411:, Pathé used a block system to store the information of Master Cylinders and a serial system for the actual commercial pressings. That is, the same ""matrix"" number was first allocated to early 1890s cylinders (with a specific selection), then to a proper Master Cylinder that re-recorded the same selection, and then for the later selections that were recorded on the same Master Cylinder after its musical content became obsolete or damaged and had to be reshaved (which weren't necessarily the same musical selection). As for the stampers, each stamper of both cylinders and disc (independently from the size) has the same serial number (different between both formats), and is more or less sequential, so that media from 1916 and before (before paper labels were introduced) can be more or less easily traced back after obtaining a great enough information about each "snapshot" of the Master Cylinder.
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be made available on multiple formats. The process sometimes resulted in uneven results on the final commercial record, causing a pronounced rumble or other audio artifacts (This rumble was generally undetectable on acoustic wind-up phonographs of the period, but is noticeable on electric and more modern equipment.), and has transformed the company's early discography into one of the most daunting to rebuild.
281:, rather than the usual 75 to 80 rpm. Originally, the groove started on the inside, near the center of the disc, and spiraled out to the edge. In 1916, Pathé changed over to the customary rim-start format, a more nearly normal 80 rpm speed, and paper labels instead of the stamped-in, paint-filled text previously used. Pathé discs were commonly produced in 10 inches (25 cm),
181:. In the mid-1890s, they began selling Edison and Columbia phonographs and accompanying cylinder records. Shortly thereafter, the brothers designed and sold their own phonographs. These incorporated elements of other brands. Soon after, they also started marketing pre-recorded cylinder records. By 1896 the Pathé brothers had offices and
431:. In the following year, these "needle-cut" records were introduced in the United Kingdom and within a few more years they were selling more than the vertical Pathés, even on the continent. Attempts to market the Pathé vertical-cut discs abroad were abandoned in 1925, though they continued to sell in France until 1932.
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inches (22 cm) long were used. The large, fast-spinning cylinders allowed for a greater level of audio fidelity. The various types of commercial Pathé cylinders and discs were then dubbed (or "pantographed") from these masters. This dubbing process enabled copies of the same master recording to
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inches (17 cm), 8 inches (20 cm), and 14 inches (36 cm) discs were also made, as were very large 20 inches (51 cm) discs that played at 120 rpm. Due to their fragility, unwieldiness, and much higher price, the largest sizes were a commercial failure and were not produced for
414:
After 1927, the company started taking a more modern approach and commenced using the simple system of master and stamper discs that the rest of corporations were using. Finally, after 1929, the company dismantled their entire Master
Cylinder archive and written proof of every selection recorded to
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ball stylus. The advantage of the sapphire ball stylus was its permanence. There was no need to change a needle after every record side. Since most records and phonographs used a different playback method, various attachments were marketed that allowed one to equip a Pathé phonograph to play
249:
inches (8.9 cm) in diameter and the larger "Stentor" records measured 5 inches (13 cm) in diameter. The "Le Céleste" records, the largest commercial cylinder records manufactured by any phonograph company, measured 5 inches (13 cm) in diameter by 9 inches (23 cm) long.
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Pathé was the first company to make master recordings in a different medium than the final commercial product. In the Pathé recording studios, masters were cut on what was called a "Master
Cylinder", rapidly spinning wax cylinders that measured about 13 inches (33 cm) long and
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In 1920, Pathé introduced a line of "needle-cut" records, at first only for the US market. The needle-cut records were laterally-cut discs designed to be compatible with standard phonographs, and they were labelled
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where other brands were already in widespread use. Although Pathé cylinder records were never popular outside France, their disc records sold successfully in many foreign countries such as the
335:
In France, Pathé became the largest and most successful distributor of cylinder records and phonographs. These, however, failed to make significant headway in foreign markets such as the
438:. This label became one of the most popular and successful "dime store" labels of the 1920s, and survived beyond the end of the US Pathé label – discontinued in 1930 – right up to 1938.
456:. However, the Pathé and Pathé-Marconi records imprints continued in Italy. In 1931 the label continued as VCM group ('Voce de Maestro - Columbia - Marconiphone').
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in the groove, rather than side-to-side, and the groove was wider than in other companies' records, requiring a special ball-shaped .005-inch-radius (0.13 mm)
257:. They needed to employ several unusual technologies as preventive measures against patent infringement. At first they sold single-sided discs with a recording in
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More specifically, the most important part of the Pathé system was the way master cylinders and their finished product were catalogued; in a way very similar to
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inches (11 cm) in diameter. Beginning in 1913, special "Paradis" cylinders about 8 inches (20 cm) in diameter and
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standard, laterally-cut records. Attachments were also sold to equip a standard phonograph to play Pathé records.
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221:. Pathé manufactured cylinder records until approximately 1914. In addition to standard size cylinder records (
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technology, as opposed to the strictly acoustical-mechanical method of recording they used until then.
269:. Even with this less eccentric material, the early Pathé discs were unlike any others. The sound was
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In 1894, the Pathé brothers started selling their own phonographs. The earliest Pathé offerings were
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452:. In July 1929, the assets of the American Pathé record company were merged into the newly formed
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235:-inch-diameter (57 mm)), Pathé produced several larger styles. The "Salon" records measured
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The vertically cut Pathé discs normally required a special Pathé phonograph equipped with a
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In
December 1928, the French and British Pathé phonograph assets were sold to the British
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The Pathé and Pathé-Marconi labels and catalogue still survive, first as imprints of
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An early Pathé cylinder phonograph from 1898. The design closely mimics that of the
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base. In
October 1906 they started producing discs in the more usual manner with
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651:"Pathé vertical-cut disc record (1905 – 1932) – Museum Of Obsolete Media"
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http://discography.phonomuseum.at/pathe/Talk-GHT-Dresden-Nov2019.pdf
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In
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In mid-1922, Pathé introduced a lower priced label called
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In 1905 the Pathé brothers entered the growing field of
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Early Pathé "Ciment" record label from
Christmas 1905
553:Мир русской грамзаписи. The World of Russian Records
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acquired EMI Italiana in 2013. The film division of
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For the record label of
Shanghai and Hong Kong, see
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169:The Pathé record business was founded by brothers
624:(1 ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Mulholland Press.
471:took control of the entire catalog. In turn, the
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173:and Émile Pathé, then owners of a successful
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523:Hoffmann, Frank; Howard Ferstler (2005).
504:Pathé Records (Shanghai & Hong Kong)
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149:was an international record company and
576:Fabrizio, Timothy; George Paul (2000).
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692:of Pathé (now just a film distributor)
415:finance the company after the crisis.
580:. Atglen PA: Sciffer Publishing Ltd.
277:for playing. The discs rotated at 90
746:Record labels disestablished in 1928
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525:The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound
463:and now currently EMI's successor
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741:Record labels established in 1894
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736:1928 disestablishments in France
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751:Defunct record labels of France
578:Discovering Antique Phonographs
185:not only in Paris, but also in
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731:1894 establishments in France
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450:Columbia Graphophone Company
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454:American Record Corporation
309:inches (29 cm) sizes.
94:; 96 years ago
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726:Vertical cut record labels
704:on the Internet Archive's
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16:French record label
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32:Pathé Records
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659:. Retrieved
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639:0-9606646664
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557:. Retrieved
555:(in Russian)
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469:EMI Italiana
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261:on top of a
255:disc records
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26:Record label
165:Early years
157:, based in
155:phonographs
84:Émile Pathé
715:Categories
698:, from the
661:2018-02-12
559:2018-02-12
510:References
494:Pathé News
467:. In 1967
443:microphone
630:44146208
483:See also
420:sapphire
339:and the
213:"Eagle".
211:Columbia
135:Location
110:Inactive
436:Perfect
390:⁄
376:⁄
353:Germany
318:⁄
304:⁄
290:⁄
267:shellac
244:⁄
230:⁄
171:Charles
97: (
89:Defunct
77:Founder
67: (
59:Founded
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628:
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361:Russia
359:, and
324:long.
275:stylus
263:cement
193:, and
187:London
175:bistro
159:France
129:France
107:Status
357:Italy
191:Milan
179:Paris
151:label
139:Paris
115:Genre
53:Pathé
635:ISBN
626:OCLC
582:ISBN
529:ISBN
119:Jazz
99:1928
92:1928
69:1890
62:1890
761:EMI
461:EMI
279:rpm
259:wax
177:in
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