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Lalonde report

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47:. The report is considered the "first modern government document in the Western world to acknowledge that our emphasis upon a biomedical health care system is wrong, and that we need to look beyond the traditional health care (sick care) system if we wish to improve the health of the public.". The Report also recognizes that use of the local Health System shapes how people define their health-related need, options for care and definition of health. 116:
The proposals advocated by the report seem to have had mixed outcomes; while its nutritional and exercise recommendations are believed to have been widely accepted, there remains disagreement about its overall impact on population health. It has been argued such debates highlight the need for a
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has been the fount from which all improvements in health have flowed, and popular belief equates the level of health with the quality of medicine." The new concept "envisage that the health field can be broken up into four broad elements:
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The report was written by a group of civil servants led by Hubert (Bert) Laframboise, based on population studies in Canada, where care aims to address one of the most ethnically diverse populations in the world.
98:, recognizing both the need for people to take more responsibility in changing their behaviors to improve their own health, and also the contribution of healthy communities and environments to health. 62:
in 1974, proposed a new "health field" concept, as distinct from medical care. Lalonde noted that the "traditional or generally-accepted view of the health field is that the art or science of
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The concept of the "health field", as identified in the Lalonde report, is considered to be composed of four interdependent fields determined to influence individual's health. These include:
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Environmental: all matters related to health external to the human body, over which the individual has little or no control, including the physical and social environment;
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Lifestyle: the aggregation of personal decisions (i.e. over which the individual has control) that can be said to contribute to, or cause, illness or death;
434: 282: 356:"Transcending the known in public health practice. The inequality paradox: the population approach and vulnerable populations" 424: 244:
Minkler, M (Spring 1989). "Health education, health promotion and the open society: an historical perspective".
187: 59: 109:. It this sense, the report was fundamental in identifying health risk behaviours as a determinant of 429: 439: 105:
interventions should focus attention on that segment of the population with the highest level of
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Coburn, D.; Denny, K.; Mykhalovskiy, E.; McDonough, P.; Robertson, A.; Love, R. (2003).
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The report is considered to have led to the development and evolution of
229:"Beyond Health Care: From Public Health Policy to Health Public Policy." 138: 155: 142: 63: 162:, paramedic services, dental treatment and other health services. 304: 214:
A new perspective on the health of Canadians. A working document
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Canadian Policy Research Networks, 2001. Accessed 18 July 2011.
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Health care organization: includes medical practice, nursing,
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Another innovation of the report was that it proposed that
35:", identifying two main health-related objectives: the 416: 60:Canadian Minister of National Health and Welfare 307:"Population health in Canada: A brief critique" 353: 133:Biology: all aspects of health, physical and 87:existed outside of the health care systems. 29:A new perspective on the health of Canadians 284:Towards a New Perspective on Health Policy 237: 379: 330: 207: 205: 203: 277: 275: 243: 417: 200: 272: 354:Frohlich, KL; Potvin, L (Feb 2008). 407:Full text of the Lalonde report at 234:76, Supplement One (May/June 1985). 218:Ottawa: Government of Canada, 1974. 13: 435:Canadian commissions and inquiries 31:. It proposed the concept of the " 14: 451: 400: 311:American Journal of Public Health 232:Canadian Journal of Public Health 158:, nursing homes, medical drugs, 124: 347: 298: 221: 1: 193: 188:Social determinants of health 50: 23:is a 1974 report produced in 83:;" that is, determinants of 7: 166: 10: 456: 425:Health education in Canada 258:10.1177/109019818901600105 117:fuller exploration of the 372:10.2105/ajph.2007.114777 81:Health care organization 45:promotion of good health 137:, developed within the 160:public health services 323:10.2105/ajph.93.3.392 173:Alma-Ata declaration 39:; and prevention of 178:Health inequalities 111:health inequalities 360:Am J Public Health 291:2015-12-08 at the 37:health care system 227:Hancock, Trevor. 141:as influenced by 447: 430:Health in Canada 394: 393: 383: 351: 345: 344: 334: 302: 296: 279: 270: 269: 241: 235: 225: 219: 209: 96:health promotion 27:formally titled 455: 454: 450: 449: 448: 446: 445: 444: 415: 414: 403: 398: 397: 352: 348: 303: 299: 293:Wayback Machine 280: 273: 242: 238: 226: 222: 210: 201: 196: 169: 127: 119:health policies 53: 17: 12: 11: 5: 453: 443: 442: 440:1974 in Canada 437: 432: 427: 413: 412: 402: 401:External links 399: 396: 395: 346: 317:(3): 392–396. 297: 281:Glouberman S. 271: 236: 220: 198: 197: 195: 192: 191: 190: 185: 180: 175: 168: 165: 164: 163: 152: 149: 146: 126: 123: 58:, who was the 52: 49: 21:Lalonde Report 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 452: 441: 438: 436: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 422: 420: 411: 410: 409:Health Canada 405: 404: 391: 387: 382: 377: 373: 369: 366:(2): 216–21. 365: 361: 357: 350: 342: 338: 333: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 301: 294: 290: 287: 285: 278: 276: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 246:Health Educ Q 240: 233: 230: 224: 217: 215: 208: 206: 204: 199: 189: 186: 184: 183:Public health 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 170: 161: 157: 153: 150: 147: 144: 140: 136: 132: 131: 130: 122: 120: 114: 112: 108: 107:risk exposure 104: 103:public health 99: 97: 92: 88: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 69:Human biology 65: 61: 57: 48: 46: 43:problems and 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 408: 363: 359: 349: 314: 310: 300: 283: 252:(1): 17–30. 249: 245: 239: 231: 223: 213: 128: 125:Health field 115: 100: 93: 89: 56:Marc Lalonde 54: 33:health field 32: 28: 20: 18: 211:Lalonde M. 73:Environment 16:1974 report 419:Categories 194:References 139:human body 121:in place. 51:Background 156:hospitals 77:Lifestyle 390:18172133 341:12604479 289:Archived 167:See also 145:make-up; 64:medicine 381:2376882 332:1447750 266:2649456 143:genetic 388:  378:  339:  329:  264:  135:mental 85:health 79:, and 41:health 25:Canada 386:PMID 337:PMID 262:PMID 19:The 376:PMC 368:doi 327:PMC 319:doi 254:doi 421:: 384:. 374:. 364:98 362:. 358:. 335:. 325:. 315:93 313:. 309:. 274:^ 260:. 250:16 248:. 202:^ 113:. 75:, 71:, 392:. 370:: 343:. 321:: 286:. 268:. 256:: 216:.

Index

Canada
health care system
health
promotion of good health
Marc Lalonde
Canadian Minister of National Health and Welfare
medicine
Human biology
Environment
Lifestyle
Health care organization
health
health promotion
public health
risk exposure
health inequalities
health policies
mental
human body
genetic
hospitals
public health services
Alma-Ata declaration
Health inequalities
Public health
Social determinants of health



A new perspective on the health of Canadians. A working document.

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