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324:. He tried to sail in but the strong currents prevented it, even under a full press of sails. His crew was so reduced that they could not handle the anchor so he could not easily wait for better conditions. He wrote that the seething currents led him to believe it was the mouth of a great river or a passage to another sea. Later he guessed it to be the
158:, which reached the western coast of present-day Panama in 1513. Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as all the lands touching it. This action of Balboa further solidified the Spanish claim of exclusive control over the entire west coast of North America.
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in the
Viceroyalty of New Spain (present day Mexico), the viceroy placed one of them, Bruno de Heceta, in charge of a second expedition. This expedition was to have two ships, with the second a smaller ship that could explore in shallower waters.
347:
Throughout the voyage, the crews of both vessels endured many hardships, including food shortages and scurvy. On
September 8, 1775, the ships rejoined and headed south for the return trip to San Blas.
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Confident of their claims, the
Spanish Empire did not explore or settle the northwest coast of North America in the 250 years after Balboa's claim. By the late 18th century, however, learning of
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Subsequently, Heceta returned to Spain, fighting in various naval battles against France and Great
Britain in Europe. He died there in 1807 with the rank of the lieutenant general.
150:. These two formal acts formed the basis of Spain's claim of the exclusive right to colonize all of the Western Hemisphere (excluding present-day Brazil), including all of the
173:
and
Alaskan coasts, Spain finally grew sufficiently concerned about their claims to the region and set out to determine the extent of any Russian or British encroachment.
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was unable to approach on its previous voyage. In this way the expedition could officially lay claim to the lands of northern New Spain it visited.
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193:), did not reach as far north as planned. Thus in 1775, when a small group of officers from Spain reached the Pacific port of
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and a reduced crew, Heceta discovered a large bay penetrating far inland. He was the first
European to sight the mouth of the
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378:, are named after him. In Oregon it is pronounced "Ha–SEE–Ta" and in Alaska it is pronounced "HECK–ah–Ta."
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at the helm, following its orders continuing further north up the coast, ultimately reaching a position at
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continuing north, to what is today the border between
Washington and British Columbia, Canada. The
639:"The Hezeta-Bodega Voyage of 1775: Its Significance for Spain's Presence in the Pacific Northwest"
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154:. The first European expedition to actually reach the Pacific coast was led by the Spaniard
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De San Blas Hasta la Alta
California: Los Viajes y Diarios de Juan Joseph Pérez Hernández
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At the Far
Reaches of Empire : the life of Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra
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Transactions and
Proceedings of the Geographical Society of the Pacific, Volume 4
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The Spanish claim to Alaska and the Pacific Northwest had dated back to the 1493
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By design, the vessels parted company on the evening of July 30, 1775, with the
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Historical Atlas of the Pacific Northwest: Maps of exploration and Discovery
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For honor & country : the diary of Bruno de Hezeta
480:(in Spanish). Universidad AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico. p. 35.
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On his return journey south, still with only the larger
247:, named by Heceta in response to an attack by the local
281:. There, and near a Russian settlement on present day
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572:. H. K. Beals. Portland, Or.: Western Imprints.
289:" claiming the territory. Bodega y Quadra named
16:Spanish Basque explorer of the Pacific Northwest
235:The two ships sailed together as far north as
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309:three years later in 1778 by English explorer
435:Geographical Society of the Pacific (1907).
404:Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest
285:, the Spaniards performed numerous "acts of
108:of an old Basque family, he was sent by the
124:in response to information that there were
459:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
239:(or "Point of the Martyrs"), present day
761:Spanish history in the Pacific Northwest
699:"Historylink.org: Bruno de Heceta essay"
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549:United States Department of the Interior
185:in 1774 with just one ship, the frigate
611:First approaches to the Northwest coast
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597:"Bruno Heceta Dudagoitia y de Fontecha"
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94:Bruno de Heceta (Hezeta) y Dudagoitia
474:RodrĂguez Sala, MarĂa Luisa (2006).
441:. San Francisco. pp. 108, 152.
267:Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra
540:Geographic Names Information System
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146:) and rights contained in the 1494
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716:Spanish explorers of North America
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614:. Vancouver, B.C.: J.J. Douglas.
220:) initially under the command of
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201:Heceta was given command of the
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224:. The 36-foot-long (11 m)
120:, to explore the area north of
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205:. Accompanying Heceta was the
118:Antonio MarĂa Bucareli y UrsĂşa
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277:near the present-day town of
273:on August 15, 1775, entering
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601:Real Academia de la Historia
328:. He named the entrance bay
33:Bruno de Heceta y Dudagoitia
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756:19th-century Spanish people
736:Spanish people in New Spain
637:Tovell, Freeman M. (1995).
595:MartĂn-Merás, MarĂa Luisa.
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218:Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe
152:west coast of North America
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181:A first expedition led by
96:(1743–1807) was a Spanish
566:Hezeta, Bruno de (1985).
516:. Sasquatch Books. 1999.
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183:Juan José Pérez Hernández
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676:. Vancouver: UBC Press.
670:Tovell, Freeman (2008).
655:10.1179/tin.1995.27.1.57
608:Pethick, Derek (1976).
326:Strait of Juan de Fuca
299:Puerto de los Remedios
265:, with second officer
243:in the U.S. state of
237:Punta de los Martires
156:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
148:Treaty of Tordesillas
330:Bahia de la AsunciĂłn
305:, which was renamed
222:Juan Manuel de Ayala
726:Explorers of Oregon
721:Explorers of Alaska
169:arrivals along the
128:settlements there.
751:People from Bilbao
291:Puerto de Bucareli
271:latitude 59° north
177:Pacific expedition
683:978-0-7748-5595-2
643:Terrae Incognitae
487:978-970-32-3474-5
372:Heceta Head Light
338:Entrada de Hezeta
303:Cerro San Jacinto
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524:. pp. 38-39.
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423:Tovell 2008
368:Heceta Head
351:Later years
297:, Alaska),
287:sovereignty
275:Sitka Sound
74:Nationality
710:Categories
410:References
311:James Cook
245:Washington
138:papal bull
132:Background
104:. Born in
84:Occupation
663:0082-2884
455:cite book
214:Felicidad
114:New Spain
66:Andalusia
588:11915690
447:15737543
382:See also
370:and the
318:Santiago
259:Santiago
249:Quinault
230:Santiago
207:schooner
203:Santiago
195:San Blas
187:Santiago
87:explorer
630:2686027
374:on the
212:(alias
189:(alias
167:British
163:Russian
110:viceroy
78:Spanish
68:, Spain
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359:Legacy
301:, and
263:Señora
226:Sonora
210:Sonora
106:Bilbao
98:Basque
62:Málaga
40:Bilbao
48:Spain
678:ISBN
659:ISSN
626:OCLC
616:ISBN
584:OCLC
574:ISBN
518:ISBN
482:ISBN
461:link
443:OCLC
165:and
55:Died
29:Born
651:doi
112:of
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