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286:. The First Infantry became the infantry component of the 1st Sub-Legion, commanded by Hamtramck, who was promoted to lieutenant colonel commandant. Under Wayne's leadership, the Legion trained extensively before marching north to meet the Native American confederacy that had defeated St. Clair. The Legion was victorious at the
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remained in service. On June 2, 1784, Congress reissued the disbandment order under the principle that "standing armies in time of peace are inconsistent with the principles of republican government, dangerous to the liberties of a free people, and generally converted into destructive engines for
172:. Harmar was commissioned as the regiment's "lieutenant colonel commandant" on August 12, 1784. The regiment was used primarily to man frontier outposts and guard against Native American attacks. Doughty's company became the 2d Continental Artillery Regiment. The regiment's first posting was to
156:
Resolved, That the
Secretary at War take order for forming the said troops when assembled, into one regiment, to consist of eight companies of infantry, and two of artillery, arming and equipping them in a soldier-like manner: and that he be authorised to direct their destination and operations,
262:
While on campaign, the 1st
Infantry under Hamtramck was sent to find an overdue supply train. The supplies were never found, but as the infantry marched to rejoin the main force on November 4, 1791, gunfire was heard. Native Americans under Miami Chief
124:
sought opinions on a permanent armed force. Washington submitted his "Sentiments on a Peace
Establishment," which called for only a small force, only a 2,631 man regiment to guard the western frontier and the borders with Canada and
1167:
239:. As a result, the regiment was designated as the 1st Infantry Regiment with Harmar retained as its commanding officer. It comprised the main force of regulars under St. Clair in the campaign to destroy
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In
October 1796, the Legion of the United States reverted to being named the United States Army, and the 1st Sub-Legion was designated as the 1st Infantry Regiment. In 1803, Captain
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374:. The 3rd Infantry, with its roots in the First Infantry Regiment, dating back to 1784, is recognized as the oldest regular army regiment in the United States Army.
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271:, the worst loss to American Indians by the United States Army in history. Survivors broke through Little Turtle's lines and warned Hamtramck, who fell back to
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753:
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A Century of
Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 - 1875. Journals of the Continental Congress, Volume 27, Pg 433
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to help defend
Vincennes but had become a lawless mob, fled at the approach of the regiment. Harmar left 100 regulars under the command of Major
20:
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89:
228:. In 1790, Harmar – who had been breveted as a brigadier general in 1787 – led 320 regulars and over 1,000 militia on the disastrous
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An act of
Congress on March 3, 1791, reorganized the U.S. Army to have two regiments of infantry under the command of Major General
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883:
878:
761:
137:
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625:
507:
Weigley, Russell F. (1962). "II. George
Washington and Alexander Hamilton: Military Professionalism in Early Republican Style".
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136:
While the bulk of the
Continental Army was disbanded by the end of 1783, Jackson's Continental Regiment, commanded by Colonel
853:
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In
October 1815, the 1st Infantry was consolidated with the 5th, 17th, 19th, and the 28th Infantry regiments to form the
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225:
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establishing despotism." Jackson's regiment was disbanded later that month, and Doughty's battery was retained at
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576:"The Confederation's Regulars: A Social Profile of Enlisted Service in America's First Standing Army"
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180:. Half of the regiment's enlisted and non-commissioned officers were born outside the United States.
561:
898:
287:
248:
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443:
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of Native American nations. For a brief time, the First American Regiment was commanded by Major
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The First American Regiment was renamed the Regiment of Infantry on September 29, 1789, when the
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subject to the order of Congress, and of the Committee of the states in the recess of Congress.
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compiled in the office of the Military Service Institution. Website accessed April 9, 2009.
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This article is about the regiment in the United States. For the regiment in Canada, see
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In response to St. Clair's defeat, the Army was reorganized in 1792 as the
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586:(4). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 770–85.
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to explore newly acquired territories of the United States. During the
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in October 1790. The Regiment of Infantry suffered over 70 casualties.
187:
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to restore order. The Kentucky militia, which had been left behind by
1168:
Military units and formations of the United States in the Indian Wars
591:
315:
240:
575:
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Delegate of Northwest Territory's at-large congressional district
347:
129:. Economic constraints forced the new nation to rely heavily on
88:, it was consolidated with several other regiments to form the
406:
Colonel John F. Hamtramck (February 18, 1793 – April 11, 1803)
400:
Major Eskurius Beatty (September 28, 1792 – November 27, 1792)
255:—a French Canadian immigrant—and his second-in-command, Major
874:
1822 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
643:"Lineage and honors information: 3d Infantry (the Old Guard)"
76:. Organized in August 1784, it served primarily on the early
294:
and was garrisoned by the First Sub-Legion under Hamtramck.
290:
in 1794. The trading post at Kekionga was rebuilt and named
168:, to be the commander of the new regiment, with the rank of
511:. New York City: Columbia University Press. pp. 25–26.
397:
Major Richard Call (September 4, 1792 – September 28, 1792)
202:
to build a new fort and conduct operations deep within the
403:
Major Thomas Doyle (November 27, 1792 – February 18, 1793)
318:
hat to represent its roots in the First American Regiment.
1148:
American military units and formations of the War of 1812
497:
ArmyHistory.org (link below). Accessed October 3, 2008
1093:
1163:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1815
164:, the president of Congress, named his former aide,
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Representative of Ohio's 1st congressional district
152:On June 3, 1784, Congress passed a new resolution:
1158:Military units and formations established in 1784
894:William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign
190:ordered Colonel Harmar to the outpost village of
1129:
670:(Kindle ed.). Bloomsbury Publishing. 356.
326:of the 1st Infantry was appointed by President
694:Anthony Wayne and the Battle of Fallen Timbers
302:, was a junior officer in the 1st Sub-Legion.
140:, and an artillery company under Brevet Major
715:
654:United States Army Center of Military History
1153:Infantry regiments of the United States Army
21:Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment)
975:Equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison
951:List of memorials to William Henry Harrison
350:province) and saw action at the battles of
314:The 3rd Infantry's coat-of-arms features a
904:William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial
729:
722:
708:
372:3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard)
267:had attacked in what came to be known as
1143:1815 establishments in the United States
1138:1784 establishments in the United States
970:Gen. William Henry Harrison Headquarters
884:1840 United States presidential election
879:1836 United States presidential election
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27:
665:
573:
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209:
32:Uniform of the First American Regiment.
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929:Inauguration of William Henry Harrison
666:Winkler, John F. (November 20, 2011).
377:
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618:
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394:(January 1, 1792 – September 4, 1792)
778:Governor of the Territory of Indiana
527:U.S. Army Center of Military History
84:. In 1815, following the end of the
387:(August 12, 1784 – January 1, 1792)
149:guarding artillery and ammunition.
120:. A Congressional committee under
13:
613:
424:
413:(April 11, 1803 – August 18, 1808)
224:was formally instituted under the
16:First U.S. armed forces, 1784–1815
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275:instead of covering the retreat.
226:Constitution of the United States
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912:
420:(August 18, 1808 – May 17, 1815)
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68:infantry unit authorized by the
746:President of the United States
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635:
623:The First Regiment of Infantry
580:The William and Mary Quarterly
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552:
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515:
500:
491:
300:President of the United States
1:
889:1839 Whig National Convention
485:
342:, the 1st Infantry served in
656:. Accessed October 22, 2008.
641:*U.S. Army. (May 22, 1997.)
574:Skelton, William B. (1989).
430:Major General and President
100:After the conclusion of the
95:
7:
834:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)
280:Legion of the United States
116:resigned his commission as
10:
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824:Treaty of St. Louis (1804)
564:, accessed October 3, 2008
336:Lewis and Clark Expedition
298:, later to become the 9th
213:
74:American Revolutionary War
64:) was the first peacetime
46:The United States Regiment
18:
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988:
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754:Minister to Gran Colombia
737:
628:October 11, 2020, at the
523:"The Peace Establishment"
383:Brevet Brigadier General
899:Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
509:Towards an American Army
288:Battle of Fallen Timbers
249:Northwestern Confederacy
112:to disband, and General
58:1st Regiment of Infantry
50:The Regiment of Infantry
1028:Carter Bassett Harrison
809:First American Regiment
444:Thomas Humphrey Cushing
247:village central to the
200:Jean François Hamtramck
38:First American Regiment
869:Treaty of Spring Wells
731:William Henry Harrison
668:Wabash 1791 (Campaign)
648:June 12, 2010, at the
432:William Henry Harrison
319:
296:William Henry Harrison
159:
70:Confederation Congress
33:
1040:Benjamin Harrison III
854:Army of the Northwest
313:
259:—a German immigrant.
154:
90:3rd Infantry Regiment
82:Appalachian Mountains
62:1st Infantry Regiment
31:
1173:Northwest Indian War
1034:Benjamin Harrison IV
1022:Benjamin Harrison VI
864:Battle of the Thames
849:Battle of Tippecanoe
829:Treaty of Grouseland
814:Treaty of Greenville
334:which conducted the
282:under Major General
216:Northwest Indian War
210:Northwest Indian War
178:Beaver, Pennsylvania
1048:(great-grandfather)
1042:(great-grandfather)
1016:Benjamin Harrison V
1004:John Scott Harrison
980:Curse of Tippecanoe
936:(acting First Lady)
934:Jane Irwin Harrison
804:Berkeley Plantation
559:Library of Congress
378:Commanding officers
196:George Rogers Clark
102:American Revolution
1061:← Martin Van Buren
696:at ArmyHistory.org
442:Brigadier General
436:Brigadier General
360:Siege of Fort Erie
332:Corps of Discovery
320:
269:St. Clair's defeat
222:United States Army
170:lieutenant colonel
122:Alexander Hamilton
118:commander-in-chief
34:
1091:
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1010:Benjamin Harrison
762:Senator from Ohio
392:John F. Hamtramck
114:George Washington
78:American frontier
42:Harmar's Regiment
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474:Meriwether Lewis
462:William Whistler
328:Thomas Jefferson
324:Meriwether Lewis
237:Arthur St. Clair
185:Secretary of War
110:Continental Army
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456:Jacob Kingsbury
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425:Notable members
418:Jacob Kingsbury
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330:to command the
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230:Harmar campaign
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127:Spanish Florida
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40:(also known as
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385:Josiah Harmar
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366:Consolidation
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306:Later service
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284:Anthony Wayne
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265:Little Turtle
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257:David Ziegler
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174:Fort McIntosh
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166:Josiah Harmar
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138:Henry Jackson
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944:Public image
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605:December 10,
603:. Retrieved
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531:. Retrieved
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438:Zebulon Pike
369:
356:Lundy's Lane
344:Upper Canada
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204:Ohio Country
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142:John Doughty
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108:ordered the
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80:west of the
66:regular army
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25:
788:(1799–1800)
780:(1801–1812)
772:(1816–1819)
764:(1825–1828)
450:Thomas Hunt
411:Thomas Hunt
340:War of 1812
86:War of 1812
1132:Categories
1012:(grandson)
922:Presidency
859:Fort Meigs
819:Grouseland
486:References
292:Fort Wayne
243:, a large
188:Henry Knox
147:West Point
72:after the
1030:(brother)
1024:(brother)
478:Sergeant
192:Vincennes
183:In 1786,
104:in 1783,
96:Formation
1082:Category
1018:(father)
964:Tecumseh
646:Archived
626:Archived
472:Captain
460:Colonel
454:Colonel
448:Colonel
416:Colonel
409:Colonel
358:and the
352:Chippawa
241:Kekionga
106:Congress
1096:Portals
600:1922782
562:website
348:Ontario
316:tricorn
131:militia
1000:(wife)
990:Family
756:(1829)
748:(1841)
674:
598:
533:May 5,
466:Major
390:Major
1006:(son)
596:JSTOR
529:. 196
245:Miami
797:Life
672:ISBN
607:2021
535:2022
354:and
60:and
36:The
743:9th
588:doi
176:in
133:.
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615:^
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346:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
