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Victor James

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There had also been allegations that Bottomley had been overly familiar with one female member of the congregation (though no suggestion of immorality was made) culminating in an effusive Christmas card, recovered by James from a wastebasket. This was used as further ammunition by James, who was in
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33(1)(e)(ii) - would, or could reasonably be expected to disclose the existence or identity of a confidential source of information, including a person providing confidential information to the National Crime Authority or the Australian Federal Police or a witness under the Witness Protection Act
93:. Their claim to be Christian was denied by most other church leaders. Members of the congregation were predominately of British extraction, and generally thoughtful, educated, cultured, civic-minded and prosperous. In the latter half of the 19th century they generally supported the causes of 752:
Melbourne Unitarian Christian Church held its first services at the Mechanics' Institute in January 1853. Its first chapel, on Grey Street, Eastern Hill, was registered as a church in November 1854, rebuilt in 1864, and a new church on Grey Street opened in 1887. Grey Street West was renamed
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and anti-war movements (see below), generally perceived as Communist-inspired. Though he was at pains to point out that his participation was from personal conviction and not on behalf of his congregation, it drew unwelcome attention to the church, which in 1949 split along political lines.
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Bottomley came out of his service in the First World War disillusioned but not an absolute pacifist. He was not enamored of the anti-religious and undemocratic nature of Communism. He championed workers' rights but not absolutely — he spoke against the miners' strike of 1949.
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With the smaller congregation and departure of its more generous supporters, maintenance of the old building in Cathedral Place became insupportable, and in 1964 James's congregation built the Melbourne Unitarian Peace Memorial Church at 110 Grey Street,
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to address the congregation on the occasion of its 100th anniversary service. He was also to have toured other States, sponsored by the Australian churches, but his application for a passport was refused by the US State Department.
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in 1937 and opposed participation in WWII. He was a popular and energetic minister, attracting a large following to the church, including university students to its Young People's Society. He participated at the opening of the new
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the process of suing Bottomley for libel. A meeting of the congregation, though "stacked" with friends of Bottomley, found against him, and he resigned rather than accept their verdict. Bottomley and his followers founded the
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was founded in Sydney, 1935, by the Labour Council, which had come under attack as a pro-communist body. James was a member when he and a handful of others, in September 1949 following a successful peace rally, founded the
700: 715: 710: 705: 675:'s extensive file on him (Series A6119; control symbols 2175–2178) names of agents and informants have been blacked out and some reports have been withheld according to one or more of these "exemption criteria": 599:
He had his own workshop where he built radio and electronic equipment and inculcated the ideals of fine craftsmanship in his son William, later a maker of precision optical instruments for astronomy.
212:, Wales, son of a dentist, druggist and Calvinist Methodist lay preacher, but strongly influenced by his neighbour, a shoemaker and student of Darwinian evolution, who encouraged him to question 491:
in response. Dubbed the "peace parsons", they had also been involved in the formation of the APC. James was elected secretary of the organization, which despite being derided as Communist
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journal into a bright, controversial magazine. He came under fire from the US State Department when he refused under oath to name Communists in his congregation to the
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Perhaps his first foray into public activism was in 1949, when he was one of 23 clergy who signed a public letter of protest against the proposal of a large section of
546: 421: 527: 566: 401: 232:, which had lost its regular minister and was in danger of closing. He abandoned dentistry to study externally for the Unitarian ministry, a four-year course at 1998: 445: 385: 61:
The Melbourne Unitarian Church was founded in 1852 as the Unitarian Christian Church, a conventional anti-Trinitarian church with the Bible as its foundation.
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from 1947 to 1969. He was the target of right-wing hostility in the 1950s and 1960s due to his activities in the peace movement and links to Communist China.
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were active members. The vibrant intellectual atmosphere and freedom of the church also attracted a number of "free spirits" and "oddball" individualists.
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in September 1952. He travelled on his British passport, whereas those with Australian passports were blocked from leaving, an action supported by the
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James left the ministry in 1969 and was succeeded in 1972 by Terrence Stokes, previously known for his involvement with the Victorian branch of the
637:(Mfanwy) Avril James (c. 1926 – ) married Gordon Ernest Mitchell (6 June 1924 – ) on 15 April 1950. Mitchell was a precision optical technician. 461: 457: 323:
James conducted "The Unitarian Half-hour" from 1947 or earlier to 1964. In 1952 James invited Stephen Fritchman, pacifist and minister of the
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Member of the Executive of the Peace Liaison Committee for Asian and Pacific Regions and leader of a committee opposed to re-arming Japan.
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and leader of workers who attempted to block export of pig-iron to Japan in 1939) invited to attend Asian and Pacific Peace Conference.
378: 409: 131:. He came to Melbourne from Somerset in April 1926, succeeding Rev. J. T. Hustow as minister of the Melbourne church on Grey Street, 624:(1973), Beacon Publications, Melbourne. An overview of humanist religious thought, from a series of sermons delivered in July 1969. 2084: 2079: 17: 784: 324: 127:
who died when Bottomley was 16 years old. He, also, was a preacher before becoming a Unitarian and paid propagandist for the
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James was invited by Bottomley to take the position of assistant minister of the Melbourne church. He arrived by the
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Thelma James (24 March 1928 – 2016) married James Park (10 December 1921 – ), a Scottish carpenter, (VPF 11188)
1558: 534:. It may be that only three Australians attended: James, Sydney carpenter and unionist Bruce Hart, and Mrs 176:
from the mid-40s, which would survive to 1956. He attracted guest speakers ranging from the conservative
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The University of Melbourne holds an extensive collection of Victor James ephemera in their archives.
441: 312: 275:, accompanied by his wife, in the years 1945–1946. He was not as religious as Bottomley, being more 224:, where he heard Bottomley preaching and so became a regular attendee and occasional lay preacher of 1727: 934: 772: 341: 225: 128: 479:, and party membership, illegal. In June James spoke against the Bill and he, the Methodist Rev. 236:, Oxford; he then returned to South Wales, where he became minister of the Unitarian churches of 153: 1774: 1588: 1398: 1370: 1108: 1012: 616: 531: 1209: 850: 822: 771:
Stephen Hole Fritchman (1902–1981), born into a Quaker family, was appointed minister to the
654: 90: 82: 2069: 2064: 1221: 573: 550: 542:, journalist and author, left for China in January 1952, but is not known to have attended. 692:
33(1)(g) - would unreasonably disclose information about the personal affairs of a person;
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James was an expert woodworker, specialising in fine carpentry, carving and wood turning
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James had not only served in that conflict but, due to his longstanding antipathy to
193: 181: 98: 1703: 1229: 938:. Vol. LXXIII, no. 4508. Victoria, Australia. 11 January 1940. p. 14 906: 646:(6 March 1931 – May 1995) noted maker of instruments for optical astronomy VPF 4518 539: 492: 1496:. Vol. 68, no. 20, 653. Western Australia. 29 September 1952. p. 5 985:"Infidelity" here refers to anti-Christians ("infidels"), rather than adulterers. 762:
Misreported in the Scott book as "St Mary's Unitarian church", surely an oxymoron
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33(1)(a) - would damage Australia's security, defence or international relations;
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with his wife and four children on 3 July 1947. He became publicly involved in
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regiment (5358 Airfield Company) as squadron leader in China. He then served as
1946:. Vol. XIV, no. 24. Victoria, Australia. 20 September 1952. p. 1 910:. Vol. XLIII, no. 1112. Victoria, Australia. 23 July 1887. p. 28 508:
He criticised the government's refusal to issue passports to 23 men, including
260: 216:. Following demobilisation in 1918 he trained as a dentist, with a practice in 189: 70: 1993: 1965: 1937: 1881: 1853: 1825: 1797: 1769: 1670: 1611: 1583: 1515: 1422: 1393: 1365: 1334: 1233: 1159: 1131: 1112:. Vol. XLII, no. 42. Victoria, Australia. 23 October 1937. p. 2 1103: 1063: 1035: 1007: 929: 901: 873: 2058: 1909: 1749: 1698: 1648:. No. 30, 480. New South Wales, Australia. 11 September 1935. p. 14 1639: 1487: 480: 449: 363: 350: 1918:. Vol. 58, no. 17, 393. Western Australia. 7 April 1942. p. 2 845: 817: 168:. He conducted a popular program, "The Unitarian Half-hour" weekly on radio 484: 437: 429: 185: 132: 124: 106: 86: 78: 42: 633:
James married Ida Rose Relleen (2 July 1903 – 5 July 1958) in Ilminster.
2049: 538:, lecturer in English at Peking University. Ten New-Zealanders attended. 465: 156:
in 1940, taking the pulpit on its first Sunday. He was involved with the
144: 143:, in which he served. He briefly entered politics as a candidate against 2002:. No. 780. New South Wales, Australia. 25 February 1953. p. 4 1679:. No. 551. New South Wales, Australia. 7 September 1949. p. 5 495:, by June 1950 had 107,000 members. James's other activities include: 311:, which held its first meeting on 7 March 1950 at the Lecture Hall, 25 197: 117: 66: 1890:. No. 762. New South Wales, Australia. 15 October 1952. p. 2 1882:"Rev. V. James at Peking Conference "Aust. opposes Japanese rearming"" 1862:. No. 763. New South Wales, Australia. 22 October 1952. p. 9 331: 2024:
Australian Dictionary of Biography: Hartley, Francis John (1909–1971)
1974:. No. 30, 382. Victoria, Australia. 13 September 1952. p. 5 1524:. No. 30, 395. Victoria, Australia. 29 September 1952. p. 3 292: 217: 209: 74: 46: 1665: 1663: 1140:. No. 26, 709. Victoria, Australia. 22 November 1940. p. 6 73:, but substituted reason for dogma, so little credence was given to 30:"William Bottomley" redirects here. For the American architect, see 1402:. No. 22, 602. Victoria, Australia. 31 October 1949. p. 3 1374:. No. 22, 603. Victoria, Australia. 1 November 1949. p. 5 1044:. No. 22350. Victoria, Australia. 22 November 1926. p. 11 581: 471:
A major preoccupation of the Australian Government in 1950 was the
280: 276: 237: 172:, which ran from 1943 or earlier. He published a monthly magazine, 136: 121: 102: 1778:. No. 22696. Victoria, Australia. 17 February 1950. p. 7 1072:. No. 28, 693. Victoria, Australia. 12 April 1947. p. 11 1016:. No. 15, 354. Victoria, Australia. 5 August 1926. p. 18 588:
In none of these events was he supported by the Unitarian church.
1970: 1830: 1802: 1660: 1616: 1592:. No. 22, 403. Victoria, Australia. 11 March 1949. p. 3 1520: 1431:. No. 29, 595. Victoria, Australia. 4 March 1950. p. 12 1427: 1339: 1210:"William Edwin James — Designer and Maker of Astronomical Optics" 1164: 1136: 1068: 1040: 882:. No. 3, 055. Victoria, Australia. 12 August 1864. p. 1 878: 854:. No. 2351. Victoria, Australia. 21 November 1854. p. 8 272: 252: 221: 826:. No. 1796. Victoria, Australia. 27 January 1853. p. 8 1834:. No. 29, 971. Victoria, Australia. 21 May 1951. p. 3 1343:. No. 28, 762. Victoria, Australia. 2 July 1947. p. 2 1168:. No. 27419. Victoria, Australia. 6 March 1943. p. 11 229: 2027:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University 1806:. No. 29679. Victoria, Australia. 12 June 1950. p. 3 1707:. No. 4220. Queensland, Australia. 6 June 1950. p. 5 1620:. No. 29308. Victoria, Australia. 2 April 1949. p. 2 499:
President of the East-West Committee for Friendship with Asia
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Its services and sacraments were similar to those of regular
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Cathedral Place (for the nearby Catholic cathedral) in 1940.
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Renate Howe (1996). "Hartley, Francis John (1909–1971)".
264: 169: 1290:. 12 April 1947. p. NAA: A6119, 2175 Page 65 of 171 1207: 487:, all signatories to the Town Hall letter, founded the 464:(President of the Queensland Legion of Ex-Servicemen), 1366:"Unitarian Church Feud: Reply to Minister by Chairman" 1288:"Settlement application held by ASIO, Ref.B46/4/37419" 569:) were elected to attend but did not leave Australia. 188:
was a regular before he became a national figure and
1758:. Vol. 66, no. 19, 802. Western Australia. 1253: 1251: 1448: 1446: 220:, Somerset, and by 1922 was married and living in 2050:Melbourne Unitarian Peace Memorial Church website 1248: 973:. Unitarian Fellowship of Australia. p. 42. 255:, served also in WWII as instructor with rank of 2056: 1443: 192:used the pulpit in his push for divorce reform. 1556: 164:. He gave thoughtful and entertaining talks on 1412:The only mention of this story, not repeated. 1282: 1280: 1278: 968: 228:on Mary Street. He began preaching at nearby 2020: 1725: 1360: 1358: 1307: 1305: 1298:– via National Archives of Australia. 685:33(1)(d) - would be a breach of confidence; 448:(secretary of Anglican Board of Missions), 2010:– via National Library of Australia. 1982:– via National Library of Australia. 1954:– via National Library of Australia. 1926:– via National Library of Australia. 1898:– via National Library of Australia. 1870:– via National Library of Australia. 1842:– via National Library of Australia. 1814:– via National Library of Australia. 1786:– via National Library of Australia. 1715:– via National Library of Australia. 1687:– via National Library of Australia. 1656:– via National Library of Australia. 1628:– via National Library of Australia. 1600:– via National Library of Australia. 1564:. The Society of Organists (Victoria), Inc 1532:– via National Library of Australia. 1504:– via National Library of Australia. 1439:– via National Library of Australia. 1410:– via National Library of Australia. 1382:– via National Library of Australia. 1351:– via National Library of Australia. 1275: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1176:– via National Library of Australia. 1148:– via National Library of Australia. 1120:– via National Library of Australia. 1080:– via National Library of Australia. 1052:– via National Library of Australia. 1024:– via National Library of Australia. 946:– via National Library of Australia. 918:– via National Library of Australia. 890:– via National Library of Australia. 862:– via National Library of Australia. 834:– via National Library of Australia. 335:Peace Memorial Unitarian Church, Melbourne 728:Hartley and Dickie were awarded the 1965 649:David Reeleen James (1 September 1932 – ) 27:Australian Unitarian minister (1897–1984) 1854:"Big decisions on Peace at Peking talks" 1355: 1302: 736:. The reference does not mention James. 526:He led the Australian delegation to the 330: 1546:. Beacon Publications, Melbourne. 1973. 1488:"U.S. Passport Is Refused To Clergyman" 1192: 779:in 1942, transforming the conservative 775:Unitarian Church in 1930 and editor of 14: 2057: 502:Founder, Peace Quest Forum in Victoria 653:Later address was 124 Glenfern Road, 400:to ban one John Rodgers, director of 325:First Unitarian Church of Los Angeles 1313:"Archives — James, Victor, Reverend" 659: 1826:"Protests Against Recruiting Comic" 1671:"Australian Peace Council Launched" 1557:Terrence Stokes, ed. (March 1972). 1466:"Fritchman, Stephen H. (1902–1981)" 1208:H. C. Bolton; D. W. Coates (1996). 902:"The Chief Justice on Unitarianism" 796:Spelled "Terence" in the Scott book 545:James was a delegates to the third 315:, and founded the monthly magazine 286: 24: 1770:"This Dicky-bird Flew From Moscow" 591: 25: 2096: 2043: 697:The records are in four volumes: 309:Unitarian Fellowship of Australia 1728:"Collection, University library" 1584:"Protest on Town Hall by Clergy" 1394:"Church Feud; Why Minister Left" 555:Fellowship of Australian Writers 473:Communist Party Dissolution Bill 468:M.Sc., of Melbourne University. 424:(APC). Charter members included 404:, from holding a meeting in the 158:Workers' Educational Association 2014: 1986: 1958: 1930: 1902: 1874: 1846: 1818: 1790: 1762: 1742: 1719: 1691: 1632: 1612:"Free Speech Bans to be Probed" 1604: 1576: 1550: 1536: 1508: 1480: 1458: 1415: 1386: 1327: 1263: 1180: 1152: 1124: 1096: 1084: 1056: 1028: 1000: 971:The Halfway House to Infidelity 790: 765: 756: 602: 39:Victor Montgomery Keeling James 2085:Australian Unitarian ministers 2080:Australian Christian pacifists 1938:"Delegates Beat Passport Bans" 988: 962: 950: 922: 894: 866: 838: 810: 746: 549:held in Vienna December 1952. 75:heaven, hell and reincarnation 13: 1: 1798:"2000 Condemn Communist Bill" 1516:"Protest on Passport Refusal" 803: 723: 107:exploitation of Kanaka labour 56: 41:(19 March 1897 – 1984) was a 561:(another dentist, member of 483:, and the Presbyterian Rev. 7: 1453:Halfway House to Infidelity 1270:Halfway House to Infidelity 1258:Halfway House to Infidelity 1187:Halfway House to Infidelity 1091:Halfway House to Infidelity 995:Halfway House to Infidelity 957:Halfway House to Infidelity 391: 10: 2101: 1750:"Australian Peace Council" 611:(autobiography), intro by 520: 477:Australian Communist Party 203: 162:University Extension Board 32:William Lawrence Bottomley 29: 1730:. University of Melbourne 1645:The Sydney Morning Herald 1315:. University of Melbourne 1234:10.1017/S1323358000020932 1104:"Federal Elections Today" 628: 563:Democratic Rights Council 489:Democratic Rights Council 417:Democratic Rights Council 313:Russell Street, Melbourne 208:Victor James was born in 2075:Activists from Melbourne 1468:. Harvard Square Library 1008:"Church, Men and Events" 935:The Advocate (Melbourne) 773:Petersham, Massachusetts 739: 580:disarmament conference, 547:World Congress for Peace 512:, (Federal Secretary of 422:Australian Peace Council 412:to disrupt such events. 226:Taunton Unitarian Chapel 147:for the Federal seat of 129:Independent Labour Party 116:(1882–1966) was born in 1994:"Workers Win Back Jobs" 1214:Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust 1064:"21 Years in Australia" 730:Joliot-Curie gold medal 528:Peking Peace Conference 475:, which would make the 154:Sydney Unitarian Church 18:Victor James (minister) 1544:This Religion Business 1109:The Record (Melbourne) 1036:"Marriage and Divorce" 1013:The Herald (Melbourne) 969:Dorothy Scott (1980). 930:"Memories and Musings" 777:The Christian Register 622:this religion business 567:Essendon Peace Council 402:Australia-Soviet House 336: 120:, Yorkshire, son of a 1699:"Sunset of Democracy" 851:The Argus (Melbourne) 823:The Argus (Melbourne) 408:, and efforts by the 334: 1999:The Tribune (Sydney) 1910:"Export of Pig Iron" 1220:(1996, 13): 258–67. 609:Windows in the Years 574:Francis John Hartley 551:Elizabeth Vassilieff 386:Society of Organists 364:37.8112°S 144.9849°E 69:churches, including 1966:"Peking Conference" 1943:The Maritime Worker 1915:The West Australian 1755:The West Australian 1640:"Democratic Rights" 1493:The West Australian 1226:1996PASA...13..258B 734:World Peace Council 669:Australian Archives 644:William Edwin James 578:World Peace Council 434:Frank Dalby Davison 406:Melbourne Town Hall 360: /  178:Wilfrid Kent Hughes 369:-37.8112; 144.9849 337: 234:Manchester College 214:Biblical authority 101:, and opposed the 1726:Rev. Alf Dickie. 1244:– via NASA. 660:Further resources 493:fellow-travellers 376: 299:freedom of speech 263:, followed by an 257:company commander 182:Maurice Blackburn 114:William Bottomley 99:Aboriginal rights 16:(Redirected from 2092: 2037: 2036: 2034: 2032: 2018: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1990: 1984: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1962: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1934: 1928: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1906: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1878: 1872: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1850: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1822: 1816: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1794: 1788: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1723: 1717: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1704:The Courier-mail 1695: 1689: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1667: 1658: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1636: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1608: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1563: 1554: 1548: 1547: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1512: 1506: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1462: 1456: 1450: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1419: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1379: 1362: 1353: 1352: 1350: 1348: 1331: 1325: 1324: 1322: 1320: 1309: 1300: 1299: 1297: 1295: 1284: 1273: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1246: 1245: 1205: 1190: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1156: 1150: 1149: 1147: 1145: 1128: 1122: 1121: 1119: 1117: 1100: 1094: 1088: 1082: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1060: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1032: 1026: 1025: 1023: 1021: 1004: 998: 992: 986: 984: 966: 960: 954: 948: 947: 945: 943: 926: 920: 919: 917: 915: 907:The Australasian 898: 892: 891: 889: 887: 870: 864: 863: 861: 859: 842: 836: 835: 833: 831: 814: 797: 794: 788: 769: 763: 760: 754: 750: 711:Vol. III 1963–65 540:Wilfred Burchett 536:Nancy H. 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Index

Victor James (minister)
William Lawrence Bottomley
Unitarian
Melbourne
Victoria
Protestant
Holy Communion
heaven, hell and reincarnation
original sin
Virgin Birth
Resurrection
Redemption
women's suffrage
Aboriginal rights
Boer War
exploitation of Kanaka labour
Wharfedale
Wesleyan
lay preacher
Independent Labour Party
Eastern Hill
jingoism
First World War
Harold Holt
Fawkner
Sydney Unitarian Church
Workers' Educational Association
University Extension Board
ABC radio
3XY

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