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80:, undertook this enormous effort in keeping with the prevailing military doctrine of the day, which said the capital city should be defended at all costs. In case of invasion, Bucharest was to be the point of retreat, but also the place where significant military operations would begin, spreading from the
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market. However, the military still employs some of the forts, those to the southwest of the city in particular. They serve as firing ranges and munitions deposits, also housing army units; civilians are forbidden entry. The best-known fort is number 13, at
136:—a military prison from 1907, a feared destination for political prisoners and place of execution during the Communist era, and now still a penitentiary. Another well-known fort—and the most visited one—is Battery 9-10, located in
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At the beginning of the 20th century, chemical and aeronautical advances rendered the forts obsolete soon after their completion. Explosives and aerial bombardment made classical fortifications useless in modern warfare. In 1914, the
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cannons—were quickly dismantled and transformed into mobile artillery. By 1916, when the German Army was approaching
Bucharest, the forts had already been abandoned, and the city was taken without much difficulty.
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The forts took over two decades to build, and work was quite complex; the walls are two metres thick in places. All eighteen forts were linked by a road and a railway, which today is DN100, Bucharest's
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Today, the military has abandoned most of the forts. Stray dogs seek shelter in some of them; storage space and mushroom-growing facilities are other reported uses. During the
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broke through fortifications also designed by
Brialmont with greater ease than expected, alarmed the authorities in Bucharest. The forts' artillery pieces—all top-notch
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in the process) to draft a plan for the city's fortifications, with construction beginning in 1884. The forts, about 4 km apart, cost 111.5 million gold
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73:. Eighteen subterranean batteries were placed between the forts, and the fortification ring included some 240 pieces of artillery in all.
65:(the equivalent of 614 mil euro of today, of which only 15 million were initially allocated), or three times the annual army budget.
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are a ring of thirty six fortifications (18 forts and 18 batteries) built in late 19th century that surround
170:[The Forts of Bucharest, Transformed into Mushroom-Growing Facilities, Deposits and Cemeteries].
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168:"Forturile Bucureștiului, transformate în ciupercării, depozite și cimitire"
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204:"'Cetății' Bucureștiului i se refuză recunoașterea istorică"
206:[Bucharest 'Citadel' Denied Historic Recognition].
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Romania, which had recently won its independence from the
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București. Fortificațiile din jurul capitalei (1884-1914)
54:(who made several visits to Bucharest, meeting with
238:[The Fortifications around the Capital].
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337:Buildings and structures in Ilfov County
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202:Ciprian Plăiașu (September 11, 2012).
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352:Buildings and structures in Bucharest
236:"Fortificațiile din jurul Capitalei"
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299:Cornel I. Scafeș, Ioan I. Scarfeș "
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314:. Editura Alpha MDN, Buzău, 2008,
310:Cornel I. Scafeș, Ioan I. Scafeș,
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140:, to the south-east of Bucharest.
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166:Daniel Popa (December 10, 2005).
263:Andrei Bergheș (November 2012).
234:Vlad Ignat (December 28, 2012).
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347:Military history of Bucharest
176:(in Romanian). Archived from
301:Armamentul Cetății Bucureşti
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307:2008/4 (42), pp. 74–79
29:fortifications of Bucharest
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265:"Forturile din București"
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52:Henri Alexis Brialmont
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50:military architect
46:led the celebrated
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320:978-973-139-068-0
35:, the capital of
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342:Forts in Romania
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248:December 29,
246:. Retrieved
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214:. Retrieved
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182:. Retrieved
178:the original
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44:War Ministry
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98:German Army
86:Carpathians
331:Categories
272:orasul.ro
71:ring road
33:Bucharest
20:Fort 13,
305:Document
241:Adevărul
209:Adevărul
184:June 26,
278:May 23,
125:Chiajna
84:to the
59:Carol I
48:Belgian
37:Romania
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138:Cățelu
134:Jilava
114:Cățelu
82:Danube
22:Jilava
268:(PDF)
144:Notes
102:Krupp
316:ISBN
280:2020
250:2012
218:2012
186:2008
56:King
27:The
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63:lei
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226:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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