1203:. The charges against Mecham in the impeachment trial were obstruction of justice, filing a false statement, and misuse of government funds. The false filings charge was dropped by the Senate on a vote of 16 to 12. Arguably, the testimony most damaging to Mecham was his own, during which he repeated his assertion that the legislature had no authority over him, and berated individual legislators. On April 4, the Senate convicted Mecham on obstruction of justice by a vote of 21 to 9, and on misusing government funds by a vote of 26 to 4. The Senate then voted 17 to 12 to disqualify Mecham from holding state office again, but that was short of the two-thirds majority required for passage. Upon conviction, Mecham was removed from office and Mofford immediately became governor of Arizona. The recall election was canceled by the
980:. The Governor then refused to acknowledge the presence of the columnist or answer his questions at a press conference. Mecham left the conference after other reporters repeated Kolbe's questions. Another incident occurred during a televised event in which a reporter questioned the governor's integrity, prompting Mecham to reply, "Don't you ever ask me for a true statement again." Mecham's press secretary Ken Smith later argued that the press "largely misunderstood" Mecham's retort. "Of course, the governor should not have said that, especially with the TV cameras rolling," he wrote. "In that heated context, what Mecham was telling Sam Stanton was not to challenge his honesty and integrity. Mecham often said the wrong thing, but he never lied."
661:, allowing an economically healthy newspaper and one that was failing to form a joint venture combining advertising, printing, and distribution operations while maintaining separate reporting and editorial functions. While supporters of the bill claimed it would prevent newspaper failures, Mecham opposed the bill claiming "The major reason that this bill has been presented is because of the power of the press over the decisions of voters at the polls, and the desire of politicians to court the favor of those who control these monopolistic presses." He also added that "the tools of monopoly are in the common advertising and the common circulation department."
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255:
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1071:, expressed concern that the governor's statements might indicate problems in the local business climate. The executive director of the Phoenix Economic Growth Corp., Ioanna T. Morfessis, stated "When companies look at a state's environment they don't want anything that sounds to them like the state isn't working right." As the controversy surrounding the governor built even the business interests within the state abandoned support for him. As the chairman of the state
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ballot initiatives during the 1990 electionâone removing the
Columbus Day holiday to make way for a new MLK day holiday, the other to add an extra paid holidayâmanaged to obtain a required majority even though 65% of voters supported at least one form of the holiday. In response to the voters' rejection of a King holiday, Arizona tourist officials estimated that concert and convention business worth $ 190 million were canceled and the
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957:" after being told of the number of golf courses in Arizona. In response to claims that he was a racist, Mecham said, "I've got black friends. I employ black people. I don't employ them because they are black; I employ them because they are the best people who applied for the cotton-picking job." These and other statements only strengthened the allegations of racism made against the governor following the MLK day cancellation.
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995:. Mecham defended the use of the word, saying, "As I was a boy growing up, blacks themselves referred to their children as pickaninnies. That was never intended to be an ethnic slur to anybody." This quote sparked national attention, in response to which Mecham again defended the use of the term "in a historical sense". Mecham's administration afterward became associated with the term "pickaninny". The same year,
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or his successor, Rose
Mofford. He believed in economic equality for all races and minorities, arguing this would be necessary before political and social equality could be achieved. He was deeply troubled by rampant drug abuse. And, his pet project this year would have been a statewide campaign to help illiterate adults learn to read. This side of Mecham was lost in a fog of controversy that he helped create.
913:âwhich, he believed, had been divinely inspired. Several of Mecham's appointments to key executive positionsâsubmitted without consultation with legislative leadersâwere found to have highly questionable credentials. Examples included his choice to head the Department of Liquor Licenses and Control, who was under investigation for murder; the director of the Department of Revenue, whose company was in
941:. "I'd say that the cooperation was not great", Usdane said, "but it's his prerogative". House Majority Leader Jim Ratliff, who had previously been a Mecham supporter, was a veto victim as well. "My only message to the governor is, if he thinks that people advising him to veto can help him run the state of Arizona better than I can, then let them", he said in a statement.
921:; and a former Marine, nominated as a state investigator, who had been court-martialled twice. Other political appointees who caused Mecham embarrassment were an education adviser, James Cooper, who told a legislative committee, "If a student wants to say the world is flat, the teacher doesn't have the right to prove otherwise"; and
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to 25% of votes cast during the official's last election to cause a recall election. On July 6, 1987, the first day that petitions could be circulated, the recall committee began an effort to collect 350,000 signatures, significantly more than the 216,746 signatures required. The recall committee was led by
791:. During the campaign, the state Automobile Dealers Association's ethics committee placed Mecham's dealership on probation for being chronically tardy in responding to complaints. The Democratic split caused by Schulz's re-entry allowed Mecham's campaign to survive. Mecham won the election with a 40%
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The tragic fact ... is that Mecham will be remembered as an incompetent, bumbling bigot who got what he deserved. But ... he had some charming personal qualities. He had a genuine interest in helping the disadvantaged. He understood economic development far better than his predecessor, Bruce
Babbitt,
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in May 1987. Pursuant to the
Arizona Constitution, a recall petition may not be circulated against an official unless he has been in office for at least six months, except that a legislator may be recalled after he has been in office for five days. These petitions needed a number of signatures equal
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While criticism plagued
Governor Mecham for most of his time in office, it was not until he had been in office for six months that his nominal allies began to break ranks with him. In July 1987, the same month the recall effort officially began, a group of thirteen rank-and-file Republican members of
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Following his campaign against Hayden, Mecham made an unsuccessful run for state chairman of the
Republican party in 1963 and unsuccessful runs for governor of Arizona in 1964, 1974, 1978, and 1982. In these four runs, Mecham gained the Republican nomination only for the 1978 election. He developed a
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holiday was challenged by two different groups, one opposed to the King holiday due to King's supposed communist ties and the other composed of
Italian-Americans opposed to the removal of the Columbus Day holiday, and the new holiday was forced to undergo voter approval. Neither of the two competing
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investigation into allegations that Mecham had loaned $ 80,000 in public funds to help his auto dealership. Upon learning of the alleged
Wolfson loan, the Speaker of the state House of Representatives hired a special counsel to investigate the charges. The third and final impeachment charge involved
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began a six strip series of comics lampooning the governor. The first strip depicted Mecham saying, "My! What a cute little pickaninny!" while patting the head of a black child. Other strips satirized Mecham's tolerance of others, political appointments, and the state's loss of tourism business. For
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has had my political destruction as its goal for many years." The governor also claimed, "Every daily newspaper in the state endorsed a different candidate besides me. It's taking them a little time to get used to the idea that I was the people's choice." In response to his perceived mistreatment by
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Arizona Gov. Evan Mecham, a
Republican and the sponsor of the governors`policy statement, called those federal sanctions an attempt to 'blackmail us into submission'. 'I don't find anyplace I go anyone really driving 55,' said Mecham, whose state includes vast, sparsely populated areas. 'I think it
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Publicity over Mecham's faux pas led to the state experiencing adverse economic effects. Tourism suffered when groups and conventions transferred their meetings out of
Arizona. In November 1987, a Phoenix-area convention bureau claimed that Mecham's policies on Martin Luther King Day had caused the
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by one percentage pointâa key campaign promiseâfailed, largely because Mecham did not specify which programs would lose funding, thus preventing lawmakers from determining how their constituencies would be affected. His proposed $ 2.3 billion budget, which cut education funding and froze state
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in the LDS church from 1957 to 1961. Part of his faith was that God would guide his actions and provide him the strength needed to endure. These beliefs were in part demonstrated during his time as governor when one staff member reported hearing a conversation in Mecham's office before entering the
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The special counsel appointed by the Speaker of the House delivered his report to the House on January 15. Based on this report, the House began hearings into possible impeachment proceedings on January 19. These resulted in the passing of House Resolution 2002 on February 8 by a vote of 46 to 14.
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game resulted in cries of "Recall! Recall!" combined with catcalls. By mid-September, signatures in excess of the minimum required had been collected at roadside locations despite the 115 °F (46 °C) afternoon heat of the Arizona summer. Signature collection continued for the full 120-day
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in 1954 where he acquired and operated a Pontiac dealership until he sold it in March 1988. As a dealer, he appeared regularly in local television commercials and adopted his trademark motto of "If you can't deal with Mecham, you just can't deal." The Glendale dealership served as a base for other
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to raise the speed limit on rural highways from 55 mph (90 km/h) to 65 mph (105 km/h) and supported a legislative bill to prevent takeover of Arizona businesses. During Mecham's term of office, a $ 157 million budget deficit was eliminated by reductions in state spending.
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as an independent against incumbent John McCain, receiving 145,361 votes (10.52%). In 1995, Mecham became chairman of the Constitutionalist Networking Center, a group attempting to create a grassroots organization called the Constitutionally Unified Republic for Everybody (CURE). CURE advocated
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The criminal case against Mecham and his brother went to trial on June 2. Attorneys who analyzed the proceedings later concluded that the Mechams' lawyers' most successful strategy was keeping their clients off the witness stand. The jury found that prosecutors failed to prove that the Mechams
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also saw the lowest voter turnout in nearly forty years due to unusual rain. Mecham overcame a fifteen-point deficit in the polls to win the Republican nomination with 54% of the vote. Barr failed to spend much of his campaign war chest in the primary, ending his campaign with over a million
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in early April 1987, joined in with the chorus of condemnation of Mecham, publicly announcing that they had donated money to the impeachment campaign, and having him denounced from the stage by a spokesman to their audience and the attending press, television, and radio outlets.
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and misuse of government fundsâfunds that Mecham maintained were private. A later criminal trial acquitted Mecham of related charges. Following his removal from office, Mecham remained active in politics for nearly a decade. During this time, he served as a delegate to the
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reading "Queer Ed Buck's Recall" after learning of the recall leader's sexual orientation. Mecham also mailed 25,000 letters during September to conservatives nationwide requesting that they move to Arizona and support him in case a recall election were held.
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Although both houses of the state legislature were controlled by fellow Republicans, Mecham was on poor terms with state lawmakers. He repeatedly asserted that he was under no obligation to cooperate with the legislature, that he was answerable only to the
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The recall tended to gather signatures in bursts, with most signatures occurring shortly after some action of the governor offended a segment of the state's voters. Anger toward the governor grew to the point that on August 15, Mecham's appearance at
758:. Because of Arizona's substantial transient populationâonly about half of the registered voters in 1986 were living in the state in 1980âMecham's record of previous attempts to gain elected office was not widely known by the voters. The
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ran a story claiming that Mecham had failed to report a $ 350,000 loan from local real-estate developer Barry Wolfson to Mecham's election campaign as required by campaign financing laws. These claims were added to a
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community after the cancellation by saying "King doesn't deserve a holiday." This was followed by him telling a group of Black community leaders, "You folks don't need another holiday. What you folks need are jobs."
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In reaction to the cancellation, a protest march to the state capital was held on January 19, 1987, the day the holiday would have occurred. Conventions scheduled to be held in Arizona were canceled, and performer
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for his service. Mecham married Florence Lambert in May 1945 and was discharged in December of the same year. Together, the couple raised seven children: Suzanne, Dennis, Christine, Eric, Teresa, Kyle and Lance.
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period allowed for by state law. On November 2, the recall committee turned in 32,401 petitions containing 388,988 signatures (more than the 343,913 votes Mecham had received during his election). After the
953:" to describe black children, claimed that high divorce rates were caused by working women, claimed America is a Christian nation to a Jewish audience, and said a group of visiting Japanese businessmen got "
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had selected the state Superintendent of Public Education, Carolyn Warner, as its candidate. Dissatisfaction among the state's business and political leadership with both candidates allowed Bill Schulz, a
1121:, a registered Republican and gay businessman living in the Phoenix area. In response, Mecham claimed the recall supporters were "a band of homosexuals and dissident Democrats." Mecham supporters printed
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the incoming governor over the cost of the paid holiday, as it had not been approved by the legislature. Despite the issues of the legality of how the holiday was created, Mecham replied to comments from
476:, resulting in a three-way race. While Governor, Mecham made statements and actions that were widely perceived as racially charged or racist. Among these actions were the cancellation of the state's paid
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Mecham made an issue of his relationship with the press. Claiming that many of his problems were caused by media enemies he had made during previous runs for political office, the governor stated, "The
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an alleged death threat to a government official by Horace Lee Watkins, a Mecham appointee, in November 1987. When Mecham was informed of the threat, it was reported that he instructed the head of the
1143:'s office received the petitions, Mecham refused to waive verification of the signatures, forcing the petitions to be sent to the counties for verification. On January 26, 1988, Secretary of State
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reported to Mecham that 301,032 signatures had been verifiedâa quantity sufficient to force a recall election. A recall election was scheduled for May 17, 1988, and former Republican Congressman
704:. Goldwater remained neutral. In the general election, Mecham received only tepid support from his party because of the value of Hayden's Senate seniority in passing legislation for the proposed
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The canceled Martin Luther King Day served as a point of controversy for years following Mecham's removal from office. In 1989, an Arizona law making a MLK holiday by canceling the state's
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by the local press, issued a joint statement critical of many of the governor's efforts. Calls for the governor's resignation followed several months afterwards, with former U.S. Senator
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candidate. Six years earlier, Schulz had nearly defeated longtime U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater. Goldwater was slow to endorse Mecham in this race, but did so officially at a dinner in
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In his fifth try for governor, Mecham ran as a political outsider using his standard platform advocating political reform and tax relief. Mecham's opponent in the Republican primary,
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banner. As governor, Mecham was plagued by controversy almost immediately after his inauguration and became the first U.S. governor to simultaneously face removal from office through
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employee salaries, was increased by $ 200 million by the legislature. Mecham lost further support by vetoing bills sponsored by key legislators, such as Senate Majority Leader
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convention in Phoenix. In response to the cancellation, Mecham was quoted to say "Well, the N.B.A. I guess they forget how many white people they get coming to watch them play."
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Public perception of Mecham also slowed down economic development outside the tourism industry. Several corporations looking for locations to build new facilities, including
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was hired to sweep the governor's offices looking for bugs. The Governor was quoted as saying, "Whenever I'm in my house or my office, I always have a radio on. It keeps the
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On January 8, 1988, a grand jury issued indictments against Evan Mecham and Willard Mecham, the Governor's brother and campaign finance manager, charging three counts of
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After several months of criticism, Mecham declared a non-paid holiday on the third Sunday in January. Reaction in the state to the non-paid holiday was generally poor.
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Following his removal from office and acquittal in his criminal trial, Mecham remained active in politics for several years. He served as an at-large delegate to the
728:, return of federal lands to state control, removing federal involvement in education, and putting welfare under state control. In 1982, Mecham wrote his first book,
884:"; in the video for the song, the group was seen assassinating Mecham by planting a bomb underneath his limousine and detonating it by remote control. The rock band
1180:, two counts of fraud, and one count of failing to report a campaign contribution. Mecham and his brother faced 22 years in prison if convicted on all charges.
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Mecham spent several years attempting to start a new newspaper, but was unable to secure sufficient financial backing. In 1999, Mecham wrote his third book,
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on his private communications. A senior member of Mecham's staff broke his leg after falling through a false ceiling he had been crawling over, looking for
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617:(now Arizona State University) in 1947 and majored in management and economics. In 1950, he left school 16 credit hours short of a degree to start Mecham
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Arizona's election laws were affected by Mecham's legacy. In 1988, Arizona voters passed an initiative that amended the state constitution to require a
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Besides the uproar caused by the MLK Day cancellation, claims of prejudice were made against Mecham after he defended the use of the racist word "
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but fell just shy of a majority because of a minor independent candidate. The amendment requiring the runoff was repealed by the voters in 1992.
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1296:. Another initiative in 1992 succeeded in creation of a statewide MLK day holiday (without removing Columbus Day). Afterwards, the NFL awarded
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when no candidate received a majority of the votes in a general election. This runoff requirement came into play during the 1990 election of
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739:, had served as the Majority Leader of the Arizona House of Representatives. Barr had the support of the state GOP leadership, including
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for 22 days. Mecham returned to the United States after recovering from injuries sustained in the lead-up to his capture, and received an
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Gross, Jane (January 17, 1993). "Arizona Hopes Holiday for King Will Mend Its Image; People are still embarrassed by a former governor".
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daily with maximum circulation of 27,000 before becoming a weekly journal. As a newspaper publisher trying to break into the Phoenix and
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The Arizona State Senate convened as a court of impeachment on February 29. Mecham's supporters compared the impeachment trial to the
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leading the way on October 9, 1987. As Mecham's problems continued to build, other Arizona political leaders, including Congressman
1047:. When asked about this by reporters, Attorney General Bob Corbin replied in amusement, "We don't have any ray gun pointed at him."
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indictment. He was the first and only Arizona governor to be impeached, as well as one of only 15 U.S. governors to be impeached.
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Upon Mecham's impeachment by the House, his powers as governor were suspended and Mofford became acting governor. Arizona has no
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a short time, Mecham considered suing the strip's creator, but later said he had decided to leave the dispute "where it belongsâ
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by $ 25,000 on employment compensation payments; the proposed supervisor of prison construction, who had served prison time for
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holiday (MLK Day) for state employees. The holiday had been created in May 1986 by executive order from the previous governor,
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and creating an unpaid King holiday on a Sunday, attributing high divorce rates to working women, and his defense of the word "
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in a 4 to 1 ruling that the constitutionally mandated order of succession took precedence over the state's recall provisions.
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room to find the Governor alone. Another staff member, Donna Carlson, reported that Mecham believed he had obtained office by
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cancellation of 45 conventions worth over $ 25 million (~$ 57.5 million in 2023). One of these cancellations was a
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Flannery, Pat; Crawford, Amanda J. (February 22, 2008). "Former Arizona Gov. Evan Mecham dies at 83". The Arizona Republic.
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1720:"None Dare Call it Reason: Arizona is a Hotbed of Constitutionalist Dissent, And Here are Four Who Fuel the Patriot Flame"
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and in 1990 he made an unsuccessful attempt to regain the governor's office. In 1992, he received one nomination vote for
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Mecham's legislative initiatives suffered due to his poor relations with the legislature. His proposal to cut the state's
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family-owned businesses, including Mecham Racing, Hauahaupan Mining Company and several auto dealerships in other states.
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Mecham gained national attention several days after his inauguration by fulfilling a campaign promise to cancel a paid
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the press, Mecham attempted to ban a journalist from his press conferences. John Kolbe, a political columnist for the
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unit of the Arizona State Veterans' Home in Phoenix. Evan Mecham died on February 21, 2008 and is interred at the
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Having served from January 5, 1987, to April 4, 1988, Mecham was removed from office following conviction in his
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in 1993, and told him to stop drawing critical cartoons about him, or his eternal soul would be in jeopardy.
842:, after the state legislature had voted not to create the holiday. Following the creation of the holiday, the
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Mecham was inaugurated on January 5, 1987. Among his claimed successes were the opening of a trade office in
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knowingly erred on their campaign reports, and acquitted the brothers on all six felony charges on June 10.
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the state legislature met to discuss the governor's image problems. Eleven members of the group, dubbed the
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and Democrat who had withdrawn from the Democratic primary because of a family illness, to obtain enough
754:. A sizable portion of the state's retired population joined this core support with Mecham's promises of
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1522:"Arizona's Outspoken New Governor, Evan Mecham, Seems to Enjoy Diving Straight into Political Hot Water"
976:, was declared a "non-person" after a February 25, 1987, column critical of Mecham's performance at the
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Mecham first sought elected office in 1952, while still living in Ajo, with an unsuccessful run for the
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In addition to his auto dealership, Mecham owned several short-lived newspapers. One of his papers, the
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689:, running on a platform demanding the United States withdraw from the United Nations and critical of a
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550:, and raised on his family's farm. The youngest of five boys, with one younger sister, he graduated as
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1268:, first reported in 2004, forced Mecham's withdrawal from the public arena and his commitment to the
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Flannery, Pat (February 22, 2008). "Former Arizona Gov. Evan Mecham has died". The Arizona Republic.
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Herbers, John (July 14, 1967). "Arizona Publisher Says Papers In His State Dictate to Politicians".
1075:, William L. Raby, observed "We usually back Republicans, but he's a different kind of Republican."
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562:(now Utah State University) on an agricultural scholarship. Mecham left college and joined the
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1100:, made appeals for Mecham to step down, but the governor steadfastly refused to leave office.
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Grover, Ronald; Ivey, Mark (September 28, 1987). "When Evan Mecham Talks, Arizona Shudders".
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Mecham's former press secretary argued, in retrospect, that his overriding legacy was unfair:
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judges to deal with drug-related issues. The governor also spearheaded an effort within the
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Mecham was an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He taught
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708:. Mecham was defeated in the general election but still polled 45 percent of the vote.
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on July 13, 1967. This testimony was in response to a bill sponsored by U.S. Senator
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of Arizona was organized. A rift between the Governor and fellow Republicans in the
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began with a surprise win of the Republican nomination, followed by a split of the
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Impeached state and territorial governors of the United States removed from office
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James N. Baker, Randy Collier (March 14, 1988). "Evan Mecham's Phoenix Follies".
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High Crimes and Misdemeanors: The Term and Trials of Former Governor Evan Mecham
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Hawkins, Steve L. (February 22, 1988). "Inside the Wacky World of Evan Mecham".
846:'s office issued an opinion that the paid holiday was illegal and threatened to
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2312:"Cartoonist Pat Bagley lambasts Gannett for short-sighted and cruel staff cut"
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out." After this was reported, a political cartoon by Benson appeared in the
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Peter Goudinoff & Sheila Tobias (October 26, 1987). "Arizona Airhead".
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3057:"What did Evan Mecham ask the Pope? â the jokes that impeached a governor"
2953:. illustrations by David 'Fitz' Fitzsimmons. University of Arizona Press.
2691:"Defense Strategy, Lack of Evidence Led to Acquittal, Local Lawyers Say",
1173:(DPS) not to provide information on the incident to the attorney general.
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Lindsey, Robert (March 9, 1987). "A 'Hot' Week For Governor of Arizona".
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922:
880:
released a song in regard to the cancellation of the MLK holiday titled "
817:
744:
736:
686:
654:
527:
442:
2626:
1882:
Tim Franklin, with contributions from Daniel Egler (February 24, 1987).
815:
prevention efforts through legislation allowing the governor to appoint
406:; May 12, 1924 â February 21, 2008) was an American businessman and the
3598:
3593:
3308:
3245:
3235:
1858:
State of Arizona Official Canvass â General Election â November 4, 1986
1165:
1023:
Throughout his administration, Mecham expressed concern about possible
997:
950:
938:
812:
725:
481:
3151:
522:
and made his final runs for the Arizona governorship and also for the
502:
newspaper made accusations of questionable political appointments and
341:
3027:
2610:
1044:
973:
954:
933:
926:
586:
354:
2555:
Hull, Jon D. (February 15, 1988). "An Impeachment Vote in Arizona".
1875:
3655:
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
3034:
2513:
2389:
1269:
1228:
Grave site of Mecham (1924â2008) and his wife, Florence (1925â2012)
1068:
780:
503:
350:
715:
Evan Mecham's house located at 5741 West Harmont Drive in Glendale
577:. Mecham was shot down on March 7, 1945, while flying escort on a
3186:
2907:
Smith, KV. Mecham ignored advice, created own road to ruin. Mesa
2734:"Ev's Latest Inkling Mecham Still Longs to be a Newspaper Tycoon"
2674:"Arizona's Supreme Court Blocks A Special Gubernatorial Election"
1457:"Arizona Once Elected A Governor Like Trump... And Impeached Him"
1177:
1118:
1093:
1064:
914:
873:
847:
755:
570:
489:
434:
289:
677:
during the 1960 election. After one term as a state senator, in
610:
and was thus not overly concerned about the feelings of others.
425:
Periodic runs for political office earned him a reputation as a
3155:
2653:
2413:
1249:
political candidates supporting a strict interpretation of the
450:
2890:. Arizona Secretary of State. November 3, 1992. Archived from
2866:. Arizona Secretary of State. November 6, 1990. Archived from
2842:. Arizona Secretary of State. November 8, 1988. Archived from
732:, in which he discusses his earlier life and political views.
381:
3045:
2806:"Arizona Holiday for Dr. King May Face Ballot Test in 1990".
2244:
1292:, worth an estimated US$ 150 million from the state, to
2756:"Ex-Arizona governor Evan Mecham shows symptoms of dementia"
2006:
1684:
3146:
Materials regarding the impeachment of Governor Evan Mecham
2785:"Services for former Gov. Evan Mecham Saturday in Glendale"
1778:
Weisman, Alan (November 1, 1987). "Up in Arms in Arizona".
1542:
1006:." In the midst of the scandal, Governor Mecham telephoned
795:
while Warner and Schulz received 34% and 26% respectively.
387:
3112:"Let me tell you why I've always been fond of Evan Mecham"
2641:
2477:
2465:
2401:
2356:
2328:
2177:
2153:
2119:
2063:"Razing Arizona: The Clash in the Church Over Evan Mecham"
2039:
1900:
1112:
was organized in January 1987 and changed its name to the
747:. Mecham's core support came from fellow Mormons and the
2494:
2492:
2251:
2216:
2194:
2192:
2165:
1696:
1642:
1602:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1559:
1276:. His wife, who died in 2012, was buried alongside him.
2521:
1802:
1614:
1503:
1501:
1043:
depicting the governor leaving his house outfitted for
987:
asked Mecham about the use of the word "pickaninny" in
885:
2885:"State of Arizona Official Canvass â General Election"
2861:"State of Arizona Official Canvass â General Election"
2837:"State of Arizona Official Canvass â General Election"
2698:
2571:
2533:
2489:
2437:
2368:
2263:
2204:
2425:
2189:
2091:
1814:
1746:
1734:
1590:
1571:
399:
384:
3795:
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
3720:
Deaths from Parkinson's disease in the United States
3715:
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease in the United States
3095:"Mecham lesson: Beware of overconfident politicians"
2758:. Associated Press. October 20, 2004. Archived from
1547:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1311:, who received more votes than Democratic candidate
542:
Evan Mecham was born to parents who were members of
414:
conviction on April 4, 1988. A decorated veteran of
925:, Mecham's special assistant, who was charged with
573:before being transferred to England, where he flew
460:before beginning a string of unsuccessful runs for
390:
378:
375:
3140:Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
3054:
2969:
2934:. Phoenix: Heritage Publishers. pp. 168â174.
2925:
1437:"Evan Mecham, 83; Was Removed as Arizona Governor"
1366:
1895:makes a mockery out of the national speed limit.'
1837:. Vol. 128. September 29, 1986. p. 35.
1394:
537:
3616:
3073:
3021:. Vol. 110. September 14, 1987. p. 41.
2951:Arizona Politicians: The Noble and the Notorious
1412:. Vol. 80. September 21, 1962. p. 24.
1429:
1427:
651:U.S. Senate Antitrust and Monopoly subcommittee
544:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
3084:. Vol. 41. pp. 42â43. Archived from
3002:. Phoenix: Laurent's Printing & Services.
2228:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
3805:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany
3324:
2517:. Vol. 111. January 8, 1988. p. 31.
2317:Association of American Editorial Cartoonists
2056:
2054:
2028:"U2 Starts National Tour on a Political Note"
903:
829:
2766:
2550:
2548:
2275:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1864:. Arizona Secretary of State. Archived from
1713:
1711:
1424:
807:that allowed for a $ 63 million cotton
437:" before he was elected governor, under the
3645:20th-century American far-right politicians
2583:
2303:
2018:
1968:. Vol. 130. p. 61. Archived from
1912:
1448:
3331:
3317:
3065:. Vol. 20. p. 21. Archived from
2511:"Arizona:Indicting a Wild-Card Governor".
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2051:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1929:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1528:. Vol. 28, no. 8. Archived from
422:owner and occasional newspaper publisher.
410:, serving from January 5, 1987, until his
31:
3660:American prisoners of war in World War II
2777:
2717:"Mecham Wins Spot at G.O.P. Convention".
2545:
1946:
1717:
1708:
1196:if he or she has been popularly elected.
488:children. In reaction to these events, a
3338:
3025:âArizona rejects 'Marx Brothers' ruleâ,
2923:
2772:
2748:
2527:
2455:
2109:
1808:
1690:
1620:
1434:Sullivan, Patricia (February 23, 2008).
1433:
1223:
1219:
710:
657:that provided partial immunity from the
526:, in which he unsuccessfully challenged
324:EuropeanâAfricanâMiddle Eastern Campaign
58:January 5, 1987 â April 4, 1988
3680:Arizona politicians convicted of crimes
2967:
2948:
2731:
2704:
2659:
2647:
2577:
2539:
2498:
2483:
2471:
2459:
2443:
2431:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2386:Ariz. Const. Art. VIII, Part I, Sec. 5.
2374:
2362:
2350:
2346:
2334:
2281:
2269:
2257:
2222:
2210:
2198:
2183:
2171:
2159:
2144:
2131:
2125:
2113:
2097:
2045:
2012:
1989:
1976:
1906:
1820:
1796:
1792:
1777:
1758:
1752:
1740:
1702:
1676:"The Voting for United States Senate".
1660:
1648:
1636:
1632:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1565:
1553:
1513:
1507:
1492:
1480:
1454:
770:saw a three-way race for governor. The
328:
3790:United States Army Air Forces officers
3745:Neurological disease deaths in Arizona
3617:
3109:
2997:
2592:"The Holy War Surrounding Evan Mecham"
2589:
2309:
2024:
1884:"Thompson Backs 65 M.p.h. Rural Limit"
1242:Constitution Party National Convention
3780:Republican Party governors of Arizona
3312:
3132:from Arizona History Reference Guides
3092:
2976:. New York: William Morrow & Co.
2820:
2814:
2599:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought
2234:
2060:
1274:National Memorial Cemetery of Arizona
872:separately announced that they would
649:markets, Mecham testified before the
566:in January 1943. He was trained as a
191:National Memorial Cemetery of Arizona
3665:American World War II fighter pilots
3635:20th-century American businesspeople
2732:Pasztor, David (December 15, 1993).
2554:
2282:Trudeau, G. B. (September 7, 1987).
1959:
558:High School in 1942 and enrolled in
3136:Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Holiday
3110:Garcia, Joseph (October 25, 2004).
3000:Mecham: Silence Cannot Be Misquoted
2791:. February 27, 2008. Archived from
1519:
1455:Biggers, Jeff (February 14, 2017).
1353:. Glendale, Ariz.: MP Press. 1988.
1351:Impeachment: The Arizona Conspiracy
1337:. Glendale, Ariz.: MP Press. 1982.
1234:1988 Republican National Convention
1171:Arizona Department of Public Safety
664:
13:
2991:
2810:. September 26, 1989. p. A28.
2237:"Arizona's governor vs. the press"
1078:
1050:
944:
14:
3816:
3755:People from Duchesne County, Utah
3123:
3076:"The resurrection of Evan Mecham"
1994:. Vol. 104. pp. 29â30.
1960:Hull, Jon D. (November 9, 1987).
111:Serving with Joe Haldiman
3640:20th-century Arizona politicians
3447:
3114:. Tucson Citizen. Archived from
3041:. Vol. 197. pp. 15â16.
2932:The Arizona governors, 1912â1990
2310:Bagley, Pat (January 24, 2019).
2025:Palmer, Robert (April 4, 1987).
1718:Dougherty, John (July 6, 1995).
700:, a former campaign manager for
681:Mecham attempted to capture the
671:Arizona House of Representatives
429:along with the nickname of "The
371:
349:
340:
303:
288:
253:
3695:Arizona State University alumni
3650:American automobile salespeople
3093:Kiser, Jim (October 24, 2004).
3055:Alleen Pace Nilsen (May 1988).
2901:
2877:
2853:
2829:
2799:
2725:
2710:
2685:
2665:
2504:
2449:
2380:
2340:
2103:
1849:
1826:
1786:
1669:
1654:
1626:
1327:
1103:
1058:National Basketball Association
888:, which performed a concert at
798:
560:Utah State Agricultural College
225:
16:American politician (1924â2008)
3750:People acquitted of corruption
3735:Latter Day Saints from Arizona
2924:Jennings, Marianne M. (1989).
2681:. April 13, 1988. p. A20.
2235:Smith, Ken (August 17, 2012).
1536:
1238:President of the United States
1154:
1151:agreed to run against Mecham.
978:National Governors Association
823:National Governors Association
724:and advocating elimination of
720:political doctrine supporting
538:Early life and business career
520:Republican National Convention
1:
3770:Recalled American politicians
3765:People from Glendale, Arizona
3074:Kenneth V. Smith (May 1989).
2917:
2559:. Vol. 131. p. 22.
2061:PagĂĄn, Eduardo (March 1988).
1962:"Evan Mecham, Please Go Home"
694:ruling limiting school prayer
3800:Utah State University alumni
3740:Military personnel from Utah
3050:. Vol. 111. p. 23.
2721:. May 15, 1988. p. A22.
2398:, pp. 127â130, 159â160.
1992:U.S. News & World Report
1520:Chu, Dan (August 24, 1987).
1210:
991:, a book by Mecham's mentor
983:In 1987, a reporter for the
882:By the Time I Get to Arizona
456:Mecham served one term as a
7:
3775:Recipients of the Air Medal
3705:Businesspeople from Arizona
3017:"'Doonesbury' in Arizona".
2968:Watkins, Ronald J. (1990).
2930:. In Myers, John L. (ed.).
1201:crucifixion of Jesus Christ
972:and brother of Congressman
836:Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
811:contract and strengthening
10:
3821:
3760:People from Duchesne, Utah
3670:Arizona Constitutionalists
2998:Bellus, Ronald J. (1988).
2949:Johnson, James W. (2002).
1373:. Prime News Press. 1999.
1251:United States Constitution
963:Phoenix newspaper monopoly
911:United States Constitution
904:Relations with legislature
876:the state. The rap group
830:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
581:mission and was held as a
478:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
3456:
3445:
3346:
3297:
3288:
3280:
3275:
3265:
3250:
3242:
3232:
3217:
3211:
3201:
3176:
3168:
3163:
1934:. pp. 110, 112â113.
1639:, pp. 25â26, 35, 354
1260:. Health issues, such as
1159:On October 21, 1987, the
1110:Mecham Watchdog Committee
464:. His victory during the
360:
336:
314:
299:
284:
276:
266:
248:
243:
235:
212:
196:
186:
169:
149:
144:
140:
128:
116:
102:
86:
74:
62:
51:
43:
39:
30:
23:
3710:Businesspeople from Utah
3164:Party political offices
2695:, June 17, 1988, p. A13.
2662:, pp. 354, 356â357.
2422:, pp. 194â195, 274.
1388:
1286:National Football League
1029:covert listening devices
1016:, who would later win a
890:Arizona State University
783:signatures to run as an
768:general election of 1986
408:17th governor of Arizona
1246:run for the U.S. Senate
1114:Mecham Recall Committee
706:Central Arizona Project
3730:Jeffersonian democracy
3690:Arizona state senators
3105:on September 29, 2007.
2849:on September 20, 2013.
2590:Coates, Karen (1989).
1532:on September 21, 2016.
1408:"The Lost Coattails".
1325:
1229:
844:state Attorney General
722:Jeffersonian democracy
716:
629:. Mecham relocated to
515:obstruction of justice
2911:, May 15, 1988, p. B1
2015:, pp. 62â63, 65.
1320:
1227:
1220:Later life and legacy
1205:Arizona Supreme Court
1134:before an exhibition
1012:political cartoonist
989:The Making of America
777:real estate developer
714:
659:Sherman Antitrust Act
615:Arizona State College
420:automotive dealership
277:Years of service
3675:Arizona Independents
3340:Governors of Arizona
3130:Governor Evan Mecham
3069:on November 3, 2007.
2795:on January 18, 2013.
2762:on October 26, 2004.
2324:on January 30, 2019.
1972:on November 3, 2007.
1871:on November 2, 2013.
1730:on November 2, 2004.
1693:, pp. 169, 171.
1680:. November 11, 1962.
1369:Wrongful Impeachment
1294:Pasadena, California
1258:Wrongful Impeachment
1192:stands first in the
1033:private investigator
579:photo reconnaissance
496:developed after the
309:U.S. Army Air Forces
3685:Arizona Republicans
3291:Governor of Arizona
3257:Governor of Arizona
3224:Governor of Arizona
3031:, October 22, 1987.
2650:, pp. 346â347.
2486:, pp. 199â200.
2474:, pp. 179â182.
2410:, pp. 143â144.
2365:, pp. 135â137.
2337:, pp. 270â271.
2290:The Washington Post
2186:, pp. 120â121.
2162:, pp. 166â167.
2128:, pp. 158â159.
2048:, pp. 68, 126.
1909:, pp. 114â115.
1442:The Washington Post
1266:Parkinson's disease
1262:Alzheimer's disease
1194:order of succession
1186:lieutenant governor
1073:chamber of commerce
641:, was printed as a
613:Mecham enrolled at
564:U.S. Army Air Corps
548:Mountain Home, Utah
494:Arizona Legislature
427:perennial candidate
46:Governor of Arizona
3785:Shot-down aviators
3700:Burials in Arizona
3276:Political offices
3269:Fife Symington III
3099:Arizona Daily Star
3062:Washington Monthly
2897:on March 14, 2009.
2873:on March 14, 2009.
2823:The New York Times
2808:The New York Times
2789:Arizona Daily Star
2719:The New York Times
2679:The New York Times
2462:, pp. 154â155
2147:The New York Times
2072:. pp. 15â21.
2033:The New York Times
1782:. p. VI 50:4.
1780:The New York Times
1678:The New York Times
1663:The New York Times
1244:, and then made a
1230:
1190:secretary of state
1141:Secretary of State
855:activists and the
752:John Birch Society
717:
691:U.S. Supreme Court
322: •
271:United States Army
3612:
3611:
3350:(1863–1912)
3307:
3306:
3298:Succeeded by
3266:Succeeded by
3233:Succeeded by
3202:Succeeded by
3118:on June 27, 2006.
3009:978-0-9295-7200-0
2983:978-0-688-09051-7
2738:Phoenix New Times
2260:, pp. 72â73.
2225:, pp. 91â92.
2174:, pp. 66â67.
2149:. p. I 12:4.
2087:on March 3, 2016.
1724:Phoenix New Times
1705:, pp. 28â36.
1651:, pp. 31â32.
1611:, pp. 27â28.
1568:, pp. 23â25.
1380:978-1-929360-00-0
1335:Come Back America
1132:Sun Devil Stadium
763:dollars on hand.
749:ultraconservative
730:Come Back America
511:impeachment trial
364:
363:
294:Second Lieutenant
173:February 21, 2008
3812:
3461:
3451:
3450:
3351:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3310:
3309:
3281:Preceded by
3243:Preceded by
3214:Russell Williams
3212:Preceded by
3169:Preceded by
3161:
3160:
3119:
3106:
3101:. Archived from
3089:
3088:on July 8, 2009.
3070:
3051:
3042:
3038:The New Republic
3022:
3013:
2987:
2975:
2964:
2945:
2929:
2912:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2889:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2865:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2841:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2740:. Archived from
2729:
2723:
2722:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2611:10.2307/45225791
2596:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2552:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2487:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2320:. Archived from
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2287:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2247:on May 13, 2016.
2243:. Archived from
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2142:
2129:
2123:
2117:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2080:. Archived from
2067:
2058:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1987:
1974:
1973:
1957:
1944:
1943:
1927:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1863:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1775:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1726:. Archived from
1715:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1405:
1384:
1372:
1362:
1346:
1290:Super Bowl XXVII
1161:Arizona Republic
1041:Arizona Republic
1009:Arizona Republic
993:W. Cleon Skousen
789:Lake Havasu City
772:Democratic Party
760:primary election
665:Political career
639:Evening American
601:and served as a
499:Arizona Republic
486:African American
484:" in describing
474:general election
470:Democratic party
402:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
353:
344:
330:
307:
292:
259:
257:
256:
244:Military service
229:
227:
218:Florence Lambert
180:Phoenix, Arizona
176:
159:
157:
145:Personal details
131:
119:
107:
92:
77:
65:
56:
35:
21:
20:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3459:
3452:
3448:
3443:
3349:
3342:
3337:
3303:
3294:
3286:
3271:
3260:
3248:
3238:
3227:
3215:
3207:
3205:Barry Goldwater
3196:
3189:
3174:
3126:
3081:National Review
3016:
3010:
2994:
2992:Further reading
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1090:Barry Goldwater
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1079:Removal efforts
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1051:Economic impact
1004:the funny pages
985:Phoenix Gazette
969:Phoenix Gazette
947:
945:Other incidents
906:
832:
801:
741:Barry Goldwater
702:Barry Goldwater
698:Stephen Shadegg
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540:
447:recall election
418:, Mecham was a
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2444:Watkins (1990)
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2927:"Evan Mecham"
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3348:Territorial
3301:Rose Mofford
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3183:U.S. Senator
3181:nominee for
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1328:Publications
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1300:to Arizona.
1281:Columbus Day
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1182:
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1145:Rose Mofford
1128:
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1109:
1107:
1104:Recall drive
1096:and Senator
1085:
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1014:Steve Benson
1007:
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726:income taxes
718:
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612:
608:divine right
596:
591:Purple Heart
552:salutatorian
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416:World War II
366:
365:
346:Purple Heart
319:World War II
315:Battles/wars
175:(2008-02-21)
160:May 12, 1924
130:Succeeded by
124:Frank Murphy
104:
81:Rose Mofford
76:Succeeded by
53:
18:
3630:2008 deaths
3625:1924 births
3152:Appearances
2241:Kensmith.us
1155:Impeachment
1149:John Rhodes
1098:John McCain
1086:Dirty Dozen
923:Sam Steiger
868:and writer
818:pro tempore
785:independent
745:John McCain
737:Burton Barr
687:Carl Hayden
683:U.S. Senate
655:Carl Hayden
532:independent
528:John McCain
524:U.S. Senate
472:during the
443:impeachment
412:impeachment
367:Evan Mecham
208:(1992â2008)
206:Independent
136:Paul Singer
118:Preceded by
64:Preceded by
25:Evan Mecham
3619:Categories
3589:Napolitano
3295:1987â1988
3253:Republican
3246:Leo Corbet
3236:Leo Corbet
3220:Republican
3179:Republican
2918:References
1466:August 20,
1166:grand jury
998:Doonesbury
955:round eyes
951:pickaninny
939:Bob Usdane
813:drug abuse
482:pickaninny
439:Republican
249:Allegiance
201:Republican
156:1924-05-12
3579:Symington
3534:McFarland
3364:McCormick
3148:Ken Smith
3028:The Times
2635:254346552
2619:0012-2157
2565:0040-781X
2078:0363-1370
2000:0041-5537
1940:0007-7135
1843:0040-781X
1418:0040-781X
1211:Acquittal
1188:, so the
1045:laser tag
974:Jim Kolbe
934:sales tax
927:extortion
892:(ASU) in
793:plurality
587:Air Medal
355:Air Medal
280:1943â1945
109:1961â1963
105:In office
94:from the
54:In office
3549:Williams
3509:Stanford
3494:Phillips
3484:Campbell
3474:Campbell
3414:Franklin
3048:Newsweek
3019:Newsweek
2627:45225791
2514:Newsweek
2070:Sunstone
1359:18761566
1270:dementia
1069:SEMATECH
781:petition
756:tax cuts
631:Glendale
556:Altamont
504:cronyism
449:, and a
236:Children
98:district
3574:Mofford
3564:Babbitt
3544:Goddard
3394:Wolfley
3379:Frémont
3369:Safford
3359:Goodwin
3192:Class 3
3187:Arizona
2909:Tribune
1343:9589917
1240:at the
1178:perjury
1119:Ed Buck
1094:Jon Kyl
1065:US West
915:arrears
874:boycott
643:Phoenix
623:Rambler
619:Pontiac
490:boycott
435:Arizona
326: (
230:
222:
3594:Brewer
3569:Mecham
3554:Castro
3539:Fannin
3524:Garvey
3519:Osborn
3458:State
3434:Kibbey
3429:Brodie
3424:Murphy
3419:McCord
3409:Hughes
3404:Murphy
3389:Zulick
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1288:moved
1037:lasers
809:export
805:Taiwan
647:Tucson
603:bishop
530:as an
451:felony
337:Awards
258:
213:Spouse
182:, U.S.
165:, U.S.
3604:Hobbs
3599:Ducey
3559:Bolin
3514:Jones
3504:Moeur
3439:Sloan
3399:Irwin
3185:from
3138:from
2895:(PDF)
2888:(PDF)
2871:(PDF)
2864:(PDF)
2847:(PDF)
2840:(PDF)
2631:S2CID
2623:JSTOR
2595:(PDF)
2085:(PDF)
2066:(PDF)
1869:(PDF)
1862:(PDF)
1389:Notes
894:Tempe
857:Black
554:from
224:(
220:
44:17th
3584:Hull
3529:Pyle
3499:Hunt
3489:Hunt
3479:Hunt
3469:Hunt
3374:Hoyt
3262:1986
3229:1978
3198:1962
3004:ISBN
2978:ISBN
2955:ISBN
2936:ISBN
2615:ISSN
2561:ISSN
2557:Time
2297:2021
2074:ISSN
1996:ISSN
1966:Time
1936:ISSN
1839:ISSN
1835:Time
1468:2018
1414:ISSN
1410:Time
1375:ISBN
1355:OCLC
1339:OCLC
1264:and
1108:The
1067:and
1031:. A
766:The
743:and
679:1962
621:and
589:and
403:-kÉm
300:Unit
285:Rank
170:Died
150:Born
3154:on
2607:doi
1136:NFL
848:sue
627:Ajo
625:in
546:in
433:of
401:MEE
329:POW
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