799:, was one of the first to describe the Soviet state's methods of high salaries and luxury benefits for promising and talented sportspeople, including chess players, along with intensive training, as part of an overall program to demonstrate the superiority of the communist system. The Soviets were maintaining that their top chess players, including the new world champion Botvinnik, were amateurs, in contrast to the chess professionals elsewhere in the world. His letter generated significant interest and controversy throughout the chess world at the time, including many replies from worldwide chess figures such as
1465:
998:, publisher Russkiya tradicia, a two-volume set of books covering Bohatyrchuk. Volume one is in Russian, a translated reprint of his 1978 book, published in San Francisco, entitled "Moi zhiznenny put k Vlasovu i Prazhskomu manifestu" (Translation from the Russian to English: "My living route to Vlasov and Prague Manifesto"). Volume two, also in Russian, covers the games of Bohatyrchuk, collected from all available contemporary sources.
703:
461:
767:
to large numbers of
Eastern Europeans. Canada became a safe haven for many Ukrainians. These policies were dictated by the exigencies of the Cold War, specifically by a hope to use some of these people in case the Cold War were to switch into a hot phase. Also, some of the immigrants had professional
987:
Except for the ill-fated
Mannheim 1914 event, Bohatyrchuk did not have the opportunity to compete in an international tournament outside Russia or the Soviet Union until near the end of World War II, and even those events came while he was a fugitive from the Soviets.
260:, Italy, while waiting for transportation to arrive, playing over one hundred games against each other. Bohatyrchuk later stated that "The enforced stay in Genoa undoubtedly did more for my chess development than the games in subsequent years with ordinary opponents."
386:, approached him and said: "You will never beat Botvinnik again!" That was indeed the case, as Bohatyrchuk never played Botvinnik again, leaving him with a lifetime score of (+3−0=1) against Botvinnik, who was, however, nearly 20 years younger. Note that the book
814:
in 1952, he was elected
Chairman of the Association of the Ukrainian Federalist Democrats, and chief editor of the press organs "Skhidnyak" and the "Federalist Democrat". He was the author of many newspaper and periodical articles on the history of ODNR
1211:
536:, Bohatyrchuk did a lot to help the Soviet prisoners of war kept in the German camps in extremely harsh conditions. These activities irritated the Germans, and in February 1942 Bohatyrchuk was arrested and spent about a month in a
941:(born 1949), who himself became a FIDE International Master in 1972, and who went on to represent Canada a national record 13 times at Chess Olympiads. Day's chess style has been influenced significantly by Bohatyrchuk.
645:, playing in German chess events under the disguised name of 'Bogenko', so as to avoid repatriation to the USSR. In March 1946, he won a 14-player round-robin for displaced persons, staged in the Allied camp at
381:
in their individual game. Bohatyrchuk has mentioned in his autobiography (printed in
Russian in San Francisco in 1978) that just after this game the head of the Soviet Chess Federation, Minister of Justice
353:(8th USSR Ch.), with 10.5/19, as Botvinnik won again. In December 1934 /January 1935, he tied for 3rd–4th at Leningrad (9th USSR Ch.), with 11.5/19, just half a point behind the joint winners
42:
248:, and N. Koppelman) were freed and allowed to return home. Some writers have asserted that Alekhine used his family's influence to arrange this; his wealthy father was a member of the
919:, becoming Canadian Correspondence Chess Champion (1963, 1964) and playing 1st board for Canada at the Correspondence Chess Olympiad (1962–1965). In 1967, he was awarded the title of
807:. Bohatyrchuk certainly won no friends in Soviet chess leadership with this activism, which shone undesired attention on their practices, while providing expert direct contradiction.
322:.com, making it one of the greatest events in chess history. Bohatyrchuk achieved a 2628 performance, according to the Chessmetrics website, which calculates historical ratings.
361:. During the mid-1930s, the Soviet Chess Federation requested that Bohatyrchuk play more frequently in top events, but he declined, due to his professional career obligations.
373:(the second Soviet-organized International Tournament), with 8/19. The event, which had 8 of the world's top 18 players, according to Chessmetrics, was won by Botvinnik and
1602:
1066:
568:
1592:
540:
detention centre in Kiev. There also exists information that, while working at the
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Bohatyrchuk provided a cover to a
787:
He received the
Barclay Medal in 1955 from the British Radiological Society. From 1960, he was an honorary member of the Canadian Radiological Society.
1527:
240:, which was interned by Germany after the declaration of war against Russia, which began World War I. In September 1914, Bohatyrchuk and three others (
953:, stated in 2017, after reviewing Bohatyrchuk's games, that "if Bohatyrchuk plays chess professionally, he could be the first Soviet world champion."
1057:
Vsevolod Rauzer vs. Fedor
Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Leningrad 1934, 9th USSR ch, Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defense, Fianchetto Variation, C76, 0–1
1552:
1460:
920:
419:
122:
633:
At the end of World War II, as the German armies were retreating, Bohatyrchuk moved on to a number of German cities, including Berlin and
590:
in 1976. The
Soviets removed many of his games from their official records, but many of them were later reclaimed using outside sources.
1617:
1637:
1627:
556:
1182:
1047:
Fedor
Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Moscow 1927, 5th USSR ch, French Defense, Winawer Advance Variation, C17, 1–0
1032:
Bohatyrchuk died in 1984 at age 91, and is buried in
Pinecrest Cemetery in Ottawa, together with his wife Olga, who died in 1990.
318:, etc. This was the first Soviet government-sponsored tournament, and had 11 of the world's top 16 players, based on ratings from
1622:
1042:
Alexander Ilyin-Zhenevsky vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Moscow 1924, 3rd USSR ch, Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz Defense, C62, 0–1
1567:
1082:
Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Frank Ross Anderson, Canadian Championship, Vancouver 1951, CAN-ch, Bird's Opening, A03, 1–0
1587:
1582:
1414:
1522:
1077:
Povilas Vaitonis vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Canadian Championship, Arvida 1949, CAN-ch, Grünfeld Defense, D93, 0–1
398:
In March 1936, he took 3rd at Kiev (8th Ukrainian Chess Championship, with 11.5/17. In July 1937, he won at Kiev (the 9th
236:, or Group II at the event). Bohatyrchuk was part of a group, along with ten other "Russian" players from the interrupted
1632:
1562:
1542:
607:
1010:, Canadian chess master and pupil of Bohatyrchuk, have argued that Bohatyrchuk served as a role model for the fictional
1512:
819:). He wrote his autobiography: "My Life Path to Vlasov and Manifesto of Prague" (published in San Francisco, 1978) (in
724:
482:
750:
508:
1478:
732:
490:
212:, etc. In 1912, he placed 3rd in the All-Russian Championship. In February 1914, he lost an exhibition game against
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1517:
544:
female employee (a sister of the Kiev master Boris Ratner), thereby saving her from execution or deportation to a
1612:
1577:
1532:
1507:
1311:
559:. When the Soviet forces counterattacked and moved into Kiev, Bohatyrchuk, together with his family, migrated to
1087:
Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Federico Norcia, Amsterdam 1954, 11th Olympiad, Ruy Lopez, Classical, C64, 1–0
406:, but he did not continue on to play at the 11th USSR Championship in 1939, although he had qualified for this.
1537:
1346:
1098:
728:
486:
237:
429:
He had married Olga Zykina (1892–1990) by 1915; the couple had one daughter, Dr. Tamara Jeletzky (1917–1998).
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1439:
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857:
315:
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Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Leningrad 1933, 8th USSR ch, Sicilian, Dragon, B72, 1–0
1072:
Elmars Zemgalis vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Regensburg 1946, Klaus Junge Memorial, English, A21, 0–1
923:
International Master, and was the top-rated correspondence player in Canada at the end of 1967, at age 75.
399:
370:
299:
292:
810:
Bohatyrchuk also wrote historical and recollection books. At the congress of the Ukrainian federalists in
256:
at this time. En route back to Russia, via Switzerland, Bohatyrchuk and Alekhine spent nearly a month in
1607:
1557:
1482:
841:
816:
17:
903:. His earlier achievements, particularly in USSR Championships, may have been sufficient for the higher
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800:
776:
These policies enabled Bohatyrchuk to emigrate to Canada in 1948, where he settled in the capital city
521:
As a radiologist, Bohatyrchuk was seconded to a German medical research facility when Kiev fell to the
311:
213:
928:
402:), with 12.5/17. In 1938, he took 2nd at Kiev (USSR Ch. semi-final), with 11/17, behind only winner
713:
622:, Bohatyrchuk played an 8-game clock simultaneous training series against local masters, including
471:
1024:, based on the novel. However, further evidence is required to confirm or refute this hypothesis.
717:
475:
269:
245:
1407:Мой жизненный путь к Власову и Пражскому манифесту (My Life Road to Vlasov and Prague Manifesto)
1062:
Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Moscow 1935, 2nd it, Four Knights, C49, 1–0
685:, a ten-player international round-robin, won by Bogoljubow. In September 1947, he took 4th at
575:. Bohatyrchuk was also the leader of the Ukrainian National Council (Ukrainśka Narodna Rada).
654:
349:
won. In 1933, he won at Moscow (Quadrangular), with 4.5/6. In September 1933, he took 8th at
872:), with 8.5/12. In 1955, he tied for 3rd–5th at Ottawa (winner was Frank Anderson, ahead of
1502:
1497:
1433:, by Emanuel Sztein and Lenny Cavallaro, Chess Life magazine, January 1984, pp. 22–23.
916:
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781:
678:
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450:
117:
8:
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and Larry Parr, San Francisco 1995, Hypermodern Publishers, chapter on Alexander Alekhine
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545:
436:, which at that time was an emerging specialty; he completed his habilitation in 1940.
415:
335:
241:
147:
1285:
Tournament book for 'Meerbeck 1946', by A.J. Gillam, published by 'The Chess Player',
662:
185:
As a youth, Bohatyrchuk sometimes traveled to chess tournaments with the great player
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189:(1850–1908), who had in 1892 narrowly lost a match for the World Championship to
763:
After the end of World War II, the US, United Kingdom, and Canada chose to give
593:
1214:
880:
409:
345:
In November 1931, he tied for 3rd–6th at Moscow (7th USSR Ch.), with 10/17, as
307:
63:
1491:
1447:
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950:
934:
chess into his early eighties, and played correspondence chess until age 85.
811:
572:
280:
1067:
Ludek Pachman vs. Fedor Bohatirchuk, Prague 1944, Sicilian Defense, B95, 0–1
956:
Bohatyrchuk, born in 1892, belonged to the same Russian chess generation as
571:, an anti-communist, collaborationist militia headed by the Russian general
443:, 1917–1922, he was employed by a military hospital, and was a professor of
302:(the first Soviet-organized International Tournament). The event was won by
193:. Chigorin trained the young player, and influenced his style and openings.
1388:
1384:
1007:
938:
650:
611:
403:
319:
288:
229:
835:
795:
Bohatyrchuk, writing in 1949 from Canada a letter to the British magazine
1011:
980:(born 1888); this group was beginning to rise to prominence prior to the
849:
674:
641:
in May 1945, as the European war drew to a close. For a time he lived in
630:, Jiri Podgorný, and Karel Průcha, scoring an overall dominant (+7−0=1).
433:
426:, and served in the Russian military, medical corps, during World War I.
253:
929:
532:, and of the Institute of Experimental Medicine. While working with the
451:
Collaboration with the anti-communist Russian forces during World War II
295:. In August–September 1924, he tied for 3rd–4th at Moscow, 3rd USSR Ch.
1286:
670:
374:
414:
Bohatyrchuk completed his high school studies in 1912. He entered the
1212:
Overall record of Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik
911:
Canadian Correspondence champion, International Correspondence Master
865:
686:
578:
As a result of these activities, which were viewed by the Soviets as
533:
522:
350:
338:. In 1927, he won at Kiev. In October 1927, he tied for 1st–2nd with
284:
276:
41:
1354:
702:
615:
560:
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393:
879:
Bohatyrchuk, in his 62nd year, also represented Canada at the 11th
646:
638:
423:
225:
169:
165:
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342:
at Moscow, 5th USSR Ch., with (+10−1=9). In 1929, he won at Kiev.
634:
579:
537:
444:
995:
845:
777:
682:
642:
619:
564:
541:
106:
991:
He was inducted into the Canadian Chess Hall of Fame in 2011.
937:
While living in Ottawa, Bohatyrchuk helped to train the young
603:
594:
Chess in Nazi-occupied Europe and American Zone of Occupation
257:
1409:(in Russian). Prague: Русская традиция (Russian Tradition).
410:
High school, family, medical education, and military service
994:
Russian chess author Sergey Voronkov published, in 2017 in
907:
title, but the Soviets blocked this for political reasons.
896:
249:
201:
197:
89:
85:
1310:
magazine, Sept. 1949, and subsequent issues; described by
637:, and finally ended up in the American-controlled city of
447:
at the Institute of Physical Education and Sport in Kiev.
390:
lists Bohatyrchuk's record against Botvinnik as (+3−0=2).
555:, and became viewed by the Soviet authorities as a Nazi
836:
Competes in three Canadian championships, 1954 Olympiad
653:, Germany. He scored 11/13, with (+10−1=2); second was
287:), 2nd USSR Championship. In 1924, he took 2nd, behind
263:
823:: Мой жизненный путь к Власову и Пражскому Манифесту,
677:
Memorial), with 7/9. In February 1947, he took 3rd at
175:
1001:
768:
skills which were of interest to the western powers.
569:
Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia
825:
Moy zhiznennyi put' k Vlasovu i Prazhskomu Manifestu
551:
At a later stage of the war, Bohatyrchuk signed the
1603:
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni
1404:
1351:
chess.ca (Chess Federation of Canada), VIPs section
180:
1327:olimpbase.org, the Fedor Bohatyrchuk results file
394:Late 1930s chess results, 1937 Ukrainian champion
1489:
1262:"The man who was Dr. Zhivago: Fedor Bohatirchuk"
598:In February 1944, he took 2nd, with 8/9, behind
330:In 1926, Bohatyrchuk wrote the first chess book
325:
689:, his last event before departing for Canada.
1405:Bohatyrchuk, Fedir; Voronkov, Sergey (2017).
1298:chessmetrics.com, the Bohatirchuk events file
1018:, and in the 1965 Academy Award-winning film
790:
784:, and the author of many scientific studies.
224:In July/August 1914, he tied for 6th–10th at
160:; 27 November 1892 – 4 September 1984) was a
155:
1241:chess.ca, VIP section, Bohatirchuk biography
1014:, as depicted in the novel of that title by
661:with 10. Later in 1946, he won, followed by
364:
123:International Master of Correspondence Chess
780:. He became a professor of medicine at the
731:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
610:). In spring 1944, he drew a match against
489:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1593:Academic staff of the University of Ottawa
1463:
1232:, Batsford publishers, London 1972, p. 233
1154:The Bobby Fischer I Knew And Other Stories
926:Bohatyrchuk stayed active in local Ottawa
528:During World War II, he was a head of the
432:He eventually graduated as a professional
272:: 1923, 1924, 1927, 1931, 1933, and 1934.
40:
1528:Ukrainian collaborators with Nazi Germany
1431:Fedor Bohatyrchuk: The Forgotten Champion
864:. In 1951, he tied for 3rd–4th places at
751:Learn how and when to remove this message
586:" in Soviet chess until the defection of
509:Learn how and when to remove this message
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
817:Liberation Movement of Peoples of Russia
771:
369:In March 1935, he tied for 16th–17th at
298:In December 1925, he took 11th of 21 at
204:) City Championship; he was followed by
890:
219:
216:at Kiev. In 1914, he took 3rd at Kiev.
14:
1490:
1259:
1553:Chess players from the Russian Empire
1244:
1006:Biography author Sergey Voronkov and
582:, Bohatyrchuk became the number one "
275:In July 1923, he tied for 3rd–5th at
1226:Botvinnik's Selected Games 1947–1970
729:adding citations to reliable sources
696:
692:
487:adding citations to reliable sources
454:
388:Botvinnik's Selected Games 1947–1970
264:Competes in six Soviet championships
608:General Government chess tournament
176:Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess
24:
1424:
1260:Schulz, André (27 November 2017).
1002:Alleged role model for Dr. Zhivago
27:Ukrainian chess player (1892–1984)
25:
1649:
1618:20th-century Ukrainian physicians
1471:
830:
1638:20th-century Canadian memoirists
1628:20th-century Canadian physicians
1479:(Fedir Bohatyrchuk fonds, R1397)
1035:
701:
681:. In May 1947, he placed 6th at
459:
181:Early chess, trained by Chigorin
1378:
1369:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1301:
1292:
1279:
1170:My Great Predecessors, Volume I
1119:"Bohatyrchuk Fedor Parfenovich"
944:
915:In his late sixties he took up
887:, playing board four (+7−5=3).
567:, in 1944. There he joined the
1623:20th-century Ukrainian writers
1477:Archives of Fedir Bohatyrchuk
1375:Bohatyrchuk and Voronkov, 2017
1336:Bohatyrchuk and Voronkov, 2017
1235:
1219:
1205:
1175:
1163:
1147:
1129:
1111:
1099:List of Eastern Bloc defectors
618:(2 : 2). In May 1944, in
13:
1:
1568:Ukrainian emigrants to Canada
1104:
196:In 1911, Bohatyrchuk won the
132:Fedir Parfenovych Bohatyrchuk
55:Fedir Parfenovych Bohatyrchuk
1588:Canadian medical researchers
1583:Canadian non-fiction writers
1141:Chess Notes by Edward Winter
842:Canadian Chess Championships
400:Ukrainian Chess Championship
371:Moscow 1935 chess tournament
326:Author, Soviet champion 1927
300:Moscow 1925 chess tournament
293:Ukrainian Chess Championship
157:Фёдор Парфеньевич Богатырчук
7:
1523:Chess International Masters
1483:Library and Archives Canada
1228:, translated and edited by
1092:
657:with 10.5, while third was
334:(Szachy, Shakhy, Chess) in
152:Федір Парфенович Богатирчук
10:
1654:
1633:20th-century chess players
1563:Soviet emigrants to Canada
1543:Chess Olympiad competitors
1187:Ralph Marconi's Chess Page
1183:"IM Fedor Bohatirchuk, MD"
949:Former world champion, GM
844:. In 1949, he took 2nd at
840:He played in three Closed
791:Political activist, writer
268:Bohatyrchuk played in six
66:→ Soviet Union (1922−1944)
1513:People from Kievsky Uyezd
1172:, by Garry Kasparov, 2003
899:granted him the title of
365:Success against Botvinnik
168:(radiologist), political
156:
151:
113:
96:
72:
59:
51:
39:
34:
1027:
270:USSR Chess Championships
164:chess player, doctor of
1573:Ukrainian chess writers
1518:Ukrainian chess players
1442:9 December 2021 at the
377:, but Bohatyrchuk beat
246:Peter Petrovich Saburov
1613:Ukrainian radiologists
1578:Canadian chess writers
1533:Canadian chess players
1508:Sportspeople from Kyiv
852:), with 7/9, ahead of
88:, Russian Empire (now
1538:Canadian radiologists
1137:"3540. The internees"
772:Professor of medicine
422:) that year to study
1548:Soviet chess players
927:
917:Correspondence chess
901:International Master
891:International Master
782:University of Ottawa
725:improve this section
679:Kirchheim unter Teck
483:improve this section
312:José Raúl Capablanca
220:Interned at Mannheim
214:José Raúl Capablanca
118:International Master
1347:"Fedor Bohatirchuk"
530:Ukrainian Red Cross
525:in September 1941.
238:Mannheim tournament
68:Canada (since 1949)
46:Bohatyrchuk in 1923
1608:Refugees in Canada
1558:Ukrainian refugees
1459:player details at
1450:about Bohatyrchuk
1357:on 21 October 2012
982:Russian Revolution
958:Alexander Alekhine
606:, Poland (the 5th
546:concentration camp
420:University of Kyiv
416:University of Kiev
242:Alexander Alekhine
162:Ukrainian–Canadian
1598:Writers from Kyiv
1457:Fedir Bohatyrchuk
1416:978-80-905145-9-1
976:(born 1891), and
970:Grigory Levenfish
761:
760:
753:
693:Settles in Canada
667:Wolfgang Unzicker
659:Romanas Arlauskas
584:persona non-grata
519:
518:
511:
441:Russian Civil War
379:Mikhail Botvinnik
355:Grigory Levenfish
347:Mikhail Botvinnik
129:
128:
35:Fedir Bohatyrchuk
16:(Redirected from
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1387:chess column by
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1230:Bernard Cafferty
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966:Peter Romanovsky
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870:Povilas Vaitonis
862:Povilas Vaitonis
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705:
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655:Lūcijs Endzelīns
553:Prague Manifesto
514:
507:
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494:
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455:
384:Nikolai Krylenko
340:Peter Romanovsky
191:Wilhelm Steinitz
187:Mikhail Chigorin
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100:4 September 1984
83:27 November 1892
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32:
31:
21:
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1444:Wayback Machine
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1425:Further reading
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1016:Boris Pasternak
1004:
978:Boris Verlinsky
974:Ilya Rabinovich
962:Efim Bogoljubow
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893:
874:Daniel Yanofsky
854:Daniel Yanofsky
838:
833:
793:
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757:
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737:
722:
706:
695:
663:Elmārs Zemgalis
624:Čeněk Kottnauer
600:Efim Bogoljubow
596:
588:Viktor Korchnoi
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412:
396:
367:
359:Ilya Rabinovich
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304:Efim Bogoljubow
291:, at Kiev, 1st
266:
222:
210:Efim Bogoljubow
206:Stefan Izbinsky
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1123:The Chesspedia
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885:Amsterdam 1954
881:Chess Olympiad
858:Frank Anderson
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831:Canadian chess
829:
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308:Emanuel Lasker
306:, followed by
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234:Hauptturnier A
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172:, and writer.
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104:(aged 91)
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64:Russian Empire
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1391:, 5 Jan. 2002
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1036:Notable games
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989:
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972:(born 1889),
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951:Boris Spassky
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741:February 2019
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710:This section
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573:Andrey Vlasov
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499:February 2019
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468:This section
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281:St Petersburg
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144:Bogatyrtschuk
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19:
1481:are held at
1452:(in Russian)
1430:
1406:
1399:Bibliography
1398:
1397:
1389:Lawrence Day
1385:Toronto Star
1380:
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1355:the original
1350:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1307:
1303:
1294:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:
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1207:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:the original
1186:
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1113:
1031:
1019:
1008:Lawrence Day
1005:
993:
990:
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948:
945:Chess legacy
939:Lawrence Day
936:
925:
914:
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878:
868:(winner was
848:(winner was
839:
824:
809:
796:
794:
786:
775:
762:
747:
738:
723:Please help
711:
651:Lower Saxony
632:
612:Stepan Popel
597:
577:
557:collaborator
550:
527:
520:
505:
496:
481:Please help
469:
438:
431:
428:
413:
404:Vasily Panov
397:
387:
368:
344:
331:
329:
320:chessmetrics
297:
289:Yakov Vilner
274:
267:
233:
230:DSB Congress
223:
195:
184:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:
102:(1984-09-04)
29:
1503:1984 deaths
1498:1892 births
1316:Chess Notes
1021:Dr. Zhivago
1012:Dr. Zhivago
905:Grandmaster
850:Maurice Fox
675:Klaus Junge
439:During the
434:radiologist
254:Nicholas II
140:Bohatirchuk
136:Bogatirchuk
18:Bogatyrchuk
1492:Categories
1287:Nottingham
1105:References
671:Regensburg
669:, etc. at
563:, then to
375:Salo Flohr
228:(the 19th
92:, Ukraine)
79:1892-11-27
1437:Interview
1266:ChessBase
984:of 1917.
895:In 1954,
866:Vancouver
712:does not
687:Stuttgart
534:Red Cross
523:Wehrmacht
470:does not
351:Leningrad
336:Ukrainian
285:Leningrad
277:Petrograd
148:Ukrainian
1440:Archived
1271:30 April
1093:See also
647:Meerbeck
639:Bayreuth
424:medicine
252:of Czar
226:Mannheim
170:activist
166:medicine
109:, Canada
821:Russian
733:removed
718:sources
635:Potsdam
580:treason
538:Gestapo
491:removed
476:sources
445:anatomy
60:Country
1413:
1289:, 2009
1197:20 May
996:Prague
860:, and
846:Arvida
778:Ottawa
765:asylum
683:Kassel
643:Munich
620:Prague
616:Kraków
565:Prague
561:Kraków
542:Jewish
134:(also
125:(1967)
120:(1954)
107:Ottawa
1446:with
1361:3 May
1308:Chess
1156:, by
1028:Death
797:Chess
604:Radom
602:, at
418:(now
258:Genoa
200:(now
114:Title
1461:ICCF
1411:ISBN
1363:2018
1314:in '
1273:2018
1199:2007
921:ICCF
897:FIDE
803:and
716:any
714:cite
474:any
472:cite
357:and
332:Шахи
250:Duma
202:Kyiv
198:Kiev
97:Died
90:Kyiv
86:Kiev
73:Born
883:at
876:).
827:).
727:by
614:at
485:by
1494::
1349:.
1264:.
1246:^
1185:.
1139:.
1121:.
856:,
665:,
649:,
626:,
548:.
314:,
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150::
146:;
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1419:.
1365:.
1318:'
1275:.
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1143:.
1125:.
815:(
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743:)
739:(
735:.
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673:(
512:)
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279:(
81:)
77:(
20:)
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