17:
90:
1739:
1763:
98:
56:
Fold and thrust belts are formed of a series of sub-parallel thrust sheets, separated by major thrust faults. As the total shortening increases in a fold and thrust belt, the belt propagates into its foreland. New thrusts develop at the front of the belt, folding the older thrusts that have become
57:
inactive. This sequential propagation of thrusts into the foreland is the most common. Thrusts that form within the belt rather than at the thrust front are known as "out-of-sequence".
888:
660:
815:
65:
In map view, fold and thrust belts are generally sinuous rather than completely linear. Where the thrust front bulges out in the direction of tectonic transport, a
1017:
Nemcok, M., Schamel, S. & Gayer, R. 2005. Thrustbelts - Structural
Architecture, Thermal Regimes and Petroleum Systems. Cambridge University Press
739:
477:
109:
is repeated, with one example in the foreground (that pinches out with distance) and another to the upper right corner and top of the picture.
1076:
93:
Profile through the
Pyrenees. In the south a fold and thrust belt exists as sediments are folded and stacked (thrust) on top of the other.
1804:
1049:
1002:
958:"Structural styles and regional tectonic setting of the "Gela Nappe" and frontal part of the Maghrebian thrust belt in Sicily"
1022:
1319:
1033:
899:
1069:
48:, commonly interrelated. They are commonly also known as thrust-and-fold belts, or simply thrust-fold belts.
1828:
920:
1104:
234:
1797:
40:
adjacent to major orogens as deformation propagates outwards. Fold and thrust belts usually comprise both
1742:
1062:
202:
585:
1404:
909:
354:
1833:
1409:
1185:
934:
913:
881:
389:
1673:
1790:
1175:
1109:
775:
455:
1778:
1686:
1490:
1379:
1249:
1229:
1129:
1099:
759:
16:
1663:
1547:
1219:
969:
700:
8:
1696:
1572:
1557:
1534:
1530:
1309:
1234:
1134:
1119:
565:
545:
524:
973:
1645:
1542:
1424:
1329:
1244:
1209:
1139:
1085:
283:
1681:
1615:
1567:
1562:
1442:
1432:
1374:
1149:
1018:
640:
492:
412:
106:
1823:
1485:
1480:
1414:
1389:
1384:
1359:
1299:
1259:
1114:
996:
977:
867:
795:
361:
239:
193:
89:
1724:
1620:
1520:
1495:
1467:
1452:
1354:
1304:
1294:
1289:
1165:
1006:
872:
720:
470:
132:
1774:
1625:
1602:
1587:
1457:
1437:
1349:
1274:
1269:
1224:
1190:
1180:
1124:
819:
174:
143:
41:
37:
1239:
955:
1817:
1515:
729:
686:
630:
612:
422:
384:
29:
956:
Lickorish W.H.; Grasso M.; Butler R.W.H.; Argnani A.; Moniscalco R. (1999).
1510:
1170:
1144:
432:
396:
339:
45:
1691:
1577:
1552:
1505:
1500:
1475:
1364:
1284:
1254:
982:
957:
301:
179:
1719:
1706:
1214:
780:
749:
706:
690:
670:
646:
590:
571:
551:
531:
465:
441:
345:
288:
1324:
1770:
1655:
1635:
1630:
1610:
1592:
1582:
1394:
1339:
1201:
1054:
725:
680:
601:
514:
482:
402:
367:
188:
33:
1714:
1640:
929:
925:
904:
876:
826:
801:
765:
626:
608:
535:
497:
445:
437:
418:
349:
310:
306:
292:
274:
1447:
1399:
1344:
666:
461:
102:
1034:
THE EVOLUTION OF THE ALTIPLANO-PUNA PLATEAU OF THE CENTRAL ANDES
1762:
1314:
1279:
830:
805:
784:
710:
650:
575:
555:
510:
371:
1334:
743:
1369:
269:
97:
28:(FTB) is a series of mountainous foothills adjacent to an
69:
is formed. Between the bulges the areas are known as
20:Modelling of a fold and thrust belt in a sand box
1815:
1798:
1070:
36:. Fold and thrust belts commonly form in the
1805:
1791:
1077:
1063:
841:Much of this table is adapted from Nemcok
981:
868:Magallanes (Fuegian) fold and thrust belt
949:
101:An example of thin-skinned thrusting in
96:
88:
15:
1816:
1084:
1058:
1757:
1320:List of tectonic plate interactions
921:Central Andean fold and thrust belt
32:, which forms due to contractional
13:
1050:Fold and thrust belts publications
14:
1845:
1043:
1761:
1738:
1737:
848:
320:
244:North-south oriented structures
207:Young and active deforming belt
84:
1027:
1011:
990:
1:
942:
889:MalargĂĽe fold and thrust belt
622:Northern Ellesmere Fold Belt
1777:. You can help Knowledge by
900:Marañón fold and thrust belt
215:
7:
203:Zagros fold and thrust belt
60:
51:
10:
1850:
1756:
586:Maria Fold and Thrust Belt
1733:
1705:
1672:
1654:
1601:
1529:
1466:
1423:
1405:Thick-skinned deformation
1199:
1158:
1092:
661:Oregon Accretionary Prism
250:
113:
1410:Thin-skinned deformation
1186:Stereographic projection
998:Selwyn Basin Metallogeny
284:Scandinavian Caledonides
1176:Orthographic projection
1159:Measurement conventions
1105:Lamé's stress ellipsoid
1000:Yukon Geological Survey
816:Wyoming-Utah Thrustbelt
776:Sierra Madre Occidental
456:California Coast Ranges
155:
235:Eastern Lachlan Orogen
110:
94:
21:
1687:Paleostress inversion
1380:Strike-slip tectonics
1250:Extensional tectonics
1230:Continental collision
1100:Deformation mechanism
760:Sierra Madre Oriental
695:Thick- and thin-skin
100:
92:
19:
1829:Geological processes
1265:Fold and thrust belt
983:10.1029/1999TC900013
701:Richardson Mountains
26:fold and thrust belt
1697:Section restoration
1573:Rock microstructure
1235:Convergent boundary
1135:Strain partitioning
1120:Overburden pressure
1110:Mohr–Coulomb theory
974:1999Tecto..18..655L
566:Mackenzie Mountains
546:Kuskokwim Mountains
1674:Kinematic analysis
1330:Mountain formation
1245:Divergent boundary
1210:Accretionary wedge
1086:Structural geology
1005:2014-03-31 at the
507:Eurekan Fold Belt
381:Antler Thrustbelt
111:
95:
22:
1786:
1785:
1751:
1750:
1682:3D fold evolution
1568:Pressure solution
1563:Oblique foliation
1443:Exfoliation joint
1433:Columnar jointing
1093:Underlying theory
1023:978-0-521-82294-7
940:
939:
862:Structural style
839:
838:
641:Ogilvie Mountains
527:Fold-Thrust Belt
493:Chugach Mountains
413:Arctic Cordillera
334:Structural style
318:
317:
264:Structural style
248:
247:
229:Structural style
213:
212:
169:Structural style
153:
152:
127:Structural style
107:Madison Limestone
1841:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1765:
1758:
1741:
1740:
1486:Detachment fault
1481:Cataclastic rock
1415:Thrust tectonics
1385:Structural basin
1360:Pull-apart basin
1300:Horst and graben
1079:
1072:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1015:
1009:
994:
988:
987:
985:
953:
856:Thrustbelt name
853:
852:
796:Canadian Rockies
740:Selwyn Fold Belt
362:Anadyr Highlands
328:Thrustbelt name
325:
324:
258:Thrustbelt name
255:
254:
240:Middle Paleozoic
223:Thrustbelt name
220:
219:
194:Upper Cretaceous
163:Thrustbelt name
160:
159:
121:Thrustbelt name
118:
117:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1834:Tectonics stubs
1814:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1754:
1752:
1747:
1729:
1701:
1668:
1650:
1621:Detachment fold
1597:
1525:
1521:Transform fault
1496:Fault mechanics
1462:
1419:
1355:Plate tectonics
1305:Intra-arc basin
1195:
1166:Brunton compass
1154:
1088:
1083:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1016:
1012:
1007:Wayback Machine
995:
991:
954:
950:
945:
873:Late Cretaceous
851:
721:Rocky Mountains
471:Transpressional
323:
253:
218:
158:
133:Atlas Mountains
116:
87:
63:
54:
12:
11:
5:
1847:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1766:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1588:Tectonic phase
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1350:Passive margin
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1275:Foreland basin
1272:
1270:Fold mountains
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1225:Back-arc basin
1222:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1191:Strike and dip
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:Rock mechanics
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1044:External links
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1038:
1026:
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989:
968:(4): 655–668.
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538:
528:
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520:
517:
508:
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488:
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478:Chihuahua Belt
474:
473:
468:
458:
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435:
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428:
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415:
409:
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217:
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199:
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191:
185:
184:
182:
177:
175:Aravalli Range
171:
170:
167:
164:
157:
154:
151:
150:
148:
146:
144:Cape Fold Belt
140:
139:
137:
135:
129:
128:
125:
122:
115:
112:
86:
83:
62:
59:
53:
50:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
1846:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1808:
1803:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1773:article is a
1772:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1744:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1698:
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1693:
1690:
1688:
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1680:
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1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1516:Transfer zone
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
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1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
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1398:
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1388:
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1371:
1368:
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1326:
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1301:
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1218:
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1203:
1198:
1192:
1189:
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1179:
1177:
1174:
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1169:
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1164:
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1157:
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1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1115:Mohr's circle
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1075:
1073:
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866:
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861:
858:
855:
854:
849:South America
846:
844:
834:
832:
828:
824:
821:
817:
814:
813:
809:
807:
803:
799:
797:
793:
792:
788:
786:
782:
779:
777:
774:
773:
769:
767:
763:
761:
758:
757:
753:
751:
747:
745:
741:
738:
737:
733:
731:
730:Middle Eocene
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
714:
712:
708:
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702:
699:
698:
694:
692:
691:Early Permian
688:
687:Carboniferous
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682:
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668:
664:
662:
659:
658:
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652:
648:
644:
642:
639:
638:
634:
632:
631:Carboniferous
628:
624:
621:
620:
616:
614:
613:Carboniferous
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430:
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423:Carboniferous
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411:
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406:
404:
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395:
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391:
388:
386:
385:Carboniferous
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359:
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321:North America
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77:or sometimes
76:
72:
68:
58:
49:
47:
46:thrust faults
43:
39:
35:
31:
30:orogenic belt
27:
18:
1779:expanding it
1768:
1753:
1511:Thrust fault
1264:
1200:Large-scale
1171:Inclinometer
1145:Stress field
1029:
1013:
997:
992:
965:
961:
951:
842:
840:
433:Brooks Range
397:Appalachians
340:Alaska Range
105:. The white
85:Thrust belts
78:
74:
70:
66:
64:
55:
25:
23:
1692:Paleostress
1578:Slickenside
1553:Crenulation
1506:Fault trace
1501:Fault scarp
1491:Disturbance
1476:Cataclasite
1365:Rift valley
1285:Half-graben
1255:Fault block
1240:DĂ©collement
734:Thick-skin
595:Thick-skin
302:Carpathians
180:Precambrian
1818:Categories
1720:Pure shear
1707:Shear zone
1664:Competence
1548:Compaction
1425:Fracturing
1220:Autochthon
1215:Allochthon
943:References
910:Thick-skin
835:Thin-skin
810:Thin-skin
781:Cretaceous
750:Cretaceous
715:Thin-skin
707:Cretaceous
675:Thin-skin
671:Quaternary
655:Thin-skin
647:Cretaceous
635:Thin-skin
604:Fold Belt
591:Cretaceous
580:Thin-skin
572:Cretaceous
552:Cretaceous
540:Thin-skin
532:Cretaceous
502:Thin-skin
466:Quaternary
450:Thin-skin
442:Cretaceous
407:Thin-skin
355:Thick-skin
346:Cretaceous
289:Ordovician
79:embayments
75:reentrants
1771:tectonics
1656:Boudinage
1636:Monocline
1631:Homocline
1611:Anticline
1593:Tectonite
1583:Stylolite
1558:Fissility
1535:lineation
1531:Foliation
1395:Syneclise
1340:Obduction
1310:Inversion
1202:tectonics
962:Tectonics
935:Thin skin
914:thin-skin
882:Thin-skin
726:Paleocene
709:- Middle
681:Ouachitas
602:Greenland
574:- Middle
525:Innuitian
515:Oligocene
483:Paleocene
403:Paleozoic
390:Thin-skin
368:Paleocene
216:Australia
189:Himalayas
38:forelands
34:tectonics
1743:Category
1715:Mylonite
1646:Vergence
1641:Syncline
1543:Cleavage
1468:Faulting
1003:Archived
930:Cenozoic
926:Mesozoic
905:Cenozoic
877:Cenozoic
827:Jurassic
802:Jurassic
789:Unknown
770:Unknown
766:Cenozoic
754:Unknown
629:- Early
627:Devonian
617:Unknown
611:- Early
609:Devonian
560:Unknown
536:Cenozoic
534:- Early
519:Unknown
498:Cenozoic
487:Unknown
446:Cenozoic
444:, Early
440:- Early
438:Jurassic
427:Unknown
421:- Early
419:Devonian
376:Unknown
350:Cenozoic
311:Tertiary
307:Mesozoic
293:Devonian
275:Cenozoic
71:recesses
61:Map view
52:Geometry
1824:Orogeny
1616:Chevron
1603:Folding
1448:Fissure
1400:Terrane
1345:Orogeny
1325:MĂ©lange
1260:Fenster
1150:Tension
1036:. 1997.
970:Bibcode
845:, 2005
818:(North
667:Miocene
625:Middle
607:Middle
462:Miocene
417:Middle
103:Montana
67:salient
1390:Suture
1375:Saddle
1315:Klippe
1280:Graben
1140:Stress
1130:Strain
1021:
843:et al.
831:Eocene
820:Sevier
806:Eocene
794:South
785:Eocene
764:Early
711:Eocene
651:Eocene
600:North
576:Eocene
556:Eocene
511:Eocene
372:Eocene
251:Europe
114:Africa
1769:This
1725:Shear
1453:Joint
1335:Nappe
1295:Horst
1290:Horse
825:Late
800:Late
748:Late
744:Yukon
705:Late
685:Late
665:Late
645:Late
570:Late
550:Late
530:Late
460:Late
401:Late
366:Late
344:Late
42:folds
1775:stub
1626:Dome
1533:and
1458:Vein
1438:Dike
1370:Rift
1181:Rake
1019:ISBN
912:and
859:Age
331:Age
270:Alps
261:Age
226:Age
166:Age
156:Asia
124:Age
44:and
978:doi
728:to
1820::
976:.
966:18
964:.
960:.
928:-
875:-
829:-
822:)
804:-
783:-
742:,
689:-
669:-
649:-
554:-
513:-
464:-
370:-
348:-
309:-
291:-
81:.
73:,
24:A
1806:e
1799:t
1792:v
1781:.
1078:e
1071:t
1064:v
986:.
980::
972::
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