Alexis de Tocqueville

6233: 3601:“Suppose that the Emperor of China, landing in France at the head of an armed power, should make himself master of our largest cities and of our capital. That after having burned all the public registers before suffering to read them, and having destroyed or dispersed all of the civil service without inquiring into their various attributions, he should finally seize every functionary⸺from the head of the government to the campesino guards, the peers, the deputies, and in general the whole ruling class⸺and deport them all at once to some distant country. Do you not think that this great prince, in spite of his powerful army, his fortresses and his treasures, will soon find himself extremely unprepared in administering the conquered country; that his new subjects, deprived of all those who conducted or could conduct affairs of state, will be unable to govern themselves, while he, coming from the antipodes, knows neither the religion, nor the language, nor the laws, nor the habits, nor the administrative customs of the country, and who has taken care to remove all those who could have instructed him in them, will be in no state rule them. You will therefore have no difficulty in foreseeing that if the parts of France which are materially occupied by the victor obey him, the rest of the country will soon be given over to an immense anarchy.” 1061: 3658:

what they despise. Individual property, industry, sedentary living are not contrary to the religion of Mohammed. Arabs have known or know these things elsewhere; they are appreciated and enjoyed by some of them in Algeria itself. Why should we despair of making them familiar to the greatest number? It has already been attempted on some points with success. Islam is not absolutely impenetrable to the Enlightenment; it has often admitted in its bosom certain sciences or certain arts. Why should we not try to make these flourish under our empire? Let us not force the natives to come to our schools, but let us help them to raise theirs, to multiply those who teach there, to train the men of law and the men of religion, of whom the Muslim civilization cannot do without any more than us.

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natural increase of population among the blacks; and as it could not remove as many men in a year as are born upon its territory within that time, it could not prevent the growth of the evil which is daily increasing in the states. The Negro race will never leave those shores of the American continent to which it was brought by the passions and the vices of Europeans; and it will not disappear from the New World as long as it continues to exist. The inhabitants of the United States may retard the calamities which they apprehend, but they cannot now destroy their efficient cause.

3372:, which meant that as time went by large estates became broken up within a few generations which in turn made the children more equal overall. According to Joshua Kaplan's Tocqueville, it was not always a negative development since bonds of affection and shared experience between children often replaced the more formal relation between the eldest child and the siblings, characteristic of the previous aristocratic pattern. Overall, hereditary fortunes in the new democracies became exceedingly difficult to secure and more people were forced to struggle for their own living. 3456:

views, no spiritual conception presided over the foundation of these new settlements. The colony was scarcely established when slavery was introduced; this was the capital fact which was to exercise an immense influence on the character, the laws and the whole future of the South. Slavery dishonors labor; it introduces idleness into society, and with idleness, ignorance and pride, luxury and distress. It enervates the powers of the mind and benumbs the activity of man. On this same English foundation there developed in the North very different characteristics.

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crude and brutal mind of a soldier. It was not worth putting displacing the Turks to reproduce that which in them deserved the detestation of the world. That, even from the point of view of interest, is much more harmful than useful; because, as another officer said to me, if we only aim to equal the Turks we will be by the fact in a position much lower than them: barbarians among barbarians, the Turks will always have on us the advantage of being Muslim barbarians. It is thus to a principle superior to theirs that we must appeal.

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the Arabs will be obliged to submit. And, if I must say what I think, these acts do not revolt me more or even as much as several others which the law of war obviously authorizes and which take place in all the wars of Europe. Why is it more odious to burn harvests and take women and children prisoner than to bombard the harmless population of a besieged city or to seize merchant ships belonging to the subjects of an enemy power at sea? The one is, in my opinion, much crueler and less justifiable than the other.

785:, and other labor concerns in order to undermine the appeal of the socialists. Tocqueville was also elected general counsellor of Manche in 1842 and became the president of the department's general council between 1849 and 1852; he resigned as he refused to pledge allegiance to the Second Empire. According to one account, Tocqueville's political position became untenable during this time in the sense that he was mistrusted by both the left and right and was looking for an excuse to leave France. 3263: 3384:

making money. The lower classes had no hope of gaining more than minimal wealth while the upper classes found it crass, vulgar and unbecoming of their sort to care about something as unseemly as money and many were virtually guaranteed wealth and took it for granted. At the same time in the United States, workers would see people fashioned in exquisite attire and merely proclaim that through hard work they too would soon possess the fortune necessary to enjoy such luxuries.

3690: 16186: 3376: 4050: 1766: 3569:, he explained: "The jury, and more especially the civil jury, serves to communicate the spirit of the judges to the minds of all the citizens; and this spirit, with the habits which attend it, is the soundest preparation for free institutions. It invests each citizen with a kind of magistracy; it makes them all feel the duties which they are bound to discharge toward society; and the part which they take in the Government". 4036: 3275: 1778: 6252: 3556:, Tocqueville also forecast the preeminence of the United States and Russia as the two main global powers. In his book, he stated: "There are now two great nations in the world, which starting from different points, seem to be advancing toward the same goal: the Russians and the Anglo-Americans. Each seems called by some secret design of Providence one day to hold in its hands the destinies of half the world". 3409:

in politics is closed to him for he has offended the only power that holds the keys". According to Kaplan's interpretation of Tocqueville, he argued in contrast to previous political thinkers that a serious problem in political life was not that people were too strong, but that people were "too weak" and felt powerless as the danger is that people felt "swept up in something that they could not control".

16192: 4064: 3353:. In contrast to the aristocratic ethic, the United States was a society where hard work and money-making was the dominant ethic, where the common man enjoyed a level of dignity which was unprecedented, where commoners never deferred to elites and where what he described as crass individualism and market capitalism had taken root to an extraordinary degree. 3642:, Tocqueville went so far to claim that "war in Africa is a science. Everyone is familiar with its rules and everyone can apply those rules with almost complete certainty of success. One of the greatest services that Field Marshal Bugeaud has rendered his country is to have spread, perfected and made everyone aware of this new science". 3606:

second, changes in French society. Tocqueville believed that war and colonization would "restore national pride; threatened", he believed, by "the gradual softening of social mores" in the middle classes. Their taste for "material pleasures" was spreading to the whole of society, giving it "an example of weakness and egotism".

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claimed too great a voice in the public sphere to defer to intellectual superiors. This culture promoted a relatively pronounced equality, Tocqueville argued, but the same mores and opinions that ensured such equality also promoted mediocrity. Those who possessed true virtue and talent were left with limited choices.

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Without doubt, it would be as dangerous as it would be useless to try to suggest to them our morals, our ideas, our customs. It is not in the direction of our European civilization that we must now push them, but in the direction of their own civilization; we must ask of them what they desire and not

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Despite being initially critical of the French invasion of Algeria, Toccqueville also believed that geopolitical necessities of the time would not allow for a withdrawal of military forces for two reasons: first, his understanding of the international situation and France's position in the world; and

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were able to receive thousands of new inhabitants every year, and if the Negroes were in a state to be sent thither with advantage; if the Union were to supply the society with annual subsidies, and to transport the Negroes to Africa in government vessels, it would still be unable to counterpoise the

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as a chief factor in stifling thinking: "The majority has enclosed thought within a formidable fence. A writer is free inside that area, but woe to the man who goes beyond it, not that he stands in fear of an inquisition, but he must face all kinds of unpleasantness in every day persecution. A career

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In contrast, a despotism under a democracy could see "a multitude of men", uniformly alike, equal, "constantly circling for petty pleasures", unaware of fellow citizens and subject to the will of a powerful state which exerted an "immense protective power". Tocqueville compared a potentially despotic

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An old and sincere friend of America, I am uneasy at seeing Slavery retard her progress, tarnish her glory, furnish arms to her detractors, compromise the future career of the Union which is the guaranty of her safety and greatness, and point out beforehand to her, to all her enemies, the spot where

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Tocqueville writes: "Among a democratic people, where there is no hereditary wealth, every man works to earn a living. Labor is held in honor; the prejudice is not against but in its favor". Tocqueville asserted that the values that had triumphed in the North and were present in the South had begun

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Egoism springs from a blind instinct; individualism from wrong-headed thinking rather than from depraved feelings. It originates as much from defects of intelligence as from the mistakes of the heart. Egoism blights the seeds of every virtue; individualism at first dries up only the source of public

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The above is often misquoted as a slavery quote because of previous translations of the French text. The most recent translation by Arthur Goldhammer in 2004 translates the meaning to be as stated above. Examples of misquoted sources are numerous on the internet such as "Americans are so enamored of

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Against this image of Tocqueville, biographer Joseph Epstein has concluded: "Tocqueville could never bring himself to serve a man he considered a usurper and despot. He fought as best he could for the political liberty in which he so ardently believed—had given it, in all, thirteen years of his life

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See Volume One, Part I, Chapter 3. In the original, "Il y a en effet une passion mâle et légitime pour l’égalité qui excite les hommes à vouloir être tous forts et estimés. Cette passion tend à élever les petits au rang des grands, mais il se rencontre aussi dans le cœur humain un goût dépravé pour

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In the debate about the 1846 extraordinary funds, Tocqueville denounced Bugeaud's conduct of military operations and succeeded in convincing the Assembly not to vote funds in support of Bugeaud's military columns. Tocqueville considered Bugeaud's plan to invade Kabylia despite the opposition of the

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Every day the French are developing clearer and more accurate notions about the inhabitants of Algeria. They learn their languages, become familiar with their customs, and one even sees some who show a kind of unthinking enthusiasm for them. On the other hand, the whole of the young Arab generation

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Tocqueville believed that the American jury system was particularly important in educating citizens in self-government and rule of law. He often expressed how the civil jury system was one of the most effective showcases of democracy because it connected citizens with the true spirit of the justice

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The men sent to Virginia were seekers of gold, adventurers without resources and without character, whose turbulent and restless spirit endangered the infant colony. Artisans and agriculturalists arrived afterwards hardly in any respect above the level of the inferior classes in England. No lofty

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Tocqueville continues to comment on equality by saying: "Furthermore, when citizens are all almost equal, it becomes difficult for them to defend their independence against the aggressions of power. As none of them is strong enough to fight alone with advantage, the only guarantee of liberty is for

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If Rousseau had known the Kabyles he would not have spouted so much nonsense about the Caribbean and other American Indians: He would have looked to the Atlas for his models; there he would have found men who are subject to a kind of social police and yet almost as free as the isolated individual

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In opposition to Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison, Jean-Louis Benoît said that given the extent of racial prejudices during the colonization of Algeria, Tocqueville was one of its "most moderate supporters". Benoît said that it was wrong to assume Tocqueville was a supporter of Bugeaud despite his 1841

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I have often heard in France men whom I respect, but whom I do not agree with, say that it wrong to burn the harvests, to empty the silos and finally to imprison unarmed men, women and children. These are, in my opinion, unfortunate necessities, but ones to which any people who want to make war on

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For my part, I have brought back from Africa the distressing notion that at the moment we are waging war in a much more barbaric manner than the Arabs themselves. At present, theirs is the side of civilization. This way of waging war seems to me as stupid as it is cruel. It can only enter into the

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Joshua Kaplan, Tocqueville did not originate the concept of individualism, instead he changed its meaning and saw it as a "calm and considered feeling which disposes each citizen to isolate himself from the mass of his fellows and to withdraw into the circle of family and friends . ith this little

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Tocqueville believed that jury service not only benefited the society as a whole, but enhanced jurors' qualities as citizens. Because of the jury system, "they were better informed about the rule of law, and they were more closely connected to the state. Thus, quite independently of what the jury

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The first who attracts the eye, the first in enlightenment, in power and in happiness, is the white man, the European, man par excellence; below him appear the Negro and the Indian. These two unfortunate races have neither birth, nor face, nor language, nor mores in common; only their misfortunes

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Tocqueville said that those with the most education and intelligence were left with two choices. They could join limited intellectual circles to explore the weighty and complex problems facing society, or they could use their superior talents to amass vast fortunes in the private sector. He wrote

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Despite maintaining that the balance of property determined the balance of power, Tocqueville argued that as the United States showed, equitable property holdings did not ensure the rule of the best men. In fact, it did quite the opposite as the widespread, relatively equitable property ownership

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As Tocqueville understood it, this rapidly democratizing society had a population devoted to "middling" values which wanted to amass through hard work vast fortunes. In Tocqueville's mind, this explained why the United States was so different from Europe. In Europe, he claimed, nobody cared about

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since people could "take control over their own lives" without government aid. According to Kaplan, Americans have a difficult time accepting Tocqueville's criticism of the stifling intellectual effect of the "omnipotence of the majority" and that Americans tend to deny that there is a problem in

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for the reestablishment of the state of siege in the capital and approved the arrest of demonstrators. Tocqueville, who since February 1848 had supported laws restricting political freedoms, approved the two laws voted immediately after the June 1849 days which restricted the liberty of clubs and

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I do not think it is for me, a foreigner, to indicate to the United States the time, the measures, or the men by whom Slavery shall be abolished. Still, as the persevering enemy of despotism everywhere, and under all its forms, I am pained and astonished by the fact that the freest people in the

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Beyond the eradication of old-world aristocracy, ordinary Americans also refused to defer to those possessing, as Tocqueville put it, superior talent and intelligence and these natural elites could not enjoy much share in political power as a result. Ordinary Americans enjoyed too much power and

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declared by Cavaignac and other measures promoting suspension of the constitutional order. Between May and September, Tocqueville participated in the Constitutional Commission which wrote the new Constitution. His proposals, such as his amendment about the President and his reelection, reflected

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that split and eventually break apart someone's estate that cause a constant cycle of churn between the poor and the rich, thereby over generations making the poor rich and the rich poor. He cites protective laws in France at the time that protected an estate from being split apart among heirs,

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According to Tocqueville, assimilation of black people would be almost impossible and this was already being demonstrated in the Northern states. However, assimilation was the best solution for Native Americans, and since they were too proud to assimilate, they would inevitably become extinct.

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as vices, he saw individualism as not a failure of feeling, but as a way of thinking about things which could have either positive consequences such as a willingness to work together, or negative consequences such as isolation and that individualism could be remedied by improved understanding.

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against the socialists. A few days after the February 1848 insurrection, he anticipated that a violent clash between the Parisian workers' population led by socialists agitating in favour of a "Democratic and Social Republic" and the conservatives, which included the aristocracy and the rural

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Tocqueville argued that though unpleasant, domination via violent means is necessary for colonization and justified by the laws of war. Such laws are not discussed in detail, but given that the goal of the French mission in Algeria was to obtain commercial and military interest as opposed to

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they are to strike. As a man, too, I am moved at the spectacle of man's degradation by man, and I hope to see the day when the law will grant equal civil liberty to all the inhabitants of the same empire, as God accords the freedom of the will, without distinction, to the dwellers upon earth.

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Tocqueville warned that modern democracy may be adept at inventing new forms of tyranny because radical equality could lead to the materialism of an expanding bourgeoisie and to the selfishness of individualism. "In such conditions, we might become so enamored with 'a relaxed love of present

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were considered by Tocqueville to be particularly valuable whereas direct control of the political operations of the entirety of Algeria was not. Thus, the author stresses domination over only certain points of political influence as a means to colonization of commercially valuable areas.

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Tocqueville was an ardent supporter of liberty. "I have a passionate love for liberty, law, and respect for rights", he wrote. "I am neither of the revolutionary party nor of the conservative. Liberty is my foremost passion". He wrote of "Political Consequences of the Social State of the

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attempted to capture the essence of American culture and values. Although a supporter of colonialism, Tocqueville could clearly perceive the evils that black people and natives had been subjected to in the United States. Tocqueville devoted the last chapter of the first volume of

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Others such as the Catholic writer Daniel Schwindt disagree with Kaplan's interpretation, arguing instead that Tocqueville saw individualism as just another form of egotism and not an improvement over it. To make his case, Schwindt provides citations such as the following:

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democratic government to a protective parent who wants to keep its citizens (children) as "perpetual children" and which does not break men's wills, but rather guides it and presides over people in the same way as a shepherd looking after a "flock of timid animals".

3365:, resulting in more widely distributed land holdings. This was a contrast to the general aristocratic pattern in which only the eldest child, usually a man, inherited the estate, which had the effect of keeping large estates intact from generation to generation. 3490:

world is, at the present time, almost the only one among civilized and Christian nations which yet maintains personal servitude; and this while serfdom itself is about disappearing, where it has not already disappeared, from the most degraded nations of Europe.

3589:, Tocqueville took it upon himself to become an expert on the “Algeria Question,” and to this end penned a number of discourses and letters. He also made a point of studying Islam, the Quran, and the Arabic language, in order to better understand the country. 3996: 3348:

that the balance of property determined the balance of political power, but his conclusions after that differed radically from those of his predecessors. Tocqueville tried to understand why the United States was so different from Europe in the last throes of

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Tocqueville's main purpose was to analyze the functioning of political society and various forms of political associations, although he brought some reflections on civil society too (and relations between political and civil society). For Tocqueville, as for

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Anglo-Americans" by saying: "But one also finds in the human heart a depraved taste for equality, which impels the weak to want to bring the strong down to their level, and which reduces men to preferring equality in servitude to inequality in freedom".

881:(1845–1849). They chronicle the growing Catholic middle class and the appalling conditions in which most Catholic tenant farmers lived. Tocqueville made clear both his opposition to aristocratic power and his affinity for his Irish co-religionists. 3753:

Tocqueville includes in his report on Algeria that the fate of their soldiers and finances depended on how the French government treats the various native populations of Algeria, including the various Arab tribes, independent Kabyles living in the

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who enjoys his wild independence in the depths of the woods; men who are neither rich nor poor, neither servants nor masters; who appoint their own chiefs, and scarcely notice that they have chiefs, who are content with their state and remain in it

797:. While he did visit some prisons, Tocqueville traveled widely in the United States and took extensive notes on his observations and reflections. He returned within nine months and published a report, but the more well-known result of his tour was 5955: 3749:

in order to avoid the bloody consequences. More particularly he reminds his countrymen of a solemn caution whereby he warns them that if the methods used towards the Algerian people remain unchanged, colonization will end in a blood bath.

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in Algiers speaks our language and has already taken on some of our customs. There is therefore no reason to believe that time cannot succeed in amalgamating the two races. God does not prevent it; only the faults of men could impede it.

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were to take root in a modern democracy, it would be a much more dangerous version than the oppression under the Roman emperors or tyrants of the past who could only exert a pernicious influence on a small group of people at a time.

3534:. Both populations were "undemocratic", or without the qualities, intellectual and otherwise needed to live in a democracy. Tocqueville shared many views on assimilation and segregation of his and the coming epochs, but he opposed 978:

for the conduct of serious politics. He to bring the kind of stability to French political life that would permit the steady growth of liberty unimpeded by the regular rumblings of the earthquakes of revolutionary change″.

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His view on government reflects his belief in liberty and the need for individuals to be able to act freely while respecting others' rights. Of centralized government, he wrote that it "excels in preventing, not doing".

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to European settlers and Algerian Jews whereas Muslim Algerians would be governed under the Code de l'indigénat. However Tocqueville hoped for an eventual mixing of the French and Arab populations into a single body:

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look alike. Both occupy an equally inferior position in the country that they inhabit; both experience the effects of tyranny; and if their miseries are different, they can accuse the same author for them.

3983:(1893) – This work was a private journal of the Revolution of 1848. He never intended to publish this during his lifetime; it was published by his wife and his friend Gustave de Beaumont after his death. 3319:

enjoyments' that we lose interest in the future of our descendants...and meekly allow ourselves to be led in ignorance by a despotic force all the more powerful because it does not resemble one", wrote

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Tocqueville's professed religion was Roman Catholicism. He saw religion as being compatible with both equality and individualism, but felt that religion would be strongest when separated from politics.

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When individualism was a positive force and prompted people to work together for common purposes and seen as "self-interest properly understood", then it helped to counterbalance the danger of the

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and its burgeoning democratic order. Observing from the perspective of a detached social scientist, Tocqueville wrote of his travels through the United States in the early 19th century when the

908:. As the countryside was thought to be more conservative than the labouring population of Paris, he conceived of universal suffrage as a means to counteract the revolutionary spirit of Paris. 6428: 1838:, Tocqueville thought that through associating for mutual purpose, both in public and private, Americans are able to overcome selfish desires, thus making both a self-conscious and active 16431: 16426: 16421: 3784:

criteria of just cause. Further, given that Tocqueville approved of the use of force to eliminate civilian housing in enemy territory, his approach does not accord with just war theory's

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Tocqueville explicitly cites inequality as being incentive for the poor to become rich and notes that it is not often that two generations within a family maintain success and that it is

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for the presidential election of 1848. Opposed to Louis Napoléon Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup which followed his election, Tocqueville was among the deputies who gathered at the

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The latter stresses the obtainment and protection of land and passageways that promise commercial wealth. In the case of Algeria, the Port of Algiers and the control over the

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Galbo, Joseph. "Ethnographies of empire and resistance: 'wilderness' and the 'vanishing Indian' in Alexis de Tocqueville's 'A Fortnight in the Wilderness' and John Tanner's

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l’égalité, qui porte les faibles à vouloir attirer les forts à leur niveau, et qui réduit les hommes à préférer l’égalité dans la servitude à l’inégalité dans la liberté."

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equality that they would rather be equal in slavery than unequal in freedom", but the text does not contain the words "Americans were so enamored by equality" anywhere.

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In 1831, Tocqueville obtained from the July Monarchy a mission to examine prisons and penitentiaries in the United States and proceeded there with his lifelong friend

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Tocqueville's penetrating analysis sought to understand the peculiar nature of American political life. In describing the American, he agreed with thinkers such as

1018:. He would spend the days remaining to him fighting the same fight, but conducting it now from libraries, archives, and his own desk". There, he began the draft of 15191: 15026: 14821: 12495: 11246: 990:

in an attempt to resist the coup and have Napoleon III judged for "high treason" as he had violated the constitutional limit on terms of office. Detained at

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In a series of letters penned by Alexis de Tocqueville, he describes the situation of France as well as the geography and society of Algeria at the time.

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apologetic discourse. It seems that Tocqueville modified his views after his second visit to Algeria in 1846 as he criticized Bugeaud's desire to invade

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during his time spent there. He is frequently quoted and studied in American history classes. Tocqueville is the inspiration for Australian novelist

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which distinguished the United States and determined its mores and values also explained why the United States masses held elites in such contempt.

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that the French military advance leave Kabylia undisturbed and in subsequent speeches and writings he continued to oppose intrusion into Kabylia.

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Tocqueville's views on the matter were complex. Although in his 1841 report on Algeria he applauded Bugeaud for making war in a way that defeated

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In 1835 Tocqueville journeyed through Ireland. His observations provide one of the best pictures of the state of Ireland before the

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through the implementation of two different legislative systems for each ethnic group (a half century before implementation of the

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that he did not know of any country where there was "less independence of mind, and true freedom of discussion, than in America".

1133:, concern for the individual as well as for the community. However, on a negative note, Tocqueville remarked that "in democracies 681:, who was guillotined in 1793. His parents, Hervé Louis François Jean Bonaventure Clérel, Count of Tocqueville, an officer of the 16456: 16451: 16366: 15226: 14901: 14324: 13626: 11209: 8373: 4968: 736:(1830–1848), began his political career in 1839. From 1839 to 1851, he served as member of the lower house of parliament for the 14956: 6009:

Aristocratic Liberalism : The Social and Political Thought of Jacob Burckhardt, Johns Stuart Mill and Alexis de Tocqueville

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Tocqueville concluded that return of the Black population to Africa could not resolve the problem as he writes at the end of

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In his 1847 "Report on Algeria", Tocqueville declared that Europe should avoid making the same mistake they made with the

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thereby preserving wealth and preventing a churn of wealth such as was perceived by him in 1835 within the United States.

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In contrast, landed elites in the United States were less likely to pass on fortunes to a single child by the action of

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Alexis de Tocqueville was an important figure in the colonization of Algeria. A member of French parliament during the

642:. He believed the failure of the Revolution came from the inexperience of the deputies who were too wedded to abstract 16391: 15304: 15284: 9900: 9142: 8577: 8403: 8162: 7623: 6701: 6467: 6080: 5141: 4542: 4227: 4084: 3971: 3958: 3904: 3886: 3803: 2889: 1544: 1036:, Tocqueville would eventually succumb to the disease on 16 April 1859 and was buried in the Tocqueville cemetery in 968:

This active support in favor of laws restricting political freedoms stands in contrast of his defense of freedoms in

587: 442: 50: 15543: 9778: 9773: 9739: 16123: 14404: 12854: 12565: 12485: 12465: 9091: 7643: 6317: 5822: 4015:(1835) originally published by Ivan R. Dee. Inspired by a trip to England. One of Tocqueville's more obscure works. 2582: 1620: 9763: 5027: 3939:. It was published in two volumes, the first in 1835, the second in 1840. English language versions: Tocqueville, 16466: 16396: 16154: 15006: 14996: 14926: 13360: 13211: 11361: 10669: 7783: 6956: 6352: 5545: 5160:, "The Present and Probably Future Condition of the Three Races that Inhabit the Territory of the United States". 4733: 4410: 4133: 3291: 2972: 1901: 1686: 595:

and social conditions of individuals as well as their relationship to the market and state in Western societies.

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Joshua Kaplan (2005). "Political Theory: The Classic Texts and their Continuing Relevance". The Modern Scholar.

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Although Tocqueville had favoured retention of distinct traditional law, administrators, schools and so on for

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Richter, Melvin (2004). "Tocqueville and Guizot on democracy: from a type of society to a political regime".

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contributed to dispute resolution, participation on the jury had salutary effects on the jurors themselves".

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society formed to his taste, he gladly leaves the greater society to look for itself". While Tocqueville saw

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from 3 June to 31 October 1849. During the troubled days of June 1849, he pleaded with Interior Minister

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was to continue the process of modernizing and centralizing the French state which had begun under King

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was published after Tocqueville's travels in the United States and is today considered an early work of

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in Algeria with two distinct legislations, one for European colonists and one for the Arab population.

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virtue. In the longer term it attacks and destroys all the others and will finally merge with egoism.

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to explain his observation of widespread homogeneity of thought even amongst intellectual elites at

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Tocqueville came from an old aristocratic Norman family. He was the great-grandson of the statesman

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Individual Choice and the Structures of History – Alexis de Tocqueville as an historian reappraised

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Revolution and the Republic: A History of Political Thought in France Since the Eighteenth Century

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and to help them sort out the confusion. Tocqueville saw democracy as an enterprise that balanced

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Une Critique républicaine de la démocratie libérale, de la démocratie en Amérique de Tocqueville

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A supporter of Cavaignac and of the Party of Order, Tocqueville accepted an invitation to enter

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was to help the people of France get a better understanding of their position between a fading

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who had come under French control, he compared the Berber tribes of Kabylia (in his second of

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Tocqueville at the 1851 "Commission de la révision de la Constitution à l'Assemblée nationale"

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Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont in America: Their Friendship and Their Travels

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Apart from North America, Tocqueville also made an observational tour of England, producing

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Muthu, Sankar (2012). "Republicanism, Liberalism, and Empire in Postrevolutionary France".

4104: 3941: 3935: 3478: 3116: 2622: 2532: 2358: 2235: 2112: 1939: 1830:, civil society was a sphere of private entrepreneurship and civilian affairs regulated by 1750: 1736: 1586: 1412: 1290: 1235: 1208: 1103: 1086: 1070: 1055: 1003: 962: 957: 916:

population, would be inescapable. Indeed, these social tensions eventually exploded in the

858:, which avoided mixing different populations together. He went as far as openly advocating 851: 799: 748: 682: 662: 654: 650: 643: 581: 500: 484: 435: 115: 16052: 16002: 15445: 13825: 12274: 12061: 11996: 7950: 7401: 3737:

Assembly as a seditious act in the face of which the government was opting for cowardice.

3513:" to describe what was happening during the colonization of Western United States and the 2801: 2193: 8: 16017: 15818: 15788: 15728: 15618: 15608: 15099: 14544: 14424: 14394: 14314: 13840: 13780: 13101: 13021: 12515: 12076: 12021: 11941: 11883: 11766: 11661: 11391: 11331: 11295: 11034: 11007: 10980: 10460: 10395: 10060: 10055: 9925: 9863: 9412: 9125: 8821: 8796: 8686: 8661: 8631: 8516: 8282: 8053: 7995: 7945: 7663: 7391: 7376: 7366: 7325: 7257: 7242: 7227: 7222: 7137: 7051: 7046: 6924: 6843: 6784: 6728: 6638: 6136:

Sanders, Luk. "The Strange Belief of Alexis de Tocqueville: Christianity as Philosophy".

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Tocqueville Unveiled: The Historian and His Sources for the Old Regime and the Revolution

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Lives, Liberties and the Public Good: New Essays in Political Theory for Maurice Cranston

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The "liberal" label is not misplaced, because Tocqueville described himself as a liberal.

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Memoir on Pauperism: Does public charity produce an idle and dependant class of society?

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The Fragility of Freedom: Tocqueville on Religion, Democracy, and the American Future

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Tocqueville, Covenant, and the Democratic Revolution: Harmonizing Earth with Heaven

5393: 5354: 5315: 5267: 4896: 4502: 4369: 4174: 4069: 3527: 3175: 2914: 2832: 2776: 2771: 2423: 2343: 2278: 2273: 1625: 1452: 1437: 1422: 1280: 1265: 1099: 706: 592: 15778: 15548: 14838: 14128: 12349: 11087: 10795: 10545: 9546: 9215: 8990: 8197: 5559: 4573: 3907:), 698 pages. Includes previously unpublished letters, essays, and other writings. 3817: 2726: 2176: 1432: 16236: 16027: 15939: 15929: 15906: 15768: 15758: 15738: 15733: 15713: 15708: 15668: 15638: 15598: 15558: 14581: 14254: 14173: 14133: 14103: 14088: 14053: 14048: 14018: 13993: 13978: 13953: 13938: 13873: 13850: 13835: 13820: 13805: 13676: 13631: 13616: 13606: 13428: 13423: 13280: 13275: 13255: 13243: 12630: 12625: 12389: 12334: 12319: 12299: 12279: 12234: 12209: 12119: 12071: 12056: 11956: 11916: 11807: 11802: 11629: 11517: 11431: 11406: 11336: 11012: 10960: 10860: 10850: 10740: 10705: 10605: 10590: 10525: 10480: 10320: 10239: 10209: 10114: 10075: 9942: 9708: 9334: 9096: 9047: 8715: 8337: 8327: 8312: 8232: 8222: 8202: 8093: 8073: 8033: 8008: 7920: 7063: 7020: 7008: 6998: 6939: 6799: 6794: 6658: 6538: 6365:. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. 6035: 6023: 5723: 5576:

Sanctions as War: Anti-Imperialist Perspectives on American Geo-Economic Strategy

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Tocqueville contrasted the settlers of Virginia with the middle class, religious

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everyone to combine forces. But such a combination is not always in evidence".

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On the Penitentiary System in the United States and Its Application to France,

3357:

to suffocate old-world ethics and social arrangements. Legislatures abolished

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Feldman, Jean-Philippe. "Alexis de Tocqueville et le fédéralisme américain".

5347:

Canadian Journal of Political Science / Revue Canadienne de Science Politique

5040: 4406: 4381: 4128: 4041: 3780: 3586: 3405: 3369: 3358: 3279: 3095: 2867: 2837: 2709: 2443: 2328: 2308: 2149: 2090: 1835: 1782: 1524: 1514: 1357: 1319: 1306: 949: 855: 803:, which appeared in 1835. Beaumont also wrote an account of their travels in 733: 611: 91: 8911: 6551: 5637: 5635: 5459: 5397: 4531:

Kahan, Alan S. (2013). "Alexis de Tocqueville". In Meadowcroft, John (ed.).

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The Secret Mirror: Literary Form and History in Tocqueville's Recollections

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Members of the National Legislative Assembly of the French Second Republic

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Revue du droit public et de la science politique en France et à l'Étranger

5855:

Tocqueville's Road Map: Methodology, Liberalism, Revolution, and Despotism

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self-defense, it can be deduced that Tocqueville would not concur with

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Uniquely positioned at a crossroads in American history, Tocqueville's

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Du système pénitentaire aux États-Unis et de son application en France

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wholly focused on slavery and its fallouts for the American nation in

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Allen, James Sloan. "Alexis de Tocqueville: Democracy in America."

5206: 3510: 3362: 3144: 2213: 1991: 1955: 1681: 1591: 1493: 1037: 999: 808: 744: 689:; and Louise Madeleine Le Peletier de Rosanbo narrowly escaped the 560: 271: 6197:. Cambridge, Eng., and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006. 6154:

Democracy in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012.

6065: 5830:

Tocqueville, Notes sur le Coran et autres textes sur les religions

4889:"Liberty, Equality, Democracy: Tocqueville's Response to Rousseau" 4412:"Tocqueville, Alexis Henri Charles Maurice Clerel, Comte de" 3662:

Such a two-tier arrangement would be fully realised with the 1870

27:

French political philosopher, politician and historian (1805–1859)

14576: 14489: 13377: 13345: 13335: 13106: 13066: 12899: 12824: 12809: 12789: 11858: 11721: 11502: 11460: 11443: 10950: 10510: 10165: 10097: 9888: 9756: 9680: 9365: 9322: 9229: 8842: 8806: 8068: 6882: 6816: 6594: 5489:, ed. Jennifer Pitts, Johns Hopkins (Baltimore), 2001, pp. 57–64. 4933:. Translated by Henry Reeve. London: Saunders and Otley. p. 4734:"Marie: ou l'Esclavage aux États-Unis; Online Library of Liberty" 3702: 3469: 3444: 2064: 1863: 1300: 1134: 1126: 702: 496: 6371:

The Tocqueville castle in the footsteps of Alexis de Tocqueville

4829: 13325: 13126: 12914: 12889: 12879: 12849: 12834: 12640: 11731: 11701: 11553: 11465: 11396: 10155: 8957: 8562: 7705: 6946: 5871:

de Gustave de Beaumont (1835). Paris: Forges de Vulcain, 2014.

4993:

See Volume One, Part I, Chapter 5, George Lawrence translation.

3623: 1656: 737: 402: 320: 230: 174: 126: 6709:

The Alexis de Tocqueville Tour: Exploring Democracy in America

6523:

The Alexis de Tocqueville Tour: Exploring Democracy in America

5952:

The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences

5481: 5479: 4079:

The Alexis de Tocqueville Tour: Exploring Democracy in America

3716:, 1837) to Rousseau's concept of the "noble savage", stating: 3614:

Tocqueville expressed himself in an 1841 essay concerning the

1006:(1851–1871), quit political life and retreated to his castle ( 661:. During his time in parliament, he was first a member of the 13355: 12844: 12779: 11741: 11736: 11716: 11524: 10202: 6720: 6143:

Schuettinger, Robert. "Tocqueville and the Bland Leviathan".

5898:

Tocqueville on America after 1840: Letters and Other Writings

5819:

Alexis de Tocqueville: Textes économiques Anthologie critique

4358:"Tocqueville, Burke, and the Origins of Liberal Conservatism" 3089: 867: 303: 5646:. Translated by Yusuf Ritter. Tikhanov Library. p. 17. 5382:"Empire and Democracy: Tocqueville and the Algeria Question" 4805:"Regularization" is a term used by Tocqueville himself, see 4005:

L'État social et politique de la France avant et depuis 1789

3609: 555:(29 July 1805 – 16 April 1859), was a French 16432:

Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy

16427:

Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy

16422:

Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy

13350: 12774: 11726: 10092: 9873: 9439: 6087:. Oxford: Clarendon Press of Oxford University Press, 1962. 5476: 4207: 3709: 3477:

In 1855, Tocqueville wrote the following text published by

725: 714: 610:

Tocqueville was active in French politics, first under the

6275:"Alexis, Charles, Henri Clérel de Tocqueville (1805–1859)" 5619: 5557: 5519: 5463: 5430: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5407: 5196: 4183: 807:(1835). During this trip, Tocqueville made a side trip to 16191: 12919: 12814: 6085:

The Social and Political Thought of Alexis De Tocqueville

4216: 4192: 3993:, Yale University Press, 1960; based on vol. V, 1 of the 3820:—and investigates the forces that caused the Revolution. 1106:

were radically transforming the fabric of American life.

805:

Jacksonian America: Marie or Slavery in the United States

4793:. Catholic University of America Press: Washington, D.C. 4430: 4428: 3684: 3413:

On enslavement, black people, and Indigenous communities

1892: 1137:

are never so refined as amongst aristocratic nations."

14683:

Claude Louis Hector de Villars, Marshal-Duke of Villars

6122:. New York: Oxford University Press, 1938. Reissued as 5929:. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1968. 5900:. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009) 560 pp. 5404: 4778:"Alexis de Tocqueville's visit to Lower Canada in 1831" 3548:

On the United States and Russia as future global powers

911:

During the Second Republic, Tocqueville sided with the

728:, where Tocqueville was a student between 1817 and 1823 6101:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1998. 3881:, translated by Yusuf Ritter (Tikhanov Library, 2023, 12496:

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

11247:

Hispanic and Latino conservatism in the United States

6094:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. 5270:(2014). Cornell Law Faculty Publications. Paper 1328. 4425: 4228: 4210: 4186: 3740: 972:. According to Tocqueville, he favored order as "the 6108:. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 5927:

Dilemmas of Democracy: Tocqueville and Modernization

5805:

Worldly Wisdom: Great Books and the Meanings of Life

5452:

Alexis de Tocqueville, "Rapports sur l'Algérie", in

5268:"Deliberative Democracy and the American Civil Jury" 4877:, Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000, pp. 282–283. 4219: 4213: 4204: 4195: 4189: 4180: 4031: 3795: 890:

elected a member of the Constituent Assembly of 1848

8364:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

5266:Hans, Valerie P.; Gastil, John; and Feller, Traci, 4840: 4838: 4720:

14 lectures; (lectures #11 & #12) – see disc 6.

4201: 4177: 3823: 932:lessons he drew from his North American experience 6214:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001. 6133:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005. 6126:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. 5990:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1962. 5424: 5059: 5057: 3391: 3335: 994:and then released, Tocqueville, who supported the 30:"Tocqueville" redirects here. For other uses, see 6259:"Alexis de Tocqueville's First Letter on Algeria" 6115:. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1995. 5965:. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2003. 5641: 1165:On civil and political society and the individual 553:Alexis Charles Henri Clérel, comte de Tocqueville 16313: 6167:The Making of Tocqueville's Democracy in America 6138:International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 5922:. Cambridge, MA: Harward University Press, 1964. 5448: 5446: 5129: 4835: 4666:Tocqueville: The Aristocratic Sources of Liberty 4526: 4524: 4304:Tocqueville: The Aristocratic Sources of Liberty 4262: 3509:) was ahead of his time in his use of the term " 3451:and analyzed the debasing influence of slavery: 14829: 6200:Williams, Roger L., "Tocqueville on Religion," 5848:The Strange Liberalism of Alexis de Tocqueville 5644:Travels in Algeria, The United Empire Loyalists 5063: 5054: 4828:, Paris, Mare et Martin, 2008, 680 p. See also 4345:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–291. 3879:Travels in Algeria, The United Empire Loyalists 781:) party which would advocate wage increases, a 14642: 5739:, ed. Jennifer Pitts (2001), pp. 57–64, 70–78. 4891:. In Feaver, George; Rosen, Frederick (eds.). 4801: 4799: 3975:. It is Tocqueville's second most famous work. 3828:Tocqueville was quoted in several chapters of 3812:. The book analyzes French society before the 3520: 3434:. Tocqueville notes among the American races: 2853:National Centre of Independents & Peasants 2493:Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism 1090:, published in 1835, Tocqueville wrote of the 935: 585:(appearing in two volumes, 1835 and 1840) and 16173:President of the Council, Minister of Justice 16139: 14815: 14628: 12735: 11362: 9201: 8578: 8389:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 8359:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 6736: 6580: 6556: 6429: 6400:2 June 1849 – 31 October 1849 5896:Craiutu, Aurelian, and Jeremy Jennings, eds. 5850:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987. 5792:"Travels in Algeria, United Empire Loyalists" 5443: 5262: 5260: 4856: 4854: 4811:, Third part, pp. 289–290 French ed. (Paris, 4717: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4521: 4107:, French diplomat and developer of Suez Canal 3299: 2543:An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races 1802: 838:, in which he criticized the French model of 13241: 11604: 11558: 11544: 10112: 9164: 9106: 9059: 9045: 9036: 9007: 6353: 6334:"Charles Alexis Henri Clérel de Tocqueville" 6183:Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. 5697: 5682: 5667: 5607: 5539: 5533: 5505: 5499: 5453: 5225: 5190: 5182: 5066:"Refuting Tocqueville by Way of Tocqueville" 4895:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 104, 113. 4806: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4611:"Liberty and democracy: It took a Frenchman" 3994: 3964: 3928: 3911: 3238: 3067: 3048: 3039: 3030: 3021: 3005: 2991: 2977: 2955: 2174: 2147: 2110: 2074: 2055: 2006: 1982: 1944: 1019: 1007: 982:Tocqueville had supported Cavaignac against 833: 823: 13177: 10650:European Conservatives and Reformists Party 6176:Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1988. 5884:Tocqueville et la Constitution democratique 5788:Travels in Algeria, United Empire Loyalists 5613: 4923: 4826:Tocqueville et la constitution democratique 4796: 4534:Major conservative and libertarian thinkers 4144:List of historians of the French Revolution 3426:to the question while his travel companion 884:After the fall of the July Monarchy in the 770:In 1842, he was elected as a member of the 634:. Tocqueville argued the importance of the 16146: 16132: 14822: 14808: 14635: 14621: 12742: 12728: 11369: 11355: 8585: 8571: 6743: 6729: 6587: 6573: 6436: 6422: 6147:, Volume 1, Number 2 (Summer 1961): 12–17. 5421:, ed. Yusuf Ritter, Tikhanov Library, 2023 5257: 5013: 5011: 4880: 4851: 3869:to describe someone with divided loyalty. 3592: 3323:s James Wood. Tocqueville worried that if 3306: 3292: 1809: 1795: 777:In 1847, he sought to found a Young Left ( 291:Alexis Charles Henri Clérel de Tocqueville 49: 14691:Honoré Armand de Villars, Duke of Villars 11144: 8394:International Federation of Liberal Youth 6443: 5974:Reading Tocqueville: From Oracle to Actor 5560:"Tocqueville et la conquête de l'Algérie" 4848:, HarperCollins Publishing, 2006, p. 148. 4830:"Le blog de arnaud.coutant.over-blog.com" 4672: 4668:. Princeton University Press. p. 84. 4306:. Princeton University Press. p. 6. 3618:in which he called for a dual program of 3610:1841 discourse on the conquest of Algeria 819:from mid-August to early September 1831. 16417:Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly 16297:Frédéric Alfred Pierre, comte de Falloux 12749: 6190:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. 6021: 5934:Alexis De Tocqueville: Democracy's Guide 5750:The Old Regime and the French Revolution 5620:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison (June 2001). 5520:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison (June 2001). 5510:, Gallimard, Pléïade, 1991, pp. 704–705. 5464:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison (June 2001). 5431:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison (June 2001). 4862:Alexis De Tocqueville: Democracy's Guide 4846:Alexis De Tocqueville: Democracy's Guide 4459: 4405: 4401: 4399: 4336: 4334: 4318: 4316: 4277: 3688: 3559: 3374: 1059: 939: 719: 187:25 April 1848 – 3 December 1851 14325:Reflections on the Revolution in France 8374:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 6234:Works by or about Alexis de Tocqueville 5997:. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1989. 5979:Hein, David. "Christianity and Honor." 5915:. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 2010. 5817:Benoît, Jean-Louis, and Eric Keslassy. 5807:. Savannah, GA: Frederic C. Beil, 2008. 5702:, III, 1, Gallimard, 1962, pp. 299–306. 5672:, III, 1, Gallimard, 1962, pp. 299–300. 5301: 5017: 5008: 4492: 4486: 4297: 4295: 4094:Liberty of the Ancients and the Moderns 3835:How to Lose Friends and Alienate People 3729:'s resistance, he had advocated in the 3483:Liberty Bell: Testimony against Slavery 1846:functioning according to political and 1047: 828:. In 1841 and 1846, he traveled to the 622:. He retired from political life after 139:27 August 1849 – 29 April 1852 14: 16314: 6195:The Cambridge Companion to Tocqueville 6152:The Chicago Companion to Tocqueville's 6092:Tocqueville: A Very Short Introduction 5832:. Paris : Bayard, 2005. See also 5227:Correspondence avec Arthur de Gobineau 4886: 4594: 4566:"Le lycée Fabert: 1000 ans d'histoire" 4434: 4355: 4284:. Gould, Kendall and Lincoln. p. 3953:, ed.) (The Library of America, 2004) 3404:Tocqueville blamed the omnipotence of 2968:(formerly known as: Club de l'Horloge) 1727:Political positions of Emmanuel Macron 1113:Joshua Kaplan, one purpose of writing 701:, Tocqueville's father became a noble 81:2 June 1849 – 30 October 1849 16127: 14803: 14616: 12723: 11376: 11350: 8566: 6724: 6568: 6555: 6417: 5572: 5379: 5107:. Xroads.virginia.edu. Archived from 4759:"Marie ou l'Esclavage aux États-Unis" 4663: 4648: 4530: 4396: 4340: 4331: 4322: 4313: 4301: 4239: 3747:European colonization of the Americas 3685:Opposition to the invasion of Kabylia 3248:Social thinking of Arthur de Gobineau 1893:On democracy and new forms of tyranny 657:and was skeptical of the extremes of 243:7 March 1839 – 23 April 1848 6355:Les classiques des sciences sociales 6024:"Tocqueville, Alexis de (1805–1859)" 5857:. Lnahma, MD: Lexington Books, 2006. 5800:. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2005. 5765:. Petercareybooks.com. 28 April 2012 5458:, Paris, Gallimard, Bibliothèque de 5340: 4971:. Notable-quotes.com. Archived from 4791:Journey in Ireland, July–August 1835 4292: 3505:argues that Tocqueville (along with 16407:Historians of the French Revolution 14707:Jean-Gérard Lacuée, count of Cessac 14435:The End of History and the Last Man 14345:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 8414:Liberal South East European Network 6310:"Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859)" 6120:Tocqueville and Beaumont in America 5976:. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 2007. 5869:Marie ou l'esclavage aux Etats-Unis 5814:. Paris: Armand Colin/Cursus, 2004. 5716:"Arguments in favor of Tocqueville" 5558:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison (2001). 5187:, Gallimard, T. VII, pp. 1663–1664. 4507:10.1016/j.histeuroideas.2003.08.006 4468:. Oxford University Press. p. 4343:Empire and Modern Political Thought 3705:in an 1847 speech to the Assembly. 3576: 3008:Union Nationale Inter-universitaire 1565:Union of Democrats and Independents 24: 14731:Albert de Broglie, Duke of Broglie 6668:Scholars, editors, and translators 6032:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 5913:Tocqueville's Discovery of America 5780: 5687:, III, 1, Gallimard, 1962, p. 303. 4613:. The Economist. 23 November 2006. 4327:. A&C Black. pp. 112–122. 3758:and the powerful political leader 1032:A longtime sufferer from bouts of 25: 16493: 16437:Members of the Académie Française 8404:Liberal Network for Latin America 6702:The Old Regime and the Revolution 6468:The Old Regime and the Revolution 6218: 6202:Journal of the Historical Society 5821:. Paris: Pocket/Agora, 2005. See 5302:Richter, Melvin (16 March 1963). 5172:, Vintage Books, 1945, pp. 31–32. 5105:"Tocqueville: Book II Chapter 18" 4435:Hansen, Paul R. (February 2009). 4085:Alexis de Tocqueville Institution 3972:The Old Regime and the Revolution 3810:The Old Regime and the Revolution 3804:The Old Regime and the Revolution 3797:The Old Regime and the Revolution 2890:French Agrarian and Peasant Party 632:The Old Regime and the Revolution 591:(1856). In both, he analyzed the 588:The Old Regime and the Revolution 579:. He is best known for his works 443:The Old Regime and the Revolution 16342:19th-century French philosophers 16337:19th-century French male writers 16190: 16184: 16157:(2 June 1849 to 31 October 1849) 14405:The Open Society and Its Enemies 12566:The Closing of the American Mind 12486:Civilization and Its Discontents 12466:A Vindication of Natural Society 8592: 6250: 5983:, 18 August 2013, pp. 8–10. 5752:. New York: Anchor Books (1955). 5532:(quoting Alexis de Tocqueville, 5341:Kohn, Margaret (16 March 2024). 5279:Tocqueville, Alexis de ( 1961). 5064:Daniel Schwindt (January 2014). 4437:Contesting the French Revolution 4278:Véricour, Louis Raymond (1848). 4263:Boucaud-Victoire, Kévin (2017). 4173: 4062: 4048: 4034: 3966:L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution 3824:References in popular literature 3273: 3261: 1918: 1776: 1764: 1192: 1021:L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution 832:. His first travel inspired his 618:(1849–1851) which succeeded the 614:(1830–1848) and then during the 412: 123:President of the General Council 16412:Historians of the United States 16372:French male non-fiction writers 16347:Knights of the Legion of Honour 16155:Second cabinet of Odilon Barrot 13212:Family as a model for the state 10670:International Monarchist League 6181:Tocqueville's Political Economy 5943:, n° 4 (20 June 2006): 879–901. 5763:"Parrot and Olivier in America" 5755: 5742: 5729: 5705: 5690: 5675: 5660: 5601: 5579:. Haymarket Books. p. 52. 5566: 5551: 5513: 5492: 5386:Journal of Political Philosophy 5373: 5334: 5295: 5273: 5244: 5218: 5175: 5163: 5150: 5123: 5097: 5080: 4996: 4987: 4961: 4949: 4917: 4867: 4818: 4783: 4771: 4751: 4725: 4657: 4642: 4617: 4603: 4588: 4558: 4453: 4134:Contributions to liberal theory 4020:Journeys to England and Ireland 3808:In 1856, Tocqueville published 3392:On majority rule and mediocrity 3336:On the American social contract 2973:Initiative and Liberty Movement 866:between European colonists and 368: 16457:French philosophers of history 16452:French philosophers of culture 16367:19th-century French historians 14723:Jean Baptiste Henri Lacordaire 14562:Separation of church and state 14460:Collectivism and individualism 14415:The Origins of Totalitarianism 6989:Separation of church and state 6750: 6243:Works by Alexis de Tocqueville 6225:Works by Alexis de Tocqueville 6212:Tocqueville Between Two Worlds 5988:Tocqueville and the Old Regime 5936:. New York: Atlas Books, 2006. 5737:Writings on Empire and Slavery 5487:Writings on Empire and Slavery 4789:Alexis de Tocqueville (1990). 4599:. Macmillan. pp. 386–387. 4439:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 3. 4349: 4271: 4256: 4166: 3530:was another part of America's 1577:Democratic Republican Alliance 772:American Philosophical Society 732:Tocqueville, who despised the 695:fall of Maximilien Robespierre 13: 1: 16382:French political philosophers 14699:"Cardinal Loménie de Brienne" 14602:Category:Political philosophy 14475:Critique of political economy 12456:Oration on the Dignity of Man 6531:Parrot and Olivier in America 6359:Works in the original French. 5954:. Vol. 4 (5) 2009: 197-212. ( 5028:Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte 4653:. A&C Black. p. 101. 4250: 3849:Parrot and Olivier in America 3565:system. In his 1835 treatise 3541:The Inequality of Human Races 1824:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1075: 1064:A page from original working 630:and thereafter began work on 14500:Institutional discrimination 14495:History of political thought 13227:Negative and positive rights 12526:The Society of the Spectacle 10665:International Democrat Union 6363:Yale Tocqueville Manuscripts 6018:. New York: Continuum, 2010. 3949:(Arthur Goldhammer, trans.; 3930:De la démocratie en Amérique 2935:Union for a Popular Movement 2583:The Future of Intelligentsia 1314:Liberté, égalité, fraternité 988:10th arrondissement of Paris 800:De la démocratie en Amérique 32:Tocqueville (disambiguation) 7: 16387:French political scientists 14831:Foreign Ministers of France 14675:Jean François de Chamillart 14510:Justification for the state 14295:Two Treatises of Government 10680:Tradition, Family, Property 6396:Minister of Foreign Affairs 6316:(in French). Archived from 6249:(public domain audiobooks) 5834:"Relectures de Tocqueville" 5210:(in French). Archived from 5202:"Le négationnisme colonial" 5156:Beginning of chapter 18 of 4901:10.1007/978-1-349-08006-9_6 4572:(in French). Archived from 4537:. Vol. 7. Bloomsbury. 4027: 3855:Tocqueville and his memoir 3521:On policies of assimilation 3503:Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison 3432:Marie or Slavery in America 954:Minister of Foreign Affairs 936:Minister of Foreign Affairs 709:. Tocqueville attended the 69:Minister of Foreign Affairs 10: 16498: 16477:University of Paris alumni 16447:Party of Order politicians 16357:French liberal politicians 16292:Public Education and Cults 16273:Joseph Marcellin Rulhières 13180:Bellum omnium contra omnes 11052:Traditionalist Catholicism 6099:Tocqueville and the French 6048:10.4135/9781412965811.n310 5867:Cossu-Beaumont, Laurence. 5790:. Tikhanov Library, 2023. 5546:Bibliothèque de la Pléiade 5462:, 1991, p. 806, quoted in 5198:Olivier LeCour Grandmaison 4111:Prix Alexis de Tocqueville 3801: 3638:Applauding the methods of 3583:French conquest of Algeria 2873:VIA, the Way of the People 2613:The Tears of the White Man 2503:The Genius of Christianity 1636:Union for French Democracy 1276:Civil and political rights 1053: 788: 29: 16291: 16279: 16267: 16255: 16243: 16231: 16219: 16207: 16182: 16172: 16162: 15978: 15920: 15895: 15857: 15499: 15421: 15343: 15250: 15177: 15154: 15131: 15098: 15045: 14837: 14653: 14597: 14447: 14216: 13864: 13597: 13477: 13396: 13308: 13299: 13165: 12999: 12928: 12757: 12704: 12608: 12596:Intellectuals and Society 12546:The Culture of Narcissism 12437: 12105: 11897: 11846: 11775: 11689: 11682: 11622: 11384: 11328: 11137: 11077: 10998: 10688: 10640: 10633: 10298: 10031: 10024: 9985: 9899: 9842: 9833: 9732: 9707: 9655: 9615: 9606: 9465: 9386: 9308: 9249: 9214: 9197:Italian school of elitism 9177: 9082: 8998: 8989: 8925: 8897: 8874: 8832: 8782: 8754: 8714: 8705: 8609: 8600: 8549: 8534:Sexually liberal feminism 8441:Bias in American academia 8421: 8379:European Democratic Party 8347: 8129: 7851: 7819: 7771: 7684: 7435: 7359: 7318: 7309: 7216:Constitutional patriotism 7203: 7151: 7118: 7038: 7031: 6760: 6693: 6667: 6629: 6608: 6562: 6557:Links to related articles 6514: 6478: 6451: 6402: 6393: 6385: 6380: 5562:(in French). La Mazarine. 5359:10.1017/S0008423908080402 5320:10.1017/S0034670500006112 5130:Alain de Benoist (2011). 4495:History of European Ideas 4460:Jennings, Jeremy (2011). 4374:10.1017/S003467050002742X 2994:Nouvelle Action Royaliste 1732:Rally of Republican Lefts 1555:Radical Party of the Left 1530:Democratic European Force 902:President of the Republic 896:(1848–1851). He defended 886:French Revolution of 1848 546: 542: 538: 510: 490: 474: 464: 454: 450: 428: 420: 408: 390: 378: 355: 337: 327: 310: 286: 281: 277: 267: 263:Gabriel-Joseph Laumondais 257: 247: 236: 223: 213: 203: 191: 180: 167: 155: 143: 132: 121: 109: 97: 85: 74: 67: 63: 48: 41: 16392:French political writers 16202:President of the Council 16164:Under the Presidency of 15544:Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire 14385:The Revolt of the Masses 12586:The Malaise of Modernity 12536:The History of Sexuality 11635:Catholic social teaching 11217:Catholic social teaching 6871:Labor theory of property 6145:New Individualist Review 6022:Kuznicki, Jason (2008). 5722:16 February 2006 at the 5380:Pitts, Jennifer (2000). 5304:"Tocqueville on Algeria" 5238:16 February 2006 at the 5133:The Problem of Democracy 5088:"Tocqueville In America" 4887:Lakoff, Sanford (1987). 4873:Tocqueville, Alexis de. 4597:Tocqueville: A Biography 4356:Lakoff, Sanford (1998). 4281:Modern French Literature 4241:[alɛksidətɔkvil] 4159: 3872: 3741:1847 "Report on Algeria" 3538:'s theories as found in 3070:Service d'Action Civique 2483:Considerations on France 2046:Catholic social teaching 1900:This article is part of 1545:Liberal Democratic Party 1172:This article is part of 1027: 984:Louis Napoléon Bonaparte 900:and the election of the 854:instead adopt a form of 830:French colony of Algeria 655:parliamentary government 624:Louis Napoléon Bonaparte 620:February 1848 Revolution 253:Jules Polydore Le Marois 16285:Victor Destutt de Tracy 14365:The Communist Manifesto 13291:Tyranny of the majority 13202:Consent of the governed 12666:Philosophy of education 11167:Conservative liberalism 10655:European People's Party 8369:Arab Liberal Federation 7253:Neoclassical liberalism 6770:Consent of the governed 6486:American exceptionalism 6389:Édouard Drouyn de Lhuys 6295:"Alexis de Tocqueville" 5920:Tocqueville and England 5893:. Mare et Martin, 2007. 5886:. Mare et Martin, 2008. 5748:Alexis de Tocqueville. 5642:Alexis de Tocqueville. 5485:Alexis De Tocqueville, 5417:Alexis de Tocqueville, 5398:10.1111/1467-9760.00104 5250:Alexis de Tocqueville, 5035:. Felix Meiner Verlag. 5018:Zaleski, Pawel (2008). 5003:q:Alexis de Tocqueville 4649:Kahan, Alan S. (2010). 4418:Encyclopædia Britannica 4323:Kahan, Alan S. (2010). 4154:Tyranny of the majority 4007:– Alexis de Tocqueville 3866:Too Like the Lightening 3593:1837 letters on Algeria 3379:A sketch of Tocqueville 3268:Conservatism portal 3058:Independent Republicans 2905:Independent Republicans 2603:Violence and the Sacred 2523:St Petersburg Dialogues 1876:tyranny of the majority 1621:Progressive Republicans 1286:Equality before the law 1002:against Napoleon III's 761:colonisation of Algeria 672: 459:19th-century philosophy 104:Édouard Drouyn de Lhuys 16467:Politicians from Paris 16397:French Roman Catholics 13242: 13192:Clash of civilizations 13178: 11605: 11559: 11545: 10660:Identity and Democracy 10113: 9202: 9165: 9107: 9060: 9046: 9037: 9008: 8384:European Liberal Youth 8354:Africa Liberal Network 6790:Economic globalization 6354: 6204:, 8:4 (2008): 585–600. 6124:Tocqueville in America 5948:Narrative of Captivity 5812:Comprendre Tocqueville 5698: 5683: 5668: 5614: 5608: 5573:Davis, Stuart (2023). 5540: 5534: 5506: 5500: 5454: 5308:The Review of Politics 5288:9 January 2007 at the 5226: 5183: 5136:. Arktos. p. 20. 4925:Tocqueville, Alexis de 4807: 4664:Jaume, Lucien (2013). 4595:Jardin, Andre (1989). 4362:The Review of Politics 4302:Jaume, Lucien (2013). 3995: 3965: 3929: 3912: 3723: 3714:Two Letters on Algeria 3697: 3682: 3660: 3645:Tocqueville advocated 3636: 3603: 3496: 3475: 3458: 3441: 3380: 3239: 3068: 3049: 3040: 3031: 3022: 3006: 2992: 2978: 2965:Carrefour de l'Horloge 2956: 2920:Rally for the Republic 2848:Future with Confidence 2175: 2148: 2111: 2075: 2056: 2007: 1983: 1945: 1911:Conservatism in France 1890: 1667:Courrier International 1081: 1020: 1010:Château de Tocqueville 1008: 945: 850:, advocating that the 834: 824: 729: 16482:Natural law ethicists 16352:Economic sociologists 16322:Alexis de Tocqueville 16225:Alexis de Tocqueville 14763:André François-Poncet 14715:Alexis de Tocqueville 13207:Divine right of kings 12671:Philosophy of history 12661:Philosophy of culture 12556:A Conflict of Visions 11320:Small-c conservatives 11232:Counter-revolutionary 11222:Conservative feminism 11114:Counter-Enlightenment 11069:Traditionalist School 8431:Anti-authoritarianism 8399:Liberal International 6685:George Wilson Pierson 6602:Alexis de Tocqueville 6445:Alexis de Tocqueville 6338:Encyclopédie Larousse 6140:, 74:1 (2013): 33–53. 6090:Mansfield, Harvey C. 6034:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 6016:Alexis de Tocqueville 5862:Alexis De Tocqueville 5626:Le Monde diplomatique 5609:Travail sur l'Algérie 5548:, 1991, pp. 704–705). 5535:Travail sur l'Algérie 5527:Le Monde diplomatique 5501:Travail sur l'Algérie 5470:Le Monde diplomatique 5437:Le Monde diplomatique 5292:. New York: Schocken. 4757:Gustave de Beaumont. 4731:Gustave de Beaumont. 4651:Alexis de Tocqueville 4325:Alexis de Tocqueville 4265:La guerre des gauches 4118:, a social phenomenon 3718: 3692: 3677: 3655: 3627: 3599: 3560:On civil jury service 3487: 3466: 3453: 3436: 3378: 3229:Immigrant criminality 3209:Clerical philosophers 2925:Republican Federation 2593:The Reign of Quantity 2284:Blanc de Saint-Bonnet 2199:Thermidorian Reaction 2157:Traditional authority 1961:Political Catholicism 1885: 1771:Liberalism portal 1063: 943: 835:Travail sur l'Algérie 759:while supporting the 724:The Fabert School in 723: 665:before moving to the 573:political philosopher 517:Voluntary association 43:Alexis de Tocqueville 16261:Théobald de Lacrosse 16213:Jules Armand Dufaure 14667:François Charpentier 14355:Democracy in America 13734:political philosophy 13717:political philosophy 13532:political philosophy 13361:political philosophy 13271:Separation of powers 13232:Night-watchman state 13217:Monopoly on violence 12751:Political philosophy 12676:Political philosophy 12476:Democracy in America 11190:Anti-gender movement 11094:Bourbon Restauration 9347:National Catholicism 9062:Révolution nationale 9027:Integral nationalism 7263:Right-libertarianism 7133:Liberal conservatism 6994:Separation of powers 6597:Democracy in America 6460:Democracy in America 6406:Alphonse de Rayneval 6165:Schleifer, James T. 6150:Schleifer, James T. 6097:Mélonio, Françoise. 6042:. pp. 507–509. 5828:Benoît, Jean-Louis. 5810:Benoît, Jean-Louis. 5544:, Paris, Gallimard, 5282:Democracy in America 5252:Democracy in America 5214:on 28 February 2006. 5170:Democracy in America 5158:Democracy in America 4930:Democracy in America 4875:Democracy in America 4629:search.amphilsoc.org 4625:"APS Member History" 4105:Ferdinand de Lesseps 3947:Democracy in America 3942:Democracy in America 3936:Democracy in America 3792:and discrimination. 3567:Democracy in America 3554:Democracy in America 3498:French historian of 3479:Maria Weston Chapman 3462:Democracy in America 3424:Democracy in America 3419:Democracy in America 3219:French–German enmity 2623:The Tyranny of Guilt 2533:Democracy in America 2236:Second French Empire 1985:Révolution nationale 1751:Together (coalition) 1615:Moderate Republicans 1609:Moderate Republicans 1587:Independent Radicals 1291:Freedom of the press 1184:Liberalism in France 1115:Democracy in America 1104:Jacksonian democracy 1087:Democracy in America 1071:Democracy in America 1056:Democracy in America 1049:Democracy in America 970:Democracy in America 963:freedom of the press 958:Jules Armand Dufaure 874:based on religion). 872:1881 Indigenous code 683:Constitutional Guard 628:2 December 1851 coup 597:Democracy in America 582:Democracy in America 501:political philosophy 485:Liberal conservatism 436:Democracy in America 116:Alphonse de Rayneval 16462:Philosophers of law 16402:French sociologists 14545:Right-wing politics 14425:A Theory of Justice 14395:The Road to Serfdom 14315:The Social Contract 13022:Christian democracy 12516:One-Dimensional Man 11332:Conservatism portal 11296:Right-wing politics 11035:Jewish conservatism 11008:Christian democracy 10255:Social institutions 10061:Collective identity 10056:Class collaboration 9864:Clerico-nationalism 9413:Muscular liberalism 8746:Neoauthoritarianism 7258:Paleolibertarianism 7243:Left-libertarianism 6952:Civil and political 6925:Popular sovereignty 6785:Economic liberalism 6639:Gustave de Beaumont 6320:on 13 December 2010 6279:Assemblée nationale 5961:Gannett, Robert T. 5925:Drescher, Seymour. 5823:"Jean-Louis Benoit" 5714:Jean-Louis Benoît. 5200:(2 February 2005). 4765:21 May 2015 at the 4738:oll.libertyfund.org 4267:. Editions du Cerf. 4099:Gustave de Beaumont 3923:Gustave de Beaumont 3767:Strait of Gibraltar 3693:1849 caricature by 3668:Indigenousness Code 3616:conquest of Algeria 3428:Gustave de Beaumont 3124:La Nation française 2900:Movement for France 2895:French Social Party 2715:Political positions 2705:Le Pen (Jean-Marie) 2334:Fustel de Coulanges 2226:Bourbon Restoration 2221:Second White Terror 1966:Christian democracy 1859:political scientist 1540:Liberal Alternative 1535:Democratic Movement 1343:February Revolution 1111:political scientist 825:Memoir on Pauperism 795:Gustave de Beaumont 699:Bourbon Restoration 697:in 1794. Under the 569:political scientist 385:University of Paris 332:Tocqueville, Manche 226:Chamber of Deputies 198:Léonor-Joseph Havin 150:Léonor-Joseph Havin 57:Théodore Chassériau 16472:Writers from Paris 15491:La Tour d'Auvergne 15179:Second Restoration 14787:Mario Vargas Llosa 14644:Académie française 14557:Political violence 14552:Political theology 14535:Left-wing politics 14530:Political spectrum 12636:Cultural pessimism 12631:Cultural criticism 11530:National character 11252:LGBTQ conservatism 11205:Black conservatism 11119:German Romanticism 11109:Conservative Order 11099:Congress of Vienna 10675:Muslim Brotherhood 10521:Corrêa de Oliveira 10220:Organized religion 10149:Complementarianism 9236:National Democracy 7410:Centrist reformist 6920:Permissive society 6900:Limited government 6644:Francis J. Lippitt 6630:Associated persons 6506:Tocqueville effect 6381:Political offices 6314:Académie française 6179:Swedberg, Richard 6111:Mitchell, Joshua. 6104:Mitchell, Harvey. 5918:Drescher Seymour. 5618:p. 752. Quoted in 5498:1841 – Extract of 5419:Travels in Algeria 5050:on 9 October 2018. 4116:Tocqueville effect 3987:Journey to America 3846:in his 2009 novel 3840:Harvard University 3698: 3672:French citizenship 3647:racial segregation 3536:Arthur de Gobineau 3381: 3214:European New Right 3138:Le Figaro Magazine 3103:Famille chrétienne 2980:La Manif pour tous 2633:The French Suicide 2259:Barbey d'Aurevilly 2209:Companions of Jehu 2204:First White Terror 2051:Counter-revolution 1935:French nationalism 1722:Centrism in France 1119:aristocratic order 1082: 946: 918:June Days Uprising 906:universal suffrage 888:, Tocqueville was 860:racial segregation 730: 649:Tocqueville was a 533:Tocqueville effect 469:Western philosophy 218:Sainte-Mère-Église 209:Hervé de Kergorlay 16309: 16308: 16303: 16302: 16280:Navy and Colonies 16249:Victor Lanjuinais 16121: 16120: 15988:Couve de Murville 15970:Couve de Murville 15227:Montmorency-Laval 15133:First Restoration 14797: 14796: 14739:Melchior de Vogüé 14610: 14609: 14520:Philosophy of law 14465:Conflict theories 14305:The Spirit of Law 14212: 14211: 13261:Original position 12717: 12716: 12433: 12432: 11578:Spontaneous order 11568:Social alienation 11417:Cultural heritage 11378:Social philosophy 11344: 11343: 11227:Conservative wave 11180: 11179: 11104:Concert of Europe 11040:Religious Zionism 10994: 10993: 10629: 10628: 10066:Cultural heritage 10039:Ancestral worship 10020: 10019: 9981: 9980: 9829: 9828: 9647:Orthodox Peronism 9602: 9601: 9102:Historical School 8985: 8984: 8560: 8559: 8553:Liberalism Portal 8446:Bias in the media 7847: 7846: 7686:Latin America and 7305: 7304: 7248:Geolibertarianism 7178:Liberal socialism 7084:Civic nationalism 6957:Natural and legal 6718: 6717: 6549: 6548: 6412: 6411: 6403:Succeeded by 6229:Project Gutenberg 6160:978-0-226-73703-4 6129:Pitts, Jennifer. 6118:Pierson, George. 6057:978-1-4129-6580-4 5981:The Living Church 5968:Geenens, Raf and 5932:Epstein, Joseph. 5906:978-0-521-85955-4 5889:Coutant, Arnaud. 5882:Coutant, Arnaud. 5877:978-2-919176-52-6 5684:Oeuvres completes 5669:Oeuvres completes 5653:978-1-7776460-9-7 5586:978-1-64259-812-4 5232:Jean-Louis Benoît 5184:Oeuvres completes 5068:. Ethika Politika 4910:978-1-349-08006-9 4479:978-0-19-820313-1 4446:978-1-4051-6084-1 4090:Benjamin Constant 4056:Liberalism portal 3859:are mentioned in 3814:French Revolution 3670:, which extended 3651:consociationalism 3468:If the colony of 3316: 3315: 3280:France portal 3224:French Revolution 3183:Valeurs actuelles 2690:de La Tour du Pin 2563:What Is a Nation? 2194:War in the Vendée 1840:political society 1834:. As a critic of 1819: 1818: 1783:France portal 1520:Centrist Alliance 1353:French Revolution 1348:French Resistance 1296:Freedom of speech 1271:Civic nationalism 1100:Western expansion 1096:Market Revolution 952:'s government as 925:General Cavaignac 864:consociationalism 852:French government 842:which emphasized 755:views and upheld 747:). He sat on the 651:classical liberal 636:French Revolution 605:political science 550: 549: 423:Philosophy career 170:National Assembly 162:Urbain Le Verrier 55:1850 portrait by 16:(Redirected from 16489: 16377:Counts of France 16362:French diplomats 16220:Foreign Affairs: 16194: 16188: 16148: 16141: 16134: 16125: 16124: 15569:Challemel-Lacour 15471:La Tour Auvergne 14824: 14817: 14810: 14801: 14800: 14790: 14782: 14774: 14766: 14758: 14750: 14742: 14734: 14726: 14718: 14710: 14702: 14694: 14686: 14678: 14670: 14662: 14637: 14630: 14623: 14614: 14613: 14525:Political ethics 14515:Machiavellianism 14455:Authoritarianism 14440: 14430: 14420: 14410: 14400: 14390: 14380: 14370: 14360: 14350: 14340: 14330: 14320: 14310: 14300: 14290: 14280: 14270: 14260: 14250: 14240: 14230: 13306: 13305: 13247: 13183: 13173:Balance of power 13147:Social democracy 13142:Social Darwinism 13117:Multiculturalism 13062:Environmentalism 13037:Communitarianism 12744: 12737: 12730: 12721: 12720: 12681:Social criticism 12601: 12591: 12581: 12571: 12561: 12551: 12541: 12531: 12521: 12511: 12501: 12491: 12481: 12471: 12461: 12451: 11687: 11686: 11669:Frankfurt School 11647:Communitarianism 11610: 11564: 11550: 11371: 11364: 11357: 11348: 11347: 11301:Authoritarianism 11162:Communitarianism 11157:Clerical fascism 11142: 11141: 11018:Theoconservatism 10638: 10637: 10441:Kuehnelt-Leddihn 10250:Social hierarchy 10235:Private property 10118: 10029: 10028: 9840: 9839: 9623:Federal Peronism 9613: 9612: 9297:Pochvennichestvo 9274:Black-hundredism 9207: 9192:Historical Right 9170: 9112: 9065: 9051: 9042: 9013: 9010:Action Française 8996: 8995: 8712: 8711: 8607: 8606: 8587: 8580: 8573: 8564: 8563: 8475:Economic freedom 8468:Radical centrism 7316: 7315: 7270:Radical centrism 7183:Social democracy 7166:Liberal feminism 7036: 7035: 6984:Secular humanism 6910:Natural monopoly 6861:Internationalism 6755: 6745: 6738: 6731: 6722: 6721: 6680:Harvey Mansfield 6632:(contemporaries) 6589: 6582: 6575: 6566: 6565: 6553: 6552: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6415: 6414: 6386:Preceded by 6378: 6377: 6374: 6373: 6357: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6329: 6327: 6325: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6270: 6268: 6266: 6254: 6253: 6238:Internet Archive 6131:A Turn to Empire 6077: 5970:Annelien De Dijn 5853:Boesche, Roger. 5796:Allen, Barbara. 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5759: 5753: 5746: 5740: 5735:De Tocqueville. 5733: 5727: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5701: 5699:Œuvres complètes 5694: 5688: 5686: 5679: 5673: 5671: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5639: 5630: 5629: 5617: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5598: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5555: 5549: 5543: 5541:Œuvres complètes 5537: 5531: 5517: 5511: 5509: 5507:Œuvres complètes 5503: 5496: 5490: 5483: 5474: 5473: 5457: 5455:Œuvres complètes 5450: 5441: 5440: 5428: 5422: 5415: 5402: 5401: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5299: 5293: 5277: 5271: 5264: 5255: 5248: 5242: 5229: 5222: 5216: 5215: 5194: 5188: 5186: 5179: 5173: 5167: 5161: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5101: 5095: 5084: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5061: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5043:. Archived from 5024: 5015: 5006: 5000: 4994: 4991: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4975:on 19 April 2012 4969:"Slavery Quotes" 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4884: 4878: 4871: 4865: 4858: 4849: 4844:Joseph Epstein, 4842: 4833: 4824:Coutant Arnaud, 4822: 4816: 4810: 4803: 4794: 4787: 4781: 4775: 4769: 4755: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4729: 4723: 4722: 4715: 4670: 4669: 4661: 4655: 4654: 4646: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4635: 4621: 4615: 4614: 4607: 4601: 4600: 4592: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4528: 4519: 4518: 4490: 4484: 4483: 4467: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4432: 4423: 4422: 4414: 4403: 4394: 4393: 4353: 4347: 4346: 4338: 4329: 4328: 4320: 4311: 4310: 4299: 4290: 4289: 4275: 4269: 4268: 4260: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4231: 4226: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4206: 4203: 4198: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4170: 4072: 4070:Biography portal 4067: 4066: 4065: 4058: 4053: 4052: 4044: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4000: 3997:Œuvres Complètes 3968: 3932: 3915: 3577:Views on Algeria 3308: 3301: 3294: 3278: 3277: 3276: 3266: 3265: 3264: 3244: 3176:Radio Courtoisie 3157: 3073: 3054: 3045: 3036: 3027: 3011: 2997: 2983: 2969: 2961: 2958:Action Française 2930:Resistance Party 2915:Rally for France 2843:The Nationalists 2833:Debout la France 2680:de Chateaubriand 2648: 2638: 2628: 2618: 2608: 2598: 2588: 2578: 2568: 2558: 2553:The Ancient City 2548: 2538: 2528: 2518: 2508: 2498: 2488: 2314:de Chateaubriand 2180: 2153: 2138:Social hierarchy 2116: 2080: 2061: 2012: 1988: 1950: 1922: 1912: 1897: 1896: 1811: 1804: 1797: 1781: 1780: 1779: 1769: 1768: 1631:Republican Union 1626:Radical Movement 1453:Louis Philippe I 1281:Economic freedom 1266:Anti-clericalism 1196: 1185: 1169: 1168: 1158:inheritance laws 1123:democratic order 1121:and an emerging 1080: 1077: 1023: 1013: 837: 827: 593:living standards 431: 416: 372: 370: 317: 300: 298: 282:Personal details 260: 250: 241: 206: 194: 185: 158: 146: 137: 112: 100: 88: 79: 53: 39: 38: 21: 16497: 16496: 16492: 16491: 16490: 16488: 16487: 16486: 16312: 16311: 16310: 16305: 16304: 16299: 16287: 16275: 16263: 16251: 16239: 16237:Hippolyte Passy 16227: 16215: 16203: 16201: 16195: 16189: 16180: 16168: 16158: 16152: 16122: 16117: 16023:François-Poncet 15974: 15922:Fourth Republic 15916: 15898: 15891: 15853: 15495: 15451:Drouyn de Lhuys 15431:Drouyn de Lhuys 15417: 15413:Drouyn de Lhuys 15393:Drouyn de Lhuys 15373:Drouyn de Lhuys 15345:Second Republic 15339: 15246: 15192:A. E. Richelieu 15173: 15150: 15127: 15094: 15041: 14857:A. J. Richelieu 14833: 14828: 14798: 14793: 14785: 14777: 14769: 14761: 14755:Philippe Pétain 14753: 14745: 14737: 14729: 14721: 14713: 14705: 14697: 14689: 14681: 14673: 14665: 14657: 14649: 14641: 14611: 14606: 14593: 14582:Totalitarianism 14443: 14438: 14428: 14418: 14408: 14398: 14388: 14378: 14368: 14358: 14348: 14338: 14328: 14318: 14308: 14298: 14288: 14278: 14268: 14258: 14255:Treatise on Law 14248: 14238: 14228: 14208: 13866: 13860: 13599: 13593: 13479: 13473: 13392: 13295: 13281:State of nature 13276:Social contract 13256:Ordered liberty 13244:Noblesse oblige 13161: 12995: 12924: 12753: 12748: 12718: 12713: 12700: 12626:Critical theory 12604: 12599: 12589: 12579: 12569: 12559: 12549: 12539: 12529: 12519: 12509: 12499: 12489: 12479: 12469: 12459: 12449: 12429: 12107: 12101: 11899: 11893: 11842: 11771: 11678: 11630:Budapest School 11618: 11407:Cosmopolitanism 11380: 11375: 11345: 11340: 11337:Politics portal 11324: 11176: 11133: 11079: 11073: 11013:Christian right 10990: 10916:Prat de la Riba 10684: 10625: 10294: 10240:Public morality 10210:Ordered liberty 10115:Noblesse oblige 10076:Culture of life 10071:Cultural values 10016: 9977: 9902: 9895: 9825: 9728: 9703: 9651: 9598: 9461: 9389: 9382: 9335:Carlo-francoism 9304: 9245: 9210: 9173: 9160:State Socialism 9078: 9048:Nouvelle Droite 8981: 8921: 8893: 8870: 8828: 8778: 8750: 8701: 8602: 8596: 8591: 8561: 8556: 8545: 8544: 8543: 8417: 8409:Liberal parties 8343: 8342: 8341: 8125: 8124: 8123: 7843: 7815: 7767: 7687: 7680: 7431: 7355: 7301: 7199: 7147: 7114: 7064:Equity feminism 7027: 7026: 7025: 7021:State of nature 7009:Social services 6999:Social contract 6962:To own property 6756: 6751: 6749: 6719: 6714: 6689: 6663: 6659:John C. Spencer 6631: 6625: 6604: 6593: 6558: 6550: 6545: 6510: 6474: 6447: 6442: 6408: 6399: 6391: 6369: 6368: 6343: 6341: 6332: 6323: 6321: 6308: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6284: 6282: 6273: 6264: 6262: 6257: 6251: 6221: 6193:Welch, Cheryl. 6186:Welch, Cheryl. 6058: 6014:Kahan, Alan S. 6007:Kahan, Alan S. 6004:. Bayard, 2008. 6000:Jaume, Lucien, 5993:Jardin, Andre. 5986:Herr, Richard. 5911:Damrosch, Leo. 5786:Ritter, Yusuf. 5783: 5781:Further reading 5778: 5768: 5766: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5747: 5743: 5734: 5730: 5724:Wayback Machine 5711: 5710: 5706: 5695: 5691: 5680: 5676: 5665: 5661: 5654: 5640: 5633: 5606: 5602: 5587: 5571: 5567: 5556: 5552: 5518: 5514: 5497: 5493: 5484: 5477: 5451: 5444: 5429: 5425: 5416: 5405: 5378: 5374: 5339: 5335: 5300: 5296: 5290:Wayback Machine 5278: 5274: 5265: 5258: 5249: 5245: 5240:Wayback Machine 5223: 5219: 5195: 5191: 5180: 5176: 5168: 5164: 5155: 5151: 5144: 5128: 5124: 5114: 5112: 5103: 5102: 5098: 5085: 5081: 5071: 5069: 5062: 5055: 5047: 5022: 5016: 5009: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4954: 4950: 4922: 4918: 4911: 4885: 4881: 4872: 4868: 4864:(2006), p. 160. 4859: 4852: 4843: 4836: 4823: 4819: 4804: 4797: 4788: 4784: 4776: 4772: 4767:Wayback Machine 4756: 4752: 4742: 4740: 4732: 4730: 4726: 4716: 4673: 4662: 4658: 4647: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4609: 4608: 4604: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4529: 4522: 4491: 4487: 4480: 4458: 4454: 4447: 4433: 4426: 4404: 4397: 4354: 4350: 4339: 4332: 4321: 4314: 4300: 4293: 4276: 4272: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4248: 4247: 4236: 4229: 4200: 4176: 4172: 4171: 4167: 4162: 4068: 4063: 4061: 4054: 4047: 4040: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4001:of Tocqueville. 3875: 3826: 3816:—the so-called 3806: 3800: 3790:proportionality 3776:just war theory 3756:Atlas Mountains 3743: 3687: 3664:Crémieux decree 3640:General Bugeaud 3624:“colonization.” 3612: 3595: 3585:and subsequent 3579: 3562: 3550: 3523: 3492: 3491: 3415: 3394: 3338: 3321:The New Yorker' 3312: 3274: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3253: 3252: 3197: 3189: 3188: 3155: 3085: 3077: 3076: 3033:Cercle Proudhon 3024:Camelots du Roi 3001:Student Cockade 2967: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2863:The Republicans 2828:Alliance Royale 2820: 2812: 2811: 2710:Le Pen (Marine) 2660: 2652: 2651: 2646: 2636: 2626: 2616: 2606: 2596: 2586: 2576: 2566: 2556: 2546: 2536: 2526: 2516: 2506: 2496: 2486: 2477: 2469: 2468: 2254: 2246: 2245: 2231:Ultra-royalists 2170: 2162: 2161: 2077:Noblesse oblige 2036: 2028: 2027: 1947:Nouvelle Droite 1930: 1910: 1895: 1815: 1777: 1775: 1763: 1756: 1755: 1717: 1709: 1708: 1649: 1641: 1640: 1507: 1499: 1498: 1383: 1375: 1374: 1363:July Revolution 1333: 1325: 1324: 1261: 1253: 1252: 1204: 1183: 1167: 1078: 1058: 1052: 1030: 938: 894:Second Republic 848:Western culture 791: 783:progressive tax 675: 659:majoritarianism 616:Second Republic 513: 493: 483: 440: 429: 421: 374: 371: 1835) 366: 362: 350: 346: 344: 338:Political party 319: 315: 302: 296: 294: 293: 292: 258: 248: 242: 237: 228: 204: 192: 186: 181: 172: 156: 144: 138: 133: 110: 98: 86: 80: 75: 59: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 16495: 16485: 16484: 16479: 16474: 16469: 16464: 16459: 16454: 16449: 16444: 16439: 16434: 16429: 16424: 16419: 16414: 16409: 16404: 16399: 16394: 16389: 16384: 16379: 16374: 16369: 16364: 16359: 16354: 16349: 16344: 16339: 16334: 16329: 16324: 16307: 16306: 16301: 16300: 16295: 16293: 16289: 16288: 16283: 16281: 16277: 16276: 16271: 16269: 16265: 16264: 16259: 16257: 16253: 16252: 16247: 16245: 16241: 16240: 16235: 16233: 16229: 16228: 16223: 16221: 16217: 16216: 16211: 16209: 16205: 16204: 16183: 16181: 16176: 16174: 16170: 16169: 16166:Louis Napoleon 16163: 16160: 16159: 16151: 16150: 16143: 16136: 16128: 16119: 16118: 16116: 16115: 16110: 16105: 16100: 16095: 16090: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16070: 16065: 16060: 16055: 16050: 16045: 16040: 16035: 16030: 16025: 16020: 16015: 16010: 16005: 16000: 15995: 15990: 15984: 15982: 15980:Fifth Republic 15976: 15975: 15973: 15972: 15967: 15962: 15957: 15952: 15947: 15942: 15937: 15932: 15926: 15924: 15918: 15917: 15915: 15914: 15909: 15903: 15901: 15893: 15892: 15890: 15889: 15884: 15879: 15874: 15869: 15863: 15861: 15855: 15854: 15852: 15851: 15846: 15841: 15836: 15831: 15826: 15821: 15816: 15811: 15806: 15801: 15796: 15791: 15786: 15781: 15776: 15771: 15766: 15761: 15756: 15751: 15746: 15741: 15736: 15731: 15726: 15721: 15716: 15711: 15706: 15701: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15681: 15676: 15671: 15666: 15661: 15656: 15651: 15646: 15641: 15636: 15631: 15626: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15609:Casimir-Perier 15606: 15601: 15596: 15591: 15586: 15581: 15576: 15571: 15566: 15561: 15556: 15551: 15546: 15541: 15536: 15531: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15511: 15505: 15503: 15501:Third Republic 15497: 15496: 15494: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15453: 15448: 15443: 15438: 15433: 15427: 15425: 15419: 15418: 15416: 15415: 15410: 15405: 15400: 15395: 15390: 15385: 15380: 15375: 15370: 15365: 15360: 15355: 15349: 15347: 15341: 15340: 15338: 15337: 15332: 15327: 15322: 15317: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15297: 15292: 15287: 15282: 15277: 15272: 15267: 15262: 15256: 15254: 15248: 15247: 15245: 15244: 15239: 15234: 15229: 15224: 15219: 15214: 15209: 15207:M. Montmorency 15204: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15183: 15181: 15175: 15174: 15172: 15171: 15166: 15160: 15158: 15152: 15151: 15149: 15148: 15143: 15137: 15135: 15129: 15128: 15126: 15125: 15120: 15115: 15110: 15104: 15102: 15096: 15095: 15093: 15092: 15087: 15082: 15077: 15072: 15067: 15062: 15057: 15051: 15049: 15047:First Republic 15043: 15042: 15040: 15039: 15034: 15029: 15024: 15019: 15014: 15009: 15004: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14964: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14939: 14934: 14929: 14924: 14919: 14914: 14909: 14904: 14899: 14894: 14889: 14884: 14879: 14874: 14869: 14864: 14859: 14854: 14849: 14843: 14841: 14835: 14834: 14827: 14826: 14819: 14812: 14804: 14795: 14794: 14792: 14791: 14783: 14775: 14767: 14759: 14751: 14747:Ferdinand Foch 14743: 14735: 14727: 14719: 14711: 14703: 14695: 14687: 14679: 14671: 14663: 14654: 14651: 14650: 14640: 14639: 14632: 14625: 14617: 14608: 14607: 14605: 14604: 14598: 14595: 14594: 14592: 14591: 14584: 14579: 14574: 14572:Social justice 14569: 14564: 14559: 14554: 14549: 14548: 14547: 14542: 14537: 14527: 14522: 14517: 14512: 14507: 14502: 14497: 14492: 14487: 14482: 14480:Egalitarianism 14477: 14472: 14470:Contractualism 14467: 14462: 14457: 14451: 14449: 14445: 14444: 14442: 14441: 14431: 14421: 14411: 14401: 14391: 14381: 14371: 14361: 14351: 14341: 14331: 14321: 14311: 14301: 14291: 14281: 14271: 14261: 14251: 14241: 14231: 14220: 14218: 14214: 14213: 14210: 14209: 14207: 14206: 14201: 14196: 14191: 14186: 14181: 14176: 14171: 14166: 14161: 14156: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14096: 14091: 14086: 14081: 14076: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14036: 14031: 14026: 14021: 14016: 14011: 14006: 14001: 13996: 13991: 13986: 13981: 13976: 13971: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13951: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13911: 13906: 13901: 13896: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13870: 13868: 13862: 13861: 13859: 13858: 13853: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13828: 13823: 13818: 13813: 13808: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13753: 13748: 13743: 13738: 13737: 13736: 13726: 13721: 13720: 13719: 13709: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13689: 13684: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13664: 13659: 13654: 13649: 13644: 13639: 13634: 13629: 13624: 13619: 13614: 13609: 13603: 13601: 13595: 13594: 13592: 13591: 13586: 13581: 13576: 13571: 13566: 13561: 13556: 13551: 13546: 13541: 13536: 13535: 13534: 13524: 13519: 13514: 13509: 13504: 13499: 13494: 13489: 13483: 13481: 13475: 13474: 13472: 13471: 13466: 13461: 13456: 13451: 13446: 13441: 13436: 13431: 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13400: 13398: 13394: 13393: 13391: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13370: 13365: 13364: 13363: 13353: 13348: 13343: 13338: 13333: 13328: 13323: 13318: 13312: 13310: 13303: 13297: 13296: 13294: 13293: 13288: 13283: 13278: 13273: 13268: 13266:Overton window 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13239: 13234: 13229: 13224: 13219: 13214: 13209: 13204: 13199: 13194: 13189: 13184: 13175: 13169: 13167: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13159: 13154: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13129: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13097:Libertarianism 13094: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13044: 13039: 13034: 13029: 13024: 13019: 13014: 13009: 13003: 13001: 12997: 12996: 12994: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12932: 12930: 12926: 12925: 12923: 12922: 12917: 12912: 12907: 12902: 12897: 12892: 12887: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12761: 12759: 12755: 12754: 12747: 12746: 12739: 12732: 12724: 12715: 12714: 12712: 12711: 12705: 12702: 12701: 12699: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12686:Social science 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12663: 12658: 12653: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12618: 12612: 12610: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12602: 12592: 12582: 12576:Gender Trouble 12572: 12562: 12552: 12542: 12532: 12522: 12512: 12506:The Second Sex 12502: 12492: 12482: 12472: 12462: 12452: 12441: 12439: 12435: 12434: 12431: 12430: 12428: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12397: 12392: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12337: 12332: 12327: 12322: 12317: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12222: 12217: 12212: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12182: 12177: 12172: 12167: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12111: 12109: 12103: 12102: 12100: 12099: 12094: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12074: 12069: 12064: 12059: 12054: 12049: 12044: 12039: 12034: 12029: 12024: 12019: 12014: 12009: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11924: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11903: 11901: 11895: 11894: 11892: 11891: 11886: 11881: 11876: 11871: 11866: 11861: 11856: 11850: 11848: 11844: 11843: 11841: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11820: 11815: 11810: 11805: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11779: 11777: 11773: 11772: 11770: 11769: 11764: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11693: 11691: 11684: 11680: 11679: 11677: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11665: 11664: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11643: 11642: 11632: 11626: 11624: 11620: 11619: 11617: 11616: 11611: 11602: 11601: 11600: 11590: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11556: 11551: 11542: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11521: 11520: 11510: 11505: 11500: 11498:Invisible hand 11495: 11490: 11485: 11484: 11483: 11473: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11452: 11451: 11441: 11440: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11399: 11394: 11388: 11386: 11382: 11381: 11374: 11373: 11366: 11359: 11351: 11342: 11341: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11326: 11325: 11323: 11322: 11317: 11316: 11315: 11314: 11313: 11303: 11293: 11288: 11287: 11286: 11276: 11275: 11274: 11269: 11259: 11254: 11249: 11244: 11242:Ethnopluralism 11239: 11234: 11229: 11224: 11219: 11214: 11213: 11212: 11202: 11197: 11192: 11187: 11185:Anti-communism 11181: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11148: 11146: 11139: 11135: 11134: 11132: 11131: 11129:Ultra-royalism 11126: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11106: 11101: 11096: 11091: 11083: 11081: 11075: 11074: 11072: 11071: 11066: 11065: 11064: 11062:Ultramontanism 11059: 11049: 11044: 11043: 11042: 11032: 11027: 11022: 11021: 11020: 11010: 11004: 11002: 10996: 10995: 10992: 10991: 10989: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10958: 10953: 10948: 10943: 10938: 10933: 10928: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10692: 10690: 10686: 10685: 10683: 10682: 10677: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10657: 10652: 10646: 10644: 10635: 10631: 10630: 10627: 10626: 10624: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10603: 10598: 10593: 10588: 10583: 10578: 10573: 10568: 10563: 10558: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10493: 10488: 10483: 10478: 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10438: 10433: 10428: 10423: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10348: 10343: 10338: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10308: 10302: 10300: 10296: 10295: 10293: 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10275:State religion 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10252: 10247: 10242: 10237: 10232: 10227: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10206: 10205: 10200: 10195: 10185: 10180: 10179: 10178: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10141: 10139:Fundamentalism 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10120: 10119: 10110: 10105: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10084: 10083: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10052: 10051: 10041: 10035: 10033: 10026: 10022: 10021: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10014: 10009: 10008: 10007: 10005:National Right 10002: 9991: 9989: 9983: 9982: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9975: 9970: 9968:Traditionalist 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9934: 9933: 9928: 9923: 9913: 9907: 9905: 9897: 9896: 9894: 9893: 9892: 9891: 9886: 9881: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9860: 9859: 9848: 9846: 9837: 9831: 9830: 9827: 9826: 9824: 9823: 9822: 9821: 9818:Perezjimenismo 9811: 9810: 9809: 9801: 9800: 9799: 9791: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9760: 9759: 9754: 9742: 9736: 9734: 9730: 9729: 9727: 9726: 9721: 9713: 9711: 9705: 9704: 9702: 9701: 9696: 9695: 9694: 9684: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9661: 9659: 9653: 9652: 9650: 9649: 9644: 9637: 9632: 9625: 9619: 9617: 9610: 9604: 9603: 9600: 9599: 9597: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9580: 9579: 9569: 9568: 9567: 9559: 9558: 9557: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9523: 9522: 9517: 9507: 9506: 9505: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9486: 9485: 9475: 9469: 9467: 9463: 9462: 9460: 9459: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9416: 9415: 9405: 9400: 9394: 9392: 9384: 9383: 9381: 9380: 9373: 9371:Neocatholicism 9368: 9363: 9356: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9332: 9320: 9314: 9312: 9306: 9305: 9303: 9302: 9301: 9300: 9288: 9283: 9282: 9281: 9276: 9266: 9261: 9255: 9253: 9247: 9246: 9244: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9226: 9224:Golden Liberty 9220: 9218: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9208: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9183: 9181: 9175: 9174: 9172: 9171: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9146: 9145: 9135: 9134: 9133: 9128: 9118: 9116:Ordoliberalism 9113: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9088: 9086: 9080: 9079: 9077: 9076: 9074:Ultra-royalism 9071: 9066: 9057: 9052: 9043: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9004: 9002: 8993: 8987: 8986: 8983: 8982: 8980: 8979: 8978: 8977: 8967: 8962: 8961: 8960: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8929: 8927: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8919: 8917:Neo-Ottomanism 8914: 8909: 8903: 8901: 8895: 8894: 8892: 8891: 8886: 8880: 8878: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8851: 8846: 8838: 8836: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8826: 8825: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8792:Fundamentalist 8788: 8786: 8780: 8779: 8777: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8760: 8758: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8748: 8743: 8742: 8741: 8736: 8726: 8720: 8718: 8709: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8694: 8692:Traditionalist 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8613: 8611: 8604: 8598: 8597: 8590: 8589: 8582: 8575: 8567: 8558: 8557: 8555: 8550: 8547: 8546: 8542: 8541: 8539:Utilitarianism 8536: 8531: 8526: 8525: 8524: 8519: 8512:Libertarianism 8509: 8507:Land value tax 8504: 8503: 8502: 8492: 8487: 8482: 8480:Egalitarianism 8477: 8472: 8471: 8470: 8460: 8459: 8458: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8436:Anti-communism 8433: 8427: 8426: 8425: 8423: 8422:Related topics 8419: 8418: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8349: 8345: 8344: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8127: 8126: 8122: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7946:Wollstonecraft 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7857: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7849: 7848: 7845: 7844: 7842: 7841: 7836: 7835: 7834: 7823: 7821: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7813: 7812: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7781: 7775: 7773: 7769: 7768: 7766: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7709: 7708: 7698: 7692: 7690: 7682: 7681: 7679: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7644:United Kingdom 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7545: 7544: 7539: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7508: 7507: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7441: 7439: 7433: 7432: 7430: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7363: 7361: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7322: 7320: 7313: 7307: 7306: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7288: 7287: 7282: 7272: 7267: 7266: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7238:Libertarianism 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7219: 7218: 7211:Constitutional 7207: 7205: 7201: 7200: 7198: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7186: 7185: 7175: 7174: 7173: 7163: 7157: 7155: 7149: 7148: 7146: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7124: 7122: 7116: 7115: 7113: 7111:Encyclopaedist 7108: 7103: 7098: 7097: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7060: 7059: 7054: 7044: 7042: 7033: 7029: 7028: 7024: 7023: 7018: 7017: 7016: 7011: 7004:Social justice 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6970: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6905:Market economy 6902: 6897: 6896: 6895: 6890: 6880: 6873: 6868: 6866:Invisible hand 6863: 6858: 6856:Harm principle 6853: 6852: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6814: 6809: 6808: 6807: 6802: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6758: 6757: 6748: 6747: 6740: 6733: 6725: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6712: 6705: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6690: 6688: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6671: 6669: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6635: 6633: 6627: 6626: 6624: 6623: 6621:Soft despotism 6618: 6616:Mutual liberty 6612: 6610: 6606: 6605: 6592: 6591: 6584: 6577: 6569: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6535: 6527: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6496:Soft despotism 6493: 6491:Mutual liberty 6488: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6472: 6464: 6455: 6453: 6449: 6448: 6441: 6440: 6433: 6426: 6418: 6410: 6409: 6404: 6401: 6392: 6387: 6383: 6382: 6376: 6375: 6366: 6360: 6350: 6330: 6306: 6291: 6271: 6255: 6240: 6231: 6220: 6219:External links 6217: 6216: 6215: 6208:Wolin, Sheldon 6205: 6198: 6191: 6188:De Tocqueville 6184: 6177: 6172:Shiner, L. E. 6170: 6163: 6148: 6141: 6134: 6127: 6116: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6088: 6078: 6056: 6040:Cato Institute 6028:Hamowy, Ronald 6019: 6012: 6005: 5998: 5991: 5984: 5977: 5966: 5959: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5909: 5894: 5887: 5880: 5865: 5860:Brogan, Hugh. 5858: 5851: 5844:Boesche, Roger 5841: 5826: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5776: 5754: 5741: 5728: 5704: 5689: 5674: 5659: 5652: 5631: 5600: 5585: 5565: 5550: 5512: 5491: 5475: 5442: 5423: 5403: 5392:(3): 295–318. 5372: 5353:(2): 255–278. 5333: 5314:(3): 362–398. 5294: 5272: 5256: 5254:, pp. 412–413. 5243: 5217: 5189: 5174: 5162: 5149: 5142: 5122: 5111:on 7 June 2012 5096: 5094:. 17 May 2010. 5092:The New Yorker 5079: 5053: 5007: 4995: 4986: 4960: 4948: 4916: 4909: 4879: 4866: 4850: 4834: 4817: 4795: 4782: 4770: 4750: 4724: 4671: 4656: 4641: 4616: 4602: 4587: 4576:on 8 July 2010 4557: 4543: 4520: 4485: 4478: 4452: 4445: 4424: 4409:, ed. (1911). 4407:Chisholm, Hugh 4395: 4368:(3): 435–464. 4348: 4330: 4312: 4291: 4270: 4254: 4252: 4249: 4246: 4245: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4156: 4151: 4149:Soft despotism 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4125: 4124: 4120: 4119: 4113: 4108: 4102: 4096: 4087: 4082: 4074: 4073: 4059: 4045: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4024: 4016: 4008: 4002: 3984: 3976: 3962: 3933:(1835/1840) – 3926: 3908: 3890: 3874: 3871: 3825: 3822: 3802:Main article: 3799: 3794: 3742: 3739: 3695:Honoré Daumier 3686: 3683: 3611: 3608: 3594: 3591: 3578: 3575: 3561: 3558: 3549: 3546: 3522: 3519: 3515:Indian removal 3507:Jules Michelet 3414: 3411: 3393: 3390: 3337: 3334: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3310: 3303: 3296: 3288: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3270: 3255: 3254: 3251: 3250: 3245: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3203:Archeofuturism 3198: 3196:Related topics 3195: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3186: 3179: 3172: 3169:Nouvelle École 3165: 3158: 3148: 3141: 3134: 3127: 3120: 3113: 3106: 3099: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3079: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3046: 3037: 3028: 3013: 3012: 3003: 2998: 2989: 2987:March for Life 2984: 2975: 2970: 2962: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2910:Party of Order 2907: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2876: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2718: 2717: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2658: 2657: 2654: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2639: 2629: 2619: 2609: 2599: 2589: 2579: 2569: 2559: 2549: 2539: 2529: 2519: 2509: 2499: 2489: 2478: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2454:de Tocqueville 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2255: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2217: 2216: 2211: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2145: 2140: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2103: 2098: 2096:French culture 2093: 2088: 2086:Ethnopluralism 2083: 2082: 2081: 2072: 2062: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2041:Anti-communism 2037: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2013: 2004: 1999: 1989: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1976:Ultramontanism 1973: 1968: 1958: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1942: 1931: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1915: 1914: 1906: 1905: 1894: 1891: 1842:and a vibrant 1817: 1816: 1814: 1813: 1806: 1799: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1786: 1785: 1773: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1748: 1741: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1718: 1716:Related topics 1715: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1662:La Chaîne Info 1659: 1650: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1612: 1606: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1568: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1317: 1310: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1245: 1244: 1243: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1198: 1197: 1189: 1188: 1178: 1177: 1166: 1163: 1054:Main article: 1051: 1046: 1029: 1026: 937: 934: 929:state of siege 913:Party of Order 790: 787: 765:Louis-Philippe 763:carried on by 674: 671: 653:who advocated 548: 547: 544: 543: 540: 539: 536: 535: 525:soft despotism 521:mutual liberty 514: 511: 508: 507: 494: 492:Main interests 491: 488: 487: 478: 472: 471: 466: 462: 461: 456: 452: 451: 448: 447: 432: 426: 425: 418: 417: 410: 406: 405: 392: 388: 387: 382: 376: 375: 364: 360: 359: 357: 353: 352: 348:Party of Order 342:Movement Party 339: 335: 334: 329: 325: 324: 318:(aged 53) 312: 308: 307: 290: 288: 284: 283: 279: 278: 275: 274: 269: 265: 264: 261: 255: 254: 251: 245: 244: 234: 233: 224:Member of the 221: 220: 215: 211: 210: 207: 201: 200: 195: 189: 188: 178: 177: 168:Member of the 165: 164: 159: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 130: 129: 119: 118: 113: 107: 106: 101: 95: 94: 89: 87:Prime Minister 83: 82: 72: 71: 65: 64: 61: 60: 54: 46: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16494: 16483: 16480: 16478: 16475: 16473: 16470: 16468: 16465: 16463: 16460: 16458: 16455: 16453: 16450: 16448: 16445: 16443: 16440: 16438: 16435: 16433: 16430: 16428: 16425: 16423: 16420: 16418: 16415: 16413: 16410: 16408: 16405: 16403: 16400: 16398: 16395: 16393: 16390: 16388: 16385: 16383: 16380: 16378: 16375: 16373: 16370: 16368: 16365: 16363: 16360: 16358: 16355: 16353: 16350: 16348: 16345: 16343: 16340: 16338: 16335: 16333: 16330: 16328: 16325: 16323: 16320: 16319: 16317: 16298: 16294: 16290: 16286: 16282: 16278: 16274: 16270: 16266: 16262: 16258: 16254: 16250: 16246: 16242: 16238: 16234: 16230: 16226: 16222: 16218: 16214: 16210: 16206: 16200: 16199: 16198:Odilon Barrot 16193: 16187: 16179: 16178:Odilon Barrot 16175: 16171: 16167: 16161: 16156: 16149: 16144: 16142: 16137: 16135: 16130: 16129: 16126: 16114: 16111: 16109: 16106: 16104: 16101: 16099: 16096: 16094: 16091: 16089: 16086: 16084: 16081: 16079: 16076: 16074: 16071: 16069: 16066: 16064: 16061: 16059: 16056: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16044: 16041: 16039: 16036: 16034: 16031: 16029: 16026: 16024: 16021: 16019: 16016: 16014: 16013:Sauvagnargues 16011: 16009: 16006: 16004: 16001: 15999: 15996: 15994: 15991: 15989: 15986: 15985: 15983: 15981: 15977: 15971: 15968: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15956: 15953: 15951: 15948: 15946: 15945:Mendès France 15943: 15941: 15938: 15936: 15933: 15931: 15928: 15927: 15925: 15923: 15919: 15913: 15910: 15908: 15905: 15904: 15902: 15900: 15894: 15888: 15885: 15883: 15880: 15878: 15875: 15873: 15870: 15868: 15865: 15864: 15862: 15860: 15856: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15842: 15840: 15837: 15835: 15832: 15830: 15827: 15825: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15815: 15812: 15810: 15807: 15805: 15802: 15800: 15797: 15795: 15792: 15790: 15787: 15785: 15782: 15780: 15777: 15775: 15772: 15770: 15767: 15765: 15762: 15760: 15757: 15755: 15752: 15750: 15747: 15745: 15742: 15740: 15737: 15735: 15732: 15730: 15727: 15725: 15722: 15720: 15717: 15715: 15712: 15710: 15707: 15705: 15702: 15700: 15697: 15695: 15692: 15690: 15687: 15685: 15682: 15680: 15677: 15675: 15672: 15670: 15667: 15665: 15662: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15650: 15647: 15645: 15642: 15640: 15637: 15635: 15632: 15630: 15627: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15610: 15607: 15605: 15602: 15600: 15597: 15595: 15592: 15590: 15587: 15585: 15582: 15580: 15577: 15575: 15572: 15570: 15567: 15565: 15562: 15560: 15557: 15555: 15552: 15550: 15547: 15545: 15542: 15540: 15537: 15535: 15532: 15530: 15527: 15525: 15522: 15520: 15517: 15515: 15512: 15510: 15507: 15506: 15504: 15502: 15498: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15457: 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15442: 15439: 15437: 15434: 15432: 15429: 15428: 15426: 15424: 15423:Second Empire 15420: 15414: 15411: 15409: 15406: 15404: 15401: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15391: 15389: 15386: 15384: 15381: 15379: 15376: 15374: 15371: 15369: 15366: 15364: 15361: 15359: 15356: 15354: 15351: 15350: 15348: 15346: 15342: 15336: 15333: 15331: 15328: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15271: 15268: 15266: 15263: 15261: 15258: 15257: 15255: 15253: 15252:July Monarchy 15249: 15243: 15240: 15238: 15235: 15233: 15230: 15228: 15225: 15223: 15220: 15218: 15215: 15213: 15212:Chateaubriand 15210: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15184: 15182: 15180: 15176: 15170: 15167: 15165: 15162: 15161: 15159: 15157: 15153: 15147: 15144: 15142: 15139: 15138: 15136: 15134: 15130: 15124: 15121: 15119: 15116: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15106: 15105: 15103: 15101: 15097: 15091: 15088: 15086: 15083: 15081: 15078: 15076: 15073: 15071: 15068: 15066: 15063: 15061: 15058: 15056: 15053: 15052: 15050: 15048: 15044: 15038: 15035: 15033: 15030: 15028: 15025: 15023: 15020: 15018: 15015: 15013: 15010: 15008: 15005: 15003: 15000: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14977:L. Phélypeaux 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14948: 14947:Saint-Contest 14945: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14928: 14925: 14923: 14920: 14918: 14915: 14913: 14910: 14908: 14905: 14903: 14900: 14898: 14895: 14893: 14890: 14888: 14885: 14883: 14880: 14878: 14875: 14873: 14870: 14868: 14867:R. Phélypeaux 14865: 14863: 14860: 14858: 14855: 14853: 14850: 14848: 14845: 14844: 14842: 14840: 14839:Ancien Régime 14836: 14832: 14825: 14820: 14818: 14813: 14811: 14806: 14805: 14802: 14788: 14784: 14780: 14779:Michel Serres 14776: 14772: 14768: 14764: 14760: 14756: 14752: 14748: 14744: 14740: 14736: 14732: 14728: 14724: 14720: 14716: 14712: 14708: 14704: 14700: 14696: 14692: 14688: 14684: 14680: 14676: 14672: 14668: 14664: 14660: 14656: 14655: 14652: 14648: 14645: 14638: 14633: 14631: 14626: 14624: 14619: 14618: 14615: 14603: 14600: 14599: 14596: 14590: 14589: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14578: 14575: 14573: 14570: 14568: 14565: 14563: 14560: 14558: 14555: 14553: 14550: 14546: 14543: 14541: 14538: 14536: 14533: 14532: 14531: 14528: 14526: 14523: 14521: 14518: 14516: 14513: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14505:Jurisprudence 14503: 14501: 14498: 14496: 14493: 14491: 14488: 14486: 14483: 14481: 14478: 14476: 14473: 14471: 14468: 14466: 14463: 14461: 14458: 14456: 14453: 14452: 14450: 14446: 14437: 14436: 14432: 14427: 14426: 14422: 14417: 14416: 14412: 14407: 14406: 14402: 14397: 14396: 14392: 14387: 14386: 14382: 14377: 14376: 14372: 14367: 14366: 14362: 14357: 14356: 14352: 14347: 14346: 14342: 14337: 14336: 14335:Rights of Man 14332: 14327: 14326: 14322: 14317: 14316: 14312: 14307: 14306: 14302: 14297: 14296: 14292: 14287: 14286: 14282: 14277: 14276: 14272: 14267: 14266: 14262: 14257: 14256: 14252: 14247: 14246: 14245:De re publica 14242: 14237: 14236: 14232: 14227: 14226: 14222: 14221: 14219: 14215: 14205: 14202: 14200: 14197: 14195: 14192: 14190: 14187: 14185: 14182: 14180: 14177: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14167: 14165: 14162: 14160: 14157: 14155: 14152: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14130: 14127: 14125: 14122: 14120: 14117: 14115: 14112: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14095: 14092: 14090: 14087: 14085: 14082: 14080: 14077: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14040: 14037: 14035: 14032: 14030: 14027: 14025: 14022: 14020: 14017: 14015: 14012: 14010: 14007: 14005: 14002: 14000: 13997: 13995: 13992: 13990: 13987: 13985: 13982: 13980: 13977: 13975: 13972: 13970: 13967: 13965: 13962: 13960: 13957: 13955: 13952: 13950: 13947: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13937: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13910: 13907: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13871: 13869: 13865:20th and 21st 13863: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13837: 13834: 13832: 13829: 13827: 13824: 13822: 13819: 13817: 13814: 13812: 13809: 13807: 13804: 13802: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13792: 13789: 13787: 13784: 13782: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13772: 13769: 13767: 13764: 13762: 13759: 13757: 13754: 13752: 13749: 13747: 13744: 13742: 13739: 13735: 13732: 13731: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13718: 13715: 13714: 13713: 13710: 13708: 13705: 13703: 13700: 13698: 13695: 13693: 13690: 13688: 13685: 13683: 13680: 13678: 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13658: 13655: 13653: 13650: 13648: 13645: 13643: 13640: 13638: 13635: 13633: 13630: 13628: 13625: 13623: 13620: 13618: 13615: 13613: 13610: 13608: 13605: 13604: 13602: 13598:18th and 19th 13596: 13590: 13587: 13585: 13582: 13580: 13577: 13575: 13572: 13570: 13567: 13565: 13562: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13533: 13530: 13529: 13528: 13525: 13523: 13520: 13518: 13515: 13513: 13510: 13508: 13505: 13503: 13500: 13498: 13495: 13493: 13490: 13488: 13485: 13484: 13482: 13476: 13470: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13460: 13457: 13455: 13454:Nizam al-Mulk 13452: 13450: 13447: 13445: 13442: 13440: 13437: 13435: 13432: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13401: 13399: 13395: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13362: 13359: 13358: 13357: 13354: 13352: 13349: 13347: 13344: 13342: 13339: 13337: 13334: 13332: 13329: 13327: 13324: 13322: 13319: 13317: 13314: 13313: 13311: 13307: 13304: 13302: 13298: 13292: 13289: 13287: 13284: 13282: 13279: 13277: 13274: 13272: 13269: 13267: 13264: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13246: 13245: 13240: 13238: 13235: 13233: 13230: 13228: 13225: 13223: 13220: 13218: 13215: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13200: 13198: 13195: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13185: 13182: 13181: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13170: 13168: 13164: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13150: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13137:Republicanism 13135: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13048: 13045: 13043: 13040: 13038: 13035: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13025: 13023: 13020: 13018: 13015: 13013: 13010: 13008: 13005: 13004: 13002: 12998: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12977: 12974: 12972: 12969: 12967: 12964: 12962: 12959: 12957: 12954: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12933: 12931: 12927: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12911: 12908: 12906: 12903: 12901: 12898: 12896: 12893: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12762: 12760: 12756: 12752: 12745: 12740: 12738: 12733: 12731: 12726: 12725: 12722: 12710: 12707: 12706: 12703: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12691:Social theory 12689: 12687: 12684: 12682: 12679: 12677: 12674: 12672: 12669: 12667: 12664: 12662: 12659: 12657: 12654: 12652: 12649: 12647: 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12613: 12611: 12607: 12598: 12597: 12593: 12588: 12587: 12583: 12578: 12577: 12573: 12568: 12567: 12563: 12558: 12557: 12553: 12548: 12547: 12543: 12538: 12537: 12533: 12528: 12527: 12523: 12518: 12517: 12513: 12508: 12507: 12503: 12498: 12497: 12493: 12488: 12487: 12483: 12478: 12477: 12473: 12468: 12467: 12463: 12458: 12457: 12453: 12448: 12447: 12443: 12442: 12440: 12436: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12345:Radhakrishnan 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12333: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12221: 12218: 12216: 12213: 12211: 12208: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12112: 12110: 12106:20th and 21st 12104: 12098: 12095: 12093: 12090: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12068: 12065: 12063: 12060: 12058: 12055: 12053: 12050: 12048: 12045: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12035: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12010: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12000: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11904: 11902: 11898:18th and 19th 11896: 11890: 11887: 11885: 11882: 11880: 11877: 11875: 11872: 11870: 11867: 11865: 11862: 11860: 11857: 11855: 11852: 11851: 11849: 11845: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11816: 11814: 11811: 11809: 11806: 11804: 11801: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11780: 11778: 11774: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11694: 11692: 11688: 11685: 11681: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11663: 11660: 11659: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11641: 11638: 11637: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11621: 11615: 11612: 11609: 11608: 11603: 11599: 11596: 11595: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11563: 11562: 11557: 11555: 11552: 11549: 11548: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11519: 11516: 11515: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11482: 11479: 11478: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11450: 11447: 11446: 11445: 11442: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11424: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11390: 11389: 11387: 11383: 11379: 11372: 11367: 11365: 11360: 11358: 11353: 11352: 11349: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11327: 11321: 11318: 11312: 11309: 11308: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11298: 11297: 11294: 11292: 11291:Right realism 11289: 11285: 11282: 11281: 11280: 11277: 11273: 11272:United States 11270: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11263: 11262:Radical right 11260: 11258: 11255: 11253: 11250: 11248: 11245: 11243: 11240: 11238: 11235: 11233: 11230: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11220: 11218: 11215: 11211: 11210:United States 11208: 11207: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11182: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11149: 11147: 11143: 11140: 11136: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11124:Holy Alliance 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11105: 11102: 11100: 11097: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11089: 11088:Ancien régime 11085: 11084: 11082: 11076: 11070: 11067: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11054: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11041: 11038: 11037: 11036: 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11019: 11016: 11015: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11005: 11003: 11001: 10997: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10947: 10944: 10942: 10939: 10937: 10934: 10932: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10896:Pérez Jiménez 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10693: 10691: 10687: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10647: 10645: 10643: 10642:Organisations 10639: 10636: 10632: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10599: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10589: 10587: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10577: 10574: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10422: 10419: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10346:Chateaubriand 10344: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10303: 10301: 10299:Intellectuals 10297: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10251: 10248: 10246: 10243: 10241: 10238: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10190: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10177: 10174: 10173: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10150: 10147: 10146: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10134:Family values 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10124:Ethical order 10122: 10117: 10116: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10100: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10082: 10079: 10078: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10050: 10047: 10046: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10030: 10027: 10023: 10013: 10010: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9997: 9996: 9993: 9992: 9990: 9988: 9984: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9918: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9911:Compassionate 9909: 9908: 9906: 9904: 9898: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9876: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9858: 9855: 9854: 9853: 9850: 9849: 9847: 9845: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9835:North America 9832: 9820: 9819: 9815: 9814: 9812: 9808: 9805: 9804: 9802: 9798: 9797: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9786: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9752: 9748: 9747: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9737: 9735: 9731: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9719: 9715: 9714: 9712: 9710: 9706: 9700: 9697: 9693: 9690: 9689: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9662: 9660: 9658: 9654: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9642: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9630: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9608:Latin America 9605: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9578: 9575: 9574: 9573: 9570: 9566: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9556: 9553: 9552: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9512: 9511: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9500: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9484: 9481: 9480: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9464: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9442: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9425:One-nationism 9423: 9421: 9418: 9414: 9411: 9410: 9409: 9408:Compassionate 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9395: 9393: 9391: 9385: 9379: 9378: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9361: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9330: 9329:Carloctavismo 9326: 9325: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9316: 9315: 9313: 9311: 9307: 9299: 9298: 9294: 9293: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9271: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9254: 9252: 9248: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9231: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9221: 9219: 9217: 9213: 9206: 9205: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9184: 9182: 9180: 9176: 9169: 9168: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9150:Ritter School 9148: 9144: 9141: 9140: 9139: 9138:Revolutionary 9136: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9111: 9110: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9087: 9085: 9081: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9041: 9040: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9012: 9011: 9006: 9005: 9003: 9001: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8988: 8976: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8959: 8956: 8955: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8904: 8902: 8900: 8896: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8881: 8879: 8877: 8873: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8861:Shōwa Statism 8859: 8857: 8856: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8844: 8840: 8839: 8837: 8835: 8831: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8809: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8789: 8787: 8785: 8781: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8757: 8753: 8747: 8744: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8731: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8721: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8704: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8657:Paternalistic 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8617:Authoritarian 8615: 8614: 8612: 8610:International 8608: 8605: 8599: 8595: 8588: 8583: 8581: 8576: 8574: 8569: 8568: 8565: 8554: 8551: 8548: 8540: 8537: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8514: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8501: 8498: 8497: 8496: 8495:Individualism 8493: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8469: 8466: 8465: 8464: 8461: 8457: 8454: 8453: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8428: 8424: 8420: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8348:Organisations 8346: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7840: 7837: 7833: 7830: 7829: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7818: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7790: 7787: 7786: 7785: 7784:United States 7782: 7780: 7777: 7776: 7774: 7772:North America 7770: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7707: 7704: 7703: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7691: 7689: 7688:the Caribbean 7683: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7506: 7503: 7502: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7442: 7440: 7438: 7434: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7405: 7400: 7399: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7364: 7362: 7358: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7308: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7240: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7233:International 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7213: 7212: 7209: 7208: 7206: 7202: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7190:Progressivism 7188: 7184: 7181: 7180: 7179: 7176: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7158: 7156: 7154: 7150: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7125: 7123: 7121: 7117: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7079:Anti-clerical 7077: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7049: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7041: 7037: 7034: 7030: 7022: 7019: 7015: 7014:Welfare state 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6949: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6885: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6878: 6877:Laissez-faire 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6824: 6823: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6797: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6754: 6746: 6741: 6739: 6734: 6732: 6727: 6726: 6723: 6711: 6710: 6706: 6704: 6703: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6692: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6666: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6628: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6613: 6611: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6598: 6590: 6585: 6583: 6578: 6576: 6571: 6570: 6567: 6561: 6554: 6541: 6540: 6536: 6533: 6532: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6513: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6483: 6481: 6477: 6470: 6469: 6465: 6462: 6461: 6457: 6456: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6439: 6434: 6432: 6427: 6425: 6420: 6419: 6416: 6407: 6398: 6397: 6390: 6384: 6379: 6372: 6367: 6364: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6351: 6339: 6335: 6331: 6319: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6296: 6292: 6280: 6276: 6272: 6261:. 4 June 2023 6260: 6256: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6213: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6199: 6196: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6157: 6153: 6149: 6146: 6142: 6139: 6135: 6132: 6128: 6125: 6121: 6117: 6114: 6110: 6107: 6103: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6089: 6086: 6082: 6079: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6053: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6020: 6017: 6013: 6010: 6006: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5982: 5978: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5964: 5960: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5942: 5938: 5935: 5931: 5928: 5924: 5921: 5917: 5914: 5910: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5892: 5888: 5885: 5881: 5878: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5856: 5852: 5849: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5813: 5809: 5806: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5784: 5764: 5758: 5751: 5745: 5738: 5732: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5708: 5700: 5696:Tocqueville, 5693: 5685: 5681:Tocqueville, 5678: 5670: 5666:Tocqueville, 5663: 5655: 5649: 5645: 5638: 5636: 5627: 5623: 5616: 5610: 5604: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5582: 5578: 5577: 5569: 5561: 5554: 5547: 5542: 5536: 5529: 5528: 5523: 5516: 5508: 5502: 5495: 5488: 5482: 5480: 5471: 5467: 5461: 5456: 5449: 5447: 5438: 5434: 5427: 5420: 5414: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5376: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5337: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5298: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5283: 5276: 5269: 5263: 5261: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5230:as quoted by 5228: 5221: 5213: 5209: 5208: 5203: 5199: 5193: 5185: 5178: 5171: 5166: 5159: 5153: 5145: 5143:9781907166167 5139: 5135: 5134: 5126: 5110: 5106: 5100: 5093: 5089: 5083: 5067: 5060: 5058: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5029: 5021: 5014: 5012: 5004: 4999: 4990: 4974: 4970: 4964: 4958: 4952: 4944: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4931: 4926: 4920: 4912: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4870: 4863: 4857: 4855: 4847: 4841: 4839: 4831: 4827: 4821: 4814: 4809: 4802: 4800: 4792: 4786: 4779: 4774: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4754: 4739: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4712: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4667: 4660: 4652: 4645: 4630: 4626: 4620: 4612: 4606: 4598: 4591: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4546: 4544:9781441176998 4540: 4536: 4535: 4527: 4525: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4489: 4481: 4475: 4471: 4466: 4465: 4456: 4448: 4442: 4438: 4431: 4429: 4420: 4419: 4413: 4408: 4402: 4400: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4352: 4344: 4337: 4335: 4326: 4319: 4317: 4309: 4305: 4298: 4296: 4287: 4283: 4282: 4274: 4266: 4259: 4255: 4242: 4234: 4233: 4224: 4169: 4165: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4129:Civil society 4127: 4126: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4060: 4057: 4051: 4046: 4043: 4042:France portal 4032: 4022: 4021: 4017: 4014: 4013: 4009: 4006: 4003: 3999: 3998: 3992: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3981: 3980:Recollections 3977: 3974: 3973: 3967: 3963: 3960: 3959:9781931082549 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3914: 3909: 3906: 3905:9780813930626 3902: 3898: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3887:9781777646097 3884: 3880: 3877: 3876: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3858: 3857:Recollections 3853: 3851: 3850: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3821: 3819: 3818:Ancien Régime 3815: 3811: 3805: 3798: 3793: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3782: 3781:jus ad bellum 3777: 3771: 3768: 3763: 3761: 3757: 3751: 3748: 3738: 3734: 3732: 3728: 3722: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3706: 3704: 3696: 3691: 3681: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3659: 3654: 3652: 3649:as a form of 3648: 3643: 3641: 3635: 3631: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3607: 3602: 3598: 3590: 3588: 3587:July Monarchy 3584: 3574: 3570: 3568: 3557: 3555: 3545: 3544:(1853–1855). 3543: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3532:Indian policy 3529: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3511:extermination 3508: 3504: 3501: 3495: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3474: 3471: 3465: 3463: 3457: 3452: 3450: 3446: 3440: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3410: 3407: 3406:majority rule 3402: 3398: 3389: 3385: 3377: 3373: 3371: 3370:primogeniture 3366: 3364: 3360: 3359:primogeniture 3354: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3333: 3329: 3326: 3322: 3309: 3304: 3302: 3297: 3295: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3286: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3259: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3200: 3199: 3193: 3192: 3185: 3184: 3180: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3154: 3153: 3149: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3112: 3111: 3110:L'Écho du Sud 3107: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3081: 3080: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3038: 3035: 3034: 3029: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3018: 3017: 3010: 3009: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2981: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2959: 2954: 2953: 2952: 2947:Organisations 2944: 2943: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2868:Soyons libres 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2838:French Future 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2825: 2824: 2816: 2815: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2645: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2554: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2514: 2510: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2495: 2494: 2490: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2364:de La Mennais 2362: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2253:Intellectuals 2250: 2249: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2178: 2177:Ancien Régime 2173: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2150:Souverainisme 2146: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2108: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2091:Family values 2089: 2087: 2084: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1986: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1948: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1936: 1933: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1908: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1889: 1884: 1880: 1879:this regard. 1877: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1857:According to 1855: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1844:civil society 1841: 1837: 1836:individualism 1833: 1829: 1825: 1812: 1807: 1805: 1800: 1798: 1793: 1792: 1790: 1789: 1784: 1774: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1759: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1746: 1742: 1740: 1739: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1713: 1712: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1700: 1699: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1654: 1653: 1645: 1644: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1604:Liberal Party 1602: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1550:Radical Party 1548: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1525:The Centrists 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1511: 1503: 1502: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1469:Merleau-Ponty 1467: 1465: 1464:Mendès France 1462: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1358:July Monarchy 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1329: 1328: 1321: 1320:Republicanism 1318: 1316: 1315: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1307:Laissez-faire 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1257: 1256: 1249: 1246: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1180: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1170: 1162: 1159: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1109:According to 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1073: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1050: 1045: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1025: 1022: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1005: 1004:Second Empire 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 980: 977: 976: 971: 966: 964: 959: 955: 951: 950:Odilon Barrot 942: 933: 930: 926: 921: 919: 914: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 882: 880: 875: 873: 869: 865: 862:as a form of 861: 857: 856:indirect rule 853: 849: 845: 841: 836: 831: 826: 820: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 801: 796: 786: 784: 780: 775: 773: 768: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 739: 735: 734:July Monarchy 727: 722: 718: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 670: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 647: 645: 644:Enlightenment 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 612:July Monarchy 608: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 589: 584: 583: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 545: 541: 537: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 515: 512:Notable ideas 509: 506: 502: 498: 495: 489: 486: 482: 479: 477: 473: 470: 467: 463: 460: 457: 453: 449: 445: 444: 438: 437: 433: 427: 424: 419: 415: 411: 407: 404: 400: 396: 393: 389: 386: 383: 381: 377: 358: 354: 349: 343: 340: 336: 333: 330: 328:Resting place 326: 322: 314:16 April 1859 313: 309: 305: 289: 285: 280: 276: 273: 270: 266: 262: 256: 252: 246: 240: 235: 232: 227: 222: 219: 216: 212: 208: 202: 199: 196: 190: 184: 179: 176: 171: 166: 163: 160: 154: 151: 148: 142: 136: 131: 128: 124: 120: 117: 114: 108: 105: 102: 96: 93: 92:Odilon Barrot 90: 84: 78: 73: 70: 66: 62: 58: 52: 47: 40: 37: 33: 19: 16256:Public Works 16224: 16196: 16083:Alliot-Marie 16073:Douste-Blazy 15859:Vichy France 15819:Paul-Boncour 15789:Paul-Boncour 15377: 15222:La Ferronays 15164:Caulaincourt 15156:Hundred Days 15123:Caulaincourt 15100:First Empire 15055:Lebrun-Tondu 15037:Sainte-Croix 14714: 14659:Jean Baudoin 14586: 14485:Elite theory 14433: 14423: 14413: 14403: 14393: 14383: 14373: 14363: 14353: 14343: 14333: 14323: 14313: 14303: 14293: 14283: 14273: 14263: 14253: 14243: 14233: 14223: 13845: 13522:Guicciardini 13478:Early modern 13301:Philosophers 13251:Open society 13187:Body politic 13057:Distributism 13047:Conservatism 13042:Confucianism 12961:Gerontocracy 12951:Dictatorship 12905:Sovereignty‎ 12895:Ruling class 12785:Emancipation 12770:Citizenship‎ 12594: 12584: 12574: 12564: 12554: 12544: 12534: 12524: 12514: 12504: 12494: 12484: 12474: 12464: 12454: 12444: 12081: 11864:Guicciardini 11847:Early modern 11683:Philosophers 11657:Conservatism 11652:Confucianism 11640:Distributism 11573:Social norms 11561:Sittlichkeit 11547:Ressentiment 11493:Institutions 11471:Human nature 11257:Para-fascism 11237:Elite theory 11195:Anti-Masonry 11086: 11025:Confucianism 10801:John Paul II 10610: 10576:Solzhenitsyn 10285:Subsidiarity 10260:Social order 10000:Centre Right 9816: 9794: 9749: 9716: 9692:Patrianovism 9679: 9641:Nacionalismo 9639: 9627: 9375: 9358: 9327: 9295: 9228: 9187:Berlusconism 9126:Cameralistic 9039:Maurrassisme 8866:State Shinto 8855:Nippon Kaigi 8853: 8841: 8729:Confucianism 8594:Conservatism 8529:Pirate Party 8258:Lloyd George 7852:Philosophers 7794:Jeffersonian 7537:Berlusconism 7403: 7341:South Africa 7120:Conservative 7106:Physiocratic 6967:To bear arms 6915:Open society 6875: 6707: 6700: 6675:Leo Damrosch 6654:Jared Sparks 6601: 6595: 6537: 6529: 6521: 6501:Soft tyranny 6466: 6463:(1835, 1840) 6458: 6444: 6394: 6342:. 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Choiseul 14967:C. Choiseul 14962:É. Choiseul 14872:Bouthillier 14771:Edgar Faure 14359:(1835–1840) 14239:(c. 350 BC) 14229:(c. 375 BC) 13846:Tocqueville 13811:Saint-Simon 13776:Montesquieu 13627:Bolingbroke 13559:Machiavelli 13439:Ibn Khaldun 13404:Alpharabius 13397:Middle Ages 13222:Natural law 13197:Common good 13122:Nationalism 13082:Imperialism 13052:Corporatism 13027:Colonialism 13007:Agrarianism 12986:Technocracy 12966:Meritocracy 12946:Bureaucracy 12936:Aristocracy 12651:Historicism 12480:(1835–1840) 12446:De Officiis 12170:de Beauvoir 12140:Baudrillard 12092:Vivekananda 12082:Tocqueville 11997:Kierkegaard 11813:Ibn Khaldun 11783:Alpharabius 11674:Personalism 11583:Stewardship 11540:Reification 11535:Natural law 11456:Familialism 11422:Culturalism 11279:Reactionary 11200:Aristocracy 11172:Corporatism 11152:Agrarianism 11057:Integralism 10751:Diefenbaker 10689:Politicians 10611:Tocqueville 10326:Buckley Jr. 10280:Stewardship 10270:Sovereignty 10245:Rule of law 10193:Conventions 10183:Nationalism 10161:Imperialism 10144:Gender role 10129:Familialism 10108:Meritocracy 10103:Aristocracy 10049:Traditional 10012:New Zealand 9916:Libertarian 9724:Pinochetism 9718:Gremialismo 9675:Integralism 9665:Bolsonarism 9629:Maurrasismo 9589:Switzerland 9542:Netherlands 9435:Thatcherism 9377:Noucentisme 9291:Slavophilia 9264:Eurasianism 9155:Romanticism 9121:Prussianism 9109:Neue Rechte 9017:Bonapartism 8876:South Korea 8822:Revisionist 8774:Principlist 8677:Reactionary 8672:Progressive 8622:Corporatist 8328:Verhofstadt 8323:Balcerowicz 8130:Politicians 8059:Collingwood 8000:Tocqueville 7876:Montesquieu 7839:New Zealand 7809:Progressive 7799:Libertarian 7654:Libertarian 7649:Gladstonian 7629:Switzerland 7579:Netherlands 7480:Czech lands 7422:Philippines 7415:Progressive 7397:South Korea 7171:Ecofeminism 7094:Utilitarian 6974:Rule of law 6775:Due process 6649:Henry Reeve 6526:(1997–1998) 6340:(in French) 6281:(in French) 6002:Tocqueville 5995:Tocqueville 5712:(in French) 3991:J.-P. Mayer 3844:Peter Carey 3832:'s memoirs 3731:Two Letters 3500:colonialism 3449:New England 3351:aristocracy 3346:Montesquieu 3241:Sinistrisme 3234:Remigration 2797:de Vaublanc 2767:de Polignac 2675:Cathelineau 2659:Politicians 2359:de Jouvenel 2354:Houellebecq 2349:de Gobineau 2184:Monarchiens 2101:Imperialism 2070:Meritocracy 1997:Bonapartism 1971:Integralism 1868:selfishness 1745:Sinistrisme 1692:Le Parisien 1560:Renaissance 1489:Tocqueville 1474:Montesquieu 1338:Dreyfusards 1079: 1840 996:Restoration 813:Quebec City 767:'s regime. 751:, defended 749:centre-left 693:due to the 679:Malesherbes 663:centre-left 565:sociologist 351:(1848–1851) 345:(1839–1848) 249:Preceded by 193:Preceded by 145:Preceded by 99:Preceded by 18:Tocqueville 16316:Categories 16018:Guiringaud 15899:Government 15534:Waddington 15529:Banneville 15519:A. Broglie 15466:La Valette 15456:La Valette 15320:Montebello 15305:V. Broglie 15285:V. Broglie 15280:Sébastiani 15187:Talleyrand 15146:Talleyrand 15108:Talleyrand 15090:Talleyrand 15080:Talleyrand 15032:Dubouchage 14567:Separatism 14375:On Liberty 14275:The Prince 14004:Huntington 13507:Campanella 13434:al-Ghazali 13383:Thucydides 13341:Lactantius 13286:Statolatry 13112:Monarchism 13092:Liberalism 13017:Capitalism 13000:Ideologies 12981:Plutocracy 12929:Government 12885:Revolution 12870:Propaganda 12820:Legitimacy 12795:Government 12656:Humanities 12616:Agnotology 12275:Kołakowski 11838:Ibn Tufayl 11818:Maimonides 11762:Thucydides 11757:Tertullian 11712:Lactantius 11607:Volksgeist 11588:Traditions 11402:Convention 11145:Ideologies 11080:background 11078:Historical 10866:Metternich 10841:Mannerheim 10716:Berlusconi 10446:La Mennais 10376:Dostoevsky 10351:Chesterton 10265:Solidarity 10230:Patriotism 10215:Organicism 10171:Monarchism 10088:Discipline 10032:Principles 10025:Philosophy 9813:Venezuela 9789:Fujimorism 9687:Monarchist 9670:Coronelism 9577:Monarchist 9565:Monarchist 9537:Luxembourg 9503:Monarchist 9398:Cameronism 9269:Monarchist 9204:Sanfedismo 9032:Legitimism 8933:Bangladesh 8912:Erdoğanism 8907:Democratic 8769:Monarchist 8764:Khomeinism 8485:Empiricism 8456:Democratic 8451:Capitalism 7789:Jacksonian 7659:Manchester 7574:Montenegro 7559:Luxembourg 7128:Democratic 7089:Republican 6979:Secularism 6812:Federalism 6753:Liberalism 6515:In culture 6265:21 October 6066:2008009151 5595:1345216431 5460:la Pléiade 4943:1064604970 4743:28 October 4251:References 4139:Liberalism 3861:Ada Palmer 3830:Toby Young 2885:Feuillants 2858:Reconquête 2802:de Villèle 2777:Retailleau 2643:Submission 2476:Literature 2439:de Rivarol 2424:Peyrefitte 2419:d'Ornellas 2394:de Maistre 2304:Brunetière 2279:de Benoist 2132:Patriotism 2106:Monarchism 2035:Principles 2002:Legitimism 1929:Ideologies 1848:civil laws 1832:civil code 1408:Clemenceau 1260:Principles 1241:Jacobinism 1066:manuscript 757:free trade 741:department 691:guillotine 557:aristocrat 481:Liberalism 399:magistrate 391:Profession 380:Alma mater 297:1805-07-29 15729:Millerand 15694:Doumergue 15684:Bourgeois 15679:Doumergue 15644:Bourgeois 15624:Bourgeois 15619:Berthelot 15579:Freycinet 15564:Fallières 15554:Freycinet 15539:Freycinet 15446:Thouvenel 15353:Lamartine 15242:Mortemart 15197:Dessolles 15113:Champagny 15075:Delacroix 15060:Deforgues 15027:Chambonas 15017:Dumouriez 15007:Montmorin 14997:Montmorin 14992:Vergennes 14982:Aiguillon 14942:Puisieulx 14922:Chauvelin 14285:Leviathan 14265:Monarchia 14259:(c. 1274) 14094:Oakeshott 14039:Mansfield 14034:Luxemburg 14019:Kropotkin 13914:Bernstein 13867:centuries 13781:Nietzsche 13724:Jefferson 13652:Condorcet 13600:centuries 13579:Pufendorf 13444:Marsilius 13331:Confucius 13316:Aristotle 13309:Antiquity 13237:Noble lie 13157:Third Way 13152:Socialism 13077:Feudalism 13032:Communism 13012:Anarchism 12991:Theocracy 12976:Oligarchy 12956:Democracy 12941:Autocracy 12855:Pluralism 12840:Obedience 12805:Hierarchy 12765:Authority 12696:Sociology 12646:Historism 12355:Santayana 12325:Oakeshott 12295:MacIntyre 12280:Kropotkin 12255:Heidegger 12108:centuries 12022:Nietzsche 11987:Jefferson 11972:Helvétius 11937:Condorcet 11900:centuries 11884:Montaigne 11707:Confucius 11697:Augustine 11614:Worldview 11508:Modernity 11481:Formation 10976:de Valera 10936:Salisbury 10881:Netanyahu 10836:Macdonald 10806:Kaczyński 10786:de Gaulle 10746:Churchill 10726:Bolsonaro 10711:Andreotti 10551:Santayana 10516:Oakeshott 10476:Mansfield 10356:Coleridge 10306:Bainville 10290:Tradition 10225:Orthodoxy 10044:Authority 9995:Australia 9958:Reaganism 9948:Old Right 9931:Tea Party 9921:Fusionism 9807:Herrerism 9769:Guatemala 9616:Argentina 9555:Miguelist 9551:Portugal 9430:Powellism 9354:Integrism 9342:Francoism 9318:Alfonsism 9241:Sarmatism 9131:Socialist 9069:Sarkozysm 9055:Orléanism 8975:Chiangism 8965:Singapore 8938:Hong Kong 8889:New Right 8817:Religious 8724:Chiangism 8682:Religious 8667:Pragmatic 8603:by region 8500:Anarchist 8298:Roosevelt 8268:Ståhlberg 8263:Venizelos 8218:Sarmiento 8208:Gladstone 8168:Lamartine 8138:Jefferson 7991:Martineau 7941:De Gouges 7926:Condorcet 7911:Priestley 7827:Australia 7743:Nicaragua 7564:Macedonia 7554:Lithuania 7505:Orléanist 7372:Hong Kong 7311:By region 7280:Christian 7275:Religious 7228:Corporate 7195:Third Way 7040:Classical 6780:Democracy 6074:750831024 5072:24 August 5041:0003-8946 4860:Epstein, 4813:Gallimard 4808:Souvenirs 4515:143728735 4390:145118465 4382:1748-6858 3969:(1856) – 3917:(1833) – 3863:'s novel 3342:Aristotle 3325:despotism 3156:(Defunct) 3131:Le Figaro 2695:de Gaulle 2670:de Bonald 2573:The Crowd 2414:d'Orcival 2289:de Bonald 2264:Bainville 2214:Muscadins 2189:Feuillant 2058:Dirigisme 2023:Sarkozysm 2016:Orléanism 1828:Karl Marx 1687:L'Opinion 1677:Le Figaro 1672:Les Echos 1597:Girondins 1438:de Gouges 1428:Fallières 1423:Doumergue 1413:Condorcet 1219:Orléanism 1209:Classical 1092:New World 992:Vincennes 920:of 1848. 687:Louis XVI 640:Louis XIV 601:sociology 577:historian 505:sociology 409:Signature 395:Historian 239:In office 183:In office 135:In office 77:In office 16208:Interior 16113:Séjourné 16103:Le Drian 16078:Kouchner 16063:Villepin 16053:Charette 16028:Cheysson 15998:Schumann 15867:Baudouin 15849:Baudouin 15839:Daladier 15829:Daladier 15794:Daladier 15749:Lefebvre 15744:Poincaré 15699:Delcassé 15664:Poincaré 15634:Delcassé 15629:Hanotaux 15614:Hanotaux 15584:Flourens 15549:Gambetta 15481:Ollivier 15461:Moustier 15436:Walewski 15388:La Hitte 15383:Rayneval 15237:Polignac 15232:Portalis 15202:Pasquier 15141:Laforest 15085:Reinhard 15002:Vauguyon 14937:Argenson 14932:Noailles 14927:Chaillou 14917:Morville 14907:Huxelles 14892:Pomponne 14877:Chavigny 14852:Villeroy 14540:Centrism 14235:Politics 14225:Republic 14194:Voegelin 14174:Spengler 14159:Shariati 14134:Rothbard 14089:Nussbaum 13989:Habermas 13964:Fukuyama 13954:Foucault 13879:Ambedkar 13856:Voltaire 13826:de Staël 13801:Rousseau 13682:Franklin 13657:Constant 13617:Beccaria 13449:Muhammad 13429:Gelasius 13414:Averroes 13388:Xenophon 13368:Polybius 13321:Chanakya 13166:Concepts 13132:Populism 13102:Localism 13087:Islamism 13072:Feminism 12971:Monarchy 12875:Property 12865:Progress 12830:Monopoly 12800:Hegemony 12709:Category 12621:Axiology 12609:See also 12400:Voegelin 12390:Spengler 12365:Shariati 12320:Nussbaum 12305:Maritain 12265:Irigaray 12245:Habermas 12210:Foucault 12195:Durkheim 12097:Voltaire 12062:de Staël 12037:Rousseau 11962:Franklin 11823:Muhammad 11808:Gelasius 11793:Avempace 11776:Medieval 11752:Polybius 11747:Plutarch 11513:Morality 11488:Ideology 11476:Identity 11385:Concepts 11311:European 11047:Islamism 11030:Hindutva 11000:Religion 10971:Vajpayee 10961:Trujillo 10956:Thatcher 10946:Stolypin 10901:Pinochet 10816:Khomeini 10811:Khamenei 10781:Fujimori 10766:Dollfuss 10756:Disraeli 10721:Bismarck 10706:Adenauer 10634:Politics 10621:Voegelin 10591:Spengler 10561:Schlegel 10526:Peterson 10486:Menéndez 10461:Leontiev 10431:Karamzin 10406:Hitchens 10176:Royalism 10081:Pro-Life 9973:Trumpism 9938:Movement 9857:Trumpism 9852:Populism 9803:Uruguay 9796:Odriismo 9745:Colombia 9699:Populism 9635:Menemism 9561:Romania 9520:Populist 9515:Metaxism 9499:Georgia 9360:Mellismo 9286:Putinism 9259:Duginism 9167:Völkisch 9097:Hegelian 9092:Agrarian 9022:Gaullism 8953:Pakistan 8948:Malaysia 8884:Ilminism 8802:Kahanism 8662:Populist 8652:National 8647:Moderate 8627:Cultural 8490:Humanism 8463:Centrism 8278:Rathenau 8253:Milyukov 8173:Macaulay 8143:Kołłątaj 8114:Kymlicka 8094:Friedman 8039:Cassirer 8029:Hobhouse 7966:Constant 7961:Humboldt 7921:Beccaria 7886:Rousseau 7881:Voltaire 7753:Paraguay 7733:Honduras 7718:Colombia 7674:Whiggist 7664:Muscular 7614:Slovenia 7609:Slovakia 7589:Portugal 7542:Liberism 7465:Bulgaria 7404:Chinilpa 7351:Zimbabwe 7223:Cultural 7138:National 7069:Georgist 7047:Economic 6930:Property 6893:Positive 6888:Negative 6844:Religion 6822:Economic 6795:Equality 6539:Dream On 6479:Concepts 6247:LibriVox 5956:Academia 5720:Archived 5367:25166254 5286:Archived 5236:Archived 5207:Le Monde 4927:(1840). 4815:, 1999). 4763:Archived 4634:12 April 4028:See also 3666:and the 3517:period. 3445:Puritans 3145:Le Point 3117:La Croix 3096:Éléments 3063:Hussards 2772:Pompidou 2757:Poincaré 2747:Pécresse 2737:Maréchal 2732:MacMahon 2513:The Pope 2459:Veuillot 2379:Lemaître 2374:Lefebvre 2299:Bruckner 2127:Nativism 1992:Royalism 1956:Gaullism 1940:Integral 1902:a series 1704:L'Aurore 1682:Le Monde 1592:Jacobins 1494:Voltaire 1479:Poincaré 1433:Gambetta 1418:Constant 1369:Lumières 1231:National 1226:Economic 1214:Orthodox 1174:a series 1131:equality 1038:Normandy 1000:Bourbons 809:Montreal 745:Valognes 685:of King 646:ideals. 561:diplomat 323:, France 306:, France 272:Valognes 16232:Finance 16108:Colonna 16098:Ayrault 16068:Barnier 16058:Védrine 16038:Raimond 15940:Bidault 15935:Schuman 15930:Bidault 15907:Bidault 15877:Flandin 15844:Reynaud 15834:Reynaud 15809:Flandin 15799:Barthou 15784:Herriot 15779:Tardieu 15764:Herriot 15754:Herriot 15734:Leygues 15719:Barthou 15704:Viviani 15689:Viviani 15669:Jonnart 15639:Rouvier 15604:Develle 15594:Spuller 15559:Duclerc 15524:Decazes 15514:Rémusat 15486:Gramont 15441:Baroche 15403:Baroche 15398:Brénier 15368:Bastide 15358:Bastide 15295:Bresson 15265:Jourdan 15118:Bassano 15022:Naillac 15012:Lessart 14952:Rouillé 14897:Croissy 14882:Brienne 14862:Sillery 14647:seat 18 14577:Statism 14490:Elitism 14448:Related 14249:(51 BC) 14179:Strauss 14154:Scruton 14149:Schmitt 14139:Russell 14059:Michels 14054:Maurras 14049:Marcuse 14009:Kautsky 13979:Gramsci 13974:Gentile 13944:Dworkin 13934:Du Bois 13929:Dmowski 13924:Chomsky 13919:Burnham 13904:Benoist 13874:Agamben 13841:Thoreau 13831:Stirner 13821:Spencer 13766:Mazzini 13756:Maistre 13751:Madison 13746:Le Play 13677:Fourier 13642:Carlyle 13622:Bentham 13612:Bastiat 13607:Bakunin 13584:Spinoza 13574:Müntzer 13544:Leibniz 13517:Grotius 13497:Bossuet 13464:Plethon 13409:Aquinas 13378:Sun Tzu 13346:Mencius 13336:Han Fei 13107:Marxism 13067:Fascism 12900:Society 12825:Liberty 12810:Justice 12790:Freedom 12450:(44 BC) 12380:Sombart 12375:Skinner 12360:Scruton 12340:Polanyi 12315:Niebuhr 12300:Marcuse 12235:Gramsci 12230:Gentile 12190:Du Bois 12180:Deleuze 12150:Benoist 12120:Agamben 12077:Thoreau 12067:Stirner 12057:Spencer 12007:Le Play 11957:Fourier 11942:Emerson 11927:Carlyle 11912:Bentham 11889:Müntzer 11859:Erasmus 11833:Plethon 11828:Photios 11788:Aquinas 11722:Mencius 11690:Ancient 11623:Schools 11503:Loyalty 11461:History 11449:Counter 11444:Culture 11412:Customs 11138:Related 10986:Zemmour 10951:Suharto 10931:Salazar 10861:Metaxas 10856:Menzies 10851:Maurras 10771:Erdoğan 10761:Dmowski 10736:Canning 10731:GW Bush 10601:Strauss 10571:Scruton 10566:Schmitt 10556:Savigny 10541:Rivarol 10511:Novalis 10481:Maurras 10471:Maistre 10456:Le Play 10421:Johnson 10341:Carlyle 10336:Burnham 10311:Barruel 10198:Customs 10166:Loyalty 10098:Elitism 9987:Oceania 9874:Toryism 9784:Peruvia 9757:Uribism 9751:Rojismo 9681:Janismo 9594:Ukraine 9532:Iceland 9527:Hungary 9495:Finland 9490:Denmark 9478:Belgium 9473:Austria 9440:Toryism 9390:Kingdom 9366:Maurism 9323:Carlism 9279:Tsarism 9230:Kaczyzm 9084:Germany 8843:Minzoku 8807:Zionism 8642:Liberal 8601:Schools 8318:Jenkins 8313:Kennedy 8303:Pearson 8288:Einaudi 8273:Gokhale 8233:Itagaki 8228:Naoroji 8223:Mommsen 8203:Lincoln 8193:Mazzini 8178:Kossuth 8163:Broglie 8158:Bolívar 8153:Artigas 8148:Madison 8009:Spencer 7996:Emerson 7986:Bastiat 7971:Ricardo 7931:Bentham 7871:Spinoza 7832:Small-l 7820:Oceania 7763:Uruguay 7728:Ecuador 7696:Bolivia 7669:Radical 7639:Ukraine 7594:Romania 7569:Moldova 7527:Hungary 7517:Germany 7512:Georgia 7495:Finland 7490:Estonia 7485:Denmark 7470:Croatia 7460:Belgium 7455:Austria 7450:Armenia 7445:Albania 7346:Tunisia 7336:Senegal 7331:Nigeria 7292:Secular 7285:Islamic 7074:Radical 7032:Schools 6935:Private 6883:Liberty 6817:Freedom 6236:at the 6030:(ed.). 5972:(eds), 5769:23 June 5615:op.cit. 5328:1405738 5115:23 June 4979:23 June 4237:French: 4123:General 4023:, 1835. 3703:Kabylia 3552:In his 3481:in the 3470:Liberia 3363:entails 3152:Présent 3042:Civitas 3016:Defunct 2879:Defunct 2819:Parties 2807:Zemmour 2792:Schuman 2787:Sarkozy 2762:Poisson 2742:Messmer 2727:Malraux 2722:Maurras 2665:Bellamy 2409:Maurras 2389:Madiran 2384:Le Play 2339:Dumézil 2294:Boutang 2274:Barruel 2169:History 2065:Elitism 1864:egotism 1850:of the 1738:Laïcité 1506:Parties 1455:(early) 1403:Brissot 1398:Bastiat 1332:History 1301:Laicism 1236:Radical 1203:Schools 1135:manners 1127:liberty 998:of the 923:Led by 789:Travels 707:prefect 497:History 373: 365: 16093:Fabius 16008:Jobert 15965:Pleven 15960:Pineau 15882:Darlan 15824:Bonnet 15814:Delbos 15769:Briand 15759:Briand 15739:Briand 15724:Pichon 15709:Briand 15674:Pichon 15659:Selves 15654:Cruppi 15649:Pichon 15589:Goblet 15408:Turgot 15363:Bedeau 15335:Guizot 15330:Thiers 15310:Thiers 15275:Maison 15260:Bignon 15169:Bignon 15070:Herman 15065:Goujon 14987:Bertin 14957:Bernis 14912:Dubois 14887:Lionne 14789:(2021) 14781:(1990) 14773:(1978) 14765:(1952) 14757:(1929) 14749:(1918) 14741:(1901) 14733:(1862) 14725:(1860) 14717:(1841) 14709:(1803) 14701:(1770) 14693:(1734) 14685:(1714) 14677:(1702) 14669:(1650) 14661:(1634) 14439:(1992) 14429:(1971) 14419:(1951) 14409:(1945) 14399:(1944) 14389:(1929) 14379:(1859) 14369:(1848) 14349:(1820) 14339:(1791) 14329:(1790) 14319:(1762) 14309:(1748) 14299:(1689) 14289:(1651) 14279:(1532) 14269:(1313) 14199:Walzer 14189:Taylor 14144:Sartre 14109:Popper 14104:Pareto 14099:Ortega 14084:Nozick 14074:Mouffe 14024:Laclau 13984:Guénon 13969:Gandhi 13909:Berlin 13899:Bauman 13894:Badiou 13884:Arendt 13851:Tucker 13741:Le Bon 13702:Herder 13692:Haller 13687:Godwin 13672:Fichte 13667:Engels 13662:Cortés 13632:Bonald 13589:Suárez 13564:Milton 13554:Luther 13527:Hobbes 13512:Filmer 13502:Calvin 13487:Boétie 13480:period 13459:Ockham 13326:Cicero 13127:Nazism 12915:Utopia 12890:Rights 12880:Regime 12850:People 12835:Nation 12641:Ethics 12600:(2010) 12590:(1991) 12580:(1990) 12570:(1987) 12560:(1987) 12550:(1979) 12540:(1976) 12530:(1967) 12520:(1964) 12510:(1949) 12500:(1935) 12490:(1930) 12470:(1756) 12460:(1486) 12405:Walzer 12395:Taylor 12385:Sowell 12370:Simmel 12335:Pareto 12330:Ortega 12240:Guénon 12225:Gehlen 12220:Gandhi 12175:Debord 12160:Butler 12155:Berlin 12145:Bauman 12135:Badiou 12125:Arendt 12115:Adorno 12047:Ruskin 12002:Le Bon 11977:Herder 11952:Fichte 11947:Engels 11917:Bonald 11907:Arnold 11879:Milton 11874:Luther 11854:Calvin 11732:Origen 11702:Cicero 11662:Social 11598:Family 11593:Values 11554:Rights 11518:Public 11466:Honour 11397:Anomie 11392:Agency 11267:Europe 10926:Reagan 10911:Powell 10871:Mobutu 10846:Marcos 10826:Le Pen 10796:Horthy 10791:Harper 10776:Franco 10741:Chiang 10616:Uvarov 10581:Sowell 10506:Nisbet 10501:Newman 10496:Müller 10451:Le Bon 10426:Jünger 10401:Haller 10391:Fardid 10371:Dávila 10366:Cortés 10321:Bonald 10316:Belloc 10156:Honour 9963:Social 9903:States 9901:United 9869:Social 9844:Canada 9793: 9779:Panama 9774:Mexico 9740:Belize 9657:Brazil 9584:Sweden 9572:Serbia 9547:Norway 9510:Greece 9483:Rexism 9455:Social 9388:United 9251:Russia 9216:Poland 9000:France 8991:Europe 8970:Taiwan 8958:Ziaism 8899:Turkey 8797:Jewish 8784:Israel 8687:Social 8632:Fiscal 8338:Macron 8283:Madero 8248:Deakin 8238:Levski 8213:Cavour 8198:Juárez 8188:Cobden 8119:Badawi 8109:Nozick 8089:Berlin 8079:Popper 8054:Keynes 8049:Ortega 8014:Arnold 7976:Guizot 7936:Korais 7901:Turgot 7861:Milton 7804:Modern 7779:Canada 7748:Panama 7738:Mexico 7706:Lulism 7701:Brazil 7634:Turkey 7624:Sweden 7604:Serbia 7599:Russia 7584:Norway 7549:Latvia 7522:Greece 7500:France 7475:Cyprus 7437:Europe 7427:Turkey 7387:Israel 7319:Africa 7297:Techno 7153:Social 7052:Fiscal 6947:Rights 6940:Public 6849:Speech 6827:Market 6800:Gender 6542:(2015) 6534:(2010) 6471:(1856) 6344:14 May 6324:14 May 6300:14 May 6285:14 May 6158: 6072: 6064: 6054: 5904: 5875: 5650: 5593: 5583: 5365: 5326: 5140: 5039: 4941: 4907: 4550:25 May 4541: 4513: 4476: 4443: 4388: 4380: 4230:TO(H)K 3957: 3903: 3885: 3162:Minute 2951:Active 2823:Active 2752:Pétain 2685:Ciotti 2647:(2015) 2637:(2014) 2627:(2006) 2617:(1983) 2607:(1972) 2597:(1945) 2587:(1905) 2577:(1895) 2567:(1882) 2557:(1864) 2547:(1855) 2537:(1835) 2527:(1821) 2517:(1819) 2507:(1802) 2497:(1797) 2487:(1796) 2404:Massis 2369:Le Bon 2344:Guénon 2329:Freund 2319:Daudet 2309:Carrel 2269:Barrès 2136: 1698:Former 1657:BFM TV 1652:Active 1617:(1871) 1611:(1848) 1571:Former 1510:Active 1484:Thiers 1459:Macron 1382:People 1248:Social 738:Manche 575:, and 476:School 465:Region 446:(1856) 439:(1835) 403:jurist 356:Spouse 321:Cannes 231:Manche 175:Manche 127:Manche 16088:Juppé 16048:Juppé 16043:Dumas 16033:Dumas 15993:Debré 15955:Pinay 15950:Faure 15887:Laval 15872:Laval 15804:Laval 15774:Laval 15714:Ribot 15599:Ribot 15574:Ferry 15509:Favre 15325:Soult 15300:Rigny 15290:Rigny 15217:Damas 14902:Torcy 14847:Revol 14588:Index 14217:Works 14204:Weber 14169:Spann 14164:Sorel 14129:Röpke 14124:Rawls 14079:Negri 14069:Mosca 14064:Mises 14029:Lenin 13999:Hoppe 13994:Hayek 13959:Fromm 13949:Evola 13939:Dugin 13836:Taine 13816:Smith 13796:Renan 13791:Paine 13712:Iqbal 13697:Hegel 13647:Comte 13637:Burke 13549:Locke 13539:James 13492:Bodin 13424:Dante 13419:Bruni 13373:Shang 13356:Plato 12910:State 12860:Power 12845:Peace 12780:Elite 12758:Terms 12438:Works 12425:Žižek 12410:Weber 12350:Röpke 12310:Negri 12290:Lasch 12260:Hoppe 12215:Fromm 12205:Evola 12185:Dewey 12165:Camus 12072:Taine 12052:Smith 12042:Royce 12032:Renan 11967:Hegel 11932:Comte 11922:Burke 11869:Locke 11803:Dante 11798:Bruni 11767:Xunzi 11742:Plato 11737:Philo 11717:Laozi 11525:Mores 11437:Multi 11427:Inter 10966:Trump 10941:Smith 10921:Putin 10886:Orbán 10701:Adams 10606:Taine 10596:Stahl 10586:Spann 10546:Röpke 10536:Renan 10531:Ranke 10466:Lewis 10416:Iorga 10396:Gentz 10386:Evola 10381:Eliot 10361:Comte 10331:Burke 10203:Mores 10188:Norms 9953:Paleo 9926:Paleo 9733:Other 9709:Chile 9466:Other 9403:Civic 9310:Spain 9179:Italy 9143:Young 8943:India 8926:Other 8834:Japan 8716:China 8697:Ultra 8637:Green 8522:Right 8333:Obama 8308:Ohlin 8243:Kemal 8099:Rawls 8074:Hayek 8064:Čapek 8044:Mises 8034:Croce 8024:Weber 8019:Acton 7951:Staël 7916:Paine 7906:Burke 7891:Smith 7866:Locke 7713:Chile 7619:Spain 7532:Italy 7402:Anti- 7392:Japan 7377:India 7367:China 7326:Egypt 7204:Other 7161:Green 6839:Press 6832:Trade 6805:Legal 6761:Ideas 6694:Other 6609:Ideas 6452:Books 6026:. In 5504:, in 5363:JSTOR 5324:JSTOR 5048:(PDF) 5023:(PDF) 4511:S2CID 4386:S2CID 4160:Notes 3921:with 3873:Works 3710:Arabs 3090:CNews 3084:Media 2700:Juppé 2464:Ye'or 2449:Taine 2444:Rueff 2434:Renan 2399:Morel 1852:state 1648:Media 1443:Grévy 1388:Alain 1028:Death 868:Arabs 367:( 363: 304:Paris 15912:Blum 15476:Daru 15315:Molé 15270:Molé 14119:Rand 14114:Qutb 14014:Kirk 13889:Aron 13806:Sade 13786:Owen 13771:Mill 13761:Marx 13729:Kant 13707:Hume 13569:More 13469:Wang 13351:Mozi 12775:Duty 12420:Zinn 12415:Weil 12285:Land 12270:Kirk 12130:Aron 12087:Vico 12027:Owen 12017:Mill 12012:Marx 11992:Kant 11982:Hume 11727:Mozi 11432:Mono 11284:Neo- 10906:Pitt 10891:Park 10876:Modi 10821:Kohl 10491:More 10436:Kirk 10411:Hume 10093:Duty 9889:Pink 9879:Blue 9764:Cuba 9445:High 8756:Iran 8707:Asia 8517:Left 8293:King 8183:Deák 8084:Aron 8004:Mill 7981:List 7896:Kant 7758:Peru 7723:Cuba 7382:Iran 7360:Asia 7143:Ordo 7101:Whig 6346:2012 6326:2012 6302:2012 6287:2012 6267:2023 6156:ISBN 6070:OCLC 6062:LCCN 6052:ISBN 6036:SAGE 5902:ISBN 5873:ISBN 5836:and 5771:2012 5648:ISBN 5591:OCLC 5581:ISBN 5224:See 5138:ISBN 5117:2012 5074:2016 5037:ISSN 4981:2012 4939:OCLC 4905:ISBN 4745:2023 4636:2021 4582:2010 4552:2017 4539:ISBN 4474:ISBN 4441:ISBN 4378:ISSN 4232:-vil 3955:ISBN 3901:ISBN 3883:ISBN 3622:and 3361:and 3344:and 2429:Pujo 2324:Faye 1866:and 1826:and 1515:Agir 1448:Hugo 1393:Aron 1129:and 1102:and 811:and 726:Metz 715:Metz 705:and 703:peer 673:Life 603:and 311:Died 287:Born 229:for 173:for 16268:War 14184:Sun 14044:Mao 12920:War 12815:Law 12250:Han 12200:Eco 11306:New 10981:Zia 10831:Lee 10696:Abe 9943:Neo 9884:Red 9450:Red 9420:Neo 8849:Neo 8812:Neo 8739:New 8734:Neo 8104:Sen 7956:Say 7057:Neo 6600:by 6245:at 6227:at 6044:doi 5950:". 5538:in 5394:doi 5355:doi 5316:doi 5181:In 4935:116 4897:doi 4503:doi 4470:188 4370:doi 4286:104 3778:'s 1084:In 1068:of 1014:). 904:by 846:to 815:in 713:in 626:'s 455:Era 125:of 16318:: 8069:Hu 6336:. 6312:. 6277:. 6210:. 6083:. 6068:. 6060:. 6050:. 6038:; 5846:. 5718:. 5634:^ 5624:. 5612:, 5589:. 5524:. 5478:^ 5468:. 5445:^ 5435:. 5406:^ 5388:. 5384:. 5361:. 5351:41 5349:. 5345:. 5322:. 5312:25 5310:. 5306:. 5259:^ 5234:. 5204:. 5090:. 5056:^ 5033:50 5031:. 5025:. 5010:^ 4937:. 4903:. 4853:^ 4837:^ 4798:^ 4761:. 4736:. 4674:^ 4627:. 4568:. 4523:^ 4509:. 4499:30 4497:. 4472:. 4427:^ 4415:. 4398:^ 4384:. 4376:. 4366:60 4364:. 4360:. 4333:^ 4315:^ 4294:^ 4235:, 4208:oʊ 3852:. 3762:. 3485:: 3464:: 2565:" 1904:on 1854:. 1176:on 1098:, 1076:c. 1074:, 1040:. 965:. 774:. 717:. 607:. 571:, 567:, 563:, 559:, 531:, 527:, 523:, 519:, 503:, 499:, 401:, 397:, 369:m. 16147:e 16140:t 16133:v 14823:e 14816:t 14809:v 14636:e 14629:t 14622:v 12743:e 12736:t 12729:v 11370:e 11363:t 11356:v 8586:e 8579:t 8572:v 6744:e 6737:t 6730:v 6588:e 6581:t 6574:v 6437:e 6430:t 6423:v 6348:. 6328:. 6304:. 6289:. 6269:. 6162:. 6076:. 6046:: 5958:) 5908:. 5879:. 5840:. 5825:. 5773:. 5726:. 5656:. 5628:. 5597:. 5530:. 5472:. 5439:. 5400:. 5396:: 5390:8 5369:. 5357:: 5330:. 5318:: 5146:. 5119:. 5076:. 5005:. 4983:. 4945:. 4913:. 4899:: 4832:. 4780:. 4747:. 4638:. 4584:. 4554:. 4517:. 4505:: 4482:. 4449:. 4392:. 4372:: 4288:. 4223:/ 4220:l 4217:ɪ 4214:v 4211:k 4205:t 4202:ˈ 4199:, 4196:l 4193:ɪ 4190:v 4187:k 4184:ɒ 4181:t 4178:ˈ 4175:/ 3961:. 3925:. 3307:e 3300:t 3293:v 2561:" 1810:e 1803:t 1796:v 743:( 299:) 295:( 34:. 20:)

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