971:
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35:
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3042:. Information includes both science and education, such as anatomical drawings. Any ambiguous image not easily fitting into one of these categories may be misinterpreted, leading to disputes. The most contentious disputes are between fine art and erotic images, which define the legal distinction of which images are permitted or prohibited.
876:, which form the basis for cells, their activity, and their products. Proteins dictate cell function and gene expression, a cell is able to self-regulate by the amount of proteins produced. However, not all cells have DNA; some cells such as mature
2509:
by combining them with water from the blood. The kidneys filter about 150 quarts (170 liters) of blood daily, but most of it is returned to the blood stream with only 1-2 quarts (1-2 liters) ending up as urine. The urine is brought by the
2931:. Growth and development occur after birth, and include both physical and psychological development, influenced by genetic, hormonal, environmental and other factors. Development and growth continue throughout life, through
2860:
Each system contributes to homeostasis, of itself, other systems, and the entire body. Some combined systems are referred to by joint names. For example, the nervous system and the endocrine system operate together as the
1779:
extracts, transports and metabolizes lymph, the fluid found in between cells. The lymphatic system is similar to the circulatory system in terms of both its structure and its most basic function, to carry a body fluid.
956:. Endothelial cells are cells that line internal cavities including blood vessels and glands. Lining cells regulate what can and cannot pass through them, protect internal structures, and function as sensory surfaces.
1692:. The immune system provides a mechanism for the body to distinguish its own cells and tissues from outside cells and substances and to neutralize or destroy the latter by using specialized proteins such as
1312:, symptoms may include sudden pain in the upper right abdomen or center of the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting may also occur. Typical treatment is removal of the gallbladder through a procedure called a
2621:
803:, the fundamental unit of life. At maturity, there are roughly 30 trillion cells, and 38 trillion bacteria in the body, an estimate arrived at by totaling the cell numbers of all the
4220:
5373:
1644:
as well. The endocrine hormones serve as signals from one body system to another regarding an enormous array of conditions, resulting in variety of changes of function.
3169:, pioneering the combination of close observation with careful experiment. In the 19th century, physiological knowledge began to accumulate at a rapid rate with the
2881:
and volume. Together, these systems regulate the internal environment of the body, maintaining blood flow, posture, energy supply, temperature, and acid balance (
811:. The skin of the body is also host to billions of commensal organisms as well as immune cells. Not all parts of the body are made from cells. Cells sit in an
4725:
2992:
learn about the human body from illustrations, models, and demonstrations. Medical and dental students in addition gain practical experience, for example by
2717:
collect blood low in oxygen from tissues throughout the body. These collect in progressively larger veins until they reach the body's two largest veins, the
471:
in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain
273:
4098:
2190:
that degenerate until at puberty there are around 40,000. No more egg cells are produced. Hormones stimulate the beginning of menstruation, and the ongoing
749:
content of some 42 litres (9.2 imp gal; 11 US gal). This is made up of about 19 litres (4.2 imp gal; 5.0 US gal) of
3349:
808:
794:
268:
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112:
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4158:
3485:
Hatton, Ian A.; Galbraith, Eric D.; Merleau, Nono S. C.; Miettinen, Teemu P.; Smith, Benjamin McDonald; Shander, Jeffery A. (26 September 2023).
1133:, which makes the signal slow down slightly allowing the ventricles to fill with blood before pumping it out and starting the cycle over again.
3611:
4188:
2690:
connect the spinal cord and brain to the rest of the body. All major bones, muscles, and nerves in the body are named, with the exception of
1828:. It gives the body basic structure and the ability for movement. In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in the body contain
1748:. The skin provides containment, structure, and protection for other organs, and serves as a major sensory interface with the outside world.
5222:
2907:
Development of the human body is the process of growth to maturity. The process begins with fertilisation, where an egg released from the
2529:
to force urine away from the kidneys and down into the bladder. Small amounts of urine are released into the bladder every 10–15 seconds.
2383:
For the respiratory system to function properly, there need to be as few impediments as possible to the movement of air within the lungs.
5568:
4855:
Maton, Anthea; Hopkins, Jean; Johnson, Susan; McLaughlin, Charles
William; Warner, Maryanna Quon; LaHart, David; Wright, Jill D. (2010).
219:
214:
139:
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321:
Female (left) and male (right) adult human bodies photographed in ventral (above) and dorsal (below) perspectives. Naturally-occurring
304:
127:
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1403:, and the systemic circuit, which carries blood from the heart off to the rest of the body. The blood consists of fluid that carries
1118:
2559:, which are infections of the urinary tract and can cause pain when urinating, frequent urination and even death if left untreated.
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growth, widening hips and increased height and weight, also occur during puberty. Male puberty sees the further development of the
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1391:) from one part of the body to another. Paths of blood circulation within the human body can be divided into two circuits: the
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5643:
5548:
4868:
4417:
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3157:) was the first to use experiments to probe the body's functions. The term physiology was introduced by the French physician
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191:
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where it receives oxygen and drains back into the left side of the heart. From here, it is pumped into the body's largest
2372:(sing.: alveolus) before being expelled from the lungs when the diaphragm contracts again. Each alveolus is surrounded by
2097:
is to reproduce and nurture the growth of offspring. The functions include the production of germ cells and hormones. The
5456:
Fell, C.; Griffith
Pearson, F. (November 2007). "Thoracic Surgery Clinics: Historical Perspectives of Thoracic Anatomy".
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201:
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77:
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of which they are composed. The human body consists of many interacting systems of organs. These interact to maintain
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2229:. Unlike the egg cells in the female, sperm cells are produced throughout life. Other internal sex organs are the
5708:
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occurs when the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste from the blood and can lead to death if not treated with
2470:. It removes waste materials from the blood through urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess
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159:
34:
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disease which gradually reduces movement in patients. There are also many other diseases of the nervous system.
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7809:
7243:
6990:
4102:
3204:
2257:
297:
5682:
5260:
Eck, Beth A. (December 2001). "Nudity and
Framing: Classifying Art, Pornography, Information, and Ambiguity".
4106:
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1347:
7066:
6666:
6644:
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3646:
3291:
3142:(384–322 BCE) who applied critical thinking and emphasis on the relationship between structure and function.
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72:
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2857:, keeping the body in a stable state with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood.
2006:
From a functional perspective, the nervous system is again typically divided into two component parts: the
1172:
7433:
5576:
3943:
1383:). The heart propels the circulation of the blood, which serves as a "transportation system" to transfer
4938:
3718:
Jaworska-Wilczynska, Maria; Trzaskoma, Pawel; Szczepankiewicz, Andrzej A.; Hryniewiecki, Tomasz (2016).
3004:
are basic medical sciences, generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school.
761:, and about 23 litres (5.1 imp gal; 6.1 US gal) of fluid inside cells. The content,
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5303:
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and the study of the cellular structure of tissues and organs. Modern anatomy uses techniques such as
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compiled classical knowledge of anatomy into a text that was used throughout the Middle Ages. In the
3056:
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2094:
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1992:
1964:
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3094:(1514–1564) pioneered the modern study of human anatomy by dissection, writing the influential book
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in the circulation, including some that move from tissue to blood vessels and back, as well as the
1094:. The primary purpose of the atria is to allow uninterrupted venous blood flow to the heart during
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vary individually and with age and sex. Body shape is influenced by the distribution of bones,
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2725:, which drain blood into the right side of the heart. From here, the blood is pumped into the
1527:: the systematic expansion and contraction of muscles to push food from one area to the next.
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2865:. The nervous system receives information from the body, and transmits this to the brain via
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roughly 75% greater than would be possible without them. The purpose of the ventricles is to
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1912:; it serves many aspects of communication and controls various systems and functions. The
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Blood vessels carry blood throughout the body, which moves because of the beating of the
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3486:
3300: – List of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in the study of medicine
2555:, which are formed when materials in the urine concentrate enough to form a solid mass,
904:, defined as cells that act with a specialised function. The study of tissues is called
765:
and composition of the water inside and outside cells is carefully maintained. The main
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742:. These elements reside in trillions of cells and non-cellular components of the body.
263:
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2837:
is the study of how the human body functions. This includes the mechanical, physical,
2544:. A normal bladder can hold up to 16 ounces (half a liter) for 3–5 hours comfortably.
1764:
1566:, which absorbs the nutrients and water from the chyme. What remains passes on to the
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Female puberty generally occurs between the ages of 9 and 13 and is characterized by
1917:
1832:, the site of production of blood cells. Also, all bones are major storage sites for
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1308:. Most people are asymptomatic but if a stone blocks the biliary tract, it causes a
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3444:
3282: – Study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species
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Cells that line surfaces exposed to the outside world or gastrointestinal tract (
877:
3060:
Two facing pages of text with woodcuts of naked male and female figures, in the
2525:
lining the ureter walls continuously tighten and relax through a process called
1971:
outside the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is mostly responsible for organizing
1495:
for distribution and absorption into the body. These molecules take the form of
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5696:
Anatomia 1522–1867: Anatomical Plates from the Thomas Fisher Rare Book
Library
5273:
3552:"Revealing the secret life of skin - with the microbiome you never walk alone"
2638:
is the study of the shape and form of the human body. The human body has four
2376:
carrying deoxygenated blood, which absorbs oxygen out of the air and into the
1431:
1387:, fuel, nutrients, waste products, immune cells and signaling molecules (i.e.
753:
including about 3.2 litres (0.70 imp gal; 0.85 US gal) of
7972:
7862:
7651:
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7448:
7351:
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described the anatomy of the skeleton and muscles. The 2nd century physician
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47:
5695:
5496:"Soul Made Flesh: The Discovery of the Brain – and How It Changed the World"
5347:
4887:
4740:
3990:
3510:
3030:
In
Western societies, the contexts for depictions of the human body include
1660:
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with a specific function, mostly sit within the body, with the exception of
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7678:
7403:
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5221:
Drake, Richard Lee; Gray, Henry; Vogl, Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2004).
5185:
Drake, Richard Lee; Gray, Henry; Vogl, Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W. M. (2004).
5094:
4764:
4711:
4654:
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3001:
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1368:
1304:
is a common disease in which one or more stones form in the gallbladder or
1200:
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1121:
to control the contraction and relaxation of the muscles. It starts in the
921:
912:. The body consists of four main types of tissues. These are lining cells (
858:
754:
433:
334:
5597:
4804:
3418:"Revised estimates for the number of human and bacteria cells in the body"
3288: – Study of the diversity of functional characteristics of organisms.
2439:
1320:, which although quite uncommon, is rapidly fatal if not diagnosed early.
7726:
7671:
7568:
7423:
7398:
7216:
6872:
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1983:
and other such functions. It remains a matter of some debate whether the
1960:
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5686:(from the late 18th and early 19th centuries) (archived 26 January 2014)
3550:
Sfriso, R; Egert, M; Gempeler, M; Voegeli, R; Campiche, R (April 2020).
2899:
1515:(the last of which are mainly ionic rather than molecular). After being
7814:
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7666:
7438:
7388:
7373:
7368:
7361:
7346:
7336:
7006:
6780:
6649:
6619:
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6103:
5976:
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5801:
5753:
5745:
5108:
4409:
3264:
3101:
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and eventually death. Risk factors for coronary artery disease include
1156:
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supplying the heart, eventually the arteries may become so narrow that
986:
909:
739:
494:, physiologists, anatomists, and artists to assist them in their work.
464:
456:
369:
322:
5281:
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757:
and about 8.4 litres (1.8 imp gal; 2.2 US gal) of
7887:
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7341:
7305:
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6538:
6319:
6075:
5954:
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5163:
4619:
Ndefo, Uche Anadu; Eaton, Angie; Green, Monica
Robinson (June 2013).
4438:
Horton, James; Bradford, Alina; Zimmermann, Kim Ann (25 March 2022).
3139:
2940:
2932:
2781:
2768:, separated areas which house different organ systems. The brain and
2741:
until it reaches tissue. Here, blood passes from small arteries into
2738:
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2404:
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3261: – Three-dimensional representation of human or animal anatomy
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2015:
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19:"Anatomy of the human body" redirects here. For the textbook, see
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2143:; the growth of secondary sex characteristics, such as growth of
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National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
4981:
National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
4221:
National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
2753:
from one place in the body to another. Blood is filtered at the
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1941:
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as well as other functionally important structures such as the
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6329:
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5891:
5848:
5776:
4854:
4367:
Moore, Keith L.; Dalley, Arthur F.; Agur, Anne M. R. (2010).
3327:
The Birth of the Clinic: An
Archaeology of Medical Perception
3143:
2948:
2924:
2912:
2908:
2785:
2772:
reside in an area protected from the rest of the body by the
2758:
2734:
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2506:
2388:
2349:
2222:
2199:
2195:
2033:
The nervous system is subject to many different diseases. In
2019:
1925:
1685:
1637:
1559:
1476:
1364:
1272:
1098:. This allows enough blood to get into the ventricles during
1022:
998:
990:
949:
476:
445:
437:
401:
381:
5164:"Introduction page, "Anatomy of the Human Body". Henry Gray"
3767:
Anderson, Robert M. (1999). "Chapter 1: Normal Physiology".
2532:
The bladder is a hollow balloon shaped organ located in the
843:
7139:
6681:
6416:
6292:
6210:
6118:
6108:
6098:
6028:
5881:
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5781:
5766:
5761:
3720:"Pericardium: structure and function in health and disease"
2726:
2714:
2655:
2643:
2624:
2490:
2395:, the respiratory system is persistently inflamed, causing
2284:
can affect most parts of the reproductive system including
1995:(PNS) is mostly responsible for gathering information with
1881:
1805:
1376:
1260:
1032:
994:
480:
417:
409:
377:
373:
3549:
3195:(1871–1945) later said was regulated to a steady state in
2536:. It stores urine until the brain signals it to relax the
2423:, is caused by damage to connections between the alveoli.
1538:
food into smaller pieces for easier digestion. Then it is
6716:
6533:
6297:
6123:
6088:
5995:
5833:
5828:
5811:
5658:
Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice
5334:
Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD
5051:"Urinary tract cancers: An overview for general practice"
4831:"Reproductive Cancers | HHS Office of Population Affairs"
4490:"Introduction to the Reproductive System | SEER Training"
3592:
3035:
2471:
2357:
2273:
2265:
1937:
1504:
866:
854:
397:
4437:
3397:
2022:. The ANS is involved in involuntary processes, such as
3944:"Matters of the Heart: Why Are Cardiac Tumors So Rare?"
3312: – Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness
2882:
2682:, which is a collection of nerve fibres connecting the
2174:
The female inner sex organs are the two ovaries, their
2014:(ANS). The SNS is involved in voluntary functions like
1263:
before it is released into the small intestine via the
762:
5630:
Boitano, Scott; Brooks, Heddwen L.; Barman, Susan M.;
4779:"Sexually Transmitted Diseases – Information from CDC"
4165:
Downstate Medical Center. 8 March 2008. Archived from
2037:, abnormal electrical activity in the brain can cause
1955:
is typically subdivided into two component parts: the
1491:. It converts food into small, nutritional, non-toxic
1247:
The gallbladder is a hollow pear-shaped organ located
5220:
5184:
3100:. Anatomy advanced further with the invention of the
2244:
Diseases that affect the reproductive system include
974:
1905 diagram of the internal organs of the human body
513:
are less than 1% combined (and each less than 0.1%).
5455:
3275:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
3226:
2360:
is pulled through the trachea into the lungs by the
2053:, damaging the nerves' ability to transmit signals.
1215:
quickly stop dividing and all growth occurs through
4346:"Lymphatic System: Facts, Functions & Diseases"
4319:(7th ed.). Pearson Benjamin Cummings. p.
4268:"Immune System: Diseases, Disorders & Function"
3892:"Heart Attack Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Recovery"
3350:
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
2368:. Air is briefly stored inside small sacs known as
795:
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
5652:
5186:
4739:Ringdahl, Erika; Teague, Lynn (15 November 2006).
4433:
4431:
4429:
4312:
3676:
2674:at the back of the skeleton contains the flexible
2213:The male external genitalia include the penis and
2113:. These systems include the internal and external
1900:and related structures. The brain is the organ of
1035:and slightly to the left. It is surrounded by the
5028:"Urinary System: Facts, Functions & Diseases"
4724:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3770:The Gross Physiology of the Cardiovascular System
2391:are common sources of breathing difficulties. In
1948:gather information about the body's environment.
1047:and help lubricate the movement of the heart via
952:in the lungs, to column-like cells that line the
7970:
5660:(40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone.
4440:"Nervous System: Facts, Function & Diseases"
4211:
4209:
2540:and release the urine into the urethra starting
1199:, though it is exceedingly rare and has usually
4618:
4426:
4366:
3491:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3415:
1290:The gallbladder gets its blood supply from the
5318:
5002:"The Urinary Tract & How It Works | NIDDK"
4738:
3267: – Aesthetic perception of one's own body
3181:in 1838, that organisms are made up of cells.
2737:, and then progressively smaller arteries and
1259:. It is variable in shape and size. It stores
1009:(which contains the stomach, for example) and
7155:
6991:
6166:
5716:
5563:
4206:
3967:
3965:
3612:"Gene Expression | Learn Science at Scitable"
2650:. The body's shape is determined by a strong
2352:. It brings oxygen from the air and excretes
900:The body consists of many different types of
298:
6180:
5629:
5376:. Ingentaconnect. 1 May 1999. Archived from
5101:
4882:
4880:
3598:
3487:"The human cell count and size distribution"
3416:Sender, Ron; Fuchs, Shai; Milo, Ron (2016).
3403:
3138:in Ancient Greece, around 420 BCE, and with
2877:releases hormones, such as to help regulate
2085:Male gonad (testes, left) and female gonad (
1395:, which pumps blood to the lungs to receive
1125:traveling through the atria causing them to
1043:and serves to protect it from blunt trauma,
1005:within the body. These cavities include the
349:. It is composed of many different types of
5055:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
4307:
3409:
3294: – Process of human growth to maturity
3120:to study the body in unprecedented detail.
2591:, with the latter two being far more rare.
944:) come in numerous shapes and forms – from
412:. The internal human body includes organs,
7444:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
7162:
7148:
6998:
6984:
6173:
6159:
5730:
5723:
5709:
5156:
4977:"Your Kidneys & How They Work | NIDDK"
4217:"Your Digestive System & How it Works"
4074:"Gallbladder cancer – Symptoms and causes"
3962:
3922:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3896:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3870:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3642:"tissue – definition of tissue in English"
3340:List of skeletal muscles of the human body
2481:filter the blood through their respective
1732:consists of the covering of the body (the
1203:from another part of the body such as the
305:
291:
7785:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
5519:
5392:
5302:
5084:
5066:
4877:
4701:
4644:
4520:"Technical Issues In Reproductive Health"
4294:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
3999:
3989:
3735:
3575:
3556:International Journal of Cosmetic Science
3526:
3461:
3443:
3433:
3199:. In the 20th century, the physiologists
3134:The study of human physiology began with
2845:functions of humans in good health, from
2194:. The female external sex organs are the
1316:. Having gallstones is a risk factor for
1294:, which in most people, emerges from the
475:, with safe levels of substances such as
4189:"Your Digestive System and How It Works"
3766:
3690:"organ | Definition, meaning & more"
3123:
3055:
3017:
2977:
2947:, and are referred to as the process of
2898:
2619:
2608:
2438:
2119:
2080:
1863:
1763:
1706:
1659:
1597:
1430:
1346:
1236:
1077:
969:
948:, to cells with small beating hair-like
887:
842:
316:
5537:New directions in ecological physiology
5253:
4395:
3185:(1813–1878) created the concept of the
1840:. This system can be split up into the
823:, surrounded by extracellular fluids.
7971:
5490:
5324:
5048:
5025:
4343:
4265:
4049:"Gallstones – Diagnosis and treatment"
3971:
2954:
2642:(two arms and two legs), a head and a
853:Cells in the body function because of
368:The external human body consists of a
7143:
6979:
6154:
5704:
5636:Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology
5534:
5132:
5130:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4465:"Visual Guide to Your Nervous System"
3974:"Anatomy relevant to cholecystectomy"
3543:
3219:has become a distinct subdiscipline.
3045:
2959:
2411:of the alveoli, and may be caused by
1959:(CNS), composed of the brain and the
1688:channels, which are also part of the
1550:. In the stomach, food is mixed with
1161:myocardial infarction or heart attack
1027:The heart is an organ located in the
865:and sent to the body of the cell via
451:The study of the human body includes
7923:
7684:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
7005:
5731:
5178:
5140:. Understanding Life. Archived from
5107:
4667:
4595:"External Genitalia | SEER Training"
4482:
3816:. "Your Heart's Electrical System".
2670:, organs, and other structures. The
2505:and turning the waste products into
2356:and water back into the air. First,
1578:until they are expelled through the
1443:consists of the mouth including the
509:Elements of the human body by mass.
7933:
5590:10.1146/annurev.ph.56.030194.003051
5259:
5224:Publisher's page for Gray's Anatomy
5189:Publisher's page for Gray's Anatomy
4957:from the original on 9 January 2021
4911:
4369:Moore's Clinically Oriented Anatomy
3820:from the original on 13 August 2021
3724:Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
3333:
1951:From a structural perspective, the
1110:through the right ventricle and to
1102:. Consequently, the atria allows a
880:lose their nucleus as they mature.
13:
7820:Medical Scientist Training Program
5308:Dictionary of Scientific Biography
5127:
4545:"Accessory Glands | SEER Training"
4507:
4404:(6th ed.). New York Detroit:
4024:"Gallstones – Symptoms and causes"
3918:"Know Your Risk for Heart Disease"
3161:(1497–1558). In the 17th century,
2549:diseases affect the urinary system
2225:, the sex gland that produces the
2186:. At birth there are about 70,000
1999:and directing body movements with
1967:(PNS), composed of the nerves and
892:Diagram of the different types of
14:
8000:
5675:
4373:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
3978:Journal of Minimal Access Surgery
2764:The body consists of a number of
1330:List of systems of the human body
1039:, which holds it in place in the
745:The adult male body is about 60%
508:
16:Entire structure of a human being
7952:
7942:
7932:
7922:
7913:
7912:
7045:
3345:List of organs of the human body
3243:
3229:
1141:leading cause of death worldwide
966:List of organs of the human body
769:in body water outside cells are
518:
33:
7953:
5557:
5528:
5484:
5449:
5419:
5366:
5340:
5296:
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4797:
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4360:
4337:
4301:
4285:
4259:
4234:
4181:
4151:
4121:
4091:
4066:
4041:
4016:
3936:
3910:
3884:
3858:
3832:
3802:
3777:
3760:
3711:
3682:
3306: – Look, outward phenotype
2258:sexually transmitted infections
1884:cells, which together form the
1574:; these are then stored in the
799:The body contains trillions of
42:Part of a series of lists about
7810:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
7244:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
5470:10.1016/j.thorsurg.2006.12.001
5374:"Andreas Vesalius (1514–1567)"
4688:(inactive 12 September 2024).
4315:Human Anatomy & Physiology
4103:U.S. National Cancer Institute
3634:
3604:
3478:
3367:
3273: – study of cell activity
3191:(internal environment), which
2888:
2364:pushing down, which creates a
1226:
1127:pump blood into the ventricles
497:
1:
7072:Physiological plant disorders
7067:Plant perception (physiology)
4939:"The Kidneys – a Basic Guide"
4242:"Hormonal (endocrine) system"
3360:
3292:Development of the human body
3147:
2915:. The egg then lodges in the
2911:of a female is penetrated by
2895:Development of the human body
2818:
2514:from the kidneys down to the
2055:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
1053:pumping blood around the body
777:, whereas within cells it is
504:Composition of the human body
345:is the entire structure of a
7790:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
7557:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
7169:
5431:McGraw Hill Higher Education
4599:www.training.seer.cancer.gov
4574:www.training.seer.cancer.gov
4549:www.training.seer.cancer.gov
4193:National Institute of Health
4163:State University of New York
3840:"The top 10 causes of death"
3445:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
3007:
2996:of cadavers. Human anatomy,
1570:, where it is dried to form
1499:(which are broken down into
1271:. It receives bile from the
1119:electrical conduction system
1114:through the left ventricle.
1013:, which contains the lungs.
1001:. Many organs reside within
981:, structured collections of
7:
5692:(archived 10 December 1997)
5577:Annual Review of Physiology
5350:De Humanis Corporis Fabrica
5304:Gillispie, Charles Coulston
5113:"Anatomy of the Human Body"
4621:"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"
4159:"The Cardiovascular System"
3773:(2nd ed.). p. 11.
3222:
2474:and water out of the body.
1562:; this then moves into the
1554:to allow the extraction of
1197:Cancer can affect the heart
946:single layers of flat cells
10:
8005:
5541:Cambridge University Press
5310:. Vol. VI. New York:
5049:Yaxley, Julian P. (2016).
4133:. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
3207:extended their studies to
3165:(1578–1657) described the
3127:
3106:magnetic resonance imaging
3097:De humani corporis fabrica
3049:
3011:
2963:
2892:
2822:
2598:
2594:
2432:
2329:
2250:disorders of the testicles
2130:female reproductive system
2107:female reproductive system
2074:
1857:
1789:
1757:
1721:
1653:
1612:consists of the principal
1591:
1424:
1340:
1327:
1323:
1230:
1082:Diagram of the human heart
1020:
963:
931:
883:
869:. The RNA is then used to
836:
830:
792:
517:
501:
18:
7908:
7830:
7768:
7529:
7457:
7412:
7321:
7192:
7177:
7096:
7080:
7054:
7043:
7014:
6930:
6853:
6815:
6692:
6635:
6594:
6559:
6500:
6437:
6397:
6388:
6356:
6328:
6201:
6192:
6074:
5994:
5985:
5890:
5862:
5752:
5738:
5638:. McGraw-Hill Education.
5569:"Evolutionary physiology"
5535:Feder, Martin E. (1987).
4745:American Family Physician
4625:Pharmacy and Therapeutics
4570:"Ovaries | SEER Training"
4406:Columbia University Press
4246:Victoria State Government
3948:National Cancer Institute
3866:"Coronary Artery Disease"
3694:www.collinsdictionary.com
3304:Human physical appearance
2686:to the rest of the body.
2246:polycystic ovary syndrome
2077:Human reproductive system
1993:peripheral nervous system
1965:peripheral nervous system
1896:, which in turn form the
1558:. What is left is called
1519:, food moves through the
1129:. It then travels to the
1086:The heart is composed of
959:
908:and is often done with a
861:. Here, parts of DNA are
826:
717:human body is composed of
259:Index of anatomy articles
7744:Transplantation medicine
7635:Clinical neurophysiology
7552:Obstetric anesthesiology
7472:Interventional radiology
7232:Digestive system surgery
5623:
5567:; Carter, P. A. (1994).
5268:(4). Springer: 603–632.
5068:10.4103/2249-4863.197258
4914:"Lung Diseases Overview"
4857:Human Biology and Health
4494:training.seer.cancer.gov
4408:Sold and distributed by
4296:Medical Subject Headings
4130:Human Biology and Health
3355:List of human microbiota
3321:Outline of human anatomy
2873:. At the same time, the
2601:Outline of human anatomy
2557:urinary tract infections
2387:of the lungs and excess
2103:male reproductive system
2012:autonomic nervous system
1542:, and moves through the
1530:Digestion begins in the
1279:, which connects to the
1016:
940:) or internal cavities (
788:
7615:Intensive care medicine
7589:Mass gathering medicine
7434:Maternal–fetal medicine
7119:Evolutionary physiology
7037:Physiology of dinosaurs
5405:Encyclopædia Britannica
5312:Charles Scribner's Sons
5274:10.1023/A:1012862311849
4947:National Health Service
4668:Hyun, Grace S. (2018).
4311:; Hoehn, Katja (2007).
4099:"Cardiovascular System"
3991:10.4103/0972-9941.16527
3972:Nagral, Sanjay (2005).
3789:Encyclopedia Britannica
3511:10.1073/pnas.2303077120
3217:evolutionary physiology
2776:. The lungs sit in the
2646:, which connect to the
2419:, commonly a result of
2109:develops and mature at
1987:directly gives rise to
1876:consists of the body's
1664:Primary immune response
1257:right lobe of the liver
1159:, a condition known as
1137:Coronary artery disease
1108:pump blood to the lungs
989:. Examples include the
490:The body is studied by
7207:Cardiothoracic surgery
7104:Comparative physiology
6625:Lymphoid immune system
6194:Musculoskeletal system
5732:Human regional anatomy
5433:. 1998. Archived from
5227:(39th (US) ed.).
4396:Lagassé, Paul (2001).
4344:Zimmermann, Kim Anne.
3737:10.5603/FHC.a2016.0014
3286:Comparative physiology
3209:comparative physiology
3069:
3027:
2986:
2904:
2770:central nervous system
2749:, waste products, and
2678:, which surrounds the
2631:
2617:
2569:kidney transplantation
2447:
2340:consists of the nose,
2221:. The testicle is the
2132:
2090:
2008:somatic nervous system
1957:central nervous system
1869:
1798:musculoskeletal system
1792:Musculoskeletal system
1785:Musculoskeletal system
1772:
1736:), including hair and
1712:
1665:
1605:
1521:gastrointestinal tract
1461:gastrointestinal tract
1436:
1356:
1244:
1211:. This is because the
1083:
975:
897:
857:. DNA sits within the
850:
338:
254:Anatomical terminology
7858:Personalized medicine
7717:Reproductive medicine
7642:Occupational medicine
7596:Evolutionary medicine
6613:Myeloid immune system
6399:Cardiovascular system
5565:Garland, Theodore Jr.
5400:"Microscopic anatomy"
5354:. Archive.nlm.nih.gov
5138:"What is Physiology?"
5026:Zimmermann, Kim Ann.
4402:Columbia Encyclopedia
4266:Zimmermann, Kim Ann.
4135:Pearson Prentice Hall
3810:"How the Heart Works"
3130:History of physiology
3124:History of physiology
3059:
3021:
2981:
2974:History of physiology
2964:Further information:
2902:
2863:neuroendocrine system
2825:Outline of physiology
2692:anatomical variations
2662:, surrounded by fat (
2623:
2612:
2442:
2123:
2084:
2057:(ALS), also known as
1867:
1767:
1710:
1704:, among many others.
1663:
1601:
1434:
1350:
1240:
1155:is able to reach the
1131:atrioventricular node
1081:
1051:. The heart works by
973:
891:
846:
353:that together create
320:
7878:Traditional medicine
7838:Alternative medicine
7705:Addiction psychiatry
7519:Transfusion medicine
7514:Medical microbiology
7429:Gynecologic oncology
7281:Reproductive surgery
7124:Molecular physiology
6965:Islets of Langerhans
6825:Genitourinary system
6561:Integumentary system
5427:"Anatomical Imaging"
5328:(12 December 2023).
4888:"Respiratory System"
4863:. pp. 108–118.
4741:"Testicular torsion"
4670:"Testicular Torsion"
4292:Integumentary+System
3298:Glossary of medicine
3201:Knut Schmidt-Nielsen
3014:Depictions of nudity
2990:Health professionals
2982:Anatomical study by
2497:and maintaining the
2454:consists of the two
1730:integumentary system
1724:Integumentary system
1717:Integumentary system
1351:Diagram showing the
1296:right hepatic artery
1112:the rest of the body
813:extracellular matrix
492:health professionals
384:(which includes the
335:deliberately removed
242:Glossary of medicine
7900:History of medicine
7883:Veterinary medicine
7690:Preventive medicine
7542:Adolescent medicine
7384:Infectious diseases
6855:Reproductive system
6574:Subcutaneous tissue
6343:Cartilaginous joint
5330:"Galen of Pergamum"
5314:. pp. 419–427.
3785:"Ventricle | heart"
3677:Gray's Anatomy 2008
3647:Oxford Dictionaries
3503:2023PNAS..12003077H
3497:(39): e2303077120.
3280:Comparative anatomy
3110:computed tomography
2970:History of medicine
2955:Society and culture
2774:blood brain barrier
2401:shortness of breath
2095:reproductive system
2093:The purpose of the
2070:Reproductive system
1979:, thought, memory,
1977:sensory information
1702:toll-like receptors
1281:common hepatic duct
1255:middle part of the
1185:high blood pressure
1096:ventricular systole
1075:to be transported.
751:extracellular fluid
514:
469:varies anatomically
7848:Molecular oncology
7805:Doctor of Medicine
7795:Master of Medicine
7712:Radiation oncology
7584:Emergency medicine
7537:Addiction medicine
7504:Clinical chemistry
7499:Clinical pathology
7291:Transplant surgery
7249:Orthopedic surgery
7227:Colorectal surgery
6637:Respiratory system
6390:Circulatory system
5683:The Book of Humans
5380:on 5 November 2011
5262:Sociological Forum
5241:on 9 February 2007
4912:Hoffman, Matthew.
4805:"CDC – STDs – HPV"
4674:Reviews in Urology
4109:on 2 February 2007
4053:www.mayoclinic.org
3950:. 10 February 2009
3698:Collins Dictionary
3622:on 31 October 2010
3375:"Fluid Physiology"
3205:George Bartholomew
3175:Matthias Schleiden
3167:circulatory system
3118:ultrasound imaging
3079:Hippocratic Corpus
3070:
3052:History of anatomy
3046:History of anatomy
3028:
3022:Figure drawing by
2987:
2966:History of anatomy
2960:Professional study
2905:
2903:Baby being carried
2723:inferior vena cava
2632:
2618:
2448:
2338:respiratory system
2332:Respiratory system
2325:Respiratory system
2256:, and a number of
2254:testicular torsion
2217:that contains the
2188:immature egg cells
2133:
2091:
2043:multiple sclerosis
1910:sensory processing
1870:
1773:
1713:
1666:
1606:
1475:), as well as the
1437:
1361:circulatory system
1357:
1353:circulatory system
1343:Circulatory system
1336:Circulatory system
1318:gallbladder cancer
1310:gallbladder attack
1245:
1084:
976:
898:
851:
759:interstitial fluid
339:
264:Outline of anatomy
7966:
7965:
7800:Master of Surgery
7764:
7763:
7749:Tropical medicine
7695:Prison healthcare
7610:Hospital medicine
7574:Disaster medicine
7564:Aviation medicine
7379:Hospital medicine
7286:Surgical oncology
7271:Pediatric surgery
7265:
7212:Endocrine surgery
7137:
7136:
7114:Electrophysiology
7032:Insect physiology
6973:
6972:
6496:
6495:
6486:Glymphatic system
6384:
6383:
6148:
6147:
6144:
6143:
5667:978-0-8089-2371-8
5645:978-0-07-182510-8
5550:978-0-521-34938-3
5464:(4): 443–448, v.
5193:(39th ed.).
5144:on 19 August 2017
4870:978-0-13-423435-9
4751:(10): 1739–1743.
4419:978-0-7876-5015-5
4382:978-1-60547-652-0
4371:. Phildadelphia:
3924:. 9 December 2019
3898:. 11 January 2021
3846:. 9 December 2020
3655:on 5 October 2016
3568:10.1111/ics.12594
3215:. Most recently,
3084:Galen of Pergamum
2984:Leonardo da Vinci
2871:neurotransmitters
2700:accessory muscles
2668:connective tissue
2538:urinary sphincter
2061:'s disease, is a
2020:sensory processes
1674:white blood cells
1393:pulmonary circuit
1269:digestion of fats
1163:, this can cause
1149:coronary arteries
1117:The heart has an
1073:white blood cells
1049:pericardial fluid
918:connective tissue
859:nucleus of a cell
815:that consists of
713:
712:
442:lymphatic vessels
357:and subsequently
315:
314:
140:Lymphatic vessels
7996:
7984:Human physiology
7956:
7955:
7946:
7936:
7935:
7926:
7925:
7916:
7915:
7620:Medical genetics
7605:General practice
7482:Nuclear medicine
7357:Gastroenterology
7313:Vascular surgery
7263:
7190:
7189:
7164:
7157:
7150:
7141:
7140:
7062:Plant physiology
7049:
7027:Human physiology
7000:
6993:
6986:
6977:
6976:
6932:Endocrine system
6694:Digestive system
6439:Lymphatic system
6422:Lymphatic vessel
6395:
6394:
6199:
6198:
6175:
6168:
6161:
6152:
6151:
5992:
5991:
5923:Vertebral column
5725:
5718:
5711:
5702:
5701:
5671:
5649:
5617:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5607:on 12 April 2021
5606:
5600:. Archived from
5573:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5512:10.1172/JCI22882
5488:
5482:
5481:
5458:Thorac Surg Clin
5453:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5423:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5396:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5359:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5322:
5316:
5315:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5257:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5237:. Archived from
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5192:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5134:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5120:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5088:
5070:
5046:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5023:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
4998:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4987:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4962:
4956:
4943:
4935:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4723:
4715:
4705:
4665:
4659:
4658:
4648:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4530:
4524:www.columbia.edu
4516:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4486:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4435:
4424:
4423:
4398:"Nervous System"
4393:
4387:
4386:
4375:. pp. 2–3.
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4341:
4335:
4334:
4318:
4305:
4299:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4213:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4105:. Archived from
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4003:
3993:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3739:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3651:. Archived from
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3618:. Archived from
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3579:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3530:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3465:
3447:
3437:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3381:. Archived from
3371:
3334:Human body lists
3276:
3259:Anatomical model
3253:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3234:
3233:
3188:milieu interieur
3156:
3152:
3149:
3092:Andreas Vesalius
3066:Andreas Vesalius
2875:endocrine system
2805:body proportions
2799:Height, weight,
2794:abdominal cavity
2676:vertebral column
2239:accessory glands
2192:menstrual cycles
1804:(which includes
1800:consists of the
1777:lymphatic system
1769:Lymphatic system
1760:Lymphatic system
1753:Lymphatic system
1746:sebaceous glands
1690:lymphatic system
1672:consists of the
1614:endocrine glands
1610:endocrine system
1603:Endocrine system
1594:Endocrine system
1587:Endocrine system
1469:large intestines
1441:digestive system
1435:Digestive system
1427:Digestive system
1420:Digestive system
1363:consists of the
1285:common bile duct
1265:common bile duct
1189:lack of exercise
1181:high cholesterol
1153:not enough blood
807:of the body and
747:total body water
522:
515:
507:
337:to show anatomy.
307:
300:
293:
37:
30:
29:
8004:
8003:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7995:
7994:
7993:
7969:
7968:
7967:
7962:
7904:
7893:Chief physician
7826:
7771:
7760:
7754:Travel medicine
7739:Sports medicine
7722:Sexual medicine
7662:Palliative care
7657:Pain management
7601:Family medicine
7579:Diving medicine
7525:
7453:
7415:
7408:
7324:
7317:
7276:Plastic surgery
7222:General surgery
7202:Cardiac surgery
7183:
7181:
7173:
7168:
7138:
7133:
7129:Neurophysiology
7092:
7088:Cell physiology
7076:
7050:
7041:
7022:Fish physiology
7010:
7004:
6974:
6969:
6926:
6888:Seminal vesicle
6849:
6811:
6761:Small intestine
6688:
6631:
6590:
6555:
6492:
6433:
6380:
6358:Muscular system
6352:
6324:
6203:Skeletal system
6188:
6179:
6149:
6140:
6070:
5981:
5886:
5858:
5748:
5734:
5729:
5678:
5668:
5654:Susan Standring
5646:
5632:Barrett, Kim E.
5626:
5621:
5620:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5571:
5562:
5558:
5551:
5533:
5529:
5489:
5485:
5454:
5450:
5440:
5438:
5437:on 3 March 2016
5425:
5424:
5420:
5410:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5393:
5383:
5381:
5372:
5371:
5367:
5357:
5355:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5323:
5319:
5301:
5297:
5258:
5254:
5244:
5242:
5235:
5219:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5183:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5147:
5145:
5136:
5135:
5128:
5118:
5116:
5106:
5102:
5047:
5043:
5033:
5031:
5024:
5020:
5010:
5008:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4985:
4983:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4941:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4922:
4920:
4910:
4906:
4896:
4894:
4886:
4885:
4878:
4871:
4853:
4849:
4839:
4837:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4814:
4812:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4788:
4786:
4785:. 2 August 2021
4777:
4776:
4772:
4737:
4733:
4717:
4716:
4686:10.3909/riu0800
4666:
4662:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4578:
4576:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4553:
4551:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4528:
4526:
4518:
4517:
4508:
4498:
4496:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4473:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4444:livescience.com
4436:
4427:
4420:
4394:
4390:
4383:
4365:
4361:
4351:
4349:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4306:
4302:
4290:
4286:
4276:
4274:
4264:
4260:
4250:
4248:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4225:
4223:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4197:
4195:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4172:
4170:
4169:on 11 June 2016
4157:
4156:
4152:
4145:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4112:
4110:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4057:
4055:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4032:
4030:
4022:
4021:
4017:
3970:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3927:
3925:
3916:
3915:
3911:
3901:
3899:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3875:
3873:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3849:
3847:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3823:
3821:
3808:
3807:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3765:
3761:
3716:
3712:
3702:
3700:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3675:
3668:
3658:
3656:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3597:
3593:
3548:
3544:
3483:
3479:
3428:(8): e1002533.
3414:
3410:
3402:
3398:
3388:
3386:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3363:
3336:
3274:
3271:Cell physiology
3251:Medicine portal
3249:
3244:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3225:
3179:Theodor Schwann
3154:
3150:
3132:
3126:
3054:
3048:
3016:
3010:
2976:
2962:
2957:
2897:
2891:
2831:
2823:Main articles:
2821:
2607:
2599:Main articles:
2597:
2575:can affect the
2437:
2407:occurs through
2334:
2235:vasa deferentia
2176:fallopian tubes
2079:
2026:and regulating
1997:sensory neurons
1862:
1846:skeletal system
1842:muscular system
1824:) and attached
1794:
1762:
1726:
1658:
1596:
1568:large intestine
1564:small intestine
1489:salivary glands
1429:
1345:
1332:
1326:
1314:cholecystectomy
1235:
1229:
1123:sinoatrial node
1029:thoracic cavity
1025:
1019:
968:
962:
934:
886:
878:red blood cells
841:
835:
829:
797:
791:
701:Trace elements
506:
500:
311:
282:
281:
280:
236:
228:
227:
226:
176:
166:
165:
164:
97:
89:
88:
87:
57:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8002:
7992:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7964:
7963:
7961:
7960:
7950:
7940:
7930:
7920:
7909:
7906:
7905:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7896:
7895:
7885:
7880:
7875:
7870:
7865:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7845:
7840:
7834:
7832:
7831:Related topics
7828:
7827:
7825:
7824:
7823:
7822:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7780:Medical school
7776:
7774:
7766:
7765:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7746:
7741:
7736:
7734:Sleep medicine
7731:
7730:
7729:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7708:
7707:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7681:
7676:
7675:
7674:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7638:
7637:
7627:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7607:
7598:
7593:
7592:
7591:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7560:
7559:
7554:
7547:Anesthesiology
7544:
7539:
7533:
7531:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7486:
7485:
7484:
7479:
7477:Neuroradiology
7474:
7463:
7461:
7455:
7454:
7452:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7420:
7418:
7414:Obstetrics and
7410:
7409:
7407:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7365:
7364:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7329:
7327:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7315:
7310:
7309:
7308:
7298:
7296:Trauma surgery
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7267:
7266:
7259:Otolaryngology
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7235:
7234:
7229:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7198:
7196:
7187:
7185:subspecialties
7175:
7174:
7167:
7166:
7159:
7152:
7144:
7135:
7134:
7132:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7111:
7106:
7100:
7098:
7097:Related topics
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7084:
7082:
7078:
7077:
7075:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7058:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7044:
7042:
7040:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7018:
7016:
7012:
7011:
7003:
7002:
6995:
6988:
6980:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6936:
6934:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6923:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6859:
6857:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6821:
6819:
6817:Urinary system
6813:
6812:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6739:Laryngopharynx
6736:
6726:
6725:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6707:Salivary gland
6698:
6696:
6690:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6685:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6664:
6663:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6641:
6639:
6633:
6632:
6630:
6629:
6628:
6627:
6617:
6616:
6615:
6604:
6602:
6600:immune systems
6596:Haematopoietic
6592:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6587:
6586:
6576:
6571:
6565:
6563:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6548:
6546:Somatic system
6543:
6542:
6541:
6536:
6529:Sensory system
6526:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6506:
6504:
6502:Nervous system
6498:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6490:
6489:
6488:
6481:CNS equivalent
6478:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6461:
6460:
6459:
6454:
6443:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6431:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6403:
6401:
6392:
6386:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6362:
6360:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6348:Synovial joint
6345:
6340:
6334:
6332:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6317:
6316:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6224:
6218:
6207:
6205:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6178:
6177:
6170:
6163:
6155:
6146:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6080:
6078:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6000:
5998:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5952:
5947:
5946:
5945:
5940:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5919:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5897:
5895:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5866:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5764:
5758:
5756:
5750:
5749:
5744:
5742:
5736:
5735:
5728:
5727:
5720:
5713:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5687:
5677:
5676:External links
5674:
5673:
5672:
5666:
5656:, ed. (2008).
5650:
5644:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5584:(1): 579–621.
5556:
5549:
5527:
5483:
5448:
5418:
5391:
5365:
5339:
5326:Nutton, Vivian
5317:
5295:
5252:
5233:
5213:
5199:
5177:
5155:
5126:
5100:
5061:(3): 533–538.
5041:
5018:
4993:
4968:
4930:
4904:
4876:
4869:
4847:
4822:
4811:. 23 June 2021
4796:
4770:
4731:
4680:(2): 104–106.
4660:
4631:(6): 336–355.
4611:
4586:
4561:
4536:
4506:
4481:
4456:
4425:
4418:
4388:
4381:
4359:
4336:
4330:978-0805359107
4329:
4309:Marieb, Elaine
4300:
4284:
4258:
4233:
4205:
4180:
4150:
4143:
4120:
4090:
4065:
4040:
4015:
3961:
3935:
3909:
3883:
3872:. 19 July 2021
3857:
3831:
3801:
3776:
3759:
3730:(3): 121–125.
3710:
3681:
3666:
3633:
3616:www.nature.com
3603:
3591:
3562:(2): 116–126.
3542:
3477:
3435:10.1101/036103
3408:
3396:
3379:Anaesthesiamcq
3365:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3268:
3262:
3255:
3254:
3240:
3237:Biology portal
3224:
3221:
3183:Claude Bernard
3163:William Harvey
3128:Main article:
3125:
3122:
3074:Ancient Greece
3050:Main article:
3047:
3044:
3012:Main article:
3009:
3006:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2939:, and through
2927:develop until
2893:Main article:
2890:
2887:
2879:blood pressure
2867:nerve impulses
2820:
2817:
2778:pleural cavity
2696:sesamoid bones
2664:adipose tissue
2596:
2593:
2499:proper balance
2487:waste products
2452:urinary system
2445:urinary system
2435:Urinary system
2433:Main article:
2431:
2430:
2428:Urinary system
2354:carbon dioxide
2330:Main article:
2328:
2327:
2248:, a number of
2075:Main article:
2073:
2072:
2028:blood pressure
2010:(SNS) and the
1953:nervous system
1914:special senses
1874:nervous system
1868:Nervous system
1860:Nervous system
1858:Main article:
1856:
1855:
1853:Nervous system
1802:human skeleton
1790:Main article:
1788:
1787:
1758:Main article:
1756:
1755:
1722:Main article:
1720:
1719:
1654:Main article:
1652:
1651:
1592:Main article:
1590:
1589:
1425:Main article:
1423:
1422:
1401:carbon dioxide
1341:Main article:
1339:
1338:
1325:
1322:
1231:Main article:
1228:
1225:
1169:cardiac arrest
1104:cardiac output
1100:atrial systole
1092:two ventricles
1021:Main article:
1018:
1015:
961:
958:
933:
930:
885:
882:
831:Main article:
828:
825:
790:
787:
711:
710:
707:
704:
702:
698:
697:
694:
691:
688:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
670:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
642:
641:
638:
635:
632:
628:
627:
624:
621:
618:
614:
613:
610:
607:
604:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
586:
585:
582:
579:
576:
572:
571:
568:
565:
562:
558:
557:
554:
551:
548:
544:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
511:Trace elements
502:Main article:
499:
496:
487:in the blood.
313:
312:
310:
309:
302:
295:
287:
284:
283:
279:
278:
277:
276:
266:
261:
256:
251:
245:
244:
238:
237:
234:
233:
230:
229:
225:
224:
223:
222:
217:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
178:
177:
172:
171:
168:
167:
163:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
136:
135:
130:
120:
115:
110:
105:
99:
98:
95:
94:
91:
90:
86:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
59:
58:
55:
54:
51:
50:
44:
43:
39:
38:
22:Gray's Anatomy
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8001:
7990:
7989:Human anatomy
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7959:
7951:
7949:
7945:
7941:
7939:
7931:
7929:
7921:
7919:
7911:
7910:
7907:
7901:
7898:
7894:
7891:
7890:
7889:
7886:
7884:
7881:
7879:
7876:
7874:
7871:
7869:
7866:
7864:
7863:Public health
7861:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7843:Allied health
7841:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7833:
7829:
7821:
7818:
7817:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7777:
7775:
7773:
7767:
7755:
7752:
7751:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7706:
7703:
7702:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7652:Oral medicine
7650:
7648:
7647:Ophthalmology
7645:
7643:
7640:
7636:
7633:
7632:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7590:
7587:
7586:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7528:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7509:Cytopathology
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7491:
7490:
7487:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7460:
7456:
7450:
7449:Urogynecology
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7421:
7419:
7417:
7411:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7355:
7353:
7352:Endocrinology
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7334:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7326:
7320:
7314:
7311:
7307:
7304:
7303:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7262:
7261:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7224:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7199:
7197:
7195:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7180:
7176:
7172:
7165:
7160:
7158:
7153:
7151:
7146:
7145:
7142:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7109:Ecophysiology
7107:
7105:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7089:
7086:
7085:
7083:
7079:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7053:
7048:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7019:
7017:
7013:
7008:
7001:
6996:
6994:
6989:
6987:
6982:
6981:
6978:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6929:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6864:
6861:
6860:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6814:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6800:Biliary tract
6798:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6730:
6727:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6704:
6703:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6695:
6691:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6647:
6646:
6643:
6642:
6640:
6638:
6634:
6626:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6618:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6585:
6584:Mammary gland
6582:
6581:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6564:
6562:
6558:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6499:
6487:
6484:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6466:
6465:
6462:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6440:
6436:
6430:
6427:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6402:
6400:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6387:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6359:
6355:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6338:Fibrous joint
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6327:
6321:
6318:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6225:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6191:
6187:
6183:
6182:Human systems
6176:
6171:
6169:
6164:
6162:
6157:
6156:
6153:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6077:
6073:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6001:
5999:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5978:
5975:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5865:
5861:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5769:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5726:
5721:
5719:
5714:
5712:
5707:
5706:
5703:
5697:
5694:
5691:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5669:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5647:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5628:
5627:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5579:
5578:
5570:
5566:
5560:
5552:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5531:
5522:
5517:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5500:J Clin Invest
5497:
5493:
5487:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5452:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5422:
5407:
5406:
5401:
5395:
5379:
5375:
5369:
5353:
5351:
5343:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5321:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5299:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5256:
5240:
5236:
5234:0-443-07168-3
5230:
5226:
5225:
5217:
5202:
5200:0-443-07168-3
5196:
5191:
5190:
5181:
5165:
5159:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5131:
5114:
5110:
5104:
5096:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5078:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5045:
5030:. LiveScience
5029:
5022:
5007:
5003:
4997:
4982:
4978:
4972:
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4934:
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4908:
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4889:
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4861:Prentice Hall
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4363:
4348:. LiveScience
4347:
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4218:
4212:
4210:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4168:
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4160:
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4146:
4144:0-13-981176-1
4140:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4124:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4079:
4075:
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4054:
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4029:
4025:
4019:
4011:
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3997:
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3987:
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3966:
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3893:
3887:
3871:
3867:
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3805:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3772:
3771:
3763:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3714:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3679:, p. 27.
3678:
3673:
3671:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3643:
3637:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3601:, p. 16.
3600:
3599:Ganong's 2016
3595:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3516:
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3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
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3488:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3404:Ganong's 2016
3400:
3385:on 3 May 2005
3384:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3366:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
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3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3241:
3238:
3232:
3227:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3213:ecophysiology
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3193:Walter Cannon
3190:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3026:(before 1925)
3025:
3024:Lovis Corinth
3020:
3015:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2901:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2839:bioelectrical
2836:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2766:body cavities
2762:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2616:of human body
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2561:Renal failure
2558:
2554:
2553:kidney stones
2550:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:smooth muscle
2519:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2429:
2426:
2425:
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2418:
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2402:
2398:
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2363:
2359:
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2347:
2343:
2339:
2333:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2278:genital warts
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:underarm hair
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2127:
2126:gross anatomy
2122:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2051:nerve linings
2048:
2047:immune system
2044:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2002:
2001:motor neurons
1998:
1994:
1990:
1989:consciousness
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:, processing
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1866:
1861:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1670:immune system
1662:
1657:
1656:Immune system
1650:
1649:Immune system
1647:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1552:gastric acids
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:blood vessels
1366:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:biliary tract
1303:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1292:cystic artery
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1267:to help with
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1224:
1222:
1221:cell division
1218:
1217:size increase
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1165:heart failure
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
972:
967:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
929:
927:
926:muscle tissue
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
895:
890:
881:
879:
875:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
849:
845:
840:
834:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
796:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
718:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
695:
692:
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
661:
658:
657:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
639:
636:
633:
630:
629:
625:
622:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:
591:
588:
587:
583:
580:
577:
574:
573:
569:
566:
563:
560:
559:
555:
552:
549:
546:
545:
542:
541:Percent atoms
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
521:
516:
512:
505:
495:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:blood vessels
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
363:organ systems
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
308:
303:
301:
296:
294:
289:
288:
286:
285:
275:
272:
271:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
243:
240:
239:
232:
231:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
179:
175:
170:
169:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
134:
131:
129:
126:
125:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
100:
93:
92:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
64:
61:
60:
53:
52:
49:
48:Human anatomy
46:
45:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
28:
24:
23:
7868:Rural health
7853:Nanomedicine
7404:Rheumatology
7335: /
7254:Hand surgery
7239:Neurosurgery
6787:
6755:
6728:
6480:
6463:
6446:
6406:
6181:
5872:Adam's apple
5739:
5681:
5657:
5635:
5609:. Retrieved
5602:the original
5581:
5575:
5559:
5539:. New York:
5536:
5530:
5503:
5499:
5492:Zimmer, Carl
5486:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5439:. Retrieved
5435:the original
5421:
5409:. Retrieved
5403:
5394:
5382:. Retrieved
5378:the original
5368:
5356:. Retrieved
5349:
5348:"Vesalius's
5342:
5333:
5320:
5307:
5298:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5243:. Retrieved
5239:the original
5223:
5216:
5204:. Retrieved
5188:
5180:
5168:. Retrieved
5158:
5146:. Retrieved
5142:the original
5117:. Retrieved
5103:
5058:
5054:
5044:
5032:. Retrieved
5021:
5009:. Retrieved
5005:
4996:
4984:. Retrieved
4980:
4971:
4959:. Retrieved
4945:
4933:
4921:. Retrieved
4917:
4907:
4895:. Retrieved
4891:
4856:
4850:
4838:. Retrieved
4834:
4825:
4813:. Retrieved
4808:
4799:
4787:. Retrieved
4782:
4773:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4720:cite journal
4677:
4673:
4663:
4628:
4624:
4614:
4602:. Retrieved
4598:
4589:
4577:. Retrieved
4573:
4564:
4552:. Retrieved
4548:
4539:
4527:. Retrieved
4523:
4497:. Retrieved
4493:
4484:
4472:. Retrieved
4468:
4459:
4447:. Retrieved
4443:
4401:
4391:
4368:
4362:
4350:. Retrieved
4339:
4314:
4303:
4287:
4275:. Retrieved
4261:
4249:. Retrieved
4236:
4224:. Retrieved
4196:. Retrieved
4183:
4173:16 September
4171:. Retrieved
4167:the original
4153:
4129:
4123:
4113:16 September
4111:. Retrieved
4107:the original
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4077:
4068:
4056:. Retrieved
4052:
4043:
4031:. Retrieved
4027:
4018:
3981:
3977:
3952:. Retrieved
3947:
3938:
3926:. Retrieved
3921:
3912:
3900:. Retrieved
3895:
3886:
3874:. Retrieved
3869:
3860:
3848:. Retrieved
3843:
3834:
3822:. Retrieved
3813:
3804:
3792:. Retrieved
3788:
3779:
3769:
3762:
3727:
3723:
3713:
3703:17 September
3701:. Retrieved
3693:
3684:
3659:17 September
3657:. Retrieved
3653:the original
3645:
3636:
3624:. Retrieved
3620:the original
3615:
3606:
3594:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3425:
3422:PLOS Biology
3421:
3411:
3406:, p. 5.
3399:
3387:. Retrieved
3383:the original
3378:
3369:
3325:
3316:Organ system
3186:
3133:
3095:
3077:
3071:
3061:
3029:
3002:biochemistry
2988:
2906:
2859:
2832:
2798:
2763:
2704:
2633:
2546:
2531:
2520:
2503:electrolytes
2476:
2449:
2427:
2413:tuberculosis
2385:Inflammation
2382:
2335:
2324:
2243:
2231:epididymides
2212:
2173:
2141:menstruation
2134:
2092:
2069:
2063:motor neuron
2049:attacks the
2032:
2005:
1950:
1871:
1852:
1795:
1784:
1774:
1752:
1742:sweat glands
1727:
1716:
1667:
1648:
1634:parathyroids
1607:
1586:
1529:
1523:by means of
1438:
1419:
1358:
1335:
1300:
1289:
1283:to form the
1246:
1219:rather than
1201:metastasized
1135:
1116:
1085:
1031:between the
1026:
977:
935:
922:nerve tissue
899:
852:
798:
767:electrolytes
755:blood plasma
744:
714:
540:
536:Percent mass
535:
530:
525:
489:
450:
367:
342:
340:
27:
21:
7938:Wikiproject
7727:Venereology
7672:Neonatology
7569:Dermatology
7424:Gynaecology
7416:gynaecology
7399:Pulmonology
7217:Eye surgery
7179:Specialties
6955:Parathyroid
6655:Nasopharynx
6517:Spinal cord
6452:Bone marrow
6221:Collar bone
5611:20 November
5148:4 September
5119:4 September
5109:Gray, Henry
5034:4 September
4835:opa.hhs.gov
4809:www.cdc.gov
4783:www.cdc.gov
4352:4 September
4277:4 September
4272:LiveScience
4251:4 September
4198:4 September
4078:Mayo Clinic
4028:Mayo Clinic
3984:(2): 53–8.
3389:2 September
3197:homeostasis
3171:cell theory
3159:Jean Fernel
3136:Hippocrates
3114:fluoroscopy
3088:Renaissance
3040:pornography
3032:information
2937:adolescence
2919:, where an
2889:Development
2855:homeostasis
2843:biochemical
2792:sit in the
2743:capillaries
2680:spinal cord
2666:), muscle,
2629:human brain
2627:of healthy
2527:peristalsis
2485:, removing
2477:First, the
2378:bloodstream
2374:capillaries
2342:nasopharynx
2237:, and some
2227:sperm cells
1961:spinal cord
1916:consist of
1904:, emotion,
1894:gray matter
1830:bone marrow
1682:lymph nodes
1525:peristalsis
1501:amino acids
1485:gallbladder
1413:bone marrow
1381:capillaries
1355:of the body
1277:cystic duct
1242:Gallbladder
1233:Gallbladder
1227:Gallbladder
1213:heart cells
1041:mediastinum
1037:pericardium
942:endothelium
896:in the body
894:soft tissue
617:Phosphorus
498:Composition
473:homeostasis
467:. The body
347:human being
331:facial hair
7979:Human body
7973:Categories
7700:Psychiatry
7686:(PM&R)
7679:Phlebology
7667:Pediatrics
7494:Anatomical
7459:Diagnostic
7439:Obstetrics
7389:Nephrology
7374:Hematology
7369:Geriatrics
7362:Hepatology
7347:Cardiology
7337:Immunology
7007:Physiology
6734:Oropharynx
6474:Lymph node
6407:peripheral
6253:Metatarsus
6248:Metacarpus
6227:Thigh bone
6223:(clavicle)
6039:Fingernail
5690:Inner Body
5506:(5): 604.
5411:14 October
5115:. Bartleby
4923:8 February
4897:8 February
4474:8 February
4449:8 February
4410:Gale Group
3814:NHLBI, NIH
3361:References
3265:Body image
3155: 199
3153: – c.
3151: 126
3102:microscope
2998:physiology
2994:dissection
2923:and later
2835:physiology
2829:Physiology
2819:Physiology
2813:fat tissue
2803:and other
2782:intestines
2739:arterioles
2551:including
2495:creatinine
2260:including
2252:including
2182:, and the
2099:sex organs
2059:Lou Gehrig
1963:; and the
1694:antibodies
1399:and leave
1328:See also:
1302:Gallstones
1157:myocardium
964:See also:
910:microscope
837:See also:
809:cell types
793:See also:
783:phosphates
781:and other
740:phosphorus
722:including
687:Magnesium
631:Potassium
465:embryology
457:physiology
343:human body
333:have been
269:Cell types
192:Depressors
96:Structures
73:Variations
7888:Physician
7772:education
7630:Neurology
7625:Narcology
7489:Pathology
7467:Radiology
7342:Angiology
7306:Andrology
6940:Pituitary
6789:accessory
6744:Esophagus
6464:secondary
6376:Diaphragm
6320:Cartilage
6268:Phalanges
5955:Genitalia
5384:29 August
5358:29 August
5290:143370129
5077:2249-4863
4757:0002-838X
4694:1523-6161
4637:1052-1372
3746:1897-5631
3649:| English
3519:0027-8424
3454:1544-9173
3140:Aristotle
3008:Depiction
2941:adulthood
2933:childhood
2660:cartilage
2547:Numerous
2542:urination
2417:Emphysema
2409:infection
2405:Pneumonia
2362:diaphragm
2310:fallopian
2290:testicles
2286:the penis
2270:chlamydia
2219:testicles
2208:vestibule
2169:testicles
2137:ovulation
2124:Internal
2115:genitalia
2024:digestion
1981:cognition
1838:phosphate
1822:cartilage
1810:ligaments
1698:cytokines
1618:pituitary
1556:nutrients
1544:esophagus
1540:swallowed
1517:swallowed
1493:molecules
1453:esophagus
1249:posterior
1088:two atria
1061:nutrients
1055:allowing
1045:infection
938:epithelia
914:epithelia
906:histology
779:potassium
709:< 0.3
706:< 0.1
673:Chlorine
589:Nitrogen
575:Hydrogen
461:histology
430:ligaments
361:and then
274:by origin
249:Epithelia
211:Rotators
202:Extensors
197:Elevators
187:Adductors
182:Abductors
128:endocrine
113:Eponymous
78:Movements
7918:Category
7394:Oncology
7325:medicine
7323:Internal
7171:Medicine
6920:Placenta
6883:Testicle
6878:Prostate
6805:Pancreas
6766:Appendix
6756:lower GI
6729:upper GI
6677:Bronchus
6620:Lymphoid
6303:Vertebra
6258:Ossicles
6243:Mandible
6084:Buttocks
6004:Shoulder
5839:Mandible
5772:Forehead
5634:(2016).
5494:(2004).
5478:18271159
5306:(1972).
5245:27 March
5206:27 March
5170:27 March
5111:(1918).
5095:28217578
5011:7 August
4986:7 August
4961:7 August
4952:Archived
4840:7 August
4815:7 August
4789:7 August
4765:17137004
4712:30288149
4655:23946629
4604:7 August
4579:7 August
4554:7 August
4529:7 August
4137:. 1993.
4083:7 August
4058:7 August
4033:7 August
4010:21206646
3954:7 August
3928:7 August
3902:7 August
3876:7 August
3850:7 August
3824:7 August
3818:Archived
3794:7 August
3754:27654013
3586:31743445
3537:37722043
3528:10523466
3472:27541692
3310:Medicine
3223:See also
2751:hormones
2719:superior
2694:such as
2654:made of
2652:skeleton
2614:Cavities
2565:dialysis
2483:nephrons
2397:wheezing
2294:prostate
2262:syphilis
2204:clitoris
2105:and the
2089:, right)
2039:seizures
2035:epilepsy
2016:speaking
1844:and the
1642:hormones
1630:pancreas
1626:adrenals
1534:, which
1513:minerals
1509:vitamins
1497:proteins
1481:pancreas
1389:hormones
1373:arteries
1275:via the
1253:inferior
1193:diabetes
1069:hormones
1003:cavities
874:proteins
839:Genetics
821:collagen
819:such as
817:proteins
775:chloride
724:hydrogen
720:elements
603:Calcium
394:genitals
235:See also
220:internal
215:external
133:exocrine
118:Foramina
103:Arteries
63:Features
7958:Outline
7928:Commons
7873:Therapy
7770:Medical
7333:Allergy
7301:Urology
7194:Surgery
7015:Animals
6960:Adrenal
6950:Thyroid
6868:Scrotum
6845:Urethra
6840:Bladder
6749:Stomach
6672:Trachea
6608:Myeloid
6447:primary
6313:Sternum
6263:Patella
6238:Humerus
6229:(femur)
6129:Toenail
6019:Forearm
5965:Scrotum
5911:Midriff
5901:Abdomen
5894:(Trunk)
5844:Occiput
5787:Eyebrow
5598:8010752
5441:25 June
5086:5290755
4703:6168322
4646:3737989
4499:5 March
4226:29 June
4001:3004105
3626:29 July
3577:7155096
3499:Bibcode
3463:4991899
3430:bioRxiv
3062:Epitome
2945:old age
2849:to the
2755:kidneys
2711:Venules
2636:anatomy
2605:Anatomy
2595:Anatomy
2589:ureters
2585:urethra
2581:kidneys
2577:bladder
2516:bladder
2512:ureters
2479:kidneys
2468:urethra
2464:bladder
2460:ureters
2456:kidneys
2443:Female
2421:smoking
2370:alveoli
2346:trachea
2298:ovaries
2215:scrotum
2161:vaginal
2157:uterine
2128:of the
2111:puberty
2101:of the
2087:ovaries
1969:ganglia
1922:hearing
1902:thought
1890:ganglia
1878:neurons
1834:calcium
1826:muscles
1814:tendons
1622:thyroid
1548:stomach
1546:to the
1457:stomach
1324:Systems
1251:to the
1209:breasts
1177:smoking
1173:obesity
1147:in the
1139:is the
1007:abdomen
954:stomach
884:Tissues
763:acidity
736:calcium
659:Sodium
645:Sulfur
561:Carbon
547:Oxygen
526:Element
453:anatomy
426:tendons
390:abdomen
355:tissues
207:Flexors
174:Muscles
155:Systems
83:Systems
68:Regions
56:General
7948:Portal
7815:MD–PhD
7055:Plants
6945:Pineal
6905:Vagina
6900:Uterus
6895:Female
6835:Ureter
6830:Kidney
6776:Rectum
6712:Tongue
6660:Larynx
6579:Breast
6551:Tissue
6469:Spleen
6457:Thymus
6412:Artery
6371:Tendon
6366:Muscle
6330:Joints
6308:Pelvis
6283:Tarsus
6273:Radius
6233:Fibula
6216:Carpus
6186:organs
6064:Little
6054:Middle
6034:Finger
6009:Axilla
5950:Pelvis
5943:Nipple
5938:Breast
5933:Thorax
5877:Throat
5854:Temple
5817:Tongue
5797:Eyelid
5664:
5642:
5596:
5547:
5521:514597
5518:
5476:
5288:
5282:684826
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5197:
5166:. 1918
5093:
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4867:
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4653:
4643:
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4327:
4298:(MeSH)
4141:
4008:
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3068:, 1543
3000:, and
2972:, and
2921:embryo
2917:uterus
2847:organs
2841:, and
2833:Human
2809:muscle
2790:spleen
2788:, and
2780:. The
2747:oxygen
2733:, the
2731:artery
2688:Nerves
2634:Human
2573:Cancer
2534:pelvis
2466:, and
2458:, two
2393:asthma
2366:vacuum
2348:, and
2314:uterus
2306:vagina
2302:cervix
2282:Cancer
2206:, and
2184:cervix
2180:uterus
2178:, the
2153:breast
2045:, the
1991:. The
1973:motion
1944:, and
1942:tongue
1932:. The
1928:, and
1918:vision
1908:, and
1906:memory
1886:nerves
1818:joints
1771:female
1700:, and
1678:thymus
1676:, the
1638:gonads
1636:, and
1616:: the
1576:rectum
1487:, and
1473:rectum
1471:, and
1445:tongue
1409:spleen
1397:oxygen
1385:oxygen
1145:plaque
1057:oxygen
1011:pleura
979:Organs
960:Organs
902:tissue
871:create
863:copied
848:Genome
833:Genome
827:Genome
805:organs
771:sodium
732:carbon
728:oxygen
696:0.015
682:0.024
668:0.037
654:0.038
531:Symbol
485:oxygen
483:, and
422:muscle
408:, and
386:thorax
359:organs
329:, and
150:Organs
145:Nerves
123:Glands
7530:Other
7081:Cells
7009:types
6915:Ovary
6910:Vulva
6873:Penis
6795:Liver
6771:Colon
6722:Tooth
6702:Mouth
6667:Lower
6645:Upper
6522:Nerve
6512:Brain
6429:Heart
6288:Tibia
6278:Skull
6114:Ankle
6094:Thigh
6049:Index
6044:Thumb
6024:Wrist
6014:Elbow
5987:Limbs
5970:Vulva
5960:Penis
5916:Navel
5906:Waist
5892:Torso
5849:Scalp
5822:Tooth
5807:Mouth
5777:Cheek
5624:Books
5605:(PDF)
5572:(PDF)
5286:S2CID
5278:JSTOR
4955:(PDF)
4942:(PDF)
4918:WebMD
4892:WebMD
4469:WebMD
3144:Galen
2949:aging
2929:birth
2925:fetus
2913:sperm
2909:ovary
2851:cells
2801:shape
2786:liver
2759:liver
2735:aorta
2727:lungs
2715:veins
2707:heart
2684:brain
2672:spine
2648:torso
2640:limbs
2507:urine
2489:like
2389:mucus
2350:lungs
2318:vulva
2223:gonad
2200:labia
2196:vulva
2165:penis
2145:pubic
2041:. In
1930:smell
1926:taste
1898:brain
1882:glial
1806:bones
1738:nails
1686:lymph
1572:feces
1560:chyme
1536:chews
1532:mouth
1477:liver
1465:small
1449:teeth
1405:cells
1377:veins
1365:heart
1273:liver
1205:lungs
1065:waste
1033:lungs
1023:Heart
1017:Heart
999:liver
995:lungs
991:heart
983:cells
950:cilia
932:Cells
801:cells
789:Cells
640:0.03
626:0.22
612:0.22
584:62.0
570:12.0
567:18.5
556:24.0
553:65.0
477:sugar
446:lymph
438:blood
418:bones
414:teeth
402:hands
382:torso
351:cells
323:pubic
160:Veins
108:Bones
6863:Male
6781:Anus
6682:Lung
6650:Nose
6598:and
6569:Skin
6417:Vein
6293:Ulna
6211:Bone
6184:and
6134:Sole
6119:Heel
6109:Foot
6104:Calf
6099:Knee
6059:Ring
6029:Hand
5977:Anus
5928:Back
5882:Nape
5864:Neck
5802:Nose
5782:Chin
5767:Face
5762:Hair
5754:Head
5746:Skin
5740:Body
5662:ISBN
5640:ISBN
5613:2013
5594:PMID
5545:ISBN
5474:PMID
5443:2013
5413:2013
5386:2010
5360:2010
5247:2007
5229:ISBN
5208:2007
5195:ISBN
5172:2007
5150:2016
5121:2016
5091:PMID
5073:ISSN
5036:2016
5013:2021
4988:2021
4963:2021
4925:2023
4899:2023
4865:ISBN
4842:2021
4817:2021
4791:2021
4761:PMID
4753:ISSN
4726:link
4708:PMID
4690:ISSN
4651:PMID
4633:ISSN
4606:2021
4581:2021
4556:2021
4531:2021
4501:2024
4476:2023
4451:2023
4414:ISBN
4377:ISBN
4354:2016
4325:ISBN
4279:2016
4253:2016
4228:2019
4200:2016
4175:2008
4139:ISBN
4115:2008
4085:2021
4060:2021
4035:2021
4006:PMID
3956:2021
3930:2021
3904:2021
3878:2021
3852:2021
3826:2021
3796:2021
3750:PMID
3742:ISSN
3705:2016
3661:2016
3628:2017
3582:PMID
3533:PMID
3515:ISSN
3468:PMID
3450:ISSN
3391:2016
3211:and
3203:and
3177:and
3116:and
3038:and
2869:and
2827:and
2811:and
2757:and
2721:and
2713:and
2698:and
2658:and
2656:bone
2644:neck
2625:FMRI
2603:and
2587:and
2521:The
2491:urea
2472:ions
2450:The
2336:The
2316:and
2276:and
2167:and
2159:and
2147:and
2139:and
2018:and
1946:nose
1938:ears
1934:eyes
1892:and
1880:and
1872:The
1836:and
1820:and
1796:The
1775:The
1744:and
1734:skin
1728:The
1711:Skin
1684:and
1668:The
1608:The
1580:anus
1511:and
1505:fats
1467:and
1447:and
1439:The
1411:and
1379:and
1367:and
1359:The
1261:bile
1191:and
1090:and
1071:and
997:and
987:skin
924:and
773:and
738:and
715:The
693:0.1
679:0.2
665:0.2
651:0.3
637:0.4
623:1.0
609:1.5
598:1.1
595:3.2
581:9.5
481:iron
463:and
444:and
436:and
410:feet
406:legs
398:arms
388:and
378:neck
374:hair
370:head
341:The
327:body
7264:ENT
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6717:Lip
6539:Eye
6534:Ear
6298:Rib
6124:Toe
6089:Hip
6076:Leg
5996:Arm
5834:Jaw
5829:Ear
5812:Lip
5792:Eye
5586:doi
5516:PMC
5508:doi
5504:114
5466:doi
5270:doi
5081:PMC
5063:doi
4698:PMC
4682:doi
4641:PMC
4321:142
3996:PMC
3986:doi
3844:WHO
3732:doi
3572:PMC
3564:doi
3523:PMC
3507:doi
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3458:PMC
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