intelligence 11424:Marius Oprea 11374:Harvey Klehr 11304:Herbert Feis 11294:Willem Drees 11259:Archie Brown 11176: 11164: 11146: 11136:Trybuna Ludu 11134: 11127: 11123:Radio Moscow 11115: 11108: 11101: 10929:Anti-Zionism 10845: 10768:Keynesianism 10756:Conservatism 10620:Transnistria 10600:China-Taiwan 10257:Gera Demands 10130: 10013: 9931: 9806: 9611:El Porteñazo 9505:Congo Crisis 9420: 9355:Algerian War 9338: 9214:Western Bloc 9209:Eastern Bloc 9204:Iron Curtain 9060: 9052: 9044: 9021: 9001: 8993: 8910:Soviet Union 8908: 8901: 8818:Chicago Boys 8740:Participants 8716:Carlos Prats 8676: 8578: 8566: 8547:(in Spanish) 8542: 8525: 8518: 8511: 8504: 8494:The Guardian 8492: 8473:, New York: 8468: 8446: 8425: 8403: 8392: 8388: 8381: 8374: 8367: 8349:12 September 8347:. 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