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B. Max Mehl

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half of Fort Worth's incoming mail, leading the post office to put additional trucks on the Magnolia Avenue route. Despite his extensive dealings in coins, the 1929 article disclosed he did not himself collect them, feeling that he could not both collect and deal in coins; instead, he collected autographs. Both his auctions and his fixed-price coin sales were by mail-order only; if a prospective buyer showed up in Fort Worth, Mehl would discuss a purchase and even take the person to dinner, but would insist his guest return home and write to complete the purchase, stating he did not want anyone to feel under pressure to buy. From 1924 to 1926, Mehl served on the ANA's board of governors.
298:, that the thirteen applicants that month had ages ranging from 18 (Mehl's age) to 65, describing the applications as progress towards the time when every reputable coin collector or student of numismatics belonged to the ANA, adding, "the fires in the Temple of Numisma burn on and on forever." In listing the collecting interests of the applicants, Heath stated that Mehl "collects only U.S. Colonial and Territorial gold and paper money". Each application was subject to no objection being lodged against the prospective member, and Mehl was approved, becoming ANA member number 522 on July 1, 1903. 698: 338:, in a 1999 article on Mehl, found it logical that Mehl would focus on the mail order business given Fort Worth's distance from numismatic centers such as New York and Philadelphia—there would be few local collectors to patronize a coin shop in "Cow Town", as Fort Worth was known. By this time Mehl had returned to using the address on Main Street in Fort Worth. The sale was likely not a success, as most of the coins were listed on a circular Mehl sent by mail in January 1904, but the following month, he placed his first full-page advertisement in 646:, and Mehl sold another 1804 dollar in the 1946 William Cutler Atwater sale for a record-breaking price of $ 10,500. Mehl dubbed the sale of the Farouk coins the "Royal Sale", though only about six percent of the lots in the sale had been owned by Farouk. Unable to gain permission to illustrate the auction catalog cover with a portrait of Farouk, Mehl instead used an Egyptian coin that depicted Farouk, and which required no permission to display. Mehl also handled the auction of the coin collection of composer 597:, who made large coin purchases, as a customer; he was eventually successful and sold Green an estimated $ 500,000 worth of coins. His incoming mail peaked with 1.25 million pieces in 1935. Mehl proclaimed, in 1938, that he had $ 250,000 in capital, $ 500,000 in resources and “the largest numismatic establishment in the United States". In 1939, Mehl employed 50 people, and boasted that he had more people on his payroll than all other U.S. coin dealers combined. 421: 307: 630: 565: 519:, which went through over 30 editions despite being of no numismatic value. The major effect of Mehl's publicity was threefold: It made Mehl very wealthy through peddling his worthless book; it made the 1913 Liberty head nickel one of the most famous of American coins; and it stimulated the ungodly to make thousands of altered dates (mostly from 1903, 1910 or 1912) pretending to be 1913's. 33: 379: 557:, knowing that none of these extremely rare coins were to be found in circulation. Though he bought many other coins as a result, his primary purpose was to promote the sale of his catalogue, and his campaign supposedly led to transit delays in some cities as trolley conductors checked through their change. His actual purchase, for $ 200, of a rare cent, was also advertised. 514:
During the Great Depression, the Fort Worth, Tex., dealer B. Max Mehl carried on a years-long newspaper advertising campaign (which he later admitted had cost him over a million 1930s dollars!), offering to buy for $ 50 apiece any 1913 Liberty head nickels offered. This offer was not bona-fide, being
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By the 1950s, Mehl's numismatic activities were diminishing. After the Kern collection in 1950 (which he styled his "Golden Jubilee" sale), he conducted only three more auctions, the last on October 25, 1955. B. Max Mehl died on September 28, 1957, having had a serious heart condition for some time,
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According to Bowers, "in the decade of the 1940s, Mehl reached his glory." Mehl had 116 auction sales, all conducted by mail, between 1903 and 1955; those after 1940 included some that Bowers described as "awesome and incredible". Never a researcher, Mehl made exaggerations or errors in his catalogs
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failed to sell many coins to the public at the original issue price of $ 3, Mehl purchased about 10,000 (half the extant mintage) at just over face value, selling them to the public at less than the issue price well into the 1920s. Mehl similarly acquired (from Zerbe, the coin's promoter) thousands
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of the coin that could be resold to the public at high prices. The Mint refused, but did agree to strike more of the original coins, few of which were made available to the public, but were sold by Mehl at a premium above the issue price. In January 1936, with prices still rising for commemorative
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was rendered as a "b". This book, published by Alexander & Co. of Boston, was widely-sold, and coin dealers could order copies imprinted with their name and address for sale to the public for a small fee. Mehl did so, and sent out copies advertising himself, seeking to promote his business. In
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In his advertisements, Mehl urged collectors to sign up for his "Mehl-ing list". According to a 1929 article on Mehl, he was among the top five recipients of mail in Fort Worth, and during the busier part of the year, ranked second or third, though another source states he accounted for more than
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advocate for coin collecting, using newspaper and magazine ads and radio programs to spread the word." Mehl was inducted into the ANA's Numismatic Hall of Fame in 1974, and, in 2010, was part of the six-member inaugural grouping inducted into the CoinFacts Dealer Hall of Fame, established by the
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Bowers described Mehl as "America's most famous rare coin dealer of the first half of the 20th century ... was a promoter of coins and arguably did more to advance the hobby than any other individual of his time". According to numismatist Pete Smith, "Mehl is remembered as one of the great
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Among the post-1940 sales were the William Forrester Dunham Sale (1941), Fred E. Olsen (1944, containing the first 1913 Liberty Head nickel Mehl ever handled, despite his advertisements), and the duplicates from the King Farouk collection (1947). The Dunham collection included an 1804 dollar and
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ANA life member Walt Southward wrote in a 2004 article on Mehl that the dealer "achiev the status of hobby icon during the 1920s and '30s, he received numerous accolades, from the ANA and others, as he spent many thousands of dollars promoting the hobby. He was credited with being a tremendous
576:, hobbies prospered, including coin collecting. Mehl greatly expanded his campaign to sell coin books to the American public, who were receptive, liking the idea of finding a rare coin in those difficult times that might solve one's financial worries. Mehl purchased full-page advertisements in 541:, one of the great rarities of American numismatics. He turned the sale to good account in his advertising, noting that he had paid over $ 2,000 (equivalent to $ 34,164 in 2023) for an old silver dollar and wondering what rarities the reader might have undiscovered in their possession. The 416:
commented on Mehl's youth. Mehl also visited Boston and Philadelphia. In July 1906, he wrote to his customers that he was now a full-time coin dealer, something that likely came as a surprise to many of them, who assumed that he had long been one. According to Bowers, "by 1910, his innovative
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By 1907, Mehl had opened his own office at 1309 Main Street in Fort Worth. On August 18, 1907, Mehl and Ethel Rosen married, in the parlor of Ethel's uncle, Northside Fort Worth developer Sam Rosen. Ethel Mehl's family also had roots in Lithuania. They had two daughters, Lorraine and Danna.
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of numismatics". Tom LaMarre wrote, "Mehl sold more than coins, he sold an image. Ads featured the Mehl building, Mehl standing in front of his luxurious home, or other scenes intended to depict the dealer as a coin tycoon." Charles D. Horning wrote in 1995, "Mehl was truly a phenomenal
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dealers and promoters for the hobby." Daniel C. Parker called Mehl "the father of modern coin collecting ... he more than anyone before or since that time popularized our hobby. He brought it out of the affluent man's domain and made it a hobby for all ages and economic strata."
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From the age of 10, Benjamin collected cigar bands, then stamps, then coins. He dated his start as a coin dealer to 1900, likely with unusual coins taken from the cash register with his father's approval as part of his pay. In June 1903, he applied to become a member of the
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of antique coins. Located at 1200 W. Magnolia Avenue, the building was the working place of Mehl and 40 employees (an increase from 10 in 1912) who dealt with correspondence and orders from a subscription list of 70,000 customers. In the years to come, these would include
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and continued it. In 1912, Mehl moved to New York to join fellow dealer Wayte Raymond in a partnership. Mehl was concerned about his relative isolation in Texas from the rest of the numismatic world. However, after only a few weeks, Mehl returned to Fort Worth, writing in
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and sold them to his customers. In late 1919, Mehl stated that he had an advertising budget of $ 5,000 per year, and he continued to advertise in non-numismatic publications, spending $ 200 (equivalent to $ 3,515 in 2023) on a single insertion of an advertisement in
744:, agreed: "Mehl was a numismatist and much much more. He was a super promoter and comprehended human psychology to a T." Kosoff remembered, "Whatever he did, he did with a flair and a touch of class. It was always the biggest and the best or some other superlative." 709:
After Mehl's death, his executive secretary of over 40 years' service, Mary Ellen Ferguson, kept the firm going until her own death in 1961. Thereafter, Kosoff, who managed Mehl's numismatic estate, offered the trade name for sale for $ 25,000. Kenneth Nichols of
284:. While attending school, Benjamin, along with his three older brothers and one older sister, was employed in the clothing store Solomon Mehl opened at 1211 Main Street in Fort Worth. He left school at age 16 and became employed full-time as a clerk at the store. 258:). There was a growing Jewish community, and Benjamin received his initial education in its school. According to a 1906 biographical sketch, he collected coins from early childhood, and was unable to recall a time when he was not interested in them. 342:. According to numismatic author John N. Lupia III, "Apparently he was a smashing success from 1904 on." Mehl was aided in becoming a major coin dealer by C.W. Cowell, a Coloradan who was selling his collection, who sent many rare pieces to Mehl on 621:
coins (the bubble burst near the end of the year), Mehl published an advertisement urging collectors to "BUY NOW—Potential $ 10 and $ 20 coins for a fraction of their near-future value!" In 1937, Mehl published a booklet on commemorative coins.
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for $ 50, though he knew there were none in circulation to be found. This got the public to search through their pocket change looking for rare coins that Mehl might buy, and greatly increased sales of Mehl's coin books, adding to his profit.
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magazine, at an expense of $ 12.50. This proved successful as an advertising strategy, helping to transform coin collecting, once a niche hobby for the wealthy and for students of art and archeology, into a pastime for the masses.
157:, was an American dealer in coins, selling them for over half a century. The most prominent dealer in the United States, through much of the first half of the 20th century, he is credited with helping to expand the appeal of 261:
Seeking greater opportunities, in 1895 the Mehl family, including Benjamin, immigrated to the United States, arriving there in April of that year. They initially lived in New York, and settled for a time in
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as a "well illustrated sixty-four page pamphlet giving prices he pays for coins, particularly the American series, and much other valuable information". Beginning in 1908, Mehl published the more thorough
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and had his own nationwide radio program, stating in 1933 that he had spent more than $ 50,000 (equivalent to $ 1,176,864 in 2023) to advertise on more than 50 radio stations. A 1931 advertisement in
207:. Mehl was the first dealer to advertise in non-numismatic publications, helping to broaden the appeal of the hobby. He claimed to have spent over a million dollars on advertisements offering to buy a 1652: 215:
Many of his great auction sales took place in the 1940s, but by the following decade, he was becoming less active, and he died in 1957; his business continued into the 1960s. Mehl was elected to the
375:, which by 1924 had an annual sale of 70,000 copies. These sold for $ 1 (the price later increased) to members of the public who were hopeful of picking a valuable coin out of their pocket change. 553:
were everyday pocket change. During his career, Mehl sold six 1804 dollars, selling two of the six twice. Similarly, Mehl boasted of spending a million dollars advertising in vain to buy a
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that serious illness in his family had required his return, and personal matters then obliged him to remain. He stated that he had re-established himself on as large a scale as before.
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In 1906, Mehl came east for the first time, visiting New York and the coin business of Lyman H. Low for his first coin auction, where he proved an active participant. Numismatist
247:), and in a time and place when last names were often descriptive of the family trade, the Mehls may have been itinerant millers. Rachel Mehl's last name at birth was Goldstick. 1882: 292:(ANA), giving the Main Street address, and using the name "B. Max Mehl"—he would never use his first name in print. ANA Secretary George F. Heath noted in the ANA's journal, 436:, with guest contributors including some of the leading numismatists of the day. Published until 1919 with a hiatus in 1911–1912, according to Bowers it "gave 1644: 593:
brought in 9,800 book orders during the first week. Catering to both beginning and advanced collectors, Mehl worked for years to get the noted numismatist,
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self-promoter." Parker stated, "Mehl had a fantastic knowledge of human nature. Had he come along 40 or 50 years later, he would have made a fortune on
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During the commemorative coin boom of the 1930s, Mehl continued to push them, noting that they had gone up in value during the Depression years even as
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In 1916, Mehl engaged local architect Wiley G. Clarkson to design a three-story, 16,000-square-foot office building of brick, ornamented with stone
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appeared in August 1903. Likely part of a letter to Secretary Heath endorsing the magazine, they read, "I am indeed more than pleased with
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and was interred two days later, with Abe Kosoff as one of his pallbearers, in the Beth-El section of Greenwood Cemetery in Fort Worth.
682: 489: 330:. In 1903, he joined the British Numismatic Society. Mehl's first mail-order advertisement appeared in the December 1903 issue of 326:
and think it is the best publication of its kind." In October 1903, that journal reported a change of address for Mehl to Box 24,
481: 1887: 180:(ANA) in 1903 at age 18, he quickly became a full-time coin dealer, and by 1910 was one of the most well-known in the country. 216: 1758: 1489: 542: 494: 1534: 678: 749: 662: 1892: 609: 402:. In 1906, he became the first coin dealer to advertise in the national non-numismatic press, with five lines in 353:
for sale for $ .25 (equivalent to $ 8 in 2023), although in an unfortunate misspelling in the ad, the "k" in
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in groups and packets of coins sold to beginning collectors. When the promoters of the 1916- and 1917-dated
270:, likely because Rachel Mehl had family there. Benjamin was educated in the public schools of Fort Worth. A 1872: 1769: 1631: 1605: 1513: 1500: 1466: 1682: 1708: 715: 589: 250:
In 1885, the Mehl family, including Benjamin, moved to Vilkomu, in the province of Kovno (modern day
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Mehl did not limit himself to advertisements in the numismatic press. Beginning in 1904, he placed
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a run for its money and in many aspects was more interestingly edited". When Heath, the editor of
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was built in Fort Worth in 1895, which the Mehls joined; sometime around 1897, Benjamin was
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bought it, and set up the B. Max Mehl Co. He later sold the firm to George Nichols of
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found this to be deceptive. Thereafter, Mehl switched campaigns, offering to buy any
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advertising and colorful personality projected him to the first rank of dealers."
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Quarter of Łódź, known as Altstadt. Mehl means "meal" (as in ground grain, or
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Guren, Jay (September 12, 1979). "Mehl Introduces Many to Numismatic World".
1526: 670: 650:(1950). Coin dealer Abe Kosoff wrote in Mehl's 1957 obituary in the pages of 393: 327: 263: 1822: 658: 601: 413: 404: 384: 701:
Mehl placed ads to purchase a 1913 Liberty Head nickel (specimen from the
587:, a Sunday newspaper supplement, cost him $ 18,500, while a $ 2,000 ad in 228: 66: 730: 647: 538: 474: 343: 280: 204: 200: 196: 1709:"Numismatic History – Coin Dealer B. Max Mehl – a Texas Master of Coins" 1567: 740: 643: 608:
came to him in late 1935 after having sold out the year's issue of the
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The Star Coin Book: An Encyclopedia of Rare American and Foreign Coins
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During his half-century of coin dealing, his customer list included
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Commemorative Coins of the United States: A Complete Encyclopedia
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125 Years of Collecting With the American Numismatic Association
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that led to some criticism of him in the numismatic community.
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Walter Breen's Complete Encyclopedia of U.S. and Colonial Coins
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and Temple Beth-El. He received a humanitarian award from the
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Encyclopedia of the Commemorative Coins of the United States
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Benjamin Maximillian Mehl was born on November 5, 1884, in
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in 1974, and to the CoinFacts Dealer Hall of Fame in 2010.
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as a replacement journal for the ANA, but Zerbe took over
153:(November 5, 1884 – September 28, 1957), usually known as 1340: 1338: 1272: 1270: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1166: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1103: 1045: 1043: 1018: 1016: 776:, then in use in the Russian Empire, where Mehl was born. 722:
until July 1966, thereafter fading from active business.
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Greenwood Cemetery (Beth-El section), Fort Worth, Texas
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Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
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from a hobby for the wealthy to one enjoyed by many.
1401: 1377: 1147: 334:, selling 33 U.S. coins on a highest-bidder basis. 1804: 1735: 1590: 1551: 974: 899: 195:. He sold coins from the collections of important 1649:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Numismatic Biographies 654:, "Max was master of the finesse of cataloging." 1839: 846: 844: 842: 840: 838: 836: 834: 832: 819: 817: 815: 813: 811: 809: 807: 805: 803: 801: 799: 797: 795: 793: 444:, died unexpectedly in 1908, Mehl offered the 1592:"Disappearance of the Gold Dollars Explained" 829: 362:, sold for ten cents and heavily copied from 790: 729:Many of his contemporaries dubbed Mehl "the 692: 507: 301: 1733: 1667: 1604:Horning, Charles D. (Winter–Spring 1995). 1419: 1175: 683:National Conference of Christians and Jews 677:. He was a member of the Fort Worth Club, 624: 31: 768:Sources do not specify whether this is a 515:merely a come-on to promote sales of his 314:containing Mehl's first ad, December 1903 1878:American people of Polish-Jewish descent 1770:"Mehl, Benjamin Maximillian (1884–1957)" 1748: 1629: 1603: 1549: 1511: 1498: 1451:"Officers of the A.N.A. for Fifty Years" 1395: 1344: 1329: 1317: 1276: 1249: 1225: 1141: 1109: 1097: 1049: 1022: 968: 893: 718:. It continued to run advertisements in 696: 628: 563: 490:McKinley Birthplace Memorial gold dollar 419: 377: 358:1906, he published the first edition of 349:The February 1904 advertisement offered 305: 199:(coin collectors) at auction, including 1792: 1680: 1616: 1524: 1477: 1461: 1383: 1371: 1359: 1305: 1293: 1261: 1237: 1187: 1160: 1085: 1073: 932: 920: 482:early United States commemorative coins 480:Mehl was one of the largest dealers in 432:In January 1908, Mehl began to publish 1840: 1821: 1793:Weiner, Hollace Ava (April 17, 2021). 1780:from the original on November 23, 2021 1721:from the original on November 23, 2021 1706: 1696:"Mehl 'Library' Offered in April Sale" 1693: 1655:from the original on November 23, 2021 1588: 1575: 1564: 1537:from the original on November 23, 2021 1407: 1124: 1061: 1034: 1007: 995: 947: 1512:Bowers, Q. David (July–August 1999). 1499:Bowers, Q. David (March–April 1999). 495:Louisiana Purchase Exposition dollars 1484:. Bowers and Merena Galleries, Inc. 543:United States Post Office Department 1589:Heath, George F. (September 1906). 738:." Jay Guren, in a 1979 article in 616:to agree to strike limited-edition 13: 1767: 1683:"The Dean of American Numismatics" 1668:Molyneaux, Peter J. (March 1929). 1632:"B. Max Mehl: The 1913 Nickel Man" 850: 661:, Mehl was chairman of Fort Worth 604:sank. When representatives of the 14: 1909: 1681:Parker, Daniel C. (Winter 1978). 1642: 1527:"A Milestone Celebration, Part I" 823: 750:Professional Coin Grading Service 1898:People from Piotrków Governorate 1707:Smith, Pete (February 3, 2016). 318:Mehl's first published words in 16:American coin dealer (1884–1957) 685:, Fort Worth chapter, in 1956. 612:, Mehl advised them to get the 610:Arkansas Centennial half dollar 373:The Star Rare Coin Encyclopedia 290:American Numismatic Association 178:American Numismatic Association 138: 1827:"A Jaunt Across the Continent" 1734:Southward, Walt (March 2004). 1576:Heath, George F. (June 1903). 762: 703:National Numismatic Collection 642:another great rarity, an 1822 606:Arkansas Centennial Commission 1: 1888:People from Fort Worth, Texas 1617:Kosoff, Abe (November 1957). 1578:"Applications for Membership" 1501:"Question & Answer Forum" 783: 572:In the early 1930s, amid the 537:In 1921, Mehl sold his first 222: 38: 1645:"Mehl, Benjamin Maximillian" 1630:LaMarre, Tom (Spring 1987). 7: 1643:Lupia, John N. III (2016). 1606:"The Armand Champa Library" 1550:Deisher, Beth (July 2003). 517:Star Rare Coin Encyclopedia 10: 1914: 1694:Smith, Pete (April 1997). 1467:"A Visit with B. Max Mehl" 1429: 1749:Swiatek, Anthony (2012). 1670:"A Texas Master of Coins" 1525:Bowers, Q. David (2016). 1478:Bowers, Q. David (1992). 1465:(October–December 1983). 590:The Saturday Evening Post 434:Mehl's Numismatic Monthly 151:Benjamin Maximillian Mehl 125: 117: 109: 101: 82: 53:Benjamin Maximillian Mehl 48: 30: 23: 1800:Fort Worth Star-Telegram 1457:: 754–759. October 1941. 755: 693:Aftermath and assessment 555:1913 Liberty Head nickel 508:Middle years (1920–1940) 302:Early career (1903–1920) 209:1913 Liberty Head nickel 168:, which was part of the 1610:The Commemorative Trail 625:Later years (1940–1957) 217:Numismatic Hall of Fame 1553:"Liberty Head Legends" 712:Costa Mesa, California 706: 634: 569: 521: 486:Columbian half dollars 425: 389: 315: 193:Colonel E. H. R. Green 1868:American numismatists 1768:Weiner, Hollace Ava. 700: 679:Colonial Country Club 632: 567: 512: 467:Franklin D. Roosevelt 423: 381: 309: 185:Franklin D. Roosevelt 595:Colonel E.H.R. Green 1873:Polish numismatists 1088:, pp. 634–635. 950:, pp. 182–183. 675:Chamber of Commerce 584:The American Weekly 547:1894-S Barber dimes 399:Fort Worth Telegram 276:called to the Torah 231:, in what was then 1753:. KWS Publishers. 770:Gregorian calendar 707: 635: 614:Bureau of the Mint 570: 446:Numismatic Monthly 426: 390: 368:The Star Coin Book 366:. Heath described 316: 86:September 28, 1957 1809:on April 28, 2021 1774:Handbook of Texas 1760:978-0-9817736-7-4 1491:978-0-943161-35-8 1445:: 89. March 1906. 1112:, pp. 67–68. 1076:, pp. 57–58. 578:Sunday newspapers 471:Winston Churchill 364:The Hub Coin Book 351:The Hub Coin Book 266:before moving to 189:Winston Churchill 174:Fort Worth, Texas 164:Mehl was born in 148: 147: 94:Fort Worth, Texas 1905: 1893:People from Łódź 1834: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1808: 1803:. Archived from 1789: 1787: 1785: 1764: 1745: 1739: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1703: 1690: 1677: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1639: 1636:Rare Coin Review 1626: 1613: 1600: 1594: 1585: 1572: 1561: 1555: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1521: 1518:Rare Coin Review 1508: 1505:Rare Coin Review 1495: 1474: 1471:Rare Coin Review 1463:Bowers, Q. David 1458: 1446: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1399: 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1348: 1342: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1315: 1309: 1303: 1297: 1291: 1280: 1274: 1265: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1235: 1229: 1223: 1206: 1197: 1191: 1190:, pp. 9–10. 1185: 1179: 1173: 1164: 1158: 1145: 1139: 1128: 1122: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1095: 1089: 1083: 1077: 1071: 1065: 1059: 1053: 1047: 1038: 1032: 1026: 1020: 1011: 1005: 999: 993: 972: 966: 951: 945: 936: 930: 924: 918: 897: 891: 876: 867: 854: 848: 827: 821: 777: 766: 574:Great Depression 533: 501:The American Boy 142: 140: 89: 63:November 5, 1884 62: 60: 43: 40: 35: 21: 20: 1913: 1912: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1903: 1902: 1838: 1837: 1831:The Numismatist 1825:(August 1906). 1812: 1810: 1783: 1781: 1761: 1742:The Numismatist 1724: 1722: 1700:The Numismatist 1674:The Numismatist 1658: 1656: 1623:The Numismatist 1597:The Numismatist 1582:The Numismatist 1558:The Numismatist 1540: 1538: 1492: 1455:The Numismatist 1442:The Numismatist 1432: 1427: 1426: 1418: 1414: 1406: 1402: 1394: 1390: 1382: 1378: 1374:, p. 1306. 1370: 1366: 1362:, p. 1305. 1358: 1351: 1343: 1336: 1328: 1324: 1316: 1312: 1304: 1300: 1292: 1283: 1275: 1268: 1260: 1256: 1248: 1244: 1236: 1232: 1224: 1209: 1201:The Numismatist 1198: 1194: 1186: 1182: 1174: 1167: 1159: 1148: 1140: 1131: 1123: 1116: 1108: 1104: 1096: 1092: 1084: 1080: 1072: 1068: 1060: 1056: 1048: 1041: 1033: 1029: 1021: 1014: 1006: 1002: 994: 975: 967: 954: 946: 939: 935:, p. 1304. 931: 927: 919: 900: 892: 879: 871:The Numismatist 868: 857: 849: 830: 822: 791: 786: 781: 780: 774:Julian calendar 767: 763: 758: 720:The Numismatist 695: 652:The Numismatist 627: 535: 532:(1988), p. 254. 526:Walter H. Breen 523: 510: 455:The Numismatist 450:The Numismatist 442:The Numismatist 438:The Numismatist 340:The Numismatist 336:Q. David Bowers 332:The Numismatist 324:The Numismatist 320:The Numismatist 312:The Numismatist 304: 295:The Numismatist 233:Congress Poland 225: 166:Congress Poland 159:coin collecting 144: 141: 1907) 136: 132: 97: 91: 87: 78: 71:Congress Poland 64: 58: 56: 55: 54: 44: 41: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1911: 1901: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1836: 1835: 1819: 1790: 1765: 1759: 1746: 1731: 1704: 1691: 1678: 1665: 1640: 1627: 1614: 1601: 1586: 1573: 1562: 1547: 1522: 1509: 1496: 1490: 1475: 1459: 1447: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1420:Southward 2004 1412: 1400: 1388: 1376: 1364: 1349: 1334: 1322: 1320:, p. 270. 1310: 1298: 1281: 1266: 1254: 1242: 1230: 1207: 1205:, p. 757. 1192: 1180: 1178:, p. 177. 1176:Molyneaux 1929 1165: 1146: 1129: 1127:, p. 407. 1114: 1102: 1090: 1078: 1066: 1064:, p. 408. 1054: 1039: 1037:, p. 262. 1027: 1012: 1010:, p. 302. 1000: 973: 952: 937: 925: 898: 877: 855: 828: 788: 787: 785: 782: 779: 778: 760: 759: 757: 754: 736:Madison Avenue 694: 691: 663:Draft Board #2 626: 623: 511: 509: 506: 394:classified ads 303: 300: 237:Russian Empire 224: 221: 170:Russian Empire 146: 145: 134: 130: 129: 127: 123: 122: 119: 115: 114: 111: 107: 106: 103: 99: 98: 92: 90:(aged 72) 84: 80: 79: 75:Russian Empire 65: 52: 50: 46: 45: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1910: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1858:American Jews 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1823:Zerbe, Farran 1820: 1807: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1738: 1732: 1720: 1716: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1666: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1593: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1574: 1571:. p. 54. 1570: 1569: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1548: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1514:"B. Max Mehl" 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1493: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1437:"B. Max Mehl" 1434: 1433: 1422:, p. 59. 1421: 1416: 1410:, p. 54. 1409: 1404: 1398:, p. 46. 1397: 1392: 1385: 1380: 1373: 1368: 1361: 1356: 1354: 1347:, p. 70. 1346: 1341: 1339: 1332:, p. 47. 1331: 1326: 1319: 1314: 1308:, p. 62. 1307: 1302: 1296:, p. 11. 1295: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1279:, p. 47. 1278: 1273: 1271: 1264:, p. 12. 1263: 1258: 1252:, p. 46. 1251: 1246: 1240:, p. 60. 1239: 1234: 1228:, p. 69. 1227: 1222: 1220: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1212: 1204: 1202: 1196: 1189: 1184: 1177: 1172: 1170: 1162: 1157: 1155: 1153: 1151: 1144:, p. 37. 1143: 1138: 1136: 1134: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1111: 1106: 1100:, p. 72. 1099: 1094: 1087: 1082: 1075: 1070: 1063: 1058: 1052:, p. 81. 1051: 1046: 1044: 1036: 1031: 1025:, p. 66. 1024: 1019: 1017: 1009: 1004: 997: 992: 990: 988: 986: 984: 982: 980: 978: 971:, p. 67. 970: 965: 963: 961: 959: 957: 949: 944: 942: 934: 929: 922: 917: 915: 913: 911: 909: 907: 905: 903: 896:, p. 65. 895: 890: 888: 886: 884: 882: 875:, p. 89. 874: 872: 866: 864: 862: 860: 852: 847: 845: 843: 841: 839: 837: 835: 833: 825: 820: 818: 816: 814: 812: 810: 808: 806: 804: 802: 800: 798: 796: 794: 789: 775: 771: 765: 761: 753: 751: 745: 743: 742: 737: 732: 727: 723: 721: 717: 716:Beverly Hills 713: 704: 699: 690: 686: 684: 680: 676: 672: 671:Exchange Club 668: 664: 660: 655: 653: 649: 645: 639: 633:Mehl, c. 1953 631: 622: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 598: 596: 592: 591: 586: 585: 579: 575: 566: 562: 558: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 534: 531: 527: 520: 518: 505: 503: 502: 496: 491: 487: 483: 478: 476: 472: 468: 463: 458: 456: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 430: 422: 418: 415: 410: 407: 406: 401: 400: 395: 387: 386: 380: 376: 374: 369: 365: 361: 356: 352: 347: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 328:Alvord, Texas 325: 321: 313: 308: 299: 297: 296: 291: 285: 283: 282: 277: 273: 269: 265: 264:Denton, Texas 259: 257: 253: 248: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 220: 218: 213: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 181: 179: 175: 171: 167: 162: 160: 156: 152: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 102:Resting place 100: 95: 85: 81: 76: 72: 68: 51: 47: 34: 29: 22: 19: 1830: 1811:. Retrieved 1806:the original 1798: 1782:. Retrieved 1773: 1750: 1741: 1723:. Retrieved 1712: 1699: 1687:The Centinel 1686: 1673: 1657:. Retrieved 1648: 1635: 1625:: 1304–1305. 1622: 1609: 1596: 1581: 1566: 1557: 1539:. Retrieved 1530: 1517: 1504: 1480: 1470: 1454: 1440: 1415: 1403: 1396:Horning 1995 1391: 1386:, p. 9. 1379: 1367: 1345:Bowers 1999b 1330:Horning 1995 1325: 1318:Swiatek 2012 1313: 1301: 1277:LaMarre 1987 1257: 1250:LaMarre 1987 1245: 1233: 1226:Bowers 1999b 1203:October 1941 1200: 1195: 1183: 1142:Deisher 2003 1110:Bowers 1999b 1105: 1098:Swiatek 2012 1093: 1081: 1069: 1057: 1050:Bowers 1999a 1030: 1023:Bowers 1999b 1003: 969:Bowers 1999b 928: 894:Bowers 1999b 870: 764: 746: 739: 728: 724: 719: 708: 687: 659:World War II 656: 651: 640: 636: 599: 588: 582: 571: 568:Mehl in 1931 559: 551:Barber dimes 536: 529: 522: 516: 513: 499: 479: 459: 454: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 431: 427: 424:Mehl in 1906 414:Farran Zerbe 411: 403: 397: 391: 383: 372: 367: 363: 359: 354: 350: 348: 339: 331: 323: 319: 317: 311: 293: 286: 279: 260: 249: 226: 214: 197:numismatists 182: 163: 154: 150: 149: 88:(1957-09-28) 77:(now Poland) 18: 1863:Polish Jews 1853:1957 deaths 1848:1884 births 1384:Parker 1978 1372:Kosoff 1957 1360:Kosoff 1957 1306:Bowers 1992 1294:Parker 1978 1262:Bowers 1983 1238:Bowers 1992 1188:Parker 1978 1161:Bowers 2016 1086:Bowers 1992 1074:Bowers 1992 933:Kosoff 1957 921:Weiner 2021 731:P.T. Barnum 669:and of the 667:Rotary Club 648:Jerome Kern 539:1804 dollar 475:King Farouk 462:bas-reliefs 382:Mehl ad in 344:consignment 281:bar mitzvah 235:within the 205:King Farouk 201:Jerome Kern 155:B. Max Mehl 131:Ethel Rosen 121:Coin dealer 110:Nationality 42: 1950 25:B. Max Mehl 1842:Categories 1833:: 261–277. 1702:: 407–409. 1676:: 176–188. 1599:: 300–302. 1584:: 182–183. 1568:Coin World 1408:Guren 1979 1125:Smith 1997 1062:Smith 1997 1035:Zerbe 1906 1008:Heath 1906 996:Smith 2016 948:Heath 1903 873:March 1906 784:References 741:Coin World 644:half eagle 477:of Egypt. 310:Page from 268:Fort Worth 223:Early life 118:Occupation 59:1884-11-05 618:varieties 405:Collier's 385:Collier's 272:synagogue 256:Lithuania 1778:Archived 1744:: 59–61. 1719:Archived 1714:CoinWeek 1653:Archived 1638:: 46–47. 1612:: 42–48. 1560:: 36–43. 1535:Archived 1520:: 64–70. 1507:: 81–82. 1473:: 12–14. 772:date or 113:American 1813:July 3, 1784:July 3, 1725:July 3, 1689:: 9–11. 1659:July 3, 1541:July 4, 1430:Sources 657:During 493:of the 396:in the 143:​ 135:​ 1757:  1488:  851:Weiner 602:stocks 388:, 1908 252:Kaunas 241:Jewish 126:Spouse 96:, U.S. 824:Lupia 756:Notes 278:as a 245:flour 137:( 133: 37:Mehl 1815:2021 1786:2021 1755:ISBN 1727:2021 1661:2021 1543:2021 1486:ISBN 473:and 355:Book 229:Łódź 203:and 191:and 83:Died 67:Łódź 49:Born 1844:: 1829:. 1797:. 1776:. 1772:. 1740:. 1717:. 1711:. 1698:. 1685:. 1672:. 1651:. 1647:. 1634:. 1621:. 1608:. 1595:. 1580:. 1556:. 1533:. 1529:. 1516:. 1503:. 1469:. 1453:. 1439:. 1352:^ 1337:^ 1284:^ 1269:^ 1210:^ 1168:^ 1149:^ 1132:^ 1117:^ 1042:^ 1015:^ 976:^ 955:^ 940:^ 901:^ 880:^ 858:^ 831:^ 792:^ 752:. 528:, 504:. 469:, 254:, 187:, 139:m. 73:, 69:, 39:c. 1817:. 1788:. 1763:. 1729:. 1663:. 1545:. 1494:. 1163:. 998:. 923:. 853:. 826:. 705:) 524:— 61:) 57:(

Index


Łódź
Congress Poland
Russian Empire
Fort Worth, Texas
coin collecting
Congress Poland
Russian Empire
Fort Worth, Texas
American Numismatic Association
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Winston Churchill
Colonel E. H. R. Green
numismatists
Jerome Kern
King Farouk
1913 Liberty Head nickel
Numismatic Hall of Fame
Łódź
Congress Poland
Russian Empire
Jewish
flour
Kaunas
Lithuania
Denton, Texas
Fort Worth
synagogue
called to the Torah
bar mitzvah

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