38:
2824:, a member of the Council of Appointments, raised the question if Schuyler, after vacating his State Senate seat, was still a member of the Council. Philip Livingston, another member, held that once elected a member could not be expelled in any case. On April 5, Governor Clinton asked the State Assembly for a decision, but the latter refused to do so, arguing that it was a question of law, which could be pursued in the courts. Schuyler thus kept his seat in the Council of Appointments until the end of the term.
2351:
3031:
2985:
2690:
2644:
2598:
2274:
2228:
2182:
2136:
142:
2088:
2024:
1960:
1896:
1792:
1773:
1727:
1681:
1605:
1586:
1501:
1482:
1433:
1379:
1288:
1210:
1155:
1100:
1041:
982:
923:
864:
805:
746:
2358:
3648:, citing The Virginia Centinel, or, the Winchester Mercury (Winchester, VA). November 19, 1788., The New-Jersey Journal, and Political Intelligencer (Elizabethtown, NJ). December 10, 1788., and Mattern, David B., J. C. A. Stagg, Jeanne K. Cross and Susan Holbrook Perdue, ed. The Papers of James Madison, Congressional Series. Vol. 11. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1977. 336, 339, 340.
2477:
274:
As of these elections, formal organized political parties had yet to form in the United States, but two political factions were present: The coalition of senators who supported
President George Washington's administration were known as the Pro-Administration Party, and the senators against him as the
674:
Immediately after they shall be assembled in
Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year,
231:
Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1788 and 1789. Pennsylvania was the first state to select its senators on
September 30, 1788, and South Carolina was the last state on January 22, 1789. New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island elected their senators between July 16, 1789,
2807:
resolved that it was "incompatible with the U.S. Constitution for any person holding an office under the United States government at the same time to have a seat in the
Legislature of this State", and that if a member of the State Legislature was elected or appointed to a federal office, the seat
683:
began in March 1789. New York was then the first to be treated as a "new state admitted to the Union" under this process when they elected their senators in July 1789, drawing lots to determine which classes their seats would belong to while keeping the three classes as close to the same size as
239:
on March 4, 1789, ranging from
Pennsylvania in September 1788 to South Carolina in January 1789. New York failed to elect its senators until July 1789. North Carolina and Rhode Island did not ratify the Constitution until after the 1st Congress began; North Carolina then elected its senators in
3784:
was elected by the
Assembly to serve the remainder of Paine's term in the Council. All members, Parks included, protested formally, but Parks remained in the Council until the end of the term. However, this precedent was not mentioned during the proceedings in
301:
New York failed to elect its senators until after the
Congress began, so its seats are labelled here as "Vacant." North Carolina and Rhode Island did not ratify the Constitution until after the Congress began, so their seats are not included here.
5085:
2840:
North
Carolina was the 12th state to ratify the new United States Constitution, doing so in November 1789, months after the First Congress had first convened. A few days after that ratification, on November 26, 1789, the two houses of the
2795:, as did the regular session of the New York State Legislature in January 1790. Schuyler retained his seat in the State Senate while serving concurrently in the U.S. Senate. Schuyler was also elected on January 15 a member of the State's
5015:
5090:
4995:
4955:
5055:
5045:
4970:
4880:
5005:
5000:
2853:) as North Carolina's first United States Senator. The minutes of the state Senate indicate that the two houses had actually voted for both U.S. Senate seats, but that no candidate received a majority for the second seat.
5095:
5060:
4965:
4940:
700:
In these general elections, the winners were elected in advance of March 4, 1789, the date set to be the beginning of the 1st
Congress. Ordered by state, then by the class that they were eventually assigned in May 1789.
5080:
5030:
5010:
4985:
4975:
4960:
4950:
4935:
4915:
4865:
5075:
4980:
4900:
4895:
4860:
5035:
4990:
4930:
4905:
5065:
4945:
4910:
5070:
4925:
5574:
5338:
5579:
5343:
2786:
King took his seat on July 25, and drew the lot for Class 3, his term expiring on March 3, 1795. Schuyler took his seat on July 27, and drew the lot for Class 1, his term expiring on March 3, 1791. The
2578:
In May 1789, the lot draw performed by the 1st U.S. Senate assigned
Carroll's seat to Class 1, whose term would expire March 3, 1791, and Henry's seat to Class 3, whose term would expire March 3, 1795.
1304:
1241:
5584:
5353:
5678:
17:
4071:
5348:
5333:
5591:
5601:
5596:
5569:
5253:
271:
3. Then starting with New York, a random draw determined which classes each new state's seats would belong to while keeping the three classes as close to the same size as possible.
5564:
5559:
5238:
5233:
5248:
3884:
compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 113 for State Senators 1788β89; pg. 114 for State Senators 1789β90; page 164 for Members of Assembly 1788β89; pg. 165 for Members of Assembly 1789β90)
5213:
5243:
259:
was not performed until after the 1st Congress convened. Thus, the 20 elected senators from the ten initial states did not know ahead of time whether they would serve Class
5549:
5323:
4825:
3072:
5258:
5228:
5218:
4795:
5489:
5223:
4890:
4805:
2741:
had to establish rules for proceeding. They decided to ballot separately, and then pass a joint resolution once they had concurred in the election of two candidates.
5133:
4770:
4403:
4800:
4735:
4048:
4745:
4409:
2551:
convened on December 10, 1788, in order to vote for the inaugural holders of Maryland's seats. There were two candidates for each seat, and all four were of the
290:
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.
221:
5606:
5462:
5176:
5123:
5040:
5020:
4775:
4760:
4755:
4065:
5618:
5539:
5534:
5381:
5113:
4830:
4820:
4750:
2065:
2001:
1707:
1661:
5298:
5293:
4870:
1359:
1268:
1190:
5524:
5308:
4810:
4790:
2881:
1640:
1566:
1413:
5278:
4885:
4875:
2975:
2835:
785:
726:
5499:
5303:
5100:
4850:
2634:
2588:
1545:
1462:
5050:
4855:
2887:
3129:
5529:
5313:
5288:
5283:
5203:
2856:
Days later, the state Senate sent messages to the state House of Commons nominating candidates for the state's other Senate seat. These included
2726:
2126:
1937:
1873:
1827:
1753:
1135:
1080:
903:
844:
5519:
5143:
5118:
5025:
3781:
2680:
2445:
2321:
1021:
962:
3468:
5138:
4785:
651:
244:
3623:
3502:
646:
5714:
5709:
5638:
5472:
5186:
4041:
3021:
2732:
2264:
2172:
929:
2218:
5455:
5169:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
2744:
On July 15, Schuyler was nominated first, and members of each chamber attempted to substitute the names of other candidates, including
58:
4920:
3042:
2996:
2701:
2655:
2609:
2285:
2239:
2193:
2147:
604:
276:
5663:
2850:
617:
4034:
5683:
5668:
5424:
5128:
4057:
5653:
5648:
5448:
5409:
5404:
5162:
2928:
2897:
1592:
870:
279:. Among the initial 20 senators elected before the 1st Congress began on March 4, 1789, 13 of them were Pro-Administration.
5673:
5419:
5628:
5476:
5389:
5190:
4815:
4780:
4765:
4740:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
3067:
1687:
5658:
5414:
5371:
3158:
3968:
3947:
3926:
3904:
2920:
667:
256:
225:
209:
5688:
5643:
5633:
5429:
5399:
5394:
2872:. Hawkins (who was also pro-Administration at the time) was elected jointly by the two houses on December 8, 1789.
2783:. On July 16, Schuyler and King were appointed to the U.S. Senate by a joint resolution of the State Legislature.
2568:
2488:
2945:
Agreeably to the order of the day, the House proceeded to the election of Senators to represent this state in the
3780:, then a member of the Council of Appointments, was expelled from the State Senate, and soon after State Senator
2842:
4017:
217:
115:
3873:
3290:
675:
and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year.
4009:
3896:
2893:
2558:
2369:
1106:
110:
3767:
Congress was in session from January 4 to August 12, the State Legislature from January 13 to April 6, 1790.
5480:
5194:
4005:
The First Federal Elections 1788-1790: Congress, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New Hampshire
2953:
adopted for the government of the said states; and the ballots being taken, it appeared that the Honorable
3322:
2763:
King's election came after individual legislators and the two chambers failed to agree on the election of
3351:
2916:
2905:
3606:
3604:
3270:
3268:
3534:
3532:
3255:
3253:
3079:
2950:
2804:
2788:
2738:
2737:
The election was held in July 1789. It was the first such election, and before the actual election the
680:
295:
236:
3240:
3238:
3225:
3223:
1846:
In these general elections, the winners were elected in 1789 after March 4; ordered by election date.
3601:
3265:
2931:
2909:
2901:
2572:
2548:
2494:
2459:
2335:
1385:
1171:
692:
Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.
235:
Among the original 13 states, ten of them selected their senators prior to the official start of the
3529:
3250:
3184:
3571:, citing The New-Jersey Journal, and Political Intelligencer (Elizabethtown, NJ). December 3, 1788.
3480:
3235:
3220:
2857:
1621:
1611:
1488:
187:
5154:
3635:
3551:
3514:
3424:
3395:
2796:
2776:
2753:
5440:
2946:
811:
3879:
3830:
3808:
3683:
3658:
2780:
2757:
3889:
3985:
3979:
2800:
1161:
1047:
205:
74:
3845:
8:
2768:
2745:
4003:
2869:
679:
The allocation of the classes by lot then took place in May 1789, two months after the
3956:
3935:
3914:
3610:
3538:
3274:
3259:
3244:
3229:
4013:
3964:
3943:
3922:
3900:
3794:
2808:
should be declared vacant upon acceptance. Thus U.S. Senator Schuyler, Federal Judge
2803:, and four State Senators elected annually by the State Assembly. On January 27, the
2104:
2040:
1976:
1912:
1779:
1313:
1057:
998:
939:
880:
821:
762:
663:
213:
3631:
3559:
3510:
3476:
3432:
3403:
3359:
3330:
3298:
2924:
2865:
2552:
2509:
2504:
2390:
2385:
2094:
752:
4026:
3958:
3937:
3916:
3819:
2913:
2846:
2030:
1966:
1798:
1407:
1216:
3999:
2937:
While no official results of the votes were recorded, the State House recorded
2861:
2752:. These motions failed, and Schuyler was elected by a vote of 37 to 19 in the
1526:
1507:
255:
2 of the U.S. Constitution, the actual division of the Senate's seats into the
3749:
3208:
240:
November 1789, but Rhode Island failed to ratify the Constitution until 1790.
5703:
3777:
3725:
2817:
2792:
2562:
2375:
2350:
1808:
1517:
1439:
1116:
2821:
2813:
2772:
1294:
2809:
2764:
1733:
1322:
1232:
1138:
December 10, 1788, on the second ballot "to represent the eastern shore."
988:
3030:
2984:
2689:
2643:
2597:
2273:
2227:
2181:
2135:
1083:
December 10, 1788, on the third ballot "to represent the western shore."
3113:
The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress
2749:
1902:
1410:
was at first elected November 12, 1788, but "declined the appointment."
670:
was to be performed after these initial states elected their senators:
141:
1250:
3960:
Volume 4: President and Vice President, North Carolina, Rhode Island
1934:
State legislature failed to pick Senator until after Congress began.
1870:
State legislature failed to pick Senator until after Congress began.
5184:
3451:
3449:
3891:
The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, 1788-1790
2962:
2938:
5470:
3163:
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, 1789β1793
2357:
666:
specified that the actual division of the senate seats into the
3574:
3446:
3092:
647:
Classes of United States senators Β§ Constitutional footing
3591:
3589:
3378:
3376:
2476:
267:
2's interim four-year term, or the full six-year term of Class
3918:
Volume 2: Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia
3630:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3586:
3558:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3509:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3475:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3431:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3402:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3373:
3358:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3329:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
3297:. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787β1825.
2934:
was elected to the full six-year term of the Class 3 seat.
2904:, elected Pennsylvania's first two United States senators,
2062:
North Carolina ratified the Constitution November 21, 1789.
1998:
North Carolina ratified the Constitution November 21, 1789.
220:. As these elections were prior to the ratification of the
3611:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 2
3539:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 3
3275:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 2
3260:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 2
3245:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 2
3230:
Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, Vol. 2
3726:"Proceedings of the Legislature of the State of New-York"
3216:. Poughkeepsie, NY. p. 2 – via newspapers.com.
2105:
2041:
1977:
1913:
1058:
999:
940:
881:
822:
763:
3073:
1788β89 United States House of Representatives elections
2565:
by a margin of 3.70%, or 3 votes, for one of the seats.
3159:"Journal of the Senate of the United States of America"
2575:
by a margin of 2.44%, or 2 votes, for the other seat.
3981:
History of Political Parties in the State of New-York
2820:
vacated their seats in the State Senate. On April 3,
18:
1789 United States Senate elections in South Carolina
1841:
695:
232:
and June 12, 1790, after the convening of Congress.
3742:
3740:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3704:
2882:
1788 United States Senate elections in Pennsylvania
4056:
3888:
3748:
3724:
3684:"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Dec 09, 1788"
3659:"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Dec 10, 1788"
3207:
2976:List of United States senators from South Carolina
2919:was elected to the two-year staggered term of the
2836:List of United States senators from North Carolina
640:
3185:"Frequently Asked Questions about a New Congress"
2892:The election was held on September 30, 1788. The
2635:List of United States senators from New Hampshire
2589:List of United States senators from Massachusetts
5701:
3737:
3701:
3124:
3122:
2888:List of United States senators from Pennsylvania
293:
175:
3840:
3838:
3776:There was actually a precedent: In March 1781,
2727:1789 United States Senate elections in New York
2127:List of United States senators from Connecticut
2681:List of United States senators from New Jersey
2429:1788 United States Senate election in Maryland
2305:1788 United States Senate election in Maryland
5500:1788β1789 United States presidential election
5456:
5170:
4042:
3824:
3119:
3998:
3835:
3595:
3580:
3455:
3382:
3317:
3315:
3285:
3283:
3098:
3022:List of United States senators from Virginia
2775:. King was then elected unanimously by the
2733:List of United States senators from New York
2265:List of United States senators from Maryland
2173:List of United States senators from Delaware
2219:List of United States senators from Georgia
5463:
5449:
5177:
5163:
4049:
4035:
3874:Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present
3846:"U.S. Senate Election - 30 September 1788"
3804:
3802:
3469:"New Hampshire 1788 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3"
3352:"Massachusetts 1788 U.S. Senate, Ballot 7"
3312:
3280:
3153:
3151:
3104:
1691:(Pro-Administration) "Almost unanimously"
1193:November 24, 1788, on the seventh ballot.
623:
610:
597:
3177:
1802:(Anti-Administration) 86 votes (Class 1)
1783:(Anti-Administration) 98 votes (Class 2)
1596:(Anti-Administration) 66 votes (Class 1)
282:
208:elections following the adoption of the
202:1788β1789 United States Senate elections
3799:
1615:(Pro-Administration) 37 votes (Class 3)
1511:(Pro-Administration) 29 votes (Class 1)
1492:(Pro-Administration) 45 votes (Class 2)
14:
5702:
3148:
212:. They coincided with the election of
30:1788β89 United States Senate elections
5444:
5158:
4030:
3746:
3722:
3628:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3556:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3507:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3473:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3429:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3400:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3356:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3327:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3323:"Maryland 1788 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2"
3295:Tufts Digital Collations and Archives
3291:"Maryland 1788 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3"
3205:
429:
3831:Minutes of the North Carolina Senate
3130:"Senators Receive Class Assignments"
3025:
2979:
2684:
2638:
2592:
2268:
2222:
2176:
2130:
5715:1789 United States Senate elections
5710:1788 United States Senate elections
3165:. Library of Congress. May 14, 1789
2845:jointly elected incumbent Governor
2055:
1991:
1763:
1699:
1653:
1576:
1472:
424:
412:
54:September 30, 1788-January 22, 1789
24:
3747:Power, Nicholas (August 4, 1789).
3206:Power, Nicholas (August 4, 1789).
3110:
2779:, and by a vote of 11 to 8 in the
1400:
1351:
1260:
1182:
541:
529:
517:
364:
25:
5726:
3733:. Poughkeepsie, NY. pp. 1β2.
3723:Power, Nicholas (July 28, 1789).
2969:
2829:
1842:Elections during the 1st Congress
1632:
1558:
696:Races leading to the 1st Congress
687:
436:
376:
224:in 1913, senators were chosen by
210:Constitution of the United States
3503:"New Hampshire 1788 U.S. Senate"
3425:"New Hampshire 1788 U.S. Senate"
3396:"Massachusetts 1788 U.S. Senate"
3029:
2983:
2688:
2642:
2628:
2596:
2582:
2475:
2356:
2349:
2272:
2226:
2180:
2134:
2086:
2022:
1958:
1894:
1790:
1771:
1725:
1679:
1603:
1584:
1499:
1480:
1431:
1377:
1286:
1208:
1153:
1098:
1039:
980:
921:
862:
803:
777:
744:
718:
469:
457:
263:1's interim two-year term, Class
140:
36:
4002:; Becker, Robert, eds. (1976).
3813:
3809:Minutes of the House of Commons
3788:
3770:
3761:
3676:
3651:
3616:
3544:
3495:
3461:
3417:
3388:
3344:
3068:1788β89 United States elections
2875:
1537:
1454:
641:Division into the three classes
565:
553:
4058:United States Senate elections
3992:
3939:Volume 3: New Jersey, New York
3757:. Poughkeepsie, NY. p. 2.
3199:
2120:
1298:(Pro-Administration) 152 votes
218:president of the United States
78:14 seats needed for a majority
13:
1:
4010:University of Wisconsin Press
3957:DenBoer, Gordon, ed. (1989).
3936:DenBoer, Gordon, ed. (1984).
3915:DenBoer, Gordon, ed. (1984).
3897:University of Wisconsin Press
3867:
3552:"New Jersey 1788 U.S. Senate"
2947:Congress of the United States
2894:Pennsylvania General Assembly
2674:
1927:
1863:
1819:
1745:
1325:(Pro-Administration) 59 votes
1316:(Pro-Administration) 67 votes
1220:(Pro-Administration) 78 votes
1165:(Pro-Administration) 42 votes
1127:
1110:(Pro-Administration) 42 votes
1072:
895:
836:
579:
505:
493:
481:
400:
388:
328:
314:
5477:1789 United States elections
5191:1788 United States elections
1013:
954:
352:
340:
7:
3963:. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
3942:. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
3921:. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
3795:NCpedia: Convention of 1789
3624:"Virginia 1788 U.S. Senate"
3061:
3015:
2720:
2258:
2166:
10:
5731:
3080:1st United States Congress
3019:
2973:
2885:
2879:
2833:
2805:New York State Legislature
2789:1st United States Congress
2739:New York State Legislature
2730:
2724:
2678:
2632:
2586:
2262:
2216:
2212:
2170:
2124:
644:
589:
237:1st United States Congress
5617:
5548:
5508:
5488:
5380:
5362:
5322:
5267:
5202:
5109:
4843:
4726:
4419:
4402:
4064:
2549:Maryland General Assembly
2465:
2460:Maryland General Assembly
2456:
2433:
2341:
2336:Maryland General Assembly
2332:
2309:
443:
417:
405:
393:
381:
369:
357:
345:
333:
321:
277:Anti-Administration Party
173:
160: Anti-Administration
147:Results of the elections:
138:
82:
71:
46:
34:
3596:Jensen & Becker 1976
3581:Jensen & Becker 1976
3456:Jensen & Becker 1976
3383:Jensen & Becker 1976
3099:Jensen & Becker 1976
3085:
2898:House of Representatives
182:Elected Majority Faction
165:
158:
154: Pro-Administration
152:
5144:Gubernatorial elections
3881:The New York Civil List
2799:which consisted of the
2797:Council of Appointments
1833:Anti-Administration win
1759:Anti-Administration win
1717:
1671:
1572:Anti-Administration win
1423:
1419:Anti-Administration win
1369:
1278:
1200:
1145:
1090:
1031:
1027:Anti-Administration win
972:
968:Anti-Administration win
913:
854:
850:Anti-Administration win
795:
736:
5139:Presidential elections
3187:. United States Senate
3136:. United States Senate
2967:
2516:Legislative vote
2397:Legislative vote
2074:Pro-Administration win
2010:Pro-Administration win
1946:Pro-Administration win
1882:Pro-Administration win
1713:Pro-Administration win
1667:Pro-Administration win
1646:Pro-Administration win
1551:Pro-Administration win
1468:Pro-Administration win
1365:Pro-Administration win
1274:Pro-Administration win
1196:Pro-Administration win
1141:Pro-Administration win
1086:Pro-Administration win
909:Pro-Administration win
791:Pro-Administration win
732:Pro-Administration win
677:
2943:
2756:, and 13 to 6 in the
1443:(Anti-Administration)
1051:(Anti-Administration)
992:(Anti-Administration)
874:(Anti-Administration)
672:
283:Resulting composition
222:Seventeenth Amendment
5372:Massachusetts Senate
5129:List of US elections
4891:District of Columbia
4831:List of all specials
3986:Jabez Delano Hammond
3755:Poughkeepsie Journal
3731:Poughkeepsie Journal
3688:www.ourcampaigns.com
3663:www.ourcampaigns.com
3517:on February 29, 2020
3214:Poughkeepsie Journal
2965:, were duly elected.
2896:, consisting of the
2849:(who was considered
2801:Governor of New York
2098:(Pro-Administration)
2034:(Pro-Administration)
1970:(Pro-Administration)
1906:(Pro-Administration)
1737:(Pro-Administration)
1529:(Federalist) 7 votes
1446:(58 "Aye", 26 "Nay")
1389:(Pro-Administration)
933:(Pro-Administration)
815:(Pro-Administration)
756:(Pro-Administration)
75:United States Senate
73:All 26 seats in the
3851:. Wilkes University
3750:"New-York, July 29"
3209:"New-York, July 29"
3111:Martis, Kenneth C.
3101:, p. XXV-XXVI.
2949:, agreeably to the
2430:
2306:
1643:September 30, 1788.
1569:September 30, 1788.
1392:(60 "aye", 3 "nay")
658:, Section 3, Clause
605:Anti-Administration
251:, Section 3, Clause
116:Anti-Administration
31:
4844:Elections by state
3583:, p. 294-295.
3458:, p. 772-773.
3041:. You can help by
2995:. You can help by
2870:Timothy Bloodworth
2851:pro-Administration
2700:. You can help by
2654:. You can help by
2608:. You can help by
2571:won election over
2561:won election over
2458:80 members of the
2428:
2334:80 members of the
2304:
2284:. You can help by
2238:. You can help by
2192:. You can help by
2146:. You can help by
1548:November 25, 1788.
1465:November 25, 1788.
1362:November 12, 1788.
1271:November 24, 1788.
812:William S. Johnson
618:Pro-Administration
226:state legislatures
188:Pro-Administration
111:Pro-Administration
29:
5697:
5696:
5438:
5437:
5152:
5151:
5119:Election disputes
5114:Special elections
4839:
4838:
3820:US Senate website
3638:on March 16, 2020
3483:on March 17, 2020
3059:
3058:
3013:
3012:
2941:of its election:
2843:state legislature
2718:
2717:
2672:
2671:
2626:
2625:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2452:
2451:
2441:December 10, 1788
2426:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2328:
2327:
2317:December 10, 1788
2302:
2301:
2256:
2255:
2210:
2209:
2164:
2163:
2118:
2117:
2069:November 27, 1789
2005:November 27, 1789
1839:
1838:
1830:November 8, 1788.
1780:Richard Henry Lee
1756:November 8, 1788.
1710:January 22, 1789.
1664:January 22, 1789.
1314:Theodore Sedgwick
1024:January 17, 1789.
965:January 17, 1789.
906:October 25, 1788.
847:October 25, 1788.
788:October 16, 1788.
729:October 16, 1788.
664:U.S. Constitution
638:
637:
634:
633:
586:
585:
294:Beginning of the
214:George Washington
198:
197:
194:
193:
167: Territories
134:
133:
67:
66:
16:(Redirected from
5722:
5465:
5458:
5451:
5442:
5441:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5156:
5155:
5124:Results by state
4417:
4416:
4413:
4410:popular election
4077:
4072:elected by state
4051:
4044:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4023:
3974:
3953:
3932:
3910:
3894:
3876:, via Senate.gov
3861:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3850:
3842:
3833:
3828:
3822:
3817:
3811:
3806:
3797:
3792:
3786:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3752:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3720:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3634:. Archived from
3632:Tufts University
3620:
3614:
3608:
3599:
3593:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3560:Tufts University
3548:
3542:
3536:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3513:. Archived from
3511:Tufts University
3499:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3479:. Archived from
3477:Tufts University
3465:
3459:
3453:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3433:Tufts University
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3404:Tufts University
3392:
3386:
3380:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3360:Tufts University
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3331:Tufts University
3319:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3299:Tufts University
3287:
3278:
3272:
3263:
3257:
3248:
3242:
3233:
3227:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3155:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3126:
3117:
3116:
3108:
3102:
3096:
3054:
3051:
3033:
3026:
3008:
3005:
2987:
2980:
2866:Benjamin Hawkins
2812:and Congressmen
2769:Ezra L'Hommedieu
2746:Ezra L'Hommedieu
2713:
2710:
2692:
2685:
2667:
2664:
2646:
2639:
2621:
2618:
2600:
2593:
2553:Federalist Party
2479:
2467:
2466:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2360:
2353:
2343:
2342:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2276:
2269:
2251:
2248:
2230:
2223:
2205:
2202:
2184:
2177:
2159:
2156:
2138:
2131:
2111:
2107:
2095:Benjamin Hawkins
2093:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2047:
2043:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2020:
1983:
1979:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1919:
1915:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1849:
1848:
1807:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1620:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1525:
1516:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1489:William Paterson
1487:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1416:January 3, 1789.
1384:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1249:
1240:
1231:
1225:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1170:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1115:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1064:
1060:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1005:
1001:
987:
984:
983:
978:
946:
942:
928:
925:
924:
919:
887:
883:
869:
866:
865:
860:
828:
824:
810:
807:
806:
801:
769:
765:
753:Oliver Ellsworth
751:
748:
747:
742:
704:
703:
661:
655:
595:
594:
588:
587:
582:
568:
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
496:
484:
472:
460:
439:
427:
415:
403:
391:
379:
367:
355:
343:
331:
317:
305:
304:
270:
266:
262:
254:
248:
176:
168:
166:
161:
159:
155:
153:
144:
84:
83:
61:
48:
47:
41:
40:
39:
32:
28:
21:
5730:
5729:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5700:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5620:
5613:
5551:
5544:
5511:
5504:
5491:
5484:
5469:
5439:
5434:
5376:
5364:
5358:
5325:
5318:
5270:
5263:
5205:
5198:
5183:
5153:
5148:
5134:House elections
5105:
4835:
4728:
4722:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4407:
4406:
4398:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4020:
4008:. Vol. 1.
4000:Jensen, Merrill
3995:
3971:
3950:
3929:
3907:
3887:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3825:
3818:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3793:
3789:
3775:
3771:
3766:
3762:
3745:
3738:
3721:
3702:
3692:
3690:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3641:
3639:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3609:
3602:
3594:
3587:
3579:
3575:
3564:
3562:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3537:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3486:
3484:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3454:
3447:
3437:
3435:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3321:
3320:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3289:
3288:
3281:
3273:
3266:
3258:
3251:
3243:
3236:
3228:
3221:
3204:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3109:
3105:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3064:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3039:needs expansion
3024:
3018:
3009:
3003:
3000:
2993:needs expansion
2978:
2972:
2929:founding father
2914:Anti-Federalist
2890:
2884:
2878:
2847:Samuel Johnston
2838:
2832:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2698:needs expansion
2683:
2677:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2652:needs expansion
2637:
2631:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2606:needs expansion
2591:
2585:
2559:Charles Carroll
2457:
2370:Charles Carroll
2333:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2282:needs expansion
2267:
2261:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2236:needs expansion
2221:
2215:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2190:needs expansion
2175:
2169:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2144:needs expansion
2129:
2123:
2114:
2101:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2072:
2063:
2058:
2050:
2037:
2031:Samuel Johnston
2027:
2023:
2018:
2008:
1999:
1994:
1986:
1973:
1967:Philip Schuyler
1963:
1959:
1954:
1944:
1935:
1930:
1922:
1909:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1880:
1871:
1866:
1844:
1831:
1822:
1814:
1805:
1799:William Grayson
1795:
1791:
1786:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1757:
1748:
1740:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1711:
1702:
1694:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1665:
1656:
1644:
1635:
1627:
1618:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1570:
1561:
1549:
1540:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1466:
1457:
1449:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1417:
1411:
1408:Josiah Bartlett
1403:
1395:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1363:
1354:
1346:
1340:
1337:Gorham 23 votes
1334:
1331:Holten 39 votes
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1272:
1263:
1255:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1223:
1217:Tristram Dalton
1213:
1209:
1204:
1194:
1185:
1177:
1168:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1139:
1130:
1122:
1113:
1107:Charles Carroll
1103:
1099:
1094:
1084:
1075:
1067:
1054:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1025:
1016:
1008:
995:
985:
981:
976:
966:
957:
949:
936:
926:
922:
917:
907:
898:
890:
877:
871:Richard Bassett
867:
863:
858:
848:
839:
831:
818:
808:
804:
799:
789:
780:
772:
759:
749:
745:
740:
730:
721:
698:
690:
659:
653:
649:
643:
627:
614:
601:
578:
577:
576:
564:
563:
562:
552:
551:
550:
540:
539:
538:
528:
527:
526:
516:
515:
514:
504:
503:
502:
492:
491:
490:
480:
479:
478:
468:
467:
466:
456:
455:
454:
435:
434:
433:
423:
422:
421:
411:
410:
409:
399:
398:
397:
387:
386:
385:
375:
374:
373:
363:
362:
361:
351:
350:
349:
339:
338:
337:
327:
326:
325:
313:
312:
311:
299:
285:
268:
264:
260:
252:
246:
204:were the first
186:
184:
174:
169:
164:
163:
162:
157:
156:
151:
150:
149:
139:
122:Seats won
93:Minority party
90:Majority party
77:
72:
60:1790 & 1791
59:
42:
37:
35:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5728:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5686:
5684:South Carolina
5681:
5676:
5671:
5669:North Carolina
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5625:
5623:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5610:
5609:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5588:
5587:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5546:
5545:
5543:
5542:
5540:South Carolina
5537:
5535:North Carolina
5532:
5527:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5486:
5485:
5468:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5445:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5425:South Carolina
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5386:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5374:
5368:
5366:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5354:South Carolina
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5330:
5328:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5256:
5254:South Carolina
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5210:
5208:
5200:
5199:
5182:
5181:
5174:
5167:
5159:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5051:South Carolina
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5016:North Carolina
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4732:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4429:
4427:
4414:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4080:
4078:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4018:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3969:
3954:
3948:
3933:
3927:
3905:
3885:
3877:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3834:
3823:
3812:
3798:
3787:
3769:
3760:
3736:
3700:
3675:
3650:
3615:
3613:, p. 281.
3600:
3598:, p. 208.
3585:
3573:
3543:
3528:
3494:
3460:
3445:
3416:
3387:
3385:, p. 520.
3372:
3343:
3311:
3279:
3277:, p. 153.
3264:
3262:, p. 451.
3249:
3234:
3219:
3198:
3176:
3147:
3134:Senate History
3118:
3103:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3036:
3034:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3010:
2990:
2988:
2971:
2970:South Carolina
2968:
2955:William Maclay
2917:William Maclay
2906:William Maclay
2880:Main article:
2877:
2874:
2862:William Blount
2858:William Lenoir
2831:
2830:North Carolina
2828:
2725:Main article:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2695:
2693:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2649:
2647:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2603:
2601:
2584:
2581:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2471:
2463:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2438:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2314:
2300:
2299:
2279:
2277:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2233:
2231:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2187:
2185:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2141:
2139:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2099:
2079:
2077:
2060:
2056:North Carolina
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2035:
2015:
2013:
1996:
1992:North Carolina
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1971:
1951:
1949:
1932:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1907:
1887:
1885:
1868:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1824:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1784:
1764:
1762:
1750:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1718:
1716:
1704:
1700:South Carolina
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1672:
1670:
1658:
1654:South Carolina
1650:
1649:
1637:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1622:William Irvine
1616:
1597:
1593:William Maclay
1577:
1575:
1563:
1555:
1554:
1542:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1527:Elias Boudinot
1521:
1512:
1508:Jonathan Elmer
1493:
1473:
1471:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1424:
1422:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1370:
1368:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1305:Charles Jarvis
1299:
1279:
1277:
1265:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1242:Charles Jarvis
1236:
1227:
1226:Other 67 votes
1221:
1201:
1199:
1187:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1166:
1146:
1144:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1111:
1091:
1089:
1077:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1052:
1032:
1030:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
993:
973:
971:
959:
951:
950:
948:
947:
934:
914:
912:
900:
892:
891:
889:
888:
875:
855:
853:
841:
833:
832:
830:
829:
816:
796:
794:
782:
774:
773:
771:
770:
757:
737:
735:
723:
715:
714:
711:
708:
697:
694:
689:
688:Race summaries
686:
681:first Congress
645:Main article:
642:
639:
636:
635:
632:
631:
628:
625:
621:
620:
615:
612:
608:
607:
602:
599:
592:
584:
583:
574:
570:
569:
560:
557:
548:
545:
536:
533:
524:
521:
512:
509:
500:
497:
488:
485:
476:
473:
464:
461:
452:
448:
447:
441:
440:
431:
428:
419:
416:
407:
404:
395:
392:
383:
380:
371:
368:
359:
356:
347:
344:
335:
332:
323:
319:
318:
309:
298:
292:
284:
281:
196:
195:
192:
191:
179:
171:
170:
145:
136:
135:
132:
131:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
108:
104:
103:
101:
99:
95:
94:
91:
88:
80:
79:
69:
68:
65:
64:
56:
51:
44:
43:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5727:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5654:New Hampshire
5652:
5650:
5649:Massachusetts
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5616:
5608:
5605:
5604:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5580:New Hampshire
5578:
5576:
5575:Massachusetts
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5547:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5525:New Hampshire
5523:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5507:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5487:
5482:
5478:
5474:
5466:
5461:
5459:
5454:
5452:
5447:
5446:
5443:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5410:New Hampshire
5408:
5406:
5405:Massachusetts
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5383:
5379:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5361:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5344:New Hampshire
5342:
5340:
5339:Massachusetts
5337:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5299:New Hampshire
5297:
5295:
5294:Massachusetts
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5266:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5239:New Hampshire
5237:
5235:
5234:Massachusetts
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5201:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5180:
5175:
5173:
5168:
5166:
5161:
5160:
5157:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5108:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5091:West Virginia
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4996:New Hampshire
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4956:Massachusetts
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4725:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4418:
4415:
4411:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4040:
4038:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4021:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3972:
3970:9780299106508
3966:
3962:
3961:
3955:
3951:
3949:9780299106508
3945:
3941:
3940:
3934:
3930:
3928:9780299095109
3924:
3920:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3906:9780299066901
3902:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3847:
3841:
3839:
3832:
3827:
3821:
3816:
3810:
3805:
3803:
3796:
3791:
3783:
3779:
3778:Ephraim Paine
3773:
3764:
3756:
3751:
3743:
3741:
3732:
3727:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3619:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3582:
3577:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3541:, p. 24.
3540:
3535:
3533:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3457:
3452:
3450:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3420:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3254:
3247:, p. 74.
3246:
3241:
3239:
3232:, p. 28.
3231:
3226:
3224:
3215:
3210:
3202:
3186:
3180:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3053:
3044:
3040:
3037:This section
3035:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3007:
2998:
2994:
2991:This section
2989:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2959:Robert Morris
2956:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2932:Robert Morris
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2910:Robert Morris
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2818:John Laurance
2815:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:New York City
2790:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2712:
2703:
2699:
2696:This section
2694:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2666:
2657:
2653:
2650:This section
2648:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2629:New Hampshire
2620:
2611:
2607:
2604:This section
2602:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2583:Massachusetts
2580:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2563:Uriah Forrest
2560:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2455:
2448: →
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2376:Uriah Forrest
2374:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2331:
2324: →
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2296:
2293:November 2022
2287:
2283:
2280:This section
2278:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2250:
2241:
2237:
2234:This section
2232:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2204:
2195:
2191:
2188:This section
2186:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2158:
2149:
2145:
2142:This section
2140:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2109:
2108:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1980:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1941:July 27, 1789
1939:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1917:
1916:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1877:July 25, 1789
1875:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1809:James Madison
1804:
1801:
1800:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1689:
1688:Pierce Butler
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:Robert Morris
1598:
1595:
1594:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1518:Abraham Clark
1513:
1510:
1509:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:Paine Wingate
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1401:New Hampshire
1399:
1398:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:New Hampshire
1350:
1349:
1343:Other 2 votes
1339:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:Massachusetts
1259:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1183:Massachusetts
1181:
1180:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1117:Uriah Forrest
1112:
1109:
1108:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1003:
1002:
994:
991:
990:
975:
974:
969:
964:
960:
956:
953:
952:
944:
943:
935:
932:
931:
916:
915:
910:
905:
901:
897:
894:
893:
885:
884:
876:
873:
872:
857:
856:
851:
846:
842:
838:
835:
834:
826:
825:
817:
814:
813:
798:
797:
792:
787:
783:
779:
776:
775:
767:
766:
758:
755:
754:
739:
738:
733:
728:
724:
720:
717:
716:
712:
709:
706:
705:
702:
693:
685:
682:
676:
671:
669:
668:three classes
665:
657:
648:
629:
622:
619:
616:
609:
606:
603:
596:
593:
590:
581:
572:
571:
567:
558:
555:
546:
543:
534:
531:
522:
519:
510:
507:
498:
495:
486:
483:
474:
471:
462:
459:
450:
449:
446:
442:
438:
426:
414:
402:
390:
378:
366:
354:
342:
330:
320:
316:
307:
306:
303:
297:
291:
289:
280:
278:
272:
258:
257:three classes
250:
241:
238:
233:
229:
227:
223:
219:
216:as the first
215:
211:
207:
203:
190:
189:
183:
180:
178:
177:
172:
148:
143:
137:
129:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
100:
97:
96:
92:
89:
86:
85:
81:
76:
70:
63: →
62:
57:
55:
52:
50:
49:
45:
33:
27:
19:
5679:Rhode Island
5674:Pennsylvania
5509:
5420:Pennsylvania
5349:Pennsylvania
5309:Pennsylvania
5268:
5249:Pennsylvania
5056:South Dakota
5046:Rhode Island
5041:Pennsylvania
5021:North Dakota
4404:1914βpresent
4083:
4074:legislatures
4004:
3980:
3959:
3938:
3917:
3890:
3880:
3855:December 21,
3853:. Retrieved
3826:
3815:
3790:
3782:Arthur Parks
3772:
3763:
3754:
3730:
3691:. Retrieved
3687:
3678:
3666:. Retrieved
3662:
3653:
3642:February 15,
3640:. Retrieved
3636:the original
3627:
3618:
3576:
3565:February 15,
3563:. Retrieved
3555:
3546:
3521:February 15,
3519:. Retrieved
3515:the original
3506:
3497:
3487:February 15,
3485:. Retrieved
3481:the original
3472:
3463:
3438:February 15,
3436:. Retrieved
3428:
3419:
3409:February 15,
3407:. Retrieved
3399:
3390:
3365:February 15,
3363:. Retrieved
3355:
3346:
3336:February 15,
3334:. Retrieved
3326:
3304:February 15,
3302:. Retrieved
3294:
3213:
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3179:
3167:. Retrieved
3162:
3138:. Retrieved
3133:
3112:
3106:
3094:
3047:
3043:adding to it
3038:
3001:
2997:adding to it
2992:
2958:
2954:
2951:constitution
2944:
2936:
2923:seat, while
2891:
2876:Pennsylvania
2855:
2839:
2826:
2822:John Cantine
2814:John Hathorn
2791:convened at
2785:
2773:Lewis Morris
2762:
2743:
2736:
2706:
2702:adding to it
2697:
2660:
2656:adding to it
2651:
2614:
2610:adding to it
2605:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2546:
2532:
2519:
2487:
2440:
2413:
2400:
2368:
2316:
2290:
2286:adding to it
2281:
2244:
2240:adding to it
2235:
2198:
2194:adding to it
2189:
2152:
2148:adding to it
2143:
2106:data missing
2103:
2085:
2073:
2068:
2042:data missing
2039:
2021:
2009:
2004:
1978:data missing
1975:
1957:
1945:
1940:
1914:data missing
1911:
1893:
1881:
1876:
1845:
1832:
1811:(Federalist)
1789:
1770:
1758:
1724:
1712:
1678:
1666:
1645:
1633:Pennsylvania
1602:
1583:
1571:
1559:Pennsylvania
1550:
1498:
1479:
1467:
1430:
1418:
1386:John Langdon
1376:
1364:
1295:Caleb Strong
1285:
1273:
1207:
1195:
1152:
1140:
1097:
1085:
1059:data missing
1056:
1038:
1026:
1000:data missing
997:
979:
967:
941:data missing
938:
920:
908:
882:data missing
879:
861:
849:
823:data missing
820:
802:
790:
764:data missing
761:
743:
731:
699:
691:
678:
673:
650:
444:
300:
296:1st Congress
287:
286:
273:
242:
234:
230:
201:
199:
185:
181:
146:
125:
53:
26:
5629:Connecticut
5621:territories
5585:At-large sp
5481:→1790
5473:1788←
5390:Connecticut
5365:legislative
5334:Connecticut
5279:Connecticut
5214:Connecticut
4971:Mississippi
4881:Connecticut
3993:Works cited
3988:(pages 43f)
3693:November 4,
3668:November 4,
3050:August 2019
3004:August 2019
2810:James Duane
2765:James Duane
2709:August 2019
2663:August 2019
2617:August 2019
2573:George Gale
2529:Percentage
2495:George Gale
2410:Percentage
2247:August 2019
2201:August 2019
2155:August 2019
2121:Connecticut
1858:Candidates
1734:Ralph Izard
1323:John Lowell
1233:Nathan Dane
1172:George Gale
989:William Few
930:George Read
778:Connecticut
719:Connecticut
713:Candidates
206:U.S. Senate
5704:Categories
5659:New Jersey
5619:States and
5592:New Jersey
5415:New Jersey
5304:New Jersey
5244:New Jersey
5086:Washington
5006:New Mexico
5001:New Jersey
4871:California
4019:0299066908
3868:References
3020:See also:
2974:See also:
2925:Federalist
2886:See also:
2834:See also:
2750:Rufus King
2731:See also:
2679:See also:
2675:New Jersey
2633:See also:
2587:See also:
2569:John Henry
2510:Federalist
2505:Federalist
2489:John Henry
2484:Candidate
2391:Federalist
2386:Federalist
2365:Candidate
2263:See also:
2217:See also:
2171:See also:
2125:See also:
2059:(Class 3)
1995:(Class 2)
1931:(Class 1)
1903:Rufus King
1867:(Class 3)
1823:(Class 1)
1749:(Class 2)
1703:(Class 3)
1657:(Class 2)
1636:(Class 3)
1562:(Class 1)
1541:(Class 2)
1538:New Jersey
1458:(Class 1)
1455:New Jersey
1404:(Class 2)
1355:(Class 3)
1264:(Class 2)
1244:Eliminated
1235:Eliminated
1186:(Class 1)
1162:John Henry
1131:(Class 3)
1076:(Class 1)
1048:James Gunn
1017:(Class 3)
958:(Class 2)
899:(Class 1)
840:(Class 2)
781:(Class 3)
722:(Class 1)
684:possible.
445:Majority β
5492:President
5475:)
5206:President
5189:)
5096:Wisconsin
5061:Tennessee
4966:Minnesota
4941:Louisiana
4424:even-year
4066:1788β1913
1251:Azor Orne
662:2 of the
5689:Virginia
5664:New York
5644:Maryland
5634:Delaware
5602:Virginia
5597:New York
5570:Maryland
5560:Delaware
5530:New York
5479: (
5430:Virginia
5400:Maryland
5395:Delaware
5314:Virginia
5289:Maryland
5284:Delaware
5259:Virginia
5229:Maryland
5219:Delaware
5193: (
5081:Virginia
5031:Oklahoma
5011:New York
4986:Nebraska
4976:Missouri
4961:Michigan
4951:Maryland
4936:Kentucky
4916:Illinois
4886:Delaware
4876:Colorado
4866:Arkansas
4729:specials
4727:Odd-year
4426:specials
4420:Regulars
3899:. 1976.
3191:June 11,
3169:June 11,
3062:See also
3016:Virginia
2963:Esquires
2900:and the
2777:Assembly
2754:Assembly
2721:New York
2259:Maryland
2167:Delaware
1928:New York
1864:New York
1820:Virginia
1746:Virginia
1624:31 votes
1520:19 votes
1307:79 votes
1174:40 votes
1128:Maryland
1119:39 votes
1073:Maryland
896:Delaware
837:Delaware
5639:Georgia
5565:Georgia
5520:Georgia
5224:Georgia
5101:Wyoming
5076:Vermont
4981:Montana
4921:Indiana
4901:Georgia
4896:Florida
4861:Arizona
4851:Alabama
4826:2020β21
4796:1974β75
4394:1912β13
4389:1910β11
4384:1908β09
4379:1906β07
4374:1904β05
4369:1902β03
4364:1900β01
4359:1898β99
4354:1896β97
4349:1894β95
4344:1892β93
4339:1890β91
4334:1888β89
4329:1886β87
4324:1884β85
4319:1882β83
4314:1880β81
4309:1878β79
4304:1876β77
4299:1874β75
4294:1872β73
4289:1870β71
4284:1868β69
4279:1866β67
4274:1864β65
4269:1862β63
4264:1860β61
4259:1858β59
4254:1856β57
4249:1854β55
4244:1852β53
4239:1850β51
4234:1848β49
4229:1846β47
4224:1844β45
4219:1842β43
4214:1840β41
4209:1838β39
4204:1836β37
4199:1834β35
4194:1832β33
4189:1830β31
4184:1828β29
4179:1826β27
4174:1824β25
4169:1822β23
4164:1820β21
4159:1818β19
4154:1816β17
4149:1814β15
4144:1812β13
4139:1810β11
4134:1808β09
4129:1806β07
4124:1804β05
4119:1802β03
4114:1800β01
4109:1798β99
4104:1796β97
4099:1794β95
4094:1792β93
4089:1790β91
4084:1788β89
2939:minutes
2921:Class 1
2537:48.78%
2470:
2418:48.15%
2346:
2213:Georgia
2066:elected
2064:Winner
2002:elected
2000:Winner
1938:elected
1936:Winner
1874:elected
1872:Winner
1855:Result
1828:elected
1826:Winner
1754:elected
1752:Winner
1708:elected
1706:Winner
1662:elected
1660:Winner
1641:elected
1639:Winner
1567:elected
1565:Winner
1546:elected
1544:Winner
1463:elected
1461:Winner
1414:elected
1412:Winner
1360:elected
1358:Winner
1269:elected
1267:Winner
1191:elected
1189:Winner
1136:elected
1134:Winner
1081:elected
1079:Winner
1022:elected
1020:Winner
1014:Georgia
963:elected
961:Winner
955:Georgia
904:elected
902:Winner
845:elected
843:Winner
786:elected
784:Winner
727:elected
725:Winner
710:Result
652:Article
630:Vacant
245:Article
98:
87:
5512:Senate
5382:States
5271:Senate
5195:β 1789
5187:1787 β
5036:Oregon
4991:Nevada
4931:Kansas
4906:Hawaii
4856:Alaska
4016:
3967:
3946:
3925:
3903:
3140:May 1,
2902:Senate
2868:, and
2781:Senate
2758:Senate
2533:51.22%
2501:Party
2414:51.85%
2382:Party
1852:State
707:State
660:
654:
269:
265:
261:
253:
247:
243:Under
107:Party
5552:House
5363:State
5326:House
5066:Texas
4946:Maine
4911:Idaho
3849:(PDF)
3785:1790.
3086:Notes
2771:, or
2110:]
2102:[
2046:]
2038:[
1982:]
1974:[
1918:]
1910:[
1063:]
1055:[
1004:]
996:[
945:]
937:[
886:]
878:[
827:]
819:[
768:]
760:[
591:Key:
530:Mass.
518:Mass.
470:Conn.
458:Conn.
437:Penn.
377:Penn.
288:Note:
5550:U.S.
5510:U.S.
5490:U.S.
5324:U.S.
5269:U.S.
5204:U.S.
5071:Utah
5026:Ohio
4926:Iowa
4821:2017
4816:2013
4811:1993
4806:1991
4801:1983
4791:1961
4786:1959
4781:1957
4776:1949
4771:1947
4766:1941
4761:1937
4756:1933
4751:1931
4746:1925
4741:1923
4736:1921
4718:2028
4713:2026
4708:2024
4703:2022
4698:2020
4693:2018
4688:2016
4683:2014
4678:2012
4673:2010
4668:2008
4663:2006
4658:2004
4653:2002
4648:2000
4643:1998
4638:1996
4633:1994
4628:1992
4623:1990
4618:1988
4613:1986
4608:1984
4603:1982
4598:1980
4593:1978
4588:1976
4583:1974
4578:1972
4573:1970
4568:1968
4563:1966
4558:1964
4553:1962
4548:1960
4543:1958
4538:1956
4533:1954
4528:1952
4523:1950
4518:1948
4513:1946
4508:1944
4503:1942
4498:1940
4493:1938
4488:1936
4483:1934
4478:1932
4473:1930
4468:1928
4463:1926
4458:1924
4453:1922
4448:1920
4443:1918
4438:1916
4433:1914
4014:ISBN
3965:ISBN
3944:ISBN
3923:ISBN
3901:ISBN
3857:2012
3695:2022
3670:2022
3644:2018
3567:2018
3523:2018
3489:2018
3440:2018
3411:2018
3367:2018
3338:2018
3306:2018
3193:2013
3171:2013
3142:2022
2957:and
2927:and
2908:and
2816:and
2748:and
2547:The
2446:1795
2322:1790
580:N.Y.
566:N.J.
554:N.J.
542:N.H.
482:Del.
425:S.C.
413:S.C.
365:N.H.
329:Del.
315:N.Y.
200:The
5607:5th
4422:and
3984:by
3045:.
2999:.
2704:.
2658:.
2612:.
2524:40
2405:39
2288:.
2242:.
2196:.
2150:.
506:Md.
494:Md.
401:Va.
389:Va.
353:Ga.
341:Ga.
5706::
4012:.
3911::
3895:.
3837:^
3801:^
3753:.
3739:^
3729:.
3703:^
3686:.
3661:.
3626:.
3603:^
3588:^
3554:.
3531:^
3505:.
3471:.
3448:^
3427:.
3398:.
3375:^
3354:.
3325:.
3314:^
3293:.
3282:^
3267:^
3252:^
3237:^
3222:^
3212:.
3161:.
3150:^
3132:.
3121:^
2961:,
2912:.
2864:,
2860:,
2767:,
2760:.
2555:.
2520:42
2401:42
2076:.
2012:.
1948:.
1884:.
1835:.
1761:.
1715:.
1669:.
1648:.
1574:.
1553:.
1470:.
1421:.
1367:.
1276:.
1198:.
1143:.
1088:.
1029:.
970:.
911:.
852:.
793:.
734:.
561:10
432:11
420:12
408:13
228:.
130:7
126:13
5483:)
5471:(
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