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106:. Large herds of cattle would be managed across wide-open plains, with no fences to contain them. In these unbounded spaces, cattle were able to run freely, and sometimes the whole herd would take off in the same direction unexpectedly. Cowboys developed techniques to deal with this situation and calm the cattle, to stop the stampede and regain control of their herd. The term "stampede" came from the Mexican Spanish term
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Animals who stampede, especially cattle, are less likely to do so after having eaten and watered, and if they are spread out in smaller groups to digest. To further reduce the risk of stampedes, cowboys sometimes sing or whistle to calm the herds disquieted by nightfall. Those on watch at night avoid
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While media and popular culture depictions tend to exaggerate dangers associated with stampedes, and popular news reports of such instances often mention "panic", actual instances of mass panic are rare, and panic itself is rarely the cause of fatalities in such events. In a stampede, the difference
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A human stampede is an event that can occur in dangerously large or dense crowds of people, and can result in a large number of fatalities or other casualties of crowd-goers. Stampedes typically occur when a large group of people all try to get away from a perceived danger. The phenomenon is similar
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One method used for stopping a stampede is to turn the moving herd into itself so that it runs in wide circles, rather than running off a cliff or into a river. The circle can be made smaller and smaller, eventually forcing the herd to slow down due to lack of space in which to run. Tactics used to
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Stampede is not only an incorrect term, it is a loaded word, as it assigns blame to the victims for behaving in an irrational, self-destructive, unthinking and uncaring manner, it's pure ignorance, and laziness It gives the impression that it was a mindless crowd only caring about themselves, and
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Cattle herds tended to be nervous, and any unusual occurrence, particularly a sudden or unexpected noise, could scare the cattle and kick off a stampede. Things such as a gunshot, a lightning strike, a clap of thunder, someone jumping off a horse, a horse shaking itself, or even a tumbleweed being
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in both the conditions in which they begin (dangerous levels of crowding) and in the number and severity of casualties that can occur. One prominent difference between the two is that people stampeding have space to run from the danger, whereas people in a crowd crush have nowhere to go. However,
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The tragic event is being described as a crowd crush or surge, which is different from a stampede. ... A crowd crush is when people are packed in a confined space and keep pushing, causing the crowd to fall in a "domino effect" making it hard for people to get up again. The bigger the crowd, the
176:... far from mass panic occurring, being in an emergency can create a common identity among those affected. A consequence of this is that people are cooperative and altruistic towards others – even when among strangers, and/or in life–threatening situations.
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stronger the effect of the crowd crush is. ... A stampede by contrast implies that people have space to run. It occurs when a larger group of people, which can be frightened or excited, run together in an uncontrolled way to escape from something.
487:
Cocking, Christopher; Drury, John; Reicher, Steve (November 2012). "The psychology of crowd behaviour in emergency evacuations: Results from two interview studies and implications for the Fire and Rescue
Services".
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there has been little research conducted into what happens during a human stampede, or what exactly causes them to start. As a result, the terminology of stampedes, crushes, and collapses is not well-defined.
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suddenly start running in the same direction, especially because they are excited or frightened. Although the term is most often applied to animals, there are cases of humans stampeding from danger too.
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The truth is that people are only directly crushed by others who have no choice in the matter, and the people who can choose don't know what is going on because they're too far away from the epicentre.
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If you look at the analysis, I've not seen any instances of the cause of mass fatalities being a stampede. People don't die because they panic. They panic because they are dying.
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In virtually all these situations, this is not the case, and it is usually the authorities to blame for poor planning, poor design, poor control, poor policing and mismanagement.
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Such incidents have become more common in modern times, as improvements in global transportation allow people to gather in large numbers more easily.
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doing things which could startle the herd and even distance themselves before dismounting a horse or lighting a match.
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make the herd turn into itself include firing a pistol, which creates noise to make the leaders of the stampede turn.
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in speed between the front of a crowd and the back can cause people to fall over each other and pile up, causing
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675:"Crowd crushes: how disasters like Itaewon happen, how can they be prevented, and the 'stampede' myth"
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for hunting purposes, and harvest the animals after they are killed or incapacitated by the fall.
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is rarely the cause of fatal injuries in stampede conditions, unless egress is impeded.
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649:"Crush Point: When large crowds assemble, is there a way to keep them safe?"
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Sometimes humans purposefully induce cattle to stampede as a component of
458:"Hajj crush: how crowd disasters happen, and how they can be avoided"
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517:"Why Crowd Crushes Like South Korea's Halloween Surge Are So Deadly"
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571:"Seoul tragedy: The difference between crowd crush and stampede"
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597:"HOW HUMAN STAMPEDES, LIKE THE ONE NEAR MECCA, TURN DEADLY"
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Edwin Galea, professor of fire safety engineering at the
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blown into the herd have been known to cause stampedes.
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166:Keith Still, professor of crowd science at
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332:"The Cattle Drive and Westward Expansion"
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623:"The secret science that rules crowds"
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435:, Courier Dover Publications, 2003,
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209:they were prepared to crush people.
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673:Lock, Samantha (1 November 2022).
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456:Benedictus, Leo (3 October 2015).
168:Manchester Metropolitan University
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515:Syed, Armani (31 October 2022).
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621:Ro, Christine (21 March 2018).
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307:. The Core Knowledge Foundation
502:10.1080/03033910.2009.10446298
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149:Human stampedes and crushes
409:"Cowboy Up: Stop a stampede"
137:, who were known to provoke
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490:Irish Journal of Psychology
358:Online Etymology Dictionary
302:"Cowboys and Cattle Drives"
270:Oxford Learner's Dictionary
240:List of fatal crowd crushes
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189:crowd collapses and crushes
155:Crowd collapses and crushes
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181:Cocking, Drury and Reicher
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407:Welch, Bob (2015-03-05).
21:Stampede (disambiguation)
546:"Stampede: What to Know"
141:herds to stampede off a
275:Oxford University Press
223:University of Greenwich
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30:Wild horses stampeding
544:Sreenivas, Shishira.
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265:"stampede 1 (noun)"
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354:"stampede"
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252:References
632:14 August
472:4 October
225:, England
202:Trampling
108:estampida
104:Wild West
694:Category
466:Archived
234:See also
219:—
36:stampede
700:Hazards
131:hunting
127:warfare
100:cowboys
75:animals
658:17 May
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338:16 May
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550:WebMD
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305:(PDF)
245:Rodeo
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634:2018
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521:Time
474:2015
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