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the artistic and industrial pursuits of their gender. They had to build their own structure because they lost their spot in one of the larger pavilions (the Main
Building) due to an unexpected increase in the participation of foreign countries. Their aim was to employ only women in the construction of the pavilion and even to power it, and they succeeded with the exception of the design by Hermann J. Schwarzmann. Their overarching goal was to advance women's social, economic, and legal standing, abolish restrictions discriminating against their gender, encourage sexual harmony, and gain influence, leverage, and freedom for all women in and outside of the home by increasing women's confidence and ability to choose.
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1557:'s headquarters during the winter of 1779–80. Featuring costumed presenters and a "colonial kitchen" complete with a spinning wheel, the reconstructed mansion was accompanied by a polemical narrative about "old-fashioned domesticity". This quaint hearth-and-home interpretation of the colonial past was counterposed to the theme of progress, with the overarching theme of the exposition serving to reinforce a view of American progress as evolving from a small, hardy colonial stock rather than from a continual influx of multi-ethnic waves of immigration. It sparked an era of "Colonial Revival" in American architecture and house furnishings.
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1,402 ft (427 m) long and 360 ft (110 m) wide, with a wing of 208 ft (63 m) by 210 ft (64 m) attached on the south side of the building. The length of the building was 18 times its height. With eight entrances, it occupied 558,440 sq ft (51,881 m), had 1,900 exhibitors, and took six months to construct. The exhibits focused on machines and evolving industries. Machinery Hall was the show case for the state of the art industrial technology that was being produced at the time. The United States of
America alone took up two-thirds of the exhibit space in the building.
955:, it was the largest art hall in the country when it opened, with a massive 1.5-acre (0.61 ha) footprint and a 150 ft (46 m) dome atop a 59 ft (18 m)-high structure. The central domed area is surrounded by four pavilions on the corners, with open arcades to the east and west of the main entrance. It provided 75,000 sq ft (7,000 m) of wall surface for paintings and 20,000 sq ft (1,900 m) of floor space for sculptures. The exposition received so many art contributions that a separate annex was built to house them all. Another structure was built for the display of
1054:, a frame for stretching and drying lace curtains, and a stocking and glove darner. The Centennial women not only showed domestic production but also employed a popular means for justifying female autonomy outside of the home by demonstrating to visitors the many ways women were making a profitable living. Exhibits demonstrated positive achievements and women's influence in domains such as industrial and fine arts (wood-carvings, furniture-making, and ceramics), fancy articles (clothing and woven goods), and philanthropy as well as philosophy, science, medicine, education, and literature.
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544:, brother of philanthropist William Welsh, who had raised funds for the Great Sanitary Fair in 1864. The board was authorized to sell up to $ 10 million in stock via $ 10 shares. The board sold $ 1,784,320 ($ 45,381,205 in 2023) worth of shares by February 22, 1873. Philadelphia contributed $ 1.5 million and Pennsylvania gave $ 1 million. On February 11, 1876, Congress appropriated $ 1.5 million in a loan.
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long, sunken parterre leading to
Horticultural Hall became the exposition's iconic floral feature, reproduced on countless postcards and other memorabilia. This sunken garden enabled visitors on the raised walkways to see the patterns and shapes of the flowerbeds. After the Exposition, the building continued to be used for horticultural exhibits until it was severely damaged by
692:, an engineer for the Fairmount Park Commission, was appointed the main designer of the exposition. In 1869, Schwarzmann began working for the Fairmount Park Commission, which administered the site of the 1876 Centennial Exposition. It is one of the great urban parks of the United States; its importance in landscape history was surpassed only by
1097:, New York City. The British buildings were extensive and exhibited the evolved bicycle, with tension spokes and a large front wheel. Two English manufacturers, Bayless Thomas and Rudge, displayed their high-wheel bikes (called "ordinary bikes" or "penny farthings") at the exposition. The bicycle displays inspired
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brick-laid design with stained glass or painted glass decorations. The
Interior walls were whitewashed, and woodwork was decorated with shades of green, crimson, blue, and gold. The flooring of the building was made of wooden planks that rested directly on the ground without any air space underneath them.
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In the days following the opening ceremony, attendance dropped dramatically, with only 12,720 people visiting the exposition the next day. The average daily attendance for May was 36,000 and for June 39,000. A severe heat wave began in mid-June and continued into July, hurting attendance. The average
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The orientation of the building was east–west in direction, making it well lit, and glass was used between the frames to let in light. Skylights were set over the central aisles of the structure. The corridors of the building were separated by fountains that were attractive and also provided cooling.
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for the principal buildings, conducted in two rounds; winners of the first round had to have details such as construction cost and time prepared for the runoff on
September 20, 1873. After the ten design winners were chosen, it was determined that none of them allowed enough time for construction and
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More than 200 buildings were constructed within the exposition's grounds, which were surrounded by a fence nearly three miles long. There were five main buildings in the exposition. They were the Main
Exhibition Building, Memorial Hall, Machinery Hall, Agricultural Hall, and Horticultural Hall. Apart
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Guards were required to live onsite and were housed at six police stations strategically located throughout the
Exposition. A magistrate's office and courtroom were located at the only two-story police station located on the grounds and was used to conduct prisoner hearings. Officers slept in cramped
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The Women's
Pavilion was the first structure at an international exposition to highlight the work of women, with exhibits created and operated by women. Female organizers drew upon deep-rooted traditions of separatism and sorority in planning, fundraising, and managing a pavilion devoted entirely to
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Inside, nurserymen, florists, and landscape architects exhibited a variety of tropical plants, garden equipment, and garden plans. In dramatic fashion, the exposition introduced the general public to the notion of landscape design, as exemplified the building itself and the grounds surrounding it. A
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The building took eighteen months to complete and cost $ 1,580,000. The building was surrounded by portals on all four sides. The east entrance of the building was used as an access way for carriages, and the south entrance of the building served as a primary entrance to the building for streetcars.
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The structure of the building featured a central avenue with a series of parallel sheds that were 120 ft (37 m) wide, 1,832 ft (558 m) long, and 75 ft (23 m) high. It was the longest nave ever introduced into an exhibition building up to that time. On both sides of the
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At the Vienna
Exposition, there was no convenient way for visitors to reach the fairgrounds, and exorbitant rates were charged by carriage drivers. Drawing lessons from this failure, the Philadelphia exposition was ready for its visitors, with direct railroad connections to service passenger trains
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Cooling temperatures, news reports, and word of mouth began increasing attendance in the final three months of the exposition, with many of the visitors coming from farther distances. In
September the average daily attendance rose to 94,000 and in October to 102,000. The highest attendance date of
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Within the building, exhibits were arranged in a grid, in a dual arrangement of type and national origin. Exhibits from the United States were placed in the center of the building, and foreign exhibits were arranged around the center, based on the nation's distance from the United States. Exhibits
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from these buildings, there were separate buildings for state, federal, foreign, corporate, and public comfort buildings. This strategy of numerous buildings in one exposition set it apart from the previous fairs around the world that had relied exclusively on having one or a few large buildings.
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A project of the Women's Centennial Executive Committee, the Women's Pavilion was commissioned in 1873 by the United States Centennial Board of Finance with the expectation that it would generate enthusiasm for the celebration of the fair and increase subscriptions to exposition stock. Elizabeth
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Amenities available to the visitors within the hall were rolling chairs, telegraph offices, and dinner for fifty cents. Machinery Hall had 8,000 operating machines and was filled with a wide assortment of hand tools, machine tools, material handling equipment, and the latest fastener technology.
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In the Main Exhibition Building, columns were placed at a uniform distance of 24 ft (7.3 m). The entire structure consisted of 672 columns, the shortest column 23 ft (7.0 m) in length and the longest 125 ft (38 m) in length. The construction included red and black
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that ran power to all the machinery in the building as well as other parts of the world's fair. The 1,400 horsepower engine was 45 ft (14 m) tall, weighed 650 tons, and had 1 mi (1.6 km) of overhead line belts connecting to the machinery in the building. It symbolized the
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Situated high atop a hill presiding over Fountain Avenue, Horticultural Hall epitomized floral achievement, which attracted professional and amateur gardeners. Unlike the other main buildings, it was meant to be permanent. Horticultural Hall had an iron and glass frame on a brick and marble
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Designed by Joseph M. Wilson and Henry Pettit, Machinery Hall was the second largest structure in the exposition and located west of the Main Exhibition Building. With a superstructure made of wood and glass resting on a foundation of massive masonry, it had a main hall painted light blue,
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After the Exposition, the structure was turned into a permanent building for the International Exhibition. During the auction held on December 1, 1876, it was bought for $ 250,000. It quickly ran into financial difficulties but remained open through 1879 and was finally demolished in 1881.
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Duane Gillespie, president of the Women's Centennial Committee, led the effort to gather 82,000 signatures in two days to raise money for the pavilion. Gillespie also helped convince Congress to grant additional funding. It took only four months to raise the funds for the pavilion.
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Although not financially successful for investors, the Centennial Exposition impressed foreigners with the industrial and commercial growth of the country. The level of exports increased, the level of imports decreased, and the trade balance grew in favor of the United States.
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temperature was 81 °F (27 °C), and on ten days during the heat wave the temperature reached 100 °F (38 °C). The average daily attendance for July was 35,000, but it rose in August to 42,000 despite the return of high temperatures at the end of the month.
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for design and construction of the Main Exhibition Building. A temporary structure, the Main Building was the largest building in the world by area, enclosing 21.5 acres (87,000 m). It measured 464 ft (141 m) in width and 1,880 ft (570 m) in length.
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nave were avenues 100 ft (30 m) in width and 1,832 ft (558 m) in length. Aisles 48 ft (15 m) wide were located between the nave and the side avenues, and smaller aisles 24 ft (7.3 m) in width were on the outer sides of the building.
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gun of 57t was the showpiece of its contribution and drew quite some attention. It was kind of a tradition for Krupp to promote its trade mark by exhibiting its heaviest gun at each world's fair. However, the Philadelphia 57t gun was considerably lighter than the British
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The formal name of the exposition was the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, but the official theme was the celebration of the United States centennial. This was reinforced by promotional tie-ins, such as the publication of
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After the exposition, Memorial Hall reopened in 1877 as the Pennsylvania Museum of Art and included the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art. In 1928 the museum moved to Fairmount at the head of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway, and in 1938 was renamed the
1233:. The final month of the exposition, November, had an average daily attendance of 115,000. By the time the exposition ended on November 10, a total of 10,164,489 had visited the fair. Among the attendees who were duly impressed by the exposition were
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as president. The Centennial Commission's commissioners included one representative from each state and territory in the United States. On June 1, 1872, Congress created a Centennial Board of Finance to help raise money. The board's president was
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was chartered on January 19, 1876, to be the "financial agent of the board at the Centennial Exhibition, receiving and accounting for daily receipts, changing foreign moneys into current funds, etc.," according to an article three days later in
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that the United States Centennial be celebrated with an exposition in Philadelphia. Naysayers argued that the project would not be able to find funding, other nations might not attend, and domestic exhibits might compare poorly to foreign ones.
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ultimately forced repayment. John Welsh enlisted help from the women of Philadelphia who had helped him in the Great Sanitary Fair. A Women's Centennial Executive Committee was formed with Elizabeth Duane Gillespie, a great-granddaughter of
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564:, as president. In its first few months, the group raised $ 40,000. When the group learned the planning commission was not doing much to display the work of women, it raised an additional $ 30,000 for a women's exhibition building.
696:. Schwarzmann was the chief architect for the Centennial Exposition, designing Memorial Hall, Horticultural Hall, other small buildings, and the landscaping around them. His work for the Centennial Exposition was informed by the
505:. With reference to the numerous events of national importance that were held in the past and related to the city of Philadelphia, the City Council resolved in January 1870 to hold the Centennial Exposition in the city in 1876.
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had a cross-shaped building that held exhibits from various government departments. The remaining structures were corporate exhibitions, administration buildings, restaurants, and other buildings designed for public comfort.
807:, education, and science. Offices for foreign commissioners were placed in proximity to the products exhibited along in the aisles along the sides of the building. The walkways leading to the exit doors were ten feet wide.
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1497:, had commissioned from the workshop of Désiré Froc-Robert & Sons in Paris. After the exposition, the altar was installed at the Basilica of the Sacred Heart on Notre Dame's campus where it remains to this day.
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The exterior of the building featured four towers, each 75 ft (23 m) high, at each of the building's corners. These towers had small balconies at different heights that served as observation galleries.
644:. Centennial Guards policed exhibits, kept the peace, reunited lost children, and received, recorded, and when possible, returned lost items, the most unusual of which were front hair pieces and false teeth.
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At the same time, the exposition was designed to show the world the United States' industrial and innovative prowess. The exposition was originally scheduled to open in April, marking the anniversary of the
700:, which Schwarzmann visited to study the buildings and the grounds layout. The Vienna International Exposition in 1873 was marred by disastrous logistic planning and was taken as a cautionary example.
578:. The Commission decided to classify the exhibits into seven departments: agriculture, art, education and science, horticulture, machinery, manufactures, and mining and metallurgy. Newspaper publisher
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featured a steam locomotive and passenger car that straddled a single elevated iron rail. Mass-produced products and new inventions were on display within Machinery Hall. Inventions included the
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as the director general of the Exposition. The Fairmount Park Commission set aside 450 acres (1.8 km) of West Fairmount Park for the exposition, which was dedicated on July 4, 1873, by
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Pennsylvania and the Centennial Exposition: Comprising the Preliminary and Final Reports of the Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers Made to the Legislature at the Sessions of 1877–8
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Pennsylvania and the Centennial Exposition: Comprising the Preliminary and Final Reports of the Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers Made to the Legislature at the Sessions of 1877–8
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Pennsylvania and the Centennial Exposition: Comprising the Preliminary and Final Reports of the Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers Made to the Legislature at the Sessions of 1877–8
1296:'s automatic telegraph system, screw-cutting machines that dramatically improved the production of screws and bolts from 8,000 to 100,000 per day, and a universal grinding machine by the
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Philadelphia passed an ordinance that authorized Mayor William S. Stokley to appoint 500 men as Centennial Guards for the exposition. Among soldiers and local men hired by the city was
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were showcased at the exposition. For a fee of 50 cents, visitors could climb the ladder to the balcony, and the money raised this way was used to fund the pedestal for the statue.
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in the Union war effort. It anticipated the combination of public, private, and commercial investments that were necessary to mount the Centennial Exposition. Both had a similar
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The architecture of the exposition mainly consisted of two types of building, traditional masonry monuments and buildings with a structural framework of iron and steel.
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the entire exposition was September 28. The day, which saw about a quarter of a million people attend, was Pennsylvania Day. It celebrated the 100th anniversary of the
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which powered most of the other machines at the exposition. The official number of first day attendees was 186,272 people, with 110,000 entering with free passes.
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to create a United States Centennial Commission. The bill, which passed on March 3, 1871, provided that the U.S. government would not be liable for any expenses.
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823:, Agricultural Hall was 820 ft (250 m) long and 540 ft (160 m) wide. Made of wood and glass, the building was designed to look like various
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and 32nd Street. A branch office operated during the exposition on the fairgrounds. The Centennial Commission ran out of funds for printing and other expenses.
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parts, with a wood and iron frame resting on a substructure of 672 stone piers. Wrought iron roof trusses were supported by the columns of the superstructure.
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agreed to head and pay for a Philadelphia commission sent to Europe to invite nations to exhibit at the exposition. Despite fears of a European boycott and
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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to garner international recognition of his regime and to counter anti-Mexican public opinion in the United States. Prominent Mexican painters including
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Eleven nations had their own exhibition buildings, and others contributed small structures, including the Swedish School house referenced below, now in
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appearance, including the waving flags, a huge central hall, the "curiosities" and relics, handmade and industrial exhibits, and also a visit from the
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1010:. Memorial Hall continued to house the school, and afterward was taken over by the Fairmount Park Commission in 1958. The museum school is now the
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foundation and was 383 ft (117 m) long, 193 ft (59 m) wide, and 68 ft (21 m) tall. The building was designed in the
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https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064854/http://larouchejapan.com/japanese/drupal-6.14/sites/default/files/text/1876-Centennial-Exhibition.pdf
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26 of the 37 U.S. states constructed buildings along States Drive in the exhibition grounds. Only three such state houses are still extant: the
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competition in 1867–69. Memorial Hall became the prototype, both from a stylistic and organizational standpoint, for other museums such as the
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Memorial Hall was designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann, who basically adopted an art museum plan submitted by Nicholas FĂ©lix Escalier to the
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The north side related the building to the Art Gallery and the west side served as a passageway to the Machinery and Agricultural Halls.
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For Mexico, which was emerging from a long period of internal disorder and foreign invasions, the exposition was an opportunity for the
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The Great Sanitary Fair in 1864 was the model for the Centennial Exposition; it raised $ 1,046,859 for medicine and bandages during the
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2800:(Frank Geyer was hired to work as a centennial guard for the Centennial Exposition. He later became famous for his investigation of
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The Illustrated History of the Centennial Exposition Held in Commemoration of the One Hundredth Anniversary of American Independence
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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part of Philadelphia. A small hospital was built on the exposition's grounds by the Centennial's Medical Bureau, but despite a
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along with new types of mass-produced sewing machines, stoves, lanterns, guns, wagons, carriages, and agricultural equipment.
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to begin making high-wheel bikes in the United States. He started the Columbia Bike Company and published a journal called "
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Sons of Temperance Fountain, Independence Square (moved from Centennial Exhibition grounds at Belmont and Fountain Avenues)
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regime of the late nineteenth century, with many individual women sending examples of woven textiles and embroidery.
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were constructed near the exposition's grounds. A Centennial Lodging-House Agency made a list of rooms in hotels,
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also emulated its form. Finally, Memorial Hall was the architectural inspiration for the German capitol, the
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Mexico participated in the pavilion's exhibits, indicating the growth of a sector of elite women during the
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every 30 minutes, trolley lines, street cars, carriage routes, and even docking facilities on the river.
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precision competition. Until the start of 2004, many of the exposition's exhibits were displayed in the
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was performed. The opening ceremony concluded in Machinery Hall, with Grant and Pedro II turning on the
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displayed the first automatic screw-making machinery and won the Gold Medal in the first international
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The Swedish Cottage, representing a rural Swedish schoolhouse of traditional style, was re-erected in
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exhibited the "largest knife and fork in the world" made by Chinese immigrant workers, among others.
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The main exhibition building; at 21½ acres, it was the largest building in world history at the time.
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soldiers and dedicate themselves to the survival of the nation, and the Great Central Fair bolstered
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https://web.archive.org/web/20151116042008/http://libwww.library.phila.gov/CenCol/exhibitionfax.htm
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The idea of the Centennial Exposition is credited to John L. Campbell, a professor of mathematics,
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quarters, which fostered health issues. Eight guards died while working the Exposition, six from
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The fairs provided a creative and communal means for ordinary citizens to promote the welfare of
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2912:", 35 photos, 4 color transparencies, 3 data pages, 6 photo caption pages
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The Centennial Commission turned to third-place winner's architect Henry Pettit and engineer
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structures pieced together. The building's exhibits included products and machines used in
379:. Nearly 10 million visitors attended the exposition, and 37 countries participated in it.
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Designing the Centennial: A History of the 1876 International Exhibition in Philadelphia
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30:"Centennial Exhibition" redirects here. For the 1939–1940 exhibition in Wellington, see
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The International Centennial Exhibition of 1876; or Why the British Started a World War
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Anon (1992). "The history and lore of Beaver Co.: the Chinese in Beaver Falls 1872".
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to be held in the United States and coincided with the centennial anniversary of the
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at its original location in Fairmount Park, the Maryland House, which was moved to
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technology that was transforming the United States into an industrial powerhouse.
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making foreign goods not worthwhile, no European country declined the invitation.
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A stock certificate for five $ 10 shares issued by the Centennial Board of Finance
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http://www.assemblymag.com/articles/83790-then-now-the-1876-centennial-exposition
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The third-largest structure at the exposition was Agricultural Hall. Designed by
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International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine
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of 1870–71, did not send a very big contribution. Its main contributor were the
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Philadelphia city officials appropriated $ 50,000 to make up for the shortfall.
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2658:"Toward A New Century: Women and The Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition, 1876"
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International Exhibition. 1876, Official Catalogue, John R Nagle and company.
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The interior of the main exhibition building looking west from the grandstand
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356:, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official
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2426:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Perss 1996, 39–41, 55.
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Centennial Guard Box, Traffic Triangle, Benjamin Franklin Parkway vicinity
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1269:, a steam locomotive and one of the inventions presented at the exposition
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An illustration of opening day ceremonies at the Centennial Exposition in
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2919:", 5 photos, 2 color transparencies, 3 photo caption pages
2884:(HABS) documentation, filed under Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA:
2503:
Anon (1993). "Gone but not forgotten: the Beaver Falls Cutlery Company".
1972:
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The United States Centennial Commission organized on March 3, 1872, with
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A stereoscopic view of Horticultural Hall (1875–76, demolished 1954) in
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2151:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press 1996, p. 25.
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1128:, where it is extant today, and the Missouri House, which was moved to
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618:
446:
116:
2630:
A Century After, Picturesque Glimpses of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania
1534:
exhibit included a pavilion, house, and garden with one of the first "
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640:, best known for investigating one of America's first serial killers,
430:, in 1864, also known as the Great Sanitary Fair, was one of the many
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2196:. Philadelphia Parks & Recreation: Fairmount Park. Archived from
1583:, built in 1879–1881 to house exhibits from the Centennial Exposition
1348:
The Sholes and Glidden typewriter (also known as the Remington No. 1)
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Philadelphia Exhibition 1876, Cast-steel Manufactory of Fried. Krupp
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1014:. Used for a time as a police station, the building now houses the
653:
2889:
International Exhibition of 1876, St. George's House, States Drive
2632:. Philadelphia: Allen, Lane & Scott and J. W. Lauderbach 1875.
1465:, which had recently been founded after the German victory in the
5273:
3411:
3401:
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2905:", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page, supplemental material
2837:
by J. S. Ingram; published by Hubbard Bros., Philadelphia, 1876 (
2645:
Weber, Austin. "Then & Now: The 1876 Centennial Exposition."
1911:. Philadelphia, PA: The National Publishing Company. p. 620.
1399:
1324:
1320:
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created a committee to study the project and seek support of the
1288:
The exposition also featured many well-known products including
907:
One of the major attractions on display in the building was the
3351:
2972:
2910:
International Exposition of 1876, Memorial Hall, Belmont Avenue
2863:
Philadelphia Exhibition 1876 Report to the Federal High Council
2780:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press 1996
2703:"Party Like It's 1876! 12 Items From the Centennial Exposition"
2686:
Calney, Mark. "The Centennial Exhibition—The State Buildings."
1742:
1535:
1485:
The French contribution centered on art. Its showpiece was the
1292:'s first telephone, set up at opposite ends of Machinery Hall,
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Some of the sandstone that was used to build the hall was from
879:
in 1954 and was subsequently demolished. As a replacement, the
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306:
4960:
Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence
4253:
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2898:", 2 photos, 1 data page, 1 photo caption page
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2496:
2246:"Buildings From 1876 Centennial Live On in Spring Lake, N.J."
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590:
320:
2948:
Historical Society of Pennsylvania's collection of paintings
2870:
2649:. Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development, 1 Sept. 2001.
2507:. Darlington, Pennsylvania: Beaver County Industrial Museum.
1671:
Wainwright, Nicholas; Weigley, Russell; Wolf, Edwin (1982).
2818:
2747:. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
1229:, and exposition events included speeches, receptions, and
895:
824:
2891:", 7 photos, 4 data pages, supplemental material
2786:
Detective in the White City: The Real Story of Frank Geyer
2608:
Wainwright, Nicholas; Russell Weigley; Edwin Wolf (1982).
2091:, Volume 1, New York: The New York Review of Books, 2007,
1990:
Detective in the White City: The Real Story of Frank Geyer
1924:
Detective in the White City: The Real Story of Frank Geyer
1869:
Detective in the White City: The Real Story of Frank Geyer
1829:
Detective in the White City: The Real Story of Frank Geyer
497:
became an early supporter of the exposition and asked the
5422:
Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
2680:. Free Library of Philadelphia, 2001. Web. 06 Dec. 2015.
1334:
Consumer products first displayed to the public include:
1105:
Bulletin and Good Roads", which was the beginning of the
2932:
Centennial Exhibition Photograph and Ephemera Collection
2438:"The Introduction of Japanese Plants Into North America"
5033:
2542:
1642:
1181:, which celebrated the exposition and the centennial.
2878:
by Jacques David at Richard Watkins Horological Books
2424:
Mexico at the World's Fairs: Crafting a Modern Nation
1977:. Pennsylvania: Gillan & Nagle. pp. 93, 244.
1926:. Murrieta, CA: RW Publishing House. pp. 29–30.
1831:. Murrieta, CA: RW Publishing House. pp. 28–29.
1670:
1205:. A cantata commissioned for the occasion written by
4266:
Physical history of the Declaration of Independence
1816:. Pennsylvania: Gillan & Nagle. pp. 97–99.
1599:, the 150th anniversary of the United States (1926)
674:, was opened that April on the southeast corner of
633:during the summer, no mass health crises occurred.
7520:Historic American Buildings Survey in Philadelphia
1973:Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers (1878).
1852:Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers (1878).
1812:Pennsylvania Board of Centennial Managers (1878).
1992:. Murrieta, CA: RW Publishing House. p. 30.
1871:. Murrieta, CA: RW Publishing House. p. 29.
847:, now part of the Robert N. Dennis Collection at
7491:
2926:", 16 measured drawings, 44 data pages
2388:(August 1888). "American Locomotives and Cars".
2352:. New York, NY: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 62.
1421:Technologies introduced at the fair include the
1077:, one of four exposition buildings remaining in
2917:International Exhibition of 1876, Ohio Building
2834:Centennial Exposition Described and Illustrated
2682:https://libwww.freelibrary.org/CenCol/tours.htm
1856:. Pennsylvania: Gillan & Nagle. p. 98.
795:inside the Main Exhibition Building dealt with
589:To accommodate out-of-town visitors, temporary
6870:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
5020:
2778:Mexico at the World's Fairs: Crafting a Nation
2662:Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
2149:Mexico at the World's Fairs: Crafting a Nation
7036:
5006:
4239:
2993:
2664:. Vol. 107, no. 1. pp. 113–135
2384:
2011:
2009:
1896:. Hartford, CT: L. Stebbins. pp. 757–59.
1523:, after the exposition closed. It is now the
943:The Italian Department of Memorial Hall Annex
883:was built on the site in 1976 as part of the
656:, and one from organic disease of the heart.
406:, president of the U.S. Centennial Commission
364:'s adoption in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776.
1795:
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1780:
1778:
1776:
1763:
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1666:
1664:
963:
5983:Washington's crossing of the Delaware River
2635:"Centennial Exhibition: Exhibition Facts."
2543:Gross, Linda P.; Theresa R. Snyder (2005).
2515:. Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. pp. 1–3.
2435:
1695:
1643:Gross, Linda P.; Theresa R. Snyder (2005).
738:
90:Centennial International Exhibition of 1876
42:Centennial International Exhibition of 1876
7043:
7029:
6860:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
5114:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
5013:
4999:
4836:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
4246:
4232:
3000:
2986:
2561:
2525:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2327:
2006:
1156:The interior of Horticultural Hall in 1876
481:. In December 1866, Campbell suggested to
47:
4255:United States Declaration of Independence
2969:General LeRoy Stone's Centennial Monorail
2804:, one of America's first serial killers).
2545:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2275:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2109:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2076:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2064:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2052:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2040:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
2028:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
1940:
1790:
1773:
1758:
1661:
1645:Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition
1638:
1636:
1634:
1113:offices until it was demolished in 1961.
567:In 1873, the Centennial Commission named
555:sued to have the money returned, and the
27:World's fair held in Philadelphia in 1876
2783:
2293:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
1987:
1921:
1894:Memorial of the International Exhibition
1866:
1826:
1722:
1702:
1405:
1394:
1382:
1298:Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company
1260:
1159:
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1068:
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938:
930:
894:
838:
750:
742:
711:
684:
409:
398:
386:
7540:History of cycling in the United States
2655:
2637:Centennial Exhibition: Exhibition Facts
2174:from the original on September 27, 2021
1745:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
1438:that was originally built in 1831. The
947:The Art Gallery building (now known as
698:Vienna International Exposition in 1873
605:ran special trains from Philadelphia's
14:
7492:
7435:1984–1986 conservation and restoration
6865:Dogs in the American Revolutionary War
2924:Fairmount Park, Along Schuylkill River
2876:American and Swiss Watchmaking in 1876
2740:
2580:
2226:from the original on November 30, 2020
1906:
1631:
1360:-Farmer Electric Dynamo, precursor to
727:The Centennial Commission sponsored a
551:. But after the exposition ended, the
508:The Philadelphia City Council and the
7479:National symbols of the United States
7394:Statue of Liberty commemorative coins
7050:
7024:
6777:
6702:
6630:
6201:
5537:
5371:Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania
5032:
4994:
4227:
3007:
2981:
2770:, University Press of Kentucky, 2002.
2700:
2694:. Mark Calney 2010, 7 May 2006. Web.
2484:from the original on February 2, 2024
2412:, E.P. Coby & Co., New York, 1876
2315:from the original on January 25, 2022
2238:
2125:. Please Touch Museum. Archived from
1743:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
1677:. W.W. Norton & Company. p.
1410:"Largest knife and fork in the world"
834:
547:The board initially thought it was a
451:Philadelphia's role as a vital center
6980:Daughters of the American Revolution
6778:
5330:Declaration of Rights and Grievances
4876:Journals of the Continental Congress
3020:Bureau International des Expositions
2819:Bureau International des Expositions
2656:Cordato, Mary F. (January 1, 1983).
2510:
2502:
2345:
2339:
2120:
1891:
1538:" to be displayed outside of Japan.
1402:'s exhibit of Krupp guns and cannons
1052:a heating iron with removable handle
1042:Much of the pavilion was devoted to
814:
7173:Statue of Liberty National Monument
6975:Children of the American Revolution
6855:Timeline of the American Revolution
4923:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom
4196: Postponed to 2021 due to the
3902:British Empire Exhibition 1924–1925
2845:Centennial International Exhibition
2824:United States Centennial Exhibition
2723:"The Centennial Exhibition of 1876"
2436:Del Tredici, Peter (June 8, 2017).
2286:
1458:, adjacent to the Castle building.
1021:
986:(1920–1927). Libraries such as the
346:Centennial International Exhibition
24:
7123:
5636:European allies of King George III
5492:British credit crisis of 1772–1773
5427:Committee of Secret Correspondence
5089:No taxation without representation
2882:Historic American Buildings Survey
2858:Historical Society of Pennsylvania
2727:The Internet 1996 World Exposition
2536:
2162:"International Exhibition of 1876"
1525:Swedish Cottage Marionette Theatre
1064:
881:Fairmount Park Horticulture Center
520:spoke for the city and state, and
25:
7551:
7525:Regional centennial anniversaries
7002:Museum of the American Revolution
2871:Richard Watkins Horological Books
2808:
2639:. N.p., 2001. Web. 06 Dec. 2015.
1647:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 7.
1482:which was made at the same time.
1227:Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776
890:
859:and intended as a tribute to the
716:Map of the exposition complex in
623:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
432:United States Sanitary Commission
32:New Zealand Centennial Exhibition
7446:Egypt Carrying the Light to Asia
7334:Working on the Statue of Liberty
6890:Continental Currency dollar coin
6875:Women in the American Revolution
4206:
2854:Centennial Exhibition Collection
2701:Allen, Scott (August 16, 2010).
2676:"Centennial Exhibition: Tours."
2611:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
2513:The Beaver Countian Vol III no.1
2334:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
2244:Frank J. Prial (July 15, 1976).
2016:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
1800:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
1785:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
1768:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
1674:Philadelphia: A 300-Year History
1609:United States Semiquincentennial
1187:Battles of Lexington and Concord
926:
7389:Statue of Liberty Forever stamp
6985:Sons of the American Revolution
3953:Bryant Park, New York City 1853
2763:. London: Reaktion Books, 2012.
2429:
2416:
2400:
2378:
2280:
2268:
2212:
2186:
2154:
2141:
2114:
2102:
2081:
2069:
2057:
2045:
2033:
2021:
1981:
1966:
1915:
1900:
1885:
1860:
1541:The official state pavilion of
1414:The right arm and torch of the
1303:Air-powered tools along with a
909:Corliss Centennial Steam Engine
670:. Its main branch, designed by
7062:Liberty Enlightening the World
6885:Continental currency banknotes
5973:Staten Island Peace Conference
4808:Virginia Declaration of Rights
2869:report by Ed. Favre-Perret at
2587:. Philadelphia: Hubbard Bros.
1845:
1820:
1805:
1611:, the 250th anniversary (2026)
1605:, the 200th anniversary (1976)
831:and other related businesses.
13:
1:
7535:World's fairs in Philadelphia
7414:United States ten-dollar bill
7250:Strengthen the Arm of Liberty
6703:
5679:German supporters of Congress
5377:Massachusetts Circular Letter
4618:Charles Carroll of Carrollton
2744:Centennial Exhibition of 1876
2614:. W.W. Norton & Company.
2089:Makers of Modern Architecture
1625:
1374:erosion control plant species
1256:
1147:
707:
510:Pennsylvania General Assembly
317:Exposition Universelle (1878)
7399:American Platinum Eagle coin
5360:Committees of correspondence
2828:Free Library of Philadelphia
2678:Centennial Exhibition: Tours
1737:American Antiquarian Society
1717:American Antiquarian Society
1573:Arts and Industries Building
1561:Beaver Falls Cutlery Company
1545:was a reconstruction of the
1452:Arts and Industries Building
1319:. New food products such as
996:Free Library of Philadelphia
625:ran special trains from the
382:
7:
7409:American Innovation dollars
6997:Charters of Freedom Rotunda
6202:
6028:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
6013:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781
5787:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
5442:Declaration of Independence
5407:Second Continental Congress
4813:Second Continental Congress
2957:A collection of stereoviews
2265:. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
1597:Sesquicentennial Exposition
1592:Centennial comfort stations
1566:
1387:The right arm and torch of
1378:
1179:Centennial, and Other Poems
601:increased service, and the
557:United States Supreme Court
464:
375:on fairgrounds designed by
362:Declaration of Independence
282:November 10, 1876
10:
7556:
7457:personification of Liberty
7419:Statue of Liberty Division
7083:Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi
6880:Financial costs of the war
5387:First Continental Congress
5238:Royal Proclamation of 1763
5183:Second Rockingham ministry
5022:American Revolutionary War
4966:Signers Monument (Georgia)
4271:Memorial to the 56 Signers
2776:Tenorio-Trillo, Mauricio,
2741:Lawson, Dennis T. (1969).
2688:Sci Am Scientific American
2564:Centennial and Other Poems
1948:"Centennial National Bank"
1603:United States Bicentennial
1553:, which served as General
1199:Emperor Pedro II of Brazil
1008:Philadelphia Museum of Art
921:Curwensville, Pennsylvania
885:United States Bicentennial
271:May 10 – November 10, 1876
29:
7515:1876 in the United States
7427:
7404:Presidential dollar coins
7313:
7234:
7199:
7191:Musée des Arts et Métiers
7160:
7134:
7121:
7077:Édouard René de Laboulaye
7069:
7058:
6847:
6816:
6792:
6788:
6773:
6734:Constitutional Convention
6714:Society of the Cincinnati
6709:
6698:
6623:
6518:
6362:
6355:
6300:
6219:
6212:
6208:
6197:
6154:
6076:
6062:
6036:
6003:Carlisle Peace Commission
5965:
5837:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
5766:
5691:
5644:
5611:
5574:
5567:
5563:
5533:
5502:Hutchinson letters affair
5469:
5452:Articles of Confederation
5312:
5299:Proclamation of Rebellion
5211:
5163:First Rockingham ministry
5140:
5107:All men are created equal
5046:
5042:
5028:
4908:
4829:All men are created equal
4795:
4759:
4729:
4698:
4672:
4626:
4595:
4569:
4513:
4477:
4446:
4415:
4394:
4363:
4337:
4318:
4309:
4293:
4289:
4261:
4192:
4152:
4081:
3940:
3699:
3631:
3600:
3591:
3464:
3265:
3159:
3029:
3015:
2965:– approximately 160 links
2943:Hagley Museum and Library
2584:The Centennial Exposition
2562:Harrington, Kate (1876).
2462:10.1007/s12229-017-9184-3
2422:Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo,
2147:Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo,
1907:McCabe, James D. (1876).
1615:List of world expositions
1506:Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
1241:and his minister father,
964:
767:It was constructed using
667:The Philadelphia Inquirer
499:Philadelphia City Council
331:
326:
312:
303:Weltausstellung 1873 Wien
298:
293:
278:
252:
244:
236:
231:
194:
183:
172:
164:
159:
151:
143:
138:
130:
112:
104:
94:
86:
78:
67:
62:
46:
41:
7440:Statue of Liberty Museum
7183:Statue of Liberty Museum
5998:Entry of France into war
5613:Kingdom of Great Britain
2937:August 14, 2020, at the
2922:HABS No. PA-6183, "
2915:HABS No. PA-1660, "
2908:HABS No. PA-1659, "
2901:HABS No. PA-1652, "
2894:HABS No. PA-1480, "
2887:HABS No. PA-1080, "
2566:. Kessinger Publishing.
2505:Industrious Beaver Falls
1495:University of Notre Dame
1141:United States government
984:Detroit Institute of Art
972:Art Institute of Chicago
739:Main Exhibition Building
661:Centennial National Bank
7265:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
6729:Ratification Day (1784)
6054:Second Anglo-Mysore War
5738:Northern after Saratoga
5718:New York and New Jersey
5392:Continental Association
5289:Conciliatory Resolution
5148:Pitt–Newcastle ministry
5121:Consent of the governed
4843:Consent of the governed
4073:New York City 1964–1965
4063:San Francisco 1939–1940
3948:New York City 1826–1897
2788:. RW Publishing House.
2346:Berg, A. Scott (2013).
2251:March 30, 2018, at the
2220:"The Maryland Building"
1448:Smithsonian Institution
1331:, were also exhibited.
1191:President Ulysses Grant
1130:Spring Lake, New Jersey
992:New York Public Library
976:Milwaukee Public Museum
849:New York Public Library
599:Philadelphia streetcars
479:Crawfordsville, Indiana
327:Specialized expositions
7357:Statue of Liberty play
7260:Fayetteville, Arkansas
7128:
6990:Sons of the Revolution
6719:Treaty of Paris (1783)
6049:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
6044:Cherokee–American wars
5657:Franco-American Treaty
5512:Philadelphia Tea Party
5482:Treaty of Paris (1763)
5461:Confederation Congress
5054:American Enlightenment
3623:Johannesburg 1936–1937
2950:(Internet Archive) by
2815:Expo 1876 Philadelphia
2690:34.21 (1876): 322–24.
2547:. Arcadia Publishing.
2123:"Memorial Hall Update"
1551:Morristown, New Jersey
1411:
1403:
1392:
1270:
1169:
1157:
1090:
1031:
1012:University of the Arts
944:
936:
900:
851:
756:
748:
720:
522:Daniel Johnson Morrell
415:
407:
396:
18:1876 World's Fair
7500:Centennial Exposition
7350:The Statue of Liberty
7290:ĂŽle aux Cygnes, Paris
7270:Overland Park, Kansas
7210:Centennial Exposition
7208:Right arm and torch:
7142:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
7127:
6935:Washington's Birthday
6740:The Federalist Papers
6724:Evacuation Day (1783)
5777:Lexington and Concord
5477:French and Indian War
5417:Olive Branch Petition
4659:Francis Lightfoot Lee
4320:President of Congress
4008:Portland, Oregon 1905
3664:Taihoku (Taipei) 1935
2784:Crighton, JD (2017).
2628:Strahan, Edward, ed.
2581:Ingram, J.S. (1876).
1988:Crighton, JD (2017).
1922:Crighton, JD (2017).
1892:Burr, Samuel (1877).
1867:Crighton, JD (2017).
1827:Crighton, JD (2017).
1620:List of world's fairs
1480:40 cm gun of 80t
1440:Waltham Watch Company
1427:Pennsylvania Railroad
1409:
1398:
1386:
1339:Alexander Graham Bell
1305:mechanical calculator
1290:Alexander Graham Bell
1264:
1243:Joseph Ruggles Wilson
1163:
1155:
1072:
1029:
982:(1893–1924), and the
942:
934:
898:
842:
754:
746:
715:
690:Herman J. Schwarzmann
685:Herman J. Schwarzmann
603:Pennsylvania Railroad
584:high American tariffs
573:Secretary of the Navy
413:
404:Joseph Roswell Hawley
402:
390:
377:Herman J. Schwarzmann
294:Universal expositions
216:39.97944°N 75.20917°W
7510:1876 in Pennsylvania
7275:Pine Bluff, Arkansas
6940:Jefferson's Birthday
6930:Pulaski Memorial Day
5937:Guilford Court House
5588:Continental Congress
5365:Committees of safety
5340:Daughters of Liberty
5335:Virginia Association
5084:Rights of Englishmen
4773:Robert R. Livingston
4144:Wellington 1939–1940
4003:Charleston 1901–1902
3963:Louisville 1883–1887
3684:Chiang Mai 2011–2012
3551:Chiang Mai 2006–2007
2442:The Botanical Review
2287:Orr, N. Lee (2008).
1587:Centennial Arboretum
1504:regime of President
1423:Corliss Steam Engine
1235:Princeton University
1215:Corliss Steam Engine
1099:Albert Augustus Pope
1030:The Women's Pavilion
74:Universal exposition
7530:West Fairmount Park
7469:Black Tom explosion
7359:(American football)
7216:Madison Square Park
7108:Richard Morris Hunt
6068:colony or location)
6023:Newburgh Conspiracy
5882:Sullivan Expedition
5402:Provincial Congress
5193:Fox–North coalition
5132:Settler colonialism
5079:Freedom of religion
5036:American Revolution
4900:American Revolution
4180:Rio de Janeiro 1922
4053:Cleveland 1936–1937
4043:San Diego 1935–1936
4028:San Diego 1915–1917
3618:Kimberley 1892–1893
3541:Haarlemmermeer 2002
3186:Port-au-Prince 1949
2709:. Mental Floss, Inc
2454:2017BotRv..83..215D
2390:Scribner's Magazine
2366:on December 3, 2013
2200:on January 26, 2012
2129:on February 6, 2007
1467:Franco-Prussian War
1275:Centennial Monorail
1267:Centennial Monorail
1107:Good Roads Movement
1016:Please Touch Museum
988:Library of Congress
473:, and astronomy at
221:39.97944; -75.20917
212: /
7385:(1954–1965 stamps)
7353:(1985 documentary)
7321:In popular culture
7225:Paris World's Fair
7129:
7116:, pedestal funding
6970:Semiquincentennial
6895:Libertas Americana
5325:Stamp Act Congress
5215:Acts of Parliament
5188:Shelburne ministry
5158:Grenville ministry
4962:(Washington, D.C.)
4953:Semiquincentennial
4856:Document's history
4711:Thomas Heyward Jr.
4381:Robert Treat Paine
4134:Auckland 1913–1914
3978:San Francisco 1894
3639:Calcutta 1883–1884
3469:exhibitions (AIPH)
3181:New York 1939–1940
3136:San Francisco 1915
2959:(Internet Archive)
2849:Winterthur Library
2761:A World of Gardens
2262:The New York Times
1510:JosĂ© MarĂa Velasco
1412:
1404:
1393:
1271:
1170:
1158:
1091:
1032:
1000:Reichstag building
945:
937:
901:
852:
835:Horticultural Hall
757:
749:
732:limited finances.
729:design competition
721:
553:federal government
495:Franklin Institute
471:natural philosophy
440:American Civil War
420:Great Central Fair
416:
408:
397:
393:American Civil War
7487:
7486:
7189:Original statue:
7052:Statue of Liberty
7018:
7017:
7014:
7013:
7010:
7009:
6769:
6768:
6756:Shays's Rebellion
6694:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6686:
6685:
6619:
6618:
6586:Richard Henry Lee
6351:
6350:
6193:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6037:Related conflicts
5907:Connecticut Farms
5687:
5686:
5580:Thirteen Colonies
5529:
5528:
5525:
5524:
4988:
4987:
4984:
4983:
4976:Trumbull portrait
4918:National Archives
4888:Independence Hall
4823:Committee of Five
4755:
4754:
4654:Thomas Nelson Jr.
4649:Benjamin Harrison
4639:Richard Henry Lee
4531:Benjamin Franklin
4495:Francis Hopkinson
4459:Philip Livingston
4428:Samuel Huntington
4221:
4220:
4198:COVID-19 pandemic
4188:
4187:
4175:Buenos Aires 1910
4129:Christchurch 1906
4038:Philadelphia 1926
3448:Buenos Aires 2023
3066:Philadelphia 1876
3009:World exhibitions
2963:1876 Philadelphia
2795:978-1-946100-02-3
2759:Hunt, John Dixon
2573:978-0-548-43372-0
2509:This is based on
2359:978-0-399-15921-3
2300:978-0-252-03279-0
2121:Resinger, Kelly.
2097:978-1-59017-227-8
1999:978-1-946100-02-3
1933:978-1-946100-02-3
1878:978-1-946100-02-3
1555:George Washington
1416:Statue of Liberty
1391:at the exposition
1389:Statue of Liberty
1081:; the others are
978:(1893–1897), the
974:(1892–1893), the
815:Agricultural Hall
576:George M. Robeson
569:Alfred T. Goshorn
562:Benjamin Franklin
518:William D. Kelley
348:, officially the
342:
341:
16:(Redirected from
7547:
7376:Medal of Liberty
7327:The New Colossus
7303:United Kingdom:
7296:Flame of Liberty
7181:Original torch:
7147:Maurice Koechlin
7104:, donated copper
7045:
7038:
7031:
7022:
7021:
6960:Sesquicentennial
6920:Independence Day
6824:Founding Fathers
6790:
6789:
6775:
6774:
6700:
6699:
6628:
6627:
6360:
6359:
6217:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6199:
6198:
6074:
6073:
6069:
5897:Cape St. Vincent
5572:
5571:
5565:
5564:
5535:
5534:
5507:Boston Tea Party
5432:Halifax Resolves
5382:Suffolk Resolves
5173:Grafton ministry
5168:Chatham ministry
5064:Colonial history
5044:
5043:
5030:
5029:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4992:
4991:
4943:Sesquicentennial
4930:Independence Day
4803:Halifax Resolves
4789:Matthew Tilghman
4762:for Independence
4760:Delegates voting
4721:Arthur Middleton
4716:Thomas Lynch Jr.
4644:Thomas Jefferson
4490:John Witherspoon
4485:Richard Stockton
4433:William Williams
4355:Matthew Thornton
4316:
4315:
4301:Thomas Jefferson
4291:
4290:
4276:Founding Fathers
4248:
4241:
4234:
4225:
4224:
4213:World portal
4211:
4210:
3968:New Orleans 1884
3732:London 1871–1874
3598:
3597:
3387:New Orleans 1984
3357:San Antonio 1968
3332:Helsingborg 1955
3002:
2995:
2988:
2979:
2978:
2952:David J. Kennedy
2847:– collection at
2839:Internet Archive
2799:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2625:
2604:
2577:
2558:
2531:
2530:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2433:
2427:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2362:. Archived from
2343:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2173:
2166:
2158:
2152:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2087:Filler, Martin,
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1950:. Archived from
1944:
1938:
1937:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1788:
1782:
1771:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1720:
1714:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1668:
1659:
1658:
1640:
1581:Washington, D.C.
1489:high altar that
1471:Krupp steelworks
1456:Washington, D.C.
1436:steam locomotive
1313:John A. Roebling
1311:were exhibited.
1245:, visiting from
1166:Centennial Tower
1087:comfort stations
1022:Women's Pavilion
969:
968:
953:beaux-arts style
869:Great Exhibition
821:James H. Windrim
761:Joseph M. Wilson
533:Joseph R. Hawley
487:Morton McMichael
461:and his family.
438:held during the
373:Schuylkill River
336:Sesquicentennial
289:
287:
272:
269:
267:
262:
260:
227:
226:
224:
223:
222:
217:
213:
210:
209:
208:
205:
51:
39:
38:
21:
7555:
7554:
7550:
7549:
7548:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7490:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7474:Musée Bartholdi
7423:
7370:Liberty Fanfare
7363:Liberty Weekend
7337:(1946 painting)
7329:" (1883 sonnet)
7309:
7243:United States:
7230:
7201:
7195:
7156:
7130:
7119:
7114:Joseph Pulitzer
7102:Eugène Secrétan
7065:
7054:
7049:
7019:
7006:
6945:Von Steuben Day
6843:
6812:
6784:
6765:
6705:
6682:
6624:Colonial allies
6615:
6514:
6347:
6308:King George III
6296:
6204:
6181:
6150:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6058:
6032:
5961:
5942:Lochry's Defeat
5827:Assunpink Creek
5817:Fort Washington
5762:
5696:
5694:
5683:
5674:Hortalez et Cie
5645:Colonial allies
5640:
5607:
5576:United Colonies
5559:
5521:
5487:Boston Massacre
5465:
5456:Perpetual Union
5412:United Colonies
5345:Sons of Liberty
5308:
5216:
5214:
5213:Related British
5207:
5136:
5038:
5034:Origins of the
5024:
5019:
4989:
4980:
4910:
4904:
4883:United Colonies
4871:Timothy Matlack
4866:Charles Thomson
4791:
4779:
4763:
4761:
4751:
4725:
4706:Edward Rutledge
4694:
4668:
4622:
4591:
4565:
4509:
4473:
4442:
4411:
4402:Stephen Hopkins
4390:
4359:
4350:William Whipple
4345:Josiah Bartlett
4333:
4330:(Massachusetts)
4305:
4285:
4257:
4252:
4222:
4217:
4205:
4202: Cancelled
4184:
4148:
4077:
3936:
3897:Gothenburg 1923
3877:Kristiania 1914
3762:Copenhagen 1888
3717:Manchester 1857
3695:
3690:Udon Thani 2026
3627:
3593:
3587:
3526:Zoetermeer 1992
3468:
3466:
3460:
3337:Beit Dagan 1956
3269:
3267:
3261:
3163:
3161:
3155:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3011:
3006:
2939:Wayback Machine
2811:
2796:
2766:Bruno Giberti,
2750:
2748:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2712:
2710:
2667:
2665:
2622:
2574:
2555:
2539:
2537:Further reading
2534:
2518:
2517:
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2417:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2360:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2301:
2285:
2281:
2273:
2269:
2253:Wayback Machine
2243:
2239:
2229:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2203:
2201:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2086:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1986:
1982:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1954:on June 6, 2010
1946:
1945:
1941:
1934:
1920:
1916:
1905:
1901:
1890:
1886:
1879:
1865:
1861:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1825:
1821:
1810:
1806:
1798:
1791:
1783:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1732:
1724:McCusker, J. J.
1712:
1704:McCusker, J. J.
1700:
1696:
1689:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1641:
1632:
1628:
1569:
1381:
1367:Hires Root Beer
1317:Brooklyn Bridge
1309:George B. Grant
1259:
1175:Kate Harrington
1150:
1122:Druid Hill Park
1067:
1065:Other buildings
1024:
980:Brooklyn Museum
929:
893:
877:Hurricane Hazel
837:
817:
741:
710:
687:
595:boarding houses
467:
385:
367:It was held in
285:
283:
274:(6 months)
273:
270:
265:
263:
258:
256:
220:
218:
214:
211:
206:
203:
201:
199:
198:
190:in Philadelphia
82:Historical Expo
58:
57:on May 10, 1876
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7553:
7543:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7505:1876 festivals
7502:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7460:
7459:
7449:
7442:
7437:
7431:
7429:
7425:
7424:
7422:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7380:
7379:
7378:
7373:
7360:
7354:
7346:
7345:(1949 musical)
7338:
7330:
7323:
7317:
7315:
7311:
7310:
7308:
7307:
7300:
7299:
7292:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7247:
7240:
7238:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7228:
7220:
7219:
7213:
7205:
7203:
7197:
7196:
7194:
7193:
7186:
7185:
7178:
7177:
7176:
7175:
7168:Liberty Island
7164:
7162:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7154:
7152:Joachim Giæver
7149:
7144:
7138:
7136:
7132:
7131:
7122:
7120:
7118:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7099:
7098:
7097:
7089:Gustave Eiffel
7086:
7080:
7073:
7071:
7067:
7066:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7048:
7047:
7040:
7033:
7025:
7016:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6993:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6950:Minor holidays
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6851:
6849:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6820:
6818:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6810:
6802:
6796:
6794:
6786:
6785:
6783:
6782:
6781:Related topics
6771:
6770:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6751:Bill of Rights
6748:
6743:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6696:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6634:
6632:
6625:
6621:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6522:
6520:
6516:
6515:
6513:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6452:
6447:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6366:
6364:
6357:
6353:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6297:
6295:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6223:
6221:
6214:
6206:
6205:
6195:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6158:
6156:
6155:Loyal colonies
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6143:
6141:South Carolina
6138:
6133:
6128:
6126:North Carolina
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6082:
6080:
6078:Rebel colonies
6071:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6040:
6038:
6034:
6033:
6031:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6018:Sint Eustatius
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5978:"First Salute"
5975:
5969:
5967:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5922:Kings Mountain
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5812:Harlem Heights
5809:
5804:
5802:Valcour Island
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5773:
5771:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5699:
5697:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5648:
5646:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5617:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5584:
5582:
5569:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5554:
5551:
5548:
5545:
5542:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5437:Lee Resolution
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5355:Black Patriots
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5219:
5217:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5203:Black Loyalist
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5178:North ministry
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5117:
5110:
5103:
5098:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5050:
5048:
5040:
5039:
5026:
5025:
5018:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4995:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4957:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4934:Anniversaries
4932:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4914:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4885:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4820:
4818:Lee Resolution
4815:
4810:
4805:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4767:
4765:
4764:(did not sign)
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4737:Button Gwinett
4733:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4702:
4700:
4699:South Carolina
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4680:William Hooper
4676:
4674:
4673:North Carolina
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4664:Carter Braxton
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4438:Oliver Wolcott
4435:
4430:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4407:William Ellery
4404:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4386:Elbridge Gerry
4383:
4378:
4373:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4324:
4322:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4297:
4295:
4294:Primary author
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4228:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4203:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4119:Melbourne 1888
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4099:Melbourne 1875
4096:
4091:
4089:Melbourne 1866
4085:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4023:Knoxville 1913
4020:
4015:
4013:Jamestown 1907
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3988:Nashville 1897
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3932:Stockholm 1943
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3912:Stockholm 1930
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3892:Marseille 1922
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3822:Marseille 1906
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3797:Stockholm 1897
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3772:Frankfurt 1891
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3752:Liverpool 1886
3749:
3747:Amsterdam 1883
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3727:Stockholm 1866
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3613:Cape Town 1877
3610:
3604:
3602:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3531:Stuttgart 1993
3528:
3523:
3518:
3516:Liverpool 1984
3513:
3508:
3506:Amsterdam 1982
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3486:Amsterdam 1972
3483:
3478:
3476:Rotterdam 1960
3472:
3470:
3465:BIE-recognized
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3402:Vancouver 1986
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3382:Knoxville 1982
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3312:Jerusalem 1953
3309:
3304:
3299:
3297:Stockholm 1949
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3277:Stockholm 1936
3273:
3271:
3266:BIE-recognized
3263:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3160:BIE-recognized
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3141:Barcelona 1929
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3106:St. Louis 1904
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3081:Barcelona 1888
3078:
3076:Melbourne 1880
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2945:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2879:
2873:
2860:
2851:
2842:
2830:
2821:
2810:
2809:External links
2807:
2806:
2805:
2794:
2781:
2774:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2738:
2719:
2698:
2684:
2674:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2626:
2620:
2605:
2578:
2572:
2559:
2553:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2495:
2448:(3): 215–252.
2428:
2415:
2399:
2377:
2358:
2338:
2326:
2299:
2279:
2267:
2237:
2211:
2185:
2153:
2140:
2113:
2101:
2080:
2078:, pp. 101–103.
2068:
2056:
2044:
2032:
2020:
2005:
1998:
1980:
1965:
1939:
1932:
1914:
1899:
1884:
1877:
1859:
1844:
1837:
1819:
1804:
1789:
1772:
1757:
1741:1800–present:
1694:
1687:
1660:
1653:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1568:
1565:
1487:Gothic Revival
1429:displayed the
1380:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1364:
1362:electric light
1355:
1350:
1345:
1258:
1255:
1247:North Carolina
1239:Woodrow Wilson
1149:
1146:
1111:Fairmount Park
1079:Fairmount Park
1066:
1063:
1048:home economics
1023:
1020:
928:
925:
899:Machinery Hall
892:
891:Machinery Hall
889:
861:Crystal Palace
836:
833:
816:
813:
740:
737:
709:
706:
686:
683:
580:John W. Forney
516:. Congressman
503:Fairmount Park
475:Wabash College
466:
463:
459:U.S. president
436:Sanitary Fairs
384:
381:
369:Fairmount Park
352:, was held in
340:
339:
333:
329:
328:
324:
323:
314:
310:
309:
300:
296:
295:
291:
290:
280:
276:
275:
254:
250:
249:
246:
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
229:
228:
196:
192:
191:
188:Fairmount Park
185:
181:
180:
179:, Pennsylvania
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
145:
141:
140:
139:Participant(s)
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
121:sewing machine
114:
110:
109:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
65:
64:
60:
59:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7552:
7541:
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7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7497:
7495:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7458:
7455:
7454:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7447:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7432:
7430:
7426:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7384:
7383:Liberty Issue
7381:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7371:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7358:
7355:
7352:
7351:
7347:
7344:
7343:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7331:
7328:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7312:
7306:
7302:
7301:
7298:
7297:
7293:
7291:
7287:
7286:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7255:Austin, Texas
7253:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7241:
7239:
7237:
7233:
7226:
7222:
7221:
7217:
7214:
7211:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7198:
7192:
7188:
7187:
7184:
7180:
7179:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7169:
7166:
7165:
7163:
7159:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7139:
7137:
7133:
7126:
7115:
7112:
7109:
7106:
7103:
7100:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7078:
7075:
7074:
7072:
7068:
7064:
7063:
7057:
7053:
7046:
7041:
7039:
7034:
7032:
7027:
7026:
7023:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6925:Patriots' Day
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6900:Commemoration
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6846:
6840:
6839:Yankee Doodle
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6815:
6809:
6808:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6791:
6787:
6780:
6779:
6776:
6772:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6741:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6711:
6708:
6701:
6697:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6668:de Rochambeau
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6523:
6521:
6517:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6365:
6361:
6358:
6354:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6299:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6207:
6200:
6196:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6153:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6111:New Hampshire
6109:
6107:
6106:Massachusetts
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6075:
6072:
6061:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6035:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5964:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5765:
5759:
5758:Naval battles
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5693:Campaigns and
5690:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5614:
5610:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5555:
5552:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5539:
5536:
5532:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5497:Gaspee affair
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5153:Bute ministry
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5102:
5101:Spirit of '76
5099:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5074:Republicanism
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5011:
5009:
5004:
5002:
4997:
4996:
4993:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4971:Pine portrait
4969:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4907:
4901:
4898:
4894:
4893:Syng inkstand
4891:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4849:27 grievances
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4758:
4748:
4747:George Walton
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4588:
4587:Thomas McKean
4585:
4583:
4582:Caesar Rodney
4580:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:George Taylor
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4541:George Clymer
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Benjamin Rush
4524:
4522:
4521:Robert Morris
4519:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4505:Abraham Clark
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4464:Francis Lewis
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:William Floyd
4452:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4423:Roger Sherman
4421:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4364:Massachusetts
4362:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4338:New Hampshire
4336:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4281:Syng inkstand
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4256:
4249:
4244:
4242:
4237:
4235:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:Santiago 1875
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:South America
4151:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4114:Adelaide 1887
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4104:Brisbane 1876
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3941:North America
3939:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:Zaragoza 1908
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3679:Shenyang 2006
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3659:Hangzhou 1929
3657:
3655:
3654:Semarang 1914
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3608:Freetown 1865
3606:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3582:Yokohama 2027
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3501:Montreal 1980
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3467:horticultural
3463:
3457:
3456:
3455:Belgrade 2027
3452:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3432:Zaragoza 2008
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3407:Brisbane 1988
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3362:Budapest 1971
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3282:Helsinki 1938
3280:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:Shanghai 2010
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Hannover 2000
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:Montreal 1967
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3191:Brussels 1958
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:Brussels 1935
3169:
3168:
3166:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Brussels 1910
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3096:Brussels 1897
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3030:Retroactively
3028:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2974:
2973:The Self Site
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2621:0-393-01610-2
2617:
2613:
2612:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2560:
2556:
2554:0-7385-3888-4
2550:
2546:
2541:
2540:
2528:
2522:
2514:
2506:
2499:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2419:
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2387:
2386:Forney, M. N.
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2012:
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1995:
1991:
1984:
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1958:September 23,
1953:
1949:
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1910:
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1874:
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1855:
1848:
1840:
1838:9781946100023
1834:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1808:
1802:, pp. 467–468
1801:
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1746:
1738:
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1698:
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1688:0-393-01610-2
1684:
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1676:
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1656:
1654:0-7385-3888-4
1650:
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1536:dwarfed trees
1533:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1521:New York City
1518:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1496:
1493:, founder of
1492:
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1463:German Empire
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1353:Heinz Ketchup
1351:
1349:
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1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:, along with
1326:
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1295:
1294:Thomas Edison
1291:
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1208:
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1096:
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1084:
1083:Memorial Hall
1080:
1076:
1071:
1062:
1060:
1059:Porfirio DĂaz
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1044:human ecology
1040:
1036:
1028:
1019:
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1001:
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989:
985:
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958:
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950:
949:Memorial Hall
941:
935:Memorial Hall
933:
927:Memorial Hall
924:
922:
917:
913:
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905:
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886:
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857:Moorish style
850:
846:
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808:
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805:manufacturing
802:
798:
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769:prefabricated
765:
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733:
730:
725:
719:
714:
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699:
695:
691:
682:
679:
677:
676:Market Street
673:
672:Frank Furness
669:
668:
662:
657:
655:
651:
650:typhoid fever
645:
643:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
611:New York City
608:
607:Market Street
604:
600:
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581:
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558:
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524:introduced a
523:
519:
515:
514:U.S. Congress
511:
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484:
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255:
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240:December 1866
239:
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197:
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182:
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66:
61:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
7464:Ellis Island
7444:
7368:
7348:
7342:Miss Liberty
7340:
7332:
7294:
7209:
7079:, originator
7060:
6965:Bicentennial
6954:
6848:Other topics
6834:Liberty Tree
6806:
6746:Constitution
6738:
6643:Beaumarchais
6531:Samuel Adams
6282:William Howe
6277:Richard Howe
6177:West Florida
6162:East Florida
6136:Rhode Island
6131:Pennsylvania
6064:Involvement
6008:Gordon Riots
5993:Valley Forge
5988:Conway Cabal
5966:Other events
5728:Philadelphia
5626:British Army
5517:Powder Alarm
5447:Model Treaty
5369:
5127:Expansionism
5095:Common Sense
5093:
4948:Bicentennial
4937:
4780:
4777:Henry Wisner
4768:
4685:Joseph Hewes
4634:George Wythe
4613:Thomas Stone
4608:William Paca
4603:Samuel Chase
4556:James Wilson
4514:Pennsylvania
4469:Lewis Morris
4395:Rhode Island
4371:Samuel Adams
4328:John Hancock
4139:Dunedin 1925
4124:Dunedin 1889
4068:Chicago 1940
4018:Seattle 1909
3998:Buffalo 1901
3983:Atlanta 1895
3973:Atlanta 1887
3958:Atlanta 1881
3927:Glasgow 1938
3907:Antwerp 1930
3867:Cologne 1914
3847:Dresden 1911
3802:Glasgow 1901
3767:Glasgow 1888
3688:
3649:Nanking 1910
3580:
3566:Beijing 2019
3561:Antalya 2016
3546:Rostock 2003
3536:Kunming 1999
3491:Hamburg 1973
3453:
3446:
3412:Plovdiv 1991
3397:Tsukuba 1985
3392:Plovdiv 1985
3377:Plovdiv 1981
3372:Okinawa 1975
3367:Spokane 1974
3254:
3247:
3218:Seville 1992
3212:Chicago 1992
3210:
3196:Seattle 1962
3151:Chicago 1933
3146:Seville 1929
3091:Chicago 1893
3065:
2833:
2802:H. H. Holmes
2785:
2777:
2767:
2760:
2749:. Retrieved
2743:
2730:. Retrieved
2726:
2711:. Retrieved
2707:Mental Floss
2706:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2666:. Retrieved
2661:
2646:
2636:
2629:
2610:
2583:
2563:
2544:
2512:
2504:
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2445:
2441:
2431:
2423:
2418:
2408:
2402:
2393:
2389:
2380:
2370:November 18,
2368:. Retrieved
2364:the original
2348:
2341:
2333:
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2289:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2256:
2240:
2228:. Retrieved
2214:
2202:. Retrieved
2198:the original
2194:"Ohio House"
2188:
2176:. Retrieved
2156:
2148:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2127:the original
2116:
2108:
2104:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2063:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
1989:
1983:
1974:
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1952:the original
1942:
1923:
1917:
1908:
1902:
1893:
1887:
1868:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1828:
1822:
1813:
1807:
1799:
1784:
1767:
1750:February 29,
1748:. Retrieved
1728:
1708:
1697:
1673:
1644:
1559:
1547:Ford Mansion
1540:
1529:
1517:Central Park
1514:
1499:
1491:Edward Sorin
1484:
1475:35.5 cm
1460:
1430:
1420:
1413:
1333:
1302:
1287:
1283:electric pen
1272:
1251:
1223:
1219:
1183:
1178:
1171:
1165:
1164:The unbuilt
1138:
1134:Jersey Shore
1115:
1095:Central Park
1092:
1056:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1004:
966:Prix de Rome
961:
946:
918:
914:
906:
902:
887:exposition.
873:
853:
845:Philadelphia
818:
809:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
766:
758:
734:
726:
722:
718:Philadelphia
702:
694:Central Park
688:
680:
665:
658:
646:
642:H. H. Holmes
635:
588:
566:
546:
530:
507:
492:
483:Philadelphia
468:
444:
428:Philadelphia
424:Logan Square
417:
366:
358:world's fair
354:Philadelphia
349:
345:
343:
248:January 1870
177:Philadelphia
113:Invention(s)
55:Philadelphia
36:
7218:(1876–1882)
6611:Witherspoon
6495:von Steuben
6450:Charles Lee
6167:Nova Scotia
6086:Connecticut
5957:The Saintes
5912:Springfield
5877:Stony Point
5807:Long Island
5792:Bunker Hill
5713:Nova Scotia
5304:Prohibitory
5294:Restraining
5284:Intolerable
5264:Declaratory
4785:John Rogers
4577:George Read
4561:George Ross
4546:James Smith
4536:John Morton
4416:Connecticut
4311:Signatories
4109:Sydney 1879
4094:Sydney 1870
4058:Dallas 1937
4048:Dallas 1936
3887:London 1921
3872:London 1914
3857:London 1912
3852:London 1911
3842:London 1910
3832:London 1908
3827:Dublin 1907
3817:London 1906
3812:London 1905
3792:Berlin 1896
3787:Oporto 1894
3777:Prague 1891
3757:London 1886
3742:Vienna 1873
3712:Dublin 1853
3707:London 1760
3669:Nagoya 1937
3571:Almere 2022
3511:Munich 1983
3496:Vienna 1974
3442:Astana 2017
3427:Lisbon 1998
3422:TaejĹŹn 1993
3352:Munich 1965
3342:Berlin 1957
3322:Naples 1954
3270:expositions
3268:specialized
3256:Riyadh 2030
3164:expositions
3061:Vienna 1873
3051:London 1862
3041:London 1851
3034:expositions
2867:horological
2751:October 15,
2732:October 15,
2713:October 15,
2668:October 15,
2319:November 7,
2290:Dudley Buck
2257:nytimes.com
2204:January 19,
2133:January 17,
2042:, pp. 85–86
2030:, pp. 29–30
1721:1700–1799:
1701:1634–1699:
1577:Smithsonian
1207:Dudley Buck
1197:as well as
1002:in Berlin.
957:photography
829:agriculture
652:, one from
638:Frank Geyer
627:Center City
537:Connecticut
501:for use of
219: /
195:Coordinates
95:Building(s)
7494:Categories
7110:, pedestal
7091:, builder
7085:, sculptor
6955:Centennial
6910:television
6761:Jay Treaty
6658:de Guichen
6566:Huntington
6526:John Adams
6465:Montgomery
6370:Washington
6333:Rockingham
6318:Barrington
6287:Knyphausen
6257:Cornwallis
6116:New Jersey
5947:Chesapeake
5902:Charleston
5857:Germantown
5852:Brandywine
5842:Bennington
5631:Royal Navy
5621:Parliament
5568:Combatants
5541:Combatants
5320:Loyal Nine
5253:Quartering
5223:Navigation
5069:Liberalism
5059:John Locke
5047:Philosophy
4938:Centennial
4911:and legacy
4742:Lyman Hall
4478:New Jersey
4376:John Adams
4170:Quito 1909
4033:Bronx 1918
3993:Omaha 1898
3922:Porto 1934
3917:Paris 1931
3882:Malmö 1914
3722:Porto 1865
3674:Clark 1998
3644:Hanoi 1902
3594:recognized
3556:Venlo 2012
3521:Osaka 1990
3481:Paris 1969
3437:Yeosu 2012
3417:Genoa 1992
3347:Turin 1961
3327:Turin 1955
3307:Lille 1951
3292:Paris 1947
3287:Liège 1939
3249:Osaka 2025
3243:Dubai 2020
3238:Milan 2015
3228:Aichi 2005
3206:Osaka 1970
3176:Paris 1937
3131:Ghent 1913
3126:Turin 1911
3116:Milan 1906
3111:Liège 1905
3101:Paris 1900
3086:Paris 1889
3071:Paris 1878
3056:Paris 1867
3046:Paris 1855
3032:recognized
1626:References
1543:New Jersey
1279:typewriter
1257:Inventions
1237:sophomore
1148:Exposition
1118:Ohio House
1075:Ohio House
994:, and the
801:metallurgy
708:Structures
619:Pittsburgh
542:John Welsh
455:neo-Gothic
447:Union Army
371:along the
286:1876-11-10
266:1876-11-10
259:1876-05-10
207:75°12′33″W
204:39°58′46″N
134:10,000,000
117:Typewriter
7305:Leicester
7245:Las Vegas
7202:locations
7135:Engineers
6829:Diplomacy
6817:Political
6800:Prisoners
6704:Aftermath
6678:Vergennes
6653:de Grasse
6648:d'Estaing
6638:Louis XVI
6576:Jefferson
6541:Dickinson
6485:St. Clair
6470:Nicholson
6445:Lafayette
6405:Duportail
6375:Alexander
6343:Shelburne
6227:Arbuthnot
6066:(by
5932:Pensacola
5892:Gibraltar
5867:St. Lucia
5832:Princeton
5544:Campaigns
5397:Minutemen
5313:Colonials
5269:Townshend
5198:Loyalists
5141:Royalists
4690:John Penn
4500:John Hart
4160:Lima 1872
3862:Lyon 1914
3807:Cork 1902
3782:Lyon 1894
3737:Lyon 1872
3576:Doha 2023
3317:Rome 1953
3302:Lyon 1949
3162:Universal
2601:23285381M
2521:cite book
2478:255561128
2470:0006-8101
2396:(2): 177.
2309:177069162
2277:, p. 109.
1432:John Bull
1343:telephone
1329:root beer
1231:fireworks
1126:Baltimore
871:of 1851.
631:heat wave
615:Baltimore
383:Precursor
144:Countries
125:telephone
7452:Libertas
7288:France:
7236:Replicas
7161:Location
7070:Creators
6793:Military
6546:Franklin
6519:Civilian
6500:Sullivan
6490:Schuyler
6420:Hamilton
6395:Claghorn
6363:Military
6356:Colonial
6338:Sandwich
6301:Civilian
6247:Carleton
6242:Campbell
6237:Burgoyne
6220:Military
6146:Virginia
6121:New York
6101:Maryland
6091:Delaware
5952:Yorktown
5887:Savannah
5862:Monmouth
5847:Saratoga
5753:Yorktown
5743:Southern
5733:Northern
5723:Saratoga
5695:theaters
5556:Colonies
5547:Theaters
5350:Patriots
5260:up i.p.o
5248:Currency
5233:Molasses
4781:Maryland
4769:New York
4627:Virginia
4596:Maryland
4570:Delaware
4447:New York
3592:Not BIE-
2935:Archived
2647:Assembly
2482:Archived
2336:, p. 466
2313:Archived
2249:Archived
2230:March 9,
2224:Archived
2178:March 9,
2169:Archived
2111:, p. 105
2099:, p. 226
2018:, p. 464
1787:, p. 462
1770:, p. 461
1726:(1992).
1706:(1997).
1567:See also
1379:Exhibits
1201:and his
1193:and his
1085:and two
654:smallpox
465:Planning
299:Previous
232:Timeline
160:Location
152:Business
131:Visitors
79:Category
63:Overview
7428:Related
7365:, 1986
7280:Seattle
7095:company
6915:theater
6673:Suffren
6663:Luzerne
6581:Laurens
6551:Hancock
6536:Carroll
6455:Lincoln
6435:de Kalb
6425:Hopkins
6323:Germain
6313:Amherst
6252:Clinton
6213:British
6203:Leaders
6096:Georgia
5927:Cowpens
5872:Grenada
5822:Trenton
5769:battles
5748:Western
5603:Marines
5550:Battles
4909:Display
4861:signing
4796:Related
4730:Georgia
4082:Oceania
2941:at the
2856:at the
2826:at the
2817:at the
2593:1186046
2488:June 6,
2450:Bibcode
2066:, p. 67
2054:, p. 95
1502:Liberal
1400:Germany
1358:Wallace
1325:ketchup
1321:popcorn
1136:towns.
549:subsidy
284: (
279:Closure
253:Opening
245:Awarded
237:Bidding
165:Country
7314:Legacy
7227:(1878)
7223:Head:
7212:(1876)
7200:Former
6807:Turtle
6631:French
6601:Revere
6596:Morris
6591:McKean
6556:Hanson
6480:Rodney
6475:Putnam
6460:Mercer
6415:Greene
6385:Arnold
6292:Rodney
6272:Graves
6262:Fraser
6172:Quebec
5917:Camden
5797:Quebec
5782:Boston
5767:Major
5708:Quebec
5703:Boston
5652:France
5553:Events
5470:Events
5279:Quebec
3700:Europe
3601:Africa
2792:
2618:
2599:
2591:
2570:
2551:
2476:
2468:
2356:
2349:Wilson
2307:
2297:
2095:
1996:
1930:
1875:
1835:
1685:
1651:
1575:, the
990:, the
865:London
797:mining
621:. The
617:, and
591:hotels
485:Mayor
338:(1926)
307:Vienna
155:14,420
108:115 ha
71:-class
6561:Henry
6510:Wayne
6430:Jones
6410:Gates
6400:Clark
6390:Barry
6380:Allen
6328:North
6232:Brant
5258:Stamp
5243:Sugar
3022:(BIE)
2474:S2CID
2172:(PDF)
2165:(PDF)
1733:(PDF)
1713:(PDF)
1532:Japan
1444:watch
1372:Kudzu
321:Paris
184:Venue
6905:film
6805:The
6606:Rush
6505:Ward
6440:Knox
6267:Gage
5667:Navy
5662:Army
5598:Navy
5593:Army
5454:and
5228:Iron
3632:Asia
2790:ISBN
2753:2017
2734:2017
2715:2017
2670:2017
2616:ISBN
2589:OCLC
2568:ISBN
2549:ISBN
2527:link
2490:2023
2466:ISSN
2372:2013
2354:ISBN
2321:2022
2305:OCLC
2295:ISBN
2232:2021
2206:2012
2180:2021
2135:2007
2093:ISBN
1994:ISBN
1960:2010
1928:ISBN
1873:ISBN
1833:ISBN
1752:2024
1683:ISBN
1649:ISBN
1530:The
1461:The
1323:and
1281:and
1273:The
1265:The
1209:and
1203:wife
1195:wife
1139:The
1073:The
1046:and
825:barn
659:The
526:bill
493:The
418:The
344:The
332:Next
313:Next
173:City
105:Area
87:Name
6571:Jay
5274:Tea
2971:at
2458:doi
1679:460
1579:in
1549:in
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