1227:
1989:
1215:
40:
1145:, this early hip bone evolved to become the ischium and pubis, while the ilium formed as a new structure, initially somewhat rod-like in form, but soon adding a larger bony blade. The acetabulum is already present at the point where the three bones meet. In these early forms, the connection with the vertebral column is not complete, with a small pair of ribs connecting the two structures; nonetheless the pelvis already forms the complete ring found in most subsequent forms.
245:
1263:
1287:
1275:
1239:
1251:
685:
portion of cartilage, which now presents traces of ossification, often by two or more centers. One of these, the os acetabuli, appears about the age of twelve, between the ilium and pubis, and fuses with them about the age of eighteen; it forms the pubic part of the acetabulum. The ilium and ischium then become joined, and lastly the pubis and ischium, through the intervention of this Y-shaped portion.
1331:
689:
709:
655:
681:, about the eighth or ninth week of fetal life; in the superior ramus of the ischium, about the third month; in the superior ramus of the pubis, between the fourth and fifth months. At birth, the three primary centers are quite separate, the crest, the bottom of the acetabulum, the ischial tuberosity, and the inferior rami of the ischium and pubis being still cartilaginous.
1176:, the hip bone came to rotate counter-clockwise, relative to its position in reptiles, so that the ilium moved forward, and the pubis and ischium moved to the rear. The same pattern is seen in all modern mammals, and the thyroid fenestra and obturator foramen have merged to form a single space. The ilium is typically narrow and triangular in mammals, but is much larger in
716:
At about the age of puberty, ossification takes place in each of the remaining portions, and they join with the rest of the bone between the twentieth and twenty-fifth years. Separate centers are frequently found for the pubic tubercle and the ischial spine, and for the crest and angle of the pubis.
684:
By the seventh or eighth year, the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium are almost completely united by bone. About the thirteenth or fourteenth year, the three primary centers have extended their growth into the bottom of the acetabulum, and are there separated from each other by a Y-shaped
1196:, the prepubes or "marsupial bones", which extend forward from the pubes, and help to support the abdominal muscles and, in marsupials, the pouch. In placental mammals, the pelvis as a whole is generally wider in females than in males, to allow for the birth of the young.
967:
arises from the margin of bone immediately around the medial side of the obturator foramen, from the rami of the pubis, and the inferior ramus of the ischium; it also arises from the medial two-thirds of the outer surface of the obturator membrane, and from the tendinous
1156:
have substantially modified this ancestral structure, based on their varied forms and lifestyles. The obturator foramen is generally very small in such animals, although most reptiles do possess a large gap between the pubis and ischium, referred to as the
2009:
674:(said to occur more frequently in the male than in the female), the tuberosity of the ischium, the pubic symphysis (more frequent in the female than in the male), and one or more for the Y-shaped piece at the bottom of the acetabulum.
514:
The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone and is located below the ilium and behind the pubis. The ischium is the strongest of the three regions that form the hip bone. It is divisible into three portions: the
1379:"The hip bone is an irregularly shaped bone, also known as the pelvic girdle. It consists of three bones; ilium, ischium and pubis. These three bones are also known as the innominate bones, pelvic bones or coxal bones."
645:
is thin and flat. It passes laterally and downward from the medial end of the superior ramus. It becomes narrower as it descends and joins with the inferior ramus of the ischium below the obturator foramen.
637:. It extends from the body to the median plane where it articulates with its fellow of the opposite side. It is conveniently described in two portions: a medial flattened part and a narrow lateral
1483:
1026:
arises by two tendons: one, the anterior or straight, from the anterior inferior iliac spine; the other, the posterior or reflected, from a groove above the rim of the acetabulum.
1001:
arises from the lower and medial impression on the tuberosity of the ischium, by a tendon common to it and the long head of the biceps femoris; it also arises from an
576:. The body forms one-fifth of the acetabulum. The body forms the wide, strong, medial and flat portion of the pubic bone which unites with the other pubic bone in the
113:
1262:
608:
is that portion superior to the pelvic brim; it is bounded by the alae of the ilia laterally and the sacral promontory and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly.
622:
is the opening delineated by the pelvic brim. The widest dimension of the pelvic inlet is from left to right, that is, along the frontal plane. The
1448:
626:
is the margin of the true pelvis. It is bounded anteriorly by the pubic arch, laterally by the ischia, and posteriorly by the sacrum and coccyx.
89:
580:. The fibrocartilaginous pad which lies between the symphysial surfaces of the coxal bones, that secures the pubic symphysis, is called the
1549:
929:, being attached to the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium, and at the side to the inner surface of the hip bone below and behind the
596:
is a continuous oval ridge of bone that runs along the pubic symphysis, pubic crests, arcuate lines, sacral alae, and sacral promontory.
1226:
1214:
1088:
1414:
1488:
1130:
articulates. The hip bones on each side usually connect with each other at the forward end, and are even solidly fused in
1517:
925:
arises from the inner surface of the antero-lateral wall of the hip bone, where it surrounds the greater part of the
863:: originates on the outer surface of the ilium between the iliac crest and the posterior gluteal line above, and the
778:
767:
468:) is the uppermost and largest region. It makes up two fifths of the acetabulum. It is divisible into two parts: the
2014:
1581:
1719:
1714:
815:
811:
1005:
which connects the adjacent surfaces of the two muscles to the extent of about 7.5 cm. from their origin.
1709:
1704:
942:
754:
524:
520:
108:
1200:
937:
above and behind to the obturator foramen below and in front. It also arises from the pelvic surface of the
2019:
1126:
The hip bone first appears in fishes, where it consists of a simple, usually triangular bone, to which the
836:
of the inner upper ilium, and the rough portion of bone including the iliac crest, the fascia covering the
789:
534:, also referred to colloquially as the "sit bone". When sitting, the weight is frequently placed upon the
1340:
1979:
17:
1452:
1808:
1203:
were formerly considered to be vestigial, but they are now known to play a role in sexual selection.
983:
964:
957:
922:
867:
below. The gluteus medius also originates from the gluteal aponeurosis that covers its outer surface.
531:
1250:
1238:
1553:
953:
912:
120:
72:
666:: three primary, one each for the ilium, ischium, and pubis, and five secondary, one each for the
1935:
1044:
934:
677:
The centers appear in the following order: in the lower part of the ilium, immediately above the
671:
330:
321:
1944:
1874:
1674:
1466:
1303:
1048:
991:
901:
853:
833:
829:
96:
84:
1939:
1684:
1679:
1645:
1286:
1023:
987:
893:
875:
871:
864:
860:
746:
678:
477:
229:
564:
is the ventral and anterior of the three parts forming the hip bone. It is divisible into a
1792:
1574:
1313:
1274:
738:
573:
569:
480:, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum. The body of ilium forms the
1169:, and the two hip bones are usually widely separated, making it easier to lay large eggs.
8:
2024:
841:
717:
The proportions of the female hip bone may affect the ease of passage of the baby during
663:
1988:
1533:
1908:
1904:
1380:
938:
849:
565:
1268:
Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis.
615:
is the region inferior to the pelvic brim that is almost entirely surrounded by bone.
1930:
1918:
1513:
1410:
1345:
1307:
1115:
926:
889:
807:
734:
634:
412:
367:
2010:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
1913:
1897:
1744:
1084:
1030:
946:
905:
897:
481:
387:
217:
197:
1362:
423:
the three regions will have fused together, and by the age 25 they will have
1864:
1567:
1317:
1076:
1070:
1009:
742:
577:
539:
516:
432:
348:
185:
77:
312:
1993:
1859:
1749:
1193:
998:
979:
845:
837:
497:
339:
213:
201:
1161:, which presents a similar appearance to the obturator foramen in mammals. In
2003:
1964:
1787:
1655:
1637:
1336:
916:
542:
covers it in the upright posture, but leaves it free in the seated position.
473:
469:
209:
101:
39:
1012:
arises from the lower and medial impression on the tuberosity of the ischium
1954:
1838:
1628:
1594:
1107:
1080:
782:
730:
551:
456:
424:
408:
400:
300:
277:
178:
170:
712:
The female pelvis is wider than the male pelvis to accommodate childbirth.
1959:
1849:
1754:
1739:
1409:] (in Danish) (12th ed.). Munksgaard Danmark. pp. 237–239.
1002:
930:
793:
771:
667:
489:
391:
1507:
244:
126:
1922:
1892:
1127:
1103:
750:
718:
493:
476:; the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the
416:
355:
225:
162:
1559:
1401:
Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen (2001).
658:
Plan of ossification of the hip bone. Left hip bone, external surface.
359:
224:(thigh bone) (forming the primary connection between the bones of the
1189:
1185:
1173:
1149:
233:
158:
1512:. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 188–192.
1177:
1142:
1131:
982:
arises from the lower and inner impression on the back part of the
638:
496:. The iliac crest shows clear marks of the attachment of the three
1400:
1033:
arises by tendinous fibres from the anterior superior iliac spine,
161:, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. In some
1772:
1166:
1153:
960:, immediately below the groove for the obturator internus tendon.
509:
420:
415:. They join each other in a Y-shaped portion of cartilage in the
404:
288:
174:
166:
1613:
1608:
701:
697:
693:
485:
462:
444:
440:
436:
428:
375:
266:
205:
193:
189:
1181:
1135:
1111:
1092:
221:
60:
527:. The body forms approximately one-third of the acetabulum.
1590:
1162:
870:
Gluteus minimus muscle originates between the anterior and
708:
688:
654:
1052:
633:
is a part of the pubic bone which forms a portion of the
212:. They are connected to the sacrum, which is part of the
599:
810:
in the sacral region attaches to the medial surface of
1047:
attaches to the iliac crest and several places on the
1977:
1438:
Multiple citations to "(J Bridges)" embedded in text.
1121:
729:
Several muscles attach to the hip bone including the
1381:
https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-pelvis
1220:
Position of the hip bones (shown in red). Animation.
649:
411:. At birth, these three components are separated by
1508:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
1114:of a baby in order to detect an increased risk for
488:. The edge of the wing of ilium forms the S-shaped
220:. Each hip bone is connected to the corresponding
1471:McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine
1138:, but they never attach to the vertebral column.
2001:
1184:, in which it anchors powerful gluteal muscles.
1016:
1534:Sexual selection targets cetacean pelvic bones
1575:
1165:, the pubic symphysis is present only in the
1098:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
892:originates from the superior margin of the
399:The hip bone is formed by three parts: the
1582:
1568:
228:and the axial skeleton) through the large
38:
1441:
1423:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1059:
882:
707:
687:
653:
530:The ischium forms a large swelling, the
243:
208:– the pelvic girdle which surrounds the
44:Position of the hip bones (shown in red)
1589:
941:except in the posterior part, from the
14:
2002:
1335:This article incorporates text in the
933:, reaching from the upper part of the
844:), as well as the sacrum, coccyx, the
796:and pecten pubis via a conjoint tendon
696:, formed by left and right hip bones,
1563:
1536:." Evolution 68.11 (2014): 3296-3306.
1473:. 2002 – via TheFreeDictionary.
1385:
1075:Fractures of the hip bone are termed
915:arises from the outer surface of the
724:
600:False pelvis, pelvic inlet, and ramus
169:) it is composed of three parts: the
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1206:
760:
662:The hip bone is ossified from eight
492:which is easily located through the
1407:Anatomy of the Locomotive Apparatus
1037:
986:, by a tendon common to it and the
24:
1122:Evolution of the pelvis in animals
1079:, and should not be confused with
956:arises from the upper part of the
945:, and to a slight extent from the
822:
248:The skeleton of the human pelvis:
25:
2036:
1543:
1494:
1256:Right hip bone. Internal surface.
1244:Right hip bone. External surface.
990:, and from the lower part of the
818:and several places to the sacrum.
779:abdominal internal oblique muscle
768:abdominal external oblique muscle
755:anterior compartment of the thigh
650:Development and sexual dimorphism
1987:
1329:
1285:
1273:
1261:
1249:
1237:
1225:
1213:
1106:is the assessment of the female
800:
1526:
1477:
1459:
1373:
1355:
816:posterior sacroiliac ligaments
812:posterior superior iliac spine
731:internal muscles of the pelvic
587:
184:The two hip bones join at the
13:
1:
1324:
1017:Anterior compartment of thigh
972:
874:, and from the margin of the
1489:Dorland's Medical Dictionary
1064:
790:transversus abdominis muscle
239:
7:
1343:of the 20th edition of
1297:
10:
2041:
1232:Right hip bone. Animation.
1099:Preparation for childbirth
1068:
949:, which covers the muscle.
549:
507:
503:
454:
1885:
1837:
1817:
1809:tuberosity of the ischium
1801:
1780:
1771:
1728:
1693:
1663:
1654:
1636:
1627:
1601:
1532:Dines, James P., et al. "
1201:pelvic bones of cetaceans
984:tuberosity of the ischium
965:obturator externus muscle
958:tuberosity of the ischium
923:obturator internus muscle
532:tuberosity of the ischium
443:, the hip bones form the
165:(including humans before
119:
107:
95:
83:
71:
59:
54:
49:
37:
32:
1556:'s Department of Anatomy
1554:Dartmouth Medical School
1403:Bevægeapparatets anatomi
954:inferior gemellus muscle
913:superior gemellus muscle
545:
450:
196:(the pelvic part of the
121:Anatomical terms of bone
66:os coxae, os innominatum
2015:Bones of the lower limb
1936:greater sciatic foramen
1292:Hip bone. Lateral view.
1045:latissimus dorsi muscle
935:greater sciatic foramen
753:, two muscles from the
672:anterior inferior spine
1945:lesser sciatic foramen
1550:hip/hip%20bones/bones3
1451:. 1918. Archived from
1304:Brachiocephalic artery
1194:a fourth pair of bones
992:sacrotuberous ligament
902:sacrotuberous ligament
872:inferior gluteal lines
854:sacrotuberous ligament
834:posterior gluteal line
830:gluteus maximus muscle
713:
705:
659:
498:abdominal wall muscles
396:
188:and together with the
1940:greater sciatic notch
1280:Hip bone.Medial view.
1083:, which are actually
1060:Clinical significance
1024:rectus femoris muscle
894:greater sciatic notch
883:Lateral rotator group
876:greater sciatic notch
865:anterior gluteal line
861:gluteus medius muscle
747:lateral rotator group
711:
691:
679:greater sciatic notch
657:
247:
230:ball and socket joint
1793:lesser sciatic notch
1455:on 22 December 2009.
1314:Brachiocephalic vein
1148:In practice, modern
643:inferior pubic ramus
631:superior pubic ramus
474:ala or wing of ilium
435:. Together with the
427:. The two hip bones
2020:Bones of the pelvis
1510:The Vertebrate Body
1110:in relation to the
842:gluteal aponeurosis
1909:iliopectineal line
1905:iliopubic eminence
1720:posterior inferior
1715:posterior superior
1087:that occur in the
939:obturator membrane
850:lumbodorsal fascia
725:Muscle attachments
714:
706:
660:
536:ischial tuberosity
431:each other at the
397:
340:tuberculum pubicum
114:16580 16585, 16580
27:Bone of the pelvis
1975:
1974:
1931:obturator foramen
1919:ischiopubic ramus
1833:
1832:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1710:anterior inferior
1705:anterior superior
1416:978-87-628-0307-7
1308:Innominate artery
1207:Additional images
1085:femoral fractures
927:obturator foramen
904:and part of the
890:piriformis muscle
808:multifidus muscle
761:Abdominal muscles
751:hamstring muscles
745:, muscles of the
735:abdominal muscles
635:obturator foramen
413:hyaline cartilage
395:
368:Obturator foramen
204:component of the
135:
134:
130:
16:(Redirected from
2032:
1992:
1991:
1983:
1914:linea terminalis
1898:acetabular notch
1825:no substructures
1778:
1777:
1733:
1698:
1668:
1661:
1660:
1634:
1633:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1537:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1505:
1492:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1449:"Gray's Anatomy"
1445:
1439:
1436:
1421:
1420:
1398:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1333:
1332:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1159:thyroid fenestra
1116:obstructed labor
1077:pelvic fractures
1038:Shoulder muscles
1031:sartorius muscle
947:obturator fascia
900:capsule and the
898:sacroiliac joint
896:(as well as the
832:arises from the
792:attaches to the
770:attaches to the
482:sacroiliac joint
419:. By the end of
388:Linea terminalis
249:
218:sacroiliac joint
127:edit on Wikidata
124:
42:
30:
29:
21:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1986:
1978:
1976:
1971:
1881:
1871:inferior ramus
1865:obturator crest
1856:superior ramus
1829:
1813:
1797:
1759:
1729:
1724:
1694:
1689:
1664:
1650:
1623:
1597:
1588:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1506:
1495:
1482:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1424:
1417:
1399:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1367:Merriam Webster
1361:
1360:
1356:
1330:
1327:
1318:Innominate vein
1300:
1293:
1290:
1281:
1278:
1269:
1266:
1257:
1254:
1245:
1242:
1233:
1230:
1221:
1218:
1209:
1124:
1101:
1073:
1071:Pelvic fracture
1067:
1062:
1040:
1019:
1010:semimembranosus
975:
885:
825:
823:Gluteal muscles
803:
763:
743:gluteal muscles
727:
652:
602:
590:
582:interpubic disc
578:pubic symphysis
554:
548:
540:gluteus maximus
512:
506:
459:
453:
433:pubic symphysis
383:
349:Pubic symphysis
344:
296:
262:
250:
242:
200:) comprise the
186:pubic symphysis
147:innominate bone
131:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2038:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
1997:
1996:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1933:
1925:
1916:
1911:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1875:pectineal line
1869:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1860:pubic tubercle
1854:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1818:inferior ramus
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1802:superior ramus
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1699:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1587:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1545:
1544:External links
1542:
1539:
1538:
1525:
1518:
1493:
1476:
1467:"hip fracture"
1458:
1440:
1422:
1415:
1384:
1372:
1353:
1352:
1346:Gray's Anatomy
1326:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1311:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1123:
1120:
1100:
1097:
1069:Main article:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1006:
999:semitendinosus
995:
988:semitendinosus
980:biceps femoris
978:The long head
974:
971:
970:
969:
961:
950:
943:tendinous arch
919:
909:
884:
881:
880:
879:
868:
857:
846:erector spinae
838:gluteus medius
824:
821:
820:
819:
802:
799:
798:
797:
786:
775:
762:
759:
726:
723:
651:
648:
601:
598:
589:
586:
574:inferior ramus
570:superior ramus
550:Main article:
547:
544:
525:inferior ramus
521:superior ramus
508:Main article:
505:
502:
455:Main article:
452:
449:
331:ramus inferior
322:ramus superior
241:
238:
214:axial skeleton
133:
132:
123:
117:
116:
111:
105:
104:
99:
93:
92:
87:
81:
80:
75:
69:
68:
63:
57:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2037:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1966:
1965:pelvic outlet
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1788:ischial spine
1786:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:gluteal lines
1662:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1535:
1529:
1521:
1519:0-03-910284-X
1515:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1382:
1376:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1337:public domain
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1288:
1283:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1259:
1252:
1247:
1240:
1235:
1228:
1223:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1204:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1192:also possess
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1141:In the early
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:hip fractures
1078:
1072:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
996:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
976:
966:
962:
959:
955:
951:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
918:
917:ischial spine
914:
910:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:
877:
873:
869:
866:
862:
858:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
826:
817:
813:
809:
805:
804:
795:
791:
787:
784:
780:
776:
773:
769:
765:
764:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
722:
720:
710:
703:
699:
695:
690:
686:
682:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
656:
647:
644:
641:portion. The
640:
636:
632:
627:
625:
624:pelvic outlet
621:
616:
614:
609:
607:
597:
595:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
543:
541:
537:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
511:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
458:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
393:
389:
386:
381:
377:
374:
370:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
347:
342:
341:
337:
333:
332:
328:
324:
323:
319:
315:
314:
310:
306:
302:
299:
294:
290:
287:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
265:
260:
256:
253:
246:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
210:pelvic cavity
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
157:) is a large
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
128:
122:
118:
115:
112:
110:
106:
103:
100:
98:
94:
91:
88:
86:
82:
79:
76:
74:
70:
67:
64:
62:
58:
53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1955:pelvic inlet
1824:
1730:
1696:iliac spines
1695:
1665:
1646:arcuate line
1618:
1528:
1509:
1487:
1484:"pelvimetry"
1479:
1470:
1461:
1453:the original
1443:
1406:
1402:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1334:
1328:
1198:
1171:
1158:
1147:
1140:
1125:
1102:
1074:
801:Back muscles
783:pecten pubis
781:attaches to
739:back muscles
728:
715:
683:
676:
661:
642:
630:
628:
623:
620:pelvic inlet
619:
617:
612:
610:
606:false pelvis
605:
603:
593:
591:
581:
561:
558:pubic region
557:
555:
552:Pubis (bone)
535:
529:
513:
478:arcuate line
465:
460:
457:Ilium (bone)
398:
384:
379:
372:
366:
363:
352:
345:
338:
335:
329:
326:
320:
317:
311:
308:
304:
297:
292:
285:
281:
274:
270:
263:
258:
254:
251:
183:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
136:
90:A02.5.01.001
65:
1960:pelvic brim
1850:pubic crest
1091:end of the
1003:aponeurosis
931:pelvic brim
908:and sacrum.
794:pubic crest
772:iliac crest
668:iliac crest
613:true pelvis
594:pelvic brim
588:Pelvic brim
490:iliac crest
392:pelvic brim
380:os coccygis
378:/tailbone (
163:vertebrates
151:pelvic bone
55:Identifiers
2025:Flat bones
2004:Categories
1951:Landmarks
1923:pubic arch
1893:acetabulum
1745:tuberosity
1363:"hip bone"
1325:References
1190:marsupials
1186:Monotremes
1174:therapsids
1150:amphibians
1132:lungfishes
1128:pelvic fin
1104:Pelvimetry
973:Hamstrings
741:, all the
719:childbirth
523:, and the
417:acetabulum
356:Acetabulum
301:Pubic bone
226:lower limb
177:, and the
155:coxal bone
18:Coxal bone
1927:Foramina
1675:posterior
1178:ungulates
1143:tetrapods
1065:Fractures
692:The male
572:, and an
484:with the
360:hip joint
293:os ischii
271:os sacrum
240:Structure
216:, at the
159:flat bone
1886:Compound
1750:tubercle
1685:inferior
1680:anterior
1619:hip bone
1341:page 231
1298:See also
1154:reptiles
1089:proximal
639:prismoid
472:and the
425:ossified
358:(of the
305:os pubis
282:os ilium
259:os coxae
255:Hip bone
202:skeletal
143:os coxae
139:hip bone
33:Hip bone
1994:Anatomy
1773:Ischium
1602:General
1593:of the
1552:at the
1167:ostrich
852:), the
664:centers
510:Ischium
504:Ischium
461:Ilium (
421:puberty
405:ischium
390:of the
385:Dotted.
289:Ischium
232:of the
175:ischium
167:puberty
78:D010384
50:Details
1980:Portal
1731:other:
1614:coccyx
1609:sacrum
1595:pelvis
1516:
1413:
1349:(1918)
1182:humans
1136:sharks
1108:pelvis
814:, the
702:coccyx
700:, and
698:sacrum
694:pelvis
670:, the
538:. The
519:, the
486:sacrum
463:plural
445:pelvis
441:coccyx
437:sacrum
407:, and
376:Coccyx
313:corpus
267:Sacrum
206:pelvis
194:coccyx
190:sacrum
1846:body
1839:Pubis
1755:fossa
1740:crest
1629:Ilium
1591:Bones
1405:[
1339:from
1163:birds
1112:birth
1093:femur
1049:spine
968:arch.
906:spine
562:pubis
546:Pubis
451:Ilium
409:pubis
401:ilium
278:Ilium
222:femur
198:spine
179:pubis
171:ilium
125:[
61:Latin
1781:body
1656:wing
1638:body
1514:ISBN
1411:ISBN
1199:The
1188:and
1180:and
1152:and
1134:and
1053:ribs
1051:and
1043:The
1029:The
1022:The
1008:The
997:The
963:The
952:The
921:The
911:The
888:The
859:The
828:The
806:The
788:The
777:The
766:The
629:The
618:The
611:The
604:The
592:The
568:, a
566:body
556:The
517:body
494:skin
470:body
466:ilia
439:and
429:join
252:2–4.
192:and
137:The
102:1307
85:TA98
73:MeSH
1486:at
1172:In
560:or
362:),
336:4d.
327:4c.
318:4b.
309:4a.
307:) (
284:),
273:),
234:hip
153:or
109:FMA
97:TA2
2006::
1938:/
1921:/
1907:/
1496:^
1469:.
1425:^
1387:^
1365:.
1118:.
1095:.
757:.
749:,
737:,
733:,
721:.
584:.
500:.
447:.
403:,
394:.
382:)
373:8.
371:,
364:7.
353:6.
351:,
346:5.
343:)
334:,
325:,
316:,
298:4.
295:)
286:3.
275:2.
264:1.
261:)
236:.
181:.
173:,
149:,
145:,
1982::
1583:e
1576:t
1569:v
1522:.
1419:.
1369:.
1320:)
1316:(
1310:)
1306:(
1055:.
994:;
878:.
856:.
848:(
840:(
785:.
774:.
704:.
303:(
291:(
280:(
269:(
257:(
141:(
129:]
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
