299:
1228:
20:
1020:
248:
162:
75:
270:
stage is usually the same length in time as the aeration. During this stage the sludge formed by the bacteria is allowed to settle to the bottom of the tank. The aerobic bacteria continue to multiply until the dissolved oxygen is all but used up. Conditions in the tank, especially near the bottom are
313:
As the bacteria multiply and die, the sludge within the tank increases over time and a waste activated sludge (WAS) pump removes some of the sludge during the settling stage to a digester for further treatment. The quantity or “age” of sludge within the tank is closely monitored, as this can have a
320:
The decanting stage most commonly involves the slow lowering of a scoop or “trough” into the basin. This has a piped connection to a lagoon where the final effluent is stored for disposal to a wetland, tree plantation, ocean outfall, or to be further treated for use on parks, golf courses etc.
329:
In some situations in which a traditional treatment plant cannot fulfill required treatment (due to higher loading rates, stringent treatment requirements, etc.), the owner might opt to convert their traditional system into a multi-SBR plant. Conversion to SBR will create a longer sludge age,
139:
First, the inlet valve is opened and the tank is filled, while mixing is provided by mechanical means, but no air is added yet. This stage is also called the anoxic stage. During the second stage, aeration of the mixed liquor is performed by the use of fixed or floating mechanical pumps or by
98:
and filling. In some systems, tanks contain a section known as the bio-selector, which consists of a series of walls or baffles which direct the flow either from side to side of the tank or under and over consecutive baffles. This helps to mix the incoming influent and the
337:. SBR treatment systems that cannot cope up with a sudden constant increase of influent may easily be converted into EA plants. Extended aeration plants are more flexible in flow rate, eliminating restrictions presented by pumps located throughout the SBR systems.
463:
Strous, M.; Heijnen, J. J.; Kuenen, J. G.; Jetten, M. S. M. (1998). "The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms".
144:
fixed to the floor of the tank. No aeration or mixing is provided in the third stage and the settling of suspended solids starts. During the fourth stage the outlet valve opens and the "clean"
129:
275:
to flourish. Many of these, and some of the bacteria which would prefer an oxygen environment, now start to use oxidized nitrogen instead of oxygen gas (as an alternate
214:
Aeration times vary according to the plant size and the composition/quantity of the incoming liquor, but are typically 60 to 90 minutes. The addition of
1057:
82:
While there are several configurations of SBRs, the basic process is similar. The installation consists of one or more tanks that can be operated as
310:, or the study of slow-growing microorganisms. In this case, the reactors are purged of oxygen by flushing with inert gas and there is no aeration.
603:
58:
facilities in batches. Oxygen is bubbled through the mixture of wastewater and activated sludge to reduce the organic matter (measured as
543:
1287:
1261:
360:
909:
365:
179:
263:(alum) is often added during this period. It reacts to form non-soluble compounds, which settle into the sludge in the next stage.
1050:
623:
618:
515:
1539:
1363:
904:
1272:
1043:
774:
428:
201:
1353:
1277:
1250:
1130:
1100:
864:
834:
804:
55:
578:
418:
183:
94:) flowing out the other. In systems with multiple tanks, while one tank is in settle/decant mode the other is
854:
678:
638:
298:
66:(COD)). The treated effluent may be suitable for discharge to surface waters or possibly for use on land.
1135:
779:
1493:
1432:
919:
686:
387:
Irvine, Robert L.; Busch, Arthur W. (1979-01-01). "Sequencing Batch
Biological Reactors: An Overview".
317:
The sludge is allowed to settle until clear water is on the top 20 to 30 percent of the tank contents.
276:
103:(RAS), beginning the biological digestion process before the liquor enters the main part of the tank.
1488:
1473:
1206:
1090:
691:
59:
1478:
1422:
1191:
1176:
1150:
1066:
608:
508:
1201:
1186:
1171:
879:
819:
746:
588:
172:
1468:
1196:
1165:
1155:
1080:
736:
731:
696:
63:
1380:
1347:
1216:
141:
222:
and they consume the nutrients. This process encourages the conversion of nitrogen from its
1518:
1448:
1438:
1375:
1311:
1125:
1095:
945:
756:
86:
or completely mixed reactors. The tanks have a “flow through” system, with raw wastewater (
43:
8:
1503:
1498:
1453:
1412:
1342:
859:
844:
799:
598:
501:
350:
1321:
1303:
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1211:
1181:
985:
950:
894:
814:
789:
558:
538:
480:
396:
272:
51:
306:
An anoxic SBR can be used for anaerobic processes, such as the removal of ammonia via
1544:
1368:
1245:
1024:
809:
706:
553:
451:
424:
355:
334:
260:
484:
1463:
1417:
1384:
1358:
1332:
1282:
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1120:
1115:
1085:
940:
899:
884:
784:
764:
472:
219:
39:
1227:
1483:
1458:
1326:
1316:
975:
849:
563:
292:
280:
1407:
1389:
1160:
1140:
1105:
1000:
980:
970:
965:
955:
935:
874:
769:
701:
643:
628:
573:
450:
New
England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission, Lowell, MA (2005).
1533:
1145:
1110:
658:
583:
241:
1508:
1427:
1035:
1005:
889:
839:
711:
668:
333:
The reverse can also be done, in which SBR Systems would be converted into
476:
19:
1443:
995:
990:
914:
869:
829:
726:
633:
145:
400:
960:
824:
524:
284:
256:
247:
186: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1513:
1236:
794:
741:
593:
338:
83:
161:
721:
613:
548:
230:
95:
1337:
648:
452:"Sequencing Batch Reactor Design and Operational Considerations."
307:
237:
233:
226:
16:
Type of activated sludge process for the treatment of wastewater
663:
653:
330:
minimizing sludge handling requirements downstream of the SBR.
215:
47:
302:
Tree plantations may be irrigated with the final SBR effluent.
128:
568:
493:
223:
74:
462:
341:
can be retrofitted in the equalization tanks of the SBR.
716:
279:) and convert the nitrogen to a gaseous state, as
416:
1531:
111:There are five stages in the treatment process:
218:to the liquor encourages the multiplication of
1051:
509:
1065:
420:Troubleshooting the Sequencing Batch Reactor
389:Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation)
386:
1058:
1044:
516:
502:
361:List of waste-water treatment technologies
151:
90:) coming in at one end and treated water (
412:
410:
366:Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestion
202:Learn how and when to remove this message
1151:Environmentally healthy community design
314:marked effect on the treatment process.
297:
246:
127:
73:
18:
1532:
465:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
407:
78:The phases in the operation of an SBR.
1039:
497:
382:
380:
184:adding citations to reliable sources
155:
106:
13:
1288:waste-water treatment technologies
905:Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation
14:
1556:
1273:agricultural wastewater treatment
775:Agricultural wastewater treatment
377:
283:or, ideally, molecular nitrogen (
1226:
1019:
1018:
160:
46:. SBRs treat wastewater such as
1354:List of energy storage projects
1278:industrial wastewater treatment
1131:Environmental impact assessment
1101:Environmental impact assessment
835:Industrial wastewater treatment
805:Decentralized wastewater system
171:needs additional citations for
56:mechanical biological treatment
523:
456:
444:
335:extended aeration (EA) systems
1:
855:Rotating biological contactor
371:
324:
7:
1136:Environmental impact design
344:
259:compounds from the liquor,
69:
10:
1561:
1494:High-performance buildings
920:Wastewater treatment plant
687:Adsorbable organic halides
417:Ronald L. Antonie (2011).
277:terminal electron acceptor
271:now more suitable for the
240:forms, a process known as
23:An SBR in the Philippines.
1540:Environmental engineering
1489:Heat recovery ventilation
1474:Environmental remediation
1399:
1302:
1235:
1224:
1091:Climate smart agriculture
1073:
1014:
928:
755:
692:Biochemical oxygen demand
677:
531:
423:. John Wiley & Sons.
101:returned activated sludge
60:biochemical oxygen demand
36:sequential batch reactors
28:Sequencing batch reactors
1479:Glass in green buildings
1423:sustainable architecture
1067:Environmental technology
291:) gas. This is known as
880:Sewage sludge treatment
820:Fecal sludge management
780:API oil–water separator
747:Wastewater surveillance
152:Removal of constituents
148:liquor exits the tank.
44:treatment of wastewater
1469:Environmental movement
1166:Sustainability science
1156:Public interest design
1081:Appropriate technology
737:Total suspended solids
732:Total dissolved solids
697:Chemical oxygen demand
303:
252:
140:transferring air into
133:
79:
64:chemical oxygen demand
24:
1348:hydrogen technologies
1262:Solid waste treatment
604:Industrial wastewater
477:10.1007/s002530051340
301:
250:
142:fine bubble diffusers
131:
77:
22:
1519:Water heat recycling
1449:Efficient energy use
1439:Conservation biology
1376:Sustainable lighting
1312:Efficient energy use
1126:Environmental Design
1096:Environmental design
946:Groundwater recharge
180:improve this article
1504:Nature conservation
1499:Land rehabilitation
1454:Energy conservation
1343:carbon-neutral fuel
1251:dispersion modeling
860:Secondary treatment
845:Membrane bioreactor
800:Constructed wetland
599:Infiltration/Inflow
351:Aerobic granulation
52:anaerobic digesters
1322:Energy development
1304:Sustainable energy
1293:water purification
1257:Industrial ecology
1025:Category: Sewerage
986:Septic drain field
951:Infiltration basin
895:Stabilization pond
815:Facultative lagoon
679:Quality indicators
559:Blackwater (waste)
539:Acid mine drainage
304:
273:anaerobic bacteria
253:
251:An SBR in Bunbury.
134:
80:
25:
1527:
1526:
1364:commercialization
1033:
1032:
810:Extended aeration
757:Treatment options
707:Oxygen saturation
554:Blackwater (coal)
532:Sources and types
356:Diffuser (sewage)
261:aluminium sulfate
212:
211:
204:
1552:
1464:Energy recycling
1385:electric vehicle
1359:Renewable energy
1333:alternative fuel
1283:sewage treatment
1267:Waste management
1230:
1121:Energy recycling
1116:Electric vehicle
1086:Clean technology
1060:
1053:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1022:
1021:
941:Evaporation pond
929:Disposal options
900:Trickling filter
885:Sewage treatment
785:Carbon filtering
765:Activated sludge
518:
511:
504:
495:
494:
489:
488:
460:
454:
448:
442:
441:
439:
437:
414:
405:
404:
384:
220:aerobic bacteria
207:
200:
196:
193:
187:
164:
156:
107:Treatment stages
42:process for the
40:activated sludge
1560:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1484:Green computing
1459:Energy recovery
1395:
1327:Energy recovery
1317:Electrification
1298:
1244:Air pollution (
1231:
1222:
1069:
1064:
1034:
1029:
1010:
976:Reclaimed water
924:
850:Reverse osmosis
751:
673:
639:Reverse osmosis
564:Boiler blowdown
527:
522:
492:
461:
457:
449:
445:
435:
433:
431:
415:
408:
385:
378:
374:
347:
327:
293:denitrification
290:
281:nitrogen oxides
208:
197:
191:
188:
177:
165:
154:
132:An anammox SBR.
109:
72:
50:or output from
17:
12:
11:
5:
1558:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1390:hybrid vehicle
1387:
1381:Transportation
1378:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1163:
1161:Sustainability
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1141:Green building
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1106:Eco-innovation
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
1001:Surface runoff
998:
993:
988:
983:
981:Sanitary sewer
978:
973:
971:Marine outfall
968:
966:Marine dumping
963:
958:
956:Injection well
953:
948:
943:
938:
936:Combined sewer
932:
930:
926:
925:
923:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
875:Settling basin
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
770:Aerated lagoon
767:
761:
759:
753:
752:
750:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
702:Coliform index
699:
694:
689:
683:
681:
675:
674:
672:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
644:Sanitary sewer
641:
636:
631:
629:Produced water
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
574:Combined sewer
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
535:
533:
529:
528:
521:
520:
513:
506:
498:
491:
490:
471:(5): 589–596.
455:
443:
429:
406:
395:(2): 235–243.
375:
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288:
210:
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168:
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105:
71:
68:
38:are a type of
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9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:New Classical
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1402:
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1370:
1367:
1365:
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1279:
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1274:
1270:
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1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:refurbishment
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:Sustainable (
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1146:Green vehicle
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1111:Ecotechnology
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974:
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881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
865:Sedimentation
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861:
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853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
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695:
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665:
662:
660:
659:Sewage sludge
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632:
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584:Cooling water
582:
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579:Cooling tower
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
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544:Ballast water
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519:
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430:9781118058220
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242:nitrification
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192:February 2018
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169:This section
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21:
1509:Permaculture
1428:New Urbanism
1400:Conservation
1192:food systems
1177:architecture
1006:Vacuum sewer
890:Sewer mining
840:Ion exchange
790:Chlorination
712:Heavy metals
669:Urban runoff
609:Ion exchange
589:Fecal sludge
468:
464:
458:
446:
434:. Retrieved
419:
392:
388:
332:
328:
319:
316:
312:
305:
267:
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254:
213:
198:
189:
178:Please help
173:verification
170:
138:
110:
100:
91:
87:
81:
35:
31:
27:
26:
1444:Ecoforestry
1202:procurement
1187:development
1172:agriculture
996:Storm drain
991:Sewage farm
915:Vermifilter
870:Septic tank
830:Imhoff tank
727:Temperature
634:Return flow
624:Papermaking
436:27 February
146:supernatant
1534:Categories
1413:insulation
1406:Building (
1369:transition
1212:technology
1197:industries
961:Irrigation
825:Filtration
525:Wastewater
372:References
339:Clarifiers
325:Conversion
285:dinitrogen
257:phosphorus
255:To remove
62:(BOD) and
1514:Recycling
1237:Pollution
1217:transport
795:Clarifier
742:Turbidity
594:Greywater
84:plug flow
1545:Sewerage
722:Salinity
614:Leachate
549:Bathroom
485:33437272
401:25039819
345:See also
268:settling
231:oxidized
229:form to
96:aerating
92:effluent
88:influent
70:Overview
1418:natural
1338:biofuel
1271:Water (
1246:control
1074:General
649:Septage
308:Anammox
238:nitrate
234:nitrite
227:ammonia
224:reduced
1331:Fuel (
1182:design
1023:
664:Toilet
654:Sewage
619:Manure
483:
427:
399:
216:oxygen
124:Decant
121:Settle
48:sewage
1408:green
569:Brine
481:S2CID
397:JSTOR
118:React
34:) or
910:UASB
438:2018
425:ISBN
266:The
236:and
135:Idle
115:Fill
473:doi
287:, N
182:by
54:or
32:SBR
1536::
717:pH
479:.
469:50
467:.
409:^
393:51
391:.
379:^
295:.
244:.
1435:)
1392:)
1383:(
1350:)
1295:)
1253:)
1219:)
1059:e
1052:t
1045:v
517:e
510:t
503:v
487:.
475::
440:.
403:.
289:2
205:)
199:(
194:)
190:(
176:.
30:(
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