37:
148:
263:
286:'s sons, Eli, meant to punish Smith by having him castrated for an intimacy with his teenage sister, Nancy Marinda Johnson, but author Bushman disputes this. He feels a more probable motivation is recorded by Symonds Ryder, a participant in the event, who felt Smith was plotting to take property from members of the community and a company of citizens violently warned Smith that they would not accept those actions.
340:, and entered Missouri by June 4. They crossed most of the state by the end of June and news of their approach caused some alarm among non-Mormons in Jackson and Clay Counties. Attempts to negotiate a return of the Latter Day Saints to Jackson County proved fruitless, but Smith decided to disband Zion's Camp, rather than attempt to "redeem Zion" by force. Many members of the camp subsequently became ill with
475:
actions when the bank, with the charter held by Smith, collapsed just prior to a nationwide banking crisis. Many critics leveled accusations that Smith was actively misleading KSS members from the beginning of the financial enterprise as it was operating without an official Ohio bank charter and
270:
According to recorded accounts of the event, the mob broke down the front door, took Smith's oldest surviving adopted child from his arms, dragged Smith from the room, leaving his exposed child on a trundle bed and forcing Emma and the others from the house, the mob threatening her with rape and
316:
groups, many burned Latter Day Saint homes and destroyed the church print shop. Many Latter Day Saints were threatened and abused and by 1833, nearly all had fled from the county for their safety. The Mormon refugees then settled temporarily in neighboring counties, including
476:
required reserves. Supporters of Smith, on the other hand, hold that the financial institution's collapse was more than partially due to state and federal financial regulations and that the charges against Smith and his associates are at best inflated.
879:
324:
In 1834, Smith called for a militia to be raised in
Kirtland which would then march to Missouri and "redeem Zion." About 200 men and a number of women and children volunteered to join this militia which became known as
730:
255:
On March 24, 1832, Joseph was dragged from his bedroom in the dead of night. His attackers strangled him, tore off his clothes, beat him, and attempted to force him to ingest poison. They then
354:
While the march failed to return Latter Day Saint property, many of its participants became committed loyalists in the movement. When Smith returned to
Kirtland, he organized the
312:
as the centerplace for Zion. Many Latter Day Saints began to gather to that area. Many local non-Mormons in
Jackson County became alarmed at the movement's rapid growth. Forming
347:
Although the Latter Day Saints failed to achieve their goal of returning to
Jackson County, Missouri's legislature later approved a compromise which set aside the new county of
271:
murder. The child was knocked off the bed onto the floor in the doorway of the home as Smith was forcibly removed from his home. The child died from exposure (many accounts say
445:
Construction of the
Kirtland Temple had only added to the church's debt, and Smith was hounded by creditors. Having heard of a large sum of money supposedly hidden in
401:
was built. Work was begun in 1833, and the temple was dedicated in 1836. At and around the dedication, many extraordinary events were reported: appearances by
453:, Smith traveled there and announced a revelation that God had "much treasure in this city". After a month, however, he returned to Kirtland empty-handed.
983:
751:. To view full pages select page & text in the view dropdown box in the left pane, then select the individual pages to see an image of that page.
484:
Opposition and harassment grew against Smith and those of his associates who supported him. On
January 12, 1838, Smith and Rigdon left Kirtland for
376:
During the
Kirtland period, Smith's followers published a collection of his revelations, titled the "Book of Commandments," which was renamed the
928:
82:
514:
239:'s family while a house was built for them on the Morley farm. Many of Smith's followers and associates settled in Kirtland, and also in
693:
Public discussion of the issues between the
Reorganized church of Jesus Christ of Latter day saints and the Church of Christ (Disciples)
719:
525:
965:
948:
748:
178:
66:
61:
51:
862:
743:
548:
216:
993:
87:
112:
914:
893:
830:
467:
By mid to late 1837, many Latter Day Saints (including some prominent leaders) became disaffected in the wake of the
283:
565:
492:, in Smith's words, "to escape mob violence, which was about to burst upon us under the color of legal process."
207:, in 1831, until he left Ohio for Missouri early in early January 1838. By 1831, Smith had already published the
92:
471:
banking debacle, in which Smith and several of Smith's associates were accused of various illegal or unethical
414:
117:
275:) five days after the event from the condition that doctors said he developed the night of the mob violence.
219:, but eventually dictated a revelation to change its name to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
122:
359:
691:
398:
171:
46:
36:
666:
489:
348:
212:
102:
998:
305:
301:
240:
152:
107:
97:
468:
462:
133:
77:
934:
371:
309:
256:
538:
437:
had come. Smith may have first practiced polygamy during the building of the
Kirtland temple.
1003:
988:
885:
875:
318:
164:
138:
930:
Biographical
Sketches of Joseph Smith the Prophet, and His Progenitors for Many Generations
446:
430:
355:
8:
855:
The Voice of One crying in the Wilderness: Sidney Rigdon, Religious Reformer, 1793-1876
485:
910:
889:
871:
858:
826:
819:
544:
337:
194:
902:
495:
Most of the remaining church members who remained loyal to Smith left Kirtland for
244:
262:
924:
805:
395:
389:
228:
741:"LDS Church Authority and New Plural Marriages, 1890 - 1904", D. Michael Quinn,
333:
326:
295:
232:
208:
204:
977:
450:
434:
881:
Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith, Prophet's Wife, "Elect Lady," Polygamy's Foe
955:
236:
200:
28:
422:
279:
227:
After receiving what Smith described as revelations, Smith and his wife
332:
Zion's Camp left Kirtland on May 4, 1834. They had marched across the
313:
272:
496:
426:
199:, when he was 26–32 years old, covers the period of time from when
472:
341:
410:
329:." It was agreed that Smith would be the leader of the group.
840:
Johnson, Luke (1864), "History of Luke Johnson, by Himself",
418:
406:
402:
243:, where Smith said he was instructed by revelation to build
235:, early in 1831, arriving about February 3. They lived with
266:
Illustration of a mob tarring and feathering Joseph Smith.
362:, choosing primarily men who had served in Zion's Camp.
909:(2nd ed.). Salt Lake City, UT: Signature Books.
818:
975:
172:
689:
300:As early as 1831, Smith had stated that the
870:
639:
351:specifically for their settlement in 1836.
933:, Liverpool: S.W. Richards, archived from
536:
456:
440:
179:
165:
852:
731:The Doctrine and Covenants Section 57
600:
537:Chryssides, George D. (1 December 1999).
365:
250:
222:
984:History of the Latter Day Saint movement
907:Early Mormonism and the Magic World View
261:
839:
825:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co.
804:
788:
776:
760:
707:
613:
587:
976:
842:The Latter Day Saints' Millennial Star
664:
923:
901:
772:
744:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought
735:
690:Kelley, E. L.; Braden, Clark (1884).
652:
816:
626:
433:. Some Mormons believed that Jesus'
576:(35): 1–2 – via FamilySearch.
479:
22:This article is part of a series on
13:
563:
383:
282:references an account that one of
14:
1015:
810:Joseph Smith: Rough Stone Rolling
259:his body, and left him for dead.
857:, Lawrence, KS: Corondao Press,
146:
35:
782:
766:
754:
724:
713:
700:
683:
658:
645:
423:speaking and singing in tongues
821:Joseph Smith: The First Mormon
632:
619:
606:
593:
580:
564:C., M. S. (15 February 1831).
557:
530:
519:
508:
289:
1:
797:
696:. Clark Braden. p. 202.
153:Latter Day Saints portal
7:
853:McKiernan, F. Mark (1971),
566:"Communications: Mormonism"
425:, often with translations;
360:First Quorum of the Seventy
215:. He had founded it as the
10:
1020:
994:1830s in the United States
460:
394:In Kirtland, the church's
387:
369:
293:
962:
953:
945:
543:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
490:Caldwell County, Missouri
213:Latter Day Saint movement
203:moved with his family to
502:
306:Jackson County, Missouri
241:Jackson County, Missouri
668:No Man Knows My History
640:Newell & Avery 1984
540:Exploring New Religions
469:Kirtland Safety Society
463:Kirtland Safety Society
457:Kirtland Safety Society
441:In Salem, Massachusetts
876:Avery, Valeen Tippetts
378:Doctrine and Covenants
372:Doctrine and Covenants
366:Doctrine and Covenants
267:
251:Tarring and feathering
223:Move to Kirtland, Ohio
211:, and established the
665:Brodie, Fawn (1971).
431:spiritual experiences
265:
817:Hill, Donna (1977).
775:, pp. 261–64);
763:, pp. 217, 329)
499:shortly thereafter.
380:in later printings.
356:Quorum of the Twelve
257:tarred and feathered
884:, Garden City, NY:
791:, pp. 328–329)
872:Newell, Linda King
515:Covenant 115:3
358:Apostles, and the
304:would be built in
268:
972:
971:
963:Succeeded by
903:Quinn, D. Michael
864:978-0-87291-024-9
550:978-0-8264-3890-4
338:Mississippi River
197:from 1831 to 1837
195:Joseph Smith, Jr.
189:
188:
23:
1011:
946:Preceded by
943:
942:
938:
925:Smith, Lucy Mack
920:
898:
867:
849:
836:
824:
813:
806:Bushman, Richard
792:
786:
780:
770:
764:
758:
752:
739:
733:
728:
722:
717:
711:
704:
698:
697:
687:
681:
680:
678:
676:
662:
656:
649:
643:
636:
630:
623:
617:
610:
604:
597:
591:
584:
578:
577:
561:
555:
554:
534:
528:
523:
517:
512:
480:Move to Missouri
435:Millennial reign
217:Church of Christ
181:
174:
167:
151:
150:
149:
39:
21:
18:
17:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1008:
999:1831 beginnings
974:
973:
968:
959:
951:
941:
917:
896:
865:
833:
800:
795:
787:
783:
771:
767:
759:
755:
747:, Spring 1985,
740:
736:
729:
725:
718:
714:
705:
701:
688:
684:
674:
672:
663:
659:
650:
646:
637:
633:
624:
620:
611:
607:
598:
594:
585:
581:
562:
558:
551:
535:
531:
524:
520:
513:
509:
505:
482:
465:
459:
443:
392:
390:Kirtland Temple
386:
384:Kirtland Temple
374:
368:
321:in particular.
298:
292:
253:
229:Emma Hale Smith
225:
185:
147:
145:
12:
11:
5:
1017:
1007:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
970:
969:
964:
961:
952:
947:
940:
939:
921:
915:
899:
894:
868:
863:
850:
837:
831:
814:
801:
799:
796:
794:
793:
781:
779:, p. 328)
765:
753:
734:
723:
712:
699:
682:
657:
644:
631:
618:
605:
601:McKiernan 1971
592:
590:, p. 178)
579:
556:
549:
529:
518:
506:
504:
501:
481:
478:
461:Main article:
458:
455:
442:
439:
388:Main article:
385:
382:
370:Main article:
367:
364:
336:, reached the
334:Illinois River
294:Main article:
291:
288:
278:The historian
252:
249:
233:Kirtland, Ohio
224:
221:
209:Book of Mormon
205:Kirtland, Ohio
187:
186:
184:
183:
176:
169:
161:
158:
157:
156:
155:
142:
141:
136:
128:
127:
126:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
72:
71:
70:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
41:
40:
32:
31:
25:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1016:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
979:
967:
958:
957:
950:
944:
937:on 2004-04-30
936:
932:
931:
926:
922:
918:
916:1-56085-089-2
912:
908:
904:
900:
897:
895:0-252-02399-4
891:
887:
883:
882:
877:
873:
869:
866:
860:
856:
851:
847:
843:
838:
834:
832:0-385-00804-X
828:
823:
822:
815:
811:
807:
803:
802:
790:
789:Bushman (2005
785:
778:
777:Bushman (2005
774:
769:
762:
761:Bushman (2005
757:
750:
746:
745:
738:
732:
727:
721:
716:
709:
703:
695:
694:
686:
671:. p. 119
670:
669:
661:
654:
648:
641:
635:
628:
622:
615:
609:
602:
596:
589:
583:
575:
571:
570:The Telegraph
567:
560:
552:
546:
542:
541:
533:
527:
522:
516:
511:
507:
500:
498:
493:
491:
487:
477:
474:
470:
464:
454:
452:
451:Massachusetts
448:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
417:and numerous
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
397:
391:
381:
379:
373:
363:
361:
357:
352:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
322:
320:
315:
311:
307:
303:
297:
287:
285:
281:
276:
274:
264:
260:
258:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
196:
182:
177:
175:
170:
168:
163:
162:
160:
159:
154:
144:
143:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
130:
129:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
75:
74:
73:
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
50:
48:
45:
44:
43:
42:
38:
34:
33:
30:
27:
26:
20:
19:
16:
1004:1837 endings
989:Joseph Smith
956:Joseph Smith
954:
935:the original
929:
906:
880:
854:
845:
841:
820:
809:
784:
768:
756:
742:
737:
726:
715:
708:Bushman 2005
702:
692:
685:
673:. Retrieved
667:
660:
647:
634:
621:
614:Johnson 1864
608:
595:
588:Bushman 2005
582:
573:
569:
559:
539:
532:
521:
510:
494:
483:
466:
444:
429:; and other
393:
377:
375:
353:
346:
331:
323:
310:Independence
302:City of Zion
299:
284:John Johnson
277:
269:
254:
237:Isaac Morley
226:
192:
190:
118:Bibliography
67:1839 to 1844
62:1838 to 1839
57:1831 to 1837
56:
52:1827 to 1830
47:1805 to 1827
29:Joseph Smith
15:
773:Quinn (1998
720:Covenant 57
526:Covenant 37
427:prophesying
327:Zion's Camp
319:Clay County
296:Zion's Camp
290:Zion's Camp
280:Fawn Brodie
978:Categories
798:References
653:Smith 1853
123:Chronology
113:Prophecies
886:Doubleday
627:Hill 1977
314:vigilante
273:pneumonia
231:moved to
103:Teachings
960:1831–37
927:(1853),
905:(1998).
878:(1984),
808:(2005),
749:pp 9-105
497:Missouri
486:Far West
349:Caldwell
193:life of
139:Category
108:Miracles
98:Children
88:Polygamy
966:1838–39
949:1827–30
812:, Knopf
473:banking
342:cholera
308:, with
134:Outline
913:
892:
861:
829:
675:9 June
547:
419:angels
411:Elijah
399:temple
848:: 834
503:Notes
447:Salem
415:Elias
407:Moses
403:Jesus
396:first
201:Smith
93:Wives
83:Legal
78:Death
911:ISBN
890:ISBN
859:ISBN
827:ISBN
677:2022
545:ISBN
245:Zion
191:The
488:in
980::
888:,
874:;
846:26
844:,
574:II
572:.
568:.
449:,
421:;
413:,
409:,
405:,
344:.
247:.
919:.
835:.
710:)
706:(
679:.
655:)
651:(
642:)
638:(
629:)
625:(
616:)
612:(
603:)
599:(
586:(
553:.
325:"
180:e
173:t
166:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
