292:
283:), but Flood was wary of making his magazine too dry for popular taste, and sought variety. By 1889 the magazine changed course radically and dropped the serials that were Chautauqua's required reading, expanding with articles on history, biography, travel, politics, and literature. One section had editorial articles from national newspapers; another was the "Woman's Council Table", which excerpted articles often by famous women writers, though all this material remained required reading for the Chautauqua program. Contemporary publications regarded the magazine highly, and Mott writes, "its range of topics was indeed remarkable, and its list of contributors impressive". Flood stopped editing the magazine in 1899, and journalist Frank Chapin Bay, schooled by Chautauqua, took over; the magazine became less a general magazine and more the official organ of the organization.
203:"Circuit Chautauquas" (or colloquially, "Tent Chautauquas") were an itinerant manifestation of the Chautauqua movement founded by Keith Vawter (a Redpath Lyceum Bureau manager) and Roy Ellison in 1904. Vawter and Ellison were unsuccessful in their initial attempts to commercialize Chautauqua, but by 1907 they had found a great success in their adaptation of the concept. The program was presented in tents pitched "on a well-drained field near town". After several days, the Chautauqua would fold its tents and move on. The method of organizing a series of touring Chautauquas is attributed to Vawter. Among early Redpath comedians was
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27:
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At the turn of the 20th century, vaudeville managers began a push for more "refinement", as well as a loosening of
Victorian-era morals from the Chautauqua side. Over time, as vaudeville became more respectable, Chautauqua became more permissive in what it considered acceptable acts. The boundaries
162:
format proved popular for families and was widely copied by several
Chautauquas. Within a decade, "Chautauqua assemblies" (or simply "Chautauquas"), named for the location in New York, sprang up in various North American locations. The Chautauqua movement beginning in the 1870s may be regarded as a
89:
is often quoted as saying that
Chautauqua is "the most American thing in America". What he actually said was: "it is a source of positive strength and refreshment of mind and body to come to meet a typical American gathering like this—a gathering that is typically American in that it is typical of
237:
In Vawter's scheme, each performer or group appeared on a particular day of the program. "First-day" talent would move on to other
Chautauquas, followed by the "second-day" performers, and so on, throughout the touring season. By the mid-1920s, when circuit Chautauquas were at their peak, they
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was the subject of an increasing number of
Chautauqua sermons and lectures. But the great number of Chautauquas, as well as the absence of any central authority over them, meant that religious patterns varied greatly among them. Some were so religiously oriented that they were essentially
352:
was another notable
Chautauqua performer. She performed a variety of roles, including men and women. Gentile writes: "Potter's choice of subjects is noteworthy for its variety and for the fact that she was credible in her impersonations of men as well as of women. In retrospect, Potter's
299:
Lectures were the mainstay of the
Chautauqua. Until 1917, they dominated the circuit Chautauqua programs. The reform speech and the inspirational talk were the two main types of lecture until 1913. Later topics included current events, travel, and stories, often with a comedic twist.
473:, and so the two movements found themselves at odds. Chautauqua was considered wholesome family entertainment and appealed to middle classes and people who considered themselves respectable or aspired to respectability. Vaudeville, on the other hand, was widely considered vulgar
606:
But the
Chautauqua movement usually avoided taking political stands as such, instead inviting public officials of all major political parties to lecture, assuring a balanced program for the members of the assembly. For example, during the 1936 season at the
218:
The credit–or blame–for devising the
Frankenstein mechanism which was both to exalt and to destroy Chautauqua, the tent circuit, must be given to two youths of similar temperament, imagination, and a common purpose. That purpose, bluntly, was to "make a
259:, where Flood bought a printing shop. It printed articles about Christian history, Sunday school lessons, and lectures from Chautauqua. By the end of the decade, the magazine was printing articles by well-known authors of the day (
586:
Platform" voiced disdain for political corruption and championed the plight of the common people in the face of the rich and powerful. Other favorite political reform topics in
Chautauqua lectures included
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were gaining popularity and establishing themselves as important forms of entertainment. While Chautauqua had its roots in Sunday school and valued morality and education highly, vaudeville grew out of
227:"You're ruining a splendid movement," Gunsaulus roared at Keith Vawter, whom he met at a railroad junction. "You're cheapening Chautauqua, breaking it down, replacing it with something what [
353:
impersonations are of special interest as examples of the kind of recycling or refertilization of inspiration that occurs throughout the history of the one-person show." On a lighter note, author
85:
until the mid-1920s. The Chautauqua brought entertainment and culture for the whole community, with speakers, teachers, musicians, showmen, preachers, and specialists of the day. U.S. President
81:) is an adult education and social movement in the United States that peaked in popularity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Chautauqua assemblies expanded and spread throughout
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Independent Chautauquas (or "daughter Chautauquas") operated at permanent facilities, usually fashioned after the Chautauqua Institute in New York, or at rented venues such as in an
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stories and homespun philosophy endeared him to audiences. Other well-known speakers and lecturers at Chautauqua events of various forms included U.S. Representative
340:, the "Little Mother of the Prisons", was another popular circuit performer. Her descriptions of prison life moved her audiences to tears and roused them to reform.
555:, billed as "The Man From Vermont" and "The Old Country Fiddler", played violin, sang, performed ventriloquism and comedy, and told tall tales about life in rural
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assisted with bookings. Today, Lakeside Chautauqua and the Chautauqua Institution, the two largest Chautauquas, still draw thousands each summer season.
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204:
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574:, the AOC presented five operas in one week at the Chautauqua Amphitheater. By 1929, a permanent Chautauqua Opera company had been established.
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477:, and appealed to working-class men. There was a stark distinction between the two, and they generally did not share performers or audiences.
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279:). Strongly allied with the main organization, it had easy access to popular authors ("the big fish in the intellectual sea", according to
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183:. Such Chautauquas were generally built in an attractive semirural location a short distance outside an established town with good
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Christian instruction, preaching, and worship were a big part of the Chautauqua experience. Although the movement was founded by
328:
Get rich, young man, for money is power and power ought to be in the hands of good people. I say you have no right to be poor.
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187:. At the Chautauqua movement's height in the 1920s, several hundred of these existed, but their numbers have since dwindled.
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749:
Traveling Culture: Circuit Chautauqua in the Twentieth Century – Collection Connections – For Teachers (Library of Congress)
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551:, who played popular music, ballads, and songs from the "old country". Entertainers on the Chautauqua circuit such as
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Chautauquas can be viewed in the context of the populist ferment of the late 19th century. Manifestos such as the "
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appeared in over 10,000 communities to audiences of more than 45 million; by about 1940 they had run their course.
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format. The gatherings grew in popularity. The organization Vincent and Miller founded later became known as the
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Gould, Joseph Edward (1961): "The Chautauqua Movement". Albany, New York. State University of New York Press,
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America at its best." Several Chautauqua assemblies continue to gather to this day, including the original
20:
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were also popular. White audiences appreciated seeing African-Americans performing something other than
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A route taken by a troupe of Chautauqua entertainers, the May Valentine Opera Company, which presented
116:
527:, with four husky timpanists in leather aprons hammering on anvils shooting sparks (enhanced through
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Circuit chautauqua: from rural education to popular entertainment in early twentieth century America
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390:
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Early religious expression in Chautauqua was usually of a general nature, comparable to the later
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The most prolific speaker (often booked in the same venues with three-time presidential candidate
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Racine, Wisconsin Chautauqua presentation under a tent, July 14-23, 1911. Photo by Wright Photo.
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1588:"The Great American Forum: Chautauqua and the Chautauquas in Summer and the Lyceum In Winter"
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from the 1840s. As the Chautauquas began to compete for the best performers and lecturers,
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The Chautauqua Moment: Protestants, Progressives, and the Culture of Modern Liberalism
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611:, in anticipation of that year's presidential election, visitors heard addresses by
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Band was frequently seen on the circuit. One of the numbers Kryl featured was the "
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827:"The Daily Record: Roosevelt lauds Chautauqua as 'typical of America at its best'"
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Cast of One: One-Person Shows from the Chautauqua Platform to the Broadway Stage
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Cast of One: One-Person Shows from the Chautauqua Platform to the Broadway Stage
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Cast of One: One-person Shows from the Chautauqua Platform to the Broadway Stage
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Cast of One: One-Person Shows from the Chautauqua Platform to the Broadway Stage
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was a Chautauqua principle from the beginning, and prominent Catholics like
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Merkel, Diane on behalf of the Walton County Heritage Association (2008):
1436:"Chautauqua! Elling House hosts first Chautauqua of 2019 | The Madisonian"
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Chautauqua Opera – History. Opera.ciweb.org. Retrieved on 2011-03-28 from
106:
Postage stamp commemorating the 100th anniversary of the first Chautauqua.
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155:. Many other independent Chautauquas were developed in a similar manner.
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19:
This article is about the adult-education movement. For other uses, see
801:"What is Chautauqua? The site of the Rushdie attack has a long history"
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865:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 19.
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was a magazine founded in 1880 by Theodore L. Flood. First printed in
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684:
354:
539:. Other musical features of the Chautauqua included groups like the
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Opera became a part of the Chautauqua experience in 1926, when the
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679:, a 1969 film starring Elvis Presley, was based on the 1960 novel
570:, began touring the country. Under the direction of Russian tenor
543:, who sang a mix of spirituals and popular tunes, and singers and
214:, Victoria and Robert Case write of the new itinerant Chautauqua:
199:
Advertisement for the 1906 Tent Chautauqua at Clay Center, Kansas.
102:
854:
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Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values
514:
494:
426:
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The Grand Assembly: The Story of Life at the Colorado Chautauqua
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422:
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Traveling Culture: Circuit Chautauqua in the Twentieth Century
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May Valentine Opera Co. in Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Mikado"
1655:
903:"Lyceum movement | American education | Britannica"
55:
64:
46:
1266:. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press. p. 43.
1005:. Champaign-Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p.
393:
was one of the organizers of the Pennsylvania Chautauqua.
43:
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Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Chautauqua
661:
The Chautauqua style of teaching is a recurring motif in
271:), and serial educational material (including courses by
229:
1633:
320:" speech 5,000 times to audiences on the Chautauqua and
1683:
Chautauqua Trail, A North American Cultural Renaissance
1062:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
645:
during its 1925 "Summer Season", began on March 26 in
1538:. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
1059:
The World's Work ...: A History of Our Time Vol. XLII
497:
and other guitars, to perform at a Chautauqua in 1917
73:
61:
58:
1244:
Smith Zimmermann Heritage Museum: Chautauqua History
1216:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 53.
52:
1516:
University of Iowa Libraries, accessed: 2006-03-18.
1184:. Vol. 3. The Belknap Press. pp. 544–47.
934:"amusement-parks-gallery-1 - RockfordReminisce.com"
49:
1562:Chautauqua Centennial, a Hundred Years of Programs
400:movement. In the first half of the 20th century,
1689:
1056:Page, Walter Hines; Page, Arthur Wilson (1921):
233:] will have neither dignity nor permanence."
1676:Program catalog, 1905 Chautauqua, Rockford, IL
1099:We Called It Culture - The Story Of Chautauqua
451:
1485:
1133:We Called it Culture: The Story of Chautauqua
630:
436:, is privately owned but affiliated with the
210:Reactions to tent Chautauquas were mixed. In
1377:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
139:. Two years earlier, Vincent, editor of the
1523:. Boulder, Colorado: First Flatiron Press,
1486:Worth, Fred L.; Tamerius, Steve D. (1992).
1490:. New York: Wings Books. pp. 229–301.
1181:A History of American Magazines, 1865-1885
174:
1713:History of education in the United States
1353:. University of Illinois Press. pp.
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1276:
668:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
344:spoke on social problems and her work at
303:
1585:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1130:Case, Victoria; Case, Robert O. (1948).
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501:Music was important to Chautauqua, with
488:
389:took part. In 1892, Lutheran theologian
290:
194:
110:
101:
25:
1593:The World's Work: A History of Our Time
1574:. New York: Columbia University Press,
1425:Omaha Morning World-Herald, 5 July 1892
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1136:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. pp.
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372:
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1566:http://www.silviapettem.com/books.html
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425:tent shows with their animal acts and
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1723:Adult education in the United States
1718:Progressive Era in the United States
1666:New Piasa Chautauqua, Chautauqua, IL
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255:, the magazine soon found a home in
30:Cover of a 1917 promotional brochure
1586:Strother, French (September 1912).
1303:""The Fourth American Institution""
13:
1613:Images of America DeFuniak Springs
877:"History of Chautauqua in Florida"
456:In the 1890s, both Chautauqua and
241:
14:
1734:
1703:Evangelical Christian conferences
1627:
761:
758:Loc.gov. Retrieved on 2011-03-28.
332:
324:circuits, which had this theme:
223:Frank Gunsaulus attacked Vawter:
1174:
1096:Case, Victoria (28 March 2007).
799:Ables, Kelsey (13 August 2022).
39:
1656:Colorado Chautauqua, Boulder,CO
1510:. New York: G.P. Putman's Sons.
1498:
1479:
1472:Library website that's part of
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1393:http://opera.ciweb.org/history/
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1340:
1318:"Chautauqua "Pro" and "Contra""
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992:
967:
957:Parlette, Ralph Albert (1922).
950:
481:between the two began to blur.
131:at a campsite on the shores of
1406:"The Chautauqua Opera Company"
1277:Lehndorff, John (2023-07-06).
1102:. Chapman Press. p. 284.
925:
909:
895:
843:
818:
792:
742:
649:, and ended on September 6 in
1:
1661:Greenville Chautauqua Society
1504:Hurlbut, Jesse Lyman (1921):
974:Ohio, Lakeside (2019-03-17).
921:. M. Bailey, Publisher. 1905.
825:Cooper, George (2015-07-25).
735:
531:) across the darkened stage.
687:and Dwight Vincent Babcock.
316:, who delivered his famous "
129:New York Chautauqua Assembly
7:
1488:Elvis: His Life from A to Z
788:. 25th Anniversary Edition.
690:
452:Competition with vaudeville
286:
21:Chautauqua (disambiguation)
10:
1739:
1347:Gentile, John, S. (1989).
1073:"Uncle Cyp & Aunt Sap"
1030:Galey, Mary (1998-04-01).
631:Typical Chautauqua circuit
367:"Fighting Bob" La Follette
97:
18:
1646:The Great Lecture Library
1322:The North American Review
1316:Hibschman, Harry (1928).
1249:October 29, 2010, at the
999:Gentile, John S. (1989).
976:"The Chautauqua Movement"
365:, and Wisconsin Governor
94:in Chautauqua, New York.
1534:Gentile, John S (1989):
1464:January 5, 2016, at the
1423:People's Party Platform,
1410:Chautauqua Opera Company
493:Waikiki Hawaiians, with
484:
391:Theodore Emanuel Schmauk
1570:Rieser, Andrew (2003):
1560:Pettem, Silvia (1998):
1507:The Story of Chautauqua
1210:Tapia, John E. (1997).
862:Encyclopædia Britannica
568:Eastman School of Music
438:United Methodist Church
257:Meadville, Pennsylvania
175:Independent Chautauquas
147:teachers in an outdoor
1634:Chautauqua Institution
1615:. Arcadia Publishing,
1440:www.madisoniannews.com
1262:Gentile, John (1989).
676:The Trouble with Girls
609:Chautauqua Institution
566:, an outgrowth of the
564:American Opera Company
505:in particular demand.
498:
413:Chautauquas resembled
330:
310:William Jennings Bryan
304:The most famous speech
296:
269:Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen
235:
221:
200:
153:Chautauqua Institution
107:
92:Chautauqua Institution
31:
1156:www.gearhartseitz.com
1152:"What Was Chautauqua"
938:RockfordReminisce.com
831:The Chautauquan Daily
754:May 28, 2010, at the
613:Franklin D. Roosevelt
492:
338:Maud Ballington Booth
326:
294:
273:William Torrey Harris
261:John Pentland Mahaffy
225:
216:
198:
143:, had begun to train
141:Sunday School Journal
111:The First Chautauquas
105:
29:
1519:Galey, Mary (1981):
1514:What was Chautauqua?
647:Abbeville, Louisiana
637:Gilbert and Sullivan
553:Charles Ross Taggart
448:and mostly secular.
383:nondenominationalism
373:Religious expression
361:, Missouri Governor
212:We Called it Culture
1077:Valley Morning Star
960:The Lyceum Magazine
932:Services, DNC Web.
805:The Washington Post
778:. New York: Quill.
442:Colorado Chautauqua
440:. In contrast, the
434:Lakeside Chautauqua
253:Jamestown, New York
191:Circuit Chautauquas
117:Methodist Episcopal
1639:2020-05-10 at the
1470:University of Iowa
1176:Mott, Frank Luther
1033:The Grand Assembly
856:"Chautauqua"
657:In popular culture
549:American Quartette
499:
417:and competed with
297:
201:
108:
87:Theodore Roosevelt
32:
16:Education movement
1279:"Hearing history"
1036:. Winlock Galey.
772:Pirsig, Robert M.
697:Chautauqua Circle
578:Political context
507:John Philip Sousa
446:nondenominational
398:Moral Re-Armament
387:Catherine Doherty
363:Herbert S. Hadley
318:Acres of Diamonds
281:Frank Luther Mott
163:successor to the
137:state of New York
121:John Heyl Vincent
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883:on July 25, 2008
879:. Archived from
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663:Robert M. Pirsig
601:child labor laws
597:women's suffrage
421:in theaters and
158:The educational
123:and businessman
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710:Lecture circuit
703:Chautauqua Girl
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651:Sidney, Montana
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572:Vladimir Rosing
541:Jubilee Singers
529:special effects
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314:Russell Conwell
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160:summer camp
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1692:Categories
1604:2009-07-10
1580:0231126425
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