67:"in times of war or other public emergency." Equally familiar examples include the immunities against prosecution granted to representatives (MPs or councillors) and government officials in pursuit of their duties. Such legal immunities may be suspect as potential violations of the rule of law, or regarded as quite proper, as necessary protections for the officers of the state in the rightful pursuit of their duties.
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In the United
Kingdom, some exercises of the royal prerogative, which seems to give the government of the day opportunities for massive and unaccountable discretion, rightly come under suspicion, whereas the immunity from libel proceedings of Members of Parliament speaking in the House, or of persons
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A party has an immunity with respect to some action, object or status, if some other relevant party – in this context, another state or international agency, or citizen or group of citizens – has no (power) right to alter the party's legal standing in point of rights or duties in the
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specified respect. There is a wide range of legal immunities that may be invoked in the name of the right to rule. In international law, immunities may be created when states assert powers of derogation, as is permitted, for example, from the
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wherein an individual or entity cannot be held liable for a violation of the law, in order to facilitate societal aims that outweigh the value of imposing liability in such cases. Such legal immunity may be from
199:, agreement between sovereign governments to exclude diplomats from local laws because grants of immunity are particularly important in intergovernmental relations, where traditions have arisen to prevent the
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bars suit against federal, state, and tribal governments, which cannot be sued without their consent. Governmental consent to be sued is expressed through legislation as a limited waiver of sovereign immunity
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giving evidence in a court of law, is generally regarded as an acceptable protection against powerful (and wealthy) interests who would otherwise constrain public debate or the administration of justice.
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Legal immunities may be subject to criticism because they institute a separate standard of conduct for those who receive them. For example, as one author notes:
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right many jurisdictions by statutory law or judicial decision have by which journalists may not be prosecuted for protecting their confidential sources from
193:, a type of sovereign immunity for all government officials and government employees that confers total immunity when acting in the course of their duties
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187:, in the United States, sovereign immunity of all government officials and government employees performing tasks as part of the government's actions
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349:
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168:, principle of international law that the government of a state is not amenable before the courts of another state
279:, immunity from liability granted to charities in many countries from the 19th century to the mid-20th century
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or other authorities on a case-by-case basis, commonly as an agreement with the witnesses.
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that provides immunity to members of
Congress for statements made in either house
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Immunity of resident citizens of a country participating in the legal process
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58:. One author has described legal immunity as "the obverse of a legal power":
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Inability of a person or entity to be held liable for a violation of the law
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Such immunities may be granted by law (statutory or constitutional) or by
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Such immunities may be granted by law or, for witness immunity, by
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without fear of being sued or charged with a crime for so doing:
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50:), or both. The most notable forms of legal immunity are
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during their tenure and in the course of their duties
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207:cadre from being harassed by their host countries.
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227:, a law that provides immunity for past crimes
336:Political Obligation: A Critical Introduction
160:Immunity from prosecution (international law)
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134:Sovereign immunity in the United States
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95:Many forms of immunity are granted to
271:Immunity of nonprofit organizations
65:European Convention on Human Rights
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173:Immunity of government officials
391:Legal doctrines and principles
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91:Immunity of government leaders
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251:Immunity of private officials
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154:United States Constitution
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31:immunity from prosecution
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19:Not to be confused with
150:Speech or Debate Clause
201:federal civil servants
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140:Parliamentary immunity
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52:parliamentary immunity
21:Prosecutorial immunity
152:, a provision in the
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257:Reporter's privilege
40:criminal prosecution
360:on 7 September 2015
277:Charitable immunity
197:Diplomatic immunity
185:Qualified immunity
144:government leaders
128:Sovereign immunity
97:government leaders
46:(being subject of
231:Spousal privilege
191:Absolute immunity
179:Judicial immunity
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356:. Archived from
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333:Dudley Knowles,
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243:in exchange for
237:Witness immunity
103:over the world,
56:witness immunity
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354:lexmedia.com.au
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302:Rendition (law)
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261:First Amendment
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205:foreign service
203:of a country's
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44:civil liability
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386:Legal immunity
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362:. Retrieved
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35:legal status
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285:prosecutors
225:Amnesty law
380:Categories
350:"LexMedia"
318:References
121:rural area
117:urban area
42:, or from
364:14 August
297:Gypsy cop
265:discovery
245:testimony
105:continent
72:Criticism
307:Impunity
291:See also
113:province
241:witness
48:lawsuit
33:, is a
213:treaty
109:nation
86:Types
29:, or
366:2015
119:and
101:rule
54:and
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99:to
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326:^
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