333:
the cells, new prisoners would sleep on the floor, rising to the first and then the second bunk as spaces opened up. One bucket contained water for washing while another was a chamber-pot; the cells reeked of feces and urine. After two detainees escaped in 1951, the windows were sealed. Three prisoners died of asphyxiation in the first month, while the rest were covered in sores. Prisoners were not allowed visitors, packages or letters. Given its transit role, Jilava served as a place where news was exchanged; new arrestees were especially prized, as they would bring news from the outside world.
328:, the prison was one of transit and triage for "counter-revolutionaries": members of banned political parties, Guardists, spies, accused war criminals and members of anti-Communist organizations. It had a small women's section isolated from the rest. The detainees were held for several months awaiting trial and transfer to other prisons or labor camps, or were brought from other prisons for interrogation by the
351:, he went from cell to cell, removing those pinpointed as the ringleaders. Six guards beat each man mercilessly before covering his head with a bag, stepping on him and beating him with truncheons and revolvers. Returned to his cell wrapped in a blanket, the victim often suffered from split eardrums and broken ribs, while blood flowed from his mouth and nose. According to prisoner accounts, most guards were
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secret police. Arriving detainees had to run a gauntlet of guards armed with bats and other weapons; after being beaten on the head and elsewhere, their clothes were inspected while they sat naked on the cement floor. They were then thoroughly inspected for contraband in every bodily orifice. Once in
223:
were brought there. It then served as a military prison until 1948. It held soldiers charged with insubordination and civilians accused of military offenses. During World War I, it first held soldiers who refused mobilization and then, after occupation by the
Central Powers, Romanian prisoners of
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347:, the warden between 1949 and 1952. During one episode in December 1950, after informants reported that detainees were holding discussions about the political situation and the possibility of
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After 1967, the prison housed common, recidivist criminals under a harsh regime. From the 1970s, they were moved into a new building. Protesters arrested during the
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Holding an average of 3,000 prisoners, Jilava saw them beaten, tortured, starved and denied adequate medical care. The most brutal conditions prevailed under
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The
Romanian government has nominated the facility, along with four other prisons used during the communist era, to be included as
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The current director of the penitentiary is
Cristina Antoanela Teoroc. As of December 2023, there are 1,049 detainees at Jilava.
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built in the 1870s and 1880s. It served as an arms deposit and garrison until 1907, when people arrested during the
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This is a partial list of notable inmates of Jilava Prison; the symbol ā indicates those who died there.
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1337:(in Romanian). Institutul de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului Ć®n RomĆ¢nia. IaČi:
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were sent to Jilava. In May 1946, the accused war criminals tried by the
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were taken there in 1921 and after it was outlawed in 1924. During the
1299:"Romanian ex-prisoners fight to save memory of former Communist jails"
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263:. Part of the Guard members arrested in January 1941 during the
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DicČionarul penitenciarelor din RomĆ¢nia comunistÄ: 1945ā1967
316:
298:. Both Antonescus were executed there on June 1, along with
1279:(in Romanian). AdministraČia NaČionalÄ a Penitenciarelor
1253:(in Romanian). AdministraČia NaČionalÄ a Penitenciarelor
1383:
The honors of
Communist Jilava Prison. Fort 13 Jilava
232:, several communists were sent to Jilava, including
1642:
1321:
256:, who killed 64 officials who had served under
1408:
248:. On the night of November 25/26, 1940, the
1415:
1401:
25:
215:The prison began as Fort 13, part of the
104:AdministraČia NaČionalÄ a Penitenciarelor
315:
271:were incarcerated at Jilava, including
1643:
1327:
1247:"Conducere ANP Či UnitÄČi subordonate"
1233:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1396:
355:recruited from surrounding villages.
349:being liberated by the United States
320:Cell at the abandoned Fort 13 Jilava
13:
365:
252:was carried out by members of the
14:
1667:
1364:
324:Between 1948 and 1964, under the
1501:Transylvania, CriČana, MaramureČ
174:/penitenciarul-bucuresti-jilava
88:1,049 (as of December 2023)
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224:war. Members of the fledgling
193:Penitenciarul BucureČtiāJilava
1:
1603:Western Moldavia and Bukovina
1322:General and cited references
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7:
1372:Fort 13 Jilava: Documentary
1212:, pp. 353, 355ā56, 358
1179:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
269:Romanian People's Tribunals
217:fortifications of Bucharest
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1651:Execution sites in Romania
591:Constantin Ticu Dumitrescu
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479:George Matei Cantacuzino
226:Romanian Communist Party
536:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
265:Legionnaires' rebellion
1466:DanubeāBlack Sea Canal
1013:Čerban RÄdulescu-Zoner
639:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
464:Mihail Gheorghiu Bujor
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234:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
230:GriviČa strike of 1933
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474:Alexandru Cantacuzino
387:Constantin Anghelache
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199:, a village south of
61:44.33500Ā°N 26.10750Ā°E
848:Paul Niculescu-Mizil
843:Constantin Nicolescu
541:Alecu Constantinescu
1236:, pp. 354, 361
1073:Gheorghe ČtefÄnescu
1055:Ion Dezideriu SƮrbu
993:DragoČ Protopopescu
921:LucreČiu PÄtrÄČcanu
799:Alexandru MoghioroČ
789:Alexandru Mironescu
360:Romanian Revolution
120:1, Sabarului Street
57: /
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1656:Prisons in Romania
1130:Constantin Vasiliu
1125:Gheorghe Vasilichi
1083:Nicolae Steinhardt
887:Constantin Pantazi
863:Constantin OpriČan
763:Nicolae MÄrgineanu
581:Alexandru DrÄghici
566:Nicolae DÄscÄlescu
416:Gheorghe Arsenescu
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304:Constantin Vasiliu
281:Constantin Pantazi
246:Gheorghe Vasilichi
242:Alexandru DrÄghici
66:44.33500; 26.10750
19:
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1637:
1425:Communist Romania
1348:978-973-46-0893-5
1224:, pp. 360ā61
1200:, pp. 351ā53
1153:Richard Wurmbrand
1148:Mircea VulcÄnescu
988:Grigore Preoteasa
876:Zenovie PĆ¢cliČanu
838:Alexandru Nicolau
768:Gabriel Marinescu
748:Mihail Manoilescu
601:Gheorghe Eminescu
576:Constantin Doncea
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634:Dimitrie Gerota
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586:Ioan Dumitrache
561:Eugen Cristescu
551:Dumitru CoroamÄ
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509:Radu Cioculescu
489:Gheorghe CardaČ
434:MiČu Benvenisti
398:Mihai Antonescu
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366:Notable inmates
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1222:Muraru 2008
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