17:
130:(1192)—belonged entirely to the temporal jurisdiction of the Roman church. Celestine had not openly claimed authority in imperial or ducal Tuscany, but Innocent was prepared to extend papal claims to cover all of Tuscany. (The Tuscan duchy corresponded to old "Lombard" Tuscany, while papal Tuscany was "Roman", or suburbicarian, Tuscany—a distinction going back to the eighth century.) He thus revoked the interdict on Pisa and persuaded
108:
The real objective of the league was to secure for its members control of their respective regions. War was to be made on any city, town, count or bishop who refused to join the league when asked to do so, yet none were allowed to join without recognising their "legitimate" overlords, which in
68:
in alliance with the papacy. Its members swore not to make any alliances without papal approval, nor to make any peace or truce "with any emperor, king, prince, duke or margrave" without the approval of the rectors of the league. The original signatories were the communes of
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not to join. He sent
Pandulf and Bernard back to try to negotiate the submission of the Tuscan cities and barons to him. Seven months of negotiations failed and Innocent was forced to accept the Tuscan League, even threatening Pisa with a renewed interdict.
61:
20:
Chapel of San
Genesio, inside of the archaeological area of the ancient Borgo San Genesio, seat of the founding oath of the Tuscan League
316:
124:, condemned the Tuscan League as a dishonorable interference in the affairs of Tuscany, which he now claimed—on the basis of the
296:
321:
33:
311:
326:
276:
306:
301:
90:
278:
The Two First
Centuries of Florentine History: The Republic and Parties at the Time of Dante
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practice usually meant recognising one of the communes as lord. An exception was made for
8:
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65:
53:
121:
78:
70:
57:
272:
250:
Moore, John C. (1994) . "Sardinia and the Papal State". In Powell, James M. (ed.).
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41:
37:
290:
126:
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64:, cardinal priest of San Pietro in Vincoli. It was directed against the
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254:(2nd ed.). Catholic University of America Press. pp. 157–72.
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16:
135:
131:
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The
Republic of St Peter: The Birth of the Papal State, 680–825
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82:
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185:
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168:
155:
153:
151:
243:
Pope
Innocent III, 1160/61–1216: To Root Up and to Plant
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165:
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Innocent III: Vicar of Christ or Lord of the World?
260:
209:
197:
288:
234:The Papacy, 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation
36:by the chief cities, barons and bishops of the
81:, the people living under the castles of
60:, cardinal priest of Santi Apostoli, and
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174:
15:
271:
191:
289:
113:, since there were many claims on it.
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249:
240:
215:
203:
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32:, was formed on 11 November 1197 at
267:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
13:
14:
338:
317:12th-century military alliances
1:
297:1197 establishments in Europe
236:. Cambridge University Press.
101:refused and was placed under
259:Noble, Thomas F. X. (1984).
42:Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
7:
56:and his two papal legates:
52:The league was the work of
40:shortly after the death of
10:
343:
224:
47:
322:Medieval history of Italy
232:Robinson, I. S. (1990).
142:
241:Moore, John C. (2003).
44:on 27 September 1197.
97:joined on 2 December;
21:
91:bishopric of Volterra
30:League of San Genesio
19:
312:Republic of Florence
28:, also known as the
327:History of Tuscany
281:. T. Fisher Unwin.
194:, pp. 158–63.
162:, pp. 159–60.
116:Shortly after the
66:Holy Roman Emperor
54:Pope Celestine III
22:
307:Republic of Siena
302:Republic of Lucca
273:Villari, Pasquale
34:Borgo San Genesio
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120:, the new pope,
118:election of 1198
38:March of Tuscany
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177:, p. 522.
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105:by Celestine.
93:. The city of
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3:
2:
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175:Robinson 1990
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127:Liber censuum
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26:Tuscan League
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192:Villari 1894
125:
122:Innocent III
115:
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51:
29:
25:
23:
87:San Miniato
291:Categories
216:Moore 2003
204:Noble 1984
160:Moore 1994
111:Poggibonsi
89:, and the
103:interdict
275:(1894).
245:. Brill.
75:Florence
225:Sources
136:Perugia
132:Viterbo
62:Bernard
58:Pandulf
48:History
95:Arezzo
143:Notes
83:Prato
79:Siena
71:Lucca
134:and
99:Pisa
85:and
77:and
24:The
293::
182:^
167:^
150:^
73:,
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