1679:
503:, is unique throughout the Caribbean where it is seen as a welcome acknowledgement of the arts, the artist and artistic achievement. Whenever possible, therefore, a distinguished Guyanese is identified and asked to deliver the Mittelholzer Memorial Lecture, which is viewed with distinction and the entire literary community, including scholars and academics, consider it a command appearance."
33:
522:, Keith Jardim argues that, despite his death, "Mittelholzer’s contribution to building Caribbean civilisation in his accomplished works may have just begun", pointing to a growing interest in his work among readers, academics and artists/writers. Scholar Rupert Roopnaraine credits Peepal Tree Press for this revival, writing in a column for
529:
Though many of
Mittelholzer's books have remained out of print and difficult to obtain since the 1980s, Peepal Tree Press has reissued several of his books with new introductions as part of its Caribbean Modern Classics line (beginning in 2007). A number of unpublished short stories, poems and essays
197:
Mittelholzer's novels include characters and situations from a variety of places within the
Caribbean, and range in time from the early period of European settlement to the 20th century. They feature a cross-section of ethnic groups and social classes, dealing with subjects of historical, political,
530:
have also been published for the first time by Peepal Tree. Managing Editor Jeremy
Poynting said of the reissued material, "I hope that our recovery of Edgar Mittelholzer’s earlier Caribbean work will reveal a much more serious and achieved writer than some of the previous criticism has suggested."
193:
novelist. He is the earliest professional novelist from the
English-speaking Caribbean. He was able to develop a readership in Europe and North America, as well as the Caribbean; and established himself in London, where he lived almost exclusively by writing fiction. He is considered "the most
294:. He recalled his service in the TRVNR as "one of the blackest and most unpleasant interludes" in his life. Discharged on medical grounds in August 1942, he married Trinidadian Roma Halfhide in March 1942. He later left Trinidad in 1948, coming to England with his first wife and daughter.
506:
In order to celebrate Edgar
Mittelholzer's 100th birthday in 2009, writer, sculptor and artist Stanley Greaves hosted an event with readings and an art exhibition at the Guyana National Gallery. Greaves' own artwork was included: a series of paintings named after the Mittelholzer novel
472:
A recurring theme in
Mittelholzer's work, no fewer than 15 characters die by suicide in his novels. In his last novel (published posthumously), the main character commits suicide by self-immolation. On 5 May 1965, aged 55, the author set himself alight in a field near
1478:
526:, “While it may be too early to speak of a Mittelholzer revival, there are encouraging signs of a reawakening of not only academic but wider general interest in the work of this prodigious pioneer of the Guyanese and Caribbean novel.”
198:
psychological, and moral interest. Though his work had been out of print since the 1980s, modern readers and writers have noted that his work has experienced a revival and critical reassessment since it began to be reissued in 2007.
433:
Unwilling to hire an agent, Mittelholzer often struggled with money. He wrote quickly, using his advances to support his growing family. As
Mittelholzer's work became (in his own words) increasingly "preachy" and
256:, and at an early age seems to have reacted against his colonial Guyanese environment. He worked at various menial jobs while beginning to write and publish his work locally, his first publication being
992:
275:, in 1941. James Ferguson has described it as "a groundbreaking novel of racial tension and passion set in rural Guyana". Writing on the book, Sandra Lewis Williams compares Mittelholzer to
360:, the first book in his ambitious and popular Kaywana trilogy, and described as Mittelholzer's "supreme achievement" by Guyanese scholar Dr. Frank Birbalsingh. In 1955, he published
493:
two years after
Mittelholzer's death and then took place sporadically. It is currently delivered annually under the auspices of the Department of Culture. In the words of the
415:. During this time, he also travelled to Canada, spent three years in Barbados, and had four more children with Roma Halfhide. He eventually divorced his first wife in 1959.
1202:
Destruction of the
Caribbean Landscape Through Colonization in Edgar Mittelholzer's Corentyne Thunder, Jean Rhys' Wide Sargasso Sea, and Wilson Harris' Palace Of The Peacock
438:, he struggled for a short time to get new work published in England — for which he blamed leftists and "would-rotters". He even attempted to use a pen name without luck.
1550:
1168:
449:, which scholar and publisher Jeremy Poynting argues was the first true Caribbean literary autobiography (when using a strict definition of the genre).
1802:
1352:
1144:
1497:
963:
1725:
1812:
1020:
1832:
1817:
1822:
1787:
1827:
1792:
1709:
1797:
1767:
1249:
1410:
1103:
847:
759:
692:
667:
652:
635:
622:
603:
590:
577:
564:
551:
1837:
330:
349:. Two more novels were published in 1951 and 1952, so Mittelholzer gave up his typist's job to become a full-time writer.
230:), Edgar Mittelholzer was the second son of William Austin Mittelholzer, a commercial clerk; and his wife Rosamond Mabel,
1715:
1443:
1401:
Pointer, Jacqueline (25 April 2024). "The Idyll - And The
Warrior (Recollections of Edgar Mittelholzer)" (Afterword). In
930:
861:
267:
signalled the birth of the novel in Guyana. It was written in 1938 when Mittelholzer was aged 29, living and working at
1772:
812:
419:
271:
in New Amsterdam. The manuscript was sent to England and had a perilous existence until finally it found a publisher,
1377:
1225:
800:
plus mostly unpublished works of the author: 24 short stories, five plays, his collected poetry, and selected essays.
385:
During the 1950s and 60s, Mittelholzer was also among a group of West Indian writers who regularly featured on BBC's
342:
338:
1777:
1576:
334:
1460:
302:
After leaving Trinidad in 1948, Mittelholzer spent the rest of his life in England, except for three years in
1523:
1327:
366:, an important example of the Caribbean Gothic genre and one of his most well regarded works. In 2022, the
1027:, Les Caraïbes: convergences et affinités, Publifarum, no. 10, 15 February 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
1842:
1807:
1702:
1094:
Poynting, Jeremy (25 April 2024). "Edgar Mittelholzer: Rebel and Offshore Englishman" (Introduction). In
500:
1059:
792:, edited by Juanita Cox (2018; Leeds, UK: Peepal Tree Press) - includes previously published novellas
241:
1119:
1782:
868:
Guckian, Patrick, "The Balance of Colour - A reassessment of the work of Edgar Mittelholzer", in
852:
412:
452:
Mittelholzer would go on to have three more books published between 1963 and his death in 1965:
1762:
272:
1017:
1626:
658:
362:
310:
even before he moved to the UK; he was often dismayed when the British saw him differently.
306:. Through his colonial education and middle class upbringing, Mittelholzer saw himself as an
245:
219:
57:
1757:
1752:
1423:
346:
1145:"Commemorating Mittelholzer’s birth centenary, part 8 - The short fiction of Mittelholzer"
8:
435:
353:
253:
100:
32:
1688:
329:
in 1950, which was set in Trinidad and included a diverse cast of characters, including
1302:
237:
430:, London, at the time. In 1962, they had a son (Mittelholzer's fifth child overall).
1652:
1406:
1221:
1099:
843:
755:
688:
663:
648:
631:
618:
599:
586:
573:
560:
547:
367:
1683:
1274:
1200:
1173:
495:
478:
387:
379:
371:
291:
80:
1736:
1601:
1185:
441:
However, in 1962, after Secker & Warburg rejected it, George Putnam published
1697:
1024:
870:
826:
474:
314:
1177:
831:
396:
307:
248:), Mittelholzer was singled out as "swarthy" and called "the Dark One" for his
223:
61:
1602:"In the Eye of the Storm: Edgar Mittelholzer 1909–2009: Critical Perspectives"
426:, Mittelholzer met Jacqueline Pointer; they married in 1960. He was living in
290:
as a recruit in the Trinidad Royal Volunteer Naval Reserve (TRVNR) during the
1746:
1465:
1149:
877:
511:. Guyanese actor Marc Gomes also announced his plan to film an adaptation of
490:
408:
400:
392:
322:
318:
280:
840:
In the Eye of the Storm: Edgar Mittelholzer 1909–2009: Critical Perspectives
375:
244:
middle class family (his forebears were Swiss-German, French, British, and
1653:"Creole Chips and Other Writings: Short Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Essays"
993:"1950s life reflects Trinidad decades later - Trinidad and Tobago Newsday"
341:, and a sympathetic portrayal of a gay man. The novel deals with colonial
931:"CRB • "Writing worth keeping alive" • Conversation with Jeremy Poynting"
882:
889:
Sparer, Joyce L., "Attitudes towards 'Race' in Guyanese Literature", in
810:
Birbalsingh, F. M., "Edgar Mittelholzer; novelist or pornographer?", in
790:
Creole Chips and Other Writings: Short Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Essays
645:
Creole Chips and Other Writings: Short Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Essays
544:
Creole Chips and Other Writings: Short Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Essays
1710:"Edgar Mittelholzer - GCA Symposium to Celebrate the Man and His Works"
427:
423:
404:
283:, and notes both the environmental and colonial concerns in the novel.
249:
1551:""Corentyne Thunder" movie director scouting for locations, investors"
1353:"BBC Arts - BBC Arts - The Big Jubilee Read: Books from 1952 to 1961"
276:
317:
gave him access to many of the UK's top literary figures, including
303:
287:
268:
1250:"Hot off the press: A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana"
754:– autobiography (1963; London: Putnam), Peepal Tree Press, 2024,
202:
363:
My Bones and My Flute: A Ghost Story in the Old-Fashioned Manner
1275:"BBC - History of the BBC, Edgar Mittelholzer with Huw Wheldon"
559:(1941; London: Secker & Warburg), Peepal Tree Press, 2009,
227:
190:
662:(1955; London: Secker & Warburg), Peepal Tree Press, 2015
641:
The Adding Machine: A Fable for Capitalists and Commercialists
232:
880:, "An Introduction to the Novels of Edgar Mittelholzer", in
1726:"Remembering Edgar Mittelholzer: Part II" by Colin Rickards
1479:"Pauline Melville to deliver Mittelholzer Memorial Lecture"
1205:(Thesis). East Carolina University – via ScholarShip.
819:
Cartey, Wilfred, "The rhythm of society and landscape", in
585:(1951; Philadelphia: Lippincott), Peepal Tree Press, 2010,
1716:"Remembering Edgar Mittelholzer: Part 1" by Colin Rickards
855:, "The Spirit in the Bottle - a reading of Mittelholzer's
445:. The following year, Putnam published his autobiography,
1018:"A matter of colour: Edgar Mittelholzer’s A Swarthy Boy"
572:(1950; London: Hogarth Press), Peepal Tree Press, 2010,
370:
edition of the book made it onto the BBC's list for the
352:
From 1952 to 1961, Mittelholzer published 13 books with
1405:. Leeds, UK: Peepal Tree Press Ltd. pp. 155-178.
835:, vol. 10, no. 41 (June/December 1965), pp. 23–6.
1498:"Stanley Greaves hosting reading at National Gallery"
643:(1954; Kingston: Pioneer Press), reissued as part of
489:
The Edgar Mittelholzer Lecture Series was started by
823:, Guyana Independence Issue (1966), pp. 97–104.
194:
prolific novelist to be produced by the Caribbean".
706:(travel) (1958; London: Secker & Warburg, 1965)
1378:"London Calling: the BBC and Caribbean Literature"
1098:. Leeds, UK: Peepal Tree Press Ltd. pp. 5-25.
886:, vol. 8, no. 24 (December 1958), pp. 60–74.
1744:
286:In December 1941, Mittelholzer left Guyana for
1120:"Edgar Austin Mittelholzer: A caribbean voice"
874:, vol. 4, no. 1 (March 1970), pp. 38–45.
865:vol. 14, no. 1 (April 1965), pp. 237–52.
464:(1965). The last was published posthumously.
1403:A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana
1218:A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana
1215:
1172:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1166:James, Louis. "Mittelholzer, Edgar Austin".
1096:A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana
893:, vol. 8, no. 2 (July 1968), pp. 23–63.
752:A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana
542:(1937, self-published), reissued as part of
447:A Swarthy Boy: A Childhood in British Guiana
1483:Guyana Chronicle Online", 12 November 2012.
1444:"2012 Edgar Mittelholzer Memorial Lecture"
499:: "This memorial lecture series, like the
31:
1803:Guyanese emigrants to Trinidad and Tobago
1574:
1247:
1198:
1057:
964:"Remembering Edgar Mittelholzer Part II"
961:
908:
906:
628:Kaywana Stock: The Harrowing of Hubertus
1169:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1161:
1159:
990:
1745:
1328:"Caribbean Gothic | Peepal Tree Press"
687:(1958; London: Secker & Warburg),
630:(1954; London: Secker & Warburg),
598:(1952; London: Secker & Warburg),
236:Leblanc, from Martinique. Born into a
189:(16 December 1909 – 6 May 1965) was a
1548:
1492:
1490:
1421:
1297:
1295:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1216:Mittelholzer, Edgar (25 April 2024).
1053:
914:A Companion to West Indian Literature
903:
842:(2024; Leeds, UK: Peepal Tree Press)
816:, no. 7 (July 1969), pp. 80–103.
1680:Works by or about Edgar Mittelholzer
1220:. Leeds, UK: Peepal Tree Press Ltd.
1156:
1113:
1111:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
986:
984:
962:Rickards, Colin (29 November 2010).
957:
955:
953:
951:
928:
924:
922:
742:(1961; London: Secker & Warburg)
736:(1961; London: Secker & Warburg)
724:(1960; London: Secker & Warburg)
718:(1960; London: Secker & Warburg)
712:(1959; London: Secker & Warburg)
700:(1958; London: Secker & Warburg)
681:(1957; London: Secker & Warburg)
675:(1956; London: Secker & Warburg)
611:(1952; London: Secker & Warburg)
1117:
1058:Ferguson, James (1 November 2009).
862:World Literature Written in English
13:
1813:Guyanese people of British descent
1524:"A life of lights, camera, action"
1487:
1292:
1248:Poynting, Jeremy (25 April 2024).
1234:
1060:"Edgar Mittelholzer: the Dark One"
813:Journal of Commonwealth Literature
783:
297:
163:
137:
14:
1854:
1833:People from New Amsterdam, Guyana
1818:Guyanese people of French descent
1698:"The Ghost of Edgar Mittelholzer"
1673:
1165:
1108:
1077:
1030:
981:
948:
919:
779:(1965; New York: Abelard-Schuman)
617:(1953), Peepal Tree Press, 2010,
313:Mittelholzer's typing job at the
1823:Guyanese people of Swiss descent
1788:British people of French descent
1528:www.guyanatimesinternational.com
141:
1828:Guyanese people of World War II
1793:British people of Swiss descent
1690:Encyclopedia of World Biography
1645:
1619:
1594:
1577:"Sadly, I cannot read them all"
1575:McDonald, Ian (25 April 2010).
1568:
1542:
1516:
1472:
1453:
1437:
1422:James, Lewis (5 January 2012).
1415:
1395:
1370:
1345:
1320:
1267:
1209:
1199:Williams, Sandra Lewis (2010).
1192:
533:
420:Swanwick Writers’ Summer School
159:
133:
1461:"Honouring Edgar Mittelholzer"
1137:
1010:
1:
1798:Guyanese emigrants to England
1768:20th-century Guyanese writers
897:
829:, "A Biographical Sketch" in
325:would publish Mittelholzer's
213:
16:Guyanese novelist (1909–1965)
1424:"Mittelholzer, Edgar Austin"
1186:UK public library membership
1118:Cox, Juanita (28 May 2008).
804:
771:The Aloneness of Mrs Chatham
615:The Life and Death of Sylvia
458:The Aloneness of Mrs Chatham
263:The publication of his book
208:
7:
1838:Suicides by self-immolation
1737:"The Idyll and the Warrior"
1703:Trinidad and Tobago Newsday
916:, Collins, 1979, pp. 89–91.
746:The Wounded and the Worried
647:by Peepal Tree Press, 2018
546:by Peepal Tree Press, 2018
501:Guyana Prize for Literature
443:The Wounded and the Worried
418:In 1959, on a coach to the
10:
1859:
935:caribbeanreviewofbooks.com
773:(1965; London: Library 33)
730:(1961; London: Peter Owen)
710:A Tinkling in the Twilight
477:. He died the next day at
83:, Farnham, Surrey, England
1773:20th-century male writers
1303:"A Morning at the Office"
609:The Weather in Middenshot
484:
368:Caribbean Modern Classics
187:Edgar Austin Mittelholzer
176:
114:
106:
96:
88:
69:
44:Edgar Austin Mittelholzer
39:
30:
23:
1549:knews (8 January 2009).
991:Newsday (8 April 2018).
767:(1963; London: McDonald)
467:
356:. In 1952, he published
1657:www.peepaltreepress.com
1631:www.peepaltreepress.com
1332:www.peepaltreepress.com
1307:www.peepaltreepress.com
1064:Caribbean Beat Magazine
1023:17 January 2009 at the
857:A Morning at the Office
583:Shadows Move Among Them
570:A Morning at the Office
509:Shadows Move Among Them
327:A Morning at the Office
273:Eyre & Spottiswoode
201:Mittelholzer committed
1778:20th-century novelists
1178:10.1093/ref:odnb/69688
748:(1962; London: Putnam)
679:A Tale of Three Places
1692:on Edgar Mittelholzer
659:My Bones and My Flute
391:programme, including
252:. He was educated at
205:in England in 1965.
1627:"Edgar Mittelholzer"
1150:Kaieteur News Online
1016:Francesca Scalinci,
929:Laughlin, Nicholas.
838:Cox, Juanita (ed.),
777:The Jilkington Drama
740:The Piling of Clouds
673:Of Trees and the Sea
462:The Jilkington Drama
354:Secker & Warburg
1469:, 25 November 2012.
1450:, 30 November 2012.
827:Collymore, Frank A.
821:New World Quarterly
798:The Adding Machine,
728:The Mad MacMullochs
596:Children of Kaywana
358:Children of Kaywana
254:Berbice High School
101:Berbice High School
1843:Suicides in Surrey
1808:Guyanese novelists
1732:, 29 November 2010
1722:, 15 November 2010
1712:, 12 December 2009
1143:Petamber Persaud,
698:The Weather Family
376:Queen Elizabeth II
339:Black Trinidadians
152:Jacqueline Pointer
25:Edgar Mittelholzer
1739:, Prose-n-Poetry.
1735:Jacqueline Ives,
1606:Peepal Tree Press
1504:. 28 October 2009
1411:978-1-84523-355-6
1254:Peepal Tree Press
1184:(Subscription or
1104:978-1-84523-355-6
891:Caribbean Studies
848:978-1-84523-128-6
760:978-1-84523-355-6
734:Thunder Returning
693:978-0-553-12376-0
668:978-1-84523-295-5
653:978-1-84523-300-6
636:978-0-450-00079-9
623:978-1-84523-120-0
604:978-0-586-06491-7
591:978-1-84523-091-3
578:978-1-84523-066-1
565:978-1-84523-111-8
557:Corentyne Thunder
552:978-1-84523-300-6
513:Corentyne Thunder
265:Corentyne Thunder
246:African Caribbean
184:
183:
1850:
1684:Internet Archive
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1633:. 1 January 1909
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1470:
1457:
1451:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1419:
1413:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1245:
1232:
1231:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1181:
1163:
1154:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1115:
1106:
1092:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1055:
1028:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1003:
988:
979:
978:
976:
974:
959:
946:
945:
943:
941:
926:
917:
912:Michael Hughes,
910:
704:With a Carib Eye
496:Guyana Chronicle
479:Farnham Hospital
388:Caribbean Voices
380:platinum jubilee
372:Big Jubilee Read
292:Second World War
250:olive complexion
167:
165:
161:
145:
143:
139:
135:
81:Farnham Hospital
76:
54:16 December 1909
53:
51:
35:
21:
20:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1783:Autobiographers
1743:
1742:
1676:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1573:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1477:
1473:
1458:
1454:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1416:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1246:
1235:
1228:
1214:
1210:
1197:
1193:
1183:
1164:
1157:
1153:, 28 June 2009.
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1116:
1109:
1093:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1056:
1031:
1025:Wayback Machine
1015:
1011:
1001:
999:
989:
982:
972:
970:
960:
949:
939:
937:
927:
920:
911:
904:
900:
871:Jamaica Journal
853:Gilkes, Michael
807:
786:
784:Collected Works
716:Latticed Echoes
536:
487:
475:Farnham, Surrey
470:
315:British Council
300:
298:Life in England
216:
211:
172:
169:
157:
153:
147:
144: 1959)
131:
127:
124:
84:
78:
74:
65:
55:
49:
47:
46:
45:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1856:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1723:
1713:
1707:
1694:
1686:
1675:
1674:External links
1672:
1670:
1669:
1644:
1618:
1593:
1567:
1541:
1515:
1486:
1471:
1459:Al Creighton,
1452:
1436:
1414:
1394:
1369:
1344:
1319:
1291:
1266:
1233:
1226:
1208:
1191:
1155:
1136:
1107:
1076:
1029:
1009:
980:
947:
918:
901:
899:
896:
895:
894:
887:
878:Seymour, A. J.
875:
866:
850:
836:
824:
817:
806:
803:
802:
801:
785:
782:
781:
780:
774:
768:
762:
749:
743:
737:
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
701:
695:
682:
676:
670:
655:
638:
625:
612:
606:
593:
580:
567:
554:
535:
532:
486:
483:
469:
466:
413:Louise Bennett
397:George Lamming
299:
296:
224:British Guiana
215:
212:
210:
207:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
171:
170:
155:
151:
150:
148:
129:
125:
122:
121:
118:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:
77:(aged 55)
71:
67:
66:
64:(later Guyana)
62:British Guiana
56:
43:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1855:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:1965 suicides
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1730:Stabroek News
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:Stabroek News
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1706:, 11 May 2008
1705:
1704:
1699:
1696:Andre Bagoo,
1695:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1658:
1654:
1648:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1582:
1581:Stabroek News
1578:
1571:
1556:
1555:Kaieteur News
1552:
1545:
1530:. 19 May 2011
1529:
1525:
1519:
1503:
1502:Stabroek News
1499:
1493:
1491:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1466:Stabroek News
1462:
1456:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1425:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1308:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1280:
1279:www.bbc.co.uk
1276:
1270:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1229:
1227:9781845233556
1223:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1125:
1124:Stabroek News
1121:
1114:
1112:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1013:
998:
997:newsday.co.tt
994:
987:
985:
969:
968:Stabroek News
965:
958:
956:
954:
952:
936:
932:
925:
923:
915:
909:
907:
902:
892:
888:
885:
884:
879:
876:
873:
872:
867:
864:
863:
858:
854:
851:
849:
845:
841:
837:
834:
833:
828:
825:
822:
818:
815:
814:
809:
808:
799:
795:
791:
788:
787:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
761:
757:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
694:
690:
686:
685:Kaywana Blood
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
669:
665:
661:
660:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
639:
637:
633:
629:
626:
624:
620:
616:
613:
610:
607:
605:
601:
597:
594:
592:
588:
584:
581:
579:
575:
571:
568:
566:
562:
558:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
538:
537:
531:
527:
525:
524:Stabroek News
521:
516:
514:
510:
504:
502:
498:
497:
492:
491:A. J. Seymour
482:
480:
476:
465:
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
439:
437:
431:
429:
425:
421:
416:
414:
410:
409:Sylvia Wynter
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:Derek Walcott
390:
389:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:Hogarth Press
320:
319:Leonard Woolf
316:
311:
309:
305:
295:
293:
289:
284:
282:
281:Wilson Harris
278:
274:
270:
266:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:white-passing
239:
235:
234:
229:
225:
221:
220:New Amsterdam
206:
204:
199:
195:
192:
188:
179:
175:
149:
123:Roma Halfhide
120:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
72:
68:
63:
59:
58:New Amsterdam
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1729:
1719:
1701:
1689:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1630:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1596:
1584:. Retrieved
1580:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1527:
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1501:
1482:
1474:
1464:
1455:
1448:G T Observer
1447:
1439:
1427:. Retrieved
1417:
1402:
1397:
1385:. Retrieved
1381:
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1306:
1282:. Retrieved
1278:
1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:
1217:
1211:
1201:
1194:
1167:
1148:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1123:
1095:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
996:
971:. Retrieved
967:
938:. Retrieved
934:
913:
890:
881:
869:
860:
856:
839:
830:
820:
811:
797:
794:Creole Chips
793:
789:
776:
770:
764:
751:
745:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
684:
678:
672:
657:
644:
640:
627:
614:
608:
595:
582:
569:
556:
543:
540:Creole Chips
539:
534:Bibliography
528:
523:
519:
517:
512:
508:
505:
494:
488:
471:
461:
457:
453:
451:
446:
442:
440:
432:
417:
401:V.S. Naipaul
386:
384:
361:
357:
351:
326:
312:
301:
285:
264:
262:
258:Creole Chips
257:
231:
217:
200:
196:
186:
185:
75:(1965-05-06)
18:
1758:1965 deaths
1753:1909 births
1382:www.bbc.com
1069:18 February
883:Kyk-Over-Al
722:Eltonsbrody
518:Writing in
460:(1965) and
335:East Indian
89:Nationality
1747:Categories
1188:required.)
898:References
765:Uncle Paul
454:Uncle Paul
436:right-wing
428:Maida Vale
424:Derbyshire
405:Una Marson
321:. Woolf's
308:Englishman
214:Early life
140:;
107:Occupation
73:6 May 1965
50:1909-12-16
1429:5 January
805:Criticism
343:colourism
277:Jean Rhys
209:Biography
97:Education
1662:25 April
1637:25 April
1611:25 April
1586:25 April
1560:25 April
1534:25 April
1508:25 April
1387:25 April
1362:25 April
1337:25 April
1312:25 April
1284:25 April
1259:25 April
1129:25 April
1021:Archived
1002:25 April
973:25 April
940:25 April
456:(1963),
347:classism
304:Barbados
288:Trinidad
269:odd jobs
260:(1937).
218:Born in
191:Guyanese
177:Children
110:Novelist
92:Guyanese
1682:at the
520:Newsday
331:Chinese
226:(later
203:suicide
168:
156:
146:
130:
126:
115:Spouses
1409:
1224:
1182:
1102:
859:", in
846:
758:
691:
666:
651:
634:
621:
602:
589:
576:
563:
550:
485:Legacy
228:Guyana
162:
136:
468:Death
238:mixed
166:)
158:(
154:
132:(
128:
1664:2024
1639:2024
1613:2024
1588:2024
1562:2024
1536:2024
1510:2024
1431:2012
1407:ISBN
1389:2024
1364:2024
1339:2024
1314:2024
1286:2024
1261:2024
1222:ISBN
1131:2024
1100:ISBN
1071:2021
1004:2024
975:2024
942:2024
844:ISBN
796:and
756:ISBN
689:ISBN
664:ISBN
649:ISBN
632:ISBN
619:ISBN
600:ISBN
587:ISBN
574:ISBN
561:ISBN
548:ISBN
411:and
374:for
345:and
337:and
279:and
240:but
164:1960
142:div.
138:1942
70:Died
40:Born
1357:BBC
1174:doi
832:Bim
422:in
378:'s
233:née
1749::
1728:,
1718:,
1700:,
1655:.
1629:.
1604:.
1579:.
1553:.
1526:.
1500:.
1489:^
1481:,
1463:,
1446:,
1380:.
1355:.
1330:.
1305:.
1294:^
1277:.
1252:.
1236:^
1158:^
1147:,
1122:.
1110:^
1079:^
1062:.
1032:^
995:.
983:^
966:.
950:^
933:.
921:^
905:^
515:.
481:.
407:,
403:,
399:,
395:,
382:.
333:,
222:,
160:m.
134:m.
60:,
1666:.
1641:.
1615:.
1590:.
1564:.
1538:.
1512:.
1433:.
1391:.
1366:.
1341:.
1316:.
1288:.
1263:.
1230:.
1180:.
1176::
1133:.
1073:.
1006:.
977:.
944:.
180:5
52:)
48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)