Kingdom of Sussex - Knowledge

1653: 1921:, his third son, to reunite Wessex and the eastern regions, including Sussex, into a single kingdom in 860. This occurred only after Athelberht had secured the consent of his younger brothers, Aethelred and Alfred. Though in part due to the careful cultivation of conquered regions, the establishment of an enduring "Greater Wessex" stretching along the southern coast owed much to chance, early deaths, and perhaps, to the growing recognition of the need for unity in the face of an increasing Viking threat. Sussex was never again treated as part of an eastern subkingdom but was not closely integrated with the old West Saxon provinces either. Sussex seems to have had its own ealdorman for much of the 10th century. 1726: 747:, some of whom had their boundaries confirmed by charters. The Downs were more deserted. South Saxon impact was greatest in the Weald. Along the north scarp of the Downs runs a series of parishes with land evenly distributed across the different soils to their northern boundaries; the parishes were more or less equal in area, around 4,000 acres (1,600 hectares). In the early mediaeval period, the rivers of Sussex may have acted locally as a major unifier, linking coastal, estuary and riverside communities and providing people in these areas with a sense of identity. 1272:, who afterwards became king of Kent. At this time, a new South Saxon hegemony extending from the Isle of Wight into Kent could conceivably have seen Sussex re-emerge as a regional power but the revival of Wessex ended this possibility. Eadric's rule in Kent lasted until Kent was invaded by Cædwalla who had managed to establish himself as ruler of Wessex. With his additional resources, Cædwalla once more invaded Sussex, killing Berhthun. Sussex now became for some years subject to a period of harsh West Saxon domination. According to 814:

suggests that the settlers in the oldest developed parts of Sussex were concerned not so much with east–west connections between neighbouring settlements as with north–south communication between each settlement and its outlying woodland pasture. The droving roads had an enduring effect on the pattern of Sussex settlement. When churches came to be built, an ideal site was where a drove crossed a river. Eventually traders gravitated to churches, founding villages, and in some cases market towns such as Ditchling,

69: 1201: 1126:, as it came to be known, contained a coin as recent as AD 470. Thus, Highdown cemetery would have been in use by Saxons when the hoard was buried at Patching. The settlement that used Highdown as a burial ground in the 5th century has never been identified, but White speculates that there may have been some link between Patching and Highdown, and Welch has suggested that a Romano-British community was based there and that they controlled a group of Saxon mercenaries. 1065:

names is unusual. The names of the founders, in other origin legends, seem to have British and/ or Latin roots not Old English. It is likely that the foundation stories were known before the 9th century, but the annalists manipulated them to provide a common origin for the new regime. These myths proport that the British were defeated and replaced by invading Anglo-Saxons arriving in small ships. These origin stories were largely believed right up to the 19th century.

1081: 3849: 1546: 2300: 1572:, played a prominent part in English politics. In 1009 his actions resulted in the destruction of the English fleet, and by 1011 Sussex, together with most of South East England, was in the hands of the Danes. In an early example of local government reform, the Anglo-Saxon ealdormanries were abolished by the Danish kings and replaced with a smaller number of larger earldoms. Wulfnoth Cild was the father of 2251:

England at this time. Fisher argues that slavery would have been the fate of many people of Romano-British descent at this time. By the 11th century it has been estimated that the proportion of slaves in Sussex was very low at around 4 per cent, some of the lowest rates in England; this compares with 25 per cent in Gloucestershire, 18 per cent in Hampshire and 10 per cent in Kent.

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pig-fattening and cattle-grazing country. Drovers would divide their year between their "winter house" in their parent village outside the Weald and their "summer house" in the outlying woodland pasture up to 20 miles (30 km) away. Surviving features include a close network of former droveways and surviving fragments of wood pasture, such as the Mens and Ebernoe Common near

1280:. Cædwalla also seized the Isle of Wight where he ruthlessly exterminated its population, including its royal line. According to David Dumville, Cædwalla's savage behaviour towards Sussex and the Isle of Wight can be explained by Sussex's westward expansion with assistance from Mercia at the expense of Wessex and Cædwalla was determined that this should never happen again. 1108:, near Worthing and Apple Down, 11 km (7 mi.) northwest of Chichester. The area between the Ouse and Cuckmere was believed to have been the location for the federate treaty settlement of Anglo-Saxon mercenaries. Whatever the original settlement pattern of the early Germanic settlers, their culture came to rapidly dominate the whole of Sussex. 2018:. Dill, meaning the boarded meeting place, was one of the few hundreds in Sussex that provided any accommodation. From the 10th century onwards the hundred became important as a court of justice as well as dealing with matters of local administration. The meeting place was often a point within the hundred such as a bridge (as in the bridge over the 1119:, which would indicate settlement here to the early 5th century. Subsequent excavations revealed a considerable area of Saxon buildings. Of the 22 buildings excavated, three were sunken huts, 17 are rectangular founded on individual post holes, one is represented by post holes between which are beam slots, and one by eight single large posts. 2274:

significantly more austere and limited that in kingdoms to the north. However alternative status symbols were used fully in Sussex by those with higher status. Archaeological evidence shows that luxury food items were consumed in Sussex and exuberant architectural displays were constructed, such as a cellared tower excavated at

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organisation that flourished under the Normans. The River Ouse would have been navigable at least as far north as Lewes. Armstrong argues that while Sussex was separated from much else of mainstream English experience, this should not hide the rich trade that Sussex had with other parts of Europe. By

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artefacts were present in Sussex, as they were in Kent and on the Isle of Wight, which is thought to reflect cross-Channel exchanges between Saxon Sussex and Merovingian Gaul. Assemblages such as have been found in Eastbourne show that Merovingian dress fashion had spread along the coastline of what

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From 491 until the arrival of Christianity in the 7th century, there was a dearth of contemporary written material.Because of the lack of written history before the 7th century it has made it difficult for historians to produce a definitive story. The preservation of Ælle's sons in Old English place

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After the departure of the Roman army, the Saxons arrived in Sussex in the 5th century and brought with them their polytheistic religion. The Saxon pagan culture probably caused a reversal of the spread of Christianity. Wilfrid's biographer records that in the year 666 Wilfrid's ship ran aground on

1362:. It starts off with a grant of land, at Peppering, by Nunna to Berhfrith probably for the foundation of a minster. Berhfrith transferred the land to Eolla, who in turn sold it to Wulfhere. The land then went to Beoba who passed it on to Beorra and Ecca. Finally King Osmund bought the land from his 1320:

In 710 Sussex was still under West Saxon domination when King Nothhelm of Sussex is recorded as having campaigned with Ine in the west against Dumnonia. Sussex evidently broke away from West Saxon domination some time before 722 when Ine is recorded as invading Sussex, which he repeated three years

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by the Normans in 1086, Sussex contained some of the richest and most heavily populated pockets of England on the coastal plain, albeit alongside some of England's most economically underdeveloped areas in the Weald. By this time, Sussex had a network of urban centres such that farmers were within

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The earliest recorded Viking raid on Sussex took place in 895 and it was particularly difficult for a scattered farming community to meet these sudden attacks. In 895 the population of Chichester killed many hundreds of Danes who plundered the area. Eadulf, a Saxon noble, was appointed to organise

894:

The population of Britain as a whole is likely to have declined sharply around the 4th century from around 2–4 million in AD 200 to less than 1 million in AD 300. There would have been a similarly sharp decline in the population of Sussex during this period. At the end of the 4th century

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of Sussex linked coastal and downland communities in the south with summer pasture land in the interior of the Weald. The droveways were used throughout the Saxon era by the South Saxons and probably originated before the Roman occupation of Britain. The droveways formed a road system that clearly

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may have been at least one mile broader than it is today. Before people reclaimed the tidal marshes in the 13th century the coastal plain contained extensive areas of sea water in the form of lagoons, salt marsh, wide inlets, islands and peninsulas. To the South Saxons of the 5th and 6th centuries

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According to Gabor Thomas, there are clear cultural differences between how wealth and status were expressed in South Saxon society compared with Anglo Saxon kingdoms to the north. In the kingdom of Sussex and the neighbouring kingdom of Kent the range of ornamented dress accessories metalwork is

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Wilfrid's first act after he was given land at Selsey by King Æðelwealh was to build a monastery to free 250 male and female slaves from slavery who were tied to the estate. These people were probably mainly of Romano-British descent. This is an indication of the very high percentage of slaves in

1805:

Agriculture seems to have flourished on the Sussex coastal plain and on the Sussex Downs. The fact that the Sussex coast appears to have been relatively densely settled for centuries implies that the land was being more competently farmed than was typical of the standard of the day. The Weald was

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fought against the South Saxons. Threatened by Wessex, the South Saxons sought to secure their independence by alliance with Mercia. To the South Saxons, the more distant influence and control of a king from Mercia is likely to have been preferable to that of the West Saxons. The alliance between

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suggests that Sussex was founded in the Selsey and Chichester area, however the archaeology does not support this. What the archaeology does show is that the initial settlement, of the South Saxons, was in the downland areas, between the River Ouse and River Cuckmere to the east of Sussex. From

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and his army. It is likely that all the fighting men of Sussex were at the battle, as the county's thegns were decimated and any that survived had their lands confiscated. At least 353 of the 387 manors, in the county, were taken from their Saxon owners and given to the victorious Normans by the

702:, was 120 miles (190 km) wide and 30 miles (50 km) deep (although probably closer to 90 miles (140 km) wide). It was the largest remaining area of woodland and heath in the territories that became England and was inhabited by wolves, boars and possibly bears. It was so dense that 1888:

The South Saxon kingdom remains one of the most obscure of the Anglo-Saxon polities. A few names of South Saxon kings are recorded, and the history of the kingdom is sometimes illustrated by that of other areas, but information is otherwise limited. Sussex seems to have had a greater degree of

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arrived in the kingdom of the South Saxons and remained there for five years evangelising and baptising the people. There had been a famine in the land of the South Saxons when Wilfrid arrived. Wilfrid taught the locals to fish, and they were impressed with Wilfrid's teachings and agreed to be

1095:

Archaeology gives a different settlement picture to that indicated by the South Saxon foundation story. Germanic tribes probably first arrived in Sussex earlier in the 5th century than AD 477. The archaeological evidence that we do have indicates the area of settlement by the location of

1598:. Many of the Saxon nobles grew jealous and from 1049 there was conflict between the disgruntled Saxon nobility, the king and the incoming Normans. Godwine and his second son Harold kept the peace off the Sussex coast by using Bosham and Pevensey to drive away pirates. In 1049 the murder by 708:

did not record some of its settlements. The heavily forested Weald made expansion difficult but also provided some protection from invasion by neighbouring kingdoms. Whilst Sussex's isolation from the rest of Anglo-Saxon England has been emphasised, Roman roads must have remained important

602:, replacing its king. At that time Sussex could have re-emerged into a regional power. Shortly afterwards, Cædwalla returned to Sussex, killing its king and putting its people into what Bede called "a worse state of slavery". The South Saxon clergy were put under the control of West Saxon 854:. These places grew from being sheds for animals and temporary huts for swineherders, to permanent farms, water-mills, churches and market towns. Churches in the High Weald are mostly on isolated ridge-top sites, away from the pioneer farms being established on the valley sides, as at 1834:"In the eleventh century the conception of a capital city had not yet taken a definite shape anywhere in the west. The centre of government in England was the kings' mobile court. The king was free to hold a council at any point in his realm.." In Roman times Chichester was known as 2269:

cultural influence on the kingdom of Sussex as well as the neighbouring kingdom of Kent; occasional references in Continental works suggest that Frankish kings may at one point have thought of the people of Sussex and other south eastern kingdoms as their political dependants.

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By the 680s, when Christianity was being introduced, there is no doubt that the district around Selsey and Chichester had become the political centre of the kingdom, though there is little archaeological evidence for a reoccupation of Chichester itself before the 9th century.

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decentralisation than other kingdoms. For a period during the 760s there may have been as many as four or five kings based within the territory, perhaps with each ruling over a distinct tribal territory, perhaps on a temporary basis. It seems possible that the people of the

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cemeteries of the period. The origins of the settlers can be derived by comparing the design of grave goods and pottery with the designs of similar items in the German homelands. The principal area of settlement in the 5th century has been identified as between the lower

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In 1064 Harold sailed from Bosham, from where a storm cast him up in Normandy. Here he was apparently tricked into pledging his support for William of Normandy as the next king of England. On 14 October 1066, Harold II, the last Saxon king of England was killed at the

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The legendary foundation of Saxon Sussex, by Ælle, is likely to have originated in an oral tradition before being recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. According to legend, various places took their names from Ælle's sons. Cissa is supposed to have given his name to

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records burning, plundering and manslaughter on the coast of Sussex and neighbouring counties. The most serious attacks took place in 1009, when a Viking army took up position over the winter period on the Isle of Wight and ravaged Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire.

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Offa may not have been able to maintain control in the period 776–785 but he appears to have re-established control afterwards. Mercian power collapsed in the years following Offa's death in 796, and the South Saxons re-emerged as an independent political entity.

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Despite the difficulties presented by the large forest tract of the Weald that separated Sussex from Surrey, similarities in the archaeological record from this period between Sussex and Surrey help to substantiate the claim of Ælle of Sussex to be the first

784:. North of the Forest Ridge in the Wealden forest lay the sub-kingdom of Surrey, which became a frontier area disputed by various kingdoms until it later became part of Wessex. To the south of Sussex lay the English Channel, beyond which lay Francia, or the 1856:

Before Saxon occupation of Chichester, Sussex had been annexed, by the Kingdom of Wessex, in the middle of the 7th century.It was then ruled by Mercia and after regaining its independence, it was finally annexed and then absorbed, into Wessex, in 860. The

1866:(Kingsham), south west of Chichester, and Wilfrid's religious centre in Selsey. According to Martin Welch "After the Romans left there is no evidence for the reoccupation of Chichester till the 9th century", when it was rebuilt and fortified as part of a 899:

and barbarian attack. Sussex's population around 450 is estimated to have been no more than about 25,000, rising gradually to around 35,000 by 1100. At the time of the Domesday Book in 1086, Sussex had some of the highest population densities in England.

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Royal tributes and dues were often collected at settlements known as king's tuns, often a separate place from where the royal hall of that the king would stay when in the area. Sussex has several places that are king's tuns including from west to east,

2134:, it was the last area of the country to be converted. Whilst Wilfrid is credited with the conversion of the Kingdom of Sussex to Christianity, it is unlikely that it was wholly heathen when he arrived. Æðelwealh, Sussex's king, had been baptised. 1366:

Erra and granted it to a religious woman known as Tidburgh. The charter is undated but it has been possible to date the various transactions approximately, by cross referencing people who appear both on this charter and on other charters that

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there was a decline in the birth rate across Roman Britain; this population decrease would have been exacerbated by the transfer to Continental Europe of three large armies, recruited in Britain in the last 30 years of Roman rule, as well as

575:, over the other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms south of the Humber. Historians are divided over whether or not Ælle really existed; however archaeological evidence supports the view that a short-lived expansion of South Saxon authority as far as the 1909:. Under Offa, who ruled over most of the kingdoms of the heptarchy, local South Saxon rulers were allowed to continue provided that they recognised Offa's overriding authority and some estates seem to have come into his direct possession. 1901:

and Wight to the South Saxon king Æðelwealh. Wight at least had its own ruler, Arvald, who presumably recognised the authority of the South Saxon king, Æðelwealh, and who in turn recognised the overlordship of the Mercian king, Wulfhere.

2211:. In 681, Bede records that an outbreak of the plague had devastated parts of England, including Sussex and the monks at Selsey Abbey fasted and prayed for three days for an end to the outbreak. A young boy with the plague prayed to 1916:

was for the kingdom of Wessex and the eastern regions of Sussex, Surrey, Kent and Essex to become separate kingdoms, with separate but related royal dynasties. It was only the early deaths of Aethelwulf's first two sons that allowed

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the Sussex coast near Selsey where it was attacked and a pagan priest sought to cast magic spells from a high mound. Bede also refers to a mass suicide committed by groups of 40 or 50 men who jumped from cliffs during a time of

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Complex tiers of relationships between kings and kingdoms existed. For instance in the 7th century, when Wulfhere of Mercia was trying to increase his influence over the South Saxons, he ceded control of the provinces of the

1015:. The account describes how on landing Ælle slew the local defenders and drove the remainder into the Forest of Andred. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle goes on to describe Ælle's battle with the British in 485 near the bank of 1671:

or forts to be garrisoned at the threat of danger by men drawn from the surrounding population. The development of the burhs across the southern half of England suggests a considerable awareness of a repeated problem The

1853:. After the departure of the Romans, Noviomagus appears to have been largely abandoned with the earliest Saxon find, by archaeological excavation, being a small amount of mid-Saxon pottery dated around 8th-9th century. 534:. The kingdom remains one of the least known of the Anglo-Saxon polities, with no surviving king-list, several local rulers and less centralisation than other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. The South Saxons were ruled by the 1778:. The Cissbury mint seems to have worked in close association with the mint at Chichester rather than replacing it. By the eve of the Norman conquest, there were further mints at Arundel, Pevensey and Hastings. 2411:

Her cuom Ęlle on Bretenlond 7 his .iii. suna, Cymen 7 Wlencing 7 Cissa, mid .iii. scipum on þa stowe þe is nemned Cymenesora, 7 þær ofslogon monige Wealas 7 sume on fleame bedrifon on þone wudu þe is genemned

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The coastline would have looked different from today. Much of the alluvium in the river plains had not yet been deposited and the tidal river estuaries extended much further inland. It is estimated that the

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is now Sussex, Kent and Hampshire and northern Gaul. Cemeteries at Alfriston, Highdown and Eastbourne show continuous contacts with Gaul from the first half of the 5th century until the early 7th century.

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Land divisions in the Kingdom of Sussex were sometimes different from other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and regions. By the Late Saxon period, the main administrative unit of Sussex was the district known as the

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there the South Saxons migrated to the west of Sussex and by the 680s the area between Chichester and Selsey had become the political and ecclesiastical centre of the kingdom with the kings residence in

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to extract salt from sea water. Fisheries were also important to the economy of Sussex. Lewes was an important centre of a herring industry and had to pay a rent of 38,500 herrings for its sea fisheries.

1317:, King of the Britons, in 710. According to Bede, Sussex was subject to Ine for a number of years and like Cædwalla, Ine also oppressed the people of Sussex in the same harsh way for many years. 2483:

of Chichester, Arundel, Bramber, Lewes, Pevensey and Hastings. Martlets have appeared on heraldic shields in Sussex since the 14th century. Back then it was on the coat of arms belonging to Sir

1937:. King's tuns in Anglo-Saxon England often acted as places of assembly, where the king could settle disputes or hear appeals. According to Æthelstan, the first king of England, his grandmother 1426:; he may have entered Sussex from the Kingdom of Kent, where he was already dominant. By 772 he apparently controlled the whole of the Kingdom of Sussex. Offa also confirmed two charters of 1781:

Lewes seems to have prospered with overseas trade; coins from Lewes stamped "LAE URB" travelled as far as Rome. The substantial sea-faring trade of Lewes is indicated by the payment of 20

1532:(Eadwine leader of the South Saxons), he bequeathed estates to them in his will, although the document itself has not survived. Earlier in the same year he witnessed a charter of King 1757:

that had not been clipped, so coin-clipping had probably ceased by then, although the coinage had probably collapsed decades earlier than this, after Roman rule in Britain collapsed.

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The early hundreds often lacked the formality of later attempts of local government: frequently they met in the open, at a convenient central spot, perhaps marked by a tree, as at

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The boundaries of the Kingdom of Sussex probably crystallised around the 6th and 7th centuries. The Domesday Book lists four Mardens on the East Hampshire/ West Sussex border. The

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communication arteries across the forest of the Weald. The Weald was not the only area of Sussex that was forested in Saxon times—for example, at the western end of Sussex is the

1760:

In the first quarter of the 8th century the Kingdom of Sussex was among the kingdoms producing coinage, possibly from a mint near Selsey where the finds of coins termed Series G

2126:, landed at Selsey and is credited with evangelising the local population and founding the church in Sussex. King Æðelwealh granted land to Wilfrid which became the site of 2142:

in the Kingdom of Kent in the 650s and may indicate earlier missionary work in the first half of the 7th century. At the time of Wilfrid's mission there was a monastery at

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in the 10th or 11th centuries. It was not until 200–300 years after its conversion to Christianity in the 680s that a network of local parish churches existed in Sussex.

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reorganised England's coinage. There were mints at Chichester, Lewes and Steyning. A new mint also seems to have existed on a temporary basis in the Iron Age hillfort at

1711:, which had intramural streets running around the town walls; this allowed garrison troops to defend the town and large peripheral blocks that were left as hedged areas ( 1144:

posits that archaeological evidence, in the form of distinctive Saxon saucer brooches, suggests that Ælle's forces penetrated north as far as modern day Oxfordshire and

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There is some evidence to support the treaty hypothesis, based on the grave finds of the period. For example, the excavation of one of the cemeteries, at Rookery Hill at

594:, Sussex became the last major Anglo-Saxon kingdom to become Christian. South Saxon and Mercian forces took control of what are now east Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. 5826:

White, S; Manley, J; Jones, R; Orna-Ornstein, J; Johns, C; Webster, L (1999). "A Mid-Fifth Century Hoard of Roman and Pseudo-Roman Material from Patching, West Sussex".

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Highdown is the only 5th-century Saxon cemetery found outside the Ouse/Cuckmere area, and is 2 km from a hoard of Roman gold and silver that was found in 1997. The

2915: 1276:, the subjection reduced the kingdom of Sussex to "a worse state of slavery"; it also included placing the South Saxon clergy under the authority of Wessex through the 414: 389: 375: 2388:

between the Saxon kingdoms of Sussex and Wessex until they were conquered by the Mercian king Wulfhere and passed to King Aethelwealh of Sussex in the 7th century.

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The landscape gave rise to some key regional differences within the kingdom. The rich coastal plain continued to be the base for the large estates, ruled by their

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was buried there. Steyning was an important religious centre and St Cuthman's grave became a place of pilgrimage in the 10th and 11th centuries. According to the

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Shortly after the arrival of St Wilfrid, the kingdom was ravaged with "fierce slaughter and devastation" and Æðelwealh was slain by an exiled West Saxon prince

1576:, who was made Earl of Wessex in 1020. His earldom included Sussex. When he died in 1053, Godwin was succeeded as Earl of Wessex (including Sussex) by his son 1321:

later, killing a West Saxon exile named Ealdberht who had fled to the Weald of Sussex and Surrey and appears to have attempted to find support in Sussex. The

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killed Æðelwealh and "ravaged Sussex by fierce slaughter and devastation". The South Saxons forced Cædwalla from Sussex and were able to lead a campaign into

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provide dates. On the transaction, where Eolla has acquired the land from Berhfrith and sells it to Wulfhere , Nunna's subscription is followed by a certain

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and his prayers were answered, and a vision of St Peter and St Paul was said to have appeared to the boy, telling the boy that he would be the last to die.

2470:. These coins were also minted after Severus's death so the coin from Patching is dated in the range of 461-470 rather than to the actual reign of Severus. 2347:

The traditional year given for the creation of the Kingdom of Sussex from Bede is 477; many academics think the date was probably about 20 years earlier,

7103: 7098: 1475:, it is probable that Sussex was not annexed by Wessex until 827. The earldom of Sussex seems later to have been sometimes combined with that of Kent. 4845:"Studies in Early Anglo-Saxon Art and Archaeology:Papers in Honour of Martin G. Welch Edited by Stuart Brookes, Sue Harrington and Andrew Reynolds" 1766:

are concentrated. That a cash economy had returned by the 10th century is suggested by the various mints which became increasingly plentiful after

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said that "the evidence we have for the residences and itineraries of English kings before the Norman conquest is all too thin" and according to

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was King of Sussex, but he is known only from charters. The dates of Æðelberht's reign are unknown beyond the fact that he was a contemporary of

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The independent existence of the Kingdom of Sussex came to an end in the early 770s. In 771, King Offa of Mercia conquered the territory of the

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who was possibly Nunna's co-ruler. The other witnesses who followed Osric were Eadberht and Eolla, both who can be identified as ecclesiastics.

7220: 4661: 5720:"Hamsey, near Lewes, East Sussex=The Implications of Recent Finds of Late Anglo-Saxon Metalwork For Its Importance in the Pre-Conquest Period" 5585: 1393:, Bishop of Selsey from 733, as Sigeferth witnessed an undated charter of Æðelberht in which Æðelberht is styled Ethelbertus rex Sussaxonum. 5719: 1619: 1479:

was ruling Sussex and the other south-eastern kingdoms by 855, and succeeded to the kingship of Wessex on the death of his brother, King

1299:. There is a theory that Watt may have been a sub-king who ruled over a tribe of people centred around modern day Hastings, known as the 3869: 2150:

of the time. Wilfrid was a champion of Roman customs and it was these customs that were adopted by the church in Sussex rather than the

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Biddle, Martin (1981). "Capital at Winchester'". In Roesdahl, Else; Graham-Campbell, James; Connor, Patricia; Pearson, Kenneth (eds.).

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may have been an important regional centre for a large part of central Sussex between the Rivers Adur and Ouse until the founding of

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he saw a vision and stopped there to build a church. Cuthman was venerated as a saint and his church was in existence by 857 when

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the minster church at Steyning, as well as confirming land existing land grants at Hastings, Rye and Winchelsea. To his chaplain,

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There is another charter, that is thought to be genuine, that records a series of transactions of a piece of land near modern-day

621:, Sussex regained its independence but was annexed by Wessex around 827 and was fully absorbed into the kingdom of Wessex in 860. 2222:

churches across Sussex and these churches supplied itinerant clergy to surrounding districts. Other examples include churches at

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rivers in East Sussex, based on the number of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries there. However, there are two cemeteries in West Sussex at

882:(a measure of taxable value linked to land area) but in Sussex they were generally much smaller. Sussex may also have had eight 6110: 5910: 5816: 5797: 5708: 5680: 5661: 5483: 5464: 5445: 5369: 5350: 5331: 5312: 5114: 5076: 5057: 5038: 5019: 4968: 4945: 4926: 4903: 4884: 2922: 2520: 1009:, a collection of seven vernacular manuscripts, commissioned in the 9th century, some 400 years or more after the events at 6293: 5929: 2082: 2238:. The jurisdiction of each minster church in the pre-Viking era seems to match early land divisions that were replaced by 6326: 2191:

and had been reduced to begging set out from his home with his disabled mother using a one-wheeled cart. When he reached

1622:. When they returned in 1052 to an enthusiastic welcome in the Sussex ports, Edward had to reinstate the Godwine family. 124: 3572: 1736:

were used throughout the Saxon period to transport pigs and cattle between coastal areas and summer pasture in the Weald

5642: 5574: 5175: 5137: 1061:, however there is no archaeological evidence to support the existence of Ælle and his three sons in the Selsey area. 7005: 6219: 5891: 5872: 5774: 5757: 5623: 5555: 5536: 5505: 5426: 5407: 5388: 5281: 5262: 5243: 5215: 5194: 5156: 5095: 4996: 3819: 2824: 2515: 5961: 1652: 4539:"'The borough of Lewes: Introduction and history', A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 7: The rape of Lewes" 661:

in the Meon Valley in east Hampshire. From the late 8th century, Sussex seems to have absorbed the Kingdom of the

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Dumville, David N (1997). "The Terminology of Overkingship in Early Anglo-Saxon England". In Hinds, John (ed.).

3598:. p.26."..is without doubt a forgery and not an innocent 10th century copy of a genuine eighth-century charter." 1751:

hoard of coins represents the earliest early mediaeval coins found in Britain. The hoard includes five imported

7200: 6105: 5978: 2510: 1826:

At the time of the South Saxons it is unlikely that they would have had a capital in Sussex. The archaeologist

1586:, who had spent much of his early life in exile in Normandy, was pro-Norman and in Sussex gave to the abbot of 582:

For much of the 7th and 8th centuries, Sussex suffered invasion attempts by the kingdom of Wessex to its west.

514:, meaning "(land or people of/Kingdom of) the South Saxons"), was one of the seven traditional kingdoms of the 1725: 7056: 903:

Approximate populations of Sussex towns shortly after the end of the Saxon period in 1086 at the time of the

1438:, as a witness. It is probable that about this time Offa annexed the kingdom of Sussex, as several persons, 878:, which served as taxation and administrative districts. In England generally these contained a nominal 100 5455:

Livitt, Patricia (1990). "The Origin of Village Study and Gazetteer". In Down, Alex; Welch, Martin (eds.).

3460: 2239: 2135: 1850: 1615: 1217:. On the day of the baptisms the rain fell on the "thirsty earth", so ending the famine. Æðelwealh gave 87 17: 1469:, and from this time they remained subject to the West Saxon dynasty. According to Heather Edwards in the 635:

The Kingdom of Sussex had its initial focus in a territory based on the former kingdom and Romano-British

7195: 6267: 4712: 1938: 1912:

In the 9th century, Sussex was ruled by the West Saxons. It would appear that the ultimate intention of

7190: 7072: 6480: 6475: 6465: 6252: 6154: 6115: 6080: 5567:

Kingship and Consent in Anglo-Saxon England, 871-978: Assemblies and the State in the Early Middle Ages

3199: 2505: 1893:

may have had their own ruler for a while, and another sub-division may have been along the River Adur.

1883: 1351:

as a witness. However, the charter is now believed to have been a 10th- or early-11th-century forgery.

830:. Different names existed for the swine pastures in different parts of Sussex. In the territory of the 713:, which in the modern era is largely deforested, but the name is probably derived from the Old English 145: 68: 5635:

Perceptions of the Prehistoric in Anglo-Saxon England: Religion, Ritual and Rulership in the Landscape

2323:

on a blue field. was attributed to the Kingdom of Sussex later in a work called "Saxon Heptarchy" by

1953:

near Chichester). Ælfthryth may have brought up her grandchildren, the sons of Æthelred of Wessex, at

6520: 6455: 6001: 2997: 2480: 2019: 1705:

The rectilinear street plan of Chichester is typical of the towns which developed from the fortified

875: 867: 777: 6644: 6589: 4668: 7215: 7049: 6604: 6460: 6159: 3461:"S. E. Kelly, 'Kings of the South Saxons (act. 477–772)'in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" 2275: 2235: 2147: 2090: 2022:

in Rotherbridge hundred) or a notable tree (such as a tree called Tippa's Oak in Tipnoak hundred).

1242: 1177:

acting as his sponsor, making Æðelwealh Sussex's first Christian king. Wulfhere gave Æðelwealh the

1112: 1017: 800:

in the 9th century. By the 11th century the towns were mostly developments of the fortified towns (

569:

and his three sons arrived in three ships, conquering what is now Sussex. Ælle became overlord, or

4692: 2066:(documents affirming the grant or tenure of specified land) from Sussex survive from this period. 6319: 6272: 5291: 4716: 2002: 493: 7093: 1775: 1694: 1476: 1057:

is traditionally thought to have been located at what is now known as the Owers Rocks, south of

760:

meaning "boundary down", reflecting their position. A tributary of the River Ems rises south of

192: 6437: 6352: 5920:

Yorke, Barbara (2008). "Anglo-Saxon Origin Legends". In Barrow, Julia; Wareham, Andrew (eds.).

2312: 2223: 1950: 1946: 1573: 1500: 761: 105: 7144: 7139: 6654: 2196: 1918: 1913: 1480: 1396:

After this we hear nothing more until about 765, when a grant of land is made by a king named

1173:, king of Sussex, receiving baptism into the Christian church through the Mercian court, with 7010: 6209: 5149:

The Anglo-Saxons from the Migration Period to the Eighth Century: An Ethnographic Perspective

3915: 3893: 3777: 2637: 2406: 2212: 2162: 1985:. Placename evidence for early assemblies in Sussex comes from Tinhale (from the Old English 1858: 1631: 1005: 785: 698: 603: 394: 5185:

Gardiner, Mark (2010). "Late Saxon Sussex c.650-1066". In Leslie, Kim; Short, Brian (eds.).

4766: 4538: 3854:

One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the

3755: 3733: 3711: 3689: 3667: 3617: 3486: 2158: 1378:

Nunna's last surviving charter, which is dated 714 in error for 717, is witnessed by a King

1249: 674:

A large part of its territory was covered by the forest that took its name from the fort of

595: 6262: 5954: 4767:"A History of the County of Sussex Volume 6 Part 1 Bramber Rape (Southern Part) - Steyning" 2161:, Sussex was conquered by Cædwalla and Christianity in Sussex was put under control of the 2107: 2078: 1957:, which may have been one of the estates set aside for the benefit of the royal princes or 1835: 1813:

The Domesday Book records that by the 11th century, the unknown Rameslie in Sussex had 100

1786: 1602:

of his cousin Beorn after Beorn has been tricked in going to Bosham resulted in the entire

1583: 1533: 1508: 1427: 1386: 1379: 1284: 1277: 1238: 1170: 1048: 827: 823: 611: 583: 501: 115: 39: 1774:, which may have been refortified as a refuge during the Danish invasions in the reign of 1164:

After 491 the written history of Sussex goes blank until 607, when the annals report that

8: 6594: 6044: 3559:. p.26. W. de Gray Birch had suggested an emendation (of the date) to 725 but Kelly says 2231: 2151: 2139: 1934: 1926: 1390: 1314: 630: 519: 2157:

Shortly after Æðelwealh granted land to Wilfrid for the church, Æðelwealh was killed by

2146:

containing a few monks led by an Irish monk named Dicul, which was probably part of the

764:

and travels north to North Marden, completing the western boundary of the South Saxons.

7169: 7164: 7118: 6937: 6741: 6624: 6619: 6377: 6312: 6242: 6201: 6019: 5851: 5843: 5253:

Hawkes, Sonia Chadwick (1982). "Anglo-Saxon Kent c 425-725". In Leach, Peter E. (ed.).

5126: 4915: 2173: 2056: 1627: 1462: 1443: 1401: 1397: 1344: 1333: 1174: 1165: 1097: 855: 737: 607: 559: 543: 443: 7108: 7025: 6237: 6181: 6165: 6126: 6072: 6052: 5925: 5906: 5887: 5868: 5855: 5812: 5793: 5770: 5704: 5676: 5657: 5638: 5619: 5570: 5551: 5532: 5501: 5479: 5460: 5441: 5422: 5403: 5384: 5365: 5346: 5327: 5308: 5277: 5258: 5239: 5211: 5190: 5171: 5152: 5133: 5110: 5091: 5072: 5053: 5034: 5015: 4992: 4964: 4960: 4941: 4922: 4899: 4880: 3815: 2820: 2500: 2260: 1733: 1591: 1542:. His name was also added to a forged charter dated 956 (possibly an error for 976). 1515: 1288: 1253: 1252:. The latter was eventually expelled, by Æðelwealh's successors, two Ealdormen named 985: 769: 724: 710: 380: 7083: 2384:

territories of the Isle of Wight and the Meon Valley in modern Hampshire acted as a

2328: 566: 165: 7154: 7149: 7113: 6557: 6442: 6357: 6034: 6024: 5835: 5734: 5600: 3807: 3316: 3314: 3312: 2484: 2219: 2208: 2177: 1871: 1660: 1607: 1577: 1549: 1466: 1439: 1431: 1412: 1230: 896: 463: 5786: 5008: 7159: 7133: 7128: 7088: 6801: 6696: 6362: 6229: 6186: 6149: 6014: 6009: 5947: 5296:

The History, Antiquities and Topography of the County of Sussex. Volumes I and II

2303:

Depiction of Ælle holding a shield with a design representing Sussex, taken from

1930: 1603: 1599: 1553: 1447: 1405: 1372: 1265: 1234: 1191:

valley of present-day Hampshire). Æðelwealh also married Eabe, a princess of the

1145: 781: 599: 551: 535: 5515:

Morris, John (1965). "Dark Age Dates". In Michael Jarrett; Brian Dobson (eds.).

5257:. Vol. Research Report Number 48. London: Council for British Archaeology. 5255:

Archaeology in Kent to AD 1500: in memory of Stuart Eborall CBA Research Reports

3309: 1587: 1152:

suggests that this initial regional hegemony may have ended after the Battle of

886:

for every hide; in most of England a hide was usually made up of four virgates.

7123: 7015: 6987: 6701: 6144: 6139: 6134: 3811: 2556: 2462: 2123: 2100:. It is probable that these suicides represented sacrifices to appease the god 1906: 1867: 1846: 1673: 1519: 1416: 1348: 1325:

records a further campaign against the South Saxons by the West Saxons in 725.

1296: 1283:

Of the later South Saxon kings we have little knowledge except from occasional

1269: 1116: 1101: 1089: 871: 618: 433: 47: 6876: 6756: 2331:, the founder and first king of Sussex, holding the shield over his shoulder. 1594:, later William's Bishop of Exeter, Edward gave the harbour and other land at 651:. For a brief period in the 7th century, the Kingdom of Sussex controlled the 7184: 7030: 6836: 6826: 6806: 6796: 6609: 6567: 6382: 6288: 6090: 6029: 4877:

Late Roman silver and the end of the Empire: the Traprain Treasure in context

4875:

Abdy, Richard (2013). "The Patching Hoard". In Hunter, F; Painter, K (eds.).

4699: 3873:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 165–168. 3860: 3855: 1831: 1827: 1798: 1565: 1310: 1178: 1137: 1105: 904: 704: 652: 523: 6816: 719:

meaning "men's wood" or "common wood" indicating that it was once woodland.

6335: 5784:

Welch, Martin (1978). "Early Anglo Saxon Sussex". In Brandon, Peter (ed.).

5524: 2316: 2127: 2110:

became Sussex's first Christian king when he married Eafe, the daughter of

1790: 1545: 1329: 1226: 1200: 1141: 859: 773: 733: 728:

this coastline must have resembled their original homeland between coastal

84: 6791: 4414: 2034: 2001:

meaning assembly, so "assembly wooded hill"). There is also a location in

1767: 1649:

the defence of Sussex but died from the plague before much could be done.

647:

and its boundaries coincided in general with those of the later county of

590:

against Wessex, becoming Sussex's first Christian king. With support from

6786: 6776: 6599: 6572: 6515: 6389: 6191: 6176: 6057: 5991: 5986: 2752: 2467: 2385: 2287: 2200: 2184: 2028: 1686: 1218: 1153: 1022: 879: 815: 751: 206: 6731: 6304: 4360: 4358: 4356: 1958: 6962: 6947: 6910: 6893: 6846: 6841: 6746: 6716: 6686: 6649: 6634: 6552: 6530: 6171: 6100: 5493: 2324: 2304: 2042: 2015: 1677: 1526:

was compiled. According to the abbey's records, in which he was called

1359: 1301: 1222: 1188: 1149: 1040: 998: 929: 663: 591: 6751: 6736: 5847: 2367:

did not depend on geography alone. Regarding the Weald in particular,

2051:

took place in Sussex in the reign of Æthelstan (924-939), probably at

1159: 7041: 6977: 6972: 6957: 6922: 6866: 6851: 6831: 6811: 6761: 6726: 6711: 6706: 6614: 6525: 6427: 6338: 6257: 6247: 6062: 5417:

Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (2013).

4729: 4353: 3561:

this is still unsatisfactory since it is too late for Bishop Eadberht

2227: 2038: 1992: 1982: 1974: 1261: 1132: 1080: 1027: 793: 729: 681: 676: 571: 555: 515: 216: 5739: 5605: 2916:"Resource Assessment and Research Agenda for the Anglo-Saxon period" 2299: 1518:, Ealdorman of Sussex, is recorded in 982, because he was buried at 1511:'s reign a third part of the county was in the hands of his family. 1204:

16th-century Barnardi picture of Cædwalla granting lands to Wilfrid.

6982: 6967: 6952: 6927: 6871: 6856: 6781: 6681: 6676: 6629: 6540: 6535: 6492: 6432: 6394: 5839: 5756:. Burgess Hill, West Sussex: Sussex Living and Aiir. Archived from 5586:"Parochialization and patterns of patronage in 11th-century Sussex" 4844: 2479:

Sussex's six martlets are today held to symbolise the county's six

2207:, another saint, St Cuthflæd of Lyminster, is buried in or near to 2192: 2111: 1970: 1807: 1782: 1771: 1748: 1729: 1183: 1032: 968: 955: 819: 810: 657: 576: 3804:

The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England Appendix I

1606:

being banished. It was from Bosham in 1051 that Godwin, Sweyn and

1140:. Such unified regional commands were probably not long-lasting. 7020: 6942: 6932: 6639: 6510: 6505: 3585:

With Professor H.L. Rogers findings on why manuscript is forgery.

2320: 2266: 2188: 2119: 2063: 2037:, the first king of the English, and his councillors gathered at 1978: 1905:

The Kingdom of Sussex was an independent unit until the reign of

1840: 1814: 1762: 1753: 1681: 1504: 1492: 1450:, who had previously used the royal title, now sign with that of 1355: 1209: 883: 637: 174: 5360:

Kelly, S.E. (1994). "Bishopric of Selsey". In Mary Hobbs (ed.).

2046: 2026: 2006: 1996: 1986: 1712: 1706: 1664: 1537: 1052: 1010: 996: 849: 843: 837: 831: 801: 755: 714: 691: 685: 509: 6861: 6821: 6771: 6664: 6659: 6584: 6562: 6411: 6372: 6367: 5970: 2204: 2143: 2115: 2097: 2052: 1697:, the threat of the Danes continued — in 994 and 1000 the 1611: 1595: 1557: 1496: 1257: 1193: 1058: 648: 587: 547: 539: 407: 94: 88: 4989:

The Vikings in England, The Anglo-Viking Danish Viking Project

4980:

Archaeology in Sussex to AD 1500 : essays for Eric Holden

4978:

Bell, Martin (1978). "Saxon Sussex". In Drewett, P. L. (ed.).

565:

The foundation legend of the kingdom of Sussex is that in 477

6898: 6888: 6766: 6399: 6085: 5825: 4256: 4254: 3320: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2557:"Ecgberht [Egbert] (d. 839), king of the West Saxons" 2381: 2101: 1569: 1507:. Godwine was probably a native of Sussex, and by the end of 1363: 942: 797: 744: 643: 531: 527: 346: 5343:

Anglo-Saxon Charters VIII: Charters of Abingdon Abbey, Pt. 2

3026: 3024: 3022: 2011:

meaning a moot barrow or meeting barrow, a boundary barrow.

1115:, yielded late Roman or insular Roman metalwork including a 870:. Their origins may be earlier, possibly originating in the 614:, after which further invasion attempts from Wessex ensued. 6691: 3068: 3066: 2991:"Ditchling Historic Character Assessment Report, June 2005" 2131: 1666: 1295:) to his sister, which is witnessed by another king called 1273: 765: 680:

at modern Pevensey, and known to the Romano-British as the

668: 4251: 2451:

At Appledown 282 cremations and inhumations were recorded.

1343:

x?709) – (716 x?), was given a grant of land by King

696:, known today as the Weald. This forest, according to the 5939: 3255: 3243: 3187: 3019: 2996:(PDF). Lewes District Council. p. 13. Archived from 2969: 2967: 2441:

Cumeneshore, Cumenshore, Cimeneres horan, Cymeneres horan

1663:

almost certainly inaugurated the building of a series of

1499:, after which arose the two great forces of the house of 478: 472: 7211:

States and territories disestablished in the 9th century

5457:

The Chichester Excavations 7: Apple Down and the Mardens

5416: 5107:

The Chichester Excavations 7: Apple Down and the Mardens

4579: 4577: 4364: 4317: 4271: 4269: 3353: 3098: 3096: 3063: 2069:

By the 1060s Lewes may have been Sussex's legal centre.

2025:

It is also recorded that an England-wide Royal Council (

1789:'s fleet put to sea. This is the probable origin of the 1717:) into which fugitives from the countryside could flee. 1483:, thus bringing Sussex fully under the crown of Wessex. 5834:. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 301–315. 5419:

The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England

5124:

Drewett, Peter; Rudling, David; Gardiner, Mark (1998).

4415:"Anglo-Saxon England. Settlement - rural and town life" 4227: 4215: 4068: 4066: 4064: 3467: 3428:

Kelly.Chichester Cathedral:The Bishopric of Selsey. p.1

1991:(thing) meaning hold a meeting, so "meeting-hill") and 1676:

documents five such fortifications in Sussex — at

5767:

An Alternative History of Britain: The Anglo-Saxon Age

5123: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4329: 4203: 4056: 3175: 3139: 3108: 3083: 3081: 2964: 4667:(PDF). Chichester Harbour Conservancy. Archived from 4574: 4482: 4480: 4293: 4266: 4109: 4107: 4105: 3343: 3341: 3211: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3093: 2154:

customs that had taken root in Scotland and Ireland.

1035:) in 491 after which the inhabitants were massacred. 667:, after the region was conquered by the Mercian king 484: 481: 475: 469: 4497: 4495: 4305: 4281: 4239: 4061: 4013: 4011: 4009: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3163: 3151: 2921:(PDF). South East Research Framework. Archived from 1747:

as the kingdom of Sussex was being established, the

1635:

Conqueror, and Saxon power in Sussex was at an end.

1491:

From 895 Sussex suffered from constant raids by the

1430:, and in 772 he grants land himself in Sussex, with 772:

as being opposite the Isle of Wight. To the east at

5168:

The Anglo-Saxon Age c.400-1042 A History of England

4851: 4778: 4776: 4637: 4635: 4633: 4613: 4603: 4601: 3326: 3078: 2940: 1486: 1160:

Christianisation and loss of independence (600–860)

466: 5785: 5125: 5007: 4914: 4477: 4102: 4040: 4038: 3883:Kelly.Charters of Abingdon Abbey, Volume 2. p.581. 3338: 3120: 3053: 3051: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2371:reason lay in the peculiar economy of the region." 2218:The church built at Steyning was one of around 50 1169:Mercia and the South Saxons was further sealed by 995:The account of Ælle and his three sons landing at 842:, in the centre they were referred to as "styes" ( 4492: 4006: 3954: 3527: 3525: 3306:Leslies. An Historical Atlas of Sussex. pp. 28–29 2582: 2580: 2578: 1068: 7182: 4773: 4630: 4598: 2814: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2422:The account marks the beginning of Saxon Sussex. 1973:would have been held in Sussex, for instance at 1794:the 1060s Lewes also supported a cattle market. 780:or Kent Ditch), Sussex shared a border with the 5903:Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England 5884:Wessex: Studies in the early history of Britain 4035: 3208:, Chapter 5. "Burial practices and Structures". 3048: 2873:Early Anglo-Saxon Sussex: from Civitas to Shire 2833: 2708: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2609: 2487:and featured silver birds on a blue background. 1802:15 km to 30 km of market facilities. 1580:, who had previously been Earl of East Anglia. 558:kingdoms were ruled by them as part of the new 82:Independent kingdom (477–686, 715–771, 796–827) 7206:States and territories established in the 470s 4769:. Victoria County Histories. pp. 241–244. 3806:(PDF). Wiley Blackwell. pp. 521Fbos–538. 3522: 2575: 2083:History of Christianity in Sussex § Saxon 1874:, of Wessex, to protect against Danish raids. 1229:. The abbey eventually became the seat of the 7057: 6320: 5955: 5865:Athelred the Unready: The Ill-Counselled King 5545: 5224: 3240:Peter Brandon's. The South Saxons. pp. 23–25. 2777: 2643: 2592: 1797:By the end of the Anglo Saxon period and the 1328:According to a charter dated 775, the former 297:• Full integration into crown of Wessex 5692:The South Saxon Diocese, Selsey – Chichester 4957:Ecclesiastical History of the English People 4571:Jones. The end of Roman Britain. pp. 164–168 3997: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3302:Sally White. Early Saxon Sussex c.410-c.650 3232: 3230: 3228: 3226: 2691: 2033:) took place in Sussex on 3 April 930, when 1529:princeps Australium Saxonum, Eadwinus nomine 806:) founded in the reign of Alfred the Great. 5498:Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest 5459:. Chichester: Chichester District Council. 5397: 5324:Anglo-Saxon Charters VI: Charters of Selsey 5109:. Chichester: Chichester District Council. 4913:Asser (2004). Keyne Lapidge (Trans) (ed.). 4749: 4747: 3030: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2747: 2681: 2679: 2677: 1552:, the future king of England, shown on the 1527: 542:, probably in 827, in the aftermath of the 7064: 7050: 6327: 6313: 5962: 5948: 5271: 4830: 4260: 4149: 4084: 4044: 3990: 3988: 3653: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3515: 3513: 3436: 3434: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3042: 2867: 2865: 2636:The Latin name was used, for instance, by 2586: 2327:that dates from 1611. The depiction shows 1287:. In 692 a grant is made by a king called 1084:A coin from the Patching Hoard was a gold 67: 6334: 5738: 5675:(3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. 5604: 5290: 5104: 4893: 4589: 4583: 4486: 4113: 4029: 3979: 3967: 3948: 3575:. Diocese of Chichester Capitular Records 3565: 3443: 3291:Saxon Settlements and buildings in Sussex 3285: 3283: 3249: 3223: 2984: 2982: 2550: 2548: 2439:is, she gives the alternate spellings as 1411:In 765 and 770 grants are made by a King 579:may have taken place in the 5th century. 5862: 5689: 5473: 5362:Chichester Cathedral. An Historic Survey 5307:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 5184: 5146: 5047: 4744: 4656: 4654: 4652: 4650: 4525: 4471: 4435: 4233: 4125: 4017: 3936: 3859: 3473: 3261: 2896: 2782: 2674: 2298: 1724: 1651: 1544: 1415:, the latter one was later confirmed by 1199: 1079: 874:period. The rapes were sub-divided into 768:described the western boundary with the 5764: 5698: 5670: 5583: 5435: 5203: 5052:. Peoples of Roman Britain. Duckworth. 5028: 5005: 4794: 4782: 4758: 4753: 4641: 4624: 4607: 4335: 4221: 4161: 4096: 4072: 3985: 3648: 3632: 3601: 3543: 3519:Bede, book IV, chap. 15, 415. 3510: 3440:Bede, book IV, chap. 15, 230. 3431: 3419:Bede, book IV, chap. 13, 225. 3398: 3296: 3267: 3236:Martin Welch. Early Anglo-Saxon Sussex 3114: 3057: 3013: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2884: 2862: 2856: 2844: 2723: 2702: 2624: 2561:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2554: 2539: 2286:From the beginning of the 6th century, 2187:, a shepherd who may have been born in 2087:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England 1522:in Berkshire, where one version of the 1472:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 836:in the east, swine pastures were named 14: 7183: 7071: 6541:Bilmingas (part of south Lincolnshire) 5747: 5717: 5651: 5632: 5613: 5514: 5454: 5252: 5233: 5165: 4986: 4935: 4879:. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 4857: 4842: 4806: 4764: 4531: 4513: 4459: 4447: 4406: 4299: 4209: 4137: 4131: 4003:Horsfield. Sussex. Volume 1. pp. 77-78 3801: 3797: 3795: 3531: 3501: 3422: 3392: 3377: 3280: 3193: 3169: 3072: 2979: 2946: 2913: 2815:Cannon, John; Hargreaves, Ann (2009). 2808: 2656: 2545: 2183:In the late 7th or early 8th century, 1785:for munitions of war payable whenever 1643: 522:. On the south coast of the island of 7221:Former countries in the British Isles 7045: 6308: 5943: 5919: 5900: 5881: 5806: 5783: 5564: 5523: 5378: 5359: 5340: 5321: 5302: 5272:Higham, Nicholas; Ryan, M.J. (2013). 5236:Anglo-Saxon Towns in Southern England 5066: 4912: 4730:"History Page-Plague and Pestillence" 4647: 4559: 4501: 4400: 4388: 4376: 4347: 4311: 4287: 4275: 3834: 3458: 3359: 3217: 3205: 3181: 3157: 3145: 3133: 3087: 2973: 2958: 2802: 2735: 2685: 2668: 2603: 2521:History of local government in Sussex 2363:Whether a place-name was recorded in 1465:in 825 the South Saxons submitted to 6294:Sussex Police and Crime Commissioner 5922:Myth, Rulership, Church and Charters 5750:"Emblems of Gold in a field of blue" 5616:From Roman Britain to Norman England 5546:Phillips, C.B.; Smith, J.H. (2014). 5492: 5438:Fortifications in Wessex c. 800-1066 5085: 4977: 4954: 4874: 4818: 4323: 4245: 4197: 4185: 4173: 4057:Drewett, Rudling & Gardiner 1998 3371: 3347: 3332: 3102: 2902: 1233:, where it remained until after the 776:and the River Limen (now called the 526:, it was originally a sixth-century 5637:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4595:Higham The English Conquest. p. 79. 3792: 1933:, now part of Shoreham-by-Sea, and 1656:Remains of the burh wall at Burpham 1638: 1260:. In 686 the South Saxons attacked 990: 24: 5398:Leslie, Kim; Short, Brian (2010). 5229:. Bognor Regis: The Arundel Press. 5105:Down, Alex; Welch, Martin (1990). 2988: 2294: 2265:There is significant evidence for 1630:and the English army defeated, by 1225:to Wilfrid to enable him to found 586:formed an alliance with Christian 25: 7232: 7006:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain 6220:History of Christianity in Sussex 5769:. Pen & Sword Books Limited. 5727:Sussex Archaeological Collections 5593:Sussex Archaeological Collections 5478:. Folkestone: Dawson Publishing. 4955:Bede (1990). Farmer, D.H. (ed.). 4412: 2516:History of Christianity in Sussex 1838:and served as the capital of the 538:until the country was annexed by 5067:Darby, H.C (1987). "Geography". 4836: 4824: 4812: 4800: 4788: 4722: 4705: 4686: 4565: 4553: 4519: 4507: 4465: 4453: 4441: 4429: 4394: 4382: 4370: 4341: 4191: 4179: 4167: 4155: 4143: 4119: 4090: 4078: 4050: 4023: 3847: 2473: 1487:Ealdormanry and shire (860–1066) 1197:, a Mercian satellite province. 530:colony and later an independent 462: 412: 387: 373: 6215:Diocese of Arundel and Brighton 5345:. OUP for the British Academy. 5326:. OUP for the British Academy. 4991:. Anglo-Danish Viking Project. 4847:. Archaeopress. pp. 62–71. 3973: 3942: 3930: 3908: 3886: 3877: 3840: 3828: 3770: 3748: 3726: 3704: 3682: 3660: 3657:Kelly. Charters of Selsey. p.33 3645:Kelly. Charters of Selsey. p.31 3610: 3607:Kelly. Charters of Selsey. p.34 3588: 3549: 3537: 3479: 3386: 3365: 3036: 3007: 2952: 2890: 2878: 2850: 2817:The Kings and Queens of Britain 2796: 2741: 2729: 2454: 2445: 2425: 2416: 2400: 2397:ASC Parker MS. AD 485 and 491. 2391: 2374: 2357: 1618:, a relative of Tostig's wife, 1560:from where he set sail in 1064. 1305:and Nunna is described, in the 5569:. Cambridge University Press. 4867: 4662:"Early Medieval – AD 410-1066" 3293:, in Brandon (1978), pp. 39-40 2914:Thomas, Gabor (January 2013). 2662: 2630: 2533: 2511:Sussex in the High Middle Ages 2341: 617:Following a period of rule by 27:Kingdom of Anglo-Saxon England 13: 1: 5400:An Historical Atlas of Sussex 5187:An Historical Atlas of Sussex 2526: 2348: 2315:, sometimes referred to as a 2166: 1741: 1347:; the document included King 1337: 1070: 889: 286: 270: 254: 247: 232: 179: 59: 5234:Haslam, Jeremy, ed. (1984). 5225:Hamilton-Barr, Alec (1953). 5207:Place-Names in the Landscape 5132:. Longman Higher Education. 5088:The Chichester Excavations 3 5006:Brandon, Peter, ed. (1978). 1941:had the use of an estate at 1851:Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus 1616:Baldwin V, Count of Flanders 1313:who fought with him against 624: 7: 5548:The South East from 1000 AD 5531:. Oxford University Press. 5402:. Phillimore & Co Ltd. 5189:. Phillimore & Co Ltd. 4732:. St Peter's Church, Selsey 4713:Oxford Dictionary of Saints 2819:. Oxford University Press. 2494: 2072: 1877: 1556:riding with his knights to 1268:, in support of his nephew 754:for Marden would have been 554:, and by 927 all remaining 456:, today referred to as the 454:Kingdom of the South Saxons 36:Kingdom of the South Saxons 10: 7237: 6968:Sumortūnsǣte and Glestinga 5969: 5792:. Chichester: Phillimore. 5381:The Earliest English Kings 5364:. Chichester: Phillimore. 5303:Jones, Michael E. (1998). 5238:. Chichester: Phillimore. 5204:Gelling, Margeret (2000). 5090:. Chichester: Phillimore. 5014:. Chichester: Phillimore. 4936:Bately, J.M., ed. (1986). 4765:Hudson, T.P., ed. (1980). 3812:10.1002/9781118316061.app1 3463:. Oxford University Press. 2506:Timeline of Sussex history 2431:S. E. Kelly believes that 2258: 2254: 2245: 2178:bishop of the South Saxons 2176:was consecrated the first 2138:, a South Saxon, was made 2076: 1884:List of monarchs of Sussex 1881: 1821: 1720: 983: 979: 907:may have been as follows: 628: 612:bishop of the South Saxons 7079: 6998: 6491: 6420: 6345: 6281: 6228: 6200: 6125: 6071: 6043: 6000: 5977: 5765:Venning, Timothy (2013). 5701:The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 5699:Swanton, Michael (1996). 5690:Stephens, W.R.W. (1881). 5584:Rushton, Neil S. (1999). 5476:A Short History of Sussex 5276:. Yale University Press. 5128:The South East to AD 1000 4940:. Cambridge: D.D.Brewer. 4938:The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 4417:. University of Leicester 2875:, in Brandon (1978), p.14 2778:Phillips & Smith 2014 2563:. Oxford University Press 2555:Edwards, Heather (2004). 2307:'s 1611 "Saxon Heptarchy" 2174:Eadberht, Abbot of Selsey 1243:Council of London of 1075 1210:St Wilfrid of Northumbria 1181:and the territory of the 1117:Quoit Brooch Style buckle 655:and the territory of the 428: 352: 342: 338: 328: 318: 314: 309: 305: 295: 281:• Subject to Wessex 279: 265:• Subject to Mercia 263: 243:• Subject to Wessex 241: 226: 222: 212: 202: 198: 171: 159: 155: 143: 135: 111: 101: 78: 66: 58: 34: 6160:St Richard of Chichester 5656:. London: Random House. 5652:Seward, Desmond (1995). 5305:The End of Roman Britain 5292:Horsfield, Thomas Walker 5048:Cunliffe, Barry (1973). 4894:Armstrong, J.R. (1971). 3994:Seward. Sussex. pp. 5-7. 3275:Early Anglo-Saxon Sussex 2380:It is possible that the 2334: 2197:King Æthelwulf of Wessex 2148:Hiberno-Scottish mission 2114:, the Christian king of 2091:Anglo-Saxon Christianity 1564:In the next generation, 1495:, till the accession of 1400:, with two other kings, 1221:(an area of land) and a 1113:Bishopstone, East Sussex 161:• 477–491 or later 5901:Yorke, Barbara (2002). 5882:Yorke, Barbara (1995). 5748:Veitch, Robert (2021). 5703:. New York: Routledge. 5529:The English Settlements 5474:Lowerson, John (1980). 5029:Brandon, Peter (2006). 4717:Oxford University Press 3870:Encyclopædia Britannica 3031:Leslie & Short 2010 2748:Leslie & Short 2010 2319:, consists of six gold 2047: 2027: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1713: 1707: 1665: 1538: 1237:, when it was moved to 1053: 1021:, and his siege of the 1011: 997: 850: 844: 838: 832: 802: 756: 715: 692: 686: 510: 505: 497: 102:Official languages 43: 5863:Williams, Ann (2003). 5754:Sussex Living Magazine 5718:Thomas, Gabor (2001). 5671:Stenton, F.M. (1971). 5633:Semple, Sarah (2013). 5618:. St. Martin's Press. 5436:Lavelle, Ryan (2003). 5166:Fisher, D J V (2014). 5069:Domesday Book: Studies 5033:. London: Phillimore. 4898:. Sussex: Phillimore. 4831:Higham & Ryan 2013 4261:Higham & Ryan 2013 4150:Higham & Ryan 2013 4085:Higham & Ryan 2013 4045:Higham & Ryan 2013 3802:Keynes, Simon (2013). 3043:Higham & Ryan 2013 2587:Higham & Ryan 2013 2466:struck in the name of 2308: 2281: 1995:(from the Old English 1964: 1737: 1732:such as this one near 1684:, Lewes, Hastings and 1657: 1561: 1528: 1205: 1092: 1088:struck in the name of 606:. Only around 715 was 106:West Saxon Old English 51: 7201:825 disestablishments 7011:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 6620:Nox-gaga and Oht-gaga 6210:Diocese of Chichester 5924:. London: Routledge. 5614:Sawyer, P.H. (1978). 5440:. Osprey Publishing. 5274:The Anglo-Saxon World 4843:Soulat, Jean (2011). 4541:. 1940. pp. 7–19 3383:ASC Parker MS. AD607. 3250:Down & Welch 1990 2638:William of Malmesbury 2302: 2163:diocese of Winchester 1859:Anglo Saxon Chronicle 1728: 1699:Anglo Saxon Chronicle 1655: 1632:William the Conqueror 1548: 1524:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 1323:Anglo Saxon Chronicle 1307:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 1278:bishops of Winchester 1231:South Saxon bishopric 1203: 1083: 1006:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 786:Kingdom of the Franks 699:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 684:and to the Saxons as 395:Kingdom of Haestingas 73:Britain around AD 800 6655:Frithuwald's Sūþrīge 6263:Sussex County League 6127:Culture and heritage 5811:. English Heritage. 5807:Welch, M.G. (1992). 5565:Roach, Levi (2013). 5379:Kirby, D.P. (2000). 3507:ASC Parker MS AD 710 3459:Kelly, S.E. (2004). 2460:The coin was a gold 2203:of the 11th century 2079:Anglo-Saxon paganism 2020:western River Rother 1868:programme of defence 1836:Noviomagus Reginorum 1787:Edward the Confessor 1776:Æthelred the Unready 1695:Æthelred the Unready 1584:Edward the Confessor 1534:Ethelred the Unready 1509:Edward the Confessor 1477:Æthelberht of Wessex 1309:, as the kinsman of 120:(before 7th century) 5979:Ceremonial counties 5867:. A & C Black. 5809:Anglo-Saxon England 5673:Anglo-Saxon England 5341:Kelly, S.E (2001). 5322:Kelly, S.E (1998). 5210:. London: Phoenix. 5086:Down, Alex (1978). 4963:. London: Penguin. 4921:. Penguin Classic. 4896:A History of Sussex 4365:Lapidge et al. 2013 4326:, pp. 137–140. 3573:"Cap. I/17/1 (S43)" 3362:, pp. 138–139. 3323:, pp. 301–315. 3196:, pp. 145–185. 2793:Seward Sussex. p.76 2165:. It was not until 2140:Bishop of Rochester 1935:Kingston near Lewes 1927:Kingston by Ferring 1919:Æthelbert of Wessex 1914:Æthelwulf of Wessex 1644:Defence and warfare 1208:In 681, the exiled 848:) and in the west, 631:Geography of Sussex 619:King Offa of Mercia 520:Anglo-Saxon England 228:• Established 129:(after 7th century) 7196:477 establishments 7073:Monarchs of Sussex 6447:Lists of monarchs 6020:Rape of Chichester 6002:Historic divisions 4698:3 January 2014 at 4087:, pp. 346–347 3918:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3896:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3780:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3758:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3736:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3714:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3692:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3670:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3620:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3596:Charters of Selsey 3557:Charters of Selsey 3489:. Anglo-Saxons.net 3075:, pp. vii–ix. 3003:on 29 August 2012. 2989:Harris, Roland B. 2671:, pp. 136–140 2309: 2159:Cædwalla of Wessex 2118:. In 681 AD Saint 2062:A small number of 2005:that had the name 1738: 1658: 1628:Battle of Hastings 1620:Judith of Flanders 1562: 1467:Ecgberht of Wessex 1463:Battle of Ellandun 1334:Eadberht of Selsey 1206: 1166:Ceolwulf of Wessex 1093: 738:Schleswig-Holstein 608:Eadberht of Selsey 596:Cædwalla of Wessex 560:kingdom of England 544:Battle of Ellendun 444:South East England 91:(686–715, 827–860) 7191:Kingdom of Sussex 7178: 7177: 7039: 7038: 7026:Mercian Supremacy 6536:Spalda (Spalding) 6302: 6301: 6166:Sussex by the Sea 6096:Kingdom of Sussex 6053:South Coast Plain 5912:978-1-85264-027-9 5886:. A&C Black. 5818:978-0-7134-6566-2 5799:978-0-85033-240-7 5710:978-0-415-92129-9 5682:978-0-19-280139-5 5663:978-0-7126-5133-2 5485:978-0-7129-0948-8 5466:978-0-85017-002-3 5447:978-1-84176-639-3 5371:978-0-85033-924-6 5352:978-0-19-726221-4 5333:978-0-19-726175-0 5314:978-0-8014-8530-5 5151:. Boydell Press. 5116:978-0-85017-002-3 5078:978-0-948459-51-1 5059:978-0-71-560669-8 5040:978-0-7090-6998-0 5021:978-0-85033-240-7 4970:978-0-14-044565-7 4961:Leo Sherley-Price 4947:978-0-85991-103-0 4928:978-0-14-044409-4 4905:978-0-85033-185-1 4886:978-1-90833-202-8 4702:, British Library 4075:, pp. 776–77 3321:White et al. 1999 3264:, pp. 30–31. 3184:, pp. 15–30. 3148:, pp. 13–35. 3105:, pp. 64–69. 2976:, pp. 58–59. 2501:History of Sussex 2261:Culture of Sussex 2205:Secgan manuscript 1740:Deposited around 1734:Chanctonbury Ring 1614:and the court of 1241:by decree of the 986:History of Sussex 977: 976: 770:Kingdom of Wessex 711:Manhood Peninsula 550:was ruled by the 458:Kingdom of Sussex 450: 449: 424: 423: 420: 419: 400: 399: 381:Sub-Roman Britain 130: 121: 52:Regnum Sussaxonum 16:(Redirected from 7228: 7066: 7059: 7052: 7043: 7042: 6443:Wiglaf of Mercia 6329: 6322: 6315: 6306: 6305: 6273:Toad in the hole 6111:Local government 6106:High Middle Ages 6035:Rape of Pevensey 6025:Rape of Hastings 5964: 5957: 5950: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5931:978-0-75465120-8 5916: 5897: 5878: 5859: 5822: 5803: 5791: 5788:The South Saxons 5780: 5761: 5744: 5742: 5724: 5714: 5695: 5686: 5667: 5648: 5629: 5610: 5608: 5590: 5580: 5561: 5542: 5520: 5517:Britain and Rome 5511: 5489: 5470: 5451: 5432: 5413: 5394: 5375: 5356: 5337: 5318: 5299: 5298:. Lewes: Baxter. 5287: 5268: 5249: 5230: 5221: 5200: 5181: 5162: 5143: 5131: 5120: 5101: 5082: 5063: 5044: 5025: 5013: 5010:The South Saxons 5002: 4983: 4974: 4959:. Translated by 4951: 4932: 4920: 4917:Alfred the Great 4909: 4890: 4861: 4855: 4849: 4848: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4816: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4786: 4780: 4771: 4770: 4762: 4756: 4751: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4726: 4720: 4709: 4703: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4681: 4679: 4674:on 16 April 2016 4673: 4666: 4658: 4645: 4639: 4628: 4627:, pp. 70–71 4622: 4611: 4605: 4596: 4593: 4587: 4586:, pp. 38–40 4581: 4572: 4569: 4563: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4535: 4529: 4523: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4504:, pp. 60–61 4499: 4490: 4484: 4475: 4469: 4463: 4457: 4451: 4445: 4439: 4433: 4427: 4426: 4424: 4422: 4410: 4404: 4398: 4392: 4386: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4264: 4258: 4249: 4243: 4237: 4231: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4183: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4164:, pp. 76–77 4159: 4153: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4123: 4117: 4111: 4100: 4099:, pp. 92–93 4094: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4059: 4054: 4048: 4042: 4033: 4027: 4021: 4015: 4004: 4001: 3995: 3992: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3890: 3884: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3853: 3851: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3799: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3708: 3702: 3701: 3699: 3697: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3664: 3658: 3655: 3646: 3643: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3614: 3608: 3605: 3599: 3592: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3569: 3563: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3529: 3520: 3517: 3508: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3456: 3441: 3438: 3429: 3426: 3420: 3417: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3381: 3375: 3369: 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3336: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3307: 3300: 3294: 3287: 3278: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3252:, pp. 9–10. 3247: 3241: 3234: 3221: 3220:, pp. 9–13. 3215: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3185: 3179: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3118: 3112: 3106: 3100: 3091: 3085: 3076: 3070: 3061: 3055: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3017: 3016:, pp. 32–34 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 2995: 2986: 2977: 2971: 2962: 2956: 2950: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2927: 2920: 2911: 2900: 2894: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2869: 2860: 2854: 2848: 2842: 2831: 2830: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2791: 2780: 2775: 2750: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2727: 2721: 2706: 2705:, pp. 45–46 2700: 2689: 2683: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2641: 2634: 2628: 2622: 2607: 2601: 2590: 2584: 2573: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2552: 2543: 2537: 2488: 2485:John de Radynden 2477: 2471: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2443: 2429: 2423: 2420: 2414: 2404: 2398: 2395: 2389: 2378: 2372: 2370: 2361: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2313:emblem of Sussex 2209:Lyminster Priory 2171: 2168: 2050: 2032: 2010: 2000: 1990: 1872:Alfred the Great 1870:, instigated by 1746: 1743: 1716: 1710: 1693:In the reign of 1670: 1661:Alfred the Great 1639:Life and society 1550:Harold Godwinson 1541: 1531: 1408:, as witnesses. 1385:A little later, 1342: 1339: 1075: 1072: 1056: 1047:and Wlencing to 1028:Andredadsceaster 1014: 1002: 991:Foundation story 921:(1086 estimate) 910: 909: 853: 847: 841: 835: 805: 759: 718: 695: 689: 682:Forest of Andred 513: 491: 490: 487: 486: 483: 480: 477: 474: 471: 468: 446: 436: 416: 415: 404: 403: 391: 390: 377: 376: 370: 369: 354: 353: 291: 288: 275: 272: 259: 256: 252: 249: 237: 234: 188: 184: 181: 131: 128: 122: 119: 93:Client state of 71: 61: 32: 31: 21: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7226: 7225: 7216:Former kingdoms 7181: 7180: 7179: 7174: 7075: 7070: 7040: 7035: 6994: 6487: 6416: 6341: 6333: 6303: 6298: 6277: 6224: 6196: 6187:We wunt be druv 6121: 6118: 6067: 6039: 6015:Rape of Bramber 6010:Rape of Arundel 5996: 5973: 5968: 5938: 5932: 5913: 5894: 5875: 5819: 5800: 5777: 5760:on 8 June 2021. 5740:10.5284/1086206 5722: 5711: 5694:. London: SPCK. 5683: 5664: 5645: 5626: 5606:10.5284/1086268 5588: 5577: 5558: 5539: 5508: 5486: 5467: 5448: 5429: 5410: 5391: 5372: 5353: 5334: 5315: 5284: 5265: 5246: 5227:In Saxon Sussex 5218: 5197: 5178: 5159: 5140: 5117: 5098: 5079: 5060: 5041: 5022: 4999: 4971: 4948: 4929: 4906: 4887: 4870: 4865: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4841: 4837: 4829: 4825: 4817: 4813: 4805: 4801: 4793: 4789: 4781: 4774: 4763: 4759: 4752: 4745: 4735: 4733: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4710: 4706: 4691: 4687: 4677: 4675: 4671: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4648: 4640: 4631: 4623: 4614: 4606: 4599: 4594: 4590: 4582: 4575: 4570: 4566: 4558: 4554: 4544: 4542: 4537: 4536: 4532: 4524: 4520: 4512: 4508: 4500: 4493: 4485: 4478: 4470: 4466: 4458: 4454: 4446: 4442: 4434: 4430: 4420: 4418: 4413:Jones, Graham. 4411: 4407: 4399: 4395: 4387: 4383: 4375: 4371: 4363: 4354: 4346: 4342: 4334: 4330: 4322: 4318: 4310: 4306: 4298: 4294: 4286: 4282: 4274: 4267: 4259: 4252: 4244: 4240: 4232: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4160: 4156: 4148: 4144: 4136: 4132: 4124: 4120: 4112: 4103: 4095: 4091: 4083: 4079: 4071: 4062: 4055: 4051: 4043: 4036: 4028: 4024: 4016: 4007: 4002: 3998: 3993: 3986: 3978: 3974: 3966: 3955: 3947: 3943: 3935: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3899: 3897: 3892: 3891: 3887: 3882: 3878: 3863:, ed. (1911). " 3848: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3800: 3793: 3783: 3781: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3761: 3759: 3754: 3753: 3749: 3739: 3737: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3710: 3709: 3705: 3695: 3693: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3656: 3649: 3644: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3616: 3615: 3611: 3606: 3602: 3593: 3589: 3578: 3576: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3554: 3550: 3542: 3538: 3530: 3523: 3518: 3511: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3472: 3468: 3457: 3444: 3439: 3432: 3427: 3423: 3418: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3382: 3378: 3370: 3366: 3358: 3354: 3346: 3339: 3331: 3327: 3319: 3310: 3301: 3297: 3288: 3281: 3272: 3268: 3260: 3256: 3248: 3244: 3235: 3224: 3216: 3212: 3204: 3200: 3192: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3168: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3144: 3140: 3132: 3121: 3113: 3109: 3101: 3094: 3086: 3079: 3071: 3064: 3056: 3049: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3020: 3012: 3008: 3000: 2993: 2987: 2980: 2972: 2965: 2957: 2953: 2945: 2941: 2931: 2929: 2928:on 6 March 2016 2925: 2918: 2912: 2903: 2895: 2891: 2883: 2879: 2870: 2863: 2855: 2851: 2843: 2834: 2827: 2813: 2809: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2783: 2776: 2753: 2746: 2742: 2734: 2730: 2722: 2709: 2701: 2692: 2684: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2655: 2644: 2635: 2631: 2623: 2610: 2602: 2593: 2585: 2576: 2566: 2564: 2553: 2546: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2497: 2492: 2491: 2478: 2474: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2417: 2405: 2401: 2396: 2392: 2379: 2375: 2368: 2362: 2358: 2351: 2346: 2342: 2337: 2297: 2295:Heraldic device 2284: 2263: 2257: 2248: 2169: 2130:. According to 2093: 2075: 1967: 1931:Kingston by Sea 1886: 1880: 1824: 1799:Domesday Survey 1744: 1723: 1646: 1641: 1600:Sweyn Godwinson 1554:Bayeux Tapestry 1489: 1340: 1330:abbot of Selsey 1235:Norman Conquest 1162: 1146:Gloucestershire 1078: 1073: 1003:appears in the 993: 988: 982: 920: 892: 782:Kingdom of Kent 633: 627: 610:made the first 552:kings of Wessex 536:kings of Sussex 500:, in turn from 465: 461: 438: 437: 432: 413: 388: 374: 331: 321: 298: 289: 282: 273: 266: 257: 250: 244: 235: 229: 189: 186: 182: 162: 127: 123: 118: 92: 83: 74: 54: 46: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7234: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7069: 7068: 7061: 7054: 7046: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7016:Burghal Hidage 7013: 7008: 7002: 7000: 6996: 6995: 6993: 6992: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6915: 6914: 6913: 6903: 6902: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6881: 6880: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6668: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6577: 6576: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6497: 6495: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6485: 6484: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6424: 6422: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6397: 6387: 6386: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6342: 6332: 6331: 6324: 6317: 6309: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6285: 6283: 6279: 6278: 6276: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6234: 6232: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6206: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6131: 6129: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6119: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6077: 6075: 6069: 6068: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6049: 6047: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6006: 6004: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5994: 5989: 5983: 5981: 5975: 5974: 5967: 5966: 5959: 5952: 5944: 5937: 5936: 5930: 5917: 5911: 5898: 5892: 5879: 5873: 5860: 5840:10.2307/526688 5823: 5817: 5804: 5798: 5781: 5775: 5762: 5745: 5715: 5709: 5696: 5687: 5681: 5668: 5662: 5649: 5644:978-0199683109 5643: 5630: 5624: 5611: 5581: 5576:978-1107036536 5575: 5562: 5556: 5543: 5537: 5521: 5512: 5506: 5490: 5484: 5471: 5465: 5452: 5446: 5433: 5427: 5414: 5408: 5395: 5389: 5376: 5370: 5357: 5351: 5338: 5332: 5319: 5313: 5300: 5288: 5282: 5269: 5263: 5250: 5244: 5231: 5222: 5216: 5201: 5195: 5182: 5177:978-1317873204 5176: 5163: 5157: 5144: 5139:978-0582492721 5138: 5121: 5115: 5102: 5096: 5083: 5077: 5064: 5058: 5045: 5039: 5026: 5020: 5003: 4997: 4984: 4975: 4969: 4952: 4946: 4933: 4927: 4910: 4904: 4891: 4885: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4850: 4835: 4823: 4811: 4799: 4787: 4772: 4757: 4743: 4721: 4704: 4685: 4646: 4629: 4612: 4597: 4588: 4584:Armstrong 1971 4573: 4564: 4552: 4530: 4518: 4506: 4491: 4487:Armstrong 1971 4476: 4464: 4452: 4440: 4428: 4405: 4393: 4381: 4369: 4352: 4340: 4328: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4280: 4278:, p. 169. 4265: 4263:, p. 245. 4250: 4248:, p. 341. 4238: 4226: 4224:, p. 539. 4214: 4212:, p. 165. 4202: 4190: 4178: 4166: 4154: 4142: 4130: 4118: 4114:Armstrong 1971 4101: 4089: 4077: 4060: 4049: 4034: 4030:Armstrong 1971 4022: 4005: 3996: 3984: 3980:Armstrong 1971 3972: 3968:Armstrong 1971 3953: 3949:Armstrong 1971 3941: 3929: 3907: 3885: 3876: 3861:Chisholm, Hugh 3839: 3827: 3820: 3791: 3769: 3747: 3725: 3703: 3681: 3659: 3647: 3631: 3609: 3600: 3587: 3564: 3548: 3536: 3521: 3509: 3500: 3478: 3476:, p. 359. 3466: 3442: 3430: 3421: 3397: 3385: 3376: 3364: 3352: 3337: 3335:, p. 107. 3325: 3308: 3295: 3279: 3273:Martin Welch, 3266: 3254: 3242: 3222: 3210: 3198: 3186: 3174: 3162: 3160:, p. 118. 3150: 3138: 3119: 3117:, p. 275. 3107: 3092: 3077: 3062: 3047: 3035: 3018: 3006: 2978: 2963: 2951: 2939: 2901: 2889: 2877: 2871:Martin Welch: 2861: 2859:, pp. 6–8 2849: 2832: 2825: 2807: 2795: 2781: 2751: 2740: 2728: 2707: 2690: 2673: 2661: 2642: 2629: 2627:, pp. 225 2608: 2591: 2574: 2544: 2531: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2489: 2472: 2453: 2444: 2424: 2415: 2412:Andredesleage. 2399: 2390: 2373: 2356: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2329:Ælle of Sussex 2311:The shield or 2296: 2293: 2283: 2280: 2256: 2253: 2247: 2244: 2124:Bishop of York 2074: 2071: 1977:, Tinhale (in 1966: 1963: 1907:Offa of Mercia 1879: 1876: 1847:client kingdom 1823: 1820: 1768:King Æthelstan 1722: 1719: 1674:Burghal Hidage 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1604:Godwine family 1520:Abingdon Abbey 1488: 1485: 1417:Offa of Mercia 1161: 1158: 1142:J. N. L. Myres 1124:Patching hoard 1077: 1069:Early period ( 1067: 1018:Mercredesburne 992: 989: 981: 978: 975: 974: 971: 966: 962: 961: 958: 953: 949: 948: 945: 940: 936: 935: 932: 927: 923: 922: 917: 914: 891: 888: 872:Romano-British 626: 623: 584:King Æðelwealh 511:Sūþseaxna rīce 494:Middle English 448: 447: 434:United Kingdom 430: 426: 425: 422: 421: 418: 417: 410: 401: 398: 397: 392: 384: 383: 378: 366: 365: 360: 350: 349: 344: 340: 339: 336: 335: 332: 329: 326: 325: 322: 319: 316: 315: 312: 311: 307: 306: 303: 302: 299: 296: 293: 292: 283: 280: 277: 276: 267: 264: 261: 260: 245: 242: 239: 238: 230: 227: 224: 223: 220: 219: 214: 213:Historical era 210: 209: 204: 200: 199: 196: 195: 190: 172: 169: 168: 163: 160: 157: 156: 153: 152: 149: 144:Monarchs (see 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 113: 109: 108: 103: 99: 98: 80: 76: 75: 72: 64: 63: 56: 55: 44:Sūþseaxna rīċe 38: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7233: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7188: 7186: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7081: 7078: 7074: 7067: 7062: 7060: 7055: 7053: 7048: 7047: 7044: 7032: 7031:Tribal Hidage 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6997: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6920: 6919: 6916: 6912: 6909: 6908: 6907: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6885: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6837:Southumbrians 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6797:Middle Angles 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6724: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6682:Andredes Leag 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6610:Middle Saxons 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6581: 6578: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6549: 6546: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6502: 6499: 6498: 6496: 6494: 6490: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6448: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6425: 6423: 6419: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6388: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6337: 6330: 6325: 6323: 6318: 6316: 6311: 6310: 6307: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6289:Sussex Police 6287: 6286: 6284: 6280: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6235: 6233: 6231: 6227: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6203: 6199: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6124: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6070: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6030:Rape of Lewes 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5976: 5972: 5965: 5960: 5958: 5953: 5951: 5946: 5945: 5942: 5933: 5927: 5923: 5918: 5914: 5908: 5904: 5899: 5895: 5893:9780718518561 5889: 5885: 5880: 5876: 5874:9781852853822 5870: 5866: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5824: 5820: 5814: 5810: 5805: 5801: 5795: 5790: 5789: 5782: 5778: 5776:9781781591253 5772: 5768: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5721: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5702: 5697: 5693: 5688: 5684: 5678: 5674: 5669: 5665: 5659: 5655: 5650: 5646: 5640: 5636: 5631: 5627: 5625:9780312307837 5621: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5587: 5582: 5578: 5572: 5568: 5563: 5559: 5557:9781317871699 5553: 5550:. Routledge. 5549: 5544: 5540: 5538:9780192822352 5534: 5530: 5526: 5525:Myres, J.N.L. 5522: 5518: 5513: 5509: 5507:9780582072978 5503: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5477: 5472: 5468: 5462: 5458: 5453: 5449: 5443: 5439: 5434: 5430: 5428:9780470656327 5424: 5420: 5415: 5411: 5409:9781860771125 5405: 5401: 5396: 5392: 5390:9780415242110 5386: 5383:. Routledge. 5382: 5377: 5373: 5367: 5363: 5358: 5354: 5348: 5344: 5339: 5335: 5329: 5325: 5320: 5316: 5310: 5306: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5283:9780300125344 5279: 5275: 5270: 5266: 5264:0-906780-18-7 5260: 5256: 5251: 5247: 5245:0-85033-438-1 5241: 5237: 5232: 5228: 5223: 5219: 5217:1-84212-264-9 5213: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5196:9781860771125 5192: 5188: 5183: 5179: 5173: 5170:. Routledge. 5169: 5164: 5160: 5158:0-85115-479-4 5154: 5150: 5145: 5141: 5135: 5130: 5129: 5122: 5118: 5112: 5108: 5103: 5099: 5097:0-85033-272-9 5093: 5089: 5084: 5080: 5074: 5070: 5065: 5061: 5055: 5051: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5032: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5012: 5011: 5004: 5000: 4998:0-9507432-0-8 4994: 4990: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4972: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4939: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4919: 4918: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4897: 4892: 4888: 4882: 4878: 4873: 4872: 4859: 4854: 4846: 4839: 4833:, p. 148 4832: 4827: 4821:, p. 365 4820: 4815: 4808: 4803: 4797:, p. 169 4796: 4791: 4784: 4779: 4777: 4768: 4761: 4755: 4750: 4748: 4731: 4725: 4718: 4714: 4708: 4701: 4700:archive.today 4697: 4694: 4689: 4670: 4663: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4651: 4643: 4638: 4636: 4634: 4626: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4609: 4604: 4602: 4592: 4585: 4580: 4578: 4568: 4561: 4556: 4540: 4534: 4527: 4526:Lowerson 1980 4522: 4515: 4510: 4503: 4498: 4496: 4489:, pp. 39 4488: 4483: 4481: 4474:, pp. 42 4473: 4472:Lowerson 1980 4468: 4462:, p. 162 4461: 4456: 4449: 4444: 4437: 4436:Williams 2003 4432: 4416: 4409: 4402: 4397: 4391:, p. 114 4390: 4385: 4379:, p. 161 4378: 4373: 4366: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4349: 4344: 4338:, p. 33. 4337: 4332: 4325: 4320: 4314:, p. 29. 4313: 4308: 4302:, p. 25. 4301: 4296: 4290:, p. 59. 4289: 4284: 4277: 4272: 4270: 4262: 4257: 4255: 4247: 4242: 4236:, p. 54. 4235: 4234:Cunliffe 1973 4230: 4223: 4218: 4211: 4206: 4200:, p. 118 4199: 4194: 4188:, p. 374 4187: 4182: 4176:, p. 109 4175: 4170: 4163: 4158: 4152:, p. 283 4151: 4146: 4140:, p. 129 4139: 4134: 4127: 4126:Lowerson 1980 4122: 4115: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4098: 4093: 4086: 4081: 4074: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4058: 4053: 4046: 4041: 4039: 4031: 4026: 4019: 4018:Lowerson 1980 4014: 4012: 4010: 4000: 3991: 3989: 3981: 3976: 3969: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3950: 3945: 3938: 3937:Lowerson 1980 3933: 3917: 3911: 3895: 3889: 3880: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3856:public domain 3843: 3837:, p. 148 3836: 3831: 3823: 3821:9781118316061 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3798: 3796: 3779: 3773: 3757: 3751: 3735: 3729: 3713: 3707: 3691: 3685: 3669: 3663: 3654: 3652: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3636: 3619: 3613: 3604: 3597: 3591: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3558: 3552: 3545: 3540: 3533: 3528: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3504: 3488: 3482: 3475: 3474:Dumville 1997 3470: 3462: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3437: 3435: 3425: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3395:, p. 112 3394: 3389: 3380: 3373: 3368: 3361: 3356: 3350:, p. 37. 3349: 3344: 3342: 3334: 3329: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3305: 3299: 3292: 3289:Martin Bell: 3286: 3284: 3276: 3270: 3263: 3262:Gardiner 2010 3258: 3251: 3246: 3239: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3219: 3214: 3207: 3202: 3195: 3190: 3183: 3178: 3172:, p. 65. 3171: 3166: 3159: 3154: 3147: 3142: 3135: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3116: 3111: 3104: 3099: 3097: 3090:, p. 71. 3089: 3084: 3082: 3074: 3069: 3067: 3059: 3054: 3052: 3045:, p. 324 3044: 3039: 3033:, p. 30. 3032: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3015: 3010: 2999: 2992: 2985: 2983: 2975: 2970: 2968: 2960: 2955: 2948: 2943: 2924: 2917: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2898: 2897:Lowerson 1980 2893: 2886: 2881: 2874: 2868: 2866: 2858: 2853: 2847:, pp. 68 2846: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2828: 2826:9780191580284 2822: 2818: 2811: 2804: 2799: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2779: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2749: 2744: 2737: 2732: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2704: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2688:, p. 114 2687: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2670: 2665: 2658: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2639: 2633: 2626: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2606:, p. 169 2605: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2589:, p. 245 2588: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2562: 2558: 2551: 2549: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2498: 2486: 2482: 2476: 2469: 2465: 2464: 2457: 2448: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2428: 2419: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2394: 2387: 2383: 2377: 2366: 2365:Domesday Book 2360: 2344: 2340: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2306: 2301: 2292: 2289: 2279: 2277: 2271: 2268: 2262: 2252: 2243: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2181: 2179: 2175: 2164: 2160: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2122:, the exiled 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2030: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1956: 1955:Æthelingadene 1952: 1948: 1944: 1943:Æthelingadene 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1922: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1894: 1892: 1885: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1842: 1837: 1833: 1832:Frank Stenton 1829: 1828:Martin Biddle 1819: 1816: 1811: 1809: 1803: 1800: 1795: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1779: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1764: 1758: 1756: 1755: 1750: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1718: 1715: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1654: 1650: 1636: 1633: 1629: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1566:Wulfnoth Cild 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1514:The death of 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1484: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1420: 1418: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1335: 1331: 1326: 1324: 1318: 1316: 1312: 1311:Ine of Wessex 1308: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1211: 1202: 1198: 1196: 1195: 1190: 1186: 1185: 1180: 1179:Isle of Wight 1176: 1172: 1167: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1148:to the west. 1147: 1143: 1139: 1138:Thames Valley 1135: 1134: 1127: 1125: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1074: AD 450 1066: 1062: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1020: 1019: 1013: 1008: 1007: 1001: 1000: 987: 972: 970: 967: 964: 963: 959: 957: 954: 951: 950: 946: 944: 941: 938: 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Retrieved 4724: 4707: 4693:Stowe MS 944 4688: 4676:. Retrieved 4669:the original 4644:, p. 71 4642:Brandon 2006 4625:Brandon 2006 4610:, p. 37 4608:Brandon 1978 4591: 4567: 4562:, p. 96 4555: 4543:. Retrieved 4533: 4528:, p. 10 4521: 4516:, p. 36 4509: 4467: 4455: 4450:, p. 90 4443: 4438:, p. 28 4431: 4419:. Retrieved 4408: 4403:, p. 98 4396: 4384: 4372: 4350:, p. 20 4343: 4336:Lavelle 2003 4331: 4319: 4307: 4295: 4283: 4241: 4229: 4222:Stenton 1971 4217: 4205: 4193: 4181: 4169: 4162:Brandon 2006 4157: 4145: 4133: 4128:, p. 41 4121: 4116:, p. 41 4097:Brandon 2006 4092: 4080: 4073:Brandon 2006 4052: 4047:, p. 51 4032:, p. 39 4025: 4020:, p. 43 3999: 3982:, p. 45 3975: 3970:, p. 44 3951:, p. 44 3944: 3939:, p. 44 3932: 3920:. Retrieved 3910: 3898:. Retrieved 3888: 3879: 3868: 3842: 3830: 3803: 3782:. Retrieved 3772: 3760:. Retrieved 3750: 3738:. Retrieved 3728: 3716:. Retrieved 3706: 3694:. Retrieved 3684: 3672:. Retrieved 3662: 3622:. Retrieved 3612: 3603: 3595: 3590: 3577:. Retrieved 3567: 3560: 3556: 3551: 3546:, p. 42 3544:Swanton 1996 3539: 3534:, p. 43 3503: 3491:. Retrieved 3481: 3469: 3424: 3388: 3379: 3374:, p. 30 3367: 3355: 3328: 3303: 3298: 3290: 3274: 3269: 3257: 3245: 3237: 3213: 3201: 3189: 3177: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3136:, p. 9. 3115:Gelling 2000 3110: 3060:, p. 77 3058:Brandon 2006 3038: 3014:Brandon 2006 3009: 2998:the original 2954: 2949:, p. 1. 2942: 2930:. Retrieved 2923:the original 2899:, p. 37 2892: 2887:, p. 91 2885:Brandon 2006 2880: 2872: 2857:Brandon 2006 2852: 2845:Brandon 2006 2816: 2810: 2805:, p. 31 2798: 2743: 2738:, p. 15 2731: 2726:, p. 32 2724:Brandon 1978 2703:Venning 2013 2664: 2659:, p. 25 2632: 2625:Brandon 1978 2565:. Retrieved 2560: 2542:, p. 68 2540:Brandon 2006 2535: 2475: 2461: 2456: 2447: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2427: 2418: 2410: 2402: 2393: 2376: 2364: 2359: 2343: 2317:coat of arms 2310: 2285: 2272: 2264: 2249: 2217: 2182: 2156: 2128:Selsey Abbey 2106: 2094: 2068: 2061: 2059:near Lewes. 2024: 2013: 1968: 1954: 1942: 1923: 1911: 1904: 1898: 1895: 1890: 1887: 1863: 1855: 1839: 1825: 1812: 1804: 1796: 1791:Cinque Ports 1780: 1761: 1759: 1752: 1739: 1704: 1698: 1692: 1685: 1659: 1647: 1624: 1588:Fécamp Abbey 1582: 1563: 1539:Eaduuine dux 1523: 1513: 1490: 1470: 1460: 1456: 1451: 1435: 1423: 1421: 1410: 1395: 1384: 1377: 1368: 1353: 1327: 1322: 1319: 1306: 1300: 1292: 1282: 1247: 1227:Selsey Abbey 1214: 1207: 1192: 1182: 1163: 1131: 1128: 1121: 1110: 1094: 1085: 1076: – 600) 1063: 1044: 1037: 1031:(modern day 1026: 1016: 1004: 994: 934:1,200–1,500 902: 893: 864: 860:Itchingfield 809:The ancient 808: 790: 778:River Rother 774:Romney Marsh 749: 742: 734:Lower Saxony 721: 703: 697: 693:Andredsweald 675: 673: 662: 656: 642: 636: 634: 616: 581: 570: 564: 457: 453: 451: 440: 363:Succeeded by 362: 357: 330:• 1100 175: 125:Christianity 85:Client state 29: 18:South Saxons 6877:Wreocensæte 6802:North Engle 6787:Lindisfaras 6757:Cilternsæte 6717:Modingahema 6471:Northumbria 6451:East Anglia 6390:Northumbria 6353:East Anglia 6336:Anglo-Saxon 6177:Sussex trug 6058:South Downs 5992:West Sussex 5987:East Sussex 5733:: 123–132. 5599:: 133–152. 5500:. Longman. 4868:Works cited 4858:Veitch 2021 4807:Fisher 2014 4736:14 December 4514:Keynes 2013 4460:Semple 2013 4448:Semple 2013 4300:Haslam 1984 4210:Biddle 1981 4138:Thomas 2001 3532:Sawyer 1978 3393:Fisher 2014 3277:, pp. 25–26 3194:Morris 1965 3170:Hawkes 1982 3073:Bately 1986 2961:, p. 5 2947:Livitt 1990 2657:Semple 2013 2468:Severus III 2386:buffer zone 2288:Merovingian 2276:Bishopstone 2236:Bishopstone 2201:hagiography 2185:St. Cuthman 2048:Witenagemot 2029:Witenagemot 2008:gemot biorh 1864:Orreo Regis 1687:Eorpeburnan 1568:, a Sussex 1503:and of the 1360:Arun Valley 1154:Mount Badon 1090:Severus III 1043:, Cymen to 1023:Saxon Shore 816:Shermanbury 752:Old English 687:Andredsleah 556:Anglo-Saxon 502:Old English 358:Preceded by 320:• 450 207:Witenagemot 203:Legislature 40:Old English 7185:Categories 6963:Sumorsaete 6948:Glastening 6933:Brycgstowl 6911:Haestingas 6894:Beodarsæte 6847:Stoppingas 6842:Spaldingas 6817:Pencersæte 6762:Duddensæte 6747:Beormingas 6742:Banesbyrig 6677:Andredsley 6650:Pæding-tun 6635:Waeclingas 6595:Haueringas 6568:Caningaege 6563:Daenningas 6553:Brahhingas 6526:Herstingas 6438:Frithuwald 6268:Sussex RFU 6253:Sussex CCC 6172:Sussex Day 6101:Haestingas 5494:Loyn, H.R. 5071:. Alecto. 4560:Roach 2013 4502:Roach 2013 4421:25 October 4401:Yorke 1995 4389:Yorke 2002 4377:Yorke 2002 4348:Yorke 2002 4312:Welch 1978 4288:Yorke 1995 4276:Kirby 2000 3835:Yorke 2002 3360:Myres 1989 3218:Welch 1992 3206:Welch 1992 3182:Yorke 2008 3158:Kelly 1998 3146:Welch 1978 3134:Welch 1992 3088:Jones 1998 2974:Yorke 1995 2959:Kirby 2000 2803:Darby 1987 2736:Kirby 2000 2686:Kirby 2000 2669:Myres 1989 2604:Kirby 2000 2527:References 2437:Cymenshore 2352: 457 2325:John Speed 2305:John Speed 2259:See also: 2170: 715 2077:See also: 2057:River Ouse 2045:. Another 2043:River Arun 2016:Easebourne 2003:Durrington 1891:Haestingas 1882:See also: 1745: 470 1678:Chichester 1461:After the 1436:dux Suðsax 1424:Haestingas 1341: 705 1302:Haestingas 1264:, king of 1239:Chichester 1223:royal vill 1150:H. R. Loyn 1054:Cymenshore 1045:Cymenshore 1041:Chichester 1012:Cymenshore 999:Cymenshore 984:See also: 930:Chichester 919:Population 890:Population 833:Haestingas 716:maene-wudu 664:Haestingas 629:See also: 604:Winchester 592:St Wilfrid 506:Suth-Seaxe 310:Population 290: 827 274: 796 258: 715 251: 686 236: 477 187: 685 185: – c. 183: 660 136:Government 7145:Æðelberht 7094:Æðelwealh 6978:Wiltsaete 6973:Sunningas 6958:Rēadingas 6938:Dornsaete 6923:Eorlingas 6889:Elmetsæte 6867:Weorgoran 6852:Sweordora 6832:Snotingas 6822:Reagesate 6792:Magonsæte 6777:Glestinga 6712:Limenwara 6702:Eastorege 6645:Woccingas 6600:Hroðingas 6585:Gillingas 6428:Bretwalda 6339:heptarchy 6258:Sussex FA 6248:Stoolball 6091:Britannia 6063:The Weald 6045:Geography 5905:. Seaby. 5856:163048477 5828:Britannia 5421:. Wiley. 5050:The Regni 4819:Loyn 1991 4545:1 October 4324:Loyn 1991 4246:Down 1978 4198:Loyn 1991 4186:Loyn 1991 4174:Loyn 1991 3372:Loyn 1991 3348:Loyn 1991 3333:Abdy 2013 3103:Bell 1978 2435:is where 2433:The Owers 2228:Lyminster 2224:Singleton 2213:St Oswald 2108:Æðelwealh 2055:, on the 2039:Lyminster 2035:Æthelstan 1993:Madehurst 1983:Madehurst 1975:Ditchling 1971:folkmoots 1959:Æthelings 1951:West Dean 1939:Ælfthryth 1849:ruled by 1843:Reginorum 1815:salt pans 1783:shillings 1730:Droveways 1481:Æthelbald 1428:Æðelberht 1391:Sigeferth 1387:Æðelberht 1332:, Bishop 1262:Hlothhere 1213:baptised 1171:Æðelwealh 1133:Bretwalda 811:droveways 794:Ditchling 762:Stoughton 757:Maere-dun 730:Friesland 677:Anderitum 625:Geography 572:Bretwalda 546:. In 860 516:Heptarchy 498:Suth-sæxe 217:Heptarchy 193:Æðelwealh 146:full list 112:Religion 97:(771–796) 7165:Ealdwulf 7140:Æðelstan 7109:Berhthun 6999:See also 6983:Wihtwara 6953:Meonwara 6928:Basingas 6872:Westerne 6782:Husmerae 6732:Æbbingas 6727:Ælfingas 6692:Cantware 6687:Boroware 6665:Deningei 6660:Dæningas 6630:Tewingas 6625:Tetingas 6573:Gegingas 6493:Regiones 6433:Iclingas 6421:Monarchs 6395:Bernicia 6346:Kingdoms 6243:Football 6202:Religion 6116:Monarchs 6081:Timeline 5527:(1989). 5496:(1991). 5294:(1834). 4696:Archived 2932:16 April 2495:See also 2321:martlets 2267:Frankish 2240:hundreds 2193:Steyning 2136:Damianus 2112:Wulfhere 2073:Religion 2064:diplomas 1969:Various 1899:Meonwara 1878:Kingship 1808:Petworth 1772:Cissbury 1763:sceattas 1754:siliquae 1749:Patching 1610:fled to 1398:Ealdwulf 1380:Æðelstan 1285:charters 1254:Berhthun 1250:Cædwalla 1215:en masse 1184:Meonwara 1175:Wulfhere 1106:Highdown 1102:Cuckmere 1033:Pevensey 1025:fort at 969:Pevensey 956:Steyning 884:virgates 876:hundreds 820:Thakeham 658:Meonwara 577:Midlands 343:Currency 139:Monarchy 116:Paganism 7170:Ælfwald 7119:Noðhelm 7104:Ecgwald 7099:Eadwulf 7021:Danelaw 6943:Gewisse 6918:Wessex: 6906:Sussex: 6862:Undaium 6857:Tomsæte 6812:Pecsæte 6752:Bilsæte 6737:Arosæte 6722:Mercia: 6615:Haering 6531:Ikelgas 6511:Suffolk 6506:Norfolk 6378:Lindsey 6238:Cricket 6182:Symbols 6140:Dialect 6073:History 5595:(PDF). 3916:"S 828" 3894:"S 839" 3858:: 3778:"S 108" 3594:Kelly. 3555:Kelly. 2567:22 June 2463:solidus 2407:ASC 477 2255:Culture 2246:Slavery 2220:minster 2189:Chidham 2120:Wilfrid 2041:by the 1979:Bersted 1841:Civitas 1822:Capital 1721:Economy 1682:Burpham 1516:Eadwine 1505:Normans 1501:Godwine 1444:Ælfwald 1402:Ælfwald 1358:in the 1356:Burpham 1315:Geraint 1289:Noðhelm 1136:in the 1086:solidus 1049:Lancing 980:History 828:Shipley 824:Ashurst 641:of the 638:civitas 532:kingdom 492:; from 269:771 to 173:• 62:477–860 7155:Oswald 7150:Osmund 7114:Andhun 6988:Ytenes 6899:Loidis 6807:Pecset 6772:Gyrwas 6707:Lympne 6580:Surrey 6548:Essex: 6481:Wessex 6476:Sussex 6466:Mercia 6412:Wessex 6407:Sussex 6373:Hwicce 6368:Mercia 6155:People 5971:Sussex 5928: 5909: 5890: 5871: 5854: 5848:526688 5846: 5815: 5796: 5773: 5707: 5679: 5660: 5654:Sussex 5641: 5622: 5573: 5554: 5535: 5504: 5482: 5463: 5444: 5425: 5406: 5387: 5368: 5349: 5330: 5311: 5280: 5261: 5242: 5214: 5193: 5174: 5155: 5136: 5113: 5094: 5075: 5056: 5037: 5031:Sussex 5018: 4995: 4967: 4944: 4925: 4902: 4883: 4678:4 July 3922:13 May 3900:13 May 3865:Sussex 3852: 3818: 3784:13 May 3762:13 May 3756:"S 49" 3740:13 May 3734:"S 48" 3718:13 May 3712:"S 50" 3696:13 May 3690:"S 46" 3674:13 May 3668:"S 42" 3624:13 May 3618:"S 44" 3579:13 May 3493:13 May 3487:"S 45" 2823: 2382:Jutish 2232:Findon 2152:Celtic 2144:Bosham 2116:Mercia 2098:famine 2089:, and 2053:Hamsey 1998:maedel 1981:) and 1612:Bruges 1608:Tostig 1596:Bosham 1592:Osborn 1578:Harold 1574:Godwin 1558:Bosham 1497:Canute 1440:Osmund 1432:Oswald 1413:Osmund 1270:Eadric 1258:Andhun 1194:Hwicce 1059:Selsey 947:1,200 897:plague 745:thegns 649:Sussex 588:Mercia 548:Sussex 540:Wessex 439: 408:Wessex 334:35,000 324:25,000 151: 95:Mercia 89:Wessex 79:Status 7160:Oslac 7134:Osric 7129:Bryni 7089:Cissa 6767:Gaini 6672:Kent: 6521:Gywre 6456:Essex 6400:Deira 6358:Essex 6282:Other 6230:Sport 6150:Music 6086:Regni 5852:S2CID 5844:JSTOR 5723:(PDF) 5589:(PDF) 4672:(PDF) 4665:(PDF) 3001:(PDF) 2994:(PDF) 2926:(PDF) 2919:(PDF) 2481:rapes 2335:Notes 2172:that 2102:Woden 1714:hagae 1708:burhs 1667:burhs 1570:thegn 1493:Danes 1448:Oslac 1406:Oslac 1373:Osric 1364:comes 1345:Nunna 1293:Nunna 1219:hides 1187:(the 943:Lewes 916:Town 913:Rank 880:hides 856:Worth 851:folds 839:denns 803:burhs 798:Lewes 644:Regni 528:Saxon 347:Sceat 285:From 48:Latin 7124:Watt 7084:Ælle 6640:Tota 6605:Haka 6558:Beda 6516:Elge 6461:Kent 6363:Kent 6192:Wine 6145:Flag 6135:Beer 5926:ISBN 5907:ISBN 5888:ISBN 5869:ISBN 5813:ISBN 5794:ISBN 5771:ISBN 5705:ISBN 5677:ISBN 5658:ISBN 5639:ISBN 5620:ISBN 5571:ISBN 5552:ISBN 5533:ISBN 5502:ISBN 5480:ISBN 5461:ISBN 5442:ISBN 5423:ISBN 5404:ISBN 5385:ISBN 5366:ISBN 5347:ISBN 5328:ISBN 5309:ISBN 5278:ISBN 5259:ISBN 5240:ISBN 5212:ISBN 5191:ISBN 5172:ISBN 5153:ISBN 5134:ISBN 5111:ISBN 5092:ISBN 5073:ISBN 5054:ISBN 5035:ISBN 5016:ISBN 4993:ISBN 4965:ISBN 4942:ISBN 4923:ISBN 4900:ISBN 4881:ISBN 4738:2014 4711:The 4680:2014 4547:2014 4423:2014 3924:2010 3902:2010 3816:ISBN 3786:2010 3764:2010 3742:2010 3720:2010 3698:2010 3676:2010 3626:2010 3581:2010 3495:2010 2934:2014 2821:ISBN 2569:2014 2234:and 2132:Bede 1988:þing 1949:and 1947:East 1845:, a 1446:and 1404:and 1349:Watt 1297:Watt 1291:(or 1274:Bede 1266:Kent 1256:and 1189:Meon 1100:and 1098:Ouse 973:500 960:600 868:rape 858:and 845:stig 826:and 766:Bede 736:and 669:Offa 600:Kent 567:Ælle 452:The 166:Ælle 5836:doi 5735:doi 5731:139 5601:doi 5597:137 3867:". 3808:doi 2369:"he 2282:Art 1965:Law 1536:as 1452:dux 690:or 518:of 508:or 301:860 253:to 176:fl. 87:of 7187:: 5850:. 5842:. 5832:30 5830:. 5752:. 5729:. 5725:. 5591:. 4775:^ 4746:^ 4715:, 4649:^ 4632:^ 4615:^ 4600:^ 4576:^ 4494:^ 4479:^ 4355:^ 4268:^ 4253:^ 4104:^ 4063:^ 4037:^ 4008:^ 3987:^ 3956:^ 3814:. 3794:^ 3650:^ 3634:^ 3524:^ 3512:^ 3445:^ 3433:^ 3400:^ 3340:^ 3311:^ 3304:in 3282:^ 3238:in 3225:^ 3122:^ 3095:^ 3080:^ 3065:^ 3050:^ 3021:^ 2981:^ 2966:^ 2904:^ 2864:^ 2835:^ 2784:^ 2754:^ 2710:^ 2693:^ 2676:^ 2645:^ 2611:^ 2594:^ 2577:^ 2559:. 2547:^ 2409:- 2349:c. 2278:. 2230:, 2226:, 2180:. 2167:c. 2104:. 2085:, 2081:, 1961:. 1929:, 1810:. 1742:c. 1690:. 1680:, 1454:. 1442:, 1434:, 1419:. 1382:. 1369:do 1338:c. 1245:. 1156:. 1071:c. 1051:. 965:4 952:3 939:2 926:1 822:, 818:, 788:. 740:. 732:, 671:. 562:. 504:: 496:: 287:c. 271:c. 255:c. 248:c. 233:c. 180:c. 60:c. 50:: 42:: 7136:? 7065:e 7058:t 7051:v 6328:e 6321:t 6314:v 6168:" 6164:" 5963:e 5956:t 5949:v 5934:. 5915:. 5896:. 5877:. 5858:. 5838:: 5821:. 5802:. 5779:. 5743:. 5737:: 5713:. 5685:. 5666:. 5647:. 5628:. 5609:. 5603:: 5579:. 5560:. 5541:. 5519:. 5510:. 5488:. 5469:. 5450:. 5431:. 5412:. 5393:. 5374:. 5355:. 5336:. 5317:. 5286:. 5267:. 5248:. 5220:. 5199:. 5180:. 5161:. 5142:. 5119:. 5100:. 5081:. 5062:. 5043:. 5024:. 5001:. 4982:. 4973:. 4950:. 4931:. 4908:. 4889:. 4860:. 4740:. 4719:. 4682:. 4549:. 4425:. 4367:. 3926:. 3904:. 3824:. 3810:: 3788:. 3766:. 3744:. 3722:. 3700:. 3678:. 3628:. 3583:. 3497:. 2936:. 2829:. 2640:. 2571:. 2354:. 1945:( 1336:( 488:/ 485:s 482:k 479:ɪ 476:s 473:ʌ 470:s 467:ˈ 464:/ 460:( 441:∟ 148:) 20:)

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