Battle of Prokhorovka

1889: 1498: 1620: 1569: 2374: 2730: 1129: 2543:

breakthrough on the southern side of the salient. As he saw it, with his III Panzer Corps about to link up with the II SS-Panzer Corps at Prokhorovka, and with the XXIV Panzer Corps available as his operational reserve, they would be halting the offensive just at the moment when victory was in hand. With an eye towards the west, Hitler was unwilling to continue the offensive. Manstein persisted, proposing that his forces should at least destroy the Soviet reserves in the southern Kursk salient before Citadel was finally terminated, so that the Soviet fighting capacity in the sector would be depleted for the rest of the summer. Hitler agreed to continue offensive operations in the southern salient until Manstein's goal was achieved.

428: 174: 49: 2398:

recorded: "Thus on 12 July, the 5th Guards Tank Army failed to accomplish its assigned mission. As a result of the frontal attack, the army's corps fought heavy battles against large enemy tank forces during which they were forced to assume defence." Rotmistrov was forced to shift the 18th and 29th Tank Corps over to defence and reinforce them with infantry. They dug more trenches, dug in some of their tanks, laid new minefields, prepared anti-tank strong points and massed their artillery. The 10th Guards Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps made preparations to push

2164:

Soviet armour, firing on the move, charged down the western slopes of Hill 252.2 into the panzer company, and a tank battle ensued. Rotmistrov's tactic to close at high speed disrupted the control and co-ordination of the Soviet tank formations and also greatly reduced their accuracy. In a three-hour battle, the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment engaged the attacking Soviet tanks and repulsed them, reporting that they destroyed about 62 Soviet tanks. Later that afternoon, tanks from the 31st Tank Brigade and the 53rd Motorised Brigade overran elements of the 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion and reached

159: 1577:

forces to arrive from the east, and he did not want his corps to be caught crossing the Psel River when they arrived. The plan originally envisioned elements of the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps joining in the attack towards Prokhorovka, but this could not be realised. The Soviet command, however, interpreted the change in direction to be a response to the heavy resistance the German forces had faced driving towards Oboyan, and incorrectly believed the change indicated the German panzer forces had been severely weakened.

2349:

failure to provide air liaison officers with Red Army forces, who were then unable to call for air support when the German assault formations first appeared. Whereas the German 8th Air Corps assembled powerful concentrations over the Prokhorovka battlefield, the 17th Air Army spread its forces thinly, to support other sectors; the Soviets dominated the air over the 4th Panzer Army's flanks, leaving the skies over Prokhorovka clear. The 2nd Air Army's fighter aviation had been reduced to 266 aircraft, and this force was used in the

1527:

subjected to frequent counterattacks from Soviet tank units. Despite this, by the end of 5 July the II SS-Panzer Corps had advanced through the first defensive belt on the southern side of the salient and reached the second, although the plan was to breach the first two belts and reach the third on the first day. Nonetheless, the panzer corps' penetration caused great concern among Soviet commanders, compelling Vatutin to commit almost all of the Voronezh Front's operational reserves by the end of the first day.

10370: 10413: 1513: 2746:, and 240 support vehicles. The document reported damaged vehicles still under repair as 143 T-34s, 56 T-70s, 7 Churchills, 3 SU-122s, and 3 SU-76s, with no figures for support vehicles. The document reported personnel casualties as 2,940 killed in action, 3,510 wounded in action, and 1,157 missing in action. This totals 334 irrevocable losses in tanks and self-propelled guns, with another 212 tanks and self-propelled guns under repair, and 7,607 casualties. The historian 2828:

plan for the 4th Panzer Army to swing from the Oboyan direction to Prokhorovka was decided as early as May 1943, well before Operation Citadel had commenced, as German planners of Army Group South had always expected an encounter between the 4th Panzer Army and Soviet reserves that would arrive at the Psel River and Prokhorovka. Other historians have corroborated those conclusions. Newton also asserts that has always been the accepted narrative in postwar literature.

1285: 2802:

never had the number of tanks and assault guns attributed to it by Soviet estimates at any point during Operation Citadel, not even at the start when it fielded only 494. Even if the definition of the battle was broadened to include the III Panzer Corps and the portion of the 5th Guards Tank Army that faced it, the total number of tanks and other heavy armoured fighting vehicles comes out at a maximum of 1,299. In contrast, for example, the

435: 2079:, was defended by the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps' 42nd and 95th Guards Rifle Divisions, which were supported by the remnants of the 31st Tank Corps and the heavily depleted 23rd Guards Rifle Corps' 52nd Guards Rifle Division. The forces of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps that were not sent south were held as reserve northwest of Prokhorovka, and they numbered about 113 tanks and self-propelled guns. 2574:, respectively. Once the link was achieved and the Soviet forces encircled, Prokhorovka would then be attacked shortly thereafter by the combined forces of the II SS-Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps. The goal of the operation was to destroy the Soviet armoured reserves massed in the southern sector of the Kursk salient, and thereby check Soviet offensive capacity for the rest of the summer. 2365:. The 8th Air Corps reported 19 aircraft damaged and destroyed. Only one German aircraft was reported lost in combat with Soviet fighters; the rest were victims of Soviet ground-fire. In return, the 2nd Air Army reported 14 fighters damaged and destroyed (German fighter pilots claimed only seven; though they claimed 16 aircraft of all types shot down). Soviet bomber losses are unknown. 2071:. On the southeastern wing of the 5th Guards Tank Army, Rotmistrov deployed the 120 tanks of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps. Later on 12 July during the battle, the 26th Guards Tank Brigade of that tank corps with its estimated 40 tanks were sent south to face the III Panzer Corps. The remainder of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps, supported by the remnants of the 2nd Tank Corps, was to attack 2685:

Corps' logistics report for 12 July did not record any confirmed permanent tank losses. Other German sources show that three tanks of the II SS-Panzer Corps (two Panzer IVs and a Tiger) that were immobilised in the battlefield could not be subsequently recovered and therefore the permanent losses can only be adjusted to a possible maximum of three tanks for 12 July. A study by the

2676:

for the Red Army in the Battle of Prokhorovka are difficult to establish. The Red Army considered any tank damaged badly enough that it could not be repaired by its crew as knocked out, even if damage could be and was repaired by higher level mechanics. This meant that Soviet tanks could be "knocked out" many times, then repaired and returned to battle.

2763:

Center for Strategy and Force Evaluation reports that the 2nd Guards, 18th and 29th Tanks Corps altogether permanently lost 144 tanks on 12 July, not including self-propelled guns. George Nipe estimates that 600–650 tanks of the 5th Guards Tank Army were damaged or destroyed while fighting both the II SS-Panzer Corps and III Panzer Corps on 12 July.

2939:, p. 321). Due to earlier combat, by 12 July the 2nd Tank Corps had few tanks left, many of which were locked in combat elsewhere outside the battlefield of Prokhorovka and out of contact with their parent headquarters. Therefore, it was reinforced with the 10th Anti-Tank Brigade and relegated to a supportive role near Prokhorovka ( 2772:

termination of Operation Citadel. For the Soviet side, the massive armoured attack of 12 July failed to destroy the II SS-Panzer Corps, but succeeded in exhausting the Germans and eventually contributed to checking their advance. Thus, neither the 5th Guards Tank Army nor the II SS-Panzer Corps accomplished their objectives for 12 July.

2824:

alter his plan disastrously by ordering the II SS-Panzer Corps to swing from northwest to the northeast towards Prokhorovka. Therefore, according to Glantz and House, the Battle of Prokhorovka was not a result of original intentions or planned for but was engendered by tactically flawed late improvisations to the original German plan.

2837:

and so the troops could not have been genuinely surprised. The German historian Dieter Brand argues that even though the German commanders expected a major Soviet armoured deployment at Prokhorovka, the frontline German troops were indeed largely taken by surprise when the Soviets counterattacked on the morning of 12 July.

2052:

Tank Corps, as well as the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps held in reserve – that faced the II SS-Panzer Corps on 12 July was about 616 tanks and self-propelled guns. In addition, five artillery regiments, one artillery brigade, and one anti-aircraft artillery division were attached to the 5th Guards Tank Army for the assault.

2151:, commander of a panzer company under the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment, stated that he knew at once a major attack was underway. He ordered his company of seven Panzer IVs to follow him over a bridge across an anti-tank ditch. Crossing the bridge they fanned out on the lower slope of Hill 252.2. On the crest of the hill, 2606:, but Trufanov, commanding the Soviet forces in the gap, was aware of the threat and conducted a fighting withdrawal. The link-up failed to trap the Soviet forces, though they abandoned a substantial number of their anti-tank guns. Operation Roland failed to produce a decisive result for the German side, and 2827:

That narrative has been disputed by the historian Steven Newton, who dedicated a section of his 2002 publication about Operation Citadel to refuting it. Using first-hand accounts of German officers who executed Operation Citadel and scrutinising Glantz's and House's sources, Newton contended that the

2710:. An estimated total of 60–80 tanks and assault guns of the II SS-Panzer Corps were damaged or destroyed in combat on 12 July. By the end of 16 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps had 292 serviceable tanks and assault guns, almost the same number it had at the beginning of the battle on 12 July. On 12 July, 2348:

German domination of the Prokhorovka air space occurred for several reasons. During the initial stages of the battle it was Soviet tanks that were hit and burned, obscuring the battlefield which made it difficult for Soviet commanders to develop a clear picture of the situation. Added to that was the

2082:

Vatutin directed Soviet air assets to commit their main effort towards checking the III Panzer Corps' drive northward, and in supporting the attack against the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps. Missions were flown in support of the attack of the 5th Guards Tank Army as well, but to a limited extent. The 2nd Air

1761:

were also to advance eastward to the high ground south of Prokhorovka, then turn south away from Prokhorovka to roll up the Soviet defences opposing the III Panzer Corps' advance and force a gap. The 8th Air Corps was to concentrate its effort to supporting the advance of the II SS-Panzer Corps, with

2814:

High figures for tanks lost during the battle have been widely attributed to the Germans, but these are incorrect. For example, Rotmistrov in his postwar accounts of the battle stated that the Germans lost 350–400 tanks, including 70 Tigers, and 3,500–10,000 soldiers on 12 July, and a Soviet General

2801:

Comparing Soviet and German archives, the total number of tanks and other heavy armoured fighting vehicles such as assault guns and self-propelled guns deployed by the 5th Guards Tank Army and the II SS-Panzer Corps around Prokhorovka during the battle numbered only about 910. The II SS-Panzer Corps

2601:

2nd SS-Panzer Regiment fought off a series of counterattacks and forced the Red Army units to withdraw eastward to a new line. Zhukov ordered the 10th Guards Mechanised Brigade of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps to reinforce the line. The 7th Panzer Division of the III Panzer Corps made contact with

2486:

The 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion attacked the defensive positions held by the 42nd Guards Rifle Division and the remaining armour of the 18th Tank Corps, while the panzer units attacked the defences of the 9th Guards Airborne Division and 29th Tank Corps. These German attacks were repelled

1849:

on the night of 11 July, and was about 18 kilometres (11 mi) southeast of Prokhorovka, and advancing northwards. This threat jeopardised Rotmistrov's entire plan by threatening the flank and rear of the 5th Guards Tank Army. Early on 12 July, Vatutin ordered Rotmistrov to send reinforcements to

1559:

On the following day, 9 July, a meeting of the commanders of the German forces on the northern side of the Kursk salient concluded that a breakthrough on the northern side of the salient was unlikely. Nevertheless, they decided to continue their offensive to maintain pressure and inflict casualties,

1555:

and Kursk. On the same day, the Soviet units counterattacked the II SS-Panzer Corps with several tank corps. These attacks did not destroy the panzer corps as hoped, but slowed its progress. By the end of 8 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps had advanced about 29 kilometres (18 mi) and broken through

2836:

Some historians state that the German troops did not expect the Soviet armoured counterattack and were taken by surprise on 12 July. However, other historians have stated or argued that the German commanders were aware of or at least anticipated the Soviet armour that was massing around Prokhorovka

2701:

Archival data of the II SS-Panzer Corps shows that the corps had 294 operable tanks and assault guns on the evening of 11 July, and 251 on the evening of 13 July. Allowing for the possibility that some repaired tanks were returned to service on 13 July, these numbers indicate that at least 43 tanks

2432:

On the night of 12 July, Vatutin ordered Soviet forces to prevent any further German advance on Prokhorovka, destroy German forces that had advanced along the northern bank of the Psel River, and stop the III Panzer Corps from making further progress. Orders issued by the German command for 13 July

2389:

had captured Hill 226.6 and advanced along the northern bank of the Psel River to reach the Kartashyovka–Prokhorovka road, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northwest of Prokhorovka in accordance with plan. It was in position to outflank the Soviet forces at Prokhorovka, but was under pressure from Soviet

2248:

The 2nd and 17th Air Armies flew 893 sorties compared to the German 8th Air Corps's 654 sorties over the southern part of the salient. Of note, most of the Soviet sorties flown that day were flown against the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west and the III Panzer Corps to the south. Low clouds in the

2109:

State Farm. The Soviet forces began a preparatory artillery barrage at around 08:00, and as the last shells fell at 08:30, Rotmistrov radioed the code words "Stal! Stal! Stal!" ("Steel, Steel, Steel!") – the order to commence the attack. With that the Soviet armour of the 5th Guards Tank Army began

2059:

by its fresh 29th and 18th Tank Corps that had been brought up from the Soviet strategic reserve. These two Soviet tank corps together provided the greatest number of tanks in the attack, with the 18th Tank Corps fielding 190 tanks and self-propelled guns, and the 29th Tank Corps fielding 212 tanks

1537:

Late on 6 July, the 5th Guards Tank and 5th Guards Armies of the Steppe Front began moving up from their reserve position. The 5th Guards Tank Army covered the 320–390 kilometres (200–240 mi) over three days, and arrived at the Prokhorovka area on the night of 9 July, and the 5th Guards Army's

2823:

The historians David M. Glantz and Jonathan House asserted that the original intention of the 4th Panzer Army command was to drive northwards, with its two panzer corps driving abreast towards Oboyan and then Kursk but that on 9 July, heavy Soviet resistance along the road to Oboyan forced Hoth to

2697:

light tanks or German assault guns if any. Archival files of the II SS-Panzer Corps and 4th Panzer Army show that the II SS-Panzer Corps permanently lost 17 tanks and assault guns from 12 to 23 July inclusive, which therefore represents the maximum permanent losses the unit could have incurred for

2675:

methodology for counting and reporting equipment losses. Only equipment that could not be repaired or that had to be abandoned were counted as losses, but damaged equipment that could be recovered and repaired were simply listed as such. Likewise, reliable figures for tank and personnel casualties

2412:

representative, in order to assume control of coordinating the operations of the Voronezh and Steppe Fronts. A commission was dispatched to investigate the cause of the high losses and the role of Rotmistrov and his plans in the battle; its findings were completed and submitted to Stalin two weeks

2163:

As Ribbentrop's tanks spread out, he and the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment were suddenly confronted by Soviet tanks of the 29th Tank Corps' 31st and 32nd Tank Brigades: "About 150–200 meters in front of me appeared fifteen, then thirty, then forty tanks. Finally there were too many of them to count." The

6391: – This report, commissioned by the Soviet General Staff in 1944, was designed to educate the Red Army on how to conduct war operations. It was classified secret until its declassification in 1964, and was later edited and translated to English by Orenstein and Glantz. Its original title was 2771:

Debate exists over the significance and outcome of the battle. The German forces destroyed many Soviet tanks and temporarily degraded the striking power of the 5th Guards Tank Army, but they were unable to take Prokhorovka or break through into open ground before developments elsewhere forced the

2397:

On the Soviet side, all the tank units under Rotmistrov's 5th Guards Tank Army involved in the battle on 12 July suffered heavy losses. Rotmistrov later wrote that the 29th Tank Corps lost 60 per cent of its armour and the 18th Tank Corps lost 30 per cent on 12 July. A Soviet General Staff report

2344:

State Farm, but due to continuous air attacks, they were unable to advance any further and shifted to the defence." The tank brigade also reported: "our own air cover was fully absent until 13:00." The 5th Guards Tank Army reported: "the enemy's aircraft literally hung above our combat formations

2051:

as well. Not all of the 5th Guards Tank Army was present in the Prokhorovka area during the battle, as part of the formation had been sent south to check the advance of the III Panzer Corps. The Soviet armour of the 5th Guards Tank Army – including the newly attached 2nd Guards Tank Corps and 2nd

1580:

Soviet intelligence reports issued from 8 to 9 July reported that defensive works were being constructed by German infantry on the flanks of the 4th Panzer Army, and that German armoured formations were not present in these locations, despite the fact that Soviet armoured formations were situated

2762:

estimate that the whole 5th Guards Tank Army lost at least 400 tanks in its attacks on 12 July. The Soviet historians Grigoriy Koltunov and Boris Soloviev estimate about 300 tanks and self-propelled guns of the 5th Guards Tank Army were damaged or destroyed on 12 July. The study by the US Army's

2737:

A document prepared on 17 July 1943 by the 5th Guards Tank Army headquarters summarised the combat losses incurred by the formation from 12 to 16 July inclusive for all of its five corps, as well as smaller units directly subordinated to the army headquarters. The document reported the following

2141:

were not slated to go into action until later in the day. Exhausted from the previous week's fighting, many were just starting their day at the outset of the attack. As the Soviet armour appeared, German outposts all across the corps' frontage began firing purple warning flares signalling a tank

2775:

While the battle is generally considered a tactical success for the German side due to the high numbers of Soviet tanks destroyed, in the wider perspective the Soviets successfully completed their defensive operation at Prokhorovka and created the conditions for their decisive counteroffensive,

2684:

The II SS-Panzer Corps reported 842 soldiers killed, wounded, or missing for 12 July, and 2,672 for 12 to 16 July inclusive. Since the German forces controlled much of the Prokhorovka battlefield until 17 July, they were able to recover most of their disabled armoured vehicles. The II SS-Panzer

2217:

The advance of Soviet armour down Hill 252.2 was disrupted when they reached the anti-tank ditch at the base of the hill. A number of tanks crashed into the 15-foot deep ditch while others moved along the edge looking for a way to cross. Heavy fire was exchanged between the Soviet tanks and two

1576:

On the evening of 9 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps was ordered to shift its own forward progress, from due north to the northeast, towards the settlement of Prokhorovka. Hoth had formulated this move, and had discussed it with Manstein since early May, as he expected large Soviet armoured reserve

1704:

advance had disrupted Rotmistrov's preparations, as the assembly areas he intended to use for the tank army's 18th and 29th Tank Corps were in German hands by the end of the day, forcing him to hastily revise his plans and select new positions. The arrival of the 5th Guards Tank Army just days

2190:

left flank, and faced off with the 18th Tank Corps' advancing 181st Tank Brigade. In a three-hour battle the Tigers engaged the Soviet tanks at ranges from 1,000 metres down to point-blank, inflicting heavy losses on the Soviet tankers and repelling their attack. None of the Tigers were lost.

1842:, respectively. However, the bulk of the air support was committed in support of Soviet units attacking the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west of Prokhorovka and the III Panzer Corps to the southeast, and only limited numbers of aircraft were available to support 5th Guards Tank Army's attack. 1526:

launched its attack on the morning of 5 July 1943 and met heavy resistance. There were far more Soviet anti-tank guns, minefields, anti-tank ditches and overall Soviet resistance than had been anticipated, making a breakthrough more difficult to achieve. Furthermore, from the outset they were

2797:

The battle has been widely described as the largest tank engagement or battle in military history, involving 1,200–1,500 tanks and sometimes up to 2,000, but this is incorrect as the battle did not involve that many tanks. The exaggerated figures originated from erroneous Soviet intelligence

2542:

Kluge welcomed the decision, as he was already in the process of withdrawing units of the 9th Army from the northern side of the Kursk salient to deal with Soviet attacks on his flank. But Manstein was greatly disappointed. He argued that his forces were now on the verge of achieving a major

1262:

from capturing Prokhorovka and breaking through the third defensive belt, the last heavily fortified one. Having failed to achieve his objective, Hitler, despite the advice of his commanders, cancelled Operation Citadel and began redeploying his forces to deal with new pressing developments

2191:

Elements of the 170th Tank Brigade later engaged the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment, which was already fighting the 31st and 32nd Tank Brigades. Despite losing its commander and about 30 tanks in the fight, by early afternoon the 170th Tank Brigade had forced the 1st SS-Panzer Regiment back to the

1784:

The 5th Guards Army and 5th Guards Tank Army of the Steppe Front had been brought up from reserve and reassigned to the Voronezh Front on 8 and 11 July respectively. On 11 July, Vatutin ordered the armies of the Voronezh Front to go over to the offensive on the following day. This Soviet

2959:

Two of the 5th Guards Mechanised Corps' four brigades – the 10th, 11th and 12th Guards Mechanised Brigades, and the 24th Guards Tank Brigade – were sent south to block the III Panzer Corps, leaving only its 10th Guards Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades near Prokhorovka on 12 July

2780:, just as planned. Ultimately there was no German breakthrough at Prokhorovka or elsewhere in the Kursk salient, becoming the first time in the Second World War that a major German offensive was halted before it could break through enemy defences and penetrate into their operational or 2405:

Stalin was very disappointed and infuriated by the early reports of heavy Soviet losses in the battle and on the evening of 12 July, he berated Rotmistrov via a phone call. The same evening, he dispatched Zhukov, who had been overseeing Operation Kutuzov, to Vatutin's headquarters as

1967:

area into north and south. The bulk of the division was positioned to the north of the rail line, including the division's 1st SS-Panzer Regiment and 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment, as well as its reconnaissance, artillery and command units. To the south of the rail line was

1813:

and Tiger tanks possessed by the II SS-Panzer Corps. In actuality there were no Ferdinands with the 4th Panzer Army or Army Group South, as they were all deployed on the northern side of the Kursk salient with the 9th Army. Soviet tank crews frequently mistook the versions of

2902:

The 5th Guards Tank Army was transferred from the control of the Steppe Front to the Voronezh Front on 11 July. All of its subordinate corps as of 12 July are listed below; but the divisions, regiments and battalions directly subordinate to the Army's Headquarters are not

2815:

Staff study of the Battle of Kursk reported that the Germans lost 300 tanks, 20 assault guns and over 4,500 soldiers in the battle from 12 to 16 July inclusive. However, archival data of the German units involved show that much lower losses were incurred during the battle.

2753:

Adding up the 12 July losses of the 5th Guards Tank Army's component units, historian Valery Zamulin found 3,563 personnel losses, of which 1,505 were killed and missing, and 340 tanks and self-propelled guns damaged or destroyed. For equipment damaged or destroyed,

1718:

Late on the evening of 11 July, Hausser, the commander of the II SS-Panzer Corps, issued orders for the next day's advance on Prokhorovka. It was known that the Red Army had dug in many anti-tank guns on the southwest slopes of Prokhorovka, making a direct attack by

1369:

The German offensive plan envisioned an assault at the base of the Kursk salient from both the north and south, with the intent of enveloping and destroying the Soviet forces in the salient. The two spearheads were to meet near the city of Kursk. From the south, the

2798:

estimates of German armour reported during and after the battle, and subsequent postwar accounts that repeated this erroneous narrative. Some Soviet estimates reported figures as high as 800 German tanks and assault guns attacking Prokhorovka on 12 July.

1869:, and the 53rd Guards Tank Regiment of the 5th Guards Tank Army. Other units of the Voronezh Front also joined the group on its way south. In doing so, Rotmistrov committed over half of his army's reserves before the Battle of Prokhorovka had begun. 1670:), crossed a 15-foot (4.6 m)-deep anti-tank ditch at the base of Hill 252.2 and seized the hill itself after a brief but bloody battle, leaving them only 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of Prokhorovka. To its northwest, the panzergrenadiers of 2810:

involved over 2,000 tanks, up to 6,000 tanks over the duration of the battle, engaged in combat over a 70-kilometre (43 mi) front. Nonetheless, the Battle of Prokhorovka is still regarded as one of the largest tank battles in military history.

2557:

After the meeting with Hitler on 13 July, Manstein hastily put together the plans for Operation Roland, realising that he only had a few days to conduct the operation before he lost the II SS-Panzer Corps due to redeployment. The plan called for

1581:

opposite these flanks. Voronezh Front headquarters supposed the Germans must be reaching their limit, and on 10 July decided to set its counterattack to coincide with the planned Soviet counteroffensive on the northern side of the Kursk salient,

61:

are in blue; the red dashed line shows the position of Soviet forces directly opposing the SS-Panzer Corps. The black dashed line is the railway running from Prokhorovka southwest through the Psel corridor (the strip of land between the

1419:. The German offensive, originally slated to commence in the beginning of May, was postponed several times as the German leadership reconsidered and vacillated over its prospects, as well as to bring forward more units and equipment. 1214:, had learned of the German intentions and so used the delay to prepare a series of defensive belts along the routes of the planned German offensive. The Soviet leadership also massed several armies deep behind their defences as the 2577:

The orders for Operation Roland were issued in the closing hours of 13 July 1943. But after meeting with Manstein, Hitler countermanded the XXIV Panzer Corps' deployment to the Kursk salient, sending them on 14 July to support the

1705:

earlier was detrimental to it in two major ways: the tank unit commanders did not have an opportunity to reconnoitre the terrain they would be travelling across, and the supporting artillery was unable to site and spot their fire.

2357:

role. The battle of Prokhorovka absorbed the 8th Air Corps' combat power to the extent it was unable to intervene to support the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps, enabling Soviet defences to defeat the attempted breakthrough in that sector.

1253:

on the northern side and a coinciding one on the southern side. On the southern side of the salient near Prokhorovka, the 5th Guards Tank Army engaged the II SS-Panzer Corps of the 4th Panzer Army, resulting in a large clash of

2118:

In total, about 500 tanks and self-propelled guns of the 5th Guards Tank Army attacked the positions of the II SS-Panzer Corps on 12 July, doing so in two waves, with 430 tanks in the first echelon and 70 more in the second.

1560:

thereby tying down the Soviet forces there. Any level of success for Operation Citadel now depended on a breakthrough being achieved by the 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf on the southern side of the Kursk salient.

2175:

lines of communication and the division's command post located at Hill 241.6. The Soviet tanks attacked the division's 1st SS-Panzer Artillery Regiment, killing some of the crews before they themselves were destroyed by

1331:

and some senior Soviet officers wanted to seize the initiative first and attack the German forces inside the Soviet Union, but they were convinced by a number of key commanders, including the Deputy Supreme Commander

1350:

that would give up terrain and allow the Soviet units to advance, while the German forces launched a series of sharp counterattacks against their flanks to inflict heavy attrition. But for political reasons, German

6462:. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Vol. V: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944. London: Naval & Military Press. 1336:, to assume a defensive posture instead. This would allow the German side to weaken themselves in attacking prepared positions, after which the Soviet forces would be able to respond with a counteroffensive. 2877:), but the main tank engagement occurred on 12 July. On 9 July, the order to attack Prokhorovka was issued to the II SS-Panzer Corps, and the attack towards the town began the following morning on 10 July ( 1822:

anti-tank gun, which also had extra armour added to their turret, for Tigers; therefore Soviet reports tended to overestimate the number of Tigers employed by the German side during the Battle of Kursk.

1789:

on the northern side, Operation Kutuzov. Vatutin ordered Rotmistrov to destroy the German forces near Prokhorovka with his 5th Guards Tank Army, without allowing the German forces to withdraw southward.

1296:, and the deployment of Soviet and German forces ahead of the operation. The blobs of red dashed lines show the position of Soviet reserves upon their arrival. The map shows the starting position of the 2060:

and self-propelled guns. Infantry support to the 18th and 29th Tank Corps was provided by the 9th Guards Airborne Division. A portion of the 18th Tank Corps was directed against the eastern flank of

2535:

on the northern side of the Kursk salient on 12 July, and the attacks by strong Soviet forces at Prokhorovka the same day had caused Hitler to stop the offensive and begin redeploying forces to the

1270:

on the southern side and continuing Operation Kutuzov on the northern side. The Soviet Union thus seized the strategic initiative on the Eastern Front, which it held for the rest of the war.

1422:

The Soviet leadership, through their intelligence agencies and foreign sources, learned about the German intentions, and therefore the multiple delays by the German army high command, the

1200:

by attacking and breaking through the base of the salient from north and south simultaneously. The German offensive was delayed several times because of the vacillation of the leadership (

2633:

and 1st Panzer Army. In the early afternoon of 17 July, Operation Roland was terminated with an order for the II SS-Panzer Corps to begin withdrawing from the Prokhorovka sector back to

1805:

medium tanks would be able to quickly close in and obtain effective flanking shots against the German heavy tanks. In fact, Soviet intelligence had greatly overestimated the numbers of

1766: 2885:, pp. 337, 341). And on 17 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps was ordered to suspend all action in the Prokhorovka area and begin withdrawing out of the Kursk salient back to Belgorod ( 2232:

were lost in the fighting, some destroyed in ramming the much heavier Soviet tanks in an effort to stop them. Eventually, due to heavy Soviet pressure and dangerously exposed flanks,

1208:

tanks could be delivered to the front, hoping that a technical advantage would help him win the offensive) and the addition of more forces and new equipment. The Soviet high command,

2495:

was ordered to abandon their positions northwest of Prokhorovka and return to tenable positions around Hill 226.6. Soviet attempts to sever the narrow salient were unsuccessful, and

2105:

1st SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment nudged forward and drove the Soviet infantry out of Storozhevoe, while elements of the division's 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment fanned out from the

347: 2345:

throughout the entire battle, while our own aircraft, and particularly the fighter aviation, was totally insufficient." The 36th Tank Brigade lost its commander to an air attack.

2218:

companies of a panzergrenadier battalion on the opposite side of the ditch. Peiper's surviving panzergrenadiers engaged the Soviet infantry and attacked the Soviet tanks with

2935:

The 2nd Tank Corps was initially not part of the 5th Guards Tank Army, but was transferred from the control of the Southwestern Front to the 5th Guards Tank Army on 11 July (

2610:

began withdrawing from its positions north of the Psel, following orders issued late on 15 July, as the II SS-Panzer Corps assumed a defensive stance along its entire front.

2195:

State Farm and reached the position of the 1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion. At around 18:00, the 170th and 181st Tank Brigades penetrated the German line connecting

10438: 443: 2098:

headquarters started receiving reports of the sound of many tank engines as the Soviet tanks moved into their assembly areas for the attack. At around 06:50, elements of

8941: 8686: 2460:

On the morning of 13 July, the 10th Guards Mechanised and 24th Guards Tank Brigades, in cooperation with the 95th and 52nd Guards Rifle Corps, launched attacks against

8294: 1674:

had achieved a bridgehead across the Psel and tanks had been brought across, but they had yet to take Hill 226.6 and there was a 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) gap between

10292: 8310: 1539: 478: 342: 327: 8630: 427: 8233: 8205: 7349: 6501: 10271: 8950: 8637: 7771: 2122:

Down from the slopes in front of Prokhorovka, the massed Soviet armour charged with five tank brigades of the 18th and 29th Tank Corps, firing as they came at

9253: 8616: 7925: 7550: 6094: 2686: 2536: 1960:

had advanced the most deeply towards Prokhorovka and was situated in the centre of the German position. A railway line, with a 30-feet high railbed, divided

1470:, formed the strategic reserve. It was to be held back east of the salient until the time was right for the Soviet counteroffensive. This formation included 1225:, was to launch counteroffensives once the German strength had dissipated. The 5th Guards Tank Army was the primary armoured formation of the Steppe Front. 8266: 8212: 7398: 6240: 1596: 1542:

arrived at the settlement on the night of 10 July. Both armies completed their journey and deployment intact without any substantial interference from the

264: 8723: 8219: 7835: 1534:. They eventually succeeded by the morning of 6 July, but the delay in their advance kept them from protecting the east flank of the II SS-Panzer Corps. 1572:

A German soldier inspects a T-34 tank knocked out at Pokrovka that is still smoldering. Pokrovka is 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Prokhorovka.

10443: 7245: 1551:

Slow progress by the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps caused Hoth to shift elements of the II SS-Panzer Corps on 8 July to aid the XXXXVIII Corps' drive towards

8609: 8056: 7932: 337: 302: 7010: 10463: 7909: 7289: 8346: 7658: 3006:

The 10th Tank Corps was transferred from the control of the 5th Guards Army to the Voronezh Front on 7 July, and to the 1st Tank Army on 8 July (

1358:

insisted that the German forces go on the offensive, choosing the Kursk salient for the attack. On 15 April 1943 he authorised preparations for

8165: 7467: 10164: 1793:

For the battle, Rotmistrov ordered his tanks to move forward at high speed to engage the German armour in order to nullify the advantages the

1234:

launched its offensive. On the northern side of the salient, the German forces bogged down within four days. On the southern side, the German

8957: 8920: 8897: 8418: 7340: 7310: 2285:

twin-engined ground-attack aircraft, both equipped with 30 mm (1.2 in) anti-tank cannon. In particular, the Hs 129 formations from

471: 8672: 1845:

Rotmistrov's plans for a counterattack were threatened by events to the south. The III Panzer Corps managed to cross the Northern Donets at

9050: 8906: 8890: 8862: 8110: 7317: 1888: 2249:

morning and thunderstorms in the afternoon inhibited air operations over Prokhorovka for both sides. Over the Prokhorovka battlefield the

1530:

The III Panzer Corps met with stiff resistance as well and had great difficulty creating and maintaining a bridgehead across the Northern

9807: 8874: 8786: 8730: 8693: 7975: 1055: 1865:, which consisted of the 26th Guards Tank Brigade from the 2nd Guards Tank Corps, the 11th and 12th Guards Mechanised Brigades from the 1497: 8779: 7511: 7055: 2668:

Losses for 12 July are difficult to establish for either combatant. Tank losses attributed to the German side vary, in part due to the

2390:

attacks and its hold on the forward ground was tenuous. Forced onto the defensive by the attacks of the 2nd Guards and 2nd Tank Corps,

2031:

The main Soviet armoured formation involved in the battle was the 5th Guards Tank Army, which controlled five corps, two of which were

1619: 645: 103: 10285: 8913: 7303: 7261: 1568: 5835: 2373: 10134: 7953: 7727: 7490: 7356: 7167: 6232: 6121: 6097:) and directed by Walter J. Bauman, using data collected from military archives in Germany and Russia by The Dupuy Institute (TDI). 2729: 2487:

by concentrated anti-tank artillery fire. The 29th Tank Corps responded with a counterattack and penetrated German lines, reaching

2035:, by 12 July: the 2nd Guards, 2nd, 5th Guards Mechanised, 18th and 29th Tank Corps. Altogether they fielded 793 tanks and 37 to 57 2014:

to provide some flank protection. The unit was, later on 12 July, buttressed by the division's four remaining Tigers, commanded by

805: 800: 464: 5529: 2784:. With the end of Operation Citadel, the strategic initiative permanently swung over to the Soviet Union for the rest of the war. 10458: 9029: 8826: 7863: 7363: 7275: 7211: 2637:. The 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf anticipated the order and began executing it as early as the evening of 16 July. 2475:

1st SS-Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion was ordered to attack northward towards the Psel River to consolidate its front line with

1104: 515: 2527:

on the night of 9–10 July, combined with the Soviet counteroffensive of Operation Kutuzov against the flank and rear of General

9232: 8744: 7594: 7132: 6682: 6084: 2622: 795: 2590:

struck out for the high ground south-west of Pravorot, evicting the remnants of the 2nd Guards Tank Corps from the village of

2582:

to the south. The assault began at 04:00 on 14 July. Following a brief artillery barrage, the 4th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment

2452:

was to consolidate and strengthen its front line and prepare for an offensive operation to link up with the III Panzer Corps.

2437:

to consolidate its gains of the previous day and then attack into the flank and rear of the Soviet forces around Prokhorovka.

2075:. Their infantry support was provided by the 183rd Rifle Division. The western flank of the 5th Guards Tank Army, which faced 1662:

had advanced deep into the Soviet third defensive belt. They had moved up the Psel corridor, cleared Soviet resistance at the

10468: 9828: 9733: 9260: 9006: 8881: 7967: 7941: 7798: 7504: 7421: 6876: 6857: 6816: 6792: 6770: 6724: 6670: 6651: 6632: 6613: 6557: 6534: 6440: 6421: 6365: 6342: 6323: 6304: 6285: 6198: 6172: 6149: 6110: 6073: 1448:

emplacements were created; behind those were an additional three belts, which were mostly unoccupied and less fortified. The

783: 10061: 9468: 9354: 8519: 7986: 7982: 7960: 7564: 6984: 2993:, p. 167). The other corps – the 32nd Guards Rifle Corps – was deployed further west, in the battlefield near Oboyan ( 2214:

repelled the Soviet attack and re-established the line, forcing the Soviet tanks to withdraw to the village of Andreyevka.

1324:(mud) season came to an end in 1943, both the German and Soviet commands considered their plans for future operations. The 1109: 640: 505: 10478: 10453: 9976: 9440: 8772: 8758: 7971: 7030: 2915:

The 2nd Guards Tank Corps was initially not part of the 5th Guards Tank Army. It was transferred from the control of the

2418: 1215: 896: 606: 510: 10185: 10054: 9932: 9510: 9225: 9176: 8934: 8489: 7741: 7580: 7428: 7282: 866: 6509: 4335: 10433: 10301: 9183: 9155: 8972: 8554: 8273: 8240: 6966: 6943: 6838: 6743: 6587: 6490: 6467: 6384: 6093:– A study of the southern sector of the Battle of Kursk conducted by the US Army Concepts Analysis Agency (under the 2614: 1942:

were 77, 95, and 122 tanks and assault guns respectively. Ten of the Tigers were to the north of the Psel River with

871: 761: 662: 7456: 7076: 2385:

still held Hill 252.2, but had been exhausted by the effort of turning back five Soviet tank brigades. To its left,

2340:, reported: "We suffered heavy losses in tanks through enemy artillery and aircraft. At 10:30 our tanks reached the 1404:, commanded by von Manstein. Air support over the southern portion of the offensive was provided by Colonel General 10338: 9496: 9433: 8568: 8404: 7527: 2777: 1610: 1589: 1267: 1128: 1099: 851: 846: 616: 280: 272: 8081: 2257:

Stukas, including a small number of the G-2 variants, experimentally equipped with twin 3.7 cm (1.5 in)

539: 9862: 9703: 9692: 9528: 9287: 9246: 9139: 9077: 8464: 7734: 7603: 7571: 6244:. Soviet Army Studies Office Combined Arms Center Combat Studies Institute (CSI Report No. 11). Ft. Belvoir, VA. 1878: 1114: 1048: 8251: 7819: 10473: 10248: 10220: 10098: 9891: 9128: 8579: 8505: 8301: 7672: 7391: 7296: 7181: 1305: 922: 766: 2377:

German troops during a lull in the fighting during Operation Citadel on the southern side of the Kursk salient

10308: 10241: 10192: 10123: 9948: 9454: 9405: 9169: 9162: 8765: 8526: 8317: 7370: 2618: 1735:

was ordered to make a limited advance and secure Storozhevoe and Lamki just outside Prokhorovka, then it and

1003: 993: 883: 635: 4347: 4262: 4260: 4258: 10382: 10278: 9653: 9614: 8533: 8368: 8353: 8280: 8259: 8077: 7755: 7541: 7534: 7518: 7229: 7188: 7160: 3027:

from the very first day. Its subordinate units present at the Battle of Prokhorovka were already depleted (

2130: 1901: 1785:

counterattack on the southern side of the Kursk salient was planned to coincide with the offensive against

1636: 1393: 1156: 1144: 956: 711: 674: 579: 488: 89: 54: 36: 2183:

Wittmann's group of four Tigers provided support to the reconnaissance battalion in its effort to protect

10345: 9669: 9621: 9239: 9211: 9064: 8679: 8658: 8179: 7842: 7748: 7238: 7014: 4255: 2083:

Army had some 472 aircraft operational on 12 July, while the 17th Air Army had 300 operational aircraft.

1926:. On the evening of 11 July, the serviceable armour strength of the II SS-Panzer Corps was 294 tanks and 1866: 1522: 1453: 1325: 317: 3010:, p. 324). Only its 11th Motorised Rifle Brigade was in the battlefield of Prokhorovka on 12 July ( 10448: 10403: 10143: 9639: 9558: 9503: 9391: 9347: 8997: 8623: 8547: 8449: 8326: 8198: 8191: 8151: 8124: 7856: 7789: 7384: 7195: 7125: 6277: 1644: 1041: 988: 950: 716: 352: 2989:, p. 323). Of the army's two corps, only this one was present on the battlefield of Prokhorovka ( 1731:–Prokhorovka road, and then strike southeast into the flank and rear of Soviet forces at Prokhorovka. 1258:. The 5th Guards Tank Army suffered significant losses in the attack, but succeeded in preventing the 10045: 9962: 9747: 9607: 9579: 9412: 9317: 9107: 8540: 7614: 7268: 2562:

to attack east and south and link up with the III Panzer Corps, which would attack to the northwest.

2524: 1588:

Starting on the morning of 10 July, the II SS-Panzer Corps began its attack towards Prokhorovka. Its

1255: 983: 591: 559: 534: 7812: 6973:– Comprehensive description of Soviet and German troop movements based on Soviet and German archives 6220: 1308:("5. GA"). Prokhorovka (not shown) is 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Pokrovka ("Pokrowka"). 9784: 9761: 9013: 8814: 8807: 8471: 8131: 8103: 8096: 7483: 1855: 1690:

had also met stiff resistance and lagged behind some 4 kilometres (2.5 mi). With its advance,

902: 694: 7828: 7805: 2702:

and assault guns became inoperable during this period, which includes all ten Tigers belonging to

2039:

for a total of approximately 840 armoured fighting vehicles. About two-thirds of these tanks were

1651:, the 2nd Guards Tank Corps and the 48th Rifle Corps' 183rd Rifle Division opposed the advance of 10206: 10150: 10020: 9880: 9565: 9218: 9114: 9020: 8588: 8456: 8426: 8390: 8375: 8247: 8139: 8117: 8063: 8049: 8031: 7695: 7476: 7204: 7153: 6190: 2718: 2300: 1424: 1416: 1313: 961: 778: 740: 728: 611: 596: 6663:

Demolishing the Myth: The Tank Battle at Prokhorovka, Kursk, July 1943: An Operational Narrative

2007: 9898: 9791: 9593: 9544: 9447: 9340: 9310: 9093: 8981: 8707: 8498: 8089: 8070: 8040: 7587: 7557: 6807: 6738:. Cass Series on the Soviet (Russian) Study of War. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass). 2803: 2750:

argued that the majority of the losses reported in the document must have occurred on 12 July.

2441:

was to strengthen its front line and co-ordinate its attack on Prokhorovka from the south with

2293: 1858:

Armies facing the III Panzer Corps. He organised a task force under the command of his deputy,

856: 829: 706: 549: 2985:, which was transferred from the control of the Steppe Front to the Voronezh Front on 8 July ( 2144: 2016: 48: 10389: 10112: 9955: 9851: 9821: 9777: 9517: 9482: 9475: 9398: 9296: 8737: 8714: 8561: 8172: 7709: 7449: 7435: 7118: 4599: 2479:, while the division's panzer units were to attack towards Soviet positions northeast of the 2148: 1397: 1371: 1239: 834: 823: 574: 307: 8007: 7059: 5538:, pp. 531–532, outlines various figures proposed by various historians since the 1970s. 4097: 2160:'s 3rd Panzergrenadier Battalion of the 2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment were being overrun. 1400:

was to protect Hoth's right flank. The 4th Panzer Army and Army Detachment Kempf were under

10213: 10068: 9719: 9676: 9646: 9572: 9382: 9361: 8287: 7764: 7442: 2916: 2807: 2711: 2630: 2532: 2421: 2286: 2240:

State Farm and established firmer defensive lines 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the south.

1773: 1627:

The II SS-Panzer Corps continued its attack towards Prokhorovka on 11 July. The advance of

1486: 1340: 1301: 1164: 889: 771: 722: 528: 291: 2861:

Historians attribute varying periods between 9 and 17 July as the duration of the battle (

2512: 2491:

State Farm before being beaten back by direct fire from German artillery. That afternoon,

554: 8: 10417: 10331: 10105: 9983: 9939: 9461: 8595: 8361: 7888: 7718: 7702: 7651: 7096: 2002:

3rd SS-Panzer Regiment had largely crossed over the Psel in preparation for the assault.

966: 932: 877: 6479:

Kursk: The German View: Eyewitness Reports of Operation Citadel by the German Commanders

6253: 6129: 5977: 10324: 10157: 10082: 10036: 10006: 9914: 9754: 9419: 9303: 9197: 9148: 9086: 8842: 8793: 8602: 8226: 7881: 7679: 6699: 6270: 6208: 6182: 6062: 2747: 2036: 1471: 1382: 1343: 1297: 1197: 1172: 976: 937: 917: 912: 810: 585: 373: 258: 58: 2333:

flew 248 attack missions, virtually all of them in support of the II SS-Panzer Corps.

2153: 10315: 10199: 10089: 10029: 9990: 9923: 9905: 9871: 9814: 9768: 9712: 9537: 9275: 9267: 9204: 9057: 8651: 8183: 7644: 7623: 7333: 7038: 6962: 6939: 6872: 6853: 6834: 6812: 6788: 6766: 6739: 6720: 6703: 6666: 6647: 6628: 6609: 6583: 6553: 6530: 6486: 6463: 6436: 6417: 6380: 6361: 6357: 6338: 6319: 6300: 6281: 6245: 6194: 6168: 6145: 6106: 6069: 4383: 3024: 2508: 2414: 2361:

The posture, dispositions and tactics on 12 July led to few losses on either side in

2327: 2315: 2310: – down from 1,071 on 5 July, but the small Ju 87G contingent proved effective. 2306:, made their weakest contribution to the Kursk operation since the 5 July – 150 2278: 2274: 2225: 1697:

Late on 11 July the 5th Guards Tank Army prepared for its forthcoming counterattack.

1582: 1375: 1363: 1293: 1289: 1250: 1189: 1133: 1089: 1079: 861: 689: 6088: 2270: 10234: 10227: 10171: 9835: 9600: 9586: 9489: 9426: 9377: 9190: 9043: 8990: 8800: 8751: 8665: 7895: 7872: 7405: 6920: 6895: 6850:

From the Don to the Dnepr: Soviet Offensive Operations, December 1942 – August 1943

6802: 6780: 6691: 6597: 6546:

Decision in the Ukraine: German Panzer Operations on the Eastern Front, Summer 1943

6128:(in German) (6). Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung und Sport. Archived from 4371: 3528: 2629:

and Donets Rivers against the southern wing of Army Group South, pressing upon the

2552: 2129:

positions. As the Soviet tanks rolled down the slopes, they carried the men of the

2020: 1835: 1769: 1482: 1429: 1401: 1182: 1094: 1015: 1009: 998: 971: 907: 815: 668: 657: 630: 622: 601: 544: 413: 237: 224: 7414: 6925: 6908: 6899: 1516:

The extent of the German advance during Operation Citadel (red dashed line arrows)

10257: 9969: 9884: 9842: 9740: 9683: 9551: 9333: 9324: 8853: 8435: 8411: 7665: 6826: 6695: 6572: 6549: 6455: 6228: 6164: 5236: 2982: 2781: 2755: 2579: 2354: 2337: 2282: 1851: 1839: 1750:

was to attack the main Soviet defences on the southwest slope of Prokhorovka. To

1478: 1464: 1456: 1441: 1279: 1235: 1193: 1160: 1065: 1020: 927: 789: 754: 679: 569: 332: 297: 242: 219: 32: 10369: 6994: 1405: 208: 10264: 9800: 9726: 7778: 7637: 6644:

Thunder at Prokhorovka: A Combat History of Operation Citadel, Kursk, July 1943

6265: 6187:

The Eastern Front 1943–1944: The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts

3612: 2759: 2516: 2362: 2350: 2220: 2157: 2048: 1862: 1647:, and the 11th Motorised Rifle Brigade of the 10th Tank Corps. To the south of 1639:

and 301st Anti-Tank Artillery Regiment, both from the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps.

1632: 1474: 1449: 1347: 1243: 733: 564: 312: 229: 4162: 2919:

to the 69th Army on 10 July, and then to the 5th Guards Tank Army on 11 July (

1976: 1428:(OKH), allowed them a great deal of time to prepare their defences. Employing 10427: 10075: 8000: 7849: 7688: 6680:

Zamulin, Valeriy (2012). "Prokhorovka: The Origins and Evolution of a Myth".

6579: 6567: 6482: 6249: 2413:

later, and initially considering sacking Rotmistrov and hauling him before a

2254: 1859: 1831: 1819: 1798: 1445: 1386: 1333: 1328: 118: 105: 5585: 1908:

The German forces involved in the Battle of Prokhorovka were from the three

10374: 10178: 8478: 8383: 8014: 7377: 7141: 6605: 6009: 2528: 2520: 1827: 1826:

Soviet air support in the southern part of the salient was provided by the

1765: 1728: 1531: 1508:

on the southern side of the Kursk salient at the start of Operation Citadel

1460: 1409: 1389: 1378: 1355: 1222: 1201: 1152: 684: 200: 195: 179: 164: 97: 93: 63: 40: 6527:

Blood, Steel, and Myth: The II.SS-Panzer-Korps and the Road to Prochorowka

1432:, they constructed a series of defensive lines to wear down the attacking 10013: 9999: 9661: 8337: 8158: 8143: 7497: 7080: 6936:

The Panzers of Prokhorovka: The Myth of Hitler's Greatest Armoured Defeat

6886:

Töppel, Roman (2021). "The Battle of Prokhorovka: Facts Against Fables".

6137: 6085:

Kursk Operation Simulation and Validation Exercise – Phase II (KOSAVE II)

5761: 5759: 5209: 4630: 4609: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4398: 2591: 2314:

liaison officers allotted to German ground forces were able to guide the

2177: 2134: 2032: 1927: 1897: 1727:

to capture Hill 226.6, and advance northeast along the Psel River to the

1246:. They made slow but steady progress through the Soviet defensive lines. 367: 6433:

Zitadelle: The German Offensive Against the Kursk Salient 4–17 July 1943

6414:

Zitadelle: The German Offensive Against the Kursk Salient 4–17 July 1943

6087:(Report). Bethesda, MD: US Army Concepts Analysis Agency. Archived from 1512: 1249:

After a week of fighting, the Soviets launched their counteroffensives:

9368: 9121: 9100: 7993: 7326: 7254: 6602:

Armor and Blood: The Battle of Kursk, The Turning Point of World War II

6451: 5665: 5493: 2229: 1623:

Vehicles of II SS-Panzer Corps advancing towards Prokhorovka on 11 July

1501: 1467: 1385:, forming the left and right wings of the 4th Panzer Army commanded by 1319: 5756: 5619: 5617: 4395: 4311: 1762:

the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps to the west assigned limited air resources.

1616:

defended the panzer corps' flank from Soviet armoured counterattacks.

9631: 9036: 8833: 8644: 8442: 8397: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5002: 5000: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4469: 4467: 4344:, pp. 48, 105–106, reports 793 tanks and 57 self-propelled guns. 2694: 1910: 1893: 1815: 1544: 1505: 1437: 1284: 1230: 1177: 700: 7918: 6665:. Translated by Stuart Britton. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company. 5911:, p. 535, mentions 6,000 tanks over the duration of the battle. 5411: 5409: 4359: 4072: 4070: 4068: 3677: 1352: 7902: 7630: 5614: 2690: 2634: 1846: 1168: 5568: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5121: 5119: 4997: 4464: 4356:, pp. 151, 328, reports 793 tanks and 37 self-propelled guns. 2468:

and prevented it from attacking towards Prokhorovka. Around noon,

2055:

The main attack of the 5th Guards Tank Army was conducted against

1975:

1st SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment, along with the division's 1st SS-

1643:

was resisted by the 31st Tank Corps, the 33rd Guards Rifle Corps'

1033: 5406: 4524: 4065: 3336: 2717:

of the 8th Air Corps reported 11 aircraft damaged, all by Soviet

2265: 1987:, and it protected the southern flank of the II SS-Panzer Corps. 1806: 1794: 1606: 1205: 5811: 5433: 5131: 3816: 3633:, p. 90, this places it at 28 km at the end of 7 July. 3624: 456: 8512: 7110: 5950: 5938: 5926: 5914: 5783: 5268: 5155: 5143: 5116: 5048: 5012: 4826: 4497: 4126: 4010: 3998: 3804: 3109: 2739: 2698:

the engagement on 12 July up till the end of Operation Roland.

2408: 2307: 2258: 1552: 1433: 1210: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5680: 5546: 5544: 5336: 5334: 5184: 5182: 5094: 5092: 5090: 4759: 4757: 4732: 4730: 4664: 4662: 4649: 4647: 4645: 4541: 4539: 4514: 4512: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4269:, p. 287, information on the specific names of the units. 4150: 3756: 3576: 3564: 3540: 3504: 3396: 3073: 3071: 8700: 5967: 5965: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4116: 4114: 4112: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3746: 3744: 3492: 3264: 3182: 3180: 2743: 1786: 1595:

attacked across the Psel River and secured a bridgehead. The

1339:

Strategic discussions also occurred on the German side, with

1148: 5771: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5288: 3348: 3324: 3228: 3192: 3099: 3097: 2792: 2738:

irrecoverable losses: 222 T-34s, 89 T-70s, 12 Churchills, 8

2292:

inflicted grievous losses on Soviet tanks. The Stuka wings,

6833:. London; Portland, OR: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass). 6025: 5823: 5720: 5708: 5677: 5641: 5541: 5505: 5469: 5457: 5331: 5319: 5179: 5167: 5087: 5060: 4915: 4913: 4898: 4886: 4838: 4754: 4727: 4659: 4642: 4575: 4536: 4509: 4485: 4443: 4426: 4323: 3935: 3889: 3887: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3552: 3068: 2626: 2044: 2040: 1802: 1492: 5962: 5604: 5602: 5600: 4973: 4620: 4618: 4182: 4109: 4034: 4022: 3988: 3986: 3966: 3911: 3840: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3665: 3456: 3432: 3372: 3177: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3151: 2652:, and the division was hastily redeployed to Italy, while 2539:. He ordered his generals to terminate Operation Citadel. 1242:

on its eastern flank, attacked the Soviet defences of the

57:

on the eve of the engagement of 12 July. Positions of the

6377:

The Battle for Kursk 1943: The Soviet General Staff Study

5285: 5256: 5036: 5024: 4961: 4949: 4925: 4686: 3636: 3288: 3094: 2660:

were dispatched south to meet the new Soviet offensives.

2507:

On 13 July Hitler summoned Manstein and the commander of

1188:

In April 1943, the German leadership began preparing for

5309: 5307: 5226: 5224: 5199: 5197: 5077: 5075: 4910: 4793: 4781: 4769: 4289: 4287: 3884: 3792: 3780: 3693: 3648: 3600: 3588: 3480: 3444: 3312: 3057: 3055: 3053: 2818: 2394:

was unable to conduct its planned offensive manoeuvres.

6449: 6393:

Collection of Materials for the Study of War Experience

5902: 5868: 5866: 5799: 5696: 5597: 5556: 5481: 5346: 5215: 5104: 4985: 4850: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4615: 4587: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4049: 3983: 3148: 1746:

attack had disrupted the Soviet positions, after which

1266:

The Red Army went on a general offensive by conducting

7772:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

6354:

Operation Barbarossa: Hitler's Invasion of Russia 1941

6037: 5997: 5732: 5653: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4138: 4087: 4085: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3874: 3872: 3859: 3857: 3855: 3468: 2455: 2277:, attacked the Soviet formations. They were joined by 406:

340 tanks and self-propelled guns destroyed or damaged

10401: 6403: 5890: 5878: 5744: 5629: 5445: 5394: 5382: 5370: 5358: 5304: 5221: 5194: 5072: 4742: 4715: 4563: 4551: 4414: 4299: 4284: 4272: 3609:, pp. 68, 279, map on page 68 shows 18–20 miles. 3420: 3360: 3276: 3050: 1930:, which included 15 Tigers. The armoured strength of 1204:

repeatedly delayed launching the attack so that more

6450:

Molony, C. J. C.; Flynn, F. C.; Davies, H. L. &

6272:

When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler

5863: 4937: 4874: 4862: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4698: 4674: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4046: 3923: 3899: 3828: 3768: 3705: 3516: 3408: 3384: 3300: 3252: 3240: 3204: 2857: 2855: 2594:

following house-to-house and hand-to-hand fighting.

2010:

in the 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) gap between it and

1563: 6909:"A Visual Examination of the Battle of Prokhorovka" 6763:

Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War

5517: 5421: 4236: 4224: 4106:, pp. 196–197, photo caption in picture pages. 4082: 3947: 3869: 3852: 3216: 3136:

Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, pp. 193, 200, 202-04

2689:attributed six permanent tank losses, not counting 2502: 1155:, during the Second World War. Taking place on the 6733: 6571: 6269: 6095:US Army's Center for Strategy and Force Evaluation 6061: 5841: 5765: 5671: 5591: 5579: 5499: 5415: 5006: 4530: 4479: 4408: 4341: 4317: 4076: 3822: 3630: 3115: 3039: 3037: 2965: 2940: 2890: 2870: 2687:US Army's Center for Strategy and Force Evaluation 2570:were to anchor the western and northern flanks of 1292:(blue arrows) to cut off the Kursk salient into a 6959:Prokhorovka – The Unknown Battle of the Great War 6831:Soviet Operational Art: In Pursuit of Deep Battle 6785:The Wehrmacht Retreats: Fighting a Lost War, 1943 6405:Sbornik materialov po izucheniyu opyta voyny № 11 6337:. Hoboken, NJ: Taylor & Francis (Routledge). 4805: 4199: 2852: 1459:, defended the southern face of the salient. The 390:43–80 tanks and assault guns destroyed or damaged 10425: 6717:Prokhorovka: The Unknown Battle of the Great War 3078: 2427: 10439:Battles and operations of the Soviet–German War 6955:Прохоровка – неизвестное сражение великой войны 6397:Сборник материалов по изучению опыта войны № 11 6375:Glantz, David M.; Orenstein, Harold S. (1999). 6374: 6124:[60 years ago: Prokhorovka (Part II)]. 5920: 5018: 4380:, pp. 171–172, reports 35 Churchill tanks. 3534: 3342: 3034: 2417:, Stalin eventually changed his mind after the 2026: 1883: 7011:"Maps of the Battle of Prokhorovka, July 1943" 6713:Прохоровка. Неизвестное сражение Великой войны 6314:Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan M. (2004) . 6233:"Soviet Defensive Tactics at Kursk, July 1943" 6142:Kursk: The Greatest Battle: Eastern Front 1943 3023:The 23rd Guards Rifle Corps bore the brunt of 2787: 1797:tanks had in the range and firepower of their 1196:and destroying the Soviet forces in the Kursk 447:Location of Prokhorovka within European Russia 170: 66:and a tributary of the Northern Donets River). 7126: 6852:. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass). 6734:Zetterling, Niklas; Frankson, Anders (2000). 6622: 6379:. London: Taylor & Francis (Frank Cass). 6295:Glantz, David M.; House, Jonathan M. (1999). 6015: 5849: 1436:formations. Three belts made up of extensive 1317: 1049: 472: 434: 6574:Russia's War: A History of the Soviet Effort 6502:"Kursk Reconsidered: Germany's Lost Victory" 6318:. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 6299:. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 3645:, pp. 8.5–8.6, places it at 23 km. 2981:The 33rd Guards Rifle Corps was part of the 1300:, the initial redeployment positions of the 16:Part of Battle of Kursk, World War II (1943) 6869:The War Aims and Strategies of Adolf Hitler 6313: 6294: 6263: 5956: 5944: 5932: 5845: 5829: 5817: 5726: 5647: 5511: 5463: 5439: 5340: 5325: 5279: 5188: 5173: 5161: 5149: 5137: 5125: 5098: 5066: 5054: 4892: 4844: 4832: 4763: 4736: 4653: 4636: 4605: 4581: 4545: 4518: 4503: 4491: 4458: 4437: 4389: 4353: 4329: 4266: 4193: 4168: 4156: 4132: 4103: 4040: 4028: 4016: 4004: 3977: 3917: 3846: 3810: 3762: 3750: 3671: 3618: 3582: 3570: 3546: 3510: 3462: 3438: 3402: 3378: 3354: 3330: 3294: 3234: 3198: 3103: 3028: 3011: 3007: 2990: 2986: 2969: 2944: 2936: 2920: 2886: 2878: 2866: 2368: 1779: 1713: 7133: 7119: 6625:Field Marshal von Manstein: The Janus Head 4392:, p. 328, reports 31 Churchill tanks. 3062: 1147:, 87 kilometres (54 mi) southeast of 1056: 1042: 479: 465: 47: 10444:Battles of World War II involving Germany 7056:"Kursk and Prokhorovka, July 1943 (maps)" 6924: 6623:Stein, Marcel; Fairbank, Gwyneth (2007). 6596: 6241:US Army Command and General Staff College 6100: 4955: 4931: 4919: 4904: 4692: 4668: 4120: 3992: 3171: 3145:Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, pp. 466-67 2955: 2953: 2911: 2909: 2793:Size of the tank battle and German losses 2515:, to his Eastern Front headquarters, the 2253:gained control of the air. Formations of 155: 7077:"The Battle of Kursk: Myths and Reality" 6993:] (in Russian). 1998. Archived from 6933: 6906: 6787:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. 6641: 6126:Österreichische Militärische Zeitschrift 6068:. St. Paul, MN: MBI Publishing Company. 5991: 5899:, p. 43, mentions over 2,000 tanks. 5853: 3017: 2931: 2929: 2728: 2663: 2372: 1887: 1764: 1618: 1567: 1511: 1496: 1493:German advance leading up to Prokhorovka 1283: 1127: 10464:Tank battles involving the Soviet Union 6961:] (in Russian). Moscow: Khranitel. 6952: 6760: 6710: 6679: 6660: 6181: 6059: 6031: 6019: 5987: 5908: 5872: 5857: 5805: 5777: 5714: 5702: 5690: 5608: 5550: 5535: 5487: 5475: 5352: 5246: 5110: 4856: 4624: 4593: 4144: 3941: 3735: 3723: 3699: 3687: 3558: 3474: 3450: 3426: 3186: 2862: 2499:completed its withdrawal by nightfall. 2006:placed its lightly armed 1st SS-Panzer 1159:, the engagement was part of the wider 10426: 8980: 8958:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 7074: 6888:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 6885: 6866: 6847: 6825: 6779: 6683:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 6646:. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company. 6627:. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company. 6476: 6351: 6332: 6227: 6122:"Vor 60 Jahren: Prochorowka (Teil II)" 6103:Kursk – The Air Battle: July 1943 6082: 6003: 5971: 5896: 5623: 5562: 5451: 3683: 3642: 3366: 3282: 3258: 3000: 2950: 2906: 2203:. Assault guns and panzers supporting 1556:the first and second defensive belts. 9829:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 9261:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 8907:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 8863:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 7968:Rape during the occupation of Germany 7114: 6801: 6566: 6430: 6411: 6144:. London: Headline Publishing Group. 6136: 6119: 6064:Kursk: The Greatest Tank Battle, 1943 5983: 5884: 5789: 5750: 5635: 5400: 5388: 5376: 5364: 5313: 5298: 5262: 5250: 5230: 5203: 5081: 5042: 5030: 4979: 4967: 4748: 4721: 4569: 4557: 4420: 4377: 4305: 4293: 4278: 4218: 4172: 4059: 3929: 3905: 3893: 3834: 3798: 3786: 3774: 3711: 3659: 3621:, p. 130, map shows 18–20 miles. 3606: 3594: 3522: 3498: 3486: 3414: 3390: 3318: 3306: 3270: 3246: 3222: 3210: 3127:Zamulin, Demolishing the Myth, p. 207 2994: 2975: 2961: 2926: 2882: 2819:Impetus for the attack at Prokhorovka 2318:units to carry out pinpoint attacks. 1914:divisions of the II SS-Panzer Corps: 1037: 460: 409:3,563 men killed, wounded and missing 8951:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 7983:Rape during the liberation of France 6543: 6524: 6499: 6158: 6043: 5793: 5738: 5659: 5523: 5427: 5242: 4991: 4943: 4880: 4868: 4820: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4709: 4680: 4365: 4249: 4230: 4176: 4091: 3960: 3878: 3863: 3044: 2874: 2721:, of which 6 were total write-offs. 2113: 1801:. He believed the more manoeuvrable 6719:] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza. 6335:Soviet Military Intelligence in War 2546: 2464:. These Soviet attacks preoccupied 2456:Further fighting around Prokhorovka 1991:was positioned to the northwest of 1694:was exposed on both of its flanks. 1635:, which had been reinforced by the 1063: 393:842 men killed, wounded and missing 53:Soviet and German deployments near 13: 9177:German invasion of the Netherlands 7457:Weather events during World War II 7053: 7033:Kursk 1943: A Statistical Analysis 6754: 6736:Kursk 1943: A Statistical Analysis 6105:. Hersham, UK: Chevron/Ian Allan. 3079:§ Misconceptions and disputes 2831: 2281:single engine fighter-bombers and 1872: 1834:, commanded by Lieutenant General 14: 10490: 9808:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 6986:Прохоровское сражение (июль 1943) 6977: 6460:The Mediterranean and Middle East 6435:. Stroud, UK: The History Press. 6416:. Stroud, UK: The History Press. 3537:, p. 228, gives 320 km. 3525:, p. 296, gives 390 km. 1723:very difficult. The plan was for 1666:("October") State Farm (Russian: 1564:German attack towards Prokhorovka 1415:and its major air formation, the 486: 10411: 10368: 7140: 6529:. Stamford, CT: RZM Publishing. 4368:, p. 39, reports 850 tanks. 2778:Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev 2503:Termination of Operation Citadel 2483:State Farm towards Prokhorovka. 2210:6th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment 2067:6th SS-Panzergrenadier Regiment 2047:light tanks, with some 31 to 35 1611:2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Division 1597:1st SS-Panzergrenadier Division 1590:3rd SS-Panzergrenadier Division 1288:Map showing the German plan for 1268:Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev 1143:was fought on 12 July 1943 near 555:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 433: 426: 396:19 aircraft destroyed or damaged 281:3rd SS-Panzergrenadier Division 273:2nd SS-Panzergrenadier Division 265:1st SS-Panzergrenadier Division 172: 157: 6913:Journal of Intelligence History 6052: 3139: 3130: 3121: 2644:tanks were distributed between 1983:was positioned to the south of 1879:Battle of Kursk order of battle 1818:tanks that were armed with the 10459:Tank battles involving Germany 10055:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 7765:Territorial changes of Germany 7673:Indonesian National Revolution 6991:Prokhorovka battle (July 1943) 6500:Nipe, George (February 1998). 6189:. Vol. VIII. Oxford, UK: 6060:Barbier, Mary Kathryn (2002). 5842:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5766:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5672:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5592:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5580:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5500:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5416:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 5007:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4639:, p. 188, in Moscow Time. 4531:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4480:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4409:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4342:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4318:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 4077:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 3823:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 3631:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 3116:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 2966:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 2941:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 2896: 2891:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 2871:Zetterling & Frankson 2000 1: 9455:Japanese invasion of Thailand 9406:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 9170:German invasion of Luxembourg 7551:Mediterranean and Middle East 6926:10.1080/16161262.2019.1606545 6900:10.1080/13518046.2021.1990559 2840: 2428:Following the main engagement 2243: 1599:Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler 1585:, which was set for 12 July. 1392:, would drive northward. The 1273: 267:Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler 10469:Tank battles of World War II 9362:Invasion of the Soviet Union 9051:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 8369:Independent State of Croatia 6871:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. 6696:10.1080/13518046.2012.730391 6161:Kursk: Hitler's Gamble, 1943 6101:Bergström, Christer (2007). 5626:, pp. 5.1–5.4, 8.5–8.6. 3088: 3063:§ Casualties and losses 2228:. Twenty of his battalion's 2131:9th Guards Airborne Division 2027:Disposition of Soviet forces 1884:Disposition of German forces 1772:, commanding officer of the 1637:9th Guards Airborne Division 1312:After the conclusion of the 139: 7: 10346:End of World War II in Asia 10186:Western invasion of Germany 9693:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 9670:Second Battle of El Alamein 9240:Hundred Regiments Offensive 9212:Battle of the Mediterranean 9065:Italian invasion of Albania 7239:Air warfare of World War II 7075:Licari, Michael J. (2004). 6811:. New York: Penguin Books. 6404: 5921:Glantz & Orenstein 1999 5019:Glantz & Orenstein 1999 3535:Glantz & Orenstein 1999 3343:Glantz & Orenstein 1999 2788:Misconceptions and disputes 2733:Destroyed Soviet T-34, 1943 2448:attack from the northwest. 2043:, while the remainder were 1867:5th Guards Mechanised Corps 1708: 318:5th Guards Mechanised Corps 10: 10495: 10479:History of Belgorod Oblast 10454:July 1943 events in Europe 10272:Naval bombardment of Japan 9640:First Battle of El Alamein 9559:Battle of Christmas Island 9504:Japanese invasion of Burma 9268:Italian invasion of Greece 9184:German invasion of Belgium 9156:German invasion of Denmark 9129:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 8998:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 7262:Comparative military ranks 6953:Zamulin, Valeriy (2006). 6278:University Press of Kansas 3014:, pp. 166, 195, 417). 2766: 2550: 2419:Chief of the General Staff 1876: 1645:95th Guards Rifle Division 1277: 1256:armoured fighting vehicles 353:95th Guards Rifle Division 10361: 10193:Bratislava–Brno offensive 10133: 10124:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 9861: 9748:Allied invasion of Sicily 9702: 9608:Aleutian Islands campaign 9580:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 9527: 9518:Greek famine of 1941–1944 9413:Second Battle of Changsha 9318:German invasion of Greece 9286: 9163:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 9138: 9076: 8971: 8852: 8578: 8488: 8336: 8039: 8030: 7788: 7613: 7505:North and Central Pacific 7466: 7228: 7221: 7148: 6711:Zamulin, Valeriy (2017). 6661:Zamulin, Valeriy (2011). 6396: 6016:Stein & Fairbank 2007 5850:Stein & Fairbank 2007 5594:, pp. 105, 110, 247. 2724: 2679: 2525:Allied invasion of Sicily 2268:, that were commanded by 2086: 1667: 1075: 496: 421: 379: 360: 251: 186: 149: 70: 46: 30: 25: 10434:1943 in the Soviet Union 9785:Allied invasion of Italy 9762:Solomon Islands campaign 9511:Third Battle of Changsha 9108:First Battle of Changsha 9014:Second Sino-Japanese War 7954:German military brothels 7820:United States war crimes 6985: 6954: 6642:Schranck, David (2013). 3501:, pp. 407, 256–260. 3273:, pp. 194, 196–197. 2845: 2369:Result of the engagement 2168:State Farm, threatening 2008:Reconnaissance Battalion 1780:Soviet plans for 12 July 1714:German plans for 12 July 1658:By day's end on 11 July 1192:, with the objective of 10207:Second Guangxi campaign 10062:Philippines (1944–1945) 9566:Battle of the Coral Sea 9469:Fall of the Philippines 9115:Battle of South Guangxi 9021:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 8427:Italian Social Republic 6761:Bellamy, Chris (2007). 6477:Newton, Steven (2002). 6356:. Gloucestershire, UK: 6191:Oxford University Press 6083:Bauman, Walter (1998). 5957:Glantz & House 2004 5945:Glantz & House 1999 5933:Glantz & House 2004 5846:Glantz & House 2004 5830:Glantz & House 1995 5818:Glantz & House 2004 5727:Glantz & House 1995 5648:Glantz & House 1999 5512:Glantz & House 2004 5464:Glantz & House 2004 5440:Glantz & House 2004 5341:Glantz & House 2004 5326:Glantz & House 2004 5280:Glantz & House 2004 5189:Glantz & House 2004 5174:Glantz & House 2004 5162:Glantz & House 2004 5150:Glantz & House 2004 5138:Glantz & House 2004 5126:Glantz & House 2004 5099:Glantz & House 2004 5067:Glantz & House 2004 5055:Glantz & House 2004 4893:Glantz & House 2004 4845:Glantz & House 2004 4833:Glantz & House 2004 4764:Glantz & House 2004 4737:Glantz & House 2004 4654:Glantz & House 2004 4637:Glantz & House 2004 4606:Glantz & House 2004 4582:Glantz & House 2004 4546:Glantz & House 2004 4519:Glantz & House 2004 4504:Glantz & House 2004 4492:Glantz & House 2004 4459:Glantz & House 2004 4438:Glantz & House 2004 4390:Glantz & House 2004 4354:Glantz & House 2004 4330:Glantz & House 2004 4267:Glantz & House 2004 4194:Glantz & House 2004 4169:Glantz & House 2004 4157:Glantz & House 2004 4133:Glantz & House 2004 4104:Glantz & House 2004 4041:Glantz & House 2004 4029:Glantz & House 2004 4017:Glantz & House 2004 4005:Glantz & House 2004 3978:Glantz & House 2004 3918:Glantz & House 1999 3847:Glantz & House 2004 3811:Glantz & House 2004 3763:Glantz & House 2004 3751:Glantz & House 2004 3672:Glantz & House 2004 3619:Glantz & House 2004 3583:Glantz & House 2004 3571:Glantz & House 2004 3547:Glantz & House 2004 3511:Glantz & House 2004 3463:Glantz & House 2004 3439:Glantz & House 2004 3403:Glantz & House 2004 3379:Glantz & House 2004 3355:Glantz & House 2004 3331:Glantz & House 2004 3295:Glantz & House 2004 3235:Glantz & House 2004 3199:Glantz & House 2004 3104:Glantz & House 2004 3029:Glantz & House 2004 3012:Glantz & House 2004 3008:Glantz & House 2004 2991:Glantz & House 2004 2987:Glantz & House 2004 2970:Glantz & House 2004 2945:Glantz & House 2004 2937:Glantz & House 2004 2921:Glantz & House 2004 2887:Glantz & House 2004 2879:Glantz & House 2004 2867:Glantz & House 2004 2719:anti-aircraft artillery 2402:back the next morning. 2381:By the end of the day, 2336:The 31st Tank Brigade, 1838:and Lieutenant General 1540:33rd Guards Rifle Corps 1481:and Lieutenant General 1425:Oberkommando des Heeres 343:23rd Guards Rifle Corps 328:33rd Guards Rifle Corps 9792:Armistice of Cassibile 9594:Battle of Dutch Harbor 9545:Battle of the Java Sea 9448:Attack on Pearl Harbor 9348:Syria–Lebanon campaign 9341:Battle of South Shanxi 9311:Invasion of Yugoslavia 9094:Battle of the Atlantic 8708:Korean Liberation Army 8421:(until September 1943) 8378:(until September 1944) 8356:(until September 1944) 7097:"Strengths and Losses" 6934:Wheatley, Ben (2023). 6907:Wheatley, Ben (2019). 6867:Pinkus, Oscar (2005). 6848:Glantz, David (1991). 6808:The Third Reich at War 6352:Glantz, David (2012). 6333:Glantz, David (2013). 6120:Brand, Dieter (2003). 3045:§ Opposing forces 2734: 2613:On 17 July the Soviet 2378: 2180:from anti-tank teams. 1905: 1776: 1624: 1573: 1517: 1509: 1318: 1309: 1221:. The army group, the 1181:in one of the largest 1163:and occurred when the 1136: 1100:Polkovodets Rumyantsev 187:Commanders and leaders 10474:Prokhorovsky District 9956:Second Battle of Guam 9852:Bengal famine of 1943 9822:Second Battle of Kiev 9778:Battle of the Dnieper 9483:Battle of Wake Island 9355:East African campaign 9297:Battle of South Henan 8942:atrocities by Germans 8715:Korean Volunteer Army 7696:Occupation of Germany 7450:Music in World War II 6938:. Osprey Publishing. 6548:. Mechanicsburg, PA: 6544:Nipe, George (2012). 6525:Nipe, George (2010). 6431:Healy, Mark (2010) . 6159:Dunn, Walter (1997). 2947:, pp. 179, 181). 2732: 2706:and one belonging to 2664:Casualties and losses 2537:Mediterranean theatre 2376: 2149:Rudolf von Ribbentrop 2091:At 05:45 on 12 July, 2049:Churchill heavy tanks 1898:Sd.Kfz. 251 halftrack 1891: 1768: 1622: 1571: 1515: 1500: 1398:Army Detachment Kempf 1372:XXXXVIII Panzer Corps 1360:Unternehmen Zitadelle 1314:battle for the Donets 1287: 1240:Army Detachment Kempf 1141:Battle of Prokhorovka 1131: 380:Casualties and losses 308:2nd Guards Tank Corps 119:51.03639°N 36.73639°E 26:Battle of Prokhorovka 10242:Surrender of Germany 9720:Battle of West Hubei 9677:Guadalcanal campaign 9647:Battle of Stalingrad 9573:Battle of Madagascar 8347:Albania protectorate 8134:(formerly Swaziland) 7843:Wehrmacht war crimes 7659:Expulsion of Germans 7443:Art and World War II 7341:British contribution 7290:Governments in exile 6598:Showalter, Dennis E. 6412:Healy, Mark (2008). 5986:, pp. 336–337; 5820:, pp. 272, 280. 5780:, pp. 553, 561. 5674:, pp. 103, 105. 5502:, pp. 139, 218. 5442:, pp. 204, 223. 5140:, pp. 209, 216. 4982:, pp. 381, 389. 4135:, pp. 317, 321. 4019:, pp. 178, 198. 4007:, pp. 323, 326. 3944:, pp. 284, 320. 3813:, pp. 169, 171. 3561:, pp. 166, 168. 3031:, pp. 94, 167). 3025:the German offensive 2808:Operation Barbarossa 2422:Aleksandr Vasilevsky 1774:5th Guards Tank Army 1609:and Hill 241.6. The 1487:5th Guards Tank Army 1304:("5. GpzA") and the 1302:5th Guards Tank Army 1228:On 5 July 1943, the 1165:5th Guards Tank Army 1132:German tanks during 444:class=notpageimage| 292:5th Guards Tank Army 10332:Potsdam Declaration 10221:Italy (Spring 1945) 9984:Liberation of Paris 9441:Siege of Sevastopol 8459:(until August 1944) 8362:Wang Jingwei regime 8184:from September 1943 8144:from September 1944 8082:from September 1944 7942:Romanian war crimes 7933:Persecution of Jews 7919:Croatian war crimes 7889:Japanese war crimes 7703:Occupation of Japan 7652:First Indochina War 7364:Military production 7276:Declarations of war 6395:, No. 11 (Russian: 6316:The Battle of Kursk 6297:The Battle of Kursk 6183:Frieser, Karl-Heinz 6132:on 1 November 2014. 6034:, pp. 173–174. 5974:, pp. 357–369. 5959:, pp. 146–147. 5947:, pp. 138–147. 5935:, pp. 138–147. 5768:, pp. 108–109. 5717:, pp. 804–805. 5693:, pp. 536–538. 5553:, pp. 531–532. 5478:, pp. 514–515. 5301:, pp. 397–398. 5282:, pp. 217–218. 5265:, pp. 395–397. 5253:, pp. 395–397. 5164:, pp. 214–215. 5152:, pp. 212–214. 5128:, pp. 209–210. 5057:, pp. 213–214. 5045:, pp. 391–392. 5033:, pp. 390–391. 4970:, pp. 388–389. 4835:, pp. 188–189. 4802:, pp. 330–331. 4790:, pp. 329–330. 4778:, pp. 332–333. 4506:, pp. 180–181. 4411:, pp. 106–107. 4320:, pp. 48, 101. 4159:, pp. 198–200. 3896:, pp. 352–353. 3801:, pp. 350–353. 3789:, pp. 308–309. 3765:, pp. 164–165. 3738:, pp. 261–262. 3726:, pp. 258–260. 3662:, pp. 322–323. 3597:, pp. 297–299. 3585:, pp. 134–135. 3573:, pp. 133–135. 3549:, pp. 166–167. 3513:, pp. 138–139. 3489:, pp. 256–260. 3405:, pp. 269–272. 3321:, pp. 188–192. 3189:, pp. 802–804. 2145:Obersturmbannführer 2037:self-propelled guns 2017:SS-Untersturmführer 1757:right, elements of 1739:were to wait until 1631:was checked by the 762:Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh 663:Barvenkovo–Lozovaya 374:self-propelled guns 115: / 10325:Surrender of Japan 10158:Battle of Iwo Jima 10007:Belgrade offensive 9420:Siege of Leningrad 9304:Battle of Shanggao 9233:British Somaliland 9198:Dunkirk evacuation 9149:Norwegian campaign 9087:Invasion of Poland 8914:Japanese prisoners 7882:Italian war crimes 7813:British war crimes 7728:Soviet occupations 7512:South-West Pacific 7399:Allied cooperation 7357:Military equipment 6264:Glantz, David M.; 6231:(September 1986). 5990:, pp. 29–33; 5216:Molony et al. 2004 4994:, pp. 48, 52. 4608:, p. 187, in 3345:, pp. 41, 49. 2748:Karl-Heinz Frieser 2735: 2713:Schlachtgeschwader 2379: 2324:Panzerjägerstaffel 2236:withdrew from the 2226:anti-tank grenades 2137:"). The troops of 1906: 1820:7.5 cm KwK 40 1777: 1682:. To the south of 1668:Совхоз Октябрьский 1625: 1574: 1518: 1510: 1472:Lieutenant General 1383:II SS-Panzer Corps 1344:Erich von Manstein 1310: 1298:II SS-Panzer Corps 1173:II SS-Panzer Corps 1137: 957:Western Carpathian 897:2nd Jassy–Kishinev 867:1st Jassy–Kishinev 852:Leningrad–Novgorod 847:Dnieper–Carpathian 259:II SS-Panzer Corps 124:51.03639; 36.73639 59:II SS-Panzer Corps 10449:Conflicts in 1943 10399: 10398: 10357: 10356: 10200:Battle of Okinawa 10099:Burma (1944–1945) 9933:Mariana and Palau 9713:Tunisian campaign 9538:Fall of Singapore 9462:Fall of Hong Kong 9205:Battle of Britain 9058:Operation Himmler 8967: 8966: 8631:Dutch East Indies 8274:Southern Rhodesia 8026: 8025: 7926:Genocide of Serbs 7829:German war crimes 7806:Soviet war crimes 7799:Allied war crimes 7645:Division of Korea 7624:Chinese Civil War 7422:Strategic bombing 7334:Manhattan Project 7017:on 5 January 2014 6878:978-0-7864-2054-4 6859:978-0-7146-3350-3 6818:978-0-14-311671-4 6794:978-0-7006-1826-2 6781:Citino, Robert M. 6772:978-0-330-48808-2 6726:978-5-906716-63-7 6672:978-1-906033-89-7 6653:978-1-909384-54-5 6634:978-1-906033-02-6 6615:978-0-8129-9465-0 6559:978-0-8117-1162-3 6536:978-0-9748389-4-6 6512:on 10 August 2015 6481:. Cambridge, MA: 6456:Butler, Sir James 6442:978-0-7524-5716-1 6423:978-1-85532-211-0 6402: 6367:978-0-7524-6070-3 6358:The History Press 6344:978-1-136-28934-7 6325:978-0-7006-1335-9 6306:978-0-7006-0978-9 6287:978-0-7006-0899-7 6200:978-0-19-103514-2 6174:978-0-275-95733-9 6151:978-0-7553-3639-5 6112:978-1-903223-88-8 6075:978-0-7603-1254-4 6046:, pp. 39–40. 5741:, pp. 85–86. 5662:, pp. 60–61. 5218:, pp. 55–65. 4907:, pp. 79–81. 4671:, pp. 79–80. 4123:, pp. 78–81. 3702:, pp. 29–33. 3690:, pp. 29–33. 3453:, pp. 89–90. 3357:, pp. 60–63. 3333:, pp. 63–65. 3237:, pp. 23–25. 3201:, pp. 28–29. 2623:a major offensive 2513:Günther von Kluge 2509:Army Group Centre 2415:military tribunal 2316:close air support 2279:Focke-Wulf Fw 190 2275:Hans-Ulrich Rudel 2133:on their hulls (" 2114:Ground engagement 1946:, four were with 1583:Operation Kutuzov 1442:anti-tank ditches 1364:Operation Citadel 1290:Operation Citadel 1251:Operation Kutuzov 1190:Operation Citadel 1134:Operation Citadel 1123: 1122: 1031: 1030: 455: 454: 145: 144: 10486: 10416: 10415: 10414: 10407: 10392: 10385: 10378: 10375:World portal 10373: 10372: 10348: 10341: 10334: 10327: 10318: 10311: 10304: 10295: 10288: 10281: 10274: 10267: 10260: 10251: 10244: 10237: 10235:Prague offensive 10230: 10228:Battle of Berlin 10223: 10216: 10209: 10202: 10195: 10188: 10181: 10174: 10172:Vienna offensive 10167: 10160: 10153: 10151:Battle of Manila 10146: 10126: 10117: 10108: 10101: 10092: 10085: 10078: 10071: 10064: 10057: 10050: 10041: 10032: 10025: 10016: 10009: 10002: 9995: 9986: 9979: 9972: 9965: 9958: 9951: 9944: 9935: 9928: 9919: 9910: 9901: 9894: 9892:Korsun–Cherkassy 9887: 9876: 9854: 9845: 9838: 9831: 9824: 9817: 9810: 9803: 9794: 9787: 9780: 9773: 9764: 9757: 9750: 9743: 9736: 9734:Bombing of Gorky 9729: 9722: 9715: 9695: 9688: 9679: 9672: 9665: 9656: 9649: 9642: 9635: 9624: 9617: 9610: 9603: 9601:Battle of Midway 9596: 9589: 9587:Battle of Gazala 9582: 9575: 9568: 9561: 9554: 9547: 9540: 9520: 9513: 9506: 9499: 9497:Battle of Borneo 9492: 9490:Malayan campaign 9485: 9478: 9471: 9464: 9457: 9450: 9443: 9436: 9434:Bombing of Gorky 9429: 9427:Battle of Moscow 9422: 9415: 9408: 9401: 9394: 9387: 9371: 9364: 9357: 9350: 9343: 9336: 9327: 9320: 9313: 9306: 9299: 9279: 9270: 9263: 9256: 9249: 9242: 9235: 9228: 9221: 9214: 9207: 9200: 9193: 9191:Battle of France 9186: 9179: 9172: 9165: 9158: 9151: 9131: 9124: 9117: 9110: 9103: 9096: 9089: 9067: 9060: 9053: 9046: 9044:Munich Agreement 9039: 9032: 9023: 9016: 9009: 9000: 8993: 8978: 8977: 8960: 8953: 8944: 8937: 8930: 8929:Soviet prisoners 8923: 8916: 8909: 8900: 8893: 8884: 8877: 8870: 8869:German prisoners 8865: 8845: 8836: 8829: 8822: 8817: 8810: 8803: 8796: 8789: 8782: 8775: 8768: 8761: 8754: 8747: 8740: 8733: 8726: 8717: 8710: 8703: 8696: 8689: 8682: 8675: 8668: 8661: 8654: 8647: 8640: 8633: 8626: 8619: 8612: 8605: 8598: 8591: 8571: 8564: 8557: 8550: 8543: 8536: 8529: 8522: 8515: 8508: 8501: 8481: 8474: 8467: 8460: 8452: 8445: 8438: 8429: 8422: 8414: 8407: 8405:French Indochina 8400: 8393: 8386: 8379: 8371: 8364: 8357: 8349: 8329: 8320: 8313: 8304: 8297: 8290: 8283: 8276: 8269: 8262: 8255: 8252:from August 1944 8243: 8236: 8229: 8222: 8215: 8208: 8201: 8194: 8187: 8175: 8168: 8161: 8154: 8147: 8135: 8127: 8120: 8113: 8106: 8099: 8092: 8085: 8073: 8066: 8059: 8052: 8037: 8036: 8017: 8010: 8003: 7996: 7989: 7978: 7963: 7956: 7949: 7944: 7935: 7928: 7921: 7912: 7905: 7898: 7896:Nanjing Massacre 7891: 7884: 7875: 7873:Nuremberg trials 7866: 7859: 7852: 7845: 7838: 7831: 7822: 7815: 7808: 7801: 7781: 7774: 7767: 7758: 7751: 7744: 7737: 7730: 7723: 7714: 7705: 7698: 7691: 7684: 7675: 7668: 7661: 7654: 7647: 7640: 7633: 7626: 7606: 7597: 7590: 7583: 7574: 7567: 7560: 7553: 7544: 7537: 7530: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7500: 7493: 7486: 7479: 7477:Asia and Pacific 7459: 7452: 7445: 7438: 7431: 7424: 7417: 7408: 7406:Mulberry harbour 7401: 7394: 7387: 7380: 7373: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7343: 7336: 7329: 7320: 7313: 7306: 7299: 7292: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7264: 7257: 7248: 7241: 7226: 7225: 7214: 7207: 7198: 7191: 7184: 7177: 7170: 7163: 7156: 7135: 7128: 7121: 7112: 7111: 7107: 7105: 7103: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7079:. Archived from 7071: 7069: 7067: 7062:on 20 April 2012 7058:. Archived from 7050: 7048: 7046: 7041:on 30 April 2015 7037:. Archived from 7026: 7024: 7022: 7013:. Archived from 7006: 7004: 7002: 6972: 6949: 6930: 6928: 6903: 6882: 6863: 6844: 6822: 6798: 6776: 6749: 6730: 6707: 6676: 6657: 6638: 6619: 6593: 6577: 6563: 6540: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6508:. Archived from 6496: 6473: 6446: 6427: 6407: 6401:romanized: 6400: 6398: 6390: 6371: 6348: 6329: 6310: 6291: 6276:. Lawrence, KS: 6275: 6260: 6258: 6252:. Archived from 6237: 6229:Glantz, David M. 6224: 6218: 6214: 6212: 6204: 6178: 6163:. Westport, CT: 6155: 6133: 6116: 6092: 6091:on 20 June 2013. 6079: 6067: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6023: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5995: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5960: 5954: 5948: 5942: 5936: 5930: 5924: 5918: 5912: 5906: 5900: 5894: 5888: 5882: 5876: 5870: 5861: 5839: 5833: 5827: 5821: 5815: 5809: 5803: 5797: 5787: 5781: 5775: 5769: 5763: 5754: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5675: 5669: 5663: 5657: 5651: 5645: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5612: 5606: 5595: 5589: 5583: 5577: 5566: 5560: 5554: 5548: 5539: 5533: 5527: 5521: 5515: 5509: 5503: 5497: 5491: 5485: 5479: 5473: 5467: 5461: 5455: 5449: 5443: 5437: 5431: 5425: 5419: 5413: 5404: 5398: 5392: 5386: 5380: 5374: 5368: 5362: 5356: 5350: 5344: 5338: 5329: 5323: 5317: 5311: 5302: 5296: 5283: 5277: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5240: 5234: 5228: 5219: 5213: 5207: 5201: 5192: 5186: 5177: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5153: 5147: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5123: 5114: 5108: 5102: 5096: 5085: 5079: 5070: 5064: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5040: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5016: 5010: 5004: 4995: 4989: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4941: 4935: 4929: 4923: 4917: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4890: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4752: 4746: 4740: 4734: 4725: 4719: 4713: 4707: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4657: 4651: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4613: 4603: 4597: 4591: 4585: 4579: 4573: 4567: 4561: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4534: 4528: 4522: 4516: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4462: 4456: 4441: 4435: 4424: 4418: 4412: 4406: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4282: 4276: 4270: 4264: 4253: 4247: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4197: 4191: 4180: 4166: 4160: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4118: 4107: 4101: 4095: 4089: 4080: 4074: 4063: 4057: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4026: 4020: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3990: 3981: 3975: 3964: 3958: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3891: 3882: 3876: 3867: 3861: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3754: 3748: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3681: 3675: 3669: 3663: 3657: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3532: 3526: 3520: 3514: 3508: 3502: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3430: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3406: 3400: 3394: 3388: 3382: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3358: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3214: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3175: 3169: 3146: 3143: 3137: 3134: 3128: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3082: 3075: 3066: 3059: 3048: 3041: 3032: 3021: 3015: 3004: 2998: 2979: 2973: 2957: 2948: 2933: 2924: 2913: 2904: 2900: 2894: 2859: 2782:strategic depths 2674: 2643: 2621:Fronts launched 2600: 2553:Operation Roland 2547:Operation Roland 2511:, Field Marshal 2474: 2447: 2209: 2189: 2174: 2128: 2104: 2097: 2066: 2021:Michael Wittmann 2001: 1974: 1966: 1836:Stepan Krasovsky 1770:Pavel Rotmistrov 1756: 1745: 1703: 1669: 1483:Pavel Rotmistrov 1430:defence in depth 1402:Army Group South 1394:III Panzer Corps 1323: 1316:, as the spring 1070: 1068: 1058: 1051: 1044: 1035: 1034: 923:Petsamo–Kirkenes 801:Belgorod-Kharkov 767:Voronezh–Kharkov 491: 481: 474: 467: 458: 457: 437: 436: 430: 414:fighter aircraft 348:48th Rifle Corps 238:Stepan Krasovsky 225:Pavel Rotmistrov 182: 178: 176: 175: 167: 163: 161: 160: 130: 129: 127: 126: 125: 120: 116: 113: 112: 111: 108: 72: 71: 51: 23: 22: 10494: 10493: 10489: 10488: 10487: 10485: 10484: 10483: 10424: 10423: 10422: 10412: 10410: 10402: 10400: 10395: 10388: 10381: 10367: 10365: 10353: 10344: 10337: 10330: 10323: 10314: 10307: 10300: 10291: 10286:Atomic bombings 10284: 10277: 10270: 10263: 10256: 10247: 10240: 10233: 10226: 10219: 10212: 10205: 10198: 10191: 10184: 10177: 10170: 10163: 10156: 10149: 10142: 10129: 10122: 10111: 10104: 10097: 10088: 10081: 10074: 10067: 10060: 10053: 10044: 10035: 10028: 10019: 10012: 10005: 9998: 9989: 9982: 9977:Eastern Romania 9975: 9970:Warsaw Uprising 9968: 9963:Tannenberg Line 9961: 9954: 9949:Western Ukraine 9947: 9938: 9931: 9922: 9913: 9904: 9897: 9890: 9879: 9870: 9857: 9850: 9841: 9834: 9827: 9820: 9813: 9806: 9799: 9790: 9783: 9776: 9767: 9760: 9753: 9746: 9741:Battle of Kursk 9739: 9732: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9698: 9691: 9682: 9675: 9668: 9659: 9652: 9645: 9638: 9629: 9620: 9613: 9606: 9599: 9592: 9585: 9578: 9571: 9564: 9557: 9552:St Nazaire Raid 9550: 9543: 9536: 9523: 9516: 9509: 9502: 9495: 9488: 9481: 9474: 9467: 9460: 9453: 9446: 9439: 9432: 9425: 9418: 9411: 9404: 9397: 9390: 9376: 9367: 9360: 9353: 9346: 9339: 9334:Anglo-Iraqi War 9332: 9325:Battle of Crete 9323: 9316: 9309: 9302: 9295: 9282: 9273: 9266: 9259: 9254:Eastern Romania 9252: 9245: 9238: 9231: 9224: 9217: 9210: 9203: 9196: 9189: 9182: 9175: 9168: 9161: 9154: 9147: 9134: 9127: 9120: 9113: 9106: 9099: 9092: 9085: 9072: 9063: 9056: 9049: 9042: 9035: 9028: 9019: 9012: 9005: 8996: 8989: 8963: 8956: 8949: 8940: 8933: 8928: 8919: 8912: 8905: 8896: 8889: 8880: 8873: 8868: 8861: 8848: 8841: 8832: 8825: 8820: 8815:Western Ukraine 8813: 8806: 8799: 8792: 8785: 8778: 8771: 8764: 8759:Northeast China 8757: 8750: 8743: 8736: 8729: 8722: 8713: 8706: 8699: 8692: 8685: 8678: 8671: 8664: 8657: 8650: 8643: 8636: 8629: 8622: 8615: 8608: 8601: 8594: 8587: 8574: 8567: 8560: 8553: 8546: 8539: 8532: 8525: 8518: 8511: 8504: 8497: 8484: 8477: 8470: 8465:Slovak Republic 8463: 8455: 8448: 8441: 8436:Empire of Japan 8434: 8425: 8417: 8410: 8403: 8396: 8389: 8382: 8374: 8367: 8360: 8352: 8345: 8332: 8325: 8316: 8309: 8300: 8293: 8286: 8279: 8272: 8265: 8258: 8246: 8239: 8232: 8225: 8218: 8211: 8204: 8197: 8190: 8178: 8171: 8164: 8157: 8150: 8138: 8130: 8123: 8116: 8109: 8102: 8095: 8088: 8076: 8069: 8062: 8055: 8048: 8022: 8013: 8006: 7999: 7992: 7981: 7966: 7959: 7952: 7948:Sexual violence 7947: 7940: 7931: 7924: 7917: 7908: 7901: 7894: 7887: 7880: 7871: 7862: 7855: 7848: 7841: 7834: 7827: 7818: 7811: 7804: 7797: 7784: 7777: 7770: 7763: 7754: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7726: 7717: 7708: 7701: 7694: 7687: 7678: 7671: 7666:Greek Civil War 7664: 7657: 7650: 7643: 7636: 7629: 7622: 7609: 7602: 7593: 7586: 7579: 7570: 7563: 7556: 7549: 7540: 7533: 7526: 7517: 7510: 7503: 7496: 7491:South-East Asia 7489: 7482: 7475: 7462: 7455: 7448: 7441: 7434: 7427: 7420: 7413: 7404: 7397: 7390: 7383: 7376: 7369: 7362: 7355: 7350:Military awards 7348: 7339: 7332: 7325: 7316: 7309: 7302: 7295: 7288: 7281: 7274: 7267: 7260: 7253: 7244: 7237: 7217: 7210: 7203: 7194: 7187: 7180: 7175: 7166: 7159: 7152: 7144: 7139: 7101: 7099: 7095: 7086: 7084: 7065: 7063: 7044: 7042: 7029: 7020: 7018: 7009: 7000: 6998: 6997:on 15 July 2015 6987: 6983: 6980: 6969: 6956: 6946: 6879: 6860: 6841: 6819: 6795: 6773: 6765:. London: Pan. 6757: 6755:Further reading 6752: 6746: 6727: 6673: 6654: 6635: 6616: 6590: 6560: 6550:Stackpole Books 6537: 6515: 6513: 6493: 6470: 6443: 6424: 6387: 6368: 6345: 6326: 6307: 6288: 6266:House, Jonathan 6259:on 18 May 2015. 6256: 6235: 6216: 6215: 6206: 6205: 6201: 6175: 6165:Greenwood Press 6152: 6113: 6076: 6055: 6050: 6042: 6038: 6030: 6026: 6018:, p. 210; 6014: 6010: 6002: 5998: 5982: 5978: 5970: 5963: 5955: 5951: 5943: 5939: 5931: 5927: 5919: 5915: 5907: 5903: 5895: 5891: 5883: 5879: 5871: 5864: 5856:, p. 349; 5852:, p. 209; 5844:, p. 101; 5840: 5836: 5828: 5824: 5816: 5812: 5804: 5800: 5792:, p. 408; 5788: 5784: 5776: 5772: 5764: 5757: 5749: 5745: 5737: 5733: 5725: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5701: 5697: 5689: 5678: 5670: 5666: 5658: 5654: 5646: 5642: 5634: 5630: 5622: 5615: 5607: 5598: 5590: 5586: 5578: 5569: 5565:, p. 5.14. 5561: 5557: 5549: 5542: 5534: 5530: 5522: 5518: 5510: 5506: 5498: 5494: 5486: 5482: 5474: 5470: 5462: 5458: 5450: 5446: 5438: 5434: 5426: 5422: 5414: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5387: 5383: 5375: 5371: 5363: 5359: 5351: 5347: 5339: 5332: 5324: 5320: 5312: 5305: 5297: 5286: 5278: 5269: 5261: 5257: 5249:, p. 153; 5241: 5237: 5229: 5222: 5214: 5210: 5202: 5195: 5187: 5180: 5172: 5168: 5160: 5156: 5148: 5144: 5136: 5132: 5124: 5117: 5109: 5105: 5097: 5088: 5080: 5073: 5065: 5061: 5053: 5049: 5041: 5037: 5029: 5025: 5017: 5013: 5005: 4998: 4990: 4986: 4978: 4974: 4966: 4962: 4954: 4950: 4942: 4938: 4930: 4926: 4918: 4911: 4903: 4899: 4891: 4887: 4879: 4875: 4867: 4863: 4855: 4851: 4843: 4839: 4831: 4827: 4819: 4806: 4798: 4794: 4786: 4782: 4774: 4770: 4762: 4755: 4747: 4743: 4735: 4728: 4720: 4716: 4708: 4699: 4691: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4667: 4660: 4652: 4643: 4635: 4631: 4623: 4616: 4604: 4600: 4592: 4588: 4580: 4576: 4568: 4564: 4556: 4552: 4544: 4537: 4529: 4525: 4517: 4510: 4502: 4498: 4490: 4486: 4478: 4465: 4457: 4444: 4436: 4427: 4419: 4415: 4407: 4396: 4388: 4384: 4376: 4372: 4364: 4360: 4352: 4348: 4340: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4316: 4312: 4304: 4300: 4292: 4285: 4277: 4273: 4265: 4256: 4248: 4237: 4229: 4225: 4217: 4200: 4192: 4183: 4171:, p. 202; 4167: 4163: 4155: 4151: 4143: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4119: 4110: 4102: 4098: 4090: 4083: 4075: 4066: 4058: 4047: 4039: 4035: 4027: 4023: 4015: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3991: 3984: 3976: 3967: 3959: 3948: 3940: 3936: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3904: 3900: 3892: 3885: 3877: 3870: 3862: 3853: 3845: 3841: 3833: 3829: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3797: 3793: 3785: 3781: 3773: 3769: 3761: 3757: 3749: 3742: 3734: 3730: 3722: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3698: 3694: 3682: 3678: 3670: 3666: 3658: 3649: 3641: 3637: 3629: 3625: 3617: 3613: 3605: 3601: 3593: 3589: 3581: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3553: 3545: 3541: 3533: 3529: 3521: 3517: 3509: 3505: 3497: 3493: 3485: 3481: 3473: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3449: 3445: 3437: 3433: 3425: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3401: 3397: 3389: 3385: 3381:, pp. 3–4. 3377: 3373: 3365: 3361: 3353: 3349: 3341: 3337: 3329: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3281: 3277: 3269: 3265: 3257: 3253: 3245: 3241: 3233: 3229: 3221: 3217: 3209: 3205: 3197: 3193: 3185: 3178: 3170: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3114: 3110: 3102: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3085: 3076: 3069: 3060: 3051: 3042: 3035: 3022: 3018: 3005: 3001: 2997:, p. 230). 2983:5th Guards Army 2980: 2976: 2972:, p. 321). 2968:, p. 101; 2964:, p. 379; 2958: 2951: 2943:, p. 106; 2934: 2927: 2923:, p. 318). 2914: 2907: 2901: 2897: 2889:, p. 223; 2881:, p. 146; 2873:, p. 107; 2869:, p. 151; 2865:, p. 516; 2860: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2834: 2832:Surprise factor 2821: 2804:Battle of Brody 2795: 2790: 2769: 2756:David M. Glantz 2727: 2682: 2672: 2666: 2641: 2598: 2580:1st Panzer Army 2555: 2549: 2505: 2472: 2458: 2445: 2430: 2371: 2355:air superiority 2338:29th Tank Corps 2283:Henschel Hs 129 2246: 2207: 2187: 2172: 2154:Sturmbannführer 2126: 2116: 2110:their advance. 2102: 2095: 2089: 2064: 2029: 1999: 1972: 1964: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1873:Opposing forces 1840:Vladimir Sudets 1811:tank destroyers 1782: 1754: 1743: 1716: 1711: 1701: 1566: 1495: 1479:5th Guards Army 1465:Colonel General 1463:, commanded by 1457:Nikolai Vatutin 1452:, commanded by 1387:Colonel General 1306:5th Guards Army 1282: 1280:Battle of Kursk 1276: 1236:4th Panzer Army 1161:Battle of Kursk 1126: 1125: 1124: 1119: 1115:Order of Battle 1071: 1067:Battle of Kursk 1066: 1064: 1062: 1032: 1027: 1021:Prague uprising 1004:Bratislava–Brno 994:Moravia–Ostrava 884:Lvov–Sandomierz 712:Rzhev–Sychyovka 540:Białystok–Minsk 492: 487: 485: 451: 450: 449: 448: 446: 440: 439: 438: 338:31st Tank Corps 333:10th Tank Corps 303:18th Tank Corps 298:29th Tank Corps 247: 243:Vladimir Sudets 234: 220:Nikolai Vatutin 213: 205: 173: 171: 158: 156: 123: 121: 117: 114: 109: 106: 104: 102: 101: 100: 80: 52: 33:Battle of Kursk 17: 12: 11: 5: 10492: 10482: 10481: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10421: 10420: 10397: 10396: 10394: 10393: 10386: 10379: 10362: 10359: 10358: 10355: 10354: 10352: 10351: 10350: 10349: 10342: 10335: 10321: 10320: 10319: 10305: 10302:South Sakhalin 10298: 10297: 10296: 10282: 10275: 10268: 10261: 10254: 10253: 10252: 10238: 10231: 10224: 10217: 10210: 10203: 10196: 10189: 10182: 10175: 10168: 10161: 10154: 10147: 10139: 10137: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10127: 10120: 10119: 10118: 10102: 10095: 10094: 10093: 10079: 10072: 10065: 10058: 10051: 10042: 10033: 10026: 10017: 10010: 10003: 9996: 9987: 9980: 9973: 9966: 9959: 9952: 9945: 9936: 9929: 9920: 9911: 9902: 9895: 9888: 9877: 9867: 9865: 9859: 9858: 9856: 9855: 9848: 9847: 9846: 9839: 9825: 9818: 9811: 9804: 9797: 9796: 9795: 9781: 9774: 9765: 9758: 9751: 9744: 9737: 9730: 9727:Battle of Attu 9723: 9716: 9708: 9706: 9700: 9699: 9697: 9696: 9689: 9680: 9673: 9666: 9657: 9650: 9643: 9636: 9627: 9626: 9625: 9618: 9604: 9597: 9590: 9583: 9576: 9569: 9562: 9555: 9548: 9541: 9533: 9531: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9521: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9493: 9486: 9479: 9476:Battle of Guam 9472: 9465: 9458: 9451: 9444: 9437: 9430: 9423: 9416: 9409: 9402: 9399:Battle of Kiev 9395: 9388: 9374: 9373: 9372: 9358: 9351: 9344: 9337: 9330: 9329: 9328: 9314: 9307: 9300: 9292: 9290: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9280: 9271: 9264: 9257: 9250: 9243: 9236: 9229: 9222: 9215: 9208: 9201: 9194: 9187: 9180: 9173: 9166: 9159: 9152: 9144: 9142: 9136: 9135: 9133: 9132: 9125: 9118: 9111: 9104: 9097: 9090: 9082: 9080: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9070: 9069: 9068: 9061: 9054: 9047: 9040: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9017: 9003: 9002: 9001: 8986: 8984: 8975: 8969: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8961: 8954: 8947: 8946: 8945: 8938: 8926: 8925: 8924: 8910: 8903: 8902: 8901: 8898:United Kingdom 8894: 8887: 8886: 8885: 8866: 8858: 8856: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8846: 8839: 8838: 8837: 8830: 8818: 8811: 8804: 8797: 8790: 8783: 8776: 8769: 8762: 8755: 8748: 8741: 8734: 8727: 8720: 8719: 8718: 8711: 8697: 8690: 8683: 8676: 8669: 8662: 8655: 8648: 8641: 8634: 8627: 8620: 8613: 8606: 8599: 8592: 8584: 8582: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8572: 8565: 8558: 8551: 8544: 8537: 8530: 8523: 8516: 8509: 8502: 8494: 8492: 8486: 8485: 8483: 8482: 8475: 8468: 8461: 8453: 8446: 8439: 8432: 8431: 8430: 8415: 8408: 8401: 8394: 8387: 8380: 8372: 8365: 8358: 8350: 8342: 8340: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8330: 8323: 8322: 8321: 8307: 8306: 8305: 8302:British Empire 8295:United Kingdom 8291: 8284: 8277: 8270: 8263: 8256: 8244: 8237: 8230: 8223: 8216: 8209: 8202: 8195: 8188: 8176: 8169: 8162: 8155: 8148: 8136: 8128: 8121: 8114: 8111:Czechoslovakia 8107: 8100: 8093: 8086: 8074: 8067: 8060: 8053: 8045: 8043: 8034: 8028: 8027: 8024: 8023: 8021: 8020: 8019: 8018: 8011: 8008:Rape of Manila 8004: 7997: 7990: 7979: 7964: 7957: 7945: 7938: 7937: 7936: 7929: 7915: 7914: 7913: 7906: 7899: 7885: 7878: 7877: 7876: 7869: 7868: 7867: 7860: 7846: 7839: 7825: 7824: 7823: 7816: 7809: 7794: 7792: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7782: 7779:United Nations 7775: 7768: 7761: 7760: 7759: 7752: 7745: 7738: 7724: 7715: 7706: 7699: 7692: 7685: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7648: 7641: 7638:Decolonization 7634: 7627: 7619: 7617: 7611: 7610: 7608: 7607: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7584: 7577: 7576: 7575: 7568: 7561: 7547: 7546: 7545: 7538: 7524: 7523: 7522: 7515: 7508: 7501: 7494: 7487: 7472: 7470: 7464: 7463: 7461: 7460: 7453: 7446: 7439: 7432: 7425: 7418: 7411: 7410: 7409: 7402: 7388: 7381: 7374: 7367: 7360: 7353: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7330: 7323: 7322: 7321: 7314: 7311:United Kingdom 7307: 7293: 7286: 7279: 7272: 7265: 7258: 7251: 7250: 7249: 7234: 7232: 7223: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7215: 7208: 7201: 7200: 7199: 7192: 7185: 7173: 7172: 7171: 7157: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7138: 7137: 7130: 7123: 7115: 7109: 7108: 7093: 7083:on 8 July 2013 7072: 7054:Wilson, Alan. 7051: 7027: 7007: 6979: 6978:External links 6976: 6975: 6974: 6967: 6950: 6944: 6931: 6919:(2): 115–163. 6904: 6894:(2): 251–270. 6883: 6877: 6864: 6858: 6845: 6839: 6823: 6817: 6803:Evans, Richard 6799: 6793: 6777: 6771: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6750: 6744: 6731: 6725: 6708: 6690:(4): 582–595. 6677: 6671: 6658: 6652: 6639: 6633: 6620: 6614: 6594: 6588: 6568:Overy, Richard 6564: 6558: 6541: 6535: 6522: 6497: 6491: 6474: 6468: 6447: 6441: 6428: 6422: 6409: 6385: 6372: 6366: 6349: 6343: 6330: 6324: 6311: 6305: 6292: 6286: 6261: 6225: 6199: 6179: 6173: 6156: 6150: 6134: 6117: 6111: 6098: 6080: 6074: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6048: 6036: 6024: 6022:, p. 174. 6008: 6006:, p. 359. 5996: 5994:, p. 143. 5976: 5961: 5949: 5937: 5925: 5923:, p. 228. 5913: 5901: 5889: 5887:, p. 247. 5877: 5862: 5860:, p. 583. 5848:, p. 51; 5834: 5832:, p. 166. 5822: 5810: 5808:, p. 553. 5798: 5782: 5770: 5755: 5753:, p. 208. 5743: 5731: 5729:, p. 167. 5719: 5707: 5705:, p. 130. 5695: 5676: 5664: 5652: 5650:, p. 212. 5640: 5638:, p. 346. 5628: 5613: 5611:, p. 129. 5596: 5584: 5582:, p. 108. 5567: 5555: 5540: 5528: 5516: 5514:, p. 245. 5504: 5492: 5490:, p. 164. 5480: 5468: 5466:, p. 223. 5456: 5444: 5432: 5420: 5405: 5403:, p. 401. 5393: 5391:, p. 359. 5381: 5379:, p. 398. 5369: 5367:, p. 356. 5357: 5355:, p. 163. 5345: 5343:, p. 219. 5330: 5328:, p. 218. 5318: 5316:, p. 358. 5303: 5284: 5267: 5255: 5245:, p. 71; 5235: 5233:, p. 397. 5220: 5208: 5206:, p. 394. 5193: 5191:, p. 215. 5178: 5176:, p. 214. 5166: 5154: 5142: 5130: 5115: 5113:, p. 643. 5103: 5101:, p. 208. 5086: 5084:, p. 390. 5071: 5069:, p. 212. 5059: 5047: 5035: 5023: 5021:, p. 226. 5011: 5009:, p. 102. 4996: 4984: 4972: 4960: 4958:, p. 216. 4956:Showalter 2013 4948: 4946:, p. 335. 4936: 4934:, p. 212. 4932:Showalter 2013 4924: 4920:Bergström 2007 4909: 4905:Bergström 2007 4897: 4895:, p. 191. 4885: 4883:, p. 322. 4873: 4871:, p. 321. 4861: 4859:, p. 341. 4849: 4847:, p. 189. 4837: 4825: 4804: 4792: 4780: 4768: 4766:, p. 190. 4753: 4751:, p. 366. 4741: 4739:, p. 185. 4726: 4724:, p. 351. 4714: 4712:, p. 320. 4697: 4695:, p. 203. 4693:Showalter 2013 4685: 4683:, p. 317. 4673: 4669:Bergström 2007 4658: 4656:, p. 188. 4641: 4629: 4627:, p. 349. 4614: 4598: 4596:, p. 139. 4586: 4584:, p. 182. 4574: 4572:, p. 363. 4562: 4560:, p. 378. 4550: 4548:, p. 184. 4535: 4523: 4521:, p. 192. 4508: 4496: 4494:, p. 193. 4484: 4482:, p. 107. 4463: 4461:, p. 180. 4442: 4440:, p. 181. 4425: 4423:, p. 362. 4413: 4394: 4382: 4370: 4358: 4346: 4334: 4332:, p. 151. 4322: 4310: 4308:, p. 333. 4298: 4296:, p. 368. 4283: 4281:, p. 320. 4271: 4254: 4252:, p. 326. 4235: 4233:, p. 309. 4223: 4198: 4196:, p. 202. 4181: 4179:, p. 315. 4161: 4149: 4147:, p. 236. 4137: 4125: 4121:Bergström 2007 4108: 4096: 4094:, p. 154. 4081: 4079:, p. 103. 4064: 4062:, p. 364. 4045: 4043:, p. 179. 4033: 4031:, p. 227. 4021: 4009: 3997: 3993:Bergström 2007 3982: 3980:, p. 178. 3965: 3963:, p. 310. 3946: 3934: 3932:, p. 356. 3922: 3920:, p. 176. 3910: 3908:, p. 350. 3898: 3883: 3881:, p. 153. 3868: 3866:, p. 315. 3851: 3849:, p. 166. 3839: 3837:, p. 352. 3827: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3779: 3777:, p. 343. 3767: 3755: 3753:, p. 164. 3740: 3728: 3716: 3714:, p. 337. 3704: 3692: 3686:, p. 76; 3676: 3674:, p. 146. 3664: 3647: 3635: 3623: 3611: 3599: 3587: 3575: 3563: 3551: 3539: 3527: 3515: 3503: 3491: 3479: 3477:, p. 112. 3467: 3465:, p. 123. 3455: 3443: 3441:, p. 112. 3431: 3419: 3417:, p. 239. 3407: 3395: 3393:, p. 407. 3383: 3371: 3369:, p. 195. 3359: 3347: 3335: 3323: 3311: 3309:, p. 192. 3299: 3287: 3285:, p. 184. 3275: 3263: 3251: 3249:, p. 187. 3239: 3227: 3215: 3213:, p. 189. 3203: 3191: 3176: 3172:Bergström 2007 3147: 3138: 3129: 3120: 3108: 3106:, p. 327. 3092: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3067: 3049: 3033: 3016: 2999: 2974: 2949: 2925: 2905: 2895: 2893:, p. 98). 2850: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2820: 2817: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2768: 2765: 2760:Jonathan House 2726: 2723: 2681: 2678: 2665: 2662: 2551:Main article: 2548: 2545: 2504: 2501: 2457: 2454: 2429: 2426: 2370: 2367: 2351:fighter escort 2271:Staffelkapitän 2245: 2242: 2221:Hafthohlladung 2158:Joachim Peiper 2115: 2112: 2088: 2085: 2028: 2025: 1954:had just one. 1885: 1882: 1874: 1871: 1863:Kuzma Trufanov 1781: 1778: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1692:Leibstandarte‍ 1633:2nd Tank Corps 1565: 1562: 1494: 1491: 1475:Aleksey Zhadov 1450:Voronezh Front 1348:mobile defence 1346:arguing for a 1326:Soviet premier 1278:Main article: 1275: 1272: 1244:Voronezh Front 1175:of the German 1167:of the Soviet 1121: 1120: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1061: 1060: 1053: 1046: 1038: 1029: 1028: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1013: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 984:East Pomerania 981: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 946: 945: 941: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 893: 886: 881: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 843: 842: 838: 837: 832: 827: 820: 819: 818: 808: 803: 798: 793: 786: 781: 776: 769: 764: 759: 751: 750: 746: 745: 738: 731: 726: 719: 714: 709: 704: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 675:Toropets–Kholm 672: 665: 660: 654: 653: 649: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 627: 626: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 524: 523: 519: 518: 513: 508: 502: 501: 497: 494: 493: 484: 483: 476: 469: 461: 453: 452: 442: 441: 432: 431: 425: 424: 423: 422: 419: 418: 417: 416: 410: 407: 399: 398: 397: 394: 391: 382: 381: 377: 376: 372:616 tanks and 370: 366:294 tanks and 363: 362: 358: 357: 356: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 321: 320: 315: 313:2nd Tank Corps 310: 305: 300: 288: 287: 286: 278: 270: 254: 253: 252:Units involved 249: 248: 246: 245: 240: 233: 232: 230:Aleksey Zhadov 227: 222: 216: 214: 212: 211: 204: 203: 198: 192: 189: 188: 184: 183: 168: 152: 151: 147: 146: 143: 142: 140:§ Outcome 136: 132: 131: 88: 86: 82: 81: 78: 76: 68: 67: 44: 43: 28: 27: 21: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10491: 10480: 10477: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10431: 10429: 10419: 10409: 10408: 10405: 10391: 10387: 10384: 10380: 10377: 10376: 10371: 10364: 10363: 10360: 10347: 10343: 10340: 10336: 10333: 10329: 10328: 10326: 10322: 10317: 10313: 10312: 10310: 10309:Kuril Islands 10306: 10303: 10299: 10294: 10290: 10289: 10287: 10283: 10280: 10276: 10273: 10269: 10266: 10262: 10259: 10255: 10250: 10246: 10245: 10243: 10239: 10236: 10232: 10229: 10225: 10222: 10218: 10215: 10211: 10208: 10204: 10201: 10197: 10194: 10190: 10187: 10183: 10180: 10176: 10173: 10169: 10166: 10162: 10159: 10155: 10152: 10148: 10145: 10141: 10140: 10138: 10136: 10132: 10125: 10121: 10116: 10115: 10110: 10109: 10107: 10103: 10100: 10096: 10091: 10087: 10086: 10084: 10080: 10077: 10076:Syrmian Front 10073: 10070: 10066: 10063: 10059: 10056: 10052: 10049: 10048: 10043: 10040: 10039: 10034: 10031: 10027: 10024: 10023: 10022:Market Garden 10018: 10015: 10011: 10008: 10004: 10001: 9997: 9994: 9993: 9988: 9985: 9981: 9978: 9974: 9971: 9967: 9964: 9960: 9957: 9953: 9950: 9946: 9943: 9942: 9937: 9934: 9930: 9927: 9926: 9921: 9918: 9917: 9912: 9909: 9908: 9903: 9900: 9896: 9893: 9889: 9886: 9882: 9881:Monte Cassino 9878: 9875: 9874: 9869: 9868: 9866: 9864: 9860: 9853: 9849: 9844: 9840: 9837: 9833: 9832: 9830: 9826: 9823: 9819: 9816: 9812: 9809: 9805: 9802: 9798: 9793: 9789: 9788: 9786: 9782: 9779: 9775: 9772: 9771: 9766: 9763: 9759: 9756: 9752: 9749: 9745: 9742: 9738: 9735: 9731: 9728: 9724: 9721: 9717: 9714: 9710: 9709: 9707: 9705: 9701: 9694: 9690: 9687: 9686: 9681: 9678: 9674: 9671: 9667: 9664: 9663: 9658: 9655: 9651: 9648: 9644: 9641: 9637: 9634: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9619: 9616: 9612: 9611: 9609: 9605: 9602: 9598: 9595: 9591: 9588: 9584: 9581: 9577: 9574: 9570: 9567: 9563: 9560: 9556: 9553: 9549: 9546: 9542: 9539: 9535: 9534: 9532: 9530: 9526: 9519: 9515: 9512: 9508: 9505: 9501: 9498: 9494: 9491: 9487: 9484: 9480: 9477: 9473: 9470: 9466: 9463: 9459: 9456: 9452: 9449: 9445: 9442: 9438: 9435: 9431: 9428: 9424: 9421: 9417: 9414: 9410: 9407: 9403: 9400: 9396: 9393: 9389: 9385: 9384: 9379: 9375: 9370: 9366: 9365: 9363: 9359: 9356: 9352: 9349: 9345: 9342: 9338: 9335: 9331: 9326: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9315: 9312: 9308: 9305: 9301: 9298: 9294: 9293: 9291: 9289: 9285: 9278: 9277: 9272: 9269: 9265: 9262: 9258: 9255: 9251: 9248: 9247:Baltic states 9244: 9241: 9237: 9234: 9230: 9227: 9223: 9220: 9216: 9213: 9209: 9206: 9202: 9199: 9195: 9192: 9188: 9185: 9181: 9178: 9174: 9171: 9167: 9164: 9160: 9157: 9153: 9150: 9146: 9145: 9143: 9141: 9137: 9130: 9126: 9123: 9119: 9116: 9112: 9109: 9105: 9102: 9098: 9095: 9091: 9088: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9079: 9075: 9066: 9062: 9059: 9055: 9052: 9048: 9045: 9041: 9038: 9034: 9033: 9031: 9027: 9022: 9018: 9015: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9004: 8999: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8988: 8987: 8985: 8983: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8970: 8959: 8955: 8952: 8948: 8943: 8939: 8936: 8932: 8931: 8927: 8922: 8918: 8917: 8915: 8911: 8908: 8904: 8899: 8895: 8892: 8891:United States 8888: 8883: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8872: 8871: 8867: 8864: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8855: 8851: 8844: 8840: 8835: 8831: 8828: 8827:Quốc dân Đảng 8824: 8823: 8819: 8816: 8812: 8809: 8805: 8802: 8798: 8795: 8791: 8788: 8784: 8781: 8777: 8774: 8770: 8767: 8763: 8760: 8756: 8753: 8749: 8746: 8742: 8739: 8735: 8732: 8728: 8725: 8721: 8716: 8712: 8709: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8698: 8695: 8691: 8688: 8684: 8681: 8677: 8674: 8670: 8667: 8663: 8660: 8656: 8653: 8649: 8646: 8642: 8639: 8635: 8632: 8628: 8625: 8621: 8618: 8614: 8611: 8607: 8604: 8600: 8597: 8593: 8590: 8586: 8585: 8583: 8581: 8577: 8570: 8566: 8563: 8559: 8556: 8552: 8549: 8545: 8542: 8538: 8535: 8531: 8528: 8527:Liechtenstein 8524: 8521: 8517: 8514: 8510: 8507: 8503: 8500: 8496: 8495: 8493: 8491: 8487: 8480: 8476: 8473: 8469: 8466: 8462: 8458: 8454: 8451: 8447: 8444: 8440: 8437: 8433: 8428: 8424: 8423: 8420: 8416: 8413: 8409: 8406: 8402: 8399: 8395: 8392: 8388: 8385: 8381: 8377: 8373: 8370: 8366: 8363: 8359: 8355: 8351: 8348: 8344: 8343: 8341: 8339: 8335: 8328: 8324: 8319: 8315: 8314: 8312: 8311:United States 8308: 8303: 8299: 8298: 8296: 8292: 8289: 8285: 8282: 8278: 8275: 8271: 8268: 8264: 8261: 8257: 8253: 8249: 8245: 8242: 8238: 8235: 8231: 8228: 8224: 8221: 8217: 8214: 8210: 8207: 8203: 8200: 8196: 8193: 8189: 8185: 8181: 8177: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8163: 8160: 8156: 8153: 8149: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8133: 8129: 8126: 8122: 8119: 8115: 8112: 8108: 8105: 8101: 8098: 8094: 8091: 8087: 8083: 8079: 8075: 8072: 8068: 8065: 8061: 8058: 8054: 8051: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8029: 8016: 8012: 8009: 8005: 8002: 8001:Comfort women 7998: 7995: 7991: 7988: 7985: / 7984: 7980: 7977: 7974: / 7973: 7970: / 7969: 7965: 7962: 7961:Camp brothels 7958: 7955: 7951: 7950: 7946: 7943: 7939: 7934: 7930: 7927: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7916: 7911: 7907: 7904: 7900: 7897: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7886: 7883: 7879: 7874: 7870: 7865: 7861: 7858: 7854: 7853: 7851: 7850:The Holocaust 7847: 7844: 7840: 7837: 7836:forced labour 7833: 7832: 7830: 7826: 7821: 7817: 7814: 7810: 7807: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7791: 7787: 7780: 7776: 7773: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7757: 7753: 7750: 7746: 7743: 7739: 7736: 7732: 7731: 7729: 7725: 7722: 7721: 7716: 7713: 7712: 7707: 7704: 7700: 7697: 7693: 7690: 7689:Marshall Plan 7686: 7683: 7682: 7677: 7674: 7670: 7667: 7663: 7660: 7656: 7653: 7649: 7646: 7642: 7639: 7635: 7632: 7628: 7625: 7621: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7612: 7605: 7601: 7596: 7592: 7591: 7589: 7585: 7582: 7578: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7562: 7559: 7555: 7554: 7552: 7548: 7543: 7542:Eastern Front 7539: 7536: 7535:Western Front 7532: 7531: 7529: 7525: 7520: 7516: 7513: 7509: 7506: 7502: 7499: 7495: 7492: 7488: 7485: 7481: 7480: 7478: 7474: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7465: 7458: 7454: 7451: 7447: 7444: 7440: 7437: 7433: 7430: 7429:Puppet states 7426: 7423: 7419: 7416: 7412: 7407: 7403: 7400: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7389: 7386: 7382: 7379: 7375: 7372: 7371:Naval history 7368: 7365: 7361: 7358: 7354: 7351: 7347: 7342: 7338: 7337: 7335: 7331: 7328: 7324: 7319: 7318:United States 7315: 7312: 7308: 7305: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7294: 7291: 7287: 7284: 7280: 7277: 7273: 7270: 7266: 7263: 7259: 7256: 7252: 7247: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7236: 7235: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7224: 7220: 7213: 7209: 7206: 7202: 7197: 7193: 7190: 7186: 7183: 7179: 7178: 7174: 7169: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7158: 7155: 7151: 7150: 7147: 7143: 7136: 7131: 7129: 7124: 7122: 7117: 7116: 7113: 7098: 7094: 7082: 7078: 7073: 7061: 7057: 7052: 7040: 7036: 7034: 7028: 7016: 7012: 7008: 6996: 6992: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6970: 6968:5-17-039548-5 6964: 6960: 6951: 6947: 6945:9781472859082 6941: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6889: 6884: 6880: 6874: 6870: 6865: 6861: 6855: 6851: 6846: 6842: 6840:0-7146-4077-8 6836: 6832: 6828: 6827:Glantz, David 6824: 6820: 6814: 6810: 6809: 6804: 6800: 6796: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6768: 6764: 6759: 6758: 6747: 6745:0-7146-5052-8 6741: 6737: 6732: 6728: 6722: 6718: 6714: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6684: 6678: 6674: 6668: 6664: 6659: 6655: 6649: 6645: 6640: 6636: 6630: 6626: 6621: 6617: 6611: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6595: 6591: 6589:0-14-027169-4 6585: 6581: 6580:Penguin Books 6576: 6575: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6542: 6538: 6532: 6528: 6523: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6498: 6494: 6492:0-306-81150-2 6488: 6484: 6483:Da Capo Press 6480: 6475: 6471: 6469:1-84574-069-6 6465: 6461: 6457: 6453: 6452:Gleave, T. P. 6448: 6444: 6438: 6434: 6429: 6425: 6419: 6415: 6410: 6406: 6394: 6388: 6386:0-7146-4933-3 6382: 6378: 6373: 6369: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6350: 6346: 6340: 6336: 6331: 6327: 6321: 6317: 6312: 6308: 6302: 6298: 6293: 6289: 6283: 6279: 6274: 6273: 6267: 6262: 6255: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6222: 6210: 6202: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6157: 6153: 6147: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6118: 6114: 6108: 6104: 6099: 6096: 6090: 6086: 6081: 6077: 6071: 6066: 6065: 6058: 6057: 6045: 6040: 6033: 6028: 6021: 6017: 6012: 6005: 6000: 5993: 5992:Schranck 2013 5989: 5985: 5980: 5973: 5968: 5966: 5958: 5953: 5946: 5941: 5934: 5929: 5922: 5917: 5910: 5905: 5898: 5893: 5886: 5881: 5874: 5869: 5867: 5859: 5855: 5854:Schranck 2013 5851: 5847: 5843: 5838: 5831: 5826: 5819: 5814: 5807: 5802: 5796:, p. 86. 5795: 5791: 5786: 5779: 5774: 5767: 5762: 5760: 5752: 5747: 5740: 5735: 5728: 5723: 5716: 5711: 5704: 5699: 5692: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5673: 5668: 5661: 5656: 5649: 5644: 5637: 5632: 5625: 5620: 5618: 5610: 5605: 5603: 5601: 5593: 5588: 5581: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5564: 5559: 5552: 5547: 5545: 5537: 5532: 5526:, p. 87. 5525: 5520: 5513: 5508: 5501: 5496: 5489: 5484: 5477: 5472: 5465: 5460: 5454:, p. 24. 5453: 5448: 5441: 5436: 5430:, p. 70. 5429: 5424: 5418:, p. 98. 5417: 5412: 5410: 5402: 5397: 5390: 5385: 5378: 5373: 5366: 5361: 5354: 5349: 5342: 5337: 5335: 5327: 5322: 5315: 5310: 5308: 5300: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5281: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5264: 5259: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5239: 5232: 5227: 5225: 5217: 5212: 5205: 5200: 5198: 5190: 5185: 5183: 5175: 5170: 5163: 5158: 5151: 5146: 5139: 5134: 5127: 5122: 5120: 5112: 5107: 5100: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5083: 5078: 5076: 5068: 5063: 5056: 5051: 5044: 5039: 5032: 5027: 5020: 5015: 5008: 5003: 5001: 4993: 4988: 4981: 4976: 4969: 4964: 4957: 4952: 4945: 4940: 4933: 4928: 4922:, p. 80. 4921: 4916: 4914: 4906: 4901: 4894: 4889: 4882: 4877: 4870: 4865: 4858: 4853: 4846: 4841: 4834: 4829: 4822: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4801: 4796: 4789: 4784: 4777: 4772: 4765: 4760: 4758: 4750: 4745: 4738: 4733: 4731: 4723: 4718: 4711: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4694: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4665: 4663: 4655: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4638: 4633: 4626: 4621: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4595: 4590: 4583: 4578: 4571: 4566: 4559: 4554: 4547: 4542: 4540: 4533:, p. 96. 4532: 4527: 4520: 4515: 4513: 4505: 4500: 4493: 4488: 4481: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4460: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4439: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4422: 4417: 4410: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4391: 4386: 4379: 4374: 4367: 4362: 4355: 4350: 4343: 4338: 4331: 4326: 4319: 4314: 4307: 4302: 4295: 4290: 4288: 4280: 4275: 4268: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4251: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4232: 4227: 4220: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4195: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4165: 4158: 4153: 4146: 4141: 4134: 4129: 4122: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4105: 4100: 4093: 4088: 4086: 4078: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4061: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4042: 4037: 4030: 4025: 4018: 4013: 4006: 4001: 3995:, p. 79. 3994: 3989: 3987: 3979: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3962: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3943: 3938: 3931: 3926: 3919: 3914: 3907: 3902: 3895: 3890: 3888: 3880: 3875: 3873: 3865: 3860: 3858: 3856: 3848: 3843: 3836: 3831: 3825:, p. 95. 3824: 3819: 3812: 3807: 3800: 3795: 3788: 3783: 3776: 3771: 3764: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3745: 3737: 3732: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3708: 3701: 3696: 3689: 3685: 3680: 3673: 3668: 3661: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3644: 3639: 3632: 3627: 3620: 3615: 3608: 3603: 3596: 3591: 3584: 3579: 3572: 3567: 3560: 3555: 3548: 3543: 3536: 3531: 3524: 3519: 3512: 3507: 3500: 3495: 3488: 3483: 3476: 3471: 3464: 3459: 3452: 3447: 3440: 3435: 3429:, p. 98. 3428: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3404: 3399: 3392: 3387: 3380: 3375: 3368: 3363: 3356: 3351: 3344: 3339: 3332: 3327: 3320: 3315: 3308: 3303: 3297:, p. 55. 3296: 3291: 3284: 3279: 3272: 3267: 3261:, p. 25. 3260: 3255: 3248: 3243: 3236: 3231: 3225:, p. 43. 3224: 3219: 3212: 3207: 3200: 3195: 3188: 3183: 3181: 3174:, p. 81. 3173: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3142: 3133: 3124: 3118:, p. 48. 3117: 3112: 3105: 3100: 3098: 3093: 3080: 3074: 3072: 3064: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3046: 3040: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3020: 3013: 3009: 3003: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2978: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2956: 2954: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2932: 2930: 2922: 2918: 2917:1st Tank Army 2912: 2910: 2899: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2858: 2856: 2851: 2838: 2829: 2825: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2799: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2773: 2764: 2761: 2757: 2751: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2731: 2722: 2720: 2716: 2714: 2709: 2708:Leibstandarte 2705: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2677: 2671: 2661: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2640: 2639:Leibstandarte 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2575: 2573: 2569: 2568:Leibstandarte 2565: 2561: 2554: 2544: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2484: 2482: 2478: 2471: 2470:Leibstandarte 2467: 2463: 2453: 2451: 2444: 2440: 2439:Leibstandarte 2436: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2410: 2403: 2401: 2395: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2383:Leibstandarte 2375: 2366: 2364: 2359: 2356: 2352: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2303: 2298: 2296: 2291: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2272: 2267: 2263: 2262:BK 3,7 cannon 2261: 2256: 2255:Junkers Ju 87 2252: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2234:Leibstandarte 2231: 2227: 2223: 2222: 2215: 2213: 2212:Theodor Eicke 2206: 2202: 2201:Leibstandarte 2198: 2194: 2186: 2185:Leibstandarte 2181: 2179: 2171: 2170:Leibstandarte 2167: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2140: 2139:Leibstandarte 2136: 2132: 2125: 2124:Leibstandarte 2120: 2111: 2108: 2101: 2100:Leibstandarte 2094: 2093:Leibstandarte 2084: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2069:Theodor Eicke 2063: 2058: 2057:Leibstandarte 2053: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2004:Leibstandarte 1998: 1994: 1993:Leibstandarte 1990: 1986: 1985:Leibstandarte 1982: 1978: 1971: 1970:Leibstandarte 1963: 1962:Leibstandarte 1959: 1958:Leibstandarte 1955: 1953: 1949: 1948:Leibstandarte 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1932:Leibstandarte 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1916:Leibstandarte 1913: 1912: 1903: 1902:Eastern Front 1899: 1895: 1890: 1880: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1860:Major General 1857: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1832:17th Air Army 1829: 1824: 1821: 1817: 1812: 1810: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1791: 1788: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1760: 1753: 1752:Leibstandarte 1749: 1748:Leibstandarte 1742: 1738: 1734: 1733:Leibstandarte 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721:Leibstandarte 1706: 1700: 1699:Leibstandarte 1695: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1684:Leibstandarte 1681: 1680:Leibstandarte 1677: 1673: 1665: 1661: 1660:Leibstandarte 1656: 1654: 1650: 1649:Leibstandarte 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1629:Leibstandarte 1621: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1600: 1594: 1593: 1586: 1584: 1578: 1570: 1561: 1557: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1546: 1541: 1535: 1533: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1514: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1446:anti-tank gun 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1418: 1417:8th Air Corps 1414: 1412: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1377: 1373: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1354: 1349: 1345: 1342: 1341:Field Marshal 1337: 1335: 1334:Georgy Zhukov 1330: 1329:Joseph Stalin 1327: 1322: 1321: 1315: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1271: 1269: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1218: 1213: 1212: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1179: 1174: 1171:attacked the 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1157:Eastern Front 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1135: 1130: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1074: 1069: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1011: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 979: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 952: 948: 947: 943: 942: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 898: 894: 892: 891: 887: 885: 882: 880: 879: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 844: 840: 839: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 825: 821: 817: 814: 813: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 791: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 774: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 757: 753: 752: 748: 747: 744: 743: 742:Little Saturn 739: 737: 736: 732: 730: 729:Velikiye Luki 727: 725: 724: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 702: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 670: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 655: 651: 650: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 625: 624: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 587: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 532: 531: 530: 526: 525: 521: 520: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 503: 500:Naval warfare 499: 498: 495: 490: 489:Eastern Front 482: 477: 475: 470: 468: 463: 462: 459: 445: 429: 420: 415: 411: 408: 405: 404: 403: 400: 395: 392: 389: 388: 387: 384: 383: 378: 375: 371: 369: 365: 364: 359: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 325: 324: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 295: 294: 293: 289: 285: 284: 279: 277: 276: 271: 269: 268: 263: 262: 261: 260: 256: 255: 250: 244: 241: 239: 236: 235: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 217: 215: 210: 207: 206: 202: 199: 197: 194: 193: 191: 190: 185: 181: 169: 166: 154: 153: 148: 141: 137: 134: 133: 128: 99: 95: 91: 87: 84: 83: 79:12 July 1943 77: 74: 73: 69: 65: 60: 56: 50: 45: 42: 38: 37:Eastern Front 34: 29: 24: 19: 10418:Soviet Union 10383:Bibliography 10366: 10179:Project Hula 10144:Vistula–Oder 10113: 10046: 10037: 10021: 9991: 9940: 9924: 9915: 9906: 9872: 9769: 9684: 9660: 9630: 9381: 9274: 9219:North Africa 8921:Soviet Union 8875:Soviet Union 8801:Soviet Union 8569:Vatican City 8479:Vichy France 8384:German Reich 8281:Soviet Union 8267:South Africa 8260:Sierra Leone 8213:Newfoundland 8032:Participants 8015:Marocchinate 7719: 7710: 7680: 7558:North Africa 7519:Indian Ocean 7378:Nazi plunder 7269:Cryptography 7142:World War II 7100:. Retrieved 7085:. Retrieved 7081:the original 7064:. Retrieved 7060:the original 7043:. Retrieved 7039:the original 7032: 7019:. Retrieved 7015:the original 6999:. Retrieved 6995:the original 6990: 6958: 6935: 6916: 6912: 6891: 6887: 6868: 6849: 6830: 6806: 6784: 6762: 6735: 6716: 6712: 6687: 6681: 6662: 6643: 6624: 6606:Random House 6604:. New York: 6601: 6578:. New York: 6573: 6545: 6526: 6514:. Retrieved 6510:the original 6506:World War II 6505: 6478: 6459: 6432: 6413: 6392: 6376: 6353: 6334: 6315: 6296: 6271: 6254:the original 6239: 6186: 6160: 6141: 6138:Clark, Lloyd 6130:the original 6125: 6102: 6089:the original 6063: 6053:Bibliography 6039: 6032:Zamulin 2012 6027: 6020:Zamulin 2012 6011: 5999: 5988:Zamulin 2012 5979: 5952: 5940: 5928: 5916: 5909:Zamulin 2011 5904: 5892: 5880: 5873:Zamulin 2012 5858:Zamulin 2012 5837: 5825: 5813: 5806:Zamulin 2011 5801: 5785: 5778:Zamulin 2011 5773: 5746: 5734: 5722: 5715:Zamulin 2017 5710: 5703:Frieser 2017 5698: 5691:Zamulin 2011 5667: 5655: 5643: 5631: 5609:Frieser 2017 5587: 5558: 5551:Zamulin 2011 5536:Zamulin 2011 5531: 5519: 5507: 5495: 5488:Barbier 2002 5483: 5476:Zamulin 2011 5471: 5459: 5447: 5435: 5423: 5396: 5384: 5372: 5360: 5353:Barbier 2002 5348: 5321: 5258: 5247:Barbier 2002 5238: 5211: 5169: 5157: 5145: 5133: 5111:Zamulin 2012 5106: 5062: 5050: 5038: 5026: 5014: 4987: 4975: 4963: 4951: 4939: 4927: 4900: 4888: 4876: 4864: 4857:Zamulin 2011 4852: 4840: 4828: 4795: 4783: 4771: 4744: 4717: 4688: 4676: 4632: 4625:Zamulin 2011 4601: 4594:Barbier 2002 4589: 4577: 4565: 4553: 4526: 4499: 4487: 4416: 4385: 4373: 4361: 4349: 4337: 4325: 4313: 4301: 4274: 4226: 4164: 4152: 4145:Zamulin 2011 4140: 4128: 4099: 4036: 4024: 4012: 4000: 3942:Zamulin 2011 3937: 3925: 3913: 3901: 3842: 3830: 3818: 3806: 3794: 3782: 3770: 3758: 3736:Zamulin 2011 3731: 3724:Zamulin 2011 3719: 3707: 3700:Zamulin 2011 3695: 3688:Zamulin 2011 3679: 3667: 3638: 3626: 3614: 3602: 3590: 3578: 3566: 3559:Zamulin 2011 3554: 3542: 3530: 3518: 3506: 3494: 3482: 3475:Zamulin 2011 3470: 3458: 3451:Zamulin 2011 3446: 3434: 3427:Zamulin 2011 3422: 3410: 3398: 3386: 3374: 3362: 3350: 3338: 3326: 3314: 3302: 3290: 3278: 3266: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3218: 3206: 3194: 3187:Zamulin 2017 3141: 3132: 3123: 3111: 3019: 3002: 2977: 2898: 2863:Zamulin 2011 2835: 2826: 2822: 2813: 2800: 2796: 2774: 2770: 2752: 2736: 2712: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2683: 2669: 2667: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2638: 2615:Southwestern 2612: 2607: 2603: 2595: 2587: 2583: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2556: 2541: 2529:Walter Model 2521:East Prussia 2506: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2480: 2476: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2459: 2449: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2431: 2424:interceded. 2407: 2404: 2399: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2380: 2360: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2311: 2301: 2294: 2287: 2269: 2259: 2250: 2247: 2237: 2233: 2219: 2216: 2211: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2184: 2182: 2169: 2165: 2162: 2152: 2143: 2138: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2106: 2099: 2092: 2090: 2081: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2061: 2056: 2054: 2033:Guards units 2030: 2015: 2011: 2003: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1969: 1961: 1957: 1956: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1928:assault guns 1923: 1919: 1915: 1909: 1907: 1844: 1828:2nd Air Army 1825: 1808: 1792: 1783: 1758: 1751: 1747: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1729:Kartashyovka 1724: 1720: 1717: 1698: 1696: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1663: 1659: 1657: 1652: 1648: 1640: 1628: 1626: 1612: 1603: 1598: 1591: 1587: 1579: 1575: 1558: 1550: 1543: 1536: 1532:Donets River 1529: 1521: 1519: 1461:Steppe Front 1423: 1421: 1410: 1406:Otto Deßloch 1390:Hermann Hoth 1379:Paul Hausser 1368: 1359: 1356:Adolf Hitler 1338: 1311: 1265: 1259: 1248: 1229: 1227: 1223:Steppe Front 1216: 1209: 1187: 1185:in history. 1183:tank battles 1176: 1153:Soviet Union 1140: 1138: 1084: 1008: 989:Lake Balaton 977: 962:East Prussia 951:Vistula–Oder 949: 895: 888: 876: 822: 811:2nd Smolensk 788: 772: 755: 741: 734: 721: 699: 667: 646:Air war 1941 621: 584: 560:1st Smolensk 527: 516:Arctic Ocean 401: 385: 368:assault guns 323:Other units 322: 290: 282: 274: 266: 257: 209:Otto Deßloch 201:Paul Hausser 196:Hermann Hoth 180:Soviet Union 150:Belligerents 98:Soviet Union 94:Russian SFSR 41:World War II 31:Part of the 18: 10114:Bodenplatte 10000:Gothic Line 9226:West Africa 8773:Philippines 8752:Netherlands 8617:Czech lands 8555:Switzerland 8499:Afghanistan 8450:Philippines 8318:Puerto Rico 8234:Philippines 8220:New Zealand 8206:Netherlands 8159:Free France 7910:Prosecution 7711:Osoaviakhim 7581:West Africa 7565:East Africa 7212:Conferences 7031:"Review of 6217:|work= 6004:Newton 2002 5972:Newton 2002 5897:Glantz 2012 5624:Bauman 1998 5563:Bauman 1998 5452:Newton 2002 4610:Moscow Time 3684:Newton 2002 3643:Bauman 1998 3367:Glantz 2013 3283:Glantz 2013 3259:Glantz 1986 2625:across the 2592:Belenikhino 2517:Wolf's Lair 2489:Komsomolets 2433:instructed 2342:Komsomolets 2230:half-tracks 2178:direct fire 2166:Komsomolets 2135:tank desant 1979:Battalion. 1977:Panzerjäger 1904:, July 1943 1850:the Soviet 1604:Komsomolets 1502:Panzer IIIs 1263:elsewhere. 1145:Prokhorovka 1085:Prokhorovka 784:Gorky Blitz 779:3rd Kharkov 695:2nd Kharkov 597:1st Kharkov 592:Sea of Azov 402:on 12 July 386:on 12 July 122: / 90:Prokhorovka 55:Prokhorovka 10428:Categories 10214:West Hunan 10047:Pointblank 9383:Silver Fox 9369:Summer War 9122:Winter War 9101:Phoney War 8882:Azerbaijan 8843:Yugoslavia 8738:Luxembourg 8580:Resistance 8327:Yugoslavia 8192:Luxembourg 7994:Sook Ching 7790:War crimes 7392:Technology 7385:Opposition 7327:Lend-Lease 7304:Australian 7297:Home front 7255:Blitzkrieg 7205:Casualties 7196:Commanders 7168:Operations 7087:1 November 5984:Clark 2012 5885:Clark 2012 5790:Clark 2012 5751:Overy 1997 5636:Healy 2010 5401:Clark 2012 5389:Healy 2010 5377:Clark 2012 5365:Healy 2010 5314:Healy 2010 5299:Clark 2012 5263:Clark 2012 5251:Clark 2012 5231:Clark 2012 5204:Clark 2012 5082:Clark 2012 5043:Clark 2012 5031:Clark 2012 4980:Clark 2012 4968:Clark 2012 4749:Clark 2012 4722:Clark 2012 4570:Clark 2012 4558:Clark 2012 4421:Clark 2012 4378:Healy 2008 4306:Healy 2008 4294:Clark 2012 4279:Healy 2008 4219:Brand 2003 4173:Brand 2003 4060:Clark 2012 3930:Clark 2012 3906:Clark 2012 3894:Clark 2012 3835:Clark 2012 3799:Clark 2012 3787:Clark 2012 3775:Clark 2012 3712:Clark 2012 3660:Clark 2012 3607:Clark 2012 3595:Clark 2012 3523:Healy 2008 3499:Clark 2012 3487:Clark 2012 3415:Clark 2012 3391:Clark 2012 3319:Clark 2012 3307:Clark 2012 3271:Clark 2012 3247:Clark 2012 3223:Healy 2008 3211:Clark 2012 2995:Clark 2012 2962:Clark 2012 2883:Clark 2012 2841:References 2584:Der Führer 2481:Oktyabrsky 2363:air combat 2353:, not the 2260:Bordkanone 2244:Air combat 2238:Oktyabrsky 2193:Oktyabrsky 2107:Oktyabrsky 1877:See also: 1852:7th Guards 1809:Jagdpanzer 1807:Ferdinand 1799:88 mm guns 1664:Oktyabrsky 1607:State Farm 1468:Ivan Konev 1438:minefields 1411:Luftflotte 1320:rasputitsa 1274:Background 1194:enveloping 908:2nd Baltic 903:Dukla Pass 890:Doppelkopf 862:2nd Crimea 806:2nd Donbas 796:1st Donbas 773:Polar Star 723:Stalingrad 607:Sevastopol 602:1st Crimea 545:1st Baltic 529:Barbarossa 506:Baltic Sea 110:36°44′11″E 64:Psel River 10279:Manchuria 10165:Indochina 9941:Bagration 9392:Lithuania 9037:Anschluss 8834:Viet Minh 8731:Lithuania 8673:Hong Kong 8443:Manchukuo 8398:Azad Hind 8057:Australia 7857:Aftermath 7720:Paperclip 7615:Aftermath 7415:Total war 7283:Diplomacy 7246:In Europe 7102:12 August 6704:144132258 6454:(2004) . 6250:320412485 6219:ignored ( 6209:cite book 6044:Nipe 2012 5794:Nipe 2012 5739:Nipe 2012 5660:Nipe 2012 5524:Nipe 2012 5428:Nipe 2012 5243:Nipe 2012 4992:Nipe 2012 4944:Nipe 2010 4881:Nipe 2010 4869:Nipe 2010 4821:Nipe 1998 4800:Nipe 2010 4788:Nipe 2010 4776:Nipe 2010 4710:Nipe 2010 4681:Nipe 2010 4366:Nipe 2012 4250:Nipe 2010 4231:Nipe 2010 4177:Nipe 2010 4092:Dunn 1997 3961:Nipe 2010 3879:Dunn 1997 3864:Nipe 2010 3089:Citations 2875:Nipe 1998 2704:Totenkopf 2695:Panzer II 2670:Wehrmacht 2658:Totenkopf 2654:Das Reich 2650:Totenkopf 2646:Das Reich 2608:Totenkopf 2604:Das Reich 2596:Das Reich 2588:Das Reich 2572:Das Reich 2564:Totenkopf 2560:Das Reich 2497:Totenkopf 2493:Totenkopf 2477:Totenkopf 2466:Totenkopf 2462:Totenkopf 2450:Das Reich 2443:Totenkopf 2435:Totenkopf 2400:Totenkopf 2392:Das Reich 2387:Totenkopf 2312:Luftwaffe 2251:Luftwaffe 2224:magnetic 2205:Totenkopf 2197:Totenkopf 2077:Totenkopf 2073:Das Reich 2062:Totenkopf 2012:Totenkopf 1997:Totenkopf 1989:Totenkopf 1981:Das Reich 1952:Das Reich 1944:Totenkopf 1940:Totenkopf 1936:Das Reich 1924:Totenkopf 1920:Das Reich 1911:Waffen-SS 1894:Panzer IV 1816:Panzer IV 1759:Das Reich 1741:Totenkopf 1737:Das Reich 1725:Totenkopf 1688:Das Reich 1676:Totenkopf 1672:Totenkopf 1653:Das Reich 1641:Totenkopf 1613:Das Reich 1602:captured 1592:Totenkopf 1545:Luftwaffe 1260:Wehrmacht 1231:Wehrmacht 1178:Waffen-SS 1151:, in the 933:Gumbinnen 878:Bagration 717:Sinyavino 701:Case Blue 586:Leningrad 511:Black Sea 283:Totenkopf 275:Das Reich 107:51°2′11″N 10390:Category 10339:document 10249:document 10106:Ardennes 10090:Budapest 10038:Crossbow 9916:Overlord 9755:Smolensk 8973:Timeline 8808:Slovakia 8794:Thailand 8645:Ethiopia 8610:Bulgaria 8534:Portugal 8472:Thailand 8354:Bulgaria 8132:Eswatini 8125:Ethiopia 8078:Bulgaria 7903:Unit 731 7864:Response 7681:Keelhaul 7631:Cold War 7604:Americas 7595:timeline 7588:Atlantic 7468:Theaters 6829:(1991). 6805:(2010). 6783:(2012). 6600:(2013). 6570:(1997). 6268:(1995). 6185:(2017). 6140:(2012). 2691:Panzer I 2635:Belgorod 2631:6th Army 2619:Southern 2533:9th Army 2266:gun pods 2142:attack. 1847:Rzhavets 1830:and the 1709:Planning 1169:Red Army 1105:Belgorod 978:Solstice 938:Budapest 928:Courland 918:Debrecen 913:Belgrade 835:2nd Kiev 707:Caucasus 680:Demyansk 641:Chechnya 575:1st Kiev 361:Strength 85:Location 10316:Shumshu 10083:Hungary 10030:Estonia 10014:Lapland 9992:Dragoon 9925:Neptune 9907:Ichi-Go 9873:Tempest 9815:Changde 9770:Cottage 9662:Jubilee 9378:Finland 9276:Compass 8982:Prelude 8935:Finland 8821:Vietnam 8787:Romania 8659:Germany 8638:Estonia 8624:Denmark 8603:Belgium 8596:Austria 8589:Albania 8520:Ireland 8506:Andorra 8490:Neutral 8457:Romania 8391:Hungary 8376:Finland 8248:Romania 8140:Finland 8118:Denmark 8064:Belgium 8050:Algeria 7756:Romania 7742:Hungary 7498:Pacific 7222:General 7176:Leaders 7161:Battles 7154:Outline 7066:19 June 7045:17 July 7021:17 July 7001:17 July 6516:17 July 6458:(ed.). 2903:listed. 2806:during 2767:Outcome 2740:SU-122s 2308:sorties 1900:on the 1892:German 1454:General 1376:General 1238:, with 1219:Reserve 1198:salient 1110:Kharkov 1090:Kutuzov 1080:Citadel 972:Breslau 967:Silesia 872:Karelia 824:Dnieper 690:Bamberg 631:Finland 580:Tallinn 165:Germany 35:on the 10404:Portal 10293:Debate 10265:Taipei 10258:Borneo 9836:Tarawa 9030:Europe 8991:Africa 8780:Poland 8766:Norway 8745:Malaya 8724:Latvia 8666:Greece 8652:France 8548:Sweden 8513:Bhutan 8241:Poland 8227:Norway 8199:Mexico 8166:Greece 8152:France 8090:Canada 8071:Brazil 8041:Allies 7987:Serbia 7976:Poland 7749:Poland 7735:Baltic 7528:Europe 7230:Topics 7182:Allied 6965: 6942: 6875: 6856: 6837: 6815: 6791: 6769: 6742: 6723: 6702: 6669: 6650: 6631: 6612: 6586: 6556: 6533: 6489: 6466: 6439: 6420: 6383: 6364: 6341: 6322: 6303: 6284: 6248: 6197: 6171: 6148: 6109: 6072: 2744:SU-76s 2725:Soviet 2680:German 2673:'s 2642:'s 2599:'s 2523:. The 2473:'s 2446:'s 2409:Stavka 2322:1 and 2208:'s 2188:'s 2173:'s 2127:'s 2103:'s 2096:'s 2087:Battle 2065:'s 2000:'s 1973:'s 1965:'s 1950:, and 1938:, and 1922:, and 1755:'s 1744:'s 1702:'s 1553:Oboyan 1444:, and 1434:panzer 1353:Fuhrer 1294:pocket 1217:Stavka 1211:Stavka 1202:Hitler 1095:Roland 1016:Prague 1010:Berlin 999:Vienna 816:Lenino 658:Lyuban 623:Moscow 612:Rostov 570:Odessa 177: 162: 135:Result 10069:Leyte 9899:Narva 9885:Anzio 9843:Makin 9801:Burma 9685:Torch 9654:Rzhev 9615:Kiska 8701:Korea 8687:Japan 8680:Italy 8562:Tibet 8541:Spain 8419:Italy 8180:Italy 8173:India 8097:China 7972:Japan 7572:Italy 7484:China 7436:Women 6989:[ 6957:[ 6715:[ 6700:S2CID 6257:(PDF) 6236:(PDF) 2846:Notes 2041:T-34s 1795:Tiger 1787:Oryol 1206:Tiger 1149:Kursk 857:Narva 830:Nevel 790:Kursk 756:Iskra 685:Kholm 669:Rzhev 636:Kerch 617:Gorky 550:Brody 535:Brest 10135:1945 9863:1944 9704:1943 9632:Blue 9622:Attu 9529:1942 9288:1941 9140:1940 9078:1939 9007:Asia 8854:POWs 8694:Jews 8412:Iraq 8338:Axis 8288:Tuva 8104:Cuba 7189:Axis 7104:2017 7089:2014 7068:2013 7047:2015 7023:2015 7003:2015 6963:ISBN 6940:ISBN 6873:ISBN 6854:ISBN 6835:ISBN 6813:ISBN 6789:ISBN 6767:ISBN 6740:ISBN 6721:ISBN 6667:ISBN 6648:ISBN 6629:ISBN 6610:ISBN 6584:ISBN 6554:ISBN 6531:ISBN 6518:2015 6487:ISBN 6464:ISBN 6437:ISBN 6418:ISBN 6381:ISBN 6362:ISBN 6339:ISBN 6320:ISBN 6301:ISBN 6282:ISBN 6246:OCLC 6221:help 6195:ISBN 6169:ISBN 6146:ISBN 6107:ISBN 6070:ISBN 3077:See 3061:See 3043:see 2758:and 2742:, 3 2693:and 2656:and 2648:and 2627:Mius 2617:and 2566:and 2299:and 2199:and 2045:T-70 1896:and 1856:69th 1854:and 1803:T-34 1678:and 1523:Heer 1520:The 1504:and 1374:and 1139:The 944:1945 841:1944 749:1943 735:Mars 652:1942 565:Uman 522:1941 138:See 75:Date 6921:doi 6896:doi 6692:doi 2586:of 2531:'s 2519:in 2302:StG 2295:StG 2264:in 1506:IVs 1485:'s 1477:'s 1408:'s 1396:of 1381:'s 1366:). 412:14 39:of 10430:: 9883:/ 6917:18 6915:. 6911:. 6892:34 6890:. 6698:. 6688:25 6686:. 6608:. 6582:. 6552:. 6504:. 6485:. 6408:). 6399:, 6360:. 6280:. 6238:. 6213:: 6211:}} 6207:{{ 6193:. 6167:. 5964:^ 5865:^ 5758:^ 5679:^ 5616:^ 5599:^ 5570:^ 5543:^ 5408:^ 5333:^ 5306:^ 5287:^ 5270:^ 5223:^ 5196:^ 5181:^ 5118:^ 5089:^ 5074:^ 4999:^ 4912:^ 4807:^ 4756:^ 4729:^ 4700:^ 4661:^ 4644:^ 4617:^ 4538:^ 4511:^ 4466:^ 4445:^ 4428:^ 4397:^ 4286:^ 4257:^ 4238:^ 4201:^ 4184:^ 4175:; 4111:^ 4084:^ 4067:^ 4048:^ 3985:^ 3968:^ 3949:^ 3886:^ 3871:^ 3854:^ 3743:^ 3650:^ 3179:^ 3150:^ 3096:^ 3070:^ 3052:^ 3036:^ 2952:^ 2928:^ 2908:^ 2854:^ 2331:51 2329:JG 2320:SG 2304:77 2288:SG 2023:. 1995:. 1934:, 1918:, 1686:, 1655:. 1548:. 1489:. 1440:, 96:, 92:, 10406:: 9386:) 9380:( 8254:) 8250:( 8186:) 8182:( 8146:) 8142:( 8084:) 8080:( 7134:e 7127:t 7120:v 7106:. 7091:. 7070:. 7049:. 7035:" 7025:. 7005:. 6971:. 6948:. 6929:. 6923:: 6902:. 6898:: 6881:. 6862:. 6843:. 6821:. 6797:. 6775:. 6748:. 6729:. 6706:. 6694:: 6675:. 6656:. 6637:. 6618:. 6592:. 6562:. 6539:. 6520:. 6495:. 6472:. 6445:. 6426:. 6389:. 6370:. 6347:. 6328:. 6309:. 6290:. 6223:) 6203:. 6177:. 6154:. 6115:. 6078:. 5875:. 4823:. 4612:. 4221:. 3081:. 3065:. 3047:. 2960:( 2715:1 2326:/ 2297:2 2290:1 1413:4 1362:( 1057:e 1050:t 1043:v 480:e 473:t 466:v

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Battle of Prokhorovka

Index