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side. Size of stones was central to the McAdam's road building theory. The lower 200-millimetre (8 in) road thickness was restricted to stones no larger than 75 millimetres (3.0 in). The upper 50-millimetre (2 in) layer of stones was limited to 20 millimetres (1 in) size and stones were checked by supervisors who carried scales. A workman could check the stone size himself by seeing if the stone would fit into his mouth. The importance of the 20 mm stone size was that the stones needed to be much smaller than the 100 mm width of the iron
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401:
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919:, placing a typical macadam layer, and finally sealing the macadam with a mixture of tar and sand. Tar-grouted macadam was in use well before 1900 and involved scarifying the surface of an existing macadam pavement, spreading tar, and re-compacting. Although the use of tar in road construction was known in the 19th century, it was little used and was not introduced on a large scale until the motorcar arrived on the scene in the early 20th century.
36:
661:
693:. The basic principle was that the trustees would manage resources from the several parishes through which the highway passed, augment this with tolls from users from outside the parishes and apply the whole to the maintenance of the main highway. This became the pattern for the turnpiking of a growing number of highways, sought by those who wished to improve flow of commerce through their part of a county.
1541:, or in some cases colored electric lights, all modeled on railroad signals. In the 20th century signals were automated, at first with electromechanical devices and later with computers. Signals can be quite sophisticated: with vehicle sensors embedded in the pavement, the signal can control and choreograph the turning movements of heavy traffic in the most complex of intersections. In the 1920s
1514:
757:
860:). His road building method was simpler than Telford's, yet more effective at protecting roadways: he discovered that massive foundations of rock upon rock were unnecessary, and asserted that native soil alone would support the road and traffic upon it, as long as it was covered by a road crust that would protect the soil underneath from water and wear.
833:
to take place, a major improvement on the work of Trésaguet. The surface of his roads consisted of broken stone. He also improved on methods for the building of roads by improving the selection of stone based on thickness, taking into account traffic, alignment and slopes. During his later years, Telford was responsible for rebuilding sections of the
1475:, one which slowly will "flow" under the pounding of traffic. Concrete is a rigid pavement, which can take heavier loads but is more expensive and requires more carefully prepared subbase. So, generally, major roads are concrete and local roads are asphalt. Concrete roads are often covered with a thin layer of asphalt to create a wearing surface.
825:) is to transfer the weight of the road and its traffic to the ground, while protecting the ground from deformation by spreading the weight evenly. Therefore, the sub-base did not have to be a self-supporting structure. The upper running surface provided a smooth surface for vehicles while protecting the large stones of the sub-base.
1849:
was passed, funding non-toll roads with 90% federal dollars and 10% state match, giving little incentive for states to expand their turnpike system. Funding rules initially restricted collections of tolls on newly funded roadways, bridges, and tunnels. In some situations, expansion or rebuilding of a
1147:
and access to highways but to not parkways and freeways; the latter two are distinguished in that the purpose of a parkway is recreation, while the purpose of a freeway is movement. Thus as originally conceived, a freeway is a strip of public land devoted to movement to which abutting property owners
902:
between cities and to help rural populations gain the social and economic benefits enjoyed by cities where citizens benefited from railroads, trolleys and paved streets. Even more than traditional vehicles, the newly invented bicycles could benefit from good country roads. Later on, they did not hold
684:
that gave the local justices powers to erect toll-gates on the roads, in exchange for professional upkeep. The toll-gate erected at Wade's Mill became the first effective toll-gate in
England. The first scheme that had trustees who were not justices was established through a turnpike act in 1707, for
528:
The nature of road transportation of goods depends on, apart from the degree of development of the local infrastructure, the distance the goods are transported by road, the weight and volume of an individual shipment, and the type of goods transported. For short distances and light small shipments, a
1556:
In the 20th century traffic control devices were standardized. Before then every locality decided on what its devices would look like and where they would be applied. This could be confusing, especially to traffic from outside the locality. In the United States standardization was first taken at the
1482:
Shoulders are also an integral part of highway design. They are multipurpose; they can provide a margin of side clearance, a refuge for incapacitated vehicles, an emergency lane, and parking space. They also serve a design purpose, and that is to prevent water from percolating into the soil near the
1869:
Since the completion of the initial portion of the
Interstate Highway System, regulations were changed, and portions of toll facilities have been added to the system. Some states are again looking at toll financing for new roads and maintenance, to supplement limited federal funding. In some areas,
1737:
With the development, mass production, and popular embrace of the automobile, faster and higher capacity roads were needed. In the 1920s limited access highways appeared. Their main characteristics were dual roadways with access points limited to (but not always) grade-separated interchanges. Their
832:
also made substantial advances in the engineering of new roads and the construction of bridges. His method of road building involved the digging of a large trench in which a foundation of heavy rock was set. He also designed his roads so that they sloped downwards from the centre, allowing drainage
1478:
Modern pavements are designed for heavier vehicle loads and faster speeds, requiring thicker slabs and deeper subbase. Subbase is the layer or successive layers of stone, gravel and sand supporting the pavement. It is needed to spread out the slab load bearing on the underlying soil and to conduct
863:
Also unlike
Telford and other road builders, McAdam laid his roads as level as possible. His 30-foot-wide (9 m) road required only a rise of three inches from the edges to the center. Cambering and elevation of the road above the water table enabled rainwater to run off into ditches on either
820:
in France at the same time. He wrote a memorandum on his method in 1775, which became general practice in France. It involved a layer of large rocks, covered by a layer of smaller gravel. The lower layer improved on Roman practice in that it was based on the understanding that the purpose of this
1733:
Toll roads peaked in the mid 19th century, and by the turn of the twentieth century most toll roads were taken over by state highway departments. The demise of this early toll road era was due to the rise of canals and railroads, which were more efficient (and thus cheaper) in moving freight over
1646:
were usually built by private companies under a government franchise. They typically paralleled or replaced routes already with some volume of commerce, hoping the improved road would divert enough traffic to make the enterprise profitable. Plank roads were particularly attractive as they greatly
1682:
Companies were formed to build, improve, and maintain a particular section of roadway, and tolls were collected from users to finance the enterprise. The enterprise was usually named to indicate the locale of its roadway, often including the name of one of both of the termini. The word
1249:
operate either independently – working directly for the client – or through freight carriers or shipping agents. Some big companies (e.g. grocery store chains) operate their own internal trucking operations. The market size for general freight trucking was nearly $ 125 billion in 2010.
1670:
in current terminology). When the toll was paid the pike, which was mounted on a swivel, was turned to allow the vehicle to pass. Tolls were usually based on the type of cargo being transported, not the type of vehicle. The practice of selecting routes so as to avoid tolls is called
1529:. Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver. Broadly, these fall into three categories: signs, signals or pavement markings. They help the driver navigate; they assign the right-of-way at intersections; they indicate laws such as
1053:, contained only one lane in each direction and no interchanges. The Bronx River Parkway was the first road in North America to utilize a median strip to separate the opposing lanes, to be constructed through a park and where intersecting streets crossed over bridges. The
926:, who noticed that spilled tar on the roadway kept the dust down and created a smooth surface. He took out a patent in 1901 for tarmac. Hooley's 1901 patent involved mechanically mixing tar and aggregate prior to lay-down and then compacting the mixture with a
1560:
Besides signals, signs, and markings, other forms of traffic control are designed and built into the roadway. For instance, curbs and rumble strips can be used to keep traffic in a given lane and median barriers can prevent left turns and even U-turns.
1536:
Two hundred years ago these devices were signs, nearly all informal. In the late 19th century signals began to appear in the biggest cities at a few highly congested intersections. They were manually operated, and consisted of semaphores, flags or
1486:
Pavement technology is still evolving, albeit in not easily noticed increments. For instance, chemical additives in the pavement mix make the pavement more weather resistant, grooving and other surface treatments improve resistance to skidding and
453:. Transport on roads can be roughly grouped into the transportation of goods and transportation of people. In many countries licensing requirements and safety regulations ensure a separation of the two industries. Movement along roads may be by
1548:
In the 1920s pavement markings were introduced. Initially they were used to indicate the road's centerline. Soon after they were coded with information to aid motorists in passing safely. Later, with multi-lane roads they were used to define
735:
The quality of early turnpike roads was varied. Although turnpiking did result in some improvement to each highway, the technologies used to deal with geological features, drainage, and the effects of weather were all in their infancy.
1328:
record the times the vehicle is in motion and stopped. Some companies use two drivers per truck to ensure uninterrupted transportation; with one driver resting or sleeping in a bunk in the back of the cab while the other is driving.
1842:, and full access control, though many sections don't meet these standards due to older construction or constraints. This system created a continental-sized network meant to connect every population center of 50,000 people or more.
1381:
conform to maximum allowed standards. This may involve using on-board weight gauges (load pressure gauges), knowing the empty weight of the transport vehicle and the weight of the load, or using a commercial weight scale. In route
1386:
check that gross vehicle weights do not exceed the maximum weight for that particular jurisdiction and will include individual axle weights. This varies by country, states within a country, and may include federal standards. The
1349:) truckers need a licence, which usually requires them to pass an exam (e.g. in the EU). They have to make sure they affix proper labels for the respective hazard(s) to their vehicle. Liquid goods are transported by road in
2557:
1479:
away any water getting under the slabs. Water will undermine a pavement over time, so much of pavement and pavement joint design are meant to minimize the amount of water getting and staying under the slabs.
1417:, OIML R 134-2 (2009). The process may involve a scale house and low-speed scales or higher-speed WIM road or bridge scales with the goal of public safety, as well as road and bridge safety, according to the
657:, new roads and bridges began to be built, often based on Roman designs. Although there were attempts to rediscover Roman methods, there was little useful innovation in road building before the 18th century.
1647:
reduced rolling resistance and mitigated the problem of getting mired in mud. Another improvement, better grading to lessen the steepness of the worst stretches, allowed draft animals to haul heavier loads.
1734:
long distances. Roads wouldn't again be competitive with rails and barges until the first half of the 20th century when the internal combustion engine replaces draft animals as the source of motive power.
1483:
main pavement's edge. Shoulder pavement is designed to a lower standard than the pavement in the traveled way and won't hold up as well to traffic, so driving on the shoulder is generally prohibited.
716:
were established with the function of collecting yearly taxes based on the goods carried by the people of
Dahomey and their occupation. The Royal Road was built in the late 18th century by King
1765:
built in the 1930s introduced higher design standards and speeds, road planners and road-builders in the United States started developing and building toll roads to similar high standards. The
633:
used deep roadbeds of crushed stone as an underlying layer to ensure that they kept dry, as the water would flow out from the crushed stone, instead of becoming mud in clay soils. The
Islamic
1557:
state level, and late in the century at the federal level. Each country has a Manual of
Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and there are efforts to blend them into a worldwide standard.
999:. Traffic could turn left between the parkway and connectors, crossing oncoming traffic, so it was not a controlled-access highway (or "freeway" as later defined by the federal government's
748:
in the 1760s. British turnpike builders began to realize the importance of selecting clean stones for surfacing while excluding vegetable material and clay, resulting in more durable roads.
848:
Construction of the first macadamized road in the United States (1823). In the foreground, workers are breaking stones "so as not to exceed 6 ounces in weight or to pass a two-inch ring".
2597:
1010:, the demand for faster movement between cities and as a consequence of improvements in paving processes, techniques and materials. These original high-speed roads were referred to as "
1308:
To avoid accidents caused by fatigue, truckers have to adhere to strict rules for drive time and required rest periods. In the United States and Canada, these regulations are known as
545:
or other non-motorized mode. Delivery services are sometimes considered a separate category from cargo transport. In many places, fast food is transported on roads by various types of
1533:
and parking regulations; they advise of potential hazards; they indicate passing and no passing zones; and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe.
2675:
1317:
1545:
learned how to coordinate signals along a thoroughfare to increase its speeds and volumes. In the 1980s, with computers, similar coordination of whole networks became possible.
2112:
1402:. Many states, not on the national road system, use their own road and bridge standards. Enforcement scales may include portable scales, scale houses with low speed scales or
891:
occurred in the United States between the late 1870s and the 1920s. Advocates for improved roads led by bicyclists turned local agitation into a national political movement.
1886:
625:, there was a need for armies to be able to travel quickly from one region to another, and the roads that existed were often muddy, which greatly delayed the movement of
2706:
2537:
1788:. Several other major toll-roads which connected with the Pennsylvania Turnpike were established before the creation of the Interstate Highway System. These were the
2846:
1947:
strip that kept the wheel from wearing out quickly. Pneumatic tyres, which had a larger footprint than iron tyres, also were less likely to get bogged down in the
2183:
708:
that connected the
Ashanti capital with territories within its jurisdiction and influence. After significant road construction undertaken by the kingdom of
2952:
537:
may be used. For large shipments even if less than a full truckload a truck is more appropriate. (Also see
Trucking and Hauling below). In some countries
2314:
871:
that traveled on the road. Macadam roads were being built widely in the United States and
Australia in the 1820s and in Europe in the 1830s and 1840s.
2629:
898:
and maintenance was supported by national and local governments. In its early years, the main goal of the movement was education for road building in
806:
to drain quickly into ditches at the side. He understood the importance of good drainage, knowing it was rain that caused most problems on the roads.
1273:). On some long runs only cargo for one leg of the route (to) is known when the cargo is loaded. Truckers may have to wait at the destination for a
690:
4083:
311:
1585:
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Macadam roads were adequate for use by horses and carriages or coaches, but they were very dusty and subject to erosion with heavy rain. The
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767:
By the late 18th and early 19th centuries, new methods of highway construction had been pioneered by the work of three
British engineers,
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1392:
1017:
Italy was the first country in the world to build controlled-access highways reserved for fast traffic and for motor vehicles only. The
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2485:
2344:
1830:
In the United States, beginning in 1956, Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the
2108:
1000:
798:, mainly in the north of England, from 1765. He believed a good road should have good foundations, be well drained and have a smooth
1780:
interrupted the evolution of the highway, the US resumed building toll roads. They were to still higher standards and one road, the
2483:
From: 'Northern Millwall: Tooke Town', Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs (1994), pp. 423-433
1966:
1961:
987:, opened in 1908 as a private venture, was the world's first limited-access roadway. It included many modern features, including
560:
may also be locally available. There are also specialist modes of road transport for particular situations, such as ambulances.
2981:
1814:
2212:
1357:. For transportation of live animals special requirements have to be met in many countries to prevent cruelty to animals (see
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379:
100:
809:
780:
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1976:
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72:
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1971:
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Outside cities, roads were dirt or gravel; mud in the winter and dust in the summer. Early organizers cited Europe where
856:, who designed the first modern roads. He developed an inexpensive paving material of soil and stone aggregate (known as
429:
245:
17:
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2163:
1927:, and speeds increased, the need for smoother roads and less vertical displacement became more apparent, and pneumatic
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79:
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879:
119:
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1986:
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toll facility using Interstate Highway Program funding resulted in the removal of existing tolls. This occurred in
1776:, toll roads saw a resurgence, this time to fund limited access highways. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, after
665:
2033:
1846:
1006:
Modern controlled-access highways originated in the early 1920s in response to the rapidly increasing use of the
53:
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came into common use in the names of these roadways and companies, and is essentially used interchangeably with
1353:(in American English) or tanker lorries (in British English) (also road-tankers) or special tank containers for
86:
3021:
2948:
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2226:
2038:
1338:
57:
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1269:), while others transport goods from many different loading stations/shippers to various consignees per run (
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probably originated from the gate, often a simple pike, which blocked passage until the fare was paid at a
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68:
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2016:
2006:
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By 1956, most limited access highways in the eastern United States were toll roads. In that year, the
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1553:. Other uses, such as indicating permitted turning movements and pedestrian crossings soon followed.
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215:
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1769:, which largely followed the path of a partially built railroad, was the first, opening in 1940.
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transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to
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boasted the longest illuminated stretch of roadway built. A decade later, the first section of
1097:
1096:, which featured a median divider between opposing traffic flow, as well as the nation's first
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838:
321:
250:
1903:
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4119:
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3100:
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2526:. (Details of this story vary a bit, but the essence of is the same, as are the basic facts).
2011:
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331:
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The newest policy passed by Congress and the Obama administration regarding highways is the
93:
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2732:. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Historical Committee. p. 55.
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was opened, based on earlier designs. It has since become North America's busiest highway.
1104:, which featured a cloverleaf and trumpet interchange when it opened in 1937 and until the
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8:
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Some loads are weighed at the point of origin and the driver is responsible for ensuring
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2001:
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1467:. Both are based on McAdam's concept of stone aggregate in a binder, asphalt cement or
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1297:
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People are transported on roads. Special modes of individual transport by road such as
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US Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration (Accessed 2008-10-10)
1822:
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The World Beyond the Windshield: Roads and Landscapes in the United States and Europe
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Ways of the World: A History of the World's Roads and of the Vehicles That Used Them
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1996:
1981:
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1123:. Bassett argued that roads should be classified into three basic types: highways,
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in 1799 and eventually extended, by several alternate routes, to near what is now
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The Polish transport company Bedmet uses a special vehicle to transport two large
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Bassett, Edward M. (February 1930). "The Freeway: A New Kind of Thoroughfare".
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1991:
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improved slowly, initially through the efforts of individual surveyors such as
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Patton, Phil (9 October 2008). "A 100-Year-Old Dream: A Road Just for Cars".
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The Early State in African Perspective: Culture, Power, and Division of Labor
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1675:. This may be simply to avoid the expense, as a form of economic protest (or
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issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight. On cross-
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Arizona - North America - Southwest - Interstate Highway System (4893585908)
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with tar date back to at least 1834 when John Henry Cassell, operating from
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Truck drivers often need special licenses to drive, known in the U.S. as a
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terminology) or haulage companies / hauliers (in British English) accept
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1212:
988:
980:
927:
822:
697:
654:
604:
517:. Various classes of road exist, from two-lane local roads with at-grade
470:
316:
275:
2630:"The "Milano-Laghi" by Piero Puricelli, the first motorway in the world"
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629:. To resolve this issue, the Romans built solid and lasting roads. The
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along with relatively gentle grades and curves allowed higher speeds.
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ever built in the world, in 1925, the year following its inauguration.
915:, patented "Pitch Macadam". This method involved spreading tar on the
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1261:. Some road transportation is done on regular routes or for only one
1028:
745:
713:
634:
199:
27:
Collective term for all forms of transport which takes place on roads
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35:
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1912:
1851:
1464:
1452:
916:
912:
865:
486:
290:
255:
220:
2951:. US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration.
1679:), or simply to seek a road less traveled as a bucolic interlude.
4124:
4001:
3839:
3769:
3671:
3511:
3483:
3413:
3403:
3299:
2246:(Volume I ed.). Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
1739:
1676:
1526:
1518:
1434:
1289:
1183:
1136:
1124:
1093:
1078:
904:
857:
717:
709:
642:
546:
454:
178:
1318:
Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1979
1296:). This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a
1224:"Trucking" redirects here. For the 1970 Grateful Dead song, see
756:
672:. The highway was deeply rutted and spread onto adjoining land.
660:
3824:
3819:
3738:
3443:
3269:
3122:
2583:, "Apparatus for the preparation of tar macadam", July 26, 1904
1345:
licence is required. For transport of hazardous materials (see
1285:
1084:
In Canada, the first precursor with semi-controlled access was
729:
725:
721:
494:
2921:
2757:
Asphalt and Politics: A History of the American Highway System
2598:"The motorway that built Italy: Piero Puricelli's masterpiece"
3534:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1887:
Surface and Air Transportation Programs Extension Act of 2011
1584:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1550:
1513:
1254:
1242:
1024:
1023:("Lakes Motorway"), the first built in the world, connecting
935:
868:
607:
592:
538:
510:
498:
490:
474:
466:
450:
1761:
area, they connected the region's system of parks. When the
1525:
Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control
763:, the "Colossus of the Roads" in early 19th century Britain.
509:. Commonly defined features of modern roads include defined
3899:
3854:
3468:
3331:
1944:
1940:
1928:
1898:
1430:
1217:
903:
up to higher-speed motor vehicle use. Methods to stabilise
803:
653:
As states developed and became richer, especially with the
600:
542:
2788:"Physical and Social Constructions of the Capital Beltway"
549:. For inner city delivery of small packages and documents
3053:
2109:"Road Transportation – A History and How We Use it Today"
1948:
1920:
786:
The first professional road builder to emerge during the
530:
462:
458:
2666:"Built to Meander, Parkway Fights to Keep Measured Pace"
541:
is transported by road in horse-drawn carriages, donkey
2980:. International Organization of Legal Metrology. 2009.
2203:
1014:" and have been modernized and are still in use today.
975:
evolved during the first half of the 20th century. The
596:
478:
922:
Modern tarmac was patented by British civil engineer
1862:
when a second parallel roadway to the regional 1958
2898:. European Commission. 19 June 2012. Archived from
2257:Alpern, Stanley B. (1999). "Dahomey's Royal Road".
1931:were developed to decrease the apparent roughness.
1047:and was inaugurated in 1924. This motorway, called
794:, who constructed about 180 miles (290 km) of
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2790:. In Mauch, Christof & Zeller, Thomas (eds.).
2235:
1784:, had standards that became the prototype for the
930:. The tar was modified by adding small amounts of
837:, a task completed by his assistant of ten years,
2624:
2622:
2620:
2464:
2324:
4375:
668:near High gate on the approach to London before
2425:
2406:
1834:was built. It uses 12 foot (3.65m) lanes, wide
1638:Eastlink - Wellington Rd Northbound Toll Gantry
1069:(opened 1936). In Germany, construction of the
751:
497:, and may be regarded as a feature of empires.
2794:. Athens: Ohio University Press. p. 195.
2727:
2617:
2591:
2589:
3022:
2761:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. p.
2535:
2505:Construction UK: Introduction to the Industry
2455:
1753:, so called because of their often park-like
1582:The examples and perspective in this section
1471:respectively. Asphalt is known as a flexible
481:. Standard networks of roads were adopted by
423:
2975:"International Recommendation (OIML R 134-2"
2728:Shragge, John & Bagnato, Sharon (1984).
2529:
2501:
1803:
1148:do not have rights of light, air or access.
2699:"Bronx River Parkway on an Endangered List"
2586:
2136:Webb. English Local Government. pp. 157-159
1907:Tire components -- NHTSA The Pneumatic Tire
1870:new road projects have been completed with
3029:
3015:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2696:
2595:
2495:
2241:
1600:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
505:, while passengers may be transported via
430:
416:
2508:, Oxford: Blackwell Science, p. 51,
2132:
2130:
1616:Learn how and when to remove this message
1001:Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
591:The first methods of road transport were
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2643:
2431:
2244:Dahomey: An Ancient West African Kingdom
2158:
1902:
1821:
1813:
1633:
1512:
1442:
1211:
1155:
1073:began in 1929 and was opened in 1932 by
944:
878:
843:
755:
676:Starting in the early 18th century, the
659:
578:
525:with all cross traffic grade-separated.
2867:
2821:
2808:
2321:Schools History.org, Accessed July 2011
1749:The first limited access highways were
1654:in the United States is often called a
1151:
1061:was closed in 1937 and replaced by the
883:Modes of road transport in Dublin, 1929
14:
4376:
2928:from the original on 20 September 2018
2752:
2649:
2378:
2342:
2256:
2127:
2111:. American Auto Move. 30 August 2012.
1738:dual roadways allowed high volumes of
3010:
2870:"Truck freight - nothing easier than"
2849:from the original on 22 December 2019
2560:from the original on 9 September 2021
2444:from the original on 14 November 2020
2165:Warfare in Atlantic Africa, 1500-1800
2115:from the original on 9 September 2013
1521:flow can create delays lasting hours.
3036:
2946:
2785:
2697:Hershenson, Roberta (18 June 1995).
2596:Lenarduzzi, Thea (30 January 2016).
2413:"1823 - First American Macadam Road"
1977:National Transportation Safety Board
1568:
1253:In the U.S. many truckers own their
1160:A truck transporting a container on
955:("Lakes Motorway"; now parts of the
648:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
2949:"Freight Management and Operations"
2896:"What do we want to achieve ?"
2470:
2343:Oxford, Robert (3 September 2003).
2330:
2051:
1972:Transportation in the United States
1826:San Diego Trolley over Interstate 8
1303:
1119:was first used in February 1930 by
599:or even humans carrying goods over
24:
4201:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
1892:
1494:
1100:. This highway developed into the
852:It was another Scottish engineer,
779:, and by the French road engineer
25:
4395:
3002:
2840:
1065:(opened 1931) and the contiguous
909:Cassell's Patent Lava Stone Works
4357:
4211:Transportation demand management
2876:from the original on 12 May 2013
2709:from the original on 14 May 2013
2678:from the original on 14 May 2013
2242:Herskovits, Melville J. (1967).
2022:
1987:Glossary of road transport terms
1573:
1292:for inspection (for EC see also
1196:
1176:
700:, road transport throughout the
399:
156:
145:
136:
34:
2987:from the original on 2014-01-06
2967:
2955:from the original on 2018-06-30
2947:Foxx, Anthony R. (2012-10-01).
2940:
2914:
2888:
2861:
2834:
2779:
2746:
2721:
2690:
2658:
2571:
2476:
2372:
2336:
2305:
2186:from the original on 2023-04-11
2045:
2034:Portal:Transport/Trucking media
1943:, had a tyre in the form of an
1847:Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956
1424:
1312:, and in the European Union as
874:
583:Road construction, depicted on
45:needs additional citations for
2924:. CAT Scale. 4 December 2015.
2868:Bartsch, Frank (4 June 2013).
2352:Institution of Civil Engineers
2293:
2250:
2197:
2152:
2139:
2101:
2077:
2039:Portal:Transport/Highway media
1786:U.S. Interstate Highway System
1459:Today, roadways are primarily
1361:). For fresh and frozen goods
574:
13:
1:
3183:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
2071:
1967:Passenger vehicles in the USA
1962:National Highway System (USA)
1874:funded by tolls, such as the
1564:
1326:Electronic on-board recorders
1316:. One such regulation is the
1127:, and freeways. In Bassett's
810:Pierre-Marie-Jérôme Trésaguet
781:Pierre-Marie-Jérôme Trésaguet
449:is a type of transport using
4239:Passenger information system
1698:, toll roads began with the
1415:International Recommendation
1233:Intermodal freight transport
971:The first version of modern
752:Industrial civil engineering
166:Examples of road transport:
7:
3377:Demand-responsive transport
3275:Medium-capacity rail system
2845:. Freight Broker Bootcamp.
2544:National Geographic Society
2056:. Sydney: Primavera Press.
1954:
1872:public-private partnerships
1860:Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel
1596:, discuss the issue on the
1339:commercial driver's license
1332:
10:
4400:
4140:Public transport timetable
3171:Passenger rail terminology
2753:Karnes, Thomas L. (2009).
2730:From Footpaths to Freeways
2492:Date accessed: 24 May 2009
2085:"What is 'Road Transport'"
2017:List of roads and highways
2007:Transportation forecasting
1896:
1807:
1627:
1498:
1428:
1372:
1230:
1223:
1057:opened in 1927, while the
1043:motorways, was devised by
973:controlled-access highways
828:The surveyor and engineer
706:network of well-kept roads
689:road between Foothill and
680:began to pass a series of
567:
563:
523:controlled-access highways
4353:
4257:
4224:
4171:Green transport hierarchy
4153:
4107:
4071:
4030:
3908:Automated fare collection
3893:
3762:
3662:
3628:
3568:
3520:
3482:
3345:
3161:
3044:
1832:Interstate Highway System
1810:Interstate Highway System
1804:Interstate Highway System
1757:and, in the metropolitan
1742:, the need for no or few
1517:Disruptions in organized
1439:Controlled-access highway
1059:Long Island Motor Parkway
977:Long Island Motor Parkway
965:controlled-access highway
614:later built a network of
570:History of road transport
337:Green transport hierarchy
4206:Transportation authority
2345:"How old is that route?"
2205:Eisenstadt, Shmuel Noah.
1691:in current terminology.
1257:(rig), and are known as
1137:abutting property owners
995:and reinforced concrete
685:a section of the London-
216:Armored fighting vehicle
4270:Bus rapid transit creep
4216:Transportation planning
2434:"The Colossus of Roads"
1866:was completed in 1976.
1393:FMCSA federal standards
1237:Trucking companies (in
1206:and safety sign on rear
1035:, and now parts of the
835:London to Holyhead road
821:layer (the sub-base or
621:With the advent of the
390:Transportation planning
3968:Manual fare collection
3948:Farebox recovery ratio
3439:Personal rapid transit
2539:The Book of Inventions
2536:Harrison, Ian (2004),
2302:, 1840, Vol 256 xxvii.
1908:
1827:
1819:
1782:New York State Thruway
1720:Great Western Turnpike
1639:
1522:
1456:
1221:
1169:
1098:cloverleaf interchange
1063:Northern State Parkway
1055:Southern State Parkway
968:
884:
849:
812:established the first
764:
673:
627:large masses of troops
588:
501:may be transported by
322:Cycling infrastructure
312:Bicycle transportation
251:Personal rapid transit
4325:Sustainable transport
4305:Passenger load factor
4120:Clock-face scheduling
3953:Free public transport
3805:Bus turnout (bus bay)
3502:Real-time ridesharing
3295:Platform screen doors
2843:"What is a backhaul?"
2786:Korr, Jeremy (2008).
2502:Ralph Morton (2002),
2379:Bellis, Mary (2007).
2012:Transport engineering
1906:
1825:
1817:
1774:Pennsylvania Turnpike
1767:Pennsylvania Turnpike
1702:in the 1790s, within
1637:
1516:
1446:
1314:drivers working hours
1215:
1159:
1071:Bonn-Cologne Autobahn
1067:Grand Central Parkway
948:
882:
847:
788:Industrial Revolution
759:
720:which stretched from
704:was maintained via a
663:
618:across their empire.
582:
375:Sustainable transport
332:Free public transport
4364:Transport portal
4300:Outline of transport
3993:Reduced fare program
3963:Integrated ticketing
3918:Contract of carriage
3729:Personal transporter
3285:Narrow-gauge railway
3133:Rail replacement bus
2577:Hooley, E. Purnell,
2361:on 27 September 2007
2300:Parliamentary Papers
2207:; Abitbol, Michael;
2160:Thornton, John Kelly
2029:Transport portal
1915:was replaced by the
1772:After 1940 with the
1594:improve this section
1505:Road traffic control
1355:intermodal transport
1245:for road transport.
1152:Trucking and haulage
1077:, then the mayor of
1020:Autostrada dei Laghi
952:Autostrada dei Laghi
924:Edgar Purnell Hooley
603:that often followed
406:Transport portal
54:improve this article
4340:Transport economics
4135:On-time performance
4130:Night (owl) service
3830:Interchange station
3709:Horse-drawn vehicle
3497:Flexible carpooling
3305:Metro/Rapid Transit
2580:U.S. patent 765,975
2461:McAdam (1824), p.38
2052:Lay, M. G. (1992).
1911:As the horse-drawn
1798:New Jersey Turnpike
1501:Road traffic safety
1363:refrigerator trucks
1343:large goods vehicle
1271:less-than-truckload
1139:have the rights of
1102:Queen Elizabeth Way
889:Good Roads Movement
814:scientific approach
447:road transportation
261:Powered exoskeleton
194:Part of a series on
18:Road transportation
4094:Standing passenger
3357:Auto rickshaw taxi
3327:Suspension railway
3310:Rubber-tyred metro
3233:Heritage streetcar
3138:Share taxi/Taxibus
2703:The New York Times
2671:The New York Times
2652:The New York Times
2542:, Washington, DC:
2488:2014-01-16 at the
2317:2014-05-25 at the
2312:The Turnpike Trust
2089:The Economic Times
2002:Traffic congestion
1951:on unpaved roads.
1909:
1880:Richmond, Virginia
1876:Pocahontas Parkway
1838:, a maximum of 4%
1828:
1820:
1728:Syracuse, New York
1714:. In the state of
1700:Lancaster Turnpike
1640:
1523:
1457:
1294:Schengen Agreement
1222:
1170:
969:
885:
854:John Loudon McAdam
850:
777:John Loudon McAdam
765:
678:British Parliament
674:
589:
553:are quite common.
503:trucking companies
493:, and other early
256:pipeline transport
168:Nissan Tsuru (B13)
4371:
4370:
4063:Transport network
4053:Non-revenue track
3719:Inclined elevator
3654:Inclined elevator
3620:Inclined elevator
3245:Higher-speed rail
3188:Airport rail link
3071:Bus rapid transit
2922:"About CAT Scale"
2739:978-0-7743-9388-1
2553:978-0-7922-8296-9
2259:History in Africa
1790:Indiana Toll Road
1626:
1625:
1618:
1543:traffic engineers
1121:Edward M. Bassett
896:road construction
802:surface to allow
738:Road construction
649:New road networks
440:
439:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4391:
4362:
4361:
4280:Destination sign
4244:Platform display
4234:Destination sign
4191:Transit district
4186:Street hierarchy
4166:Complete streets
4161:Airport security
4043:Cross-city route
3988:Proof-of-payment
3958:Free travel pass
3449:Public light bus
3409:Hackney carriage
3228:Heritage railway
3213:Elevated railway
3208:Cross-city route
3128:Public light bus
3086:Cross-city route
3038:Public transport
3031:
3024:
3017:
3008:
3007:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2902:on 15 March 2007
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2760:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2626:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2593:
2584:
2582:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2499:
2493:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2429:
2423:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:on June 30, 2012
2391:. Archived from
2385:About: inventors
2381:"Thomas Telford"
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2360:
2354:. Archived from
2349:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2156:
2150:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2081:
2067:
2027:
2026:
1997:Public transport
1982:German autobahns
1763:German autobahns
1621:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1341:. In the U.K. a
1310:hours of service
1304:Hours of service
1239:American English
1200:
1186:parked near the
1180:
1106:Second World War
696:In 18th century
666:Great North Road
432:
425:
418:
404:
403:
385:Transport divide
286:Uncrewed vehicle
191:
190:
160:
149:
140:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
69:"Road transport"
62:
38:
30:
21:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4367:
4356:
4349:
4253:
4226:
4220:
4149:
4103:
4079:Checked baggage
4067:
4026:
3913:Bus advertising
3897:
3889:
3758:
3749:Trackless train
3692:Scooter-sharing
3687:Bicycle-sharing
3664:
3658:
3624:
3564:
3516:
3478:
3454:Pulled rickshaw
3424:Motorcycle taxi
3367:Combination bus
3348:
3341:
3255:Inter-city rail
3240:High-speed rail
3157:
3040:
3035:
3005:
3000:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2958:
2956:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2841:Brown, Dennis.
2839:
2835:
2820:
2809:
2802:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2751:
2747:
2740:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2679:
2674:. 6 June 1995.
2664:
2663:
2659:
2648:
2644:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2603:The Independent
2594:
2587:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2563:
2561:
2554:
2546:, p. 277,
2534:
2530:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2500:
2496:
2490:Wayback Machine
2481:
2477:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2447:
2445:
2440:, Strum.co.uk,
2430:
2426:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2396:
2377:
2373:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2347:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2319:Wayback Machine
2310:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2271:10.2307/3172135
2255:
2251:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2202:
2198:
2189:
2187:
2180:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2093:
2091:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2048:
2043:
2021:
1957:
1901:
1895:
1893:Pneumatic tyres
1812:
1806:
1722:was started in
1632:
1622:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1591:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1511:
1497:
1495:Traffic control
1469:Portland cement
1441:
1427:
1404:weigh-in-motion
1375:
1347:dangerous goods
1335:
1306:
1259:owner-operators
1235:
1229:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1181:
1154:
1135:-based system,
1086:The Middle Road
1075:Konrad Adenauer
1045:Piero Puricelli
932:Portland cement
877:
754:
651:
585:Trajan's Column
577:
572:
566:
558:cycle rickshaws
436:
398:
189:
188:
187:
186:
163:
162:
161:
152:
151:
150:
142:
141:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4397:
4387:
4386:
4384:Road transport
4369:
4368:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4295:Land transport
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4246:
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4230:
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4213:
4208:
4203:
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4196:Transit police
4193:
4188:
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4178:
4176:Rail subsidies
4173:
4168:
4163:
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4150:
4148:
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4127:
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4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4048:Network length
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4012:Ticket machine
4009:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3933:Fare avoidance
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3877:
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3815:Ferry terminal
3812:
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3766:
3764:
3760:
3759:
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3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3724:Moving walkway
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3649:Moving walkway
3646:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3578:Aerial tramway
3574:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3526:
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3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3374:
3372:Cycle rickshaw
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3322:Street running
3319:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
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3110:
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3061:
3050:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3011:
3004:
3003:External links
3001:
2999:
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2800:
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2514:
2494:
2475:
2463:
2454:
2432:Craig, David,
2424:
2405:
2389:New York Times
2387:. About, Inc,
2371:
2335:
2323:
2304:
2292:
2249:
2234:
2227:
2221:. p. 86.
2196:
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2172:. p. 73.
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2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1992:Neo-bulk cargo
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1897:Main article:
1894:
1891:
1808:Main article:
1805:
1802:
1744:traffic lights
1628:Main article:
1624:
1623:
1588:of the subject
1586:worldwide view
1581:
1579:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1509:Traffic lights
1496:
1493:
1426:
1423:
1411:European Union
1406:(WIM) scales.
1384:weigh stations
1374:
1371:
1334:
1331:
1305:
1302:
1282:bill of lading
1267:full truckload
1205:
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830:Thomas Telford
773:Thomas Telford
761:Thomas Telford
753:
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702:Ashanti Empire
691:Stony Stafford
650:
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576:
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568:Main article:
565:
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443:Road transport
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2:
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4345:Micromobility
4343:
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4290:Hail and ride
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3896:
3892:
3886:
3885:Transport hub
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3870:Train station
3868:
3866:
3865:Taxicab stand
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3850:Park and ride
3848:
3846:
3845:Metro station
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
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3606:
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3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3588:Cable railway
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
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3567:
3561:
3558:
3556:
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3427:
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3415:
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3407:
3405:
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3400:
3397:
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3392:
3388:
3385:
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3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3317:Regional rail
3315:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:Commuter rail
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
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3160:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
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3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3101:Intercity bus
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
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3079:
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3072:
3069:
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3027:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3009:
2983:
2976:
2970:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2875:
2872:. BB Handel.
2871:
2864:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2825:
2824:American City
2818:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2803:
2801:9780821417676
2797:
2793:
2789:
2782:
2774:
2772:9780786442829
2768:
2764:
2759:
2758:
2749:
2741:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2653:
2646:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2574:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2532:
2517:
2515:0-632-05852-8
2511:
2507:
2506:
2498:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2479:
2473:, p. 83.
2472:
2467:
2458:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2333:, p. 72.
2332:
2327:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2238:
2230:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2209:Chazan, Naomi
2206:
2200:
2185:
2181:
2179:9781135365844
2175:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2155:
2148:
2142:
2133:
2131:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2065:
2063:1-875368-05-1
2059:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1935:and carriage
1934:
1930:
1926:
1923:and lorry or
1922:
1918:
1914:
1905:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1878:(I-895) near
1877:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1864:bridge-tunnel
1861:
1857:
1856:Interstate 64
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1794:Ohio Turnpike
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:New York City
1756:
1752:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:, connecting
1705:
1701:
1697:
1696:United States
1692:
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1674:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1645:
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1620:
1617:
1609:
1606:November 2021
1599:
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1587:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1546:
1544:
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1506:
1502:
1492:
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1445:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1395:that include
1394:
1390:
1389:United States
1385:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1359:animal rights
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
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1299:
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1291:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1247:Truck drivers
1244:
1240:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1214:
1199:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1167:
1166:South Florida
1163:
1162:Interstate 95
1158:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
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1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
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1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:Lake Maggiore
1030:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1013:
1012:dual highways
1009:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
966:
963:), the first
962:
961:Autostrada A9
958:
957:Autostrada A8
954:
953:
947:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
905:macadam roads
901:
897:
892:
890:
881:
872:
870:
867:
861:
859:
855:
846:
842:
840:
839:John MacNeill
836:
831:
826:
824:
819:
818:road building
815:
811:
807:
805:
801:
797:
796:turnpike road
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
762:
758:
749:
747:
743:
739:
733:
731:
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719:
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658:
656:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
619:
617:
613:
609:
606:
602:
598:
594:
586:
581:
571:
561:
559:
554:
552:
551:bike couriers
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
526:
524:
520:
519:intersections
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
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307:Accessibility
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266:Rapid transit
264:
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231:Human-powered
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172:Flying Pigeon
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4355:
4330:Timing point
4315:Request stop
4258:Other topics
4115:Bus bunching
4099:Travel class
4058:Radial route
4038:Circle route
4022:Transit pass
3983:Penalty fare
3943:Fare evasion
3938:Fare capping
3923:Dead mileage
3880:Transit mall
3603:Gondola lift
3382:Microtransit
3290:People mover
3203:Circle route
3118:Open top bus
3081:Circle route
2991:20 September
2989:. Retrieved
2969:
2959:20 September
2957:. Retrieved
2942:
2932:20 September
2930:. Retrieved
2916:
2906:11 September
2904:. Retrieved
2900:the original
2890:
2878:. Retrieved
2863:
2853:20 September
2851:. Retrieved
2836:
2827:
2823:
2791:
2781:
2756:
2748:
2729:
2723:
2711:. Retrieved
2702:
2692:
2680:. Retrieved
2669:
2660:
2651:
2645:
2633:. Retrieved
2607:. Retrieved
2601:
2573:
2562:, retrieved
2538:
2531:
2519:, retrieved
2504:
2497:
2478:
2466:
2457:
2446:, retrieved
2437:
2427:
2418:Carl Rakeman
2416:(Painting -
2415:
2408:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:the original
2384:
2374:
2363:. Retrieved
2356:the original
2338:
2326:
2307:
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2295:
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2258:
2252:
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2237:
2213:
2199:
2188:. Retrieved
2164:
2154:
2141:
2119:12 September
2117:. Retrieved
2103:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:
2079:
2053:
2046:Bibliography
1910:
1884:
1868:
1844:
1829:
1778:World War II
1771:
1750:
1748:
1736:
1732:
1708:Philadelphia
1704:Pennsylvania
1693:
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1555:
1547:
1535:
1531:speed limits
1524:
1489:hydroplaning
1485:
1481:
1477:
1458:
1425:Modern roads
1414:
1408:
1376:
1336:
1307:
1279:
1252:
1236:
1188:Hume Highway
1133:property law
1116:
1114:
1083:
1048:
1018:
1016:
1005:
989:banked turns
970:
950:
949:The Italian
921:
908:
893:
886:
875:20th century
862:
851:
827:
808:
792:John Metcalf
785:
769:John Metcalf
766:
742:John Metcalf
734:
695:
675:
652:
637:later built
623:Roman Empire
620:
590:
555:
535:pickup truck
527:
507:mass transit
446:
442:
441:
270:
116:
110:January 2007
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4335:Transit map
4310:Public good
4227:and signage
4084:First class
3998:Smart cards
3973:Money train
3835:Kassel kerb
3795:Bus station
3583:Cable ferry
3550:Ocean liner
3530:Cable ferry
3387:Paratransit
3148:Transit bus
3143:Shuttle bus
3091:Express bus
3046:Bus service
1755:landscaping
1658:. The term
1419:Bridges Act
1351:tank trucks
1322:Tachographs
1110:Highway 401
993:guard rails
981:Long Island
928:steamroller
900:rural areas
823:base course
698:West Africa
655:Renaissance
631:Roman roads
616:Royal Roads
601:dirt tracks
575:Early roads
327:Engineering
317:Cyclability
183:Scania R440
4285:Dwell time
4275:Crush load
4225:Technology
4145:Short turn
4108:Scheduling
4072:Facilities
3860:Queue jump
3780:Bus garage
3682:Carsharing
3560:Water taxi
3540:Hovercraft
3492:Car jockey
3484:Carpooling
3459:Share taxi
3429:Marshrutka
3394:Dollar van
3337:Tram-train
3265:Light rail
3260:Interurban
3223:Heavy rail
3153:Trolleybus
3113:Marshrutka
3096:Guided bus
2438:Palimpsest
2399:2007-01-19
2365:2007-01-19
2228:9004083553
2190:2023-02-22
2094:2024-03-15
2072:References
1939:, made of
1673:shunpiking
1668:toll booth
1664:toll house
1644:toll roads
1565:Toll roads
1499:See also:
1429:See also:
1397:bridge law
1369:are used.
1231:See also:
1050:autostrada
1008:automobile
714:toll roads
670:turnpiking
459:automobile
281:Supersonic
185:(a truck).
177:(a bike),
80:newspapers
4249:Timetable
3978:Paid area
3928:Exit fare
3895:Ticketing
3875:Tram stop
3790:Bus stand
3763:Locations
3744:Slope car
3714:Hyperloop
3704:Escalator
3665:transport
3644:Escalator
3632:transport
3598:Funicular
3555:Vaporetto
3545:Hydrofoil
3464:Songthaew
3434:Nanny van
3419:Limousine
3362:Boda boda
3218:Funicular
3193:Cable car
3076:Charabanc
2287:161238713
2265:: 11–24.
2170:Routledge
2147:15 Cha. 2
1712:Lancaster
1689:toll road
1652:toll road
1630:Toll road
1598:talk page
1413:uses the
1298:free port
1265:per run (
1263:consignee
1115:The word
1029:Lake Como
804:rainwater
746:Yorkshire
641:roads in
639:tar-paved
635:Caliphate
200:Transport
181:(a bus),
170:(a car),
4378:Category
4265:Boarding
4181:Security
4154:Politics
4017:Transfer
3810:Dry dock
3800:Bus stop
3785:Bus lane
3775:Bus bulb
3754:Vactrain
3734:Robotaxi
3699:Elevator
3677:Airliner
3639:Elevator
3630:Building
3613:tricable
3593:Elevator
3507:Slugging
3349:for hire
3347:Vehicles
3280:Monorail
3250:Horsecar
3176:glossary
2982:Archived
2953:Archived
2926:Archived
2874:Archived
2847:Archived
2713:13 April
2707:Archived
2682:13 April
2676:Archived
2558:archived
2486:Archived
2471:Lay 1992
2442:archived
2331:Lay 1992
2315:Archived
2211:(1988).
2184:Archived
2162:(1999).
2145:Statute
2113:Archived
1955:See also
1913:carriage
1852:Virginia
1751:Parkways
1716:New York
1685:turnpike
1660:turnpike
1656:turnpike
1592:You may
1473:pavement
1465:concrete
1453:Slovakia
1447:Highway
1400:formulas
1333:Licenses
1275:backhaul
1226:Truckin'
1184:B double
1125:parkways
1090:Hamilton
1088:between
985:New York
959:and the
917:subgrade
913:Millwall
866:carriage
724:through
612:Persians
547:vehicles
487:Persians
473:such as
469:, or by
380:Timeline
361:Personal
291:Vactrain
175:roadster
4320:Service
4125:Headway
4089:Sleeper
4031:Routing
4006:Calypso
4002:CIPURSE
3840:Layover
3770:Airport
3672:Airline
3608:bicable
3512:Vanpool
3474:Tuk tuk
3414:Jeepney
3404:Gondola
3300:Railbus
2564:23 June
2521:22 June
2448:18 June
2279:3172135
2149:. c. 1.
1858:at the
1836:medians
1740:traffic
1694:In the
1677:boycott
1539:paddles
1527:traffic
1519:traffic
1461:asphalt
1435:Highway
1379:weights
1373:Weights
1367:reefers
1290:customs
1117:freeway
1094:Toronto
1079:Cologne
858:macadam
718:Kpengla
710:Dahomey
687:Chester
643:Baghdad
564:History
515:signage
495:empires
356:Private
347:Outline
342:History
179:MAZ-303
94:scholar
3825:Harbor
3820:Hangar
3739:Shweeb
3444:Pesero
3399:Dolmuş
3270:Maglev
3123:Pesero
3106:driver
3059:driver
2880:8 June
2798:
2769:
2736:
2635:10 May
2609:12 May
2550:
2512:
2285:
2277:
2225:
2176:
2060:
1937:wheels
1796:, and
1724:Albany
1718:, the
1642:Early
1507:, and
1437:, and
1286:border
1129:zoning
997:tarmac
938:, and
800:convex
730:Ouidah
728:up to
722:Abomey
610:. The
593:horses
483:Romans
471:animal
366:Public
352:Public
299:Topics
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3900:fares
3663:Other
3570:Cable
3535:Ferry
2985:(PDF)
2978:(PDF)
2830:: 95.
2359:(PDF)
2348:(PDF)
2283:S2CID
2275:JSTOR
2219:Brill
1933:Wagon
1929:tyres
1925:truck
1840:grade
1551:lanes
1391:uses
1255:truck
1243:cargo
1218:silos
1141:light
1025:Milan
940:pitch
936:resin
869:tyres
608:trail
543:carts
539:cargo
511:lanes
499:Cargo
491:Aztec
475:horse
467:truck
451:roads
276:Space
241:Water
226:Cable
207:Modes
101:JSTOR
87:books
3898:and
3855:Port
3522:Ship
3469:Taxi
3332:Tram
3163:Rail
3064:list
2993:2018
2961:2018
2934:2018
2908:2012
2882:2013
2855:2018
2796:ISBN
2767:ISBN
2734:ISBN
2715:2010
2684:2010
2637:2022
2611:2022
2566:2010
2548:ISBN
2523:2010
2510:ISBN
2450:2010
2223:ISBN
2174:ISBN
2121:2012
2058:ISBN
1945:iron
1941:wood
1899:Tire
1710:and
1666:(or
1431:Road
1409:The
1131:and
1092:and
1039:and
1031:and
790:was
775:and
726:Cana
682:acts
664:The
605:game
597:oxen
513:and
479:oxen
455:bike
271:Road
236:Land
73:news
3054:Bus
2763:131
2267:doi
1949:mud
1921:bus
1917:car
1854:on
1463:or
1451:in
1365:or
1324:or
1164:in
1145:air
1027:to
1003:).
979:on
911:in
816:to
744:in
533:or
531:van
521:to
477:or
463:bus
445:or
221:Air
56:by
4380::
4004:,
2828:42
2826:.
2810:^
2765:.
2705:.
2701:.
2668:.
2619:^
2600:.
2588:^
2556:,
2436:,
2383:.
2350:.
2281:.
2273:.
2263:26
2261:.
2217:.
2182:.
2168:.
2129:^
2087:.
1919:,
1889:.
1882:.
1800:.
1792:,
1730:.
1650:A
1503:,
1449:D1
1433:,
1421:.
1320:.
1300:.
1280:A
1277:.
1143:,
1081:.
1041:A9
1037:A8
991:,
983:,
942:.
934:,
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771:,
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712:,
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595:,
489:,
485:,
465:,
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2963:.
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2884:.
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2804:.
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2742:.
2717:.
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2654:.
2639:.
2613:.
2420:)
2402:.
2368:.
2289:.
2269::
2231:.
2193:.
2123:.
2097:.
2066:.
1619:)
1613:(
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1604:(
1590:.
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