143:
30:
510:
violence against LGBT members, and lack of investigation by police in LGBT deaths as a result of gang violence. On 9 September 2015, El
Salvador lawmakers passed a law enhancing penalties for hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. However, many hate crimes towards members of the LGBT community were not officially reported until 2015. And those that were often resulted in blatant refusal to cooperate by the police or accusation on LGBT individuals who in fact were the victims.
870:
357:). The policy, written by the Government with the aid of LGBT activists, as well as the national police and public security officials, allows LGBT people to file legal complaints against people who discriminate against them. Claims of crimes, torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatments against LGBT people will also be fully investigated by police forces. This was done with the aim of guaranteeing and protecting the rights of LGBT people.
856:
839:
750:
714:
677:
664:
651:
638:
625:
612:
826:
814:
802:
790:
774:
762:
738:
726:
702:
690:
207:. During the civil war in the 80's, many young Salvadorans were kidnapped and raped, but very few came forward to report it because they were ashamed and more afraid of being stigmatized, ostracized, and ridiculed by society than to look for justice. In El Salvador, 76 percent of male political prisoners told researchers they had experienced sexual torture.
464:
particularly suffer, as many of them are lacking in education and their visual gender expression is often not accepted. As a result, a large number of transgender individuals participate in sex work in order to survive. While they obtain much higher pay, they are more susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases and sexual assault.
170:, is fully engaging in homosexual sex acts. By not kissing, it is thought that one can more easily lie to or manipulate their partners, or lie to save themselves in the face of prejudice. This is in stark contrast to the receptive sexual partner, or even more openly feminine-“acting” individuals. Regarding matters of sexual role (
482:
the remaining population attends evangelical churches. As a result, many
Salvadorans hold traditional, religious beliefs on homosexuality. These religious denominations believe that homosexuality and cross dressing are signs of immorality, and many of their leaders have organized opposition to LGBT rights legislation.
191:
to convert them to heterosexuality. When these methods do not work, families sometimes expel the homosexual individual from their homes and severe all connections. LGBT individuals who are not expelled and are somewhat accepted by their families still experience isolation and guilt for causing pain to their family.
403:
their gender identity, though it can be done discreetly. Additionally, while hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery are not well studied, as there is a lack of protocol and programs. However, one study found that many trans women did not seek out medical help after suffering side effects from surgeries.
131:
In 2018, the government approved a new policy allowing LGBT people to file legal complaints when discriminated against. In 2022, the
Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice issued a reform on the Gender Identity Law, allowing individuals to change their name to match their gender identity.
513:
While gang violence is prevalent in all of El
Salvador, some gangs target members of the LGBT community. The pervasiveness of gang violence within El Salvador can also contribute to the lack of reporting hate crimes, for the fear of reprisal. While there is violence in the form of physical and sexual
463:
LGBT individuals have historically been discriminated against in the workforce. While many LGBT individuals hide their sexuality or identity, a study in 1998 found that 90% of LGBT people earned less than minimum wage at their job, despite many of them having higher education. Transgender individuals
402:
Transgender individuals face a lot of discrimination within the healthcare system. In hospitals, it is often the case where healthcare specialists dismiss patients' problems as being a side effect of their transgender identity. They are also sometimes made to wait longer or even denied as a result of
130:
In response to high numbers of reported hate crimes, the
Legislative Assembly ultimately passed a law enforcing penalties of imprisonment for such crimes. But prejudice and discrimination are still rife within regional communities, workplaces, schools and other institutions of the Salvadoran society.
441:
Sexuality is not discussed in school curriculum, which falls in line with societal expectations. This leads to invisibility in school by many LGBT students to avoid discrimination. However, LGBT students, particularly students whose their gender expression does not match that assigned at birth, drop
190:
In the home, sexuality is not discussed as heterosexuality is assumed the norm. While many choose not to come out to their families, those of the LGBT community who do, are often seen as bringing shame to their families. Often, those who come out are subjected to conversion therapy or family prayers
215:
based culture. Homosexual adults usually have same sex relationships during their youth, however once they grow to adults, they leave behind these activities, become married and have children, living a heterosexual life in
Salvadoran society. The nation's male name "El Salvador" evokes masculinity,
210:
However, due to globalization, things are slowly changing in El
Salvador's young LGBT community. Today young Salvadoran homosexuals encouraged the older homosexuals to come out and face the problems within El Salvador's homosexual community. However the LGBT community still faces heavy unacceptance
517:
Men particularly have faced violence from police officers, soldiers, and prison guards as they are often targeted for effeminate behavior or outfits. This comes in the form of unwarranted searching, stealing of property, sexual assault, and other physical violence. Additionally, transgender people
481:
A major reason for these negative public attitudes about LGBT people are the traditional teachings of the main religions in the country; namely the
Catholic Church and several conservative and evangelical Protestant denominations. Over 50% identifies as actively practicing Catholics, while many of
365:
On
February 22, 2022, the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice ordered that the current law be reformed to allow individuals who do not identify with their assigned gender at birth to change their names to match their gender identity. This came from a lawsuit from 2016 filed by a
226:
in El
Salvador usually are afraid of defending or having homosexual friends because of the fear of being stigmatized, ostracized and ridiculed by their peers, and being accused of being gay themselves. Heterosexuals usually shy away from homosexual subjects that trouble the country due to society,
509:
After the Civil War, violence against LGBT individuals continued. There were reports of violence targeting LGBT throughout the 1990s, and AIDS and LGBT rights activists received regular threats of violence. A survey from 2006 until 2009 showed continued threats of violence against LGBT activists,
427:
Since 2005, a national policy on HIV/AIDS has been developed, and it has gradually gotten the support of major politicians. In 2007, the first National testing day for HIV/AIDS was established. It continues to be held on the last Thursday or Friday of the month of June. In 2009, a national health
411:
Members of the LGBT community experience suicide ideation and suicide attempts at a higher percentage than the general population. Even when reaching out for psychological care, many individuals felt insecure and experienced prejudice. And often psychological care comes in the form of conversion
349:
passed a law adding sexual orientation and gender identity to the Criminal Code's hate crime provisions. The Code provides a penalty of between three and six years imprisonment for those who commit a crime based on the victim's race, ethnicity, political affiliation, sexual orientation or gender
118:
face considerable legal and social challenges not experienced by fellow heterosexual, cisgender Salvadorans. While same-sex sexual activity between all genders is legal in the country, same-sex marriage is not recognized; thus, same-sex couples—and households headed by same-sex couples—are not
178:
role in El Salvador is seen as gay and many Salvadoran homosexuals see female mannerisms as negative, where as playing a dominant role and having “machismo” mannerisms is seen as positive and a sign of virility. These views among homosexuals might encourage young teen boys to only have either
231:
culture. Heterosexual Salvadorans hide their feelings about the homosexuals in their society, and they either do not give opinions or go completely against homosexuality. For the heterosexuals in El Salvador, being gay friendly is seen as being against nature, being anti-religious,
126:
against LGBT people were reported between 1998 and 2015, not accounting for the numerous likely unreported cases. Since the start of the 21st century, and with the work of activists, there have been more steps taken towards inclusivity and awareness of the Salvadoran LGBT community.
338:
issued a presidential decree banning discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in the public sector. At the same time, President Funes created a Sexual Diversity Division within the Secretary of Social Inclusion, which was headed by an openly lesbian woman.
366:
transgender activist, on account of the current Name Law violating the Constitution of the Republic. The Court ruled that the current Name Laws were unconstitutional, as they discriminated individuals on the basis of gender, thus calling for reform.
165:
There also exists a cultural and societal view, at least amongst Salvadoran gay men, that if a man is the “active” sexual partner, but does not like to kiss, then he can identify as being “not gay”—despite the fact that the dominant male, or
240:
Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1822. In 1826, El Salvador enacted its first Penal Code, which made no mention of homosexuality. As such, sexual relations between people of the same sex are legal. The age of consent is 18.
450:
The lack of discussion continues in higher education as no known universities or graduate programs have Sexuality Studies programs. There have however been academic publications made in universities, which a majority coming from the
1544:
505:
over a dozen transgender sex workers in the early 1980s. This event mobilized the early activity of William Hernández and his partner Joaquin Cáceres, who formed the first formally-established LGBT organization Entre Amigos.
194:
In prisons, homosexual inmates are strictly forbidden to dress or behave in an effeminate manner. Most of the problems and attitudes within the homosexual community in El Salvador are the result of El Salvador's embedded
1558:
Lanham, Michele; Ridgeway, Kathleen; Dayton, Robyn; Castillo, Britany M.; Brennan, Claire; Davis, Dirk A.; Emmanuel, Dadrina; Morales, Giuliana J.; Cheririser, Clifford; Rodriguez, Brandy; Cooke, Juana (March 2019).
518:
are often only recognized for their assigned gender at birth in the judicial system. In the investigation of Doris and Maricela in 1999, the two transvestites were forced to wear men's clothing for their hearing.
278:
asking for the nullification of Article 11 of the Family Code which defines marriage as a heterosexual union. Labeling the law as discriminatory and explaining the lack of gendered terms used in Article 34 of the
581:
in June 1997. The march took the path from Cuscatlán Park to Plaza Francisco Morazán, as it was near the massacre from the 1980s. The pride parade continues to this day and is a celebration of LGBT identities.
316:
Discrimination against LGBT people in El Salvador is very widespread. Polls show high levels of prejudice directed at LGBT people, and there are many reports of anti-gay harassment and bias-motivated violence.
514:
assault, it also takes the form of forced recruitment and "taxing" for one's safety. LGBT members who participate in sex work are also more likely to be victims of gang violence, due to increased exposure.
161:
between homosexual couples has become a problem in the LGBT Salvadoran society. Also, there is a lack of unity among Salvadoran lesbians and gay men, as well as homosexuals of different economic classes.
1561:""We're Going to Leave You for Last, Because of How You Are": Transgender Women's Experiences of Gender-Based Violence in Healthcare, Education, and Police Encounters in Latin America and the Caribbean"
134:
Despite the sentence made by the Constitutional Chamber, the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador has not made any actions to guarantee the change of name and gender in legal documents, as of 2023.
420:
The end of the Civil War and the democratization paved the way for NGOs and private citizens to campaign for HIV/AIDS education. Yet, since the 1990s, people working for such groups, most notably
1400:
369:
Despite the calls for a reform, The Legislative Assembly of El Salvador has not taken any action to guarantee the change of name and gender in legal documents for transgender people, as of 2023.
1034:
593:
A 2013 study showed that 62% of Salvadoran do not accept homosexuality and 85% of the population believes it to be acceptable to attack a transgender individual on the basis of their identity.
1466:
259:
to restrict the recognition of same-sex marriage, even when these are couples married legally outside of the country. Individuals can adopt, but same-sex couples cannot adopt as a couple. The
1492:
394:
Gay and bisexual men are allowed to donate blood. Blood donation policy prohibits those who "engage in risky behaviours" from donating (people with multiple sex partners, for instance).
1417:
1238:
1198:
562:
to discuss the HIV epidemic. This discussion led to the development of the National Foundation for the Prevention, Education, and Accompaniment of People with HIV/AIDS (Spanish:
421:
1931:
1849:
Davis, Dirk A.; Morales, Giuliana J.; Ridgeway, Kathleen; Mendizabal, Modesto; Lanham, Michele; Dayton, Robyn; Cooke, Juana; Santi, Karin; Evens, Emily (1 February 2020).
525:
ruled that three police officers were convicted of the killing of a transgender woman Camila Díaz Córdova in January 2019. They were sentenced to 20 years of prison each.
1274:
921:
1292:
342:
Although there have been gains on removing discrimination, activists report that outside of the government and administrative areas, discrimination is still ongoing.
1851:"The health impacts of violence perpetrated by police, military and other public security forces on gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in El Salvador"
1226:
294:
A second lawsuit against the same-sex marriage ban was filed on 11 November 2016. On 17 January 2019, the Supreme Court dismissed the case on procedural grounds.
985:
1619:
HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION OF LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS IN EL SALVADOR: Shadow Report submitted to the United Nations Human Rights Committee
1109:
HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION OF LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS IN EL SALVADOR: Shadow Report submitted to the United Nations Human Rights Committee
1828:
1256:
497:
There have been multiple instances of violence and murders targeting gay and trans people throughout El Salvador's history. It was reported that during the
1048:
1397:
1470:
939:
1769:
478:
While some legal advances for LGBT rights have been made, public attitudes about LGBT people are often still negative, even violently intolerant.
2309:
2279:
2184:
1650:
1496:
1636:
1518:
1329:
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320:
Much of the nation's advocacy on behalf of LGBT rights comes from William Hernández, and his partner, Joaquin Caceres and the other members of
1424:
1378:
1347:
1161:
2061:
888:
250:
92:
2342:
327:
In April 2009, the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance published new guidelines banning discrimination against LGBT people and
1452:
2787:
2304:
2424:
2729:
1202:
455:. Many are from a psychological or legal science perspective, though there are a varying levels of support within these publications.
2813:
2486:
2355:
2234:
1784:
2567:
2284:
1078:
2026:
1184:
1035:"Salvadoran site El Faro doubles down on filmmaking efforts with a story about gangs and relationships that is racking up awards"
1939:
1904:
590:
A 2010 poll revealed that El Salvador had some of the lowest support for legalizing same-sex marriage in Latin America at 10%.
1306:
573:
To commemorate the massacre of many trans women in the 1980s during the Civil War, Entre Amigos organized El Salvador's first
2547:
2471:
2124:
2848:
2419:
2174:
298:
2603:
2557:
2552:
2414:
2409:
346:
302:
157:
countries in Latin America, and possibly the entire world. Even within the homosexual community itself, problems arise;
2461:
2404:
2189:
2084:
2274:
428:
plan to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS included a prohibition on sexual orientation-based discrimination in health care.
2638:
2623:
2239:
2054:
489:, authorized the permanent painting of several crossroads with the colours of the rainbow in support of LGBT rights.
308:
In August 2019, a lawsuit to recognize same-sex marriage was admitted for a hearing before the Constitutional Court.
122:
LGBT individuals in El Salvador face high rates of violence, and may be victims of abuse and/or homicide. About 500
2699:
2608:
2532:
2481:
2335:
2194:
1140:
STATE-SPONSORED HOMOPHOBIA A WORLD SURVEY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION LAWS OF CRIMINALISATION, PROTECTION AND RECOGNITION
62:
42:
2662:
2376:
110:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, non-binary and otherwise queer, non-cisgender, non-heterosexual (
2777:
2747:
2719:
2466:
2386:
1139:
898:
473:
2714:
2476:
2456:
2451:
2294:
442:
out of school at high rates. Additionally LGBT students have been expelled for their sexuality and identity.
301:(IACHR) issued an advisory opinion, in which it held same-sex marriage to be a human right protected by the
2289:
2070:
2047:
284:
283:'s summary of marriage, the lawsuit sought to allow same-sex couples the right to wed. On 20 December, the
275:
2752:
2709:
2689:
2562:
2537:
2522:
2517:
2328:
2299:
893:
883:
378:
280:
256:
1677:"Del orgullo gay a la Diversidad Sexual: organización de identidades sexuales disidentes en El Salvador"
2512:
2399:
2394:
2269:
2179:
2089:
1654:
1617:
1107:
2679:
2633:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2109:
1364:
452:
353:
In April 2018, the Government approved the Institutional Policy for the Care of the LGBT Population (
171:
2244:
1986:
1162:""Solidarity & Actions": Exclusive Interview with Young Lesbian Activists in El Salvador Part 1"
2704:
2694:
2648:
2572:
2527:
2439:
2381:
2249:
2164:
2139:
1615:
1105:
305:. That same month, the Constitutional Court declared a proposed ban on same-sex marriage unlawful.
87:
1747:
324:(Among Friends Association), who have faced harassment and even death threats for their activism.
2724:
2674:
2500:
2214:
2149:
2119:
2094:
412:
therapies, often when parents are attempting to modify the sexual orientation of their children.
142:
72:
2806:
2739:
2643:
2598:
2586:
2363:
2229:
2224:
2154:
2134:
2001:
1770:"Global Voices - El Salvador's 'Rainbow Crosswalk' Promotes Pedestrian Safety and LGBTQ Rights"
1829:""I'm Lucky to Still Be Alive" Violence and Discrimination Against LGBT People in El Salvador"
2767:
2628:
2169:
2159:
2104:
2099:
1973:
1016:
537:(2009-2012), is the only known openly gay person to have held public office in El Salvador.
2822:
2782:
2772:
2684:
2613:
2429:
2219:
2144:
1297:
559:
502:
498:
1062:
986:"Voces desde el armario… prejuicios y discriminaciones hacia personas LGBT en el Salvador"
564:
Fundación Nacional para la Prevención, Educación y Acompañamiento de la Persona VIH/SIDA).
8:
2762:
2114:
2027:"CULTURA POLÍTICA DE LA DEMOCRACIA EN LA REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA Y EN LAS AMÉRICAS, 2016/17"
659:
Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech)
328:
255:
Same-sex marriage is not recognized. Since 2006, there have been proposals to change the
2618:
1748:"El Derecho A Amar (The Right to Love): Same-Sex Relationships in Spain and El Salvador"
1075:
29:
2827:
2757:
1886:
1630:
1593:
1560:
1120:
953:
875:
596:
The 2017 AmericasBarometer showed that 19% of Salvadorans supported same-sex marriage.
288:
1965:
1890:
1878:
1870:
1728:
1684:
1676:
1598:
1580:
1239:"Sala invalida proceso de reforma constitucional para prohibir matrimonio homosexual"
997:
158:
99:
1862:
1718:
1588:
1572:
1199:"Piden declarar inconstitucional exclusión de matrimonio a personas del mismo sexo"
264:
1866:
1966:"¡La Puebla Lucha! LGBTI Activism and Organizing against Violence in El Salvador"
1404:
1082:
211:
and discrimination by the rest of the population driven by a religious and heavy
184:
52:
1850:
1398:
El Salvador: Ministerial decree to reduce homophobia in health services, UN AIDS
2039:
1467:"El Salvador garantizará derechos de las personas LGBT mediante nueva política"
1257:"Corte Suprema de El Salvador rechaza nueva demanda del matrimonio igualitario"
558:. It was established after a group of LGBT individuals came together after the
335:
119:
eligible for the same legal benefits provided to heterosexual married couples.
2842:
1874:
1732:
1688:
1584:
1493:"El Salvador crea política para garantizar los derechos de las personas LGBT"
1227:
Sala Constitucional de El Salvador rechaza solicitud de matrimonio homosexual
1001:
204:
200:
180:
1707:"¿El armario está abierto?: estudios sobre diversidad sexual en El Salvador"
1275:"Piden a juzgadse salvadoreña resolver demanda para permitir matrimonio gay"
922:"El Salvador no cumple plazo para legislar sobre identidad trans, dicen ONG"
1882:
1723:
1706:
1602:
861:
522:
486:
223:
147:
1804:"El Salvador's New War: Lesbian Gay Activism Confronts 'Social Cleansing'"
1576:
1243:
Noticias de El Salvador - La Prensa Gráfica | Informate con la verdad
2371:
2351:
1803:
115:
34:
838:
749:
713:
676:
663:
650:
637:
624:
611:
534:
2320:
1519:"Sala ordena legislar para que personas trans puedan cambiar su nombre"
954:"Pressure mounts for El Salvador to investigate wave of LGBT+ killings"
377:
Lesbian, gay and bisexual people are no allowed to serve openly in the
154:
123:
745:
Gays, lesbians and bisexuals allowed to serve openly in the military
825:
813:
801:
789:
773:
761:
737:
725:
701:
689:
550:
El Salvador's first and oldest LGBT activist organization is called
274:
In August 2016, a lawyer in El Salvador filed a lawsuit before the
228:
212:
196:
1785:"The Savior of the World Watched As These Trans Women Disappeared"
1616:
Asociación Salvadoreña de Derechos Humanos "Entre Amigos" (2010).
1545:"MANUAL DE PROMOCIÓN, CAPTACIÓN Y SELECCIÓN DE DONANTES DE SANGRE"
1106:
Asociación Salvadoreña de Derechos Humanos "Entre Amigos" (2010).
646:
Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services
77:
Yes, protections based on sexual orientation and gender identity
1905:"El Salvador: Police Officers Convicted for Transgender Murder"
1302:
672:
Hate crime law includes sexual orientation and gender identity
217:
1848:
111:
1557:
355:
Política Institucional para la Atención de la Población LGBT
1330:"Sala Constitucional abre juicio por matrimonio homosexual"
1453:"El Salvador lawmakers pass enhanced hate crime penalties"
232:
anti-masculinity and even diabolic in Salvadoran society.
153:
Today, El Salvador is considered one of the most socially-
244:
235:
1999:
1700:
1698:
851:
779:
of the sentence made by the Constitutional Chamber)
492:
183:
or none romantic relationships, limited to oral and
834:Men who have sex with men allowed to donate blood
797:Automatic parenthood for both spouses after birth
436:
2002:"Support for Same‐ Sex Marriage in Latin America"
1695:
1293:"Inter-American Court endorses same-sex marriage"
2840:
2069:
1379:"Acuerdo nº 202 contra la discriminación sexual"
1185:"Same-sex Marriage Lawsuit Filed in El Salvador"
984:Arévalo, Amaral Palevi Gómez (December 2016).
940:"Widespread Violence Against LGBT Salvadorans"
545:
2336:
2055:
1705:Arévalo, Amaral Palevi Gómez (12 June 2017).
889:Recognition of same-sex unions in El Salvador
311:
251:Recognition of same-sex unions in El Salvador
777:(Has not been approved by Congress, despite
633:Anti-discrimination laws in employment only
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
424:, have faced harassment and death threats.
271:) also does not apply to same-sex couples.
2343:
2329:
2062:
2048:
1635:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1393:
1391:
1125:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
829:(Banned regardless of sexual orientation)
821:Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples
146:Rainbow over the Constitution Monument in
28:
2000:Lodola, Germán; Margarita Corral (2010).
1722:
1609:
1592:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
2350:
1963:
1088:
1069:
141:
1993:
1704:
1674:
1447:
1445:
1388:
1014:
983:
721:Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples
137:
2841:
2430:Salvadoran Civil War (1979–1992)
1959:
1957:
1802:Schenk, Anna (January–February 1999).
1801:
1795:
1745:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1159:
1144:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
360:
2324:
2043:
1823:
1821:
1675:Arévalo, Amaral Palevi Gómez (2016).
1327:
397:
269:Ley contra la Violencia Intrafamiliar
245:Recognition of same-sex relationships
1752:Northwestern Journal of Human Rights
1442:
1182:
1160:Bolles, Alexandra (17 August 2012).
1017:"The Hidden Victims of Wartime Rape"
916:
914:
809:Conversion therapy banned on minors
467:
299:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
236:Legality of same-sex sexual activity
2415:Greater Republic of Central America
2410:Federal Republic of Central America
1954:
1661:
1183:Bird, The Perchy (19 August 2016).
964:
733:Joint adoption by same-sex couples
445:
372:
303:American Convention on Human Rights
13:
1929:
1818:
93:No recognition of same-sex couples
14:
2860:
1782:
911:
585:
493:Violence against LGBT individuals
389:
216:and to be Salvadoran means to be
174:), enjoying or assuming the
2185:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1305:. 9 January 2018. Archived from
868:
854:
837:
824:
812:
800:
788:
772:
760:
748:
736:
724:
712:
709:Adoption by single LGBT persons
700:
697:Recognition of same-sex couples
688:
675:
662:
649:
636:
623:
610:
599:
485:In July 2017, the capital city,
406:
2019:
1923:
1897:
1855:Culture, Health & Sexuality
1842:
1776:
1762:
1746:Forgie, Anna (1 January 2011).
1739:
1643:
1551:
1537:
1511:
1485:
1469:. 19 April 2018. Archived from
1459:
1410:
1371:
1357:
1340:
1328:López, Jaime (10 August 2019).
1321:
1285:
1267:
1249:
1231:
1217:
1191:
1176:
1133:
607:Same-sex sexual activity legal
568:
437:Primary and secondary education
104:Same-sex couples not recognized
2071:LGBT rights in North America
1525:(in Spanish). 23 February 2022
1281:(in Spanish). 19 January 2019.
1263:(in Spanish). 22 January 2019.
1055:
1041:
1027:
1015:Stemple, Lara (2 March 2011).
1008:
946:
932:
899:LGBT literature in El Salvador
533:Hugo Salinas, former mayor of
474:LGBT literature in El Salvador
1:
1932:"Gay, VIH positivo y alcalde"
1867:10.1080/13691058.2019.1582801
1418:"CÓDIGO PENAL DE EL SALVADOR"
904:
757:Right to change legal gender
521:On July 28, 2020, a judge in
422:The Oscar Romero AIDS Project
384:
2310:United States Virgin Islands
1085:Retrieved on 23 August 2007.
528:
458:
431:
88:Recognition of relationships
7:
2849:LGBTQ rights in El Salvador
2730:Water supply and sanitation
1964:Gardella, Annalise (2019).
894:Human rights in El Salvador
884:LGBT rights in the Americas
847:
785:Access to IVF for lesbians
769:Right to change legal name
546:First Activist Organization
540:
415:
379:Armed Forces of El Salvador
257:Constitution of El Salvador
22:LGBTQ rights in El Salvador
10:
2865:
2619:pre-dollarization currency
2400:1811 Independence Movement
1049:"Every Day I Live in Fear"
620:Equal age of consent (18)
471:
312:Discrimination protections
287:rejected the lawsuit on a
248:
199:culture which frowns upon
73:Discrimination protections
2800:
2738:
2670:
2661:
2594:
2585:
2508:
2499:
2447:
2438:
2362:
2285:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2203:
2077:
2009:AmericasBarometer Insight
1681:Diálogos Latinoamericanos
1063:"GAY LIFE IN EL SALVADOR"
453:University of El Salvador
334:On 4 May 2010, President
172:Top, bottom and versatile
98:
86:
81:
71:
61:
51:
41:
27:
20:
2513:Administrative divisions
2305:Turks and Caicos Islands
1711:Educação & Realidade
285:Salvadoran Supreme Court
1348:"Tomo N.383; Numero 66"
579:Marcha del Orgullo Gay)
322:Asociación Entre Amigos
276:country's Supreme Court
2548:International rankings
2235:British Virgin Islands
1981:Cite journal requires
1724:10.1590/2175-623662013
1081:14 August 2007 at the
268:
261:Law on Family Violence
150:
2420:Military dictatorship
2372:Pre-Columbian history
2175:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1577:10.1089/vio.2018.0015
347:Salvadoran Parliament
297:In January 2018, the
145:
114:or LGBT) citizens of
2558:Legislative Assembly
1298:Agence France-Presse
560:Salvadoran Civil War
499:Salvadoran Civil War
331:in health services.
138:Cultural perceptions
2190:Trinidad and Tobago
2085:Antigua and Barbuda
1808:Against the Current
1565:Violence and Gender
1455:. 9 September 2015.
1403:6 July 2009 at the
1037:. 17 December 2020.
960:. 22 November 2019.
685:Same-sex marriages
361:Gender Identity Law
329:HIV-positive people
2639:Telecommunications
2387:Captaincy General
2125:Dominican Republic
1909:Human Rights Watch
1836:Human Rights Watch
1499:on 18 October 2018
1021:The New York Times
876:El Salvador portal
398:Transgender Health
289:legal technicality
151:
2836:
2835:
2796:
2795:
2700:Gender inequality
2657:
2656:
2609:Coffee production
2581:
2580:
2568:Political parties
2533:Foreign relations
2495:
2494:
2318:
2317:
2207:other territories
1936:La Prensa Gráfica
1657:on 25 March 2009.
1309:on 9 January 2018
1205:on 27 August 2019
1051:. 7 October 2020.
926:La Prensa Gráfica
845:
844:
501:, unknown forces
468:Living conditions
159:domestic violence
108:
107:
2856:
2816:
2809:
2668:
2667:
2599:Bitcoin adoption
2592:
2591:
2506:
2505:
2445:
2444:
2390:
2377:Spanish conquest
2345:
2338:
2331:
2322:
2321:
2275:Saint Barthélemy
2205:Dependencies and
2078:Sovereign states
2064:
2057:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2006:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1979:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1938:. Archived from
1930:Chávez, Carlos.
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1825:
1816:
1815:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1726:
1717:(4): 1375–1397.
1702:
1693:
1692:
1672:
1659:
1658:
1653:. Archived from
1647:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1626:
1624:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1596:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1495:. Archived from
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1429:
1423:. Archived from
1422:
1414:
1408:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1261:Washington Blade
1253:
1247:
1246:
1235:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1201:. Archived from
1195:
1189:
1188:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1157:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1116:
1114:
1103:
1086:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1012:
1006:
1005:
981:
962:
961:
950:
944:
943:
936:
930:
929:
918:
878:
873:
872:
871:
864:
859:
858:
857:
841:
828:
816:
804:
792:
776:
764:
752:
740:
728:
716:
704:
692:
679:
666:
653:
640:
627:
614:
604:
603:
575:Gay Pride Parade
446:Higher education
373:Military service
47:Legal since 1822
32:
18:
17:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2792:
2778:Public holidays
2734:
2720:Sex trafficking
2653:
2577:
2553:Law enforcement
2491:
2487:Water resources
2434:
2388:
2358:
2349:
2319:
2314:
2208:
2206:
2199:
2073:
2068:
2038:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1982:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1955:
1945:
1943:
1942:on 5 March 2016
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1847:
1843:
1838:. January 2021.
1831:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1800:
1796:
1783:Feder, Lester.
1781:
1777:
1772:. 31 July 2017.
1768:
1767:
1763:
1744:
1740:
1703:
1696:
1673:
1662:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1628:
1627:
1625:. San Salvador.
1622:
1614:
1610:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1476:
1474:
1473:on 20 June 2018
1465:
1464:
1460:
1451:
1450:
1443:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1405:Wayback Machine
1396:
1389:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1181:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1145:
1138:
1134:
1118:
1117:
1115:. San Salvador.
1112:
1104:
1089:
1083:Wayback Machine
1074:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1013:
1009:
982:
965:
952:
951:
947:
938:
937:
933:
920:
919:
912:
907:
874:
869:
867:
860:
855:
853:
850:
602:
588:
571:
548:
543:
531:
495:
476:
470:
461:
448:
439:
434:
418:
409:
400:
392:
387:
375:
363:
314:
253:
247:
238:
185:Intercrural sex
140:
53:Gender identity
37:
23:
12:
11:
5:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2715:Regions by HDI
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2634:Stock exchange
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2472:National parks
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:Sint Eustatius
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2240:Cayman Islands
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2018:
1992:
1983:|journal=
1953:
1922:
1911:. 31 July 2020
1896:
1861:(2): 217–232.
1841:
1817:
1794:
1775:
1761:
1738:
1713:(in Spanish).
1694:
1683:(25): 99–116.
1660:
1642:
1608:
1550:
1536:
1510:
1484:
1458:
1441:
1409:
1407:, 3 April 2009
1387:
1370:
1356:
1339:
1334:elsalvador.com
1320:
1284:
1266:
1248:
1230:
1216:
1190:
1175:
1143:
1132:
1087:
1068:
1054:
1040:
1026:
1007:
992:(in Spanish).
963:
945:
931:
909:
908:
906:
903:
902:
901:
896:
891:
886:
880:
879:
865:
849:
846:
843:
842:
835:
831:
830:
822:
818:
817:
810:
806:
805:
798:
794:
793:
786:
782:
781:
770:
766:
765:
758:
754:
753:
746:
742:
741:
734:
730:
729:
722:
718:
717:
710:
706:
705:
698:
694:
693:
686:
682:
681:
673:
669:
668:
660:
656:
655:
647:
643:
642:
634:
630:
629:
621:
617:
616:
608:
601:
598:
587:
586:Public opinion
584:
570:
567:
547:
544:
542:
539:
530:
527:
494:
491:
472:Main article:
469:
466:
460:
457:
447:
444:
438:
435:
433:
430:
417:
414:
408:
405:
399:
396:
391:
390:Blood Donation
388:
386:
383:
374:
371:
362:
359:
336:Mauricio Funes
313:
310:
249:Main article:
246:
243:
237:
234:
227:religious and
139:
136:
106:
105:
102:
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
79:
78:
75:
69:
68:
65:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
45:
39:
38:
33:
25:
24:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2861:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2202:
2196:
2195:United States
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2053:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2028:
2022:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1975:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1790:
1789:Buzzfeed News
1786:
1779:
1771:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1638:
1632:
1621:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1546:
1540:
1524:
1523:GatoEncerrado
1520:
1514:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1430:on 4 May 2018
1426:
1419:
1413:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1380:
1374:
1366:
1360:
1349:
1343:
1336:(in Spanish).
1335:
1331:
1324:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1280:
1279:La Vanguardia
1276:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1220:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1179:
1163:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1141:
1136:
1128:
1122:
1111:
1110:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1050:
1044:
1036:
1030:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
959:
955:
949:
941:
935:
927:
923:
917:
915:
910:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
877:
866:
863:
852:
840:
836:
833:
832:
827:
823:
820:
819:
815:
811:
808:
807:
803:
799:
796:
795:
791:
787:
784:
783:
780:
775:
771:
768:
767:
763:
759:
756:
755:
751:
747:
744:
743:
739:
735:
732:
731:
727:
723:
720:
719:
715:
711:
708:
707:
703:
699:
696:
695:
691:
687:
684:
683:
680:(Since 2015)
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2690:Demographics
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2523:Court system
2518:Constitution
2425:World War II
2405:Mexican rule
2389:(Guatemalan)
2300:Sint Maarten
2280:Saint Martin
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2012:
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1471:the original
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1425:the original
1412:
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1307:the original
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1278:
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1224:(in Spanish)
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1203:the original
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2542:LGBT rights
2462:Earthquakes
2352:El Salvador
2270:Puerto Rico
2180:Saint Lucia
2130:El Salvador
1076:El Salvador
996:(2): 4–26.
124:hate crimes
116:El Salvador
35:El Salvador
2788:Television
2768:Literature
2680:Corruption
2573:Presidents
2395:Intendancy
2265:Montserrat
2260:Martinique
2255:Guadeloupe
2110:Costa Rica
1946:3 December
905:References
577:(Spanish:
554:(Spanish:
385:Healthcare
350:identity.
155:homophobic
2705:Languages
2695:Education
2649:Transport
2528:Elections
2482:Volcanism
2440:Geography
2382:New Spain
2250:Greenland
2165:Nicaragua
2140:Guatemala
1891:102349906
1875:1369-1058
1758:(2): 185.
1733:0100-3143
1689:1600-0110
1651:"Un AIDS"
1631:cite book
1585:2326-7836
1121:cite book
1002:2178-700X
529:Elections
503:kidnapped
459:Workforce
432:Education
2843:Category
2823:Category
2725:Religion
2675:Abortion
2614:Currency
2563:Military
2501:Politics
2356:articles
2215:Anguilla
2150:Honduras
2120:Dominica
2095:Barbados
1883:30957697
1603:30937323
1529:25 April
1503:21 April
1434:21 April
1401:Archived
1365:"UN HCR"
1313:21 April
1209:26 April
1079:Archived
848:See also
541:Activism
535:Intipucá
416:HIV/AIDS
229:machismo
213:machismo
197:machismo
112:LGBTQIA+
100:Adoption
63:Military
2807:Outline
2758:Cuisine
2740:Culture
2663:Society
2644:Tourism
2587:Economy
2467:Islands
2364:History
2245:Curaçao
2230:Bonaire
2225:Bermuda
2155:Jamaica
2135:Grenada
2090:Bahamas
1915:31 July
1594:6442261
1164:. GLAAD
958:Reuters
265:Spanish
2828:Portal
2748:Anthem
2629:Mining
2624:Energy
2477:Rivers
2457:Cities
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2170:Panama
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1477:20 May
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218:virile
187:only.
176:pasivo
168:activo
43:Status
2814:Index
2783:Sport
2773:Music
2685:Crime
2452:Biota
2220:Aruba
2145:Haiti
2030:(PDF)
2005:(PDF)
1887:S2CID
1832:(PDF)
1623:(PDF)
1428:(PDF)
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1382:(PDF)
1351:(PDF)
1113:(PDF)
2763:Flag
2290:Saba
2115:Cuba
1987:help
1948:2014
1917:2020
1879:PMID
1871:ISSN
1729:ISSN
1685:ISSN
1637:link
1599:PMID
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1531:2022
1505:2018
1479:2020
1436:2018
1315:2018
1211:2019
1170:2012
1127:link
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1863:doi
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