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Isabella and Albert were very supportive of the arts. In their patronage, they selected artists who were able create works that would promote the chief political goals of the
Archdukes: to show that their reign was a continuation of the rule of the previous Burgundian and Habsburg rulers as well as
801:
It became the testing ground for the
Spanish Monarchy's European plans, a boiling pot full of people of all sorts: from artists and diplomats to defectors, spies and penitent traitors, from Spanish confessors, Italian counselors, Burgundian functionaries, English musicians, German bodyguards to the
1032:
over the territory of the
Southern Netherlands and largely succeeded in reconciling previous anti-Spanish sentiments. As a result, the States of the loyal provinces swore to accept the Spanish king as heir of the Archduke and Archduchess in a number of ceremonies between May 1616 and January 1617.
719:
before the wedding could take place. Shortly before Philip II died on 13 September 1598, he resigned the thrones of the
Netherlands in favor of Isabella and her fiancé. The Pope celebrated the union by procuration on 15 November at Ferrera. On 18 April 1599, 33-year-old Isabella married Albert in
984:
Through such measures and by the appointment of a generation of committed bishops, Albert and
Isabella laid the foundation of the Catholic confessionalisation of the population. New and reformed religious orders enjoyed the particular support of the rulers. Although the Archduke had certain
1024:
The actions of the two rulers stimulated the growth of a separate South
Netherlandish identity. However, Albert and Isabella's children died at a very young age and as the years passed, it became clear that they would have no more offspring and thus independence wouldn't be possible.
1097:
to promote the ideals of the revitalized
Catholic Church of which they were the staunch defenders. Their favorite artists created new iconography and genres that captured the devoutness and splendor of the archducal court. Their patronage of such artists and architects as
1158:. Their magnificent collections were scattered after 1633, and considerable parts of them have been lost. Still, the Archdukes enjoy a well-merited reputation as patrons of the arts. By far, the best preserved ensemble of art from the archducal period is to be found at
881:
The period of the Truce brought the
Habsburg Netherlands a much-needed peace, mainly because the fields could be again worked in safety. The archducal regime encouraged reclamation of land that had been inundated in the course of the hostilities and sponsored the
980:
Under the terms of legislation passed in 1609, their presence was tolerated, provided they did not worship in public or engage in religious activities. The resolutions of the Third
Provincial Council of Mechlin of 1607 were likewise given official sanction.
687:. However, Isabella had to wait for more than 20 years before the eccentric Rudolf declared that he had no intention of marrying anybody. Meanwhile, she served as her father's primary caretaker during the last three years of his life, when he was plagued by
707:
but should a female succeed, she was required to marry the King of Spain or the person chosen by the King of Spain. It was stipulated that, should they have no children, the
Netherlands would revert to the King of Spain upon the death of either spouse.
774:
proved unsuccessful, the Habsburg policy in the Low Countries aimed at regaining the military initiative and isolating the Dutch Republic. The strategy was to force its opponents to the conference table and negotiate from a position of strength.
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on 9 April 1609. Under the Truce's terms, the United Provinces were to be regarded as a sovereign power for the duration of the truce. After four decades of war, the treaty brought a period of much-needed peace to the Southern Netherlands.
563:
at the time, influenced the Infanta's artistic works. Isabella was the only person whom King Philip permitted to help him with his work, sorting his papers and translating Italian documents into the Spanish language for him.
2074:
Mangsen, S. (1 May 2007). "Biagio Marini, Sonate Sinfonie: Canzoni, Passemezzi, Balletti, Correnti, Gagliarde, & Ritornelli, a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 voci per ogni sorte di stromento, Opera VIII, ed. Maura Zoni".
1966:
Mangsen, S. (1 May 2007). "Biagio Marini, Sonate Sinfonie: Canzoni, Passemezzi, Balletti, Correnti, Gagliarde, & Ritornelli, a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 voci per ogni sorte di stromento, Opera VIII, ed. Maura Zoni".
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in 1588. The movie portrays Isabella as Philip's choice to replace Elizabeth on the throne of England. She was portrayed by actress Aimee King as a young girl rather than at the correct age of 19 years.
548:, their stepmother's lady-in-waiting, and some of their mother's own ladies-in-waiting, such as Claude de Vineulx. Both sisters were described as intelligent and well aware of their high social status.
790:, was the perfect tool. This, coupled with the political configuration of the period, made the Archduke's court at Brussels one of the foremost political and artistic centers in Europe of that time.
1182:, alongside her mother-in-law Maria. She continued to take an active interest in the convent, and donated major artworks to it, including a famous series of Brussels tapestries, designed by
1016:, for instance, reformed the judicial system and ushered in the transition from customary to written law. Other measures dealt with monetary matters, the nobility, duels, gambling, etc.
977:
in the Habsburg Netherlands. Most Protestants had by that stage left the Southern Netherlands. After one last execution in 1597, those that remained were no longer actively persecuted.
703:. He was her former fiancé's younger brother, the former viceroy. They were to reign over the Netherlands jointly and be succeeded by their descendants according to the male-preference
5999:
856:'s campaigns induced the Dutch Republic to accept a ceasefire in April 1609. The subsequent negotiations between the warring parties failed to produce a peace treaty, but led to the
5910:
525:, was born. Their parents were very close to their daughters, buying them jams, dolls, toys, and more. However, their mother miscarried a daughter in 1568 and died the same day.
6180:
532:, Philip's fourth wife. The sisters developed a close relationship. Their father ultimately fathered five children by Anna, all of whom died in early childhood except his heir,
483:
Her father was reportedly overjoyed at her birth and declared himself to be happier on the occasion than he would have been at the birth of a son. He already had a male heir,
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487:, but due to the Prince’s mental illness and emotional instability, father and son had never developed a close rapport and frequently lived in conflict with one another.
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in the Southern Netherlands depended wholly on the personal initiative of the archducal couple and bore witness to the Spanish orientation of their spirituality.
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together. Their reign is a key period in the history of the Spanish Netherlands. After Albert's death, Isabella was appointed Governor of the Netherlands on the
428:
Their reign is considered the Golden Age of the Spanish Netherlands, which saw a revival of its economy and arts after a peace was concluded with the break-away
17:
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After that, Albert and Isabella's goal became the reincorporation of the Southern Provinces into the Spanish monarchy. They consolidated the authority of the
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Doubtful and dangerous: The question of succession in late Elizabethan England Doubtful and dangerous: The question of succession in late Elizabethan England
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As Infanta of Spain and Portugal, Isabella was quite eligible on the political marriage market, though she ended up marrying late for her time.
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caused a lot of diplomatic tension between London and Brussels, but the relations between the two courts tended to be cordial on the whole.
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The recovery of agriculture led in turn to a modest increase of the population (and thus workers) after decades of demographic losses.
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of the loyal provinces were only summoned once in 1600. Thereafter, the government preferred to deal directly with the provinces.
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and in particular the luxury trades likewise underwent a recovery, bringing considerable economic stability and prosperity to the
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1832:"Frans Pourbus the Younger (Antwerp 1569 – Paris 1622) – The Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633), Archduchess of Austria"
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received the largest cash grants, allowing them to complete their ambitious building programmes in Brussels and Antwerp. The
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2112:"Antes de Flandes. La correspondencia de Isabel Clara Eugenia con Felipe III desde las Descalzas Reales en el otoño de 1598"
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The years of the Truce allowed the archducal regime to promulgate legislation on a whole range of matters. The so-called
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The reign of Albert and Isabella Clara Eugenia saw a strengthening of princely power in the Habsburg Netherlands. The
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At any rate, her mother had ceded any claim to the French crown with her marriage to the Spanish king. However, the
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Anne T. Woollett and Ariane van Suchtelen; with contributions by Tiarna Doherty, Mark Leonard, and Jørgen Wadum,
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Belgian Nobles. Brussels became a vital link in the chain of Habsburg Courts and the diplomatic conduits between
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Isabella had a very good education. Her studies presumably included good manners, mathematics, and the languages
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609:, in power of the Catholic party, gave verdict that Isabella was "the legitimate sovereign" of France. The
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3154:. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished and outlawed in 1919.
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Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished and outlawed in 1919.
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1233:, where the Armada has been successful, Isabella Clara Eugenia is temporarily made Queen of England.
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Philip decided to cede the Spanish Netherlands to Isabella on condition that she marry her cousin,
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on 2 August 1589, Philip II claimed the French crown on Isabella's behalf despite France's
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841:. The return to peace was severely hampered by differences over religion. Events such as the
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The first half of Albert and Isabella's reign was dominated by war. After overtures to the
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Maria de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias and Princess Carlos of Bourbon-Two-Sicilies
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Isabella Clara Eugenia's coat of arms as Infanta of Spain shows the fleurs-de-lis of
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social classes, Albert and Isabella used the most diverse media. Visual art, in the
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Jeton with portraits of Archdukes Albert and Isabella, struck in Antwerp in 1612.
846:
724:. They had three children who died at a very young age, in 1605, 1607, and 1609.
499:
382:
432:. Isabella was one of the most powerful women in 16th- and 17th-century Europe.
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were given considerable sums as well. The foundation of the first convents of
797:
Isabella Clara Eugenia's coat of arms as sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands
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Isabel Clara Eugenia: Female Sovereignty in the Courts of Madrid and Brussels
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502:. She was named after her mother, the day of her birth, and the devotion to
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wore her portrait in a locket as a public token of friendship and kinship.
837:. On 24 July 1604, England, Spain and the Archducal Netherlands signed the
1146:
However, virtually nothing remains of Albert and Isabella's palace on the
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1207:
908:. The archducal regime had plans to bypass the blockade with a system of
659:
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1980:
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Chronica Nova. Revista de Historia Moderna de la Universidad de Granada
1191:
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528:
Isabella and Catherine grew up beloved by their father and stepmother,
904:
However, international trade was hampered by the closure of the River
890:, a marshy area that is presently astride the Belgian–French border.
2739:
2003:
Anna of Denmark: The Material and Visual Culture of the Stuart Courts
937:
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on 12 August 1566. She was the first surviving daughter of King
4906:
1802:"Isabel Clara Eugenia tenía años cuando llegó a la casa Thair Julia"
1166:, and the de Noles to create a pilgrimage church in a planned city.
35:
1155:
1071:. As Governess, Isabella alternated successes, such as that of the
721:
610:
597:
283:
2044:"The Archdukes Albert and Isabella Visiting a Collector's Cabinet"
833:
as James I in England had paved the way for a separate peace with
4937:
3908:
Maria Henrietta, Princess of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst
986:
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783:
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In pursuit of that goal and to get their political agenda to all
450:
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Isabella Clara Eugenia, Co-sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands
1242:, Isabella appeared in a minor role at the side of her father,
1179:
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883:
819:
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555:, French and Italian besides her native Spanish. Famous artist
491:
409:; 12 August 1566 – 1 December 1633), sometimes referred to as
5344:
Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz and Viscountess of La Torre
933:
929:
925:
921:
909:
679:
At the age of two, Isabella was promised to marry her cousin
506:, whose body her father had transferred the year before from
5327:
Maria de las Mercedes, Princess Irakli Bagration of Mukhrani
683:(18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612), son of her aunt
6048:
Freiin Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon et Impérfalva
4882:
also a princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess in Saxony
1873:"A view from abroad: continental powers and the succession"
1075:
in 1625, with failures and setbacks, such as the losses of
811:
688:
490:
Isabella was baptized by Juan Bautista Castaneo, apostolic
2994:
1246:, at the time of the attempted invasion of England by the
746:
Beginning in 1601, the Archduke and Archduchess ruled the
715:, he had to be released from his religious commitments by
4866:* also an infanta of Spain and an archduchess of Austria
3472:
Maria Anna Josepha, Electoral Princess of the Palatinate
1133:
Infante Isabella in the Gardens of the Coudenberg Palace
1121:, and stimulated the growth of the artistic movement of
944:, the government supported the creation of a network of
629:, Isabella was suggested as a Catholic candidate in the
5294:
Blanca, Archduchess Leopold Salvator of Austria-Tuscany
5200:
María Cristina, Infanta Sebastian of Portugal and Spain
1808:(in European Spanish). 26 November 2014. Archived from
6181:
Burials at the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula
5711:
Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
5440:
1186:. These depict Isabella as the order's patron saint, "
5239:
María de la Paz, Princess Ludwig Ferdinand of Bavaria
4815:
Maria Teresa, Princess Karl Ludwig of Thurn und Taxis
4177:
Infanta Isabel, Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Spain
3140:
544:
Isabella and Catherine were raised under the care of
1870:
469:
Infantas Isabella Clara Eugenia and Catalina Micaela
5808:
Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
3150:Generations are numbered by male-line descent from
1203:Isabella Clara Eugenia is a minor character in the
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5212:María Luisa Carlota, Hereditary Princess of Saxony
5151:María Luisa, Queen of Etruria and Duchess of Lucca
4827:Maria Ana, Princess Karl August of Thurn und Taxis
3822:Margaretha Klementine, Princess of Thurn and Taxis
2656:
2388:
1063:After Albert's death in 1621, Isabella joined the
620:
445:Isabella Clara Eugenia of Austria was born in the
2144:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
579:
514:with her mother's help through her brother, King
421:and the north of modern France with her husband,
6092:
5869:Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria, Duchess of Modena
5706:Princess Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
4762:Maria Teresa, Archduchess Karl Ludwig of Austria
4490:Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal and Asturias
3892:Princess Karoline Marie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1924:"Isabella Clara Eugenia, archduchess of Austria"
1162:, where Albert and Isabella directed Cobergher,
973:The archducal regime ensured the triumph of the
6082:also an archduchess of Austria in her own right
6000:Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
5349:Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria and Hernani
1067:but continued to rule on behalf of her nephew,
852:The threat of diplomatic isolation and General
588:, was assassinated by the fanatical young monk
5690:Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
5177:Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier
5146:María Amalia, Infanta Antonio Pascual of Spain
1174:For a month in 1598 Isabella had lived in the
27:Sovereign of the Netherlands from 1598 to 1621
5911:Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies
5895:Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies
5426:
4922:
4756:Infanta Maria das Neves, Duchess of San Jaime
4139:
3467:Eleanor, Queen of Poland, Duchess of Lorraine
3126:
2357:
758:, the third son of her half-brother in 1633.
754:'s behalf. She was succeeded as Governor by
3944:Elisabeth Marie, Princess of Windisch-Graetz
2180:L'Infante Isabelle, Gouvernante des Pays-Bas
2110:Prieto, Elisabeth García (1 December 2014).
5954:Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies
5784:Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
5321:Isabel Alfonsa, Countess Jan Kanty Zamoyski
5311:Infanta Beatriz, Princess of Citivella-Cesi
5289:María Teresa, Princess Ferdinand of Bavaria
4850:Infanta Maria Francisca, Duchess of Coimbra
4768:Maria José, Duchess Karl Theodor in Bavaria
4695:Infanta Maria Francisca, Countess of Molina
963:Portrait of Isabella Clara Eugenia As a Nun
5864:Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
5858:Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
5802:Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia
5433:
5419:
4929:
4915:
4710:Infanta Ana de Jesus, Marchioness of Loulé
4669:Mariana Victoria, Infanta Gabriel of Spain
4146:
4132:
3801:Maria Luisa, Princess of Isenburg-Büdingen
3133:
3119:
2371:
2364:
2350:
2013:
2011:
1019:
235:Independent Sovereignty of the Netherlands
149:
5099:María Antonia Fernanda, Queen of Sardinia
4821:Isabel Maria, Princess of Thurn und Taxis
4350:Infanta Beatriz, Countess of Alburquerque
4308:Infanta Maria, Lady of Meneses and Orduña
3973:Margarita, Marchioness Taliani di Marchio
3379:Maria Maddalena, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
3349:Maria Christina, Princess of Transylvania
2062:Rubens and Brueghel: A Working Friendship
1889:10.7228/manchester/9780719086069.003.0013
521:A year later, Isabella's younger sister,
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
5684:Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria
5194:Infanta Josefa Fernanda, Mrs. José Guëll
5182:Isabel Fernanda, Countess Ignaz Gurowski
5094:María Teresa Rafaela, Dauphine of France
4984:Isabel Clara Eugenia, Duchess of Brabant
4774:Infanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimarães
4685:Infanta Maria Teresa, Countess of Molina
4153:
3859:Margarete Sophie, Duchess of Württemberg
3731:Maria Theresa, Queen of the Two Sicilies
3709:Marie Caroline, Crown Princess of Saxony
2170:Albert & Isabella, 1598–1621: Essays
1875:. In Susan Doran; Paulina Kewes (eds.).
1127:
1058:
1035:
957:
872:
792:
726:
652:
566:
463:
5761:Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa
5646:Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria
5316:Infanta María Cristina, Countess Marone
5249:Infanta María Isabel, Countess of Paris
5156:María Isabel, Queen of the Two Sicilies
5125:Isabella, Archduchess Joseph of Austria
4585:Catarina, Queen of England and Scotland
2073:
2008:
1965:
1946:
1944:
1083:in 1632. She died in Brussels in 1633.
741:
303:Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula
18:Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain
14:
6093:
6078:also a princess of Tuscany by marriage
5188:Infanta Luisa Teresa, Duchess of Sessa
4780:Maria Ana, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
4163:The generations indicate descent form
3789:Princess Auguste Ferdinande of Bavaria
3751:Marie Henriette, Queen of the Belgians
3671:Maria Leopoldine, Electress of Bavaria
2168:Werner Thomas and Luc Duerloo (eds.),
2109:
1629:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1387:
1277:
1273:
633:as she was a legitimate descendant of
6166:Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
6074:*also an infanta of Spain by marriage
5814:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg
5796:Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
5414:
5267:Maria de las Mercedes, Queen of Spain
4936:
4910:
4833:Infanta Maria Adelaide, Mrs. van Uden
4500:Infanta Catarina, Duchess of Braganza
4345:Infanta Maria, Marchioness of Tortosa
4185:Infanta Catarina, Duchess of Braganza
4127:
4101:also an infanta of Spain and Portugal
3997:Hedwig, Countess of Stolberg-Stolberg
3898:Princess Maria Christina of Salm-Salm
3653:Maria Clementina, Duchess of Calabria
3477:Claudia Felicitas, Holy Roman Empress
3205:Isabella, Queen of Denmark and Norway
3199:Eleanor, Queen of Portugal and France
3114:
2993:
2655:
2387:
2345:
1955:. s11-VI (149): 351. 2 November 1912.
1705:
1695:
1691:
1679:
1673:
1663:
1647:
1637:
1633:
1617:
1611:
1601:
1585:
1575:
1571:
1559:
1553:
1543:
1527:
1517:
1513:
1489:
1479:
1463:
1453:
1449:
1437:
1431:
1421:
1405:
1395:
1391:
1375:
1369:
1359:
1343:
1333:
1329:
1317:
1311:
1301:
1285:
1281:
1197:
1150:in Brussels, their summer retreat in
1000:
786:style popularized in the wake of the
756:Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria
648:
332:
136:Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria
5966:Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria
5922:Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria
5662:Countess Palatine Hedwig of Sulzbach
5244:Infanta Eulalia, Duchess of Galliera
5229:Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti
5206:Amalia, Princess Adalbert of Bavaria
5041:Margarita Teresa, Holy Roman Empress
4732:Infanta Januária, Countess of Aquila
4516:Isabel Clara, Archduchess of Austria
4303:Constança, Queen of Castile and León
4060:Maria-Anna, Princess Piotr Galitzine
3991:Elisabeth, Countess of Waldburg-Zeil
3903:Princess Maria Anna of Bourbon Parma
3456:Margarita Teresa, Holy Roman Empress
3434:Maria Leopoldine, Holy Roman Empress
3256:Maria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
1941:
1860:. s11-VI (145): 272. 5 October 1912.
1091:
1086:
826:could be said to run through there.
336:
218:Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
6206:People from the Spanish Netherlands
6063:Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg
5790:Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily
5557:Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal
5141:Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal
5089:Mariana Victoria, Queen of Portugal
4874:also an imperial princess of Brazil
4803:Maria Ana, Princess Georg of Saxony
4495:Maria, Hereditary Princess of Parma
4282:Infanta Branca, Lady of Las Huelgas
4245:Infanta Branca, Lady of Guadalajara
4065:Sophie, Princess of Windisch-Graetz
4034:Princess Elisabeth of Liechtenstein
3869:Princess Elisabeth of Liechtenstein
3795:Maria Isabella, Countess of Trapani
3767:Maria Beatrix, Countess of Montizón
3761:Maria Theresa, Countess of Chambord
3699:Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil
3694:Marie Louise, Empress of the French
3583:Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen
3493:Maria Antonia, Electress of Bavaria
3211:Maria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia
2324:Governor of the Spanish Netherlands
1263:Ancestors of Isabella Clara Eugenia
1210:. She is most notable in the novel
1169:
732:Archdukes Albert and Isabella Clara
170:
24:
6191:Spanish people of Austrian descent
5442:Austrian archduchesses by marriage
4989:Catalina Micaela, Duchess of Savoy
4946:Generations indicate descent from
4522:Catalina Micaela, Duchess of Savoy
4366:Beatriz, Queen of Castile and León
3817:Maria Dorothea, Duchess of Orléans
3677:Maria Ludovika, Empress of Austria
3313:Catalina Micaela, Duchess of Savoy
2019:"Albert VII | Archduke of Austria"
1650:Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino
1101:(their court painter since 1609),
985:reservations about the order, the
25:
6227:
6016:Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen
5928:Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria
5900:Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
5749:Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria
5678:Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain
4809:Antónia, Princess of Hohenzollern
4422:Infanta Beatriz, Duchess of Viseu
4417:Isabel, Queen of Castile and León
4029:Charlotte, Duchess of Mecklenburg
3928:Mechthildis, Princess Czartoryski
3429:Isabella Clara, Duchess of Mantua
3152:Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
3142:Austrian archduchesses by descent
2186:
761:
5949:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
5826:Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy
5778:Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg
4744:Francisca, Princess of Joinville
4397:Joana, Queen of Castile and León
4324:Maria, Queen of Castile and León
4235:Infanta Sancha, Lady of Alenquer
4003:Margaret, Princess of Monteleone
3725:Maria Theresa, Queen of Sardinia
3665:Maria Theresa, Queen of Sardinia
3539:Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress
3419:Maria Anna, Electress of Bavaria
3291:Joanna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
3040:
2738:
2480:
1041:Albert and Isabella Visiting an
625:Following the 1587 execution of
392:
34:
5120:María Luisa, Holy Roman Empress
4786:Maria Antónia, Duchess of Parma
4601:Isabel Luísa, Princess of Beira
4474:Infanta Maria, Duchess of Viseu
3880:Luise, Crown Princess of Saxony
3827:Maria Theresa, Queen of Bavaria
3812:Maria Christina, Queen of Spain
3704:Clementina, Princess of Salerno
3641:Maria Theresia, Queen of Saxony
3613:Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples
3549:Princess Maria Anna of Lorraine
3424:Cecilia Renata, Queen of Poland
2155:
2103:
2067:
2054:
2036:
1995:
1708:Madeleine de la Tour d'Auvergne
1176:Convent of Las Descalzas Reales
701:Albert VII, Archduke of Austria
621:Candidate to the English throne
328:
316:Albert VII, Archduke of Austria
45:needs additional citations for
6186:Children of Philip II of Spain
6131:17th-century House of Habsburg
6126:16th-century House of Habsburg
5994:Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm
5402:*title granted by Royal Decree
5365:Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo
3949:Helena, Duchess of Württemberg
3619:Maria Antonia, Queen of France
3595:Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma
3534:Maria Josepha, Queen of Poland
3450:Maria Theresa, Queen of France
3407:Maria Anna, Holy Roman Empress
2126:(inactive 12 September 2024).
1959:
1951:"omitted from original cite".
1916:
1905:
1864:
1856:"omitted from original cite".
1849:
1824:
1794:
1763:
1125:, sculpture and architecture.
580:Candidate to the French throne
498:. Her godfather was her uncle
423:Archduke Albert VII of Austria
227:13 July 1621 – 1 December 1633
13:
1:
5944:Princess Stéphanie of Belgium
5890:Princess Margaretha of Saxony
5885:Princess Charlotte of Belgium
5853:Princess Hildegard of Bavaria
5847:Princess Maria Anna of Saxony
5608:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
5580:Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
5036:María Teresa, Queen of France
5015:María Ana, Holy Roman Empress
4574:María Teresa, Queen of France
4551:María Ana, Holy Roman Empress
4008:Ilona, Duchess of Mecklenburg
3503:Maria Anna, Queen of Portugal
3167:Kunigunde, Duchess of Bavaria
2259:Countess Palatine of Burgundy
1871:Thomas M. McCoog, SJ (2014).
1788:
1314:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
681:Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
674:
435:
6021:Princess Margherita of Savoy
5755:Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain
5634:Princess Elisabeth of France
5536:Infanta Isabella of Portugal
5386:Leonor, Princess of Asturias
4968:Joanna, Princess of Portugal
4690:Maria Isabel, Queen of Spain
4653:Benedita, Princess of Brazil
4438:Joanna, Princess of Portugal
4250:Berengária, Queen of Denmark
4209:Teresa, Countess of Flanders
4167:, and continues through the
3955:Rosa, Duchess of Württemberg
3913:Princess Isabella of Bavaria
3240:Joanna, Princess of Portugal
3217:Catherine, Queen of Portugal
2118:(in Spanish) (40): 327–349.
1154:, or their hunting lodge in
950:based on the Italian model.
440:
166:Sovereign of the Netherlands
7:
6116:17th-century Spanish people
6111:16th-century Spanish people
6053:Duchess Eilika of Oldenburg
5820:Princess Elisabeth of Savoy
5596:Archduchess Anna of Austria
5541:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
5468:Mechthild of the Palatinate
4890:Also a princess of Braganza
4448:Isabel, Duchess of Braganza
4407:Beatriz, Lady of Ravenstein
4371:Isabel, Duchess of Burgundy
3756:Adelaide, Queen of Sardinia
3281:Barbara, Duchess of Ferrara
2290:(6 May 1598 – 13 July 1621)
2005:. Manchester, 2020. p. 141.
1881:Manchester University Press
1588:Claude, Duchess of Brittany
1254:
1115:Pieter Brueghel the Younger
953:
694:
10:
6232:
6121:16th-century Spanish women
6058:Princess Astrid of Belgium
5988:Princess Ileana of Romania
5960:Princess Blanca of Bourbon
5842:Princess Sophie of Bavaria
5743:Princess Isabella of Parma
5640:Infanta Maria Ana of Spain
4387:Leonor, Holy Roman Empress
4107:also a princess of Tuscany
4055:Walburga, Countess Douglas
3923:Renata, Princess Radziwill
3849:Princess Gisela of Bavaria
3462:Maria Anna, Queen of Spain
3374:Constance, Queen of Poland
3324:Elisabeth, Queen of France
3271:Eleanor, Duchess of Mantua
3266:Catherine, Queen of Poland
3246:Elisabeth, Queen of Poland
3183:Margaret, Duchess of Savoy
2944:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
2334:Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand
2317:Archduke Albert of Austria
2165:(Madrid and London, 2011).
1836:www.royalcollection.org.uk
1777:with the titular title of
1623:
1507:
1381:
1275:
868:
641:) and her father had been
584:After her maternal uncle,
485:Carlos, Prince of Asturias
133:
6176:17th-century Spanish nuns
6136:17th-century women rulers
6071:
6040:
6026:Princess Yolande of Ligne
6008:
5975:
5936:
5917:Princess Isabella of Croÿ
5877:
5834:
5770:
5735:
5719:
5698:
5670:
5626:
5588:
5549:
5528:
5512:
5499:Anne, Duchess of Brittany
5494:Mary, Duchess of Burgundy
5486:
5455:
5448:
5399:
5378:
5357:
5336:
5303:
5276:
5221:
5164:
5133:
5107:
5081:
5065:
5049:
5028:
4997:
4976:
4963:María, Holy Roman Empress
4955:
4944:
4863:
4842:
4795:
4718:
4705:Infanta Maria da Assunção
4677:
4661:
4630:
4614:
4593:
4566:
4531:
4508:
4482:
4469:Beatriz, Duchess of Savoy
4456:
4443:Leonor, Queen of Portugal
4430:
4402:Isabel, Queen of Portugal
4379:
4358:
4337:
4316:
4295:
4274:
4258:
4240:Mafalda, Queen of Castile
4222:
4196:
4192:
4161:
4113:also a princess of Modena
4089:
4073:
4042:
4016:
3936:
3836:
3776:
3686:
3628:
3557:
3526:
3485:
3442:
3387:
3299:
3234:Maria, Holy Roman Empress
3226:
3191:
3175:
3159:
3148:
3049:
3038:
3007:
3003:
2996:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
2989:
2942:
2911:
2888:
2865:
2795:
2747:
2736:
2669:
2665:
2651:
2580:
2535:
2512:
2489:
2478:
2403:Elder House of Luxembourg
2401:
2397:
2383:
2330:
2321:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2281:6 May 1598 – 13 July 1621
2220:
2193:
1693:
1685:
1657:
1635:
1631:
1595:
1573:
1565:
1537:
1515:
1511:
1473:
1451:
1443:
1415:
1393:
1389:
1353:
1331:
1323:
1295:
1279:
1239:Elizabeth: The Golden Age
1213:1634: The Bavarian Crisis
1065:Third Order of St Francis
806:, Vienna, Paris, London,
665:Frans Pourbus the Younger
631:succession to Elizabeth I
388:
378:
368:
358:
346:
309:
297:
273:
253:
249:
239:
231:
223:
216:
206:
196:
186:
182:6 May 1598 – 13 July 1621
178:
164:
148:
143:
6216:Female governors-general
5520:Joanna, Queen of Castile
4606:Infanta Francisca Josefa
4580:Joana, Princess of Beira
4266:Leonor, Queen of Denmark
4095:also an infanta of Spain
3369:Margaret, Queen of Spain
3339:Anna, Holy Roman Empress
3251:Anna, Duchess of Bavaria
3051:House of Nassau-Weilburg
2749:House of Valois-Burgundy
2233:
2225:
2161:Cordula Van Wyhe (ed.),
1779:Duke/Duchess of Burgundy
1756:
1123:Flemish Baroque painting
539:
508:Saint Dionysius of Paris
134:Not to be confused with
69:"Isabella Clara Eugenia"
5905:Princess Anna of Saxony
5234:Infanta María del Pilar
4622:Bárbara, Queen of Spain
4329:Leonor, Queen of Aragon
2195:Isabella Clara Eugenia
2023:Encyclopedia Britannica
1928:Encyclopedia Britannica
1020:Relationship with Spain
477:Jooris van der Straeten
413:, was sovereign of the
5983:Princess Zita of Parma
5602:Isabella Clara Eugenia
5569:Infanta Maria of Spain
5261:Infanta María Cristina
4464:Isabel, Queen of Spain
3979:Princess Maria Antonia
3009:House of Orange-Nassau
2831:Isabella Clara Eugenia
2124:10.30827/cn.v0i40.2562
2048:The Walters Art Museum
1492:Isabella Clara Eugenia
1143:
1117:, the De Nole family,
1107:Jan Brueghel the Elder
1055:
1052:Hieronymus Francken II
1048:Jan Brueghel the Elder
970:
878:
798:
772:Elizabeth I of England
738:
705:cognatic primogeniture
691:and frequent illness.
668:
576:
480:
417:, which comprised the
411:Clara Isabella Eugenia
406:
403:Isabella Clara Eugenia
144:Isabella Clara Eugenia
4230:Teresa, Queen of León
4204:Urraca, Queen of León
3395:Anna, Queen of France
3344:Anna, Queen of Poland
2514:House of Hohenstaufen
1131:
1059:Final years and death
1039:
1014:Eternal Edict of 1611
961:
876:
796:
730:
656:
570:
473:Alonso Sánchez Coello
467:
5575:Anna Juliana Gonzaga
5255:Infanta Maria Amelia
5115:Infanta María Josefa
5005:Ana, Queen of France
4750:Infanta Maria Amélia
4700:Infanta Isabel Maria
4539:Ana, Queen of France
4155:Infantas of Portugal
3359:Gregoria Maximiliana
3329:Margaret (1567–1633)
3319:Anna, Queen of Spain
2890:House of Wittelsbach
1883:. pp. 257–275.
1676:Catherine de' Medici
1434:Isabella of Portugal
1408:Manuel I of Portugal
1141:Jan Baptist van Heil
995:Discalced Carmelites
975:Catholic Reformation
899:Southern Netherlands
831:James VI of Scotland
742:Habsburg Netherlands
713:Archbishop of Toledo
627:Mary, Queen of Scots
615:Henry III of Navarre
557:Sofonisba Anguissola
546:Margarita de Cardona
516:Charles IX of France
457:and his third wife,
407:Isabel Clara Eugenia
335:; died
244:Ferdinand of Austria
157:Sofonisba Anguissola
54:improve this article
6156:Austrian princesses
6151:Portuguese infantas
6141:People from Segovia
6031:Laetitia d'Arenberg
5504:Bianca Maria Sforza
5478:Catherine of Saxony
5473:Eleanor of Scotland
5463:Eleanor of Portugal
3746:Elisabeth Franziska
3364:Eleanor (1582–1620)
2390:County of Luxemburg
2304:Government offices
2254:Margravine of Namur
2176:Marie de Villermont
1614:Elisabeth of Valois
1530:Francis I of France
1346:Joanna I of Castile
1288:Philip I of Castile
1103:Wenceslas Cobergher
858:Twelve Years' Truce
788:Counter-Reformation
748:Spanish Netherlands
586:Henry III of France
459:Elisabeth of Valois
415:Spanish Netherlands
373:Elisabeth of Valois
6211:Daughters of kings
6201:Aragonese infantas
6196:Castilian infantas
5618:Claudia de' Medici
2658:Duchy of Luxemburg
2313:Title last held by
2297:Philip IV of Spain
2264:Countess of Artois
2236:Duchess of Brabant
2229:Philip II of Spain
1769:Monarchs from the
1556:Henry II of France
1372:Philip II of Spain
1244:Philip II of Spain
1198:In popular culture
1144:
1056:
1001:Legislative system
971:
920:to the Scheldt in
879:
799:
739:
711:As Albert was the
669:
649:Marriage proposals
606:Parlement of Paris
577:
481:
455:Philip II of Spain
363:Philip II of Spain
6088:
6087:
5563:Mary I of England
5408:
5407:
5020:Infanta Margarita
4938:Infantas of Spain
4904:
4903:
4898:title of pretense
4859:
4858:
4643:Infanta Maria Ana
4557:Infanta Margarita
4181:House of Braganza
4173:House of Habsburg
4121:
4120:
3334:Maria (1584–1649)
3108:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2974:
2966:
2958:
2935:
2927:
2913:House of Habsburg
2904:
2881:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2797:House of Habsburg
2788:
2779:
2771:
2763:
2731:
2723:
2712:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2573:
2565:
2554:
2528:
2505:
2473:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2441:
2433:
2425:
2417:
2340:
2339:
2331:Succeeded by
2294:Succeeded by
2200:House of Habsburg
2172:(Turnhout, 1998).
2089:10.1093/ml/gcl154
2077:Music and Letters
1981:10.1093/ml/gcl154
1969:Music and Letters
1953:Notes and Queries
1912:Royal Collection.
1858:Notes and Queries
1771:House of Habsburg
1753:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1236:In the 2007 film
1221:alternate history
1205:alternate history
1164:Theodoor van Loon
1099:Peter Paul Rubens
1092:Court of Brussels
1087:Patronage of arts
1030:House of Habsburg
829:The accession of
717:Pope Clement VIII
658:Isabella and Her
645:King of England.
447:Palace of Valsain
400:
399:
383:Roman Catholicism
292:Holy Roman Empire
260:Palace of Valsain
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
6223:
6146:Spanish infantas
5652:Eleonora Gonzaga
5613:Eleonora Gonzaga
5435:
5428:
5421:
5412:
5411:
5370:Infanta Cristina
4931:
4924:
4917:
4908:
4907:
4895:
4887:
4879:
4871:
4392:Infanta Catarina
4194:
4193:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4125:
4124:
3967:Maria Inmaculata
3874:Maria Antonietta
3864:Maria Annunciata
3354:Catherine Renata
3135:
3128:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3044:
3005:
3004:
2991:
2990:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2933:
2925:
2902:
2879:
2867:House of Bourbon
2856:
2848:
2840:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2786:
2777:
2769:
2761:
2742:
2729:
2718:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2683:
2671:House of Limburg
2667:
2666:
2653:
2652:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2582:House of Limburg
2571:
2560:
2549:
2526:
2503:
2484:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2399:
2398:
2385:
2384:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2343:
2342:
2226:Preceded by
2216:
2209:
2191:
2190:
2150:
2149:
2143:
2135:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2071:
2065:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2015:
2006:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1948:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1920:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1798:
1782:
1767:
1269:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1231:Harry Turtledove
1170:Descalzas reales
1073:Capture of Breda
924:and joining the
854:Ambrogio Spínola
839:Treaty of London
768:United Provinces
596:, which forbade
559:, who served as
396:
340:
338:
334:
330:
288:Duchy of Brabant
280:
268:Crown of Castile
153:
141:
140:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6091:
6090:
6089:
6084:
6067:
6041:18th generation
6036:
6009:17th generation
6004:
5976:16th generation
5971:
5937:15th generation
5932:
5878:14th generation
5873:
5835:13th generation
5830:
5771:12th generation
5766:
5736:11th generation
5731:
5720:10th generation
5715:
5694:
5666:
5657:Anna de' Medici
5622:
5584:
5545:
5524:
5508:
5482:
5451:
5444:
5439:
5409:
5404:
5395:
5379:16th generation
5374:
5358:15th generation
5353:
5337:14th generation
5332:
5304:13th generation
5299:
5277:12th generation
5272:
5222:11th generation
5217:
5172:Queen Isabel II
5165:10th generation
5160:
5129:
5103:
5077:
5061:
5045:
5024:
4993:
4972:
4951:
4940:
4935:
4905:
4900:
4893:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4855:
4843:24th generation
4838:
4796:22nd generation
4791:
4719:21st generation
4714:
4678:20th generation
4673:
4662:19th generation
4657:
4631:18th generation
4626:
4615:17th generation
4610:
4594:16th generation
4589:
4567:15th generation
4562:
4532:14th generation
4527:
4509:13th generation
4504:
4483:12th generation
4478:
4457:11th generation
4452:
4431:10th generation
4426:
4375:
4354:
4333:
4312:
4291:
4270:
4254:
4218:
4214:Infanta Mafalda
4188:
4157:
4152:
4122:
4117:
4085:
4074:18th generation
4069:
4043:17th generation
4038:
4017:16th generation
4012:
3937:15th generation
3932:
3837:14th generation
3832:
3777:13th generation
3772:
3687:12th generation
3682:
3629:11th generation
3624:
3589:Maria Elisabeth
3565:Maria Elisabeth
3558:10th generation
3553:
3522:
3518:Maria Magdalena
3498:Maria Elisabeth
3481:
3438:
3383:
3295:
3222:
3187:
3171:
3155:
3144:
3139:
3109:
3096:
3053:
3045:
3036:
3011:
2999:
2977:
2946:
2938:
2915:
2907:
2892:
2884:
2869:
2861:
2799:
2791:
2751:
2743:
2734:
2673:
2661:
2639:
2584:
2576:
2539:
2531:
2516:
2508:
2493:
2485:
2476:
2405:
2393:
2379:
2370:
2336:
2327:
2314:
2299:
2282:
2280:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2239:
2231:
2215:1 December 1633
2210:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2158:
2153:
2137:
2136:
2108:
2104:
2072:
2068:
2064:, 2006, pp. 4-5
2059:
2055:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2000:
1996:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1869:
1865:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1840:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1812:on 18 July 2018
1800:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1466:Maria of Aragon
1257:
1226:Ruled Britannia
1200:
1188:Clare of Assisi
1172:
1137:Daniel van Heil
1111:Jacob Franquart
1094:
1089:
1061:
1022:
1003:
956:
871:
847:Anne of Denmark
764:
744:
697:
677:
651:
623:
590:Jacques Clément
582:
542:
530:Anna of Austria
500:John of Austria
443:
438:
342:
326:
322:
319:
318:
305:
282:
278:
277:1 December 1633
258:
174:
160:
139:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6229:
6219:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6086:
6085:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6044:
6042:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6034:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6012:
6010:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6002:
5997:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5977:
5973:
5972:
5970:
5969:
5963:
5957:
5951:
5946:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5919:
5914:
5908:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5881:
5879:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5855:
5850:
5844:
5838:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5823:
5817:
5811:
5805:
5799:
5793:
5787:
5781:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5723:
5721:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5702:
5700:
5699:9th generation
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5687:
5681:
5674:
5672:
5671:8th generation
5668:
5667:
5665:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5643:
5637:
5630:
5628:
5627:7th generation
5624:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5599:
5592:
5590:
5589:6th generation
5586:
5585:
5583:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5566:
5560:
5553:
5551:
5550:5th generation
5547:
5546:
5544:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5529:4th generation
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5513:3rd generation
5510:
5509:
5507:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5490:
5488:
5487:2nd generation
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5459:
5457:
5456:1st generation
5453:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5438:
5437:
5430:
5423:
5415:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5388:
5382:
5380:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5361:
5359:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5324:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5291:
5286:
5280:
5278:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5264:
5258:
5252:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5137:
5135:
5134:9th generation
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5111:
5109:
5108:8th generation
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5082:7th generation
5079:
5078:
5076:
5075:
5069:
5067:
5066:6th generation
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5053:
5051:
5050:5th generation
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5032:
5030:
5029:4th generation
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5001:
4999:
4998:3rd generation
4995:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4980:
4978:
4977:2nd generation
4974:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4959:
4957:
4956:1st generation
4953:
4952:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4934:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4911:
4902:
4901:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4853:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4830:
4824:
4818:
4812:
4806:
4799:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4783:
4777:
4771:
4765:
4759:
4753:
4747:
4741:
4735:
4729:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4665:
4663:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4650:
4648:Maria Doroteia
4645:
4640:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4597:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4554:
4548:
4542:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4519:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4412:Infanta Filipa
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4383:
4381:
4380:9th generation
4377:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4359:8th generation
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4338:7th generation
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4320:
4318:
4317:6th generation
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4305:
4299:
4297:
4296:5th generation
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4287:Infanta Sancha
4284:
4278:
4276:
4275:4th generation
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4259:3rd generation
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4223:2nd generation
4220:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4197:1st generation
4190:
4189:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4151:
4150:
4143:
4136:
4128:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4097:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3994:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3958:
3952:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3889:
3883:
3877:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3764:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:Maria Caroline
3733:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3674:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3616:
3610:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3577:Maria Carolina
3574:
3568:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3527:9th generation
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3486:8th generation
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3453:
3446:
3444:
3443:7th generation
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3391:
3389:
3388:6th generation
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3303:
3301:
3300:5th generation
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3230:
3228:
3227:4th generation
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3195:
3193:
3192:3rd generation
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3176:2nd generation
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3160:1st generation
3157:
3156:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3138:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3115:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3073:Marie-Adélaïde
3070:
3064:
3057:
3055:
3054:(1890–present)
3047:
3046:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3015:
3013:
3001:
3000:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2967:
2959:
2950:
2948:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2919:
2917:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2896:
2894:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2873:
2871:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2851:
2843:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2803:
2801:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2772:
2764:
2755:
2753:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2724:
2713:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2677:
2675:
2663:
2662:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2605:
2597:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2555:
2543:
2541:
2537:House of Namur
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2520:
2518:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2495:
2491:House of Namur
2487:
2486:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2418:
2409:
2407:
2395:
2394:
2381:
2380:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2320:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2292:
2232:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2221:Regnal titles
2218:
2217:
2208:12 August 1566
2197:
2194:
2188:
2187:External links
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:(Paris, 1912).
2173:
2166:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2102:
2083:(2): 391–395.
2066:
2053:
2035:
2007:
2001:Field, Jemma.
1994:
1975:(2): 391–395.
1958:
1940:
1915:
1904:
1897:
1879:. Manchester:
1863:
1848:
1823:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1248:Spanish Armada
1234:
1217:
1199:
1196:
1171:
1168:
1160:Scherpenheuvel
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1060:
1057:
1021:
1018:
1007:States General
1002:
999:
955:
952:
947:Monti di Pietà
870:
867:
843:Gunpowder Plot
763:
762:Foreign policy
760:
743:
740:
696:
693:
676:
673:
650:
647:
622:
619:
581:
578:
541:
538:
496:Pope Urban VII
442:
439:
437:
434:
430:Dutch Republic
398:
397:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:
370:
366:
365:
360:
356:
355:
350:
344:
343:
324:
320:
314:
313:
311:
307:
306:
301:
299:
295:
294:
281:(aged 67)
275:
271:
270:
257:12 August 1566
255:
251:
250:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
233:
229:
228:
225:
221:
220:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
168:
162:
161:
154:
146:
145:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6228:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6083:
6079:
6075:
6070:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6039:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6007:
6001:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5974:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5935:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5876:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5824:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5800:
5797:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5782:
5779:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5762:
5759:
5756:
5753:
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5697:
5691:
5688:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5638:
5635:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5548:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5527:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5511:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5447:
5443:
5436:
5431:
5429:
5424:
5422:
5417:
5416:
5413:
5403:
5398:
5392:
5391:Infanta Sofía
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5010:Infanta María
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4975:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4943:
4939:
4932:
4927:
4925:
4920:
4918:
4913:
4912:
4909:
4899:
4891:
4883:
4875:
4867:
4862:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4794:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4738:Infanta Paula
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4717:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4629:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4592:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4545:Infanta María
4543:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4530:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4378:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4169:House of Aviz
4166:
4160:
4156:
4149:
4144:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4129:
4126:
4114:
4110:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3886:Maria Theresa
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3854:Marie Valerie
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3835:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3636:Maria Theresa
3634:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3607:Maria Josepha
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3544:Maria Theresa
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3513:Maria Josepha
3511:
3509:
3508:Maria Theresa
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3147:
3143:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3124:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2901:
2900:Maximilian II
2898:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2855:
2852:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2785:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:(1411–1415),
2717:
2714:
2711:
2706:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2689:Wenceslaus II
2687:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2633:
2630:
2625:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2598:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:(1197–1214),
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:(1197–1247),
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2430:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2362:
2360:
2355:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2230:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2202:
2201:
2192:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2147:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2004:
1998:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1947:
1945:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1908:
1900:
1898:9780719086069
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1859:
1852:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1793:
1780:
1776:
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
41:
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4094:
3659:Maria Amalia
3306:
3093:(since 2000)
2998:(since 1815)
2830:
2784:Maximilian I
2720:
2709:
2708:(1411–1443)
2681:Wenceslaus I
2632:Wenceslaus I
2562:
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2156:Bibliography
2140:cite journal
2115:
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2056:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:
2002:
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1931:. Retrieved
1927:
1918:
1907:
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1839:. Retrieved
1835:
1826:
1814:. Retrieved
1810:the original
1805:
1796:
1765:
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1237:
1224:
1219:In the 2002
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1079:in 1629 and
1062:
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903:
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860:, agreed in
851:
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279:(1633-12-01)
155:Portrait by
131:
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110:October 2021
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
6171:Poor Clares
6106:1633 deaths
6101:1566 births
3719:Maria Luisa
3087:(1964–2000)
3081:(1919–1964)
3075:(1912–1919)
3069:(1905–1912)
3063:(1890–1905)
3033:(1849–1890)
3031:William III
3027:(1840–1849)
3021:(1815–1840)
3012:(1815–1890)
2973:(1792–1794)
2965:(1790–1792)
2957:(1780–1790)
2947:(1780–1794)
2934:(1740–1780)
2926:(1713–1740)
2916:(1713–1780)
2903:(1712–1713)
2893:(1712–1713)
2880:(1700–1712)
2870:(1700–1712)
2857:(1665–1700)
2849:(1621–1665)
2841:(1598–1621)
2834:(1598–1621)
2826:(1556–1598)
2818:(1506–1556)
2815:Charles III
2810:(1482–1506)
2800:(1482–1700)
2787:(1477–1482)
2778:(1477–1482)
2770:(1467–1477)
2762:(1443–1467)
2752:(1443–1482)
2730:(1418–1425)
2700:(1388–1411)
2692:(1383–1388)
2684:(1354–1383)
2674:(1354–1443)
2660:(1354–1794)
2635:(1353–1354)
2627:(1346–1353)
2619:(1313–1346)
2611:(1288–1313)
2603:(1281–1288)
2595:(1247–1281)
2585:(1247–1354)
2572:(1214–1226)
2540:(1197–1247)
2527:(1196–1197)
2517:(1196–1197)
2504:(1136–1189)
2494:(1136–1189)
2472:(1131–1136)
2464:(1096–1131)
2456:(1086–1096)
2448:(1059–1086)
2440:(1047–1059)
2432:(1026–1047)
1208:1632 series
1043:Art Gallery
884:impoldering
660:Court Dwarf
643:jure uxoris
504:St. Eugenio
232:Predecessor
187:Predecessor
6161:Countesses
6095:Categories
4179:, and the
3784:Maria Anna
3714:Maria Anna
3647:Maria Anna
3571:Maria Anna
3067:William IV
3025:William II
2854:Charles IV
2823:Philip III
2767:Charles II
2424:(998–1026)
2406:(963–1136)
2392:(963–1354)
2377:Luxembourg
2328:1621–1633
2249:Luxembourg
1806:Arte Rural
1789:References
1773:ruled the
1192:Monstrance
1148:Coudenberg
1081:Maastricht
675:Engagement
436:Early life
405:(Spanish:
207:Co-monarch
80:newspapers
3413:Margarita
3261:Magdalena
3079:Charlotte
3019:William I
2923:Charles V
2846:Philip IV
2807:Philip II
2705:Elisabeth
2624:Charles I
2608:Henry VII
2547:Ermesinde
2469:Conrad II
2461:William I
2453:Henry III
2437:Giselbert
2416:(963–998)
2413:Siegfried
2273:Charolais
2132:2445-1908
2097:0027-4224
1989:0027-4224
1152:Mariemont
1077:Den Bosch
1069:Philip IV
991:Capuchins
938:Rheinberg
888:De Moeren
824:The Hague
816:Innsbruck
667:, c. 1599
594:Salic law
575:(modern).
441:Childhood
389:Signature
240:Successor
201:Philip IV
197:Successor
191:Philip II
4948:Carlos I
4726:Maria II
4183:through
4175:through
4165:Afonso I
4081:Eleonore
4050:Gabriela
4024:Adelheid
3918:Eleonora
3807:Mathilda
3276:Margaret
2877:Philip V
2759:Philip I
2721:and then
2600:Henry VI
2563:and then
2558:Theobald
2501:Henry IV
2445:Conrad I
2429:Henry II
2373:Monarchs
2269:Flanders
1255:Ancestry
1156:Tervuren
954:Religion
932:between
912:linking
895:Industry
722:Valencia
695:Marriage
613:leader,
611:Huguenot
598:cognatic
573:Burgundy
523:Catalina
494:, later
379:Religion
353:Habsburg
284:Brussels
4638:Maria I
3985:Assunta
3961:Dolores
3741:Hermine
3601:Johanna
3061:Adolphe
2970:Francis
2962:Leopold
2931:Mary II
2727:John II
2716:Anthony
2592:Henry V
2569:Waleran
2421:Henry I
2277:Hainaut
2245:Lothier
2241:Limburg
987:Jesuits
928:to the
906:Scheldt
869:Economy
862:Antwerp
835:England
784:baroque
780:Flemish
451:Segovia
341:
325:
321:
264:Segovia
94:scholar
4171:, the
3844:Sophie
3286:Helena
2954:Joseph
2838:Albert
2775:Mary I
2616:John I
2310:Vacant
2286:Albert
2211:
2130:
2095:
2028:5 June
1987:
1933:5 June
1895:
1841:5 June
1816:5 June
1223:novel
1184:Rubens
1180:Madrid
969:, 1625
967:Rubens
918:Bruges
914:Ostend
910:canals
822:, and
820:Prague
808:Lisbon
804:Madrid
639:Tudors
534:Philip
512:Toledo
492:nuncio
479:, 1570
369:Mother
359:Father
331:
310:Spouse
298:Burial
211:Albert
171:more..
159:c.1599
96:
89:
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75:
67:
3401:María
3091:Henri
2697:Jobst
2284:with
2213:Died:
2206:Born:
1757:Notes
1190:with
934:Venlo
930:Rhine
926:Meuse
922:Ghent
685:Maria
553:Dutch
540:Youth
471:, by
348:House
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179:Reign
101:JSTOR
87:books
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2275:and
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2128:ISSN
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2030:2018
1985:ISSN
1935:2018
1893:ISBN
1843:2018
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