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upon the parties that may either hasten or (more frequently) slow down the pace of proceedings. Furthermore, a party who is unfamiliar with procedural rules may run afoul of guidelines that have nothing to do with the merits of the case, and yet the failure to follow these guidelines may severely damage the party's chances. Procedural systems are constantly torn between arguments that judges should have greater discretion in order to avoid the rigidity of the rules, and arguments that judges should have less discretion in order to avoid an outcome based more on the personal preferences of the judge than on the law or the facts.
36:
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The standardization for the means by which cases are brought, parties are informed, evidence is presented, and facts are determined is intended to maximize the fairness of any proceeding. Nevertheless, strict procedural rules have certain drawbacks. For example, they impose specific time limitations
397:
Even the scientific handling of law, which developed during medieval times in the new universities in Italy (in particular in
Bologna, Mantua), did not come to a full and clear separation. The English system of "writs" in the Middle Ages had a similar problem to the Roman tradition with the
389:
in the end has created claims. I.e. a procedural act caused substantive claims to exist. Such priority (procedure over substance) is contrary to what we think of the relationship nowadays. But it has not only been an issue of priority and whether the one serves the other. Since the
255:, criminal cases are given priority over civil cases, because criminal defendants stand to lose their freedom, and should therefore be accorded the first opportunity to have their case heard.
335:
is used for procedural. In
Chinese, "procedural law" and "substantive law" are represented by these characters: "程序法" and "实体法". In Germany, the expressions
359:
had been of great influence. In ancient times the Roman civil procedure applied to many countries. One of the main issues of the procedure has been the
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aim to resolve many kinds of legal disputes, the legal procedures share some common features. All legal procedure, for example, is concerned with
247:
Legal procedure, in a larger sense, is also designed to effect the best distribution of judicial resources. For example, in most courts of
432:, narrowing the idea behind it to "law of litigation" (thereby excluding e.g. the law of other procedures and the law on competences).
153:
whose validity is tested through the procedures of procedural law, is different from procedural law. In the context of procedural law,
1805:
189:, although different jurisdictions have various exceptions), with those rights encompassing general civil and political rights. In
200:
on "Access to
Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters" known as the
416:(§ 194 of BGB) - meaning "claim" - has been "cleared" from procedural elements. And this was the time for "founding" the terms
272:" is a concept available in various legal systems and languages. Similar to the English expressions are the Spanish words
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being brought against them, or who has not received a fair opportunity to present evidence for themselves.
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had been composed of elements of procedure and substance it was difficult to separate both parts again.
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God Save This
Honorable Court: How the Choice of Supreme Court Justices Shapes Our History
8:
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Politics, Democracy and the
Supreme Court: Essays on the Future of Constitutional Theory
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Begriffs- und
Problemgeschichte des Verhältnisses von formellem und materiellem Recht
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included both procedural and substantive elements. Because during this procedure the
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Marshall: His Speeches, Writings, Arguments, Opinions and Reminiscences
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were developed in the 19th century, because only during that time was the Roman
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had granted, or denied, litigation by granting or denying, respectively, an
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The same opposition can be found in the
Russian legal vocabulary, with
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507:"Current Rules of Practice & Procedure | United States Courts"
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definitely was brought to an end with the codification of the
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1659:
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1406:
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532:"LacusCurtius • Roman Law — Actio (Smith's Dictionary, 1875)"
363:(similar to the English word "act"). In the procedure of the
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194:
108:
1597:
1545:
1401:
799:
715:
402:. In Germany, the unity of procedure and substance in the
669:
193:, these procedural rights have been reflected within the
264:
Procedural law and substantive law in various languages
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621:
351:
Substance of procedural law/substantive law in Europe
622:Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for Procedural Law
347:split into procedural and substantive components.
139:countries) to all cases that come before a court.
185:(meaning the prosecution regularly must meet the
1870:
292:. Other ideas are behind the German expressions
258:
654:
331:"материално право" means substantive law and
232:— against an individual who has not received
284:, as well as the Portuguese terms for them,
661:
647:
563:, edition: Duncker & Humblot, Berlin,
27:Sum of the legal norms in court procedures
583:. Birmingham, AL: Legal Classics Library.
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
1806:History of the American legal profession
43:This article includes a list of general
590:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
327:for procedural. Similar to Russian, in
99:, in some jurisdictions referred to as
14:
1871:
642:
111:hears and determines what happens in
220:. Absent very special conditions, a
29:
576:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
157:may also refer not exhaustively to
24:
588:An Introduction to Legal Reasoning
573:The Nature of the Judicial Process
553:
355:In the European legal systems the
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49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1890:
790:Restitution and unjust enrichment
627:
486:LII / Legal Information Institute
310:diritto formale/diritto materiale
268:"Procedural law" in contrast to "
107:, comprises the rules by which a
1837:
1836:
1822:
618:. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.
604:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
34:
1801:History of the legal profession
597:. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books.
565:Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte
524:
499:
474:
13:
1:
616:The Legal System in Operation
570:Cardozo, Benjamin N. (1998).
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418:formelles / materielles Recht
259:European history and concepts
145:, which refers to the actual
181:, as well as the basic
7:
614:Zelermyer, William (1977).
593:Marshall, Thurgood (2001).
435:
314:formell rätt/materiell rätt
306:droit formel/droit matériel
224:can not impose a penalty —
10:
1895:
1468:International legal theory
947:International slavery laws
942:International human rights
937:International criminal law
600:Miller, Arthur S. (1985).
179:right to confront accusers
125:administrative proceedings
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1521:Administration of justice
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611:. New York: Random House.
1298:Basic structure doctrine
1148:Natural and legal rights
1029:Public international law
607:Tribe, Laurence (1985).
323:for substantive law and
183:presumption of innocence
1478:Principle of typicality
952:International trade law
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586:Levi, Edward H. (1949)
581:Law and the Modern Mind
409:Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch
64:more precise citations.
634:US Federal Court Rules
579:Frank, Jerome (1985).
304:as well as the French
1473:Principle of legality
1232:Delegated legislation
932:Intellectual property
536:penelope.uchicago.edu
159:rights to information
1691:Barristers' chambers
1633:Legal representation
1571:Justice of the peace
917:Financial regulation
325:процессуальное право
249:general jurisdiction
175:public participation
1726:Election commission
1438:Expressive function
967:Landlord–tenant law
866:Consumer protection
290:direito substantivo
212:Although different
133:fundamental justice
1684:Legal institutions
1551:Lawsuit/Litigation
1541:Dispute resolution
1346:Catholic canon law
1054:State of emergency
1017:Will and testament
741:Law of obligations
694:Constitutional law
684:Administrative law
559:Andreas Kollmann:
457:Legal technicality
447:Criminal procedure
381:. By granting the
321:материальное право
282:derecho sustantivo
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1448:Law and economics
1286:Act of parliament
1024:Product liability
977:Legal archaeology
902:Environmental law
896:Entertainment law
736:International law
420:. However, after
341:materielles Recht
333:процесуално право
302:materielles Recht
202:Aarhus Convention
191:environmental law
155:procedural rights
131:(in the U.S.) or
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897:
894:
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879:
877:
874:
872:
871:Corporate law
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
811:
807:
801:
798:
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795:Statutory law
793:
791:
788:
784:
781:
780:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
762:
759:
757:
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752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
710:
707:
706:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
679:
677:Core subjects
675:
671:
664:
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652:
650:
645:
644:
641:
635:
632:
631:
623:
620:
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589:
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582:
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569:
567:no. 68, 1996.
566:
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537:
533:
527:
512:
508:
502:
487:
483:
477:
473:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
452:Hearing (law)
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
439:
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431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:
405:
401:
395:
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388:
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366:
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348:
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342:
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311:
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283:
279:
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271:
256:
254:
253:United States
250:
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227:
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148:
144:
140:
138:
134:
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126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
97:adjective law
94:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
1855:
1848:
1834:
1820:
1593:Jurisdiction
1561:Legal remedy
1516:Adjudication
1416:Legal theory
1254:Ratification
1249:Promulgation
1220:Proclamation
1200:Codification
1133:Human rights
1121:Divine right
1111:Constitution
1079:Women in law
997:Military law
992:Marriage law
987:Maritime law
886:Election law
826:Aviation law
816:Abortion law
768:Property law
750:
704:Criminal law
615:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
571:
564:
560:
539:. Retrieved
535:
526:
514:. Retrieved
510:
501:
489:. Retrieved
485:
476:
430:Prozessrecht
429:
425:
422:World War II
417:
413:
407:
403:
399:
396:
391:
386:
382:
378:
372:
368:
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324:
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313:
309:
305:
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297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
267:
246:
242:
211:
161:, access to
154:
141:
104:
101:remedial law
100:
96:
92:
91:
76:
70:October 2023
67:
48:
1765:Legislature
1696:Bureaucracy
1493:Rule of man
1488:Rule of law
1463:Libertarian
1326:Chinese law
1227:Legislation
1177:Regulations
1165:Law reports
1143:Natural law
1039:Reparations
1034:Refugee law
957:Jurimetrics
898:(Media law)
836:Banking law
831:Amnesty law
809:Disciplines
746:Private law
541:12 December
516:12 December
491:12 December
218:due process
129:due process
62:introducing
1758:Law school
1638:Prosecutor
1576:Magistrate
1363:Jewish law
1321:Common law
1242:Rulemaking
1237:Regulation
1187:Law making
1126:Divine law
1102:Legal code
1049:Sports law
972:Law of war
922:Health law
907:Family law
891:Energy law
841:Bankruptcy
778:Punishment
773:Public law
468:References
198:Convention
137:common law
135:(in other
45:references
1736:Judiciary
1731:Executive
1706:The bench
1643:Solicitor
1618:Barrister
1498:Sociology
1483:Pseudolaw
1423:Anarchist
1380:Roman law
1368:Parsi law
1353:Hindu law
1341:Canon law
1316:Civil law
1269:Concordat
1160:Precedent
1069:Trust law
1044:Space law
881:Drugs law
751:Procedure
689:Civil law
462:Vyavahara
357:Roman law
329:Bulgarian
1873:Category
1843:Category
1785:Tribunal
1770:Military
1613:Attorney
1583:Judgment
1443:Feminist
1358:Jain law
1155:Case law
876:Cyberlaw
783:Corporal
761:Criminal
731:Evidence
721:Doctrine
699:Contract
436:See also
414:Anspruch
230:criminal
204:(1998).
121:criminal
1857:Outline
1794:History
1701:The bar
1675:Verdict
1623:Counsel
1603:Justice
1458:History
1281:Statute
1097:Charter
1059:Tax law
1007:Probate
387:praetor
374:praetor
251:in the
238:lawsuit
163:justice
151:defense
117:lawsuit
58:improve
1775:Police
1746:Agency
1628:Lawyer
1373:Sharia
1264:Treaty
1259:Repeal
1205:Decree
1116:Custom
1012:Estate
962:Labour
726:Equity
300:) and
234:notice
177:, and
171:rights
165:, and
47:, but
1850:Index
1716:Court
1660:Trial
1566:Judge
1407:Yassa
1210:Edict
756:Civil
709:Crime
404:actio
400:actio
392:actio
383:actio
379:actio
369:actio
361:actio
345:actio
236:of a
226:civil
222:court
195:UNECE
147:claim
113:civil
109:court
103:, or
1598:Jury
1546:Fiqh
1402:Xeer
800:Tort
716:Deed
543:2023
518:2023
493:2023
385:the
367:the
339:and
296:(or
288:and
276:and
149:and
670:Law
280:or
228:or
173:to
123:or
1875::
1104:/
534:.
509:.
484:.
169:,
119:,
115:,
95:,
662:e
655:t
648:v
545:.
520:.
495:.
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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